政府工作报告中英文（精选多篇）

发布时间：2020-11-12 08:34:01 来源：工作报告收藏本文下载本文手机版

推荐第1篇：政府工作报告中英文

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

2012政府工作报告

各位代表：现在，我代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

一、2009年工作回顾

2009年是新世纪以来我国经济发展最为困难的一年。去年这个时候，国际金融危机还在扩散蔓延，世界经济深度衰退，我国经济受到严重冲击，出口大幅下降，不少企业经营困难，有的甚至停产倒闭，失业人员大量增加，农民工大批返乡，经济增速陡然下滑。在异常困难的情况下，全国各族人民在中国共产党的坚强领导下，坚定信心，迎难而上，顽强拼搏，从容应对国际金融危机冲击，在世界率先实现经济回升向好，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。国内生产总值达到33.5万亿元，比上年增长8.7％；财政收入6.85万亿元，增长11.7％；粮食产量53082万吨，再创历史新高，实现连续６年增产；城镇新增就业1102万人；城镇居民人均可支配收入17175元，农村居民人均纯收入5153元，实际增长9.8％和8.5％。我国在全面建设小康社会道路上又迈出坚实的一步。实践再次证明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程。

过去的一年，极不平凡，令人振奋。我们隆重庆祝新中国成立60周年。抚今追昔，伟大祖国的辉煌成就极大地激发了全国人民的自信心和自豪感，极大地增强了中华民族的向心力和凝聚力，极大地提升了我国的国际地位和影响力，必将激励我们在中国特色社会主义道路上继续奋勇前进。

一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

（一）加强和改善宏观调控，促进经济平稳较快发展。我们实行积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，全面实施并不断完善应对国际金融危机的一揽子计划。大规模增加财政支出和实行结构性减税，保持货币信贷快速增长，提高货币政策的可持续性，扩大直接融资规模，满足经济社会发展的资金需求，有效扩大了内需，很快扭转了经济增速下滑趋势。

着力扩大居民消费。我们鼓励消费的政策领域之宽、力度之大、受惠面之广前所未有。中央财政投入资金450亿元，补贴家电汽车摩托车下乡、汽车家电以旧换新和农机具购置。减半征收小排量汽车购置税，减免住房交易相关税收，支持自住性住房消费。全年汽车销售1364万辆，增长46.2％；商品房销售9.37亿平方米，增长42.1％；社会消费品零售总额实际增长16.9％，消费对经济增长的拉动作用明显增强。

促进投资快速增长。我们发挥政府投资“四两拨千斤”的作用，引导带动社会投资。实施两年新增４万亿元的投资计划。2009年中央政府公共投资9243亿元，比上年预算增加5038亿元，其中，

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

保障性住房、农村民生工程、社会事业投资占44％，自主创新、结构调整、节能减排和生态建设占16％，重大基础设施建设占23％，灾后恢复重建占14％。全社会固定资产投资增长30.1％，投资结构进一步优化。投资快速增长有效弥补了外需下降的缺口，加强了薄弱环节，为经济社会长远发展奠定了坚实的基础。

我们加快推进汶川地震灾后恢复重建，重灾区已完成投资6545亿元，占规划总投资的65.5％。国家的大力支持，全国人民的无私援助，灾区群众的艰苦奋斗，使遭受重大创伤的灾区呈现出崭新面貌。一座座新城拔地而起，一个个村庄焕发出蓬勃生机。这充分体现了中华民族的无疆大爱，有力彰显了社会主义制度的无比优越。

（二）大力调整经济结构，夯实长远发展基础。我们把保增长与调结构紧密结合起来，加快解决制约经济发展的结构性矛盾。

“三农”工作进一步加强。中央财政用于“三农”的支出7253亿元，增长21.8％。大幅度提高粮食最低收购价。启动实施全国新增千亿斤粮食生产能力建设规划。继续改善农村生产生活条件，农村饮水安全工程使6069万农民受益，新增510万沼气用户，新建和改造农村公路３８万公里、农村电网线路26.6万公里，又有80万户农村危房得到改造，9.2万户游牧民实现了定居。我们加大扶贫力度，贫困地区的生产生活条件得到明显改善。

产业结构调整力度加大。制定并实施十大重点产业调整振兴规划。鼓励企业加快技术改造，安排200亿元技改专项资金支持4441个技改项目。重点行业兼并重组取得新进展。下大力气抑制部分行业产能过剩和重复建设，关停小火电机组2617万千瓦，淘汰落后的炼钢产能1691万吨、炼铁产能2113万吨、水泥产能7416万吨、焦炭产能1809万吨。加快实施国家科技重大专项，中央财政用于科技的支出1512亿元，增长30％。积极支持自主创新产品推广应用，清洁能源、第三代移动通信等一批新兴产业快速发展。大力加强基础设施建设，新建铁路投入运营5557公里，高速公路新建通车4719公里，城市轨道交通建设加快，新建、改扩建民用机场35个；新增发电装机8970万千瓦，西气东输二线西段工程实现供气，南水北调工程建设加快推进，6183座病险水库除险加固工程开工建设。

节能减排和环境保护扎实推进。安排预算内资金，支持重点节能工程、循环经济等项目2983个；实施节能产品惠民工程，推广节能空调500多万台、高效照明灯具1.5亿只。继续推进林业重点生态工程建设，完成造林588万公顷，森林覆盖率达到20.36％。综合治理水土流失面积4.8万平方公里。加强“三河三湖”等重点流域水污染防治和工业废水废气废渣治理。“十一五”前四年累计单位国内生产总值能耗下降14.38％，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分别下降9.66％和13.14％。

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

积极开展应对气候变化工作，明确提出2020年我国控制温室气体排放行动目标和政策措施。气象预报预警和地震监测工作得到加强，灾害防御能力不断提升。

区域协调发展迈出新步伐。深入实施区域发展总体战略，制定若干区域发展重大规划和政策。中西部和东北地区加快开放开发，积极承接产业转移，发展基础不断夯实；东部地区加快结构调整和自主创新，经济发展活力增强。区域发展呈现布局改善、结构优化、协调性提高的良好态势。

（三）坚持深化改革开放，不断完善有利于科学发展的体制机制。我们把深化改革开放作为应对国际金融危机的强大动力，努力消除体制障碍，不断提高对外开放水平。

重点领域和关键环节改革加快推进。增值税转型全面实施。成品油价格和税费改革顺利推进，新的成品油价格形成机制规范运行。国家开发银行商业化转型和农业银行股份制改革扎实推进，跨境贸易人民币结算试点启动实施。创业板正式推出，为自主创新及其他成长型创业企业开辟了新的融资渠道。地方政府机构改革有序开展，事业单位分类改革试点稳步进行。集体林权制度改革全面推开，１亿公顷林地确权到户，占全国集体林地面积的60％，这是继土地家庭承包之后我国农村经营制度的又一重大变革。

开放型经济水平不断提高。出台一系列稳定外需的政策措施，采取符合国际惯例的方式支持出口企业，完成短期出口信用保险承保900亿美元，安排421亿美元大型成套设备出口融资保险。鼓励增加进口。去年下半年开始进出口降幅明显收窄，国际市场份额得到巩固，全年进出口总额2.2万亿美元。扭转利用外资下降局面，全年实际利用外商直接投资900亿美元。企业“走出去”逆势上扬，非金融类对外直接投资和对外工程承包营业额分别达433亿美元和777亿美元。积极参与国际宏观经济政策对话协调和经贸金融合作，在共同应对国际金融危机中发挥了建设性作用。

（四）着力改善民生，加快发展社会事业。在应对国际金融危机的困难情况下，我们更加注重保障和改善民生，切实解决人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题。

实施更加积极的就业政策。强化政府促进就业的责任。中央财政安排就业专项资金426亿元，比上年增长59％。实施困难企业缓缴社会保险费或降低部分费率、再就业税收减免及提供相关补贴等政策，鼓励企业稳定和增加就业。开展系列就业服务活动，多渠道开辟公益性就业岗位，促进高校毕业生到基层就业、应征入伍和到企事业单位就业见习。全年组织2100万城乡劳动者参加职业培训。这些措施促进了就业的基本稳定。

加快完善社会保障体系。普遍建立养老保险省级统筹制度，出台包括农民工在内的城镇企业职工养老保险关系转移接续办法。在320个县开展新型农村社会养老保险试点，推动我国社会保障制度建设迈出历史性步伐。中央财政安排社会保障资金2906亿元，比上年增长16.6％。企业退休人

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

员基本养老金连续５年增加，去年又人均提高10％。农村五保户供养水平、优抚对象抚恤补助标准、城乡低保对象保障水平都有新的提高。中央财政安排保障性安居工程补助资金551亿元，比上年增长２倍。新建、改扩建各类保障性住房200万套，棚户区改造解决住房130万套。全国社会保障基金积累6927亿元，比上年增长44.2％。社会保障体系得到加强。

进一步促进教育公平。大幅度增加全国教育支出，其中中央财政支出1981亿元，比上年增长23.6％。全面落实城乡义务教育政策，中央下达农村义务教育经费666亿元，提前一年实现农村中小学生人均公用经费500元和300元的目标。实行义务教育阶段教师绩效工资制度。中等职业学校农村家庭经济困难学生和涉农专业学生免学费政策开始实施。国家助学制度不断完善，资助学生2871万人，基本保障了困难家庭的孩子不因贫困而失学。

稳步推进医药卫生事业改革发展。组织实施医药卫生体制改革。中央财政医疗卫生支出1277亿元，比上年增长49.5％。城镇职工和城镇居民基本医疗保险参保4.01亿人，新型农村合作医疗制度覆盖8.3亿人。中央财政安排429亿元，解决关闭破产国有企业退休人员医疗保险问题。基本药物制度在30％的基层医疗卫生机构实施。中央财政支持建设了一批县级医院、乡镇中心卫生院和社区卫生服务中心。启动实施扩大乙肝疫苗接种等重大公共卫生服务专项。加强食品、药品安全专项整治。面对突如其来的甲型Ｈ１Ｎ１流感疫情，我们依法科学有序地开展防控工作，有效保障了人民群众生命安全，维护了社会正常秩序。

在国际金融危机严重冲击、世界经济负增长的背景下，我国取得这样的成绩极为不易。这是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央统揽全局、正确领导的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民和衷共济、团结奋斗的结果。在这里，我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚的感谢！

一年来，我们认真贯彻落实科学发展观，积极应对国际金融危机，全面做好政府工作，有以下几点体会：必须坚持运用市场机制和宏观调控两种手段，在坚持市场经济改革方向、发挥市场配置资源基础性作用、激发市场活力的同时，充分发挥我国社会主义制度决策高效、组织有力、集中力量办大事的优势。必须坚持处理好短期和长期两方面关系，注重远近结合、标本兼治，既克服短期困难、解决突出矛盾，又加强重点领域和薄弱环节、为长远发展奠定基础。必须坚持统筹国内国际两个大局，把扩大内需作为长期战略方针，坚定不移地实行互利共赢的开放战略，加快形成内需外需协调拉动经济增长的格局。必须坚持发展经济与改善民生、维护社会公平正义的内在统一，围绕改善民生谋发展，把改善民生作为经济发展的出发点、落脚点和持久动力，着眼维护公平正义，让

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

全体人民共享改革发展成果，促进社会和谐稳定。必须坚持发挥中央和地方两个积极性，既强调统一思想、顾全大局，又鼓励因地制宜、探索创新，形成共克时艰的强大合力。这些经验对我们坚持中国特色社会主义道路，提高驾驭社会主义市场经济能力，推进现代化进程，具有重要而深远的意义。

二、2010年主要任务

今年是继续应对国际金融危机、保持经济平稳较快发展、加快转变经济发展方式的关键一年，是全面实现“十一五”规划目标、为“十二五”发展打好基础的重要一年。

今年发展环境虽然有可能好于去年，但是面临的形势极为复杂。各种积极变化和不利影响此长彼消，短期问题和长期矛盾相互交织，国内因素和国际因素相互影响，经济社会发展中“两难”问题增多。从国际看，世界经济有望恢复性增长，国际金融市场渐趋稳定，经济全球化深入发展的大趋势没有改变，世界经济格局大变革、大调整孕育着新的发展机遇。同时，世界经济复苏的基础仍然脆弱，金融领域风险没有完全消除，各国刺激政策退出抉择艰难，国际大宗商品价格和主要货币汇率可能加剧波动，贸易保护主义明显抬头，加上气候变化、粮食安全、能源资源等全球性问题错综复杂，外部环境不稳定、不确定因素依然很多。从国内看，我国仍处在重要战略机遇期。经济回升向好的基础进一步巩固，市场信心增强，扩大内需和改善民生的政策效应继续显现，企业适应市场变化的能力和竞争力不断提高。但是，经济社会发展中仍然存在一些突出矛盾和问题。经济增长内生动力不足，自主创新能力不强，部分行业产能过剩矛盾突出，结构调整难度加大；就业压力总体上持续增加和结构性用工短缺的矛盾并存；农业稳定发展和农民持续增收的基础不稳固；财政金融领域潜在风险增加；医疗、教育、住房、收入分配、社会管理等方面的突出问题亟待解决。我们必须全面、正确判断形势，决不能把经济回升向好的趋势等同于经济运行根本好转。要增强忧患意识，充分利用有利条件和积极因素，努力化解矛盾，更加周密地做好应对各种风险和挑战的准备，牢牢把握工作的主动权。

做好今年的政府工作，要认真贯彻党的十七大和十七届三中、四中全会精神，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，着力搞好宏观调控和保持经济平稳较快发展，着力加快经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整，着力推进改革开放和自主创新，着力改善民生和促进社会和谐稳定，全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，加快全面建设小康社会进程，努力实现经济社会又好又快发展。

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长８％左右；城镇新增就业900万人以上，城镇登记失业率控制在4.6％以内；居民消费价格涨幅３％左右；国际收支状况改善。这里要

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着重说明，提出国内生产总值增长８％左右，主要是强调好字当头，引导各方面把工作重点放到转变经济发展方式、调整经济结构上来。提出居民消费价格涨幅３％左右，综合考虑了去年价格变动的翘尾因素、国际大宗商品价格的传导效应、国内货币信贷增长的滞后影响以及居民的承受能力，并为资源环境税费和资源性产品价格改革留有一定空间。

今年要重点抓好八个方面工作：

（一）提高宏观调控水平，保持经济平稳较快发展

要继续实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，保持政策的连续性和稳定性，根据新形势新情况不断提高政策的针对性和灵活性，把握好政策实施的力度、节奏和重点。处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理通胀预期的关系。既要保持足够的政策力度、巩固经济回升向好的势头，又要加快经济结构调整、推动经济发展方式转变取得实质性进展，还要管理好通胀预期、稳定物价总水平。

继续实施积极的财政政策。一是保持适度的财政赤字和国债规模。今年拟安排财政赤字10500亿元，其中中央财政赤字8500亿元，继续代发地方债2000亿元并纳入地方财政预算。这样的安排主要是考虑到今年财政收支矛盾仍然十分突出。从财政收入看，上年一次性特殊增收措施没有或减少了，还要继续实施结构性减税政策，财政收入增长不会太快；从财政支出看，继续实施应对国际金融危机的一揽子计划，完成在建项目、加强薄弱环节、推进改革、改善民生、维护稳定等都需要增加投入。二是继续实施结构性减税政策，促进扩大内需和经济结构调整。三是优化财政支出结构，有保有压，把钱花在刀刃上。继续向“三农”、民生、社会事业等领域倾斜，支持节能环保、自主创新和欠发达地区的建设。严格控制一般性支出，大力压缩公用经费。四是切实加强政府性债务管理，增强内外部约束力，有效防范和化解潜在财政风险。同时，要依法加强税收征管和非税收入管理，严厉打击偷骗税行为，做到应收尽收。

继续实施适度宽松的货币政策。一是保持货币信贷合理充裕。今年广义货币Ｍ２增长目标为17％左右，新增人民币贷款7.5万亿元左右。这两个指标虽然都低于去年实际执行结果，但仍然是适度宽松的政策目标，能够满足经济社会发展的合理资金需求。同时也有利于管理好通胀预期、提高金融支持经济发展的可持续性。二是优化信贷结构。落实有保有控的信贷政策，加强对重点领域和薄弱环节的支持，有效缓解农户和小企业融资难问题，严格控制对“两高”行业和产能过剩行业的贷款。强化贷后管理，确保信贷资金支持实体经济。三是积极扩大直接融资。完善多层次资本市场体系，扩大股权和债券融资规模，更好地满足多样化投融资需求。四是加强风险管理，提高金融监管有效性。探索建立宏观审慎管理制度，强化对跨境资本流动的有效监控，防范各类金融风险。

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继续完善人民币汇率形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上的基本稳定。

积极扩大居民消费需求。继续提高农民收入、企业退休人员基本养老金、部分优抚对象待遇和城乡居民最低生活保障水平，增强居民特别是中低收入者消费能力。巩固扩大传统消费，积极培育信息、旅游、文化、健身、培训、养老、家庭服务等消费热点，促进消费结构优化升级。扩大消费信贷。加强商贸流通体系等基础设施建设，积极发展电子商务。整顿和规范市场秩序，努力营造便利、安全、放心的消费环境。继续实施和完善鼓励消费的各项政策措施。大幅提高家电下乡产品最高限价，增加品种和型号，扩大补贴范围，完善补贴标准和办法，加强对中标企业的管理和考核，提高产品质量和服务水平；完善家电、汽车以旧换新和汽车、摩托车下乡政策，小排量汽车购置税按7.5％征收。我们一定要落实好这些政策措施，把好事办好，真正让广大群众得到实惠。

着力优化投资结构。各级政府投资都要集中力量保重点，严格控制新开工项目，资金安排主要用于项目续建和收尾，切实防止出现“半拉子”工程。扎实推进地震灾区恢复重建，保质保量完成任务。鼓励扩大民间投资，完善和落实促进民间投资的相关政策。加强和改进投资管理，严格执行用地、节能、环保、安全等市场准入标准和产业政策，切实防止重复建设。对有财政资金投入的建设项目，要加强全程监督，坚决避免以扩大内需为名，搞劳民伤财的形象工程和政绩工程。坚持科学民主决策，确保公共投资真正用于推进经济社会发展和改善人民生活，经得起实践和历史的检验。

