电气实用英语汇编
一．电气名词 Electric items 二．线路（母线、回路）Lines (Bus, circuits) 三．设备 Equipments 四．保护、继电器 Protection , relays 五．电气仪表 Electric instruments 六．防雷 Lightning protection 七．接地 Grounding, earthing 八．室、所 Room , Substation 九．电修车间设备 Equipments of electric repair 十．材料 Material 十一．图名 Drawings, diagrams 十二．表头 Tables 十三．标准图词汇 Terms from standard DWG
一．电气名词 Electric items 交（直）流 Alternating (direct) current 短路电流 Short-circuit current 起始次暂态短路电流 Initial subtransient short-circuit current 冲击电流 Impulse current 稳态短路电流 Steady state short-circuit current 临界电流 Critical current 切断电流 Rupturing current 熔断电流 Blow-out current 故障电流 Fault current 计算电流 Calculating current 极限有限电流 Limit effective current 过电流 Over current 逆电流 Inverse current 整定电流 Setting current 额定电流 Rated current 电流密度 Current density 短路电流最大有效值 Maximum effective value of short-circuit current 高压 High-voltage , High-tension 低压 Low-voltage , Low-tension 计算电压 Calculating voltage 激磁电压 Exciting voltage 冲击电压 Impulse voltage 临界电压 Critical voltage 残留电压 Residual voltage 击穿电压 Puncture voltage 脉动电压 Pulsating voltage 供电电压 Supply voltage 电力电压 Power voltage 照明电压 Lighting voltage 灯丝电压 Filament voltage 额定电压 Rated voltage 电压损失 Voltage lo 过(欠)电压 Over (under) voltage 线路电压 Line voltage 电压降 Voltage drop 工作电压 Working voltage 一次电压 Primary voltage 二次电压 Secondary voltage 电源 Electric source (power supply) 自控电压 Power supply for proce control 6kV控制闪光电源 Flashing supply for 6kV control 工作电源 Working power supply (electric source) 保安电源 Emergency power supply (electric source) 直流稳压电源 Stabilized D.C.source 控制电源 Control supply 直流电源 D.C.source 交流电源 A.C.source 负荷计算 Load calculation 设备容量 Installed capacity 需要容量 Electric demand 功率因数 Power factor 安装高度 Mounting height 耐电压 Breakdown voltage 工频耐压 High-voltage test with working frequency 表面闪络 Surface flash-over 直流泄漏 D.C.leakage 体电阻率 Volume resistivity 介质损失角 Dielectric lo angle 击穿强度 Puncture intensity 电压等级 Voltage grade 比重 Specific gravity 性能 Feature 相序 Phase sequence 瞬时 Instantaneous 倾角 Angle of inclination 跨度 Span 正极 Positive pole 负极 Negative pole 截面(积) Cro section area 辅助电源 Auxiliary source 遮断容量 Interrupting capacity 载流量 Current-carrying capacity 校正系数 Correction factor 连续负荷 Continuous load 长期载流量 Continuous capacity 长时间额定值 Longtime rating 电动机堵转电流 Locked-rotor motor current 限定负荷 Limited load 电感负荷 Inductive load 感应电流 Induced current 二．线路（母线、回路）Lines (Bus , circuits) 母线 Bus-bar 合闸电源 母线 Closing power source bus 闪光母线 Flashing-bus 备用母线 Spare bus 装在支柱上的插接式母线 Post-supported plug-in bus way 装在吊钩上的插接式母线 Hook-supported plug-in bus way 装在支架上的插接式母线 Bracket-supported plug-in bus way 小母线 Miniature bus 电源小母线 Power supply miniature bus 操作小母线 Operating miniature bus 事故信号小母线 Miniature bus for fault signal 闪光小母线 Flashing miniature bus 主母线 Main bus 直流主母线 D.C.main bus 预告母线 Prewarning bus 干线 Main line 照明干线 Lighting main line 接地干线 Grounding main line 插座干线 Receptacle main line 电压干线 Voltage main line 端子出线 Terminal outgoing 中性线 Neutral 支线 Branch-line 引入线 Lead-in 电气线路 Electric circuit 交流配电线路 A.C.distribution circuit 直流配电线路 D.C.distribution circuit 事故照明线路 