定语从句讲解
一个美丽的女孩
a beautiful girl （形容词作前置定语） 一个穿白色衣服的女孩
a girl in white （介词短语作后置定语） 一个正唱歌的女孩
a girl who is singing (定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）
一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.Harry Porter is a smart boy.形容词作定语 Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.
句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫做定语从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 关系词 分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词：who whom whose which that as
关系代词 ：when where why 先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.the boy’s =whose The school where I study is far from my home.in the school = where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 关系代词的作用
1.代替先行词;
２.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）
关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.分解
作主语 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
作宾语分解、
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr.Li.③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
This is a truck which / that is made in China.分解 This is a truck.
The truck is made in China.These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan. The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? ④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 作主语 分解 The man is a worker.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man (that) I told you about.⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。不可省略。 I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl.
The girl’s mother is a teacher.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.We live in a house whose windows face south.I saw a woman .
Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Please show me the book . Its cover is red.
Please show me the book whose cover is red.
定语从句三步：
第一找出先行词
第二看先行词在定语从句中的
语法功能（做主语、宾语或状
语）
第三选择合适的关系词 关系代词的用法注意点
(1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that 不能用which。 ①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：
This is all that I want from the school.③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：
The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：
The first leon that I learned will never be forgotten.由wh -开头的特殊疑问句
Who is the man that you are talking about? 练习：that 与 which 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise， ______ brought her heart into her mouth.(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。 ①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.②先行词为those, he和people时。如：
Those who want to go please sign your names here.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
定语从句练习
The foreign guests,
were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A．most of them
B．most of whom
C．most of that
D．most of those He was the very one of the students who
praised at the cla meeting.
A．was
B．were C．is
D．are The balls are solid,
makes them very heavy.
it
B．what C．which D．that
The scientist and his achievements
you told me about are admired by us.
who
B．that
C．which D． /
He is working hard,
will make him pa the final exam.
who
B．that
C．which D．it
The museum
we are going to visit is far form our school.
where B．that
C．it
D．as
Which of the two sheep
you keep produces more milk?
that
B．which C．what D．they
The weather turned out to be very good,
was more than we could expect.B．which
C．that
D．it
Finally, the thief handed everything
he had stolen to the police.
which B．what
C．whatever D．that
Tom as well as his friends who
football matches
to school today.
likes; hasn’t gone
B．likes; haven’t gone
C．like; hasn’t gone
D．like; haven’t gone We should learn from those
are ready to help others.
A．what
A．who
B．whom C．whose D．they 12.I have two brothers,
are doctors.
A．both of them
B．both of who
C．both of whom
D．both of they 13.Everything
can be done should be done.
A．which B．that
C．all
D．where 14.Is oxygen the only gas
helps fire burn?
A．that
B．/
C．which D．what
15.The first place
we visited in that city was a big factory.
A．where B．in which C．that
D．which
16.Which is the largest bridge
was built acro the river?
A．that
B．which C．where D．on which 17.Please pa me the dictionary
cover is black.
A．which B．its
C．whose D．which of 18.This is the very place
I’m wishing to live in.
A．where B．which C．that
D．in which 19.She always gives in to those _____ have money.
A．in which B．who
C．that
D．which
二、从下框中选择合适的关系代词填空。
that; which; who; whose; 不填
This is the village ______ I ever visited last year.
I will always remember the days ______ we spent in the village. I will never forget the boy ______ ever helped me. He lives in the room ______ door is green.
This is the best movie ______ we have seen this year. The trees _____ stand by the river have been green. These are the very books _____ I am looking for. It was the largest map _____ I had even seen. He made notes of everything _____ he read.
10.Yesterday I met the teacher _____ once taught us maths.