（二）加快转变经济发展方式，调整优化经济结构

转变经济发展方式刻不容缓。要大力推动经济进入创新驱动、内生增长的发展轨道。

继续推进重点产业调整振兴。一是加大技术改造力度。用好技改专项资金，引导企业开发新产品和节能降耗。二是促进企业兼并重组。打破行业垄断和地区封锁，推动优势企业兼并困难企业，加快淘汰落后产能。三是全面提升产品质量。引导企业以品牌、标准、服务和效益为重点，健全质量管理体系，强化社会责任。切实加强市场监管和诚信体系建设，努力把我国产品质量提高到新水平。

大力培育战略性新兴产业。国际金融危机正在催生新的科技革命和产业革命。发展战略性新兴产业，抢占经济科技制高点，决定国家的未来，必须抓住机遇，明确重点，有所作为。要大力发展新能源、新材料、节能环保、生物医药、信息网络和高端制造产业。积极推进新能源汽车、“三网”融合取得实质性进展，加快物联网的研发应用。加大对战略性新兴产业的投入和政策支持。

进一步促进中小企业发展。一是建立和完善中小企业服务体系。抓紧修订中小企业划分标准，加快中小企业公共服务平台、信息服务网络和小企业创业基地建设，进一步减少、简化行政审批，坚决清理和取消不合理收费。二是继续落实财政对中小企业支持政策。中央财政扶持中小企业发展

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专项资金安排106亿元。对部分小型微利企业实行所得税优惠政策。中央财政预算内技术改造专项投资要覆盖中小企业，地方政府也要加大投入。三是加强对中小企业的金融支持。完善小企业信贷考核体系。鼓励建立小企业贷款风险补偿基金。中小企业贷款税前全额拨备损失准备金。发展多层次中小企业信用担保体系，落实好对符合条件的中小企业信用担保机构免征营业税、准备金提取和代偿损失在税前扣除的政策。拓宽中小企业融资渠道，切实解决中小企业特别是小企业融资难问题。

加快发展服务业。进一步提高服务业发展水平和在国民经济中的比重。大力发展金融、物流、信息、研发、工业设计、商务、节能环保服务等面向生产的服务业，促进服务业与现代制造业有机融合。大力发展市政公用事业、房地产和物业服务、社区服务等面向民生的服务业，加快发展旅游业，积极拓展新型服务领域。农村服务业基础薄弱、发展潜力大，要加快构建和完善以生产销售、科技信息和金融服务为主体的农村生产生活服务体系。加快建立公开平等规范的服务业准入制度，鼓励社会资本进入。进一步完善促进服务业发展的政策，逐步实现国家鼓励类服务业用电、用水、用气、用热与工业基本同价。

打好节能减排攻坚战和持久战。一要以工业、交通、建筑为重点，大力推进节能，提高能源效率。扎实推进十大重点节能工程、千家企业节能行动和节能产品惠民工程，形成全社会节能的良好风尚。今年要新增8000万吨标准煤的节能能力。所有燃煤机组都要加快建设并运行烟气脱硫设施。二要加强环境保护。积极推进重点流域区域环境治理及城镇污水垃圾处理、农业面源污染治理、重金属污染综合整治等工作。新增城镇污水日处理能力1500万立方米、垃圾日处理能力６万吨。三要积极发展循环经济和节能环保产业。支持循环经济技术研发、示范推广和能力建设。抓好节能、节水、节地、节材工作。推进矿产资源综合利用、工业废物回收利用、余热余压发电和生活垃圾资源化利用。合理开发利用和保护海洋资源。四要积极应对气候变化。加强适应和减缓气候变化的能力建设。大力开发低碳技术，推广高效节能技术，积极发展新能源和可再生能源，加强智能电网建设。加快国土绿化进程，增加森林碳汇，新增造林面积不低于592万公顷。要努力建设以低碳排放为特征的产业体系和消费模式，积极参与应对气候变化国际合作，推动全球应对气候变化取得新进展。

推进区域经济协调发展。继续深入推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。认真落实促进区域经济社会发展的各项规划和政策。加快推进主体功能区建设。加强对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区和贫困地区的支持。重点抓好西藏和四省藏区、新疆经济社会发展政策的制定和实施工作。实施区域发展总体战略，重在发挥各地比较优势，有针对性地解决各地发展中的突出矛盾和问题；重在扭转区域经济社会发展差距扩大的

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趋势，增强发展的协调性；重在加快完善公共财政体系，促进基本公共服务均等化。

（三）加大统筹城乡发展力度，强化农业农村发展基础

在连续６年增产增收之后，更要毫不松懈地抓好“三农”工作。要按照统筹城乡发展的要求，坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全部工作的重中之重，进一步强化强农惠农政策，协调推进工业化、城镇化和农业农村现代化，巩固和发展农业农村好形势。

促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收。稳定粮食生产，扩大油料种植面积，增加重要紧缺农产品供应，大规模开展粮棉油糖高产创建，大规模开展园艺产品生产和畜牧水产养殖标准化创建，保障“米袋子”、“菜篮子”安全。继续实施对种粮农民直接补贴，增加农资综合补贴、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴，中央财政拟安排补贴资金1335亿元，比上年增加60.4亿元。进一步提高粮食最低收购价，早籼稻、中晚籼稻、粳稻每50公斤分别提高３元、５元和１０元，小麦每50公斤提高３元，继续实施重要农产品临时收储政策，让农民得到更多实惠。加强对产粮大县、养猪大县、养牛大县的财政扶持。大力发展农产品加工业，推进农业产业化经营，支持批发市场和农贸市场升级改造，推动生产与市场对接。促进农民就业创业，多渠道增加农民收入。进一步加大扶贫开发力度。我们要坚持不懈地消除贫困落后，让农民群众早日过上富裕安康的生活。

加强农业基础设施建设。坚持财政支出优先支持农业农村发展，预算内固定资产投资优先投向农业基础设施和农村民生工程，土地出让收益优先用于农业土地开发和农村基础设施建设。中央财政拟安排“三农”投入8183亿元，比上年增加930亿元，地方各级财政也要增加投入。以主产区为重点，全面实施全国新增千亿斤粮食生产能力建设规划。以农田水利为重点，加强农业基础设施建设，加快大中型灌区的配套改造，扩大节水灌溉面积，建设高标准农田，完成大中型和重点小型病险水库除险加固任务。以良种培育为重点，加快农业科技创新和推广，实施好转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项。积极推进现代农业示范区建设。加快建设乡镇和区域性农技推广、动植物疫病防控、农产品质量监管等公共服务机构。

深化农村改革。毫不动摇地坚持农村基本经营制度，加快完善有关法律法规和政策，现有土地承包关系要保持稳定并长久不变。加强土地承包经营权流转的管理和服务，在依法自愿有偿流转基础上发展多种形式规模经营。继续推进农村综合改革。完善集体林权制度改革配套政策。启动国有林场改革。继续推进草原基本经营制度改革。发展农民专业合作社，提高农业组织化程度。加快培育小型农村金融机构，积极推广农村小额信用贷款，切实改善农村金融服务。深入推进乡镇机构改革。

统筹推进城镇化和新农村建设。坚持走中国特色城镇化道路，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

展，着力提高城镇综合承载能力，发挥城市对农村的辐射带动作用，促进城镇化和新农村建设良性互动。壮大县域经济，大力加强县城和中心镇基础设施和环境建设，引导非农产业和农村人口有序向小城镇集聚，鼓励返乡农民工就地创业。城乡建设都要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度，切实保护农民合法权益。推进户籍制度改革，放宽中小城市和小城镇落户条件。有计划有步骤地解决好农民工在城镇的就业和生活问题，逐步实现农民工在劳动报酬、子女就学、公共卫生、住房租购以及社会保障方面与城镇居民享有同等待遇。进一步增加农村生产生活设施建设投入，启动新一轮农村电网改造，扩大农村沼气建设规模，今年再解决6000万农村人口的安全饮水问题，实施农村清洁工程，改善农村生产生活条件。我们要让符合条件的农业转移人口逐步变为城镇居民，也要让农民有一个幸福生活的美好家园。

（四）全面实施科教兴国战略和人才强国战略

教育、科技和人才，是国家强盛、民族振兴的基石，也是综合国力的核心。

优先发展教育事业。强国必先强教。只有一流的教育，才能培养一流人才，建设一流国家。要抓紧启动实施国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要。着重抓好五个方面：一是推进教育改革。要解放思想，大胆突破，勇于创新，鼓励试验，对办学体制、教学内容、教育方法、评价制度等进行系统改革。坚持育人为本，大力推进素质教育。探索适应不同类型教育和人才成长的学校管理体制和办学模式，提高办学和人才培养水平。鼓励社会力量兴办教育，满足群众多样化的教育需求。二是促进义务教育均衡发展。在合理布局的基础上，加快推进中西部地区初中校舍改造和全国中小学校舍安全工程，尽快使所有学校的校舍、设备和师资达到规定标准。为农村中小学班级配备多媒体远程教学设备，让广大农村和偏远地区的孩子共享优质教育资源。加强学前教育和特殊教育学校建设。加大对少数民族和民族地区教育的支持。三是继续加强职业教育。以就业为目标，整合教育资源，改进教学方式，着力培养学生的就业创业能力。四是推进高等学校管理体制和招生制度改革。进一步落实高等学校办学自主权，鼓励高等学校适应就业和经济社会发展需要，调整专业和课程设置，推动高等学校人才培养、科技创新和学术发展紧密结合，激励教师专注于教育，努力建设有特色、高水平大学。创建若干一流大学，培养杰出人才。中央财政要加大对中西部高等教育发展的支持。五是加强教师队伍建设。从多方面采取措施，吸引优秀人才投身教育事业，鼓励他们终身从教。重点加强农村义务教育学校教师和校长培训，鼓励优秀教师到农村贫困地区从教。加强师德教育，增强教师的责任感和使命感。教育寄托着亿万家庭对美好生活的期盼，关系着民族素质和国家未来。教育不普及不提高，国家不可能强盛。这个道理我们要永远铭记。

大力发展科学技术。要认真贯彻自主创新的方针，全面推进创新型国家建设。加快实施科技重

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

大专项，着力突破带动技术革命、促进产业振兴的关键科技问题，突破提高健康水平、保障改善民生的重大公益性科技问题，突破增强国际竞争力、维护国家安全的战略高技术问题。前瞻部署生物、纳米、量子调控、信息网络、气候变化、空天海洋等领域基础研究和前沿技术研究。深化科技体制改革，着力解决科技与经济脱节的问题，推动以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系建设，促进科技资源优化配置、开放共享和高效利用。要大力实施知识产权战略，加强知识产权创造、应用和保护。进一步激发广大科技工作者和全社会的创新活力。

加快人才资源开发。人才是第一资源。要统筹推进各类人才队伍建设，突出培养创新型科技人才、经济社会发展重点领域专门人才和高技能人才，积极引进海外高层次人才。建立健全政府、社会、用人单位和个人等多元化的人才培养投入机制，充分发挥市场配置人才资源的基础性作用，努力营造人才辈出、人尽其才的制度环境，建设人力资源强国。

（五）大力加强文化建设

国家发展、民族振兴，不仅需要强大的经济力量，更需要强大的文化力量。文化是一个民族的精神和灵魂，是一个民族真正有力量的决定性因素，可以深刻影响一个国家发展的进程，改变一个民族的命运。没有先进文化的发展，没有全民族文明素质的提高，就不可能真正实现现代化。解放思想、改革开放的时代精神，已经成为推动社会前进的先进文化力量，使中华民族充满生机与活力。

一年来，我们大力发展公益性文化事业，加快推进文化体制改革，加强公共文化服务体系建设，促进文化产业快速成长，繁荣文化市场，有效扩大了内需。新的一年，我们要更加重视和大力加强文化建设。继承和弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化，吸收和借鉴世界各国文明成果，建设中华民族共有精神家园。政府要更好地履行发展公益性文化事业的责任，保障人民群众的基本需求和权益。文化基础设施建设和公共文化资源配置要向基层、特别是农村和中西部地区倾斜，推进美术馆、图书馆、文化馆、博物馆免费开放，丰富人民群众的精神文化生活。要继续推进文化体制改革，扶持公益性文化事业，发展文化产业，鼓励文化创新，培育骨干文化企业，生产更多健康向上的文化产品，满足人民群众多样化的文化需求。促进哲学社会科学、广播影视、新闻出版、档案事业发展，繁荣文学艺术创作，加强文物和非物质文化遗产保护。积极开展对外文化交流，增强中华文化国际影响力。大力发展公共体育事业，广泛开展全民健身运动，提高人民的身体素质。中华民族不仅能够创造经济奇迹，也一定能够创造新的文化辉煌。

（六）着力保障和改善民生，促进社会和谐进步

改善民生是经济发展的根本目的。只有着力保障和改善民生，经济发展才有持久的动力，社会进步才有牢固的基础，国家才能长治久安。

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

千方百计扩大就业。这是保障和改善民生的头等大事。今年就业形势依然严峻，工作上不能有丝毫松懈。要继续实施积极的就业政策。中央财政拟投入433亿元用于促进就业。重点做好高校毕业生、农民工、就业困难人员就业和退伍转业军人就业安置工作。2009年到期的“五缓四减三补贴”就业扶持政策延长一年。加强政策支持和就业指导，鼓励高校毕业生到城乡基层、中西部地区和中小企业就业；拓宽就业、择业、创业渠道，鼓励自主创业、自谋职业等多种形式的灵活就业，以创业带动就业。建立健全公共投资带动就业的机制。继续加强职业技能培训，重点提高农民工和城乡新增劳动力的就业能力。完善就业服务体系，健全劳动力输出输入地区协调协作机制，引导劳动力特别是农民工有序流动。加快建立统一规范的人力资源市场。维护劳动者合法权益，构建和谐的劳动关系。我们要通过持之以恒的努力，创造更多的就业机会，让广大劳动者各尽所能、各得其所。

加快完善覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系。扎实推进新型农村社会养老保险试点，试点范围扩大到23％的县。加快解决未参保集体企业退休人员基本养老保障等遗留问题。将全国130万“老工伤”人员全部纳入工伤保险范围。积极推进农民工参加社会保险。加强城乡低保工作，逐步提高保障水平，切实做到动态管理、应保尽保。加强残疾人社会保障和服务体系建设，进一步落实好扶残助残的各项政策，为他们平等参与社会生活创造更好的环境。企业退休人员基本养老金今年再提高10％。各级政府要进一步增加社会保障投入，中央财政拟安排3185亿元。要多渠道增加全国社会保障基金，加强监管，实现保值增值。鼓励和支持慈善事业发展。我们要加快构建更加完善的社会保障安全网，使人民生活有基本保障、无后顾之忧。

改革收入分配制度。合理的收入分配制度是社会公平正义的重要体现。我们不仅要通过发展经济，把社会财富这个“蛋糕”做大，也要通过合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。要坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，兼顾效率与公平，走共同富裕的道路。一要抓紧制定调整国民收入分配格局的政策措施，逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。加大财政、税收在收入初次分配和再分配中的调节作用。创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入。二要深化垄断行业收入分配制度改革。完善对垄断行业工资总额和工资水平的双重调控政策。严格规范国有企业、金融机构经营管理人员特别是高管的收入，完善监管办法。三要进一步规范收入分配秩序。保护合法收入，调节过高收入，取缔非法收入，逐步形成公开透明、公正合理的收入分配秩序，坚决扭转收入差距扩大的趋势。

促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。要坚决遏制部分城市房价过快上涨势头，满足人民群众的基本住房需求。一是继续大规模实施保障性安居工程。中央财政拟安排保障性住房专项补助资金632亿元，比上年增加81亿元。建设保障性住房300万套，各类棚户区改造住房280万套。扩大农村危

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

房改造试点范围。各级政府要切实负起责任，严格执行年度建设计划，确保土地、资金和优惠政策落实到位。二是继续支持居民自住性住房消费。增加中低价位、中小套型普通商品房用地供应，加快普通商品房项目审批和建设进度。规范发展二手房市场，倡导住房租赁消费。盘活住房租赁市场。三是抑制投机性购房。加大差别化信贷、税收政策执行力度。完善商品房预售制度。四是大力整顿和规范房地产市场秩序。完善土地收入管理使用办法，抑制土地价格过快上涨。加大对圈地不建、捂盘惜售、哄抬房价等违法违规行为的查处力度。

加快推进医药卫生事业改革发展。积极稳妥推进医药卫生体制改革，全面落实五项重点工作。继续扩大基本医疗保障覆盖面。今年要把城镇居民基本医保和新农合的财政补助标准提高到120元，比上年增长50％，并适当提高个人缴费标准。开展农村儿童白血病、先天性心脏病医疗保障试点，尽力为这些不幸的儿童和家庭提供更多帮助。在60％政府举办的基层医疗卫生机构实施基本药物制度，其他医疗机构也要优先选用基本药物。推进基本药物集中采购和统一配送。基本完成城乡基层医疗卫生机构建设规划，大规模开展适宜人才培养和培训。进一步完善支持村卫生室建设和乡村医生发展的政策措施。完善基层医疗卫生机构补偿机制，落实岗位绩效工资。开展社区首诊试点，推动形成基层医疗卫生机构和医院功能区分合理、协作配合、互相转诊的服务体系。切实加强甲型Ｈ１Ｎ１流感等重大传染病防控和慢性病、职业病、地方病防治，提高突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力。开展公立医院改革试点，坚持基本医疗的公益性方向，创新体制机制，充分调动医务人员积极性，提高服务质量，控制医疗费用，改善医患关系。大力支持社会资本兴办医疗卫生机构，在服务准入、医保定点等方面一视同仁。扶持和促进中医药、民族医药事业发展。医药卫生事业改革发展关系人民身体健康和家庭幸福，我们要克服一切困难，把这个世界性难题解决好。