Emergency lighting circuit 控制线路 Control circuit 接地或接零线路 Grounding or neutralizing circuit 信号线路 Signal circuit 有接地极的接地线路网 Grounding with grounding electrodes 定子绕组测温回路 Temperature measuring circuit for stator winding 接地信号回路 Grounding signal circuit 闪光信号回路 Flashing-signal circuit 开阀回路 Circuit for opening valve 关（闭）阀回路 Circuit for closing valve 开度计回路 Circuit for opening meter 电流测量回路 Current-measuring circuit 差动保护回路 Differental protective circuit 过流保护回路 Over-current protective circuit 合闸回路 Closing circuit 停车延时回路 Delayed shutdown circuit 掉闸回路 Trip circuit 激磁回路 Exciting circuit 备用回路 Spare circuit 主回路 Main circuit 馈路 Feeder circuit 现有回路 Existing circuit 单线回路 Single-wire circuit 接地回路 Earthed circuit 有电压的电路 Live circuit 三．设备 Equipments 高压开关柜 H.V.switchgear 动力配电箱 Power distribution cabinet 电源配电箱 Source distribution cabinet 直流配电屏 D.C.switchboard (distribution panel) 交流低压配电屏 A.C.L.V.switchboard (distribution panel) 静电电容器柜 Static capacitor cabinet 多种电源插销箱 Receptacle box for miscellaneous power supplies 控制箱 Control cabinet 照明配电箱 Lighting (distribution panel) 连接箱 Junction box 出线盒 Outlet box 开关箱 Switch box 控制台 Console 分段屏 Sectionalizing panel 进线屏 Incoming line panel 电控箱 Electric control panel 边屏 Side board 端子箱 Terminal box 供电盘 Power supply box 瓶车箱 Synchronizing cabinet 感应调压器专用变压器高压柜 Special transformer H.V.cabinet for induction voltage regulator 电压互感器柜 Potential transformer cabinet 信号屏 Signal panel 浮充屏 Floating panel 蓄电池屏 Battery panel 充电屏 Charging panel 母线联络柜 Bus tie cabinet 转换开关 Transfer switch 电压表转换开关 Voltmeter change-over switch 铁壳开关 Metal-clad switch (Iron-clad switch) 管式熔断器 Cartridge fuse 真空断路器 Vacuum circuit breaker (V.C.B.) 自动开关 Automatic switch 高压 负荷开关 H.V.load break switch 三极高压断路器 3-pole HV circuit-breaker 刀开关 Knife switch 转换开关 Transfer switch 双极铁壳开关 2-pole iron-clad switch 风扇变速开关 Fan speed regulator switch 密闭照明灯开关 Hermetic lighting switch 防爆照明灯开关 Explosion-proof lighting switch 行程开关 Limit switch 高压隔离开关 H.V.disconnecting switch 明装单极板钮开关 Surface-mounted single-pole toggle switch 暗装单极板钮开关 Flush-mounted single-pole toggle switch 三路开关 Three-way switch 气密式组合开关 Hermetic packet type switch 防护式开关 Guard type switch 联锁开关 Interlock switch 操作方式选择开关 Selecting switch for types of operation 控制电源开关 Switch for control supply 主令开关 Master switch (controller) 多切点切换开关 Multi-point change-over switch 按钮 Push-button 控制按钮 Control push-button 防爆控制按钮 Explosion-proof control push-button 事故紧急按钮 Emergency stopping push-button 起动按钮 Starting push-button 停止按钮 Stopping push-button 现场按钮 Push-button in field 挡板 damper 音响解除按钮 Push-button for sound release 起动器 Starter 磁力起动器 Magnetic starter 综合起动器 Combination starter (Magnetic starter combination) 电力变压器 Power transformer 调压变压器 Voltage regulating transformer 电压互感器 Potential transformer 电流互感器 Current transformer 照明变压器 Lighting transformer 三相三绕组变压器 3-phase tertiary winding transformer 高压试验变压器 H.V.testing transformer 局部照明变压器 Local lighting transformer 多量程仪用电流互感器 Multi-range current transformer for measurement 降压变压器 Step-down transformer 伺服电动机 Servo-motor 双电压电动机 