四年级英语上册语法知识总结
缩写与完全形式的转换
let’s = let us
who’s = who is
where’s = where is
what’s = what is
it’s = it is
he’s = he is
she’s = she is
I’m = I am
can’t = can not
don’t = do not
isn’t = is not
aren’t = are not they’re = they are
doesn’t = does not
反义词类
big(反义词)small / little
short(反义词)tall / long strong(反义词)weak / thin
new(反义词)old / young fat(反义词)thin
open(反义词) close turn on (反义) turn off
right(反义)wrong / left like (反义词)hate
heavy (反义词)light
名词变复数规则
1、一般情况下直接在名词词尾加上-s。
eg: book— books
dog — dogs
cake — cakes
2、以 s , x , sh, ch结尾的名词,在名词后面加上 - es。 eg: bus — buses
cla — claes
gla — glaes
box — boxes
fox — foxes
wish(希望) — wishes
fish(鱼)— fishes
watch(手表)— watches
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加上-es。 story(故事)stories
candy (糖果)— candies
4、以 f 或者fe结尾的名词,变 f / fe 为v 再加上- es。
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eg:knife (小刀)— knives
wolf(狼)— wolves 动词变化doing(现在分词/动名词)的规则
1、一般在动词词尾加上- ing。
eg:play(玩)— playing 【特殊】
see (看见) — seeing
clean(打扫)— cleaning
help(帮助)— helping
eat(吃)— eating
turn(转变)—turning
2、以字母e 结尾的动词,把e 去掉再加上-ing。
eg:come(来)— coming
like(喜欢)— likng
have(有)— having
love(喜欢)— loving
take(拿走)— taking
3、以一个元音字母加上一个辅音字母结尾的动词,一般情况下,双....写该辅音字母再加上 -ing。
eg:put(放)— putting
swim(游泳)— swimming
hop(跳高)— hopping
注意:
1、have (第三人称单数)has
like(第三人称单数)likes
speak(第三人称单数)speaks
2、speak + 某种语言
表示:“说……语言”
3、There + be + 某物 + 某处
表示:“某处有某物”
4、五个元音字母:
Aa
Ee
Ii
Oo
Uu 元音音素开头的单个可数名词前要用冠词an
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