做好人口和计划生育工作。继续稳定低生育水平。做好流动人口计划生育服务工作。落实好农村妇女妇科疾病定期检查和住院分娩补助政策。加强出生缺陷干预，开展免费孕前优生健康检查试点，做好孕产妇和婴幼儿保健工作。继续实施农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度和西部地区少生快富工程。切实保护好妇女和未成年人权益。加强应对人口老龄化战略研究，加快建立健全养老社会服务体系，让老年人安享晚年生活。

（七）坚定不移推进改革，进一步扩大开放

今年要继续深化重点领域和关键环节改革，努力实现新的突破。

我们要继续推进国有经济布局和结构战略性调整。加快大型国有企业特别是中央企业母公司的公司制改革，实现产权多元化，完善法人治理结构。加快推进垄断性行业改革，推进公用事业改革，切实放宽市场准入，积极引入竞争机制。着力营造多种所有制经济公平竞争的市场环境，更好地促

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

进非公有制经济发展。

深化资源性产品价格和环保收费改革，是节约能源资源、保护环境、实现可持续发展的重要举措。要扩大用电大户与发电企业直接交易试点，推行居民用电用水阶梯价格制度，健全可再生能源发电定价和费用分摊机制。完善农业用水价格政策。改革污水处理、垃圾处理收费制度。扩大排污权交易试点。在推进这些改革中要注意协调好各方面利益关系，决不能让低收入群众的基本生活受到影响。

要继续推进财税体制改革。健全公共财政体系。完善财政转移支付制度，加大一般性转移支付，增强地方政府提供基本公共服务的能力。健全省以下财政管理体制，完善县级基本财力保障机制，推进省直管县财政管理方式改革。全面编制中央和地方政府性基金预算，试编社会保险基金预算，完善国有资本经营预算制度。增强财政预算的透明度。继续做好增值税转型工作。推进资源税改革。统一内外资企业和个人城建税、教育费附加制度。

健全金融体系是应对国际金融危机冲击的重要举措。要继续完善国有控股金融机构公司治理，改善经营管理机制，提高风险管控能力。继续推动政策性金融机构改革。稳步推进资产管理公司转型。深化农村信用社改革。推动中小金融机构规范发展。大力发展金融市场，鼓励金融创新。推进跨境贸易人民币结算试点，逐步发展境外人民币金融业务。推进存款保险制度建设。加快发展农业保险。

要按照政事分开、事企分开和管办分离的要求，在科学分类的基础上，积极稳妥推进事业单位改革。

我们的改革是全面的改革，包括经济体制改革、政治体制改革以及其他各领域的改革。没有政治体制改革，经济体制改革和现代化建设就不可能成功。要发展社会主义民主，切实保障人民当家作主的民主权利，特别是选举权、知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权。进一步扩大基层民主，健全基层自治组织和民主管理制度，让广大群众更好地参与管理基层公共事务。要依法治国，健全法制，特别要重视那些规范和监督权力运行的法律制度建设。创新政府立法工作的方法和机制，扩大立法工作的公众参与。

我们要全面适应国际形势变化和国内发展要求，拓展对外开放的广度和深度。

稳定发展对外贸易。今年的主要着力点是拓市场、调结构、促平衡。坚持实施市场多元化战略和以质取胜战略，落实和完善出口退税、出口信贷、出口信用保险等各项政策措施，继续改善海关、质检、外汇等方面的服务。巩固传统市场，大力开拓新兴市场。优化出口产品结构，稳定劳动密集型产品出口，扩大机电产品和高新技术产品出口，大力发展服务贸易和服务外包，努力培育出口品

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

牌和营销网络，继续严格控制“两高一资”产品出口。积极推进加工贸易转型升级。促进进出口平衡发展，重点扩大先进技术装备、关键零部件和国内紧缺物资进口，稳定各项进口促进政策和便利化措施，敦促发达国家放宽高新技术产品出口限制。

推动利用外资和对外投资协调发展。优化利用外资结构，鼓励外资投向高端制造业、高新技术产业、现代服务业、新能源和节能环保产业，鼓励跨国公司在华设立地区总部等各类功能性机构，鼓励中外企业加强研发合作。鼓励外资参与国内企业改组改造和兼并重组，加快建立外资并购安全审查制度。促进“引资”与“引智”相结合。引导外资向中西部地区转移和增加投资。加快实施“走出去”战略，鼓励符合国外市场需求的行业有序向境外转移产能，支持有条件的企业开展海外并购，深化境外资源互利合作，提高对外承包工程和劳务合作的质量。进一步简化各类审批手续，落实企业境外投资自主权。“走出去”的企业要依法经营，规避风险，防止恶性竞争，维护国家整体利益和良好形象。

深化多边双边经贸合作。加强和改善与发达国家的经贸关系，深化与发展中国家的互利合作，认真落实中非务实合作八项新举措。发挥经济高层对话和双边经贸联委会作用。加快自由贸易区建设步伐。积极参与多哈回合谈判，推动早日达成更加合理、平衡的谈判结果。反对各种形式的保护主义，妥善处理贸易摩擦。

上海世博会即将拉开帷幕。要加强与各参展国家、地区和国际组织的合作，把上海世博会办成一届成功、精彩、难忘的盛会，办成一届促进人类文明进步，促进科技创新，促进我国与世界各国交流合作、共同发展的盛会。

（八）努力建设人民满意的服务型政府

一年来，政府自身改革和建设取得新进展。为应对各种困难，我们特别注意发扬民主、倾听基层群众意见，重视维护群众利益。广大公务员兢兢业业、勤勉尽责，为保增长、保民生、保稳定作出了积极贡献。但是政府工作与人民的期望还有较大差距。职能转变不到位，对微观经济干预过多，社会管理和公共服务比较薄弱；一些工作人员依法行政意识不强；一些领导干部脱离群众、脱离实际，形式主义、官僚主义严重；一些领域腐败现象易发多发。我们要以转变职能为核心，深化行政管理体制改革，大力推进服务型政府建设，努力为各类市场主体创造公平的发展环境，为人民群众提供良好的公共服务，维护社会公平正义。

我们要全面正确履行政府职能，更加重视公共服务和社会管理。加快健全覆盖全民的公共服务体系，全面增强基本公共服务能力。健全重大自然灾害、突发公共安全事件应急处理机制。加强防灾减灾能力建设。加强食品药品质量监管，做好安全生产工作，遏制重特大事故发生。

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

要适应新形势，推进社会管理体制改革和创新，合理调节社会利益关系。认真解决企业改制、征地拆迁、环境保护、劳动争议、涉法涉诉等领域损害群众利益的突出问题，保障人民群众的合法权益。加强和改进信访工作。改善流动人口管理和服务。加强社会治安综合治理，着力解决突出治安问题，防范和依法严厉打击各类违法犯罪活动，维护国家安全和社会稳定。

要努力提高执行力和公信力。坚持决策的科学化、民主化，使各项政策更加符合实际、经得起检验。加强对政策执行情况的检查监督，做到令行禁止。强化行政问责，对失职渎职、不作为和乱作为的，要严肃追究责任。各地区、各部门对中央的决策部署要执行有力，绝不允许各自为政。各级行政机关及其公务员要自觉遵守宪法和法律，严格依法行政。切实改进行政执法工作，努力做到规范执法、公正执法、文明执法。加快建立健全决策、执行、监督相互制约又相互协调的行政运行机制。

要把反腐倡廉建设摆在重要位置，这直接关系政权的巩固。各级领导干部特别是高级干部要坚决执行中央关于报告个人经济和财产，包括收入、住房、投资，以及配偶子女从业等重大事项的规定，并自觉接受纪检部门的监督。要把查处违法违纪大案要案，作为反腐败的重要任务。充分发挥监察、审计部门的作用，加强对行政权力运行的监督。要建立健全惩治和预防腐败体系的各项制度，特别要健全公共资源配置、公共资产交易、公共产品生产等领域的管理制度，增强制度约束力。要坚持勤俭行政，反对铺张浪费，不断降低行政成本。严格控制楼堂馆所建设，禁止高档装修办公楼，加快公务接待、公车使用等制度改革，从严控制公费出国出境。切实精简会议和文件，特别要减少那些形式重于内容的会议、庆典和论坛。要深入推进政务公开，完善各类公开办事制度和行政复议制度，创造条件让人民批评政府、监督政府，同时充分发挥新闻舆论的监督作用，让权力在阳光下运行。

我们所做的一切都是要让人民生活得更加幸福、更有尊严，让社会更加公正、更加和谐。

各位代表！

促进民族团结，实现共同进步，是中华民族的生命、力量和希望所在。要巩固和发展平等、团结、互助、和谐的社会主义民族关系。认真落实中央支持少数民族和民族地区发展的政策措施，优先支持边疆民族地区加快发展。加快完成边境一线地区危旧房改造，实施游牧民定居工程。新型农村社会养老保险要优先在边境县、民族地区贫困县试点。加大扶持人口较少民族发展力度。继续推进兴边富民行动。重视保护少数民族文化遗产和民族地区生态环境。切实做好少数民族流动人口公共服务、就业和管理工作，保障他们的合法权益。同时，加强国家意识、公民意识教育，旗帜鲜明地反对民族分裂，维护祖国统一。要让少数民族和民族地区各族群众充分感受到祖国大家庭的温暖。

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

我们要全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，依法管理宗教事务。发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济发展和社会和谐中的积极作用。

我们要认真贯彻党的侨务政策。维护海外侨胞、归侨侨眷的合法权益，支持他们传承中华文化，参与祖国现代化建设和促进和平统一大业。

各位代表！

过去一年，国防和军队现代化建设取得新的成就。人民解放军和武警部队圆满完成国庆首都阅兵、重点地区维稳等重大任务，为维护国家安全和发展利益发挥了重要作用。新的一年，要紧紧围绕党和国家工作大局，着眼全面履行新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，按照革命化现代化正规化相统一的原则，加强军队全面建设。以增强打赢信息化条件下局部战争能力为核心，提高应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事任务的能力。大力加强军队思想政治建设。加快全面建设现代后勤步伐。加强国防科研和武器装备建设。依法治军、从严治军，提高军队正规化水平。积极稳妥地深化国防和军队改革。加强武警部队现代化建设，增强执勤、处置突发事件、反恐、维稳能力。加强国防动员和后备力量建设。各级政府要一如既往地关心支持国防和军队建设，巩固和发展军政军民团结。

各位代表！

我们将坚定不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，全力支持香港、澳门保持长期繁荣稳定。支持香港巩固并提升国际金融、贸易、航运中心地位，发展优势产业，培育新的经济增长点。支持澳门发展旅游休闲产业，促进经济适度多元化。要认真实施珠江三角洲地区改革发展规划纲要，积极推进港珠澳大桥等大型跨境基础设施建设和珠海横琴岛开发，深化粤港澳合作，密切内地与港澳的经济联系。伟大祖国永远是香港、澳门的坚强后盾。只要特别行政区政府与各界人士同心协力，包容共济，共同维护繁荣稳定发展的大局，香港、澳门的明天一定会更加美好。

过去的一年，两岸关系在新的历史起点上取得重要进展，呈现和平发展良好势头。两岸交流合作不断深入，全面直接双向“三通”得以实现。经济关系正常化迈出重要步伐，经济合作制度化建设逐步推进。两岸关系持续改善和发展，给两岸同胞带来了实实在在的利益。在新的一年里，我们要继续坚持发展两岸关系、促进祖国和平统一的大政方针，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展的主题，不断开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。密切两岸经贸金融交往，深化产业合作，支持在大陆的台资企业发展，维护台胞合法权益。鼓励有条件的大陆企业赴台投资。支持海峡西岸经济区在两岸交流合作中发挥先行先试作用。通过商签两岸经济合作框架协议，促进互利共赢，建立具有两岸特色的经济合作机制。拓展文化教育交流，共同弘扬中华文化。加强两岸民众和社会各界交流，共同分享两岸

北京环球时代学校 http://www.daodoc.com/

英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

关系和平发展成果，进一步凝聚推动两岸关系和平发展的共识。坚持大陆和台湾同属一个中国，巩固两岸关系和平发展的政治基础，增强两岸政治互信。我们坚信，全体中华儿女同心协力，祖国完全统一的宏伟大业一定能够实现！

各位代表！

过去的一年，外交工作取得新的重大成绩。我国积极参加应对国际金融危机、气候变化等国际合作，在一系列重大多边会议上发挥了独特的建设性作用。我们积极开展全方位外交，与各大国、周边国家和广大发展中国家的对话合作稳步推进。大力加强人文等领域外交。有效维护我国公民和法人在海外的合法权益。

新中国外交走过了６０年光辉历程，在国际舞台上留下了闪光足迹。我们将继承发扬光荣传统，始终高举和平、发展、合作旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持走和平发展道路，奉行互利共赢的开放战略，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界，为我国现代化建设创造良好的外部环境。新的一年，我们将继续以２０国集团金融峰会等重大多边活动为主要平台，积极参与国际体系变革进程，维护发展中国家利益。统筹协调好双边外交与多边外交、国别区域外交与各领域外交工作，推动我国与各大国、周边国家和发展中国家的关系全面深入发展。紧紧抓住中国－东盟自贸区全面建成、上海合作组织召开峰会等契机，积极推进区域合作。进一步做好应对气候变化、能源资源合作等方面的对外工作，在妥善解决热点问题和全球性问题中发挥建设性作用。中国政府和人民愿与国际社会携手努力，共同应对风险挑战，共同分享发展机遇，为世界和平与发展作出新贡献！

各位代表！

艰辛成就伟业，奋斗创造辉煌。让我们在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，凝聚起亿万人民的智慧和力量，再接再厉，开拓进取，全面完成“十一五”规划的各项任务，不断夺取改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业的新胜利！

注释：

１、应对国际金融危机的一揽子计划：是指我国在应对国际金融危机中出台的一系列政策措施组合。主要包括四个方面：一是全面促进经济平稳较快发展，大规模增加政府投资，实施总额４万亿元的两年投资计划，其中中央政府拟新增1.18万亿元，实行结构性减税，扩大国内需求；二是大范围实施调整振兴产业规划，提高国民经济整体竞争力；三是大力推进自主创新，增强发展后劲；四是大幅度提高社会保障水平，扩大城乡就业，促进社会事业发展。

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英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

２、“三网”融合：是指电信网、广播电视网和互联网融合发展，实现三网互联互通、资源共享，为用户提供话音、数据和广播电视等多种服务。加快推进三网融合对于提高国民经济信息化水平，满足人民群众日益多样的生产、生活服务需求，形成新的经济增长点，具有重要意义。

３、物联网：是指通过信息传感设备，按照约定的协议，把任何物品与互联网连接起来，进行信息交换和通讯，以实现智能化识别、定位、跟踪、监控和管理的一种网络。它是在互联网基础上延伸和扩展的网络。

４、森林碳汇：是指森林系统减少大气中二氧化碳浓度的过程、活动或机制。森林植物在生长过程中通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳、放出氧气，并把大气中的二氧化碳固定在植被和土壤中。

５、“五缓四减三补贴”就业扶持政策：是指为应对国际金融危机，有关部门于2008年底出台的一系列减轻企业负担、稳定就业局势的措施。主要包括：允许困难企业在一定期限内缓缴养老、失业、医疗、工伤、生育五项社会保险费；阶段性降低城镇职工基本医疗保险、失业保险、工伤保险、生育保险等四项社会保险费率；使用失业保险基金向困难企业支付社会保险补贴或岗位补贴，使用就业专项资金支持困难企业开展职工在岗培训。为保持积极就业政策的连续性和稳定性，这些政策的执行期均延长到2010年底。

６、医药卫生体制改革的五项重点工作：是指为深化医药卫生体制改革，实现2020年基本建立覆盖城乡居民的基本医疗卫生制度、实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的改革目标，在2009－2011年需要重点抓好的五项改革。主要包括：加快推进基本医疗保障制度建设，初步建立国家基本药物制度，健全基层医疗卫生服务体系，促进基本公共卫生服务均等化，推进公立医院改革试点。

７、中非务实合作八项新举措：是指2009年11月8日温家宝总理代表中国政府在中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议上宣布的推进中非合作的新措施。主要包括：在建立中非应对气候变化伙伴关系、加强科技合作、增加非洲融资能力、扩大对非产品开放市场、加强农业合作、深化医疗卫生合作、加强人力资源开发和教育合作、扩大人文交流等八个方面，采取一系列措施，推进中非合作。

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Report on the Work of the Government

Delivered at the Third Seion of the 11th National People\'s Congre on March 5, 2010, Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council

Fellow deputies, On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to provide comments and suggestions.