Dual-voltage motor 感应电动机 Induction motor 交流异步电动机 A.C.asynchronous motor 同步电动机 synchronous motor 三相滑环感应电动机 3-phase slip-ring induction motor 三相鼠笼感应电动机 3-phase squirrel-cage induction motor 绕线式电动机 Wound-rotor induction motor 反应式电动机 Reaction motor 柴油发电机 Diesel generator 励磁发电机 Excitation generator 明装双极插座 Surface-mounted 2-pole receptacle 暗装双极插座 Flush-mounted 2-pole receptacle 双极带接地插座 2-pole receptacle with grounding contact 单相三孔明插座 Surface-mounted single phase 3-pole receptacle 防护式明装三相四孔插座 Guard type surface-mounted 3-phase 4-pole receptacle 配照型灯 Standard dome lighting fitting 搪瓷深照型灯 Enameled high bay lighting fitting 防水防尘灯 Water and dust proof lighting fitting 安全灯 Safety lighting fitting 隔爆灯 Explosion-proof lighting fitting 弯灯 Goose-neck light 壁灯 Wall light 高压水银灯 High preure mercury vapor lighting fitting 投光灯 Flood-light (projection light) 信号灯 Signal lamp 天棚灯 Ceiling-mounted lighting fitting 局部照明灯 Local lighting fitting 灯座 Lamp holder 事故照明灯 Emergency lighting fitting 高压水银荧光灯 H.P.mercury fluorescent lighting fitting 广照型工厂灯 Wide lit type industrial fitting 深照型灯具 High bay lighting fitting 白炽灯具 Incandescent lamp (bulb) 圆球型灯 Globe lamp 嵌入式荧光灯 flush type fluorescent lighting fitting 红色障碍灯 Red obstruction lamp for aviation 厂区道路照明灯 Street lighting in plant area 路灯 Street lamp 视孔灯 Inspection hole lamp 立杆弯灯 goose-neck post lamp , pole lamp 模拟报警信号 Semigraph and alarm signal 自整角机 Selsyn 励磁机 Exciter 显示器 Display 电位器 Potentiometer 内电阻 Internal resistance 固定电阻（器） Fixed resistance 脱扣 Release , trip 分励 Shunt trip 特殊失压脱扣器 Special no-voltage release “或”开关放大器 “Or” switch amplifier 制动器 Brake 电容 Capacitor 整流器 Rectifier 镇流器 Chock 分流器 Shunt 油变阻器 Oil immersed rheostat 频敏电阻器 Frequency sensitive rheostat 滑线变阻器 Sliding rheostat 蜂鸣器 Buzzer 电机加热器 Space heater (for motor) 空气断路器电机操作机构 Motor operating mechanism for air circuit-breaker 可控硅励磁装置 Silicon controlled rectifier excitation device 保护装置 Protective device (element) 闪光装置 Flashing device 接闪装置 （避雷器） Lightning arrester 断相保护 Phase failure protection 四．保护、继电器 Protection , relays 信号继电器 Signal relay 过电流继电器 Over-current relay 电压继电器 Voltage relay 时间继电器 Time relay 中间继电器 Auxiliary relay 热继电器 Thermal relay 温度继电器 Temperature relay 瓦斯继电器 Gas relay 控制电源中间继电器 Auxiliary relay for control supply 自动操作继电器 Relay for auto-operation 低电压继电器 Under-voltage relay 过电压继电器 Over-voltage relay 联锁继电器 Interlock relay 冲击继电器 Impact relay 合闸位置继电器 Close position relay 逆流继电器 Reverse-current relay 差流继电器 Differential current relay 差动继电器 Differential relay 电流继电器 Current relay 功率继电器 Power relay 接地继电器 Earthing relay 重合闸继电器 Reclosing relay 同步继电器 Synchronous relay 速动继电器 Quick acting relay 定时限继电器 Definite time relay 光电继电器 Photoelectric relay 电子继电器 Electronic relay 电磁式继电器 Electromagnetic relay 电动式继电器 Electrodynamic relay 气压继电器 Gas-preure relay 继电器常开触点 Relay N.O.contact 继电器常闭触点 Relay N.C.contact 继电器保护触点（常开） Relay holding contact (N.O.) 