I.Review of work in 2009 The year 2009 was the most difficult year for our country\'s economic development since the beginning of the new century.This time last year the global financial crisis was still spreading, and the world economy was in a deep receion.Our economy was severely affected; our exports decreased significantly; a large number of enterprises had operating difficulties and some even suspended production or closed down; the number of unemployed people increased significantly; many migrant workers had to return to their home villages; and the pace of our economic growth suddenly slowed down.In these unusually difficult circumstances, the people of all our ethnic groups fortified their confidence, tackled difficulties head on, worked tenaciously, and responded calmly to the impact of the global financial crisis under the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC).Our economy was the first in the world to have made a turnaround, and we made major new achievements in reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization.GDP reached 33.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7 percent over the previous year (here and below).Fiscal revenue was 6.85 trillion yuan, up 11.7 percent.Grain production was 530.82 million tons, a new record and an increase for the sixth consecutive year.A total of 11.02 million urban jobs were created.The per- capita disposable income of urban residents was 17,175 yuan, and the net per-capita income of rural residents was 5,153 yuan, up 9.8 percent and 8.5 percent respectively in real terms.We took another steady step along the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Events again

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proved that no difficulties or obstacles can impede the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesivene of the Chinese nation, and raised China\'s international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addreing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The Central Government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners\' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2 percent; commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1 percent; and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9 percent in real terms.Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an

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additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the Central Government\'s public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than that in the previous year\'s budget.Of this, 44 percent was invested in low-income housing, projects to improve the well-being of rural residents, and social programs; 16 percent in independent innovation, structural adjustment, energy conservation, emiions reduction, and ecological improvement; 23 percent in major infrastructure projects; and 14 percent in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed aet investment increased 30.1 percent nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development.We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5 billion yuan, 65.5 percent of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government\'s strong support, the selfle aistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundle love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.The Central Government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas and farmers, an increase of 21.8 percent.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementing the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1 million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a

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result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.We intensified industrial restructuring.We formulated and implemented a plan for restructuring and invigorating 10 key industries.We encouraged enterprises to accelerate technological upgrading, and provided 20 billion yuan to support 4,441 technological upgrading projects.Further progre was made in mergers and reorganization in key industries.We made great efforts to restrict exce production capacity and redundant development in some industries.We closed down 26.17 million kilowatts of small thermal power stations, and eliminated backward facilities with total production capacity of 16.91 million tons in the steelmaking industry, 21.13 million tons in the iron-smelting industry, 74.16 million tons in the cement industry, and 18.09 million tons in the coke industry.We accelerated the implementation of major national science and technology projects, and spent 151.2 billion yuan of Central Government funds on science and technology, an increase of 30 percent.We vigorously supported the widespread use of domestically innovated products, and the development of emerging industries such as clean energy and third-generation mobile communications.We vigorously strengthened infrastructure development; put 5,557 kilometers of newly built railway lines into operation; opened 4,719 kilometers of new expreways to traffic, accelerated urban rail development; and built, renovated or expanded 35 civil airports.We increased the installed power-generating capacity by 89.7 million kilowatts, began supplying gas through the western section of the second line of the project for shipping natural gas from west to east, accelerated construction on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and began reinforcing 6,183 dangerous reservoirs.We made solid progre in conserving energy, reducing emiions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36 percent.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes,

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and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the 11th Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38 percent, and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emiions decreased 9.66 percent and 13.14 percent respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country\'s targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emiions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning, as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development, and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progre in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cro-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We reformed local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial to reform institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the collective forests tenure reform.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60 percent of the country\'s total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China\'s rural operation system after the

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household land contract responsibility system.We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the iuance of short-term export credit insurance worth $90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports.Since the second half of last year, falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises \"went global\" in spite of the adverse situation; non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.4.Striving to improve people\'s well-being and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people\'s well-being and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The Central Government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59 percent.For distreed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide

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pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties—a historic step forward in the development of China\'s social security system.The Central Government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6 percent.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10 percent rise per person.We provided better care for childle and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The Central Government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1.3 million housing units in different types of run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2 percent.We strengthened the social security system.We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including Central Government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6 percent.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of Central Government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system, which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.

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people.The Central Government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30 percent of primary-level medical and healthcare institutions.Central Government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A (H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people\'s lives and maintained normal order in society.It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy.They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, ma organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also expre our sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China\'s modernization.In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development, vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market\'s vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system\'s advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long- and short-term interests, take into account long- and short-term needs, and addre both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in

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order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people\'s well-being and safeguarding social equity and justice; make improving people\'s well-being the focus of development, and the starting point, goal and lasting driving force of economic development; strive to safeguard equity and justice; ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development; and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While streing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the proce of modernization.II.Main Tasks for 2010 This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the economic development pattern.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the 11th Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the 12th Five-Year Plan.Although this year\'s development environment may be better than last year\'s, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak; financial risks have not

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been completely eliminated; individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies; larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies; trade protectionism is clearly reaerting itself; and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people\'s well-being continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Neverthele, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth; our independent innovation capability is not strong; there is still considerable exce production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them; while the preure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor; the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers\' incomes growing steadily is weak; latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing; and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awarene of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.To do a good job in our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the 17th National Party Congre and the third and fourth plenary seions of the 17th Central Committee; take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide; thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development; strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development; work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the economic development pattern; pre ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation; strive to improve people\'s well-being and to promote social harmony and stability; make headway with our efforts to encourage

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socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development; pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects; and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8 percent, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6 percent, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3 percent, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stre that in targeting a GDP increase at around 8 percent, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus their work on transforming the economic development pattern and restructuring the economy.By targeting an increase in consumer prices at around 3 percent, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effect of last year\'s price changes, the ripple effect of price changes for major international commodities, the lagged impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit, and consumers\' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.This year we will focus on the following eight areas.1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development We need to continue implementing a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progre in transforming the economic development pattern.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall price levels stable.We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in Central Government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local

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government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year\'s revenues will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenues, last year\'s one-off measures to increase revenues will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue implementing the policy of structural tax reductions; consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete undergoing projects, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people\'s well-being and maintain stability.Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers and rural areas, and to improving people\'s well-being and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenues in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year\'s target for expanding the broad money supply (M2) is around 17 percent, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are le than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands to fuel economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making the financial support for economic development more sustainable.Second, we will improve credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others; increase support for important areas and weak links; effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businees have in obtaining financing;

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and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and iuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cro-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers\' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people\'s purchasing power, especially that of low- and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitne, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures to encourage consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold in the countryside, increase the types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the qualifying criteria for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5 percent.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly

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controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment; strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection and safety; and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people\'s lives and that will stand the test of practice and history.2.Accelerating the transformation of the economic development pattern and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure We urgently need to transform the economic development pattern.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies, remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises for acquiring enterprises in financial difficulties, and close down backward production facilities more quickly.Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems, focusing on brands, standards, service and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility.We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China\'s products to a new level.We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the

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economic, scientific and technological high ground; therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources and new materials, and boost energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progre in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for claifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them, as well as bases for small busine startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The Central Government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit aement system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan-risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan-lo reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting busine tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for loes from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial

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design, commerce, energy conservation and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people\'s wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair and standardized system for licensing service providers, and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development of the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for government-encouraged service industries to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emiions.First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise energy efficiency, especially in manufacturing industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progre in the 10 major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make energy saving a good habit throughout the society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.We will rapidly develop and employ desulphurization equipment for every coal-fired power generating unit.Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key drainage basins and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D, technology demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and preure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.We will rationally develop, utilize and protect marine resources.Fourth,

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we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies; promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies; develop new and renewable energies; and step up development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.923 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emiions.We will participate in international cooperation to addre climate change, and push for further progre in the global fight against climate change.We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions\' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and making acce to basic public services more equal.3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make it a top priority to solve problems faced by agriculture, rural areas and farmers; further strengthen our policies to support agriculture and benefit farmers; coordinate industrialization, urbanization and agricultural and rural

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modernization; and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable; expand the total area sown with oilseed; increase supplies of important agricultural products in short supply; implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed and sugar; standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry and aquaculture; and ensure the security of the \"rice bag\" (grain supply) and \"vegetable basket\" (non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The Central Government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 3 yuan, 5 yuan and 10 yuan per 50 kilograms respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 3 yuan per 50 kilograms.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products, and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the proceing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businees, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelely to eradicate poverty and backwardne so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed aet investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents; and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The Central Government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will

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comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and medium-sized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized and key small reservoirs.Focusing on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modern agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system; quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies; and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for collective forests tenure reform, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of gralands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will stick to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities; increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns; ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas; and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly flow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage

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returned rural migrant workers to start businees in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest poible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems that rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children\'s education, healthcare, housing and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural production and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development Education, science and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.We will give high priority to education.For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-cla education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and systematically reform school financing system, curricula, teaching methods and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore school management and financing systems that are suitable for different types of education and the development of different talents, so that we can run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet

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people\'s diverse demands for education.Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of junior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and ensure that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as poible.We will provide multimedia distance-learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have acce to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.To help students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods, and focus on improving students\' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.Fourth, we will reform the management and admiion systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development; more intimately integrate personnel training, scientific and technological innovation and academic development; inspire teachers to concentrate on education, and build high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-cla universities that produce outstanding talents.The Central Government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.Fifth, we will improve the teachers\' qualifications.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue a life-long career in education.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and school principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the profeional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and miion.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, and comprehensively build an innovative country.We need to accelerate

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the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key sciences and technologies that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major sciences and technologies related to public welfare and can improve people\'s health and the quality of their lives, and in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country\'s international competitivene and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nanoscience, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of science and technology management system; strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy; promote the development of technological innovation system in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated; and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement intellectual property rights (IPRs) strategy and strengthen the creation, application and protection of IPRs.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.We will accelerate human resources development.Talented personnel are the primary resources.We need to develop all types of human resources in a coordinated and all-round way, with the focus on producing innovative scientists and engineers, and experts and profeionals in key areas of economic and social development, and energetically attract high-caliber personnel from overseas.We will set up a mechanism for diversifying funding for personnel training, so that the government, nongovernmental bodies, employers and employees all do their part.We will make full use of the basic role of market forces in allocating human resources, strive to create an institutional environment conducive to bringing forth talented people in large numbers and tapping their full potential, and make our country rich in human resources.5.Energetically promoting cultural progre To develop the country and rejuvenate the nation, we must not only be economically strong, but more importantly, be culturally strong.Culture is the spirit and soul of a nation, and the determining factor of whether it is truly strong or not.It can profoundly affect the progre of a country\'s development and change the destiny of a nation.If we do not develop an advanced culture and

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improve the whole nation\'s cultural and ethical levels, we cannot truly modernize.Emancipating our minds, and reform and opening up embody the spirit of our times, and they have become an advanced cultural force driving social progre and have filled the Chinese nation with vigor and vitality.Over the past year, we vigorously developed non-profit cultural programs, sped up the reform of cultural management system, improved the system of public cultural services, stimulated the rapid growth of our culture industry, brought prosperity to the culture market, and effectively expanded domestic demand.In this year, we need to pay greater attention to and vigorously promote cultural progre.We will draw upon and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation, draw on and make use of other countries\' cultural achievements, and build a spiritual home shared by the whole Chinese nation.Our government needs to better carry out its responsibility for developing non-profit cultural programs and ensure that the people\'s basic demands are met and that their rights and interests are protected.We will give high priority to the graroots, especially rural areas and the central and western regions while developing cultural infrastructure and allocating public cultural resources; make admiion to more art galleries, libraries, cultural centers and museums free; and enrich people\'s intellectual and cultural activities.We will continue to reform the cultural management system, support non-profit cultural programs, develop the culture industry, encourage cultural innovation, foster leading cultural enterprises, and produce more healthy and inspirational cultural works to meet the diverse cultural needs of our people.We will promote the development of philosophy, the social sciences, radio, television, film, the pre, publishing and archives; make literary and artistic creation flourish; and strengthen the protection of our cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.We will vigorously develop cultural exchanges with foreign countries, and make Chinese culture more influential internationally.We will energetically develop recreational sports, launch an extensive exercise campaign for the general public, and improve the people\'s health.The Chinese nation can not only create economic miracles but also make brilliant new cultural achievements.6.Vigorously ensuring and improving people\'s wellbeing, and promoting social harmony and progre Improving people\'s wellbeing is the fundamental goal of economic development.We can ensure

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that there is sustained impetus for economic development, a solid foundation for social progre, and lasting stability for the country only by working hard to ensure and improve people\'s wellbeing.We will do everything in our power to increase employment.This is the top priority in our work of ensuring and improving people\'s wellbeing.This year the employment situation will still be serious, and we cannot slacken our efforts in the slightest.We need to continue to implement a proactive employment policy.The Central Government will allocate 43.3 billion yuan to stimulate employment.Emphasis will be given to helping college graduates, rural migrant workers, people experiencing employment difficulty, and demobilized military personnel find jobs.The \"five-four-three\" employment support policies, originally scheduled to expire in 2009, will be extended for another year.[These policies allow qualified enterprises to postpone their payments of five types of social security contributions; reduce urban workers\' contributions to four types of insurance funds, namely medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers\' compensation, and maternity insurance; and continue three types of subsidized, enterprise-based job training programs—notes added by the translator] We will increase policy support and employment guidance to encourage college graduates to take community-level jobs in urban and rural areas, and jobs in the central and western regions and in small and medium-sized enterprises.We will expand channels for seeking employment and starting businees.We will encourage different forms of flexible employment, including starting businees and finding jobs independently.We will also encourage job growth through the creation of new businees.We will establish a sound mechanism for stimulating employment through public investment.We will continue to strengthen vocational training, with the focus on increasing the employability of rural migrant workers and new members of the workforce in urban and rural areas.We will improve the career service system, strengthen coordination and cooperation between labor-exporting and labor-importing regions, and guide the orderly flow of workers, especially rural migrant workers.We will accelerate the development of a unified and standardized human resources market.We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers and establish harmonious labor relations.We will work tirelely to create more job opportunities and to enable workers to tap their full potential and find suitable jobs.We will move faster to improve the social security system for both urban and rural residents.We will steadily move forward with the pilot program for a new old-age insurance system for rural

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residents by expanding it to 23 percent of China\'s counties.We will act more quickly to solve longstanding problems, including the lack of basic old-age pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises that do not participate in group pension programs.Workers\' compensation will be extended to all of the 1.3 million workers injured in previous jobs who are not receiving benefits.We will work to extend social security coverage to rural migrant workers.We will strengthen our work on urban and rural subsistence allowances, gradually increase allowances, and ensure that they are managed in a manner that reflects changing conditions and that everyone who is entitled to such allowances receives them.We will work harder to build the social security and social services system for people with a disability, further implement policies for aisting and supporting them, and create a better environment for them to participate in social activities on an equal footing.We will increase basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by 10 percent.Governments at all levels need to spend more on social security, and the Central Government will appropriate 318.5 billion yuan for this purpose.We will increase the country\'s social security funds through multiple channels and strengthen oversight and supervision to maintain and increase their value.We will encourage and support the development of charities.We will move faster to build a better social safety net to provide basic security to people and free them from worries.We will reform the income distribution system.A rational income distribution system is an important manifestation of social fairne and justice.We will not only make the \"pie\" of social wealth bigger by developing the economy, but also distribute it well on the basis of a rational income distribution system.We need to uphold and improve the system in which distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution coexist, give due consideration to efficiency and fairne, and take the path to common prosperity.First, we will promptly formulate policies and measures to adjust the distribution of national income, and gradually increase the individuals\' share of national income and labor\'s share of total income in initial income distribution.We will strengthen the role of fiscal and taxation policies in adjusting income distribution and redistribution.We will create conditions for more people to earn income from property.Second, we will deepen the reform of the income distribution system of monopoly industries.We will improve the policy of dual control over total payroll and wage in these industries.We will set strict standards for the income of executives, especially senior ones, of state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, and improve

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related oversight and supervision rules.Third, we will further standardize the pattern of income distribution.We will protect legitimate income; regulate exceively high income; ban illegal income; gradually form a transparent, fair and rational pattern of income distribution; and resolutely reverse the widening income gap.We will promote the steady and sound development of the real estate market.We will resolutely curb the precipitous rise of housing prices in some cities and satisfy people\'s basic need for housing.First, we will continue to carry out low-income housing projects on a large scale.The Central Government will allocate 63.2 billion yuan for low-income housing, an increase of 8.1 billion yuan over last year.We will build 3 million housing units for low-income families and renovate 2.8 million housing units in run-down areas.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas.Governments at all levels must genuinely take responsibility to ensure that the annual construction plan is strictly carried out and that policies concerning land, funding and preferential treatment are implemented well.Second, we will continue to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners\' residences.We will increase land supply for building small and medium-sized condominiums to be sold at low and medium prices, and expedite the approval procedure for and construction of such housing projects.We will standardize and develop the market for used homes, encourage home renting, and stimulate the rental housing market.Third, we will rein in speculative housing purchases.We will intensify the implementation of differentiated credit and tax policies.We will improve the advance purchase system for commodity housing.Fourth, we will work to rectify and standardize the real estate market.We will improve the methods for managing and using income from land, and keep land prices from rising too fast.We will make greater efforts to deal with violations of laws and regulations such as keeping land unused, property hoarding and price rigging.We will accelerate the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and comprehensively accomplish five key tasks.We will continue to expand the coverage of guaranteed basic medical care.This year we will raise government subsidies on basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and on the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 120 yuan per person per year, up 50 percent from last year, and appropriately increase

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rates for individual contributions.We will carry out a pilot program for ensuring that rural children with leukemia or congenital heart disease receive medical treatment and provide more aistance to these le fortunate children and their families.We will install the basic drug system in 60 percent of the community medical institutions run by the government and urge other medical institutions to give high priority to the use of basic drugs.We will promote the centralized purchase and unified distribution of basic drugs.We will basically complete the plan for building community medical institutions in urban and rural areas, undertake personnel education and training on a large scale, and further improve the policies and measures for supporting the development of village clinics and rural doctors.We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing community medical institutions and link salaries to performance.We will carry out a pilot program for making community medical institutions the first option in medical treatment, and work to create a service system in which hospitals and community medical institutions (each with its own well-defined functions) coordinate and collaborate with each other and refer cases to each other.We will strengthen prevention and control of influenza A (H1N1) and other major communicable diseases as well as chronic, occupational and endemic diseases, and enhance our ability to handle public health emergencies.We will carry out a pilot reform in public hospitals; maintain the non-profit nature of basic medical services; make institutional and procedural innovations; boost the morale of medical workers; raise service quality; control medical costs; and improve relations between medical service providers and consumers.We will energetically support the use of private capital to run medical and healthcare institutions, and such institutions will be treated the same as public hospitals in obtaining operating licenses and providing medical services covered by the public medical insurance system.We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities.The reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields affect the health of the people and the happine of their families; therefore, we must overcome all difficulties and solve this universal problem.We will do a good job in population and family planning work.We will continue to maintain a low birthrate.We will provide good family planning services for the floating population.We will provide regular gynecological examinations and subsidize hospital childbirths for rural women.We will strengthen intervention in birth defects; carry out a pilot program of free pre-pregnancy

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英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

checkups; and provide quality health services for infants, pre-school children, and pregnant and nursing women.We will continue to reward and support eligible rural families that comply with family planning regulations, and carry out the \"lower birthrate equals faster prosperity\" project in the western region.We will take effective measures to protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will intensify strategic research on coping with an aging population and move more quickly to create a sound system of old-age services so that people can live a happy life in their old age.7.Firmly advancing reform and further expanding opening up This year we will continue to deepen reform in key areas and crucial links and work hard to achieve new breakthroughs.We will continue to make strategic adjustments in the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector.We will speed up the reform to introduce the corporate system in large state-owned enterprises, especially parent companies of enterprises under the Central Government, and we will diversify their ownership and improve their corporate governance.We will accelerate the reform of monopoly industries; promote reforms in public utilities; effectively expand market acce; and actively introduce competitive mechanisms.We will create a market environment for fair competition among economic entities under diverse forms of ownership and facilitate stronger growth of the non-public sector.We will deepen the reform of prices for resource products and environmental protection charges.This is an important measure for conserving energy and resources, protecting the environment, and achieving sustainable development.We will expand the trial of direct transactions between major electricity consumers and producers; introduce tiered prices for household consumption of electricity and water; and improve the mechanism of price setting and cost sharing for electricity generated from renewable energy.We will improve the pricing policy for water used in agriculture.We will reform the system of sewage and garbage treatment charges.We will expand the trial of pollution rights trading.While pushing forward these reforms, we will balance the interests of different parties and ensure that the basic living conditions of people with low incomes are not adversely affected.We will continue to reform the fiscal and taxation systems.We will strengthen the public finance system.We will improve the system of transfer payments, increase general transfer payments,

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and enhance the ability of local governments to provide basic public services.We will strengthen the fiscal management system at and below the provincial level, improve a mechanism to ensure basic funding for county governments, and carry forward reforms that place county finances directly under the management of provincial governments.We will draw up budgets for all funds controlled by central and local governments, prepare budgets for social security funds on a trial basis, and improve the budget system for the use of state capital.We will increase the transparency of the fiscal budget.We will continue to make progre in VAT reform.We will carry forward the reform of resource taxes.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges to foreign enterprises and nationals.

Improving the financial system is an important measure for countering the impact of the global financial crisis.We will continue to improve corporate governance in financial institutions in which the state holds a controlling stake, improve their busine management, and raise their ability to manage and control risks.We will continue the reform of policy-based financial institutions.We will steadily promote the transformation of aet management companies.We will deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives.We will promote orderly development of small and medium-sized financial institutions.We will vigorously develop the financial market and encourage financial innovation.We will promote pilot projects for the use of the renminbi in cro-border trade, and gradually develop overseas financial activities using the renminbi.We will continue building the deposit insurance system.We will speed up the development of agricultural insurance.We will actively yet prudently push forward the reform of institutions on the basis of scientific claifications and in accordance with the requirements that government and busine functions be spun off from institutions, and that supervision be separated from day-to-day operations.The reforms we are undertaking, including economic and political restructuring and reforms in all other areas, are comprehensive.Without political restructuring, it would not be poible for economic restructuring and the modernization drive to succeed.We will develop socialist democracy, and effectively safeguard the democratic rights of the people as masters of the country, particularly their rights to vote and to stay informed, participate in, expre views on, and oversee government affairs.We will further expand graroots democracy, strengthen graroots self-governing bodies, and improve the system of democratic administration at the graroots so that the people can better

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英语专业考研 MTI翻译硕士专四专八汉语国际教育硕士日语专业考研等

participate in the management of local public affairs.We will follow the rule of law and improve the legal system, particularly laws concerning the standardization and oversight of the exercise of power.We will innovatively revise the methods and mechanisms of the government\'s legislative work and expand public participation in it.We will fully adapt to changes in the international situation, meet the needs of domestic development, and expand the breadth and depth of opening up.We will steadily develop foreign trade.This year the main focus is on opening new markets and adjusting the structure of and promoting balance in foreign trade.We will adhere to the strategy of diversifying markets and the strategy of competing on quality; implement and improve policies and measures on export tax rebates, export credit, and export credit insurance; and continue to improve services related to the customs, quality inspection and foreign exchange.We will strengthen traditional markets and vigorously develop new markets.We will improve the export mix; stabilize exports of labor-intensive products; increase exports of electromechanical products as well as new- and high-technology products; energetically develop trade in services and service outsourcing; strive to cultivate exports of brand-name products and develop marketing networks; and continue to strictly limit exports of resource products and products whose production consumes large quantities of energy and resources or is highly polluting.We will vigorously promote the transformation and upgrading of the proceing trade.We will promote the balanced development of imports and exports; focus on increasing imports of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts, and goods in short supply domestically; keep all policies and measures for promoting and facilitating imports stable; and urge developed countries to ease export restrictions on new- and high-technology products to China.We will promote coordination between using other countries\' investment in China and making Chinese investment overseas.We will optimize the utilization of foreign investment; encourage more foreign investment in high-end manufacturing, new- and high-technology industries, modern service industries, and the new energy, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries; encourage multinational corporations to set up regional headquarters and other functional agencies in China; and encourage Chinese and foreign enterprises to strengthen cooperation in R&D.We will encourage the use of foreign investment for restructuring, upgrading, merging, and reorganizing

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Chinese companies, and quickly establish a security review system for mergers and acquisitions involving foreign investment.We will work to attract both investment and talent from overseas.We will guide foreign investors to transfer and increase their investments to the central and western regions.We will accelerate the implementation of the \"go global\" strategy; encourage Chinese industries whose products are in demand in foreign markets to transfer their production capacity overseas in an orderly manner; support qualified enterprises to carry out overseas mergers and acquisitions; deepen mutually beneficial cooperation concerning foreign resources; and improve the quality of overseas contracted projects and labor service cooperation.We will further simplify examination and approval procedures, and give enterprises decision-making power over their overseas investments.Enterprises that have \"gone global\" should operate in accordance with the law, avoid risks, prevent vicious competition, and safeguard the country\'s overall interests and good image.We will deepen multilateral and bilateral busine cooperation.We will strengthen and improve busine ties with developed countries, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries, and conscientiously implement the eight new policy measures for China\'s pragmatic cooperation with African countries.We will make full use of the role of high-level economic dialogue and bilateral economic and trade joint commiions.We will quicken the pace of establishing free trade zones.We will actively participate in the Doha round of trade talks to reach a more reasonable and balanced outcome as early as poible.We will oppose protectionism in all forms and properly handle trade frictions.The Shanghai World Expo will open soon.We will strengthen cooperation with all participating countries, regions, and international organizations to make the Expo a succeful, spectacular, and unforgettable event, and one that promotes the progre of human civilization, scientific and technological innovation, and exchanges and cooperation between China and other countries of the world and their common development.8.Working hard to build a service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with Over the past year, new progre was made in government self-reform and self-development.To deal with difficulties of all kinds, we paid particular attention to promoting democracy, listening to the opinions of the public, and protecting their interests.Our civil servants are devoted, diligent and

推荐第2篇：政府工作报告(中英文)

政府工作报告

Report on the Work of the Government

——2016年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上

– Delivered at the Fourth Seion of the 12th National People’s Congre of the People’s Republic of

China on March 5, 2016

国务院总理

李克强

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Esteemed Deputies,

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2015年工作回顾

过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以坚定的信心和非凡的勇气，攻坚克难，开拓进取，经济社会发展稳中有进、稳中有好，完成了全年主要目标任务，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have preed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progre has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列。粮食产量实现“十二连增”，居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平。特别是就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业1312万人，超过全年预期目标，成为经济运行的一大亮点。

– The economy operated within an appropriate range.

GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpaing the year’s target and becoming an economic highlight.

——结构调整取得积极进展。服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占据“半壁江山”。消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%。高技术产业和装备制造业增速快于一般工业。单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%。

– Encouraging progre was made in structural adjustment.

The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.

——发展新动能加快成长。创新驱动发展战略持续推进，互联网与各行业加速融合，新兴产业快速增长。大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。新动能对稳就业、促升级发挥了突出作用，正在推动经济社会发生深刻变革。

– New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progre was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development, the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Busine startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businees rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businees per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.

——人民生活进一步改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%，快于经济增速。去年末居民储蓄存款余额增长8.5%，新增4万多亿元。又解决6434万农村人口饮水安全问题。扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。

– Living standards improved.

Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained acce to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.

科技领域一批创新成果达到国际先进水平，第三代核电技术取得重大进展，国产C919大型客机总装下线，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。对我国发展取得的成就，全国各族人民倍感振奋和自豪！

A number of world-cla innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China’s self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the aembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.

回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。这些成绩，是在极为复杂严峻的国际环境中取得的。去年世界经济增速为6年来最低，国际贸易增速更低，大宗商品价格深度下跌，国际金融市场震荡加剧，对我国经济造成直接冲击和影响。这些成绩，是在国内深层次矛盾凸显、经济下行压力加大的情况下取得的。面对“三期叠加”的局面，经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题，需要远近结合，趋利避害，有效应对。这些成绩，是在我国经济总量超过60万亿元的高基数上取得的。现在国内生产总值每增长1个百分点的增量，相当于5年前1.5个百分点、10年前2.5个百分点的增量。经济规模越大，增长难度随之增加。在困难和压力面前，全国各族人民付出了极大辛劳，一步一步走了过来。这再次表明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中国发展前行的步伐！

These achievements in China’s development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward preure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.

Finally, they were made at a time when China’s economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.

In the face of these difficulties and preures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progreed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.

一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discu the main work we did last year:

一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。去年还积极应对股市、汇市异常波动等金融领域的多种风险挑战，守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.In responding to the mounting downward preure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees acro the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds iued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, leening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment preure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.

二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放力度。我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合

一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 profeional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businees prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate busine license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified busine license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businees were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businees were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into busine and making innovations is rising by the day.

财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施，资源税从价计征范围扩大。取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，全面深化改革的成效正在显现。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progre was made in replacing busine tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cro-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.

坚持以开放促改革促发展。努力稳定对外贸易，调整出口退税负担机制，清理规范进出口环节收费，提高贸易便利化水平，出口结构发生积极变化。外商投资限制性条目减少一半，95%以上实行备案管理，实际使用外资1263亿美元，增长5.6%。非金融类对外直接投资1180亿美元，增长14.7%。推广上海自贸试验区经验，新设广东、天津、福建自贸试验区。人民币加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权货币篮子。亚洲基础设施投资银行正式成立，丝路基金投入运营。签署中韩、中澳自贸协定和中国－东盟自贸区升级议定书。“一带一路”建设成效显现，国际产能合作步伐加快，高铁、核电等中国装备走出去取得突破性进展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for busine.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively, and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progre was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China’s export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.

三是聚焦提质增效，推动产业创新升级。制定实施创新驱动发展战略纲要和意见，出台推动大众创业、万众创新政策举措，落实“互联网+”行动计划，增强经济发展新动力。一大批创客走上创业创新之路。完善农业支持政策，促进农业发展方式加快转变。针对工业增速下降、企业效益下滑，我们一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升。启动实施《中国制造2025》，设立国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金、中小企业发展基金，扩大国家自主创新示范区。积极化解过剩产能，推进企业兼并重组。近三年淘汰落后炼钢炼铁产能9000多万吨、水泥2.3亿吨、平板玻璃7600多万重量箱、电解铝100多万吨。促进生产性、生活性服务业加快发展。狠抓节能减排和环境保护，各项约束性指标超额完成。公布自主减排行动目标，推动国际气候变化谈判取得积极成果。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businees and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businees and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addreing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged busine acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate gla, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emiions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emiions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.

四是着眼开拓发展空间，促进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推进“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。制定实施促进西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。推进户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，加强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives – the Belt and Road Initiative, theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration Initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt Initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We preed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progre in developing new urbanization.

五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续加大。推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成772万套，棚户区住房改造开工601万套，农村危房改造432万户，一大批住房困难家庭圆了安居梦。加快改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件，深化中小学教师职称制度改革，重点高校招收贫困地区农村学生人数又增长10.5%。全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，拓展居民大病保险，建立重特大疾病医疗救助制度、困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。提高低保、优抚、企业退休人员基本养老金等标准，推行机关事业单位养老保险制度改革并完善工资制度。加强基本公共文化服务建设。广大人民群众有了更多获得感。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and busine startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the profeional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of aistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.

六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。有效应对自然灾害和突发事件。加强安全生产监管，事故总量和重特大事故、重点行业事故数量继续下降。推进食品安全创建示范行动。强化社会治安综合治理，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，有力维护了公共安全。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congre and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.

我们深入开展“三严三实”专题教育，锲而不舍落实党中央八项规定精神，坚决纠正“四风”，严格执行国务院“约法三章”。加强行政监察和审计监督。大力推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，一批腐败分子受到惩处。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.

Note:

*To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline; and to be honest in one’s thinking, one’s work, and one’s behavior.

我们隆重纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，集中宣示了我国作为世界反法西斯战争东方主战场的历史地位和重大贡献，彰显了中国人民同各国人民共护和平、共守正义的坚定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggreion and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China’s place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.

一年来，全方位外交成果丰硕。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席联合国系列峰会、二十国集团领导人峰会、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、气候变化大会、东亚合作领导人系列会议、世界经济论坛等重大活动。成功举行中非合作论坛峰会、中欧领导人会晤，启动中拉论坛。同主要大国关系取得新进展，同周边国家务实合作深入推进，同发展中国家友好合作不断拓展，同联合国等国际组织和国际机制的关系全面加强，经济外交、人文交流卓有成效。中国作为负责任大国，在国际和地区事务中发挥了重要的建设性作用。

Over the past year, China’s all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders’ Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Seion of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders’ meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders’ Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progre was made in China’s relations with other major countries; pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened; friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew; relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas; and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽全局、科学决策的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people’s organizations.I expre our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to expre our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.

在充分肯定去年成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到，我国发展中还存在不少困难和问题。受全球贸易萎缩等因素影响，去年我国进出口总额出现下降，预期增长目标未能实现。投资增长乏力，一些行业产能过剩严重，部分企业生产经营困难，地区和行业走势分化，财政收支矛盾突出，资本市场基础性制度还不完善，金融等领域存在风险隐患。人民群众关心的医疗、教育、养老、食品药品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面问题较多，环境污染形势仍很严峻，严重雾霾天气在一些地区时有发生。特别令人痛心的是，去年发生了“东方之星”号客轮翻沉事件和天津港特别重大火灾爆炸等事故，人员伤亡和财产损失惨重，教训极其深刻，必须认真汲取。政府工作还存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落实不到位，少数干部不作为、不会为、乱作为，一些领域的不正之风和腐败问题不容忽视。我们要进一步增强忧患意识和担当意识，下更大力气解决这些问题，始终以民之所望为施政所向，尽心竭力做好政府工作，决不辜负人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distreing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the maive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and lo of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound leons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented; a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly; and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to aume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance; we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。过去五年，我国发展成就举世瞩目。党的十八大以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，面对错综复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，我们继续坚持稳中求进工作总基调，深化改革开放，实施一系列利当前、惠长远的重大举措，“十二五”规划确定的主要目标任务全面完成。一是经济持续较快发展。国内生产总值年均增长7.8%，经济总量稳居世界第二位，成为全球第一货物贸易大国和主要对外投资大国。二是结构调整取得标志性进展。服务业成为第一大产业，工业化与信息化融合加深，农业综合生产能力明显增强。消费成为支撑经济增长的主要力量。超过一半人口居住在城镇。单位国内生产总值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量减少12%以上。三是基础设施水平全面跃升。铁路营业里程达到12.1万公里，其中高速铁路超过1.9万公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通车里程超过12万公里。南水北调东、中线工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移动通信网络。四是科技创新实现重大突破。量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果，载人航天、探月工程、深海探测等项目达到世界先进水平。五是人民生活水平显著提高。居民收入增长快于经济增长，城乡收入差距持续缩小。城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人。城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居。农村贫困人口减少1亿多，解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题。六是社会发展成就斐然。教育公平和质量明显提升。基本医疗保险实现全覆盖，基本养老保险参保率超过80%。文化软实力持续提升。依法治国全面推进。中国特色军事变革成就显著。经过五年努力，我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、国际影响力又上了一个大台阶。

The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impreive achievements were made in China’s development.Since the 18th CPC National Congre in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progre while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we succefully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world’s second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.

Second, milestone progre was achieved in structural adjustments.

Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China’s population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emiions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.

Third, acro-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.

The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world’s total.The length of expreways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world’s largest 4G mobile network was built in China.

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.

Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-cla advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.

Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained acce to safe drinking water.

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.

Significant progre was made in ensuring equal acce to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China’s soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.

“十二五”时期的辉煌成就，充分显示了中国特色社会主义的巨大优越性，集中展现了中国人民的无穷创造力，极大增强了中华民族的自信心和凝聚力，必将激励全国各族人民在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的新征程上奋力前行！

Note:

二、“十三五”时期主要目标任务和重大举措

Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016through 2020.

根据《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》，国务院编制了《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要（草案）》，提交大会审查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Developmentand submitted it to this seion for your review and approval.

《纲要草案》紧紧围绕全面建成小康社会奋斗目标，针对发展不平衡、不协调、不可持续等突出问题，强调要牢固树立和贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，明确了今后五年经济社会发展的主要目标任务，提出了一系列支撑发展的重大政策、重大工程和重大项目，突出了以下六个方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to addre serious iues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, strees the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.

——保持经济中高速增长，推动产业迈向中高端水平。实现全面建成小康社会目标，到2020年国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”时期经济年均增长保持在6.5%以上。加快推进产业结构优化升级，实施一批技术水平高、带动能力强的重大工程。到2020年，先进制造业、现代服务业、战略性新兴产业比重大幅提升，全员劳动生产率从人均8.7万元提高到12万元以上。届时，我国经济总量超过90万亿元，发展的质量和效益明显提高。在我们这样一个人口众多的发展中国家，这将是非常了不起的成就。

– We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China’s aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.