能自动返回的常闭按钮触点 Self-return button with N.C.contact 模拟信号触点 Contact for semigraph signal 强励磁接点 Shock excitation contact 电感线圈 Induction coil 电流线圈 Current coil 脱扣线圈 Trip coil 合闸线圈 Close coil 释放线圈 Releasing coil 掉闸线圈 Tripping coil 予告信号 Prewarning signal 掉闸回路断线信号 Breakage signal of trip circuit 断路器事故掉闸信号 Fault trip signal of breaker 掉闸音响信号 Tripping audible signal 重瓦斯预告信号 Heavy gas prewarning signal 温度预告信号 Temperature prewarning signal 手动、自动操作时事故信号 Fault signal in manual/automatic operation 保护掉闸 Protective trip 控制掉闸 Control trip 手动跳闸 Manual trip 变电所紧急停车 Emergency shutdown at substation 工艺故障 Fault in proce 励磁故障 Fault in excitation 工作电源失电报警 No-voltage alarm of working electric source 工作电源分合闸 On and off of working electric source 工作电源投入 Throw-in of working electric source 保安电源送电 supply of emergency electric source 运转指示 Indicating of operation 投入指示 Indicating of throw-in 同步指示 Indicating of synchronism 延时停车 Delayed shutdown 电源切除 Switch off the power supply 速断及过流断通 Instantaneous trip and over-current off/on 自保持 Self-holding 自锁 Self-lock 联锁 Interlocking 绝缘监视 Insulation supervision 电压监视 Voltage supervision 联锁解除 Release of interlock 工作、保安电源切换 Transfer of working and emergency power supply 发电机与工作母线并车 Synchronization of generator to working bus 重瓦斯保护 Heavy gas protection 开或闭超扭矩保护 Over-torque protection during opening and closing valve 电机起动顺序 Sequence of motor starting 铭牌框注字 Name plate denotation (inscription) 五．电气仪表 Electric instruments 电流表 Ammeter 电压表 Voltmeter 三相三线有功电度表 Three-phase three-wire kilowatt-hour meter , kWh meter 单相电度表 Single-phase kilowatt-hour meter 三相无功电度表 Three-phase kilovar-hour meter 有功功率表 Active power meter , kilowatt meter 无功功率表 Reactive power meter , kilovar meter 三相瓦特表(功率表) Three-phase watt meter 功率因数表 Power factor meter 频率表 Frequency meter 验电流器 Galvanoscope 欧姆表 Ohmmeter 相位表 Phase meter 转速表 Tachometer 波长表 Wave-length meter 三相四线制标准电度表 3-phase 4-wire standard watthour-meter 过载电流表 Overload ammeter 低功率因数瓦特表 Low power-factor wattmeter 交直流两用钳型电流表 A.C./D.C.multi-purpose tongtester 兆欧表 Megger , Megohmmeter 万用表 Avometer 微安表 Microammeter 毫安表 Milliammeter 各种测量仪表 Various kind of measuring instruments 接地电阻测量仪 Earthing resistance tester 真空管电压表 Vacuum tube voltmeter 电动秒表 Electric second-meter 六．防雷 Lightning protection 避雷装置 Lightning protector 避雷针 Lightning rod 避雷带 Strap type lightning protector 避雷网 Network of lightning protector 避雷针支架 Lightning rod support 避雷针尖 Tip of lightning rod 避雷针拉铁 Brace for lightning rod 避雷器 Lightning arrester , surge discharger 球型避雷器 Spherical arrester 管形避雷器 Tubular arrester 阀形避雷器 Auto-valve arrester 低压避雷器 Low voltage arrester 角形 避雷器 Horn arrester 多隙避雷器 Multigap arrester 铝避雷器 Aluminum cell arrester 氧化膜避雷器 Oxide film arrester 击穿保险器 Puncture lightning arrester 雷击 Lightning stroke 直接雷击 Direct lightning stroke 感应雷击 Induction lightning stroke 雷电日 Thunderbolt days 雷电或然率 Lightning and thunder probability 触电 Electric shock 静电感应 Electrostatic induction 七．