——强化创新引领作用，为发展注入强大动力。创新是引领发展的第一动力，必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，深入实施创新驱动发展战略。启动一批新的国家重大科技项目，建设一批高水平的国家科学中心和技术创新中心，培育壮大一批有国际竞争力的创新型领军企业，建设一批全面创新改革试验区。持续推动大众创业、万众创新。促进大数据、云计算、物联网广泛应用。加快建设质量强国、制造强国、知识产权强国。到2020年，力争在基础研究、应用研究和战略前沿领域取得重大突破，全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.5%，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率达到60%，迈进创新型国家和人才强国行列。

– We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China’s development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-cla national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businees and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China’s investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.

——推进新型城镇化和农业现代化，促进城乡区域协调发展。缩小城乡区域差距，既是调整经济结构的重点，也是释放发展潜力的关键。要深入推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，实现1亿左右农业转移人口和其他常住人口在城镇落户，完成约1亿人居住的棚户区和城中村改造，引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。到2020年，常住人口城镇化率达到60%、户籍人口城镇化率达到45%。实施一批水利、农机、现代种业等工程，推动农业适度规模经营和区域化布局、标准化生产、社会化服务。到2020年，粮食等主要农产品供给和质量安全得到更好保障，农业现代化水平明显提高，新农村建设取得新成效。以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。加强重大基础设施建设，高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。

– We should make progre in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment; it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progre should have been made in developing the new countryside.

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expreways, and achieving full coverage of acce to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.

——推动形成绿色生产生活方式，加快改善生态环境。坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展，持续推进生态文明建设。深入实施大气、水、土壤污染防治行动计划，划定生态空间保护红线，推进山水林田湖生态工程，加强生态保护和修复。今后五年，单位国内生产总值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分别下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆盖率达到23.04%，能源资源开发利用效率大幅提高，生态环境质量总体改善。特别是治理大气雾霾取得明显进展，地级及以上城市空气质量优良天数比率超过80%。我们要持之以恒，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国。

– We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.

We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country’s total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emiions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progre in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tirele efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.

——深化改革开放，构建发展新体制。发展根本上要靠改革开放。必须全面深化改革，坚持和完善基本经济制度，建立现代产权制度，基本建成法治政府，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，加快形成引领经济发展新常态的体制机制和发展方式。“一带一路”建设取得重大进展，国际产能合作实现新的突破。对外贸易向优进优出转变，服务贸易比重显著提升，从贸易大国迈向贸易强国。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，逐步构建高标准自由贸易区网络，基本形成开放型经济新体制新格局。

– We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform acro the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.

We should work for significant progre in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China’s transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force acro the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progreively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.

——持续增进民生福祉，使全体人民共享发展成果。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，努力补齐基本民生保障的短板，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽，解决区域性整体贫困。建立国家基本公共服务项目清单。建立健全更加公平更可持续的社会保障制度。实施义务教育学校标准化、普及高中阶段教育、建设世界一流大学和一流学科等工程，劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限从10.23年提高到10.8年。实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上。完善收入分配制度，缩小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障体系，城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。推进健康中国建设，人均预期寿命提高1岁。积极应对人口老龄化。构建现代公共文化服务体系，实施公民道德建设、中华文化传承等工程。我们既要让人民的物质生活更殷实，又要让人民的精神生活更丰富。

– We need to ensure that continuous progre is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakne in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has acce to secondary education, that China has more world-cla universities and first-cla fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.

We need to work for progre in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.

做好“十三五”时期经济社会发展工作，实现全面建成小康社会目标，必须着力把握好三点。一是牢牢抓住发展第一要务不放松。发展是硬道理，是解决我国所有问题的关键。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要阶段，各种矛盾和风险明显增多。发展如逆水行舟，不进则退。必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，推动科学发展，妥善应对风险挑战，使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航。二是大力推进结构性改革。当前发展中总量问题与结构性问题并存，结构性问题更加突出，要用改革的办法推进结构调整。在适度扩大总需求的同时，突出抓好供给侧结构性改革，既做减法，又做加法，减少无效和低端供给，扩大有效和中高端供给，增加公共产品和公共服务供给，使供给和需求协同促进经济发展，提高全要素生产率，不断解放和发展社会生产力。三是加快新旧发展动能接续转换。经济发展必然会有新旧动能迭代更替的过程，当传统动能由强变弱时，需要新动能异军突起和传统动能转型，形成新的“双引擎”，才能推动经济持续增长、跃上新台阶。当前我国发展正处于这样一个关键时期，必须培育壮大新动能，加快发展新经济。要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。运用信息网络等现代技术，推动生产、管理和营销模式变革，重塑产业链、供应链、价值链，改造提升传统动能，使之焕发新的生机与活力。

To achieve succe in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to addre an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China’s economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium- and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed; only then is it poible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of busine, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.

从根本上说，发展的不竭力量蕴藏在人民群众之中。9亿多劳动力、1亿多受过高等教育和有专业技能的人才，是我们最大的资源和优势。实现新旧动能转换，推动发展转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新，既是一个伴随阵痛的调整过程，也是一个充满希望的升级过程。只要闯过这个关口，中国经济就一定能够浴火重生、再创辉煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are profeionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a proce of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading proce with great promise.We just have to get through this proce, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.

展望今后五年，我们充满必胜信心。如期实现全面建成小康社会目标，人民生活将会更加美好，中国特色社会主义事业前景一定会更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

三、2016年重点工作

I now want to discu the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社会决胜阶段的开局之年，也是推进结构性改革的攻坚之年。做好政府工作，必须高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，按照“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，坚持改革开放，坚持以新发展理念引领发展，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，适应经济发展新常态，实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路，把握好稳增长与调结构的平衡，保持经济运行在合理区间，着力加强供给侧结构性改革，加快培育新的发展动能，改造提升传统比较优势，抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，加强民生保障，切实防控风险，努力实现“十三五”时期经济社会发展良好开局。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government’s goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

– hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

– implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congre of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary seions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

– follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

– put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addrees;

– work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progre and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy; *

Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.– continue reform and opening up;

– follow the new vision of development;

– follow the general principle of making progre while working to keep performance stable;

– adapt to the new normal in economic development;

– follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

– maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

– ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

– strengthen supply-side structural reform;

– accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

– strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

– cut overcapacity and exce inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakne;

– strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

– prevent and control risks.

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.

今年发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6.5%－7%，居民消费价格涨幅3%左右，城镇新增就业1000万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内，进出口回稳向好，国际收支基本平衡，居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步。单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放继续减少。

The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

– GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

– CPI increase kept at around 3%;

– creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

– registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

– a steady rise in import and export volumes;

– a basic balance in international payments;

– increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

– a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

– further reductions in the release of major pollutants.

经济增长预期目标6.5%－7%，考虑了与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，考虑了推进结构性改革的需要，也有利于稳定和引导市场预期。稳增长主要是为了保就业、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能够实现比较充分的就业。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people’s wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.

综合分析各方面情况，今年我国发展面临的困难更多更大、挑战更为严峻，我们要做打硬仗的充分准备。从国际看，世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力，国际贸易增长低迷，金融和大宗商品市场波动不定，地缘政治风险上升，外部环境的不稳定不确定因素增加，对我国发展的影响不可低估。从国内看，长期积累的矛盾和风险进一步显现，经济增速换挡、结构调整阵痛、新旧动能转换相互交织，经济下行压力加大。但困难和挑战并不可怕。中国的发展从来都是在应对挑战中前进的，没有过不去的坎。经过多年的快速发展，我国物质基础雄厚，经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大，改革开放不断注入新动力，创新宏观调控积累了丰富经验。特别是我们有中国共产党的坚强领导和中国特色社会主义制度，中国人民勤劳智慧。只要我们万众一心，共克时艰，就一定能够实现全年经济社会发展目标。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover; growth in trade is weak; there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets; geopolitical risks are rising; and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China’s external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China’s development.Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident; the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties aociated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems; and downward preure on the economy is growing.

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges; there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.

今年要重点做好八个方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）稳定和完善宏观经济政策，保持经济运行在合理区间。我们宏观调控还有创新手段和政策储备，既要立足当前、有针对性地出招，顶住经济下行压力，又要着眼长远、留有后手、谋势蓄势。继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，创新宏观调控方式，加强区间调控、定向调控、相机调控，统筹运用财政、货币政策和产业、投资、价格等政策工具，采取结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革举措，为经济发展营造良好环境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward preure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.

积极的财政政策要加大力度。今年拟安排财政赤字2.18万亿元，比去年增加5600亿元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央财政赤字1.4万亿元，地方财政赤字7800亿元。安排地方专项债券4000亿元，继续发行地方政府置换债券。我国财政赤字率和政府负债率在世界主要经济体中相对较低，这样的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

– We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be iued.China’s deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies; such steps are neceary, feasible, and also safe.

适度扩大财政赤字，主要用于减税降费，进一步减轻企业负担。今年将采取三项举措。一是全面实施营改增，从5月1日起，将试点范围扩大到建筑业、房地产业、金融业、生活服务业，并将所有企业新增不动产所含增值税纳入抵扣范围，确保所有行业税负只减不增。二是取消违规设立的政府性基金，停征和归并一批政府性基金，扩大水利建设基金等免征范围。三是将18项行政事业性收费的免征范围，从小微企业扩大到所有企业和个人。实施上述政策，今年将比改革前减轻企业和个人负担5000多亿元。同时，适当增加必要的财政支出和政府投资，加大对民生等薄弱环节的支持。创新财政支出方式，优化财政支出结构，该保的一定要保住，该减的一定要减下来。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.The following three measures will be adopted this year.

First, busine tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.

Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished; the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated; and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businees will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all eential items receive sufficient funding, while non-eential items are cut.

加快财税体制改革。推进中央与地方事权和支出责任划分改革，合理确定增值税中央和地方分享比例。把适合作为地方收入的税种下划给地方，在税政管理权限方面给地方适当放权。进一步压缩中央专项转移支付规模，今年一般性转移支付规模增长12.2%。全面推开资源税从价计征改革。依法实施税收征管。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制，对财政实力强、债务风险较低的，按法定程序适当增加债务限额。各级政府要坚持过紧日子，把每一笔钱都花在明处、用在实处。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year’s general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond iuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it’s most needed.

稳健的货币政策要灵活适度。今年广义货币M2预期增长13%左右，社会融资规模余额增长13%左右。要统筹运用公开市场操作、利率、准备金率、再贷款等各类货币政策工具，保持流动性合理充裕，疏通传导机制，降低融资成本，加强对实体经济特别是小微企业、“三农”等支持。

– We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmiion mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businees as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

深化金融体制改革。加快改革完善现代金融监管体制，提高金融服务实体经济效率，实现金融风险监管全覆盖。深化利率市场化改革。继续完善人民币汇率市场化形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定。深化国有商业银行和开发性、政策性金融机构改革，发展民营银行，启动投贷联动试点。推进股票、债券市场改革和法治化建设，促进多层次资本市场健康发展，提高直接融资比重。适时启动“深港通”。建立巨灾保险制度。规范发展互联网金融。大力发展普惠金融和绿色金融。加强全口径外债宏观审慎管理。扎紧制度笼子，整顿规范金融秩序，严厉打击金融诈骗、非法集资和证券期货领域的违法犯罪活动，坚决守住不发生系统性区域性风险的底线。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businees.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.

（二）加强供给侧结构性改革，增强持续增长动力。围绕解决重点领域的突出矛盾和问题，加快破除体制机制障碍，以供给侧结构性改革提高供给体系的质量和效率，进一步激发市场活力和社会创造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.

推动简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革向纵深发展。以敬民之心，行简政之道，切实转变政府职能、提高效能。继续大力削减行政审批事项，注重解决放权不同步、不协调、不到位问题，对下放的审批事项，要让地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，开展证照分离试点。全面公布地方政府权力和责任清单，在部分地区试行市场准入负面清单制度。对行政事业性收费、政府定价或指导价经营服务性收费、政府性基金、国家职业资格，实行目录清单管理。加快建设统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系，打破地方保护。深化价格改革，加强价格监管。修改和废止有碍发展的行政法规和规范性文件。创新事中事后监管方式，全面推行“双随机、一公开”监管，随机抽取检查对象，随机选派执法检查人员，及时公布查处结果。推进综合行政执法改革，实施企业信用信息统一归集、依法公示、联合惩戒、社会监督。大力推行“互联网+政务服务”，实现部门间数据共享，让居民和企业少跑腿、好办事、不添堵。简除烦苛，禁察非法，使人民群众有更平等的机会和更大的创造空间。

– We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addreing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.

We will deepen reform of the busine system and launch trials to separate operating permits and busine licenses.We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market acce in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, busine fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and profeional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.

We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole proce of busine operations, and introduce acro the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where neceary, and encourage public oversight.

We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businees need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.

充分释放全社会创业创新潜能。着力实施创新驱动发展战略，促进科技与经济深度融合，提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力。一是强化企业创新主体地位。落实企业研发费用加计扣除和加速折旧政策，完善高新技术企业、科技企业孵化器等税收优惠政策。支持行业领军企业建设高水平研发机构。加快将国家自主创新示范区试点政策推广到全国，再建设一批国家自主创新示范区、高新区。二是发挥大众创业、万众创新和“互联网+”集众智汇众力的乘数效应。打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台，构建大中小企业、高校、科研机构、创客多方协同的新型创业创新机制。建设一批“双创”示范基地，培育创业创新服务业，规范发展天使、创业、产业等投资。支持分享经济发展，提高资源利用效率，让更多人参与进来、富裕起来。实施更积极、更开放、更有效的人才引进政策。加强知识产权保护和运用，依法严厉打击侵犯知识产权和制假售假行为。三是深化科技管理体制改革。扩大高校和科研院所自主权，砍掉科研管理中的繁文缛节。实施支持科技成果转移转化的政策措施，完善股权期权税收优惠政策和分红奖励办法，鼓励科研人员创业创新。大力弘扬创新文化，厚植创新沃土，营造敢为人先、宽容失败的良好氛围，充分激发企业家精神，调动全社会创业创新积极性，汇聚成推动发展的磅礴力量。

– We will ensure that the whole country’s potential for starting businees and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitivene of the real economy.

First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed aets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology busine incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.

Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of busine startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of busine startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for busine startups and innovation, foster a busine startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.

Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businees and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businees and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.

着力化解过剩产能和降本增效。重点抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，坚持市场倒逼、企业主体、地方组织、中央支持，运用经济、法律、技术、环保、质量、安全等手段，严格控制新增产能，坚决淘汰落后产能，有序退出过剩产能。采取兼并重组、债务重组或破产清算等措施，积极稳妥处置“僵尸企业”。完善财政、金融等支持政策，中央财政安排1000亿元专项奖补资金，重点用于职工分流安置。采取综合措施，降低企业交易、物流、财务、用能等成本，坚决遏制涉企乱收费，对违规行为要严肃查处。

– We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and busine performance is improved.We will focus on addreing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this proce, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will addre the iue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.

努力改善产品和服务供给。突出抓好三个方面。一是提升消费品品质。加快质量安全标准与国际标准接轨，建立商品质量惩罚性赔偿制度。鼓励企业开展个性化定制、柔性化生产，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品种、提品质、创品牌。二是促进制造业升级。深入推进“中国制造+互联网”，建设若干国家级制造业创新平台，实施一批智能制造示范项目，启动工业强基、绿色制造、高端装备等重大工程，组织实施重大技术改造升级工程。三是加快现代服务业发展。启动新一轮国家服务业综合改革试点，实施高技术服务业创新工程，大力发展数字创意产业。放宽市场准入，提高生产性服务业专业化、生活性服务业精细化水平。建设一批光网城市，推进5万个行政村通光纤，让更多城乡居民享受数字化生活。

– We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and establish a system for making producers pay punitive compensation for failing to meet product quality standards.We will also encourage enterprises to use flexible and custom-tailored production procees and foster a craftsmanship spirit of striving for the best, so that more types of products, products of a higher quality, and brand products will be made.

Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing.We will intensify efforts to promote the integrated development of Made in China 2025 and the Internet Plus action plan; build national platforms for innovation in manufacturing; carry out demonstration programs in smart manufacturing; launch projects to build a more solid foundation for industry development, promote green manufacturing, and develop high-end equipment; and carry out major technological transformation and upgrading initiatives.

Third, we will accelerate the development of the modern service sector.We will launch a new round of national pilot projects for all-round service sector reform as well as projects to promote innovation in high-tech services, and channel great efforts into developing the digital creative industries.We will relax restrictions on market acce to the service sector, and ensure greater specialization in producer services and higher refinement in consumer services.Fiber-optic networks will be developed in a number of cities and 50,000 administrative villages will be linked up to fiber-optic networks, thus enabling more urban and rural residents to enjoy a more digital way of life.

大力推进国有企业改革。今明两年，要以改革促发展，坚决打好国有企业提质增效攻坚战。推动国有企业特别是中央企业结构调整，创新发展一批，重组整合一批，清理退出一批。推进股权多元化改革，开展落实企业董事会职权、市场化选聘经营者、职业经理人制度、混合所有制、员工持股等试点。深化企业用人制度改革，探索建立与市场化选任方式相适应的高层次人才和企业经营管理者薪酬制度。加快改组组建国有资本投资、运营公司。以管资本为主推进国有资产监管机构职能转变，防止国有资产流失，实现国有资产保值增值。赋予地方更多国有企业改革自主权。加快剥离国有企业办社会职能，解决历史遗留问题，让国有企业瘦身健体，增强核心竞争力。

– We will push for progre in SOE reform.This year and next, we will use reform to promote the development of SOEs and push hard to ensure succe in upgrading them and improving their performance.We will prompt SOEs, especially those managed by the central government, to make structural adjustments so that some will be developed through innovation, others will be reorganized or merged, and still others will exit the market.We will carry out reforms to diversify their types of equity and introduce on a trial basis the aumption of powers and responsibilities by corporate boards of directors, competitive open selection and recruitment of executives, recruitment of profeional managers, mixed ownership, and employee equity stakes.We will deepen the reform of the enterprise personnel management system and explore the poibility of establishing remuneration systems for senior ranking personnel and corporate executives that are compatible with competitive selection and recruitment.We will work faster to establish state capital investment and management companies through reorganization.To prevent the lo of state aets and ensure their value is maintained or increased, we will encourage state-owned aet supervisory and management authorities to shift their focus to the use of state capital.Local governments will be granted more power over SOE reform.We will move more quickly to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and resolve their other longstanding iues, enabling them to become leaner and healthier and to increase their core competitivene.

更好激发非公有制经济活力。大幅放宽电力、电信、交通、石油、天然气、市政公用等领域市场准入，消除各种隐性壁垒，鼓励民营企业扩大投资、参与国有企业改革。在项目核准、融资服务、财税政策、土地使用等方面一视同仁。依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权，严肃查处侵犯非公有制企业及非公有制经济人士合法权益的行为，营造公平、公正、透明、稳定的法治环境，构建新型政商关系，促进各类企业各展其长、共同发展。

– We will energize the non-public sector.We will significantly relax restrictions on entry into markets such as electricity, telecommunications, transport, petroleum, natural gas, and municipal public utilities, remove hidden barriers, and encourage private companies to increase investment in these areas and participate in SOE reform.In these fields, private companies will enjoy the same treatment afforded to SOEs in terms of project verification and approval, financing, fiscal and tax policies, and land availability.We will, in accordance with the law, provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership; and we will ensure that, without fail, infringements on the legitimate rights and interests of non-public sector enterprises and individuals are investigated and prosecuted.We will create a rule of law environment that is fair, just, transparent, and stable and establish new government-busine relations to help all types of enterprises develop side by side based on their own respective strengths.

（三）深挖国内需求潜力，开拓发展更大空间。适度扩大需求总量，积极调整改革需求结构，促进供给需求有效对接、投资消费有机结合、城乡区域协调发展，形成对经济发展稳定而持久的内需支撑。

3.Tap the potential of domestic demand to increase the space for development

We will work to achieve a moderate expansion of aggregate demand, adjust and reform the composition of demand, strive for better alignment between supply and demand and between investment and consumption, and work to achieve greater balance in the development of urban and rural areas and of different regions.This will create steady and long-term domestic demand to sustain economic development.

增强消费拉动经济增长的基础作用。适应消费升级趋势，破除政策障碍，优化消费环境，维护消费者权益。支持发展养老、健康、家政、教育培训、文化体育等服务消费。壮大网络信息、智能家居、个性时尚等新兴消费。促进线上线下协调互动、平等竞争，推动实体商业创新转型。完善物流配送网络，促进快递业健康发展。活跃二手车市场，大力发展和推广以电动汽车为主的新能源汽车，加快建设城市停车场和充电设施。在全国开展消费金融公司试点，鼓励金融机构创新消费信贷产品。降低部分消费品进口关税，增设免税店。落实带薪休假制度，加强旅游交通、景区景点、自驾车营地等设施建设，规范旅游市场秩序，迎接正在兴起的大众旅游时代。

– We will strengthen the foundational role of consumption in promoting economic growth.To adapt to the trend toward high-end consumption, we will remove policy barriers, improve the consumer environment, and safeguard the rights and interests of consumers.We will support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health services, housekeeping services, educational and training services, and cultural and sports services.We will work to strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion.We will promote coordination, interaction, and fair competition between the online and the offline and encourage physical stores to transform themselves through innovation.We will help ensure the improvement of logistics networks and the healthy development of expre delivery services.We will work to stimulate the second-hand car market, channel great effort into developing and promoting the use of new-energy vehicles, particularly electric vehicles, and move faster to build urban car parks and install charging facilities.We will carry out nationwide trials to set up consumer financing companies and encourage financial institutions to develop new consumer credit products.We will cut import tariffs on some consumer goods and increase the number of duty-free stores.We will ensure people are able to take their paid vacations, strengthen the development of tourist and transport facilities, scenic spots and tourist sites, and recreational vehicle parks, and see that the tourist market operates in line with regulations.With these efforts, we will usher in a new era of ma tourism.

发挥有效投资对稳增长调结构的关键作用。我国基础设施和民生领域有许多短板，产业亟需改造升级，有效投资仍有很大空间。今年要启动一批“十三五”规划重大项目。完成铁路投资8000亿元以上、公路投资1.65万亿元，再开工20项重大水利工程，建设水电核电、特高压输电、智能电网、油气管网、城市轨道交通等重大项目。中央预算内投资安排5000亿元。深化投融资体制改革，继续以市场化方式筹集专项建设基金，推动地方融资平台转型改制进行市场化融资，探索基础设施等资产证券化，扩大债券融资规模。完善政府和社会资本合作模式，用好1800亿元引导基金，依法严格履行合同，充分激发社会资本参与热情。

– We will see that effective investment plays a key role in maintaining stable growth and making structural adjustments.The many weak areas in infrastructure and public services in China and the urgent need for industry upgrading leave vast scope for growth in effective investment.This year, we will launch a number of projects set forth in the 13th Five-Year Plan.More than 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction, and investment in road construction will reach 1.65 trillion yuan.A further 20 water conservancy projects will be carried out, and major projects will be launched to develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultra high-voltage power transmiion, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmiion, and urban rail transit.Central government budgetary investment will be 500 billion yuan.We will deepen the reform of the investment and financing systems.Funds for specific projects will continue to be raised through market-based mechanisms.Local financing platforms will be required to transform themselves and shift toward market-based financing, the securitization of tangible aets such as infrastructure will be explored, and debt financing will be increased.We will improve the public-private partnership model, make good use of the 180 billion yuan in seed funds, and strictly honor contracts in accordance with the law, so as to bring the enthusiasm of private investors to the table.

深入推进新型城镇化。城镇化是现代化的必由之路，是我国最大的内需潜力和发展动能所在。今年重点抓好三项工作。一是加快农业转移人口市民化。深化户籍制度改革，放宽城镇落户条件，建立健全“人地钱”挂钩政策。扩大新型城镇化综合试点范围。居住证具有很高的含金量，要加快覆盖未落户的城镇常住人口，使他们依法享有居住地义务教育、就业、医疗等基本公共服务。发展中西部地区中小城市和小城镇，容纳更多的农民工就近就业创业，让他们挣钱顾家两不误。二是推进城镇保障性安居工程建设和房地产市场健康发展。今年棚户区住房改造600万套，提高棚改货币化安置比例。完善支持居民住房合理消费的税收、信贷政策，适应住房刚性需求和改善性需求，因城施策化解房地产库存，促进房地产市场平稳运行。建立租购并举的住房制度，把符合条件的外来人口逐步纳入公租房供应范围。三是加强城市规划建设管理。增强城市规划的科学性、前瞻性、权威性、公开性，促进“多规合一”。开工建设城市地下综合管廊2000公里以上。积极推广绿色建筑和建材，大力发展钢结构和装配式建筑，加快标准化建设，提高建筑技术水平和工程质量。推进城市管理体制创新，打造智慧城市，完善公共交通网络，治理交通拥堵等突出问题，改善人居环境，使人民群众生活得更安心、更省心、更舒心。

– We will advance new urbanization.Urbanization is the path we need to take to develop a modern China.It is where we will find the greatest potential for domestic demand and the most powerful force for sustaining economic development.This year, we will take the following three major steps regarding urbanization.

First, we will move faster to see that urban residency is granted to more people with rural household registration living in urban areas.

We will deepen reform of the household registration system and relax restrictions on eligibility for urban residency.We will introduce policies for making both the transfer payments and the land designated for urban development granted to the government of a local jurisdiction conditional upon the number of people with rural household registration who are granted permanent urban residency in that jurisdiction.The full range of trials for developing new urbanization will be extended to more areas.Residence cards are important aets for their holders.We must move faster to ensure that permanent urban residents without urban residency are iued residence cards, thus enabling them to enjoy, as provided for by law, the right to acce compulsory education, employment, medical care, and other basic public services.We will promote the development of small towns and small and medium-sized cities in the central and western regions to help more rural migrant workers find employment or start businees in urban areas closer to home so that they do not have to choose between earning money and taking care of the families they leave behind.

Second, we will promote the construction of government-subsidized housing in urban areas and the healthy development of the real estate market.

This year, we will see to it that six million housing units are rebuilt in rundown urban areas and that more people displaced by the rebuilding of such areas receive monetary housing compensation rather than housing.Taking into consideration people’s demand for buying homes or improving their housing situation, we will improve the tax and credit policies to support justified personal housing consumption and adopt different policies in different cities as appropriate to their local conditions, in order to cut housing inventory and promote stability in the real estate market.We will put in place a housing system which encourages both renting and purchasing and, over time, enable eligible non-registered urban residents to apply for public rental housing.

Third, we will redouble our efforts to improve urban planning, development, and management.

We will make urban planning more sound, forward-looking, authoritative, and transparent and encourage local governments to integrate their various types of urban plans into a single master plan.Construction will begin on at least 2,000 kilometers of utility tunnels.We will actively promote environmentally friendly buildings and construction materials, make a big push to develop steel understructures and prefabricated modules, accelerate work to ensure adherence to construction standards, and see that the level of technique in building and the quality of construction projects are improved.We will encourage institutional innovation in urban management, work hard to create smart cities, improve public transport networks, addre traffic congestion and other prominent problems, and improve living environments so that people can enjoy a more secure, relaxing, and satisfying city life.

优化区域发展格局。深入推进“一带一路”建设，落实京津冀协同发展规划纲要，加快长江经济带发展。制定实施西部大开发“十三五”规划，实施新一轮东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略，出台促进中部地区崛起新十年规划，支持东部地区在体制创新、陆海统筹等方面率先突破。促进资源型地区经济转型升级。支持革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展。制定和实施国家海洋战略，维护国家海洋权益，保护海洋生态环境，拓展蓝色经济空间，建设海洋强国。

– We will work to improve the layout of development acro regions.We will push ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, carry out the development plan for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and speed up the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt.We will draw up and implement the 13th Five-Year Plan for the large-scale development of the western region, implement a new round of strategies for revitalizing the old industrial bases in the Northeast and other parts of the country, adopt the new ten-year plan for fuelling the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region as it leads the country in making breakthroughs in institutional innovation and coordinated land and maritime development.We will promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions.We will support the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and poor areas.We will work out and implement a national maritime strategy, safeguard national maritime rights and interests, protect marine ecosystems and habitats, and open up more space for the blue economy so as to strengthen China’s maritime development.

（四）加快发展现代农业，促进农民持续增收。继续毫不放松抓好“三农”工作，完善强农惠农富农政策，深化农村改革，拓展农民就业增收渠道，着力提高农业质量、效益和竞争力。

4.Speed up efforts to develop modern agriculture and ensure sustained increases in rural incomes

We will, with as much care and attention as ever, continue focusing on our work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.We will strengthen policy support for these areas, deepen rural reform, expand the channels through which farmers can find employment and increase their income, and work to ensure that the quality, performance, and competitivene of agriculture improve.

加快农业结构调整。粮食连续增产，为稳定物价、改善民生提供了有力保障，但也面临库存大幅增加、市场价格下跌等问题。要完善农产品价格形成机制，引导农民适应市场需求调整种养结构，适当调减玉米种植面积。按照“市场定价、价补分离”原则，积极稳妥推进玉米收储制度改革，保障农民合理收益。要多措并举消化粮食库存，大力支持农产品精深加工，发展畜牧业，延伸农业产业链条；制定新一轮退耕还林还草方案，今年退耕还林还草1500万亩以上，这件事一举多得，务必抓好。积极发展多种形式农业适度规模经营，完善对家庭农场、专业大户、农民合作社等新型经营主体的扶持政策，培养新型职业农民，鼓励农户依法自愿有偿流转承包地，开展土地股份合作、联合或土地托管。深化农村集体产权、农垦、集体林权、国有林场、农田水利、供销社等改革。

– We will speed up structural adjustment in agriculture.The output of food crops has continued to rise in recent years.This has helped to keep prices stable and ensure people’s wellbeing, but it has also resulted in a buildup of exce stockpiles and falling market prices.To resolve this problem, we will improve the pricing mechanisms for agricultural products, while guiding farmers in adjusting what and how much they grow and breed in response to market demand and in making appropriate reductions to the amount of cultivated land devoted to growing corn.Following the principle of letting the market determine prices and delinking subsidies from prices, we will reform in an active yet prudent way the system of corn purchase and storage to ensure reasonable returns for corn-growing farmers.We will adopt a full range of measures to reduce exce stockpiles of food, provide strong support for the proceing of agricultural products to increase their value, develop the livestock industry, and extend the agricultural production chain.We will formulate a plan for a new round of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest or graland, with the target for this year being more than one million hectares.There is much to be gained in this, and it must be carried out to full effect.

We will promote the development of suitably scaled-up agricultural operations in diversified forms; improve policy support for family farms, large and specialized agricultural family operations, farming cooperatives, and other emerging forms of agribusine; and cultivate a new type of skilled farmer.We will encourage farmers, on a voluntary basis and in accordance with relevant laws, to transfer the land they contract to work on in return for compensation, enter into cooperation or aociation based on land as shares, or place their land under trusteeship.We will deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, state farms on reclaimed land, collective forest tenure, state forestry farms, farmland irrigation and water conservancy, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives.

强化农业基础支撑。全面完成永久基本农田划定并实行特殊保护，加强高标准农田建设，增加深松土地1.5亿亩，新增高效节水灌溉面积2000万亩。探索耕地轮作休耕制度试点。加强农业科技创新与推广，深入开展粮食绿色高产高效创建，实施化肥农药零增长行动。保障财政对农业投入，建立全国农业信贷担保体系，完善农业保险制度和农村金融服务，引导带动更多资金投向现代农业建设。

– The foundation of agriculture will be strengthened.

We will complete our work nationwide on designating permanent basic cropland and provide special protection for such cropland, promote the development of high-standard cropland, improve the subsoil of an additional ten million hectares of cropland, and increase the area of cropland covered by efficient water-saving irrigation by 1.33 million hectares.We will explore trials of crop rotation and fallow land.We will promote the innovation and application of agricultural science and technology.We will promote green, high-yield, and cost efficient food crop production and achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides.In fiscal allocations, investment in agriculture will be ensured, a national agricultural credit guaranty system will be established, the agricultural insurance system and rural financial services will be improved, and more investment in agricultural modernization will be encouraged.

改善农村公共设施和服务。加大农村基础设施建设力度，新建改建农村公路20万公里，具备条件的乡镇和建制村要加快通硬化路、通客车。抓紧新一轮农村电网改造升级，两年内实现农村稳定可靠供电服务和平原地区机井通电全覆盖。实施饮水安全巩固提升工程。推动电子商务进农村。开展农村人居环境整治，建设美丽宜居乡村。

– We will improve public services and facilities in rural areas.We will step up the development of rural infrastructure.An additional 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built or upgraded.In towns, townships, and incorporated villages, where conditions allow, efforts should be stepped up to build paved roads and provide acce to bus services.We will act promptly to launch a new round of efforts to upgrade rural power grids, and our goal is to ensure a stable and reliable supply of power to all rural areas and all electric pump sets on rural flatlands within the next two years.We will build on past progre to make further advances in providing acce to safe drinking water.We will encourage the introduction of e-commerce into rural areas.We will work hard to improve rural living environments, building an even more livable and beautiful countryside.

实施脱贫攻坚工程。今年要完成1000万以上农村贫困人口脱贫任务，其中易地搬迁脱贫200万人以上，继续推进贫困农户危房改造。中央财政扶贫资金增长43.4%。在贫困县推进涉农资金整合。坚持精准扶贫脱贫，因人因地施策。大力培育特色产业，支持就业创业。解决好通路、通水、通电、通网络等问题，增强集中连片特困地区和贫困人口发展能力。国家各项惠民政策和民生项目，要向贫困地区倾斜。深入开展定点扶贫、东西协作扶贫，支持社会力量参与脱贫攻坚。扶贫脱贫是硬任务，各级政府已经立下军令状，必须按时保质保量完成。

– We will combat poverty.This year, we will help more than ten million rural residents lift themselves out of poverty, including over two million poor residents who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas, and continue to rebuild the dilapidated housing of poor rural households.Central government funds for poverty alleviation efforts will be increased by 43.4%.In poor counties, various funds for rural development will be integrated.We will take targeted measures to alleviate and eliminate poverty in light of local conditions.We will channel significant energy into cultivating busine operations with distinctive local features in support of employment and busine development.We will construct infrastructure such as roads, water and power supply, and Internet acce, and work to strengthen the ability of contiguous poor areas and persons in need to achieve development.National programs aimed at providing people with policy support and promoting people’s wellbeing will be weighted toward poor areas.We will give stronger support to targeted poor areas, encourage the eastern region to help in the alleviation of poverty in the western region, and support nongovernmental participation in combatting poverty.Poverty reduction is a must, governments at all levels have made the pledge, and it must be accomplished both qualitatively and quantitatively within the timeframe set.

（五）推进新一轮高水平对外开放，着力实现合作共赢。面对国际经济合作和竞争格局的深刻变化，顺应国内经济提质增效升级的迫切需要，要坚定不移扩大对外开放，在开放中增强发展新动能、增添改革新动力、增创竞争新优势。

5.Carry out a new round of high-quality opening up and work to achieve mutually beneficial cooperation

In the face of profound changes in international economic cooperation and competition, and in response to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China’s economy, we must open wider to the outside world with unwavering resolve.By doing so, we can strengthen new drivers of development, add new forces to propel reform forward, and create new competitive strengths for China.

扎实推进“一带一路”建设。统筹国内区域开发开放与国际经济合作，共同打造陆上经济走廊和海上合作支点，推动互联互通、经贸合作、人文交流。构建沿线大通关合作机制，建设国际物流大通道。推进边境经济合作区、跨境经济合作区、境外经贸合作区建设。坚持共商共建共享，使“一带一路”成为和平友谊纽带、共同繁荣之路。

– We will work to secure solid progre in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative.We will promote domestic regional development and opening up and international economic cooperation in a coordinated way, work with other countries and regions to build overland economic corridors and maritime cooperation hubs, and promote connectivity, economic and trade cooperation, and cultural exchange.We will work to develop cooperative mechanisms for achieving compatibility in customs clearance procedures along the routes and build international logistics networks.We will promote the development of border economic cooperation zones, cro-border economic cooperation zones, and overseas economic and trade cooperation zones.With a commitment to achieving common development and shared growth through joint consultation, we will ensure that the Belt and Road Initiativecreates bonds of peace, friendship, and common prosperity.