接地 Grounding , earthing 接地保护 Ground protection , earth protection 防雷接地 Grounding for lightning 保护接地 Protective earthing 人工接地 Artificial grounding 工作接地 Working grounding , working earthing 重复接地 Multiple earthing 屏蔽接地 Screen earthing , shielding ground 中性点接地 Neutral point grounded 接地系统 Grounding system , earthing system 接地故障 Ground fault , earth fault 单相接地 Single phase earthing 母线接地 Bus ground 接地装置 Grounding device , earthing device 引下线 Down-lead , down conductor 引下线固定 Clamping plate of support for fixing 支架夹板 Down lead 引下线固定支脚 Support for fixing down lead 接地线 Ground connector 接地干线 Ground(ing) main , (bus) 接地网 Grounding network , earthing network 接地极 Earth electrode (pole) 接地电阻 Earth resistance 接地电路 Earth (ground) circuit 连接条 Connecting strip 断接卡 Connecting clamp 八．室、所 Room , Substation 贮藏室 Storage 套间 Compartment 蓄电池室 Battery room 控制室 Control room 配电室 Distribution room 维修间 Repair room 变电所 Substation 高压配电室 H.V.distribution room 休息室 Rest room 九．电修车间设备 Equipments of electric repair 砂轮机 Emery wheel grinder 台钻 Bench drilling machine 交流电焊机 A.C.welding machine 移动式空气压缩机 Portable air compreor 手电钻 Electric hand drill 单速手摇绕线机 Single speed hand winding machine 导线钳压器 Wire jointing pre-clamp 油压千斤顶 Hydraulic jack 电吹尘器 Electric dust cleaner 存放柜 Store chest 高压试验变压器 H.V.testing transformer 泄漏试验变压器 Leakage testing set 大电流发生器 Strong current generator 油浸自冷感应调压器 Oil-immersed self-cooled induction voltage regulator 多量程仪用电流互感器 Multi-range current transformer for measurement 仪用电感互感器 Instrumental voltage transformer 单相自耦变压器 Single-phase auto-transformer 三相自耦变压器 3-phase auto-transformer 硅整流器 Silicon rectifier 仪表试验台 Testing stand for instrument 接触器，继电器试验台 Relay and contactor testing stand 慢扫描示波器 Slow scanning oscillograph 交流电子稳压器 A.C.electronic voltage stabilizer 携带式交流电桥 Portable A.C.electric bridge 接地电阻测量仪 Earthing resistance tester 电缆故障探伤仪 Cable fault detector 直流单臂电桥 D.C.single-arm electric bridge , Wheatstone bridge 十．材料 Material 绝缘包布 Insulating tape 填料 Filler , packing 绝缘膏 Insulating compound 电缆膏 Cable compound 防腐油 Anti-corrosive oil 沥青漆 Bituminous varnish 绝缘漆 Insulating varnish 瓷漆 Enamel varnish 有色金属 Non-ferrous metal 黑色金属 ferrous metal 白金属 White metal 云母 Mica 环氧树脂 Epoxy resin 聚氯乙烯 Polyvinyl chloride , PVC 蜡 Wax 滑石粉 Talc powder 电胶木 Bakelite 聚丙烯外壳 Polyacrylic cover 耐油橡胶管 Oil-proof rubber tubes 接地铜线 Grounding copper wire 垫圈 Pad 塑料绝缘线 Plastics insulated wire 橡套电缆 Rubber sheathed cable 中间接头 Splice 填充剂 Filling agent 绝缘电线 Insulated wire 移动软电缆 Movable flexible cable 补偿导线 Extension wire 套管 Bushing 母线槽 Busway 悬索 Cable suspension 滑触线 Trolley conductor 镀锌煤气管 Galvanized gas pipe 镀锌角钢 Galvanized steel angle 镀锌扁钢 Galvanized steel strap 钢丝绳 Steel wire rope 电笛 Siren 电磁阀 Electromagnetic valve 连接片 Connecting link 切换片 Transfering link 端子排 Terminal board 半导体二极管 Semiconductor diode 开度计 Opening meter 逻辑元件 Logical element 接线盒 Junction box 仪表槽板 Instrument trunking 电缆吊架 Cable hanger 出线套 Outgoing line sleeve 十一．