扩大国际产能合作。坚持企业为主、政府推动、市场化运作，实施一批重大示范项目。落实和完善财税金融支持政策，设立人民币海外合作基金，用好双边产能合作基金。推动装备、技术、标准、服务走出去，打造中国制造金字品牌。

– We will work to achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries.We will launch demonstration projects in accordance with the principle that enterprises should be the main actors, that government should provide support, and that operations should be market based.We will improve and implement related supporting fiscal, tax, and financial policies, establish an RMB overseas cooperation fund and make good use of bilateral industrial-capacity cooperation funds.We will promote greater use of Chinese equipment, technology, standards, and services in the international market, and help Chinese manufacturing brands gain international recognition.

促进外贸创新发展。面对外需持续低迷的严峻形势，要多措并举，遏制进出口下滑势头。一要加快落实和完善政策。优化出口退税率结构，确保及时足额退税，严厉打击骗取退税。增加短期出口信用保险规模，实现成套设备出口融资保险应保尽保。二要鼓励商业模式创新。扩大跨境电子商务试点，支持企业建设一批出口产品“海外仓”，促进外贸综合服务企业发展。三要优化贸易结构。开展服务贸易创新发展试点，增加服务外包示范城市，加快发展文化对外贸易。进一步整合优化海关特殊监管区域，促进加工贸易向中西部地区转移、向产业链中高端延伸。四要推进贸易便利化。全面推广国际贸易“单一窗口”。降低出口商品查验率。五要实施更加积极的进口政策。扩大先进技术设备、关键零部件及紧缺能源原材料进口。

– We will develop innovative ways to promote foreign trade.Faced with continuously weak foreign demand, we need to take a combination of measures to stop the decline in imports and exports.

First, we will move faster to improve and implement policies.

We will improve the structure of export tax rebate rates, ensure rebates are paid promptly and in full, and crack down on fraudulent claims.We will increase short-term export-credit insurance and provide export financing insurance for all insurable complete sets of equipment.

Second, we will encourage innovative busine models.

We will expand trials in cro-border e-commerce, support enterprises in developing overseas warehouses for export products, and promote the development of enterprises that provide comprehensive foreign trade services.

Third, we will improve the trade mix.

We will launch trials to create innovative ways of developing trade in services, see that more cities become trendsetters in providing foreign outsourced services, and accelerate the development of foreign trade in cultural goods and services.We will further integrate and improve special customs regulation zones, and encourage proceing trade to move to the central and western regions and extend to the medium-high end of the industrial chain.

Fourth, we will further facilitate trade.

We will see that the single window system is implemented for international trade nationwide.We will reduce the frequency of inspections for exports.

Fifth, we will adopt a more proactive import policy.

We will increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China.

提高利用外资水平。继续放宽投资准入，扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，简化外商投资企业设立程序，加大招商引资力度。创新内陆和沿边开放模式，打造新的外向型产业集群，引导外资更多投向中西部地区。扩大自贸试验区试点。创新开发区体制机制。我们将营造更加公平、更为透明、更可预期的投资环境，中国要始终成为富有吸引力的外商投资热土。

– We will work to make better use of overseas investment.We will continue to relax market acce restrictions on investment, further open the service sector and the general manufacturing sector, simplify procedures for establishing companies with overseas investment, and step up efforts to attract more investment.We will create new models of opening up for inland and border areas, develop new overseas-oriented industrial clusters, and encourage more overseas investment in the central and western regions.Pilot free trade zones will be established in more parts of the country.We will improve the systems and mechanisms for governing development zones.With these efforts, China’s investment environment will become even more fair, transparent, and predictable, and China will be able to maintain strong appeal and serve as a favorite destination for overseas investment.

加快实施自由贸易区战略。积极商签区域全面经济伙伴关系协定，加快中日韩自贸区等谈判，推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判，加强亚太自贸区联合战略研究。我们愿与各方一道，推进贸易投资自由化，共同构建均衡、共赢、包容的国际经贸体系。

– We will accelerate implementation of the free trade zone strategy.We wish to actively negotiate and sign the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.We will help speed up negotiations on the establishment of the China-Japan-RoK free trade area.We will work to make progre in negotiations on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.We will help strengthen collective strategic research on the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific.China wishes to work with all interested parties to move ahead with trade and investment liberalization and establish an international economic and trade system that is balanced, inclusive, and beneficial for all.

（六）加大环境治理力度，推动绿色发展取得新突破。治理污染、保护环境，事关人民群众健康和可持续发展，必须强力推进，下决心走出一条经济发展与环境改善双赢之路。

6.Step up environmental governance efforts and work to see breakthroughs in green development

Pollution control and environmental protection are important to both the health of our people and sustainable development, so we must work hard moving forward and resolve to take a path that leads to both economic development and environmental improvement.

重拳治理大气雾霾和水污染。今年化学需氧量、氨氮排放量要分别下降2%，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量分别下降3%，重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降。着力抓好减少燃煤排放和机动车排放。加强煤炭清洁高效利用，减少散煤使用，推进以电代煤、以气代煤。全面实施燃煤电厂超低排放和节能改造。加快淘汰不符合强制性标准的燃煤锅炉。增加天然气供应，完善风能、太阳能、生物质能等发展扶持政策，提高清洁能源比重。鼓励秸秆资源化综合利用，限制直接焚烧。全面推广车用燃油国五标准，淘汰黄标车和老旧车380万辆。在重点区域实行大气污染联防联控。全面推进城镇污水处理设施建设与改造，加强农业面源污染和流域水环境综合治理。加大工业污染源治理力度，对排污企业全面实行在线监测。强化环境保护督察，做到奖惩分明。新修订的环境保护法必须严格执行，对超排偷排者必须依法严厉打击，对姑息纵容者必须依法严肃追究。

– We will take strong measures against air and water pollution.This year, we will ensure that chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emiions are both reduced by 2%, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emiions are cut by 3%, and the density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in key areas continues to fall.We will focus on promoting the reduction of emiions from the burning of coal and motor vehicles.We will work to promote cleaner and more efficient use of coal, ensure there is le use of untreated coal, and do more to see coal substituted with electricity and natural gas.We will upgrade coal-burning power plants nationwide to achieve ultra-low emiions and energy efficiency, and we will move faster to shut down coal-fired boilers that do not meet compulsory standards.

We will increase natural gas supply, improve policy support for the development of wind, solar, and bioma energy, and increase the proportion of clean energy in total energy consumption.We will encourage a whole range of forms of straw utilization and restrict open burning.We will push for the use of automobile gasoline and diesel fuel that meet National-V standards nationwide and see that 3.8 million old or high-emiion vehicles are taken off the roads.

We will coordinate efforts to prevent and control air pollution in regions where it presents a problem.We will pre ahead with the nationwide development and upgrading of urban sewage treatment facilities, and strengthen comprehensive efforts aimed at controlling agricultural pollution from non-point sources and at improving the water environment in river basin areas.We will step up efforts to deal with industrial pollution at the source and conduct online monitoring of all polluting enterprises.We will strengthen environmental inspection and reward and punish as appropriate.We must ensure that the newly revised Environmental Protection Law is strictly enforced, that those who emit pollutants beyond the limit allowed by their permit or without a permit are severely punished as stipulated by law, and that those who knowingly allow such violations are held to account in accordance with the law.

大力发展节能环保产业。扩大绿色环保标准覆盖面。完善扶持政策，支持推广节能环保先进技术装备，广泛开展合同能源管理和环境污染第三方治理，加大建筑节能改造力度，加快传统制造业绿色改造。开展全民节能、节水行动，推进垃圾分类处理，健全再生资源回收利用网络，把节能环保产业培育成我国发展的一大支柱产业。

– We will work to develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.We will ensure that environmental standards are applied in more areas.We will improve policy support to encourage the use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly advanced technologies and equipment, promote on a large scale contracted energy management and third-party treatment of environmental pollution, and work to see that energy-saving renovations in buildings are strengthened and efforts are accelerated to make traditional manufacturing more eco-friendly.We will encourage everyone to conserve energy and water, make progre in using sorted treatment of waste, improve the networks for recycling renewable resources, and turn the energy conservation and environmental protection industries into pillar industries underpinning China’s development.

加强生态安全屏障建设。健全生态保护补偿机制。停止天然林商业性采伐，实行新一轮草原生态保护补助奖励政策。推进地下水超采区综合治理试点，实施湿地等生态保护与恢复工程，继续治理荒漠化、石漠化和水土流失。保护环境，人人有责。每一个社会成员都要自觉行动起来，为建设美丽中国贡献力量。

– We will continue to develop ecological security barriers.We will improve mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts.Commercial logging in natural forests will be banned, and a new round of subsidy and award policies for graland ecological conservation efforts will be implemented.Trials to comprehensively deal with the over-abstraction of groundwater will be moved ahead, more will be done to protect and restore wetlands and other ecosystems, and continued efforts will be made to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.Every one of us has an obligation to protect the environment – we call on every member of society to act and contribute to the building of a Beautiful China.

（七）切实保障改善民生，加强社会建设。为政之道，民生为本。我们要念之再

三、铭之肺腑，多谋民生之利，多解民生之忧。财政收入增长虽放缓，但该给群众办的实事一件也不能少。

7.Strengthen social development to promote people’s well being

The best form of governance is that which puts people’s wellbeing first.We must never lose sight of this and do more to improve the lives of our people and addre their concerns.Growth in government revenue is slowing, but when it comes to getting things done for the welfare of the people, we mustn’t drop a single thing.

着力扩大就业创业。实施更加积极的就业政策，鼓励以创业带动就业。今年高校毕业生将高达765万人，要落实好就业促进计划和创业引领计划，促进多渠道就业创业。用好失业保险基金结余，增加稳就业资金规模，做好企业下岗职工技能培训和再就业工作，对城镇就业困难人员提供托底帮扶。完成2100万人次以上农民工职业技能提升培训任务。加强对灵活就业、新就业形态的扶持。切实做好退役军人安置和就业创业服务工作。

– We will promote growth in employment and new businees.We will pursue a more proactive employment policy and encourage busine startups that create employment.This year, there will be up to 7.65 million college graduates.We will use multiple channels to increase employment and encourage entrepreneurship by implementing initiatives for promoting employment of college graduates and guiding them in starting up their own businees.We will make good use of the surplus from unemployment insurance funds and increase funds for keeping job creation stable to provide skills training for laid-off enterprise employees and help them find new employment and offer basic needs aistance to those in urban areas who face difficulties in securing employment.Over 21 million training opportunities should be provided for migrant workers to improve their skills.We will strengthen aistance for flexible employment and new forms of employment.We will see that demobilized military personnel are settled into new jobs or have good acce to employment and busine startup services.

发展更高质量更加公平的教育。教育承载着国家的未来、人民的期盼。公共教育投入要加大向中西部和边远、贫困地区倾斜力度。统一城乡义务教育经费保障机制，改善薄弱学校和寄宿制学校办学条件。支持普惠性幼儿园发展。办好特殊教育。加快健全现代职业教育体系，分类推进中等职业教育免除学杂费。对贫困家庭学生率先免除普通高中学杂费。落实提高乡村教师待遇政策。加快推进远程教育，扩大优质教育资源覆盖面。提升高校教学水平和创新能力，推动具备条件的普通本科高校向应用型转变。继续扩大重点高校面向贫困地区农村招生规模，落实和完善农民工随迁子女在当地就学和升学考试政策。支持和规范民办教育发展。教育要促进学生德智体美全面发展，注重培养各类高素质创新型人才。从家庭到学校、从政府到社会，都要为孩子们的安全健康、成长成才担起责任，共同托起明天的希望。

– We will promote fairer acce to quality education.Education is where a country’s future and its people’s hopes and aspirations lie.We will allocate a greater share of funds for public education to the central and western regions and to remote and poor areas.We will unify the urban and rural mechanisms for funding compulsory education and improve conditions in boarding schools and schools which are badly built or poorly operated.We will support the development of kindergartens open to all children.We will see that special needs education is well provided.We will work faster to modernize the vocational education system and, type by type, begin waiving all tuition and miscellaneous fees at schools providing secondary vocational education.Students from families with financial difficulties will be the first to be exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees at regular senior high schools.The salary and other benefits of teachers in rural areas will be increased.We will move faster to promote distance learning and expand the reach of quality educational resources.Institutions of higher learning should strengthen their teaching and their capacity for innovation.Regular undergraduate institutions will be encouraged to shift their focus toward providing applied education if they are in a position to do so.We will continue to help see the increased enrollment of students from poor rural areas into key colleges, and improve and implement policies enabling children who live with their migrant worker parents to go to secondary school or take college entrance exams in their city of residence.We will support the development of privately run educational institutions and work to ensure they meet all relevant standards.

Education should promote the moral, intellectual, physical, and artistic development of students, and particular attention should be given to fostering all kinds of high-caliber creative talent.Families, schools, governments, and our society as a whole must together shoulder the responsibility of ensuring our children, our hope for tomorrow, are safe, healthy, and can grow up with the opportunity to reach their full potential.

协调推进医疗、医保、医药联动改革。健康是幸福之基。今年要实现大病保险全覆盖，政府加大投入，让更多大病患者减轻负担。中央财政安排城乡医疗救助补助资金160亿元，增长9.6%。整合城乡居民基本医保制度，财政补助由每人每年380元提高到420元。改革医保支付方式，加快推进基本医保全国联网和异地就医结算。扩大公立医院综合改革试点城市范围，协同推进医疗服务价格、药品流通等改革。深化药品医疗器械审评审批制度改革。加快培养全科医生、儿科医生。在70%左右的地市开展分级诊疗试点。基本公共卫生服务经费财政补助从人均40元提高到45元，促进医疗资源向基层和农村流动。鼓励社会办医。发展中医药、民族医药事业。建立健全符合医疗行业特点的人事薪酬制度，保护和调动医务人员积极性。构建和谐医患关系。完善一对夫妇可生育两个孩子的配套政策。为了人民健康，要加快健全统一权威的食品药品安全监管体制，严守从农田到餐桌、从企业到医院的每一道防线，让人民群众饮食用药安全放心。

– We will advance the coordinated reform of medical services, medical insurance, and the medicine industry.

Health is at the root of happine.This year, we aim to realize full coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme, and government funding for the scheme will be increased to reduce the financial

推荐第3篇：政府工作报告中英文

2016年政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT ——2016年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上 Delivered at the Fourth Seion of the 12th National People's Congre

of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

国务院总理李克强

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

Esteemed Deputies,

一、2015年工作回顾

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have preed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progre has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列。粮食产量实现“十二连增”，居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平。特别是就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业1312万人，超过全年预期目标，成为经济运行的一大亮点

-- The economy operated within an appropriate range.

-- Encouraging progre was made in structural adjustment.

-- New driving forces for development grew rapidly.

Further progre was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Busine startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businees rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businees per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.

-- Living standards improved.

A number of world-cla innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the aembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.

回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.

这些成绩，是在极为复杂严峻的国际环境中取得的。去年世界经济增速为6年来最低，国际贸易增速更低，大宗商品价格深度下跌，国际金融市场震荡加剧，对我国经济造成直接冲击和影响。

这些成绩，是在国内深层次矛盾凸显、经济下行压力加大的情况下取得的。面对“三期叠加”的局面，经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题，需要远近结合，趋利避害，有效应对。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward preure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.

这些成绩，是在我国经济总量超过60万亿元的高基数上取得的。现在国内生产总值每增长1个百分点的增量，相当于5年前1.5个百分点、10年前2.5个百分点的增量。经济规模越大，增长难度随之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.

在困难和压力面前，全国各族人民付出了极大辛劳，一步一步走了过来。这再次表明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中国发展前行的步伐！

一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discu the main work we did last year:

一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.

为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。去年还积极应对股市、汇市异常波动等金融领域的多种风险挑战，守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward preure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees acro the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds iued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, leening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment preure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.

一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.

Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 profeional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businees prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate busine license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified busine license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businees were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businees were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into busine and making innovations is rising by the day.

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for busine.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progre was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.

三是聚焦提质增效，推动产业创新升级。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.

制定实施创新驱动发展战略纲要和意见，出台推动大众创业、万众创新政策举措，落实“互联网+”行动计划，增强经济发展新动力。一大批创客走上创业创新之路。完善农业支持政策，促进农业发展方式加快转变。针对工业增速下降、企业效益下滑，我们一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升。启动实施《中国制造2025》，设立国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金、中小企业发展基金，扩大国家自主创新示范区。积极化解过剩产能，推进企业兼并重组。近三年淘汰落后炼钢炼铁产能9000多万吨、水泥2.3亿吨、平板玻璃7600多万重量箱、电解铝100多万吨。促进生产性、生活性服务业加快发展。狠抓节能减排和环境保护，各项约束性指标超额完成。公布自主减排行动目标，推动国际气候变化谈判取得积极成果。

四是着眼开拓发展空间，促进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.

继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推进“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。制定实施促进西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。推进户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，加强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We preed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progre in developing new urbanization.

五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.

在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续加大。推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成772万套，棚户区住房改造开工601万套，农村危房改造432万户，一大批住房困难家庭圆了安居梦。加快改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件，深化中小学教师职称制度改革，重点高校招收贫困地区农村学生人数又增长10.5%。全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，拓展居民大病保险，建立重特大疾病医疗救助制度、困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。提高低保、优抚、企业退休人员基本养老金等标准，推行机关事业单位养老保险制度改革并完善工资制度。加强基本公共文化服务建设。广大人民群众有了更多获得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and busine startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the profeional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of aistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.

六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。 Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.

国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。有效应对自然灾害和突发事件。加强安全生产监管，事故总量和重特大事故、重点行业事故数量继续下降。推进食品安全创建示范行动。强化社会治安综合治理，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，有力维护了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congre and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggreion and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Seion of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progre was made