图名 Drawings , diagrams 电气图纸目录 Contents of electric drawings 电力系统图 Electric power system diagram 照明系统图 Lighting system diagram 电力平面布置图 Electric power layout plan 照明平面布置图 Lighting layout plan 单线图 One line diagram 控制箱面部布置图 Surface arrangement of control box 背部接线图 Back wiring (diagram) 外部接线图 External (outside) wiring diagram 内部接线图 Internal (inside) wiring diagram 控制原理图 Principle control diagram 原理图 Schematic diagram 展开图 Developed diagram 电气标准图 Electric standard drawing 电气施工图 Electric working drawing 复用图 Reproducibles (drawing) 电缆联系图 Cable hook-up diagram 转换开关接点图 Contact diagram of transfer switch 箱侧视图 Side view of box 正视图 Front view , facade 背视图 Back view 剖面图 Section 参考图 Reference drawing 电缆敷设图 Cable laying diagram 箱内框架布置图 Arrangement of frames inside the cabinet 控制箱台面展开图 Surface developed diagram of console 出线端子示意图 Schematic diagram of terminal outgoing lines 端子接线图 Diagram of terminal connections 电气管线表 List of wire , cable and conduits 设备材料表 List of equipment and materials 十二．表头 Tables 电力系统图 Power system diagram 引入线 Lead in 保护设备 Protective device 型号 Type 额定值 Rating 整定值 Setting 主启动设备回路 Circuit to starting device 导线型号、芯数、截面及管径 Conductor type , cores , section & diameter of conduit 线长 Wire length 管长 Conduit length 启动设备 Starting device 型号规格 Type , specification 保护元件 Protective element 计量装置 Calculating device 用电设备主回路 Main circuit of electric equipment 控制回路 Control circuit 控制装置 Control device 用电设备 Electric equipment 设备容量 Consumer capacity 生产设备 Production equipment 位号 No.of location 名称 Name 备注 Remarks 引入线 Feed in 配电箱 Distribution cabinet 型号及编号 Type and No.开关型号 Switch type 保护装置 Protective device 回路编号 Circuit No.相别 Phase 灯数 Number of lamps 插座数 Number of receptacles 电缆编号 No.of line 起点 Starting 终点 Ending 母线截面 Section of bus 零母线 Neutral bus 屏编号 Panel No.型号及方案号 Type and variant No.控制原理图号 Principle control diagram 工艺位号 Proce item No.十三．标准图词汇 Terms from standard DWG 电工系统图图形符号 Graphic symbols for electric system 交流电的相别 A.C.phase sequence 直流电的正负极 D.C.positive and negative poles 有中性点引出线的星形连接的三相绕组 Star-connected three phase windings with neutral outlet 开口三角形连接的三相绕组 3-phase winding with open delta connection 互相连接的导线 Cro connection of wires 不连接的跨越导线 Croing wires not in contact with each other 可拆卸的电气连接 Removable connection 电缆终端头 Pothead of cable or cable end 自耦变压器 Auto-transformer 感应 调压器 Induction voltage regulator 凸极同步电动机 Salient pole synchronous motor 带接换装置的蓄电池组 Accumulator battery with tap-changers 空气断路器 Air circuit-breaker 保持触点 Holding contact 热元件 Thermal element 自动复位的操作开关 Spring-return operating switch 插接器 Plug-in connector 电喇叭 Horn 电炉 Electric furnace 分流器 Shunt 可控硅整流箱屏 Silicon controlled rectifier box panel 直流配电屏 D.C.distributing panel 磁力起动器组 Magnetic starter group 自动开关箱 Automatic switch box 行程开关 Limit switch 局部灯 Local lighting fitting 荧光灯列 Series fluorescent lighting fitting 防护式灯开关 Protective switch 导线引上 Conductors turning up 导线引下 Conductors turning down 导线由上引来 Conductors turning from above 导线由下引来 Conductors turning from below 电缆沟 Cable trench 调压器 Voltage regulator 隔离变压器 Isolating transformer 击穿保护器 Puncturing safety device 晶体管 Transisorized diode 地坪 Grade level 电缆与水管平行 Cable running parallel to a water supply pipe 电缆与热力管道交叉敷设 Cable running acro heat pipeline 车道 Drive way 电缆穿管与管道交叉 Cable protective pipe acro a pipeline 双(单)侧支架电缆沟 Trench with rack on both sides (one side) 室外地坪 Outdoor grade 跨接线 Jumper 金属软管 Flexible metal tube 过渡接头 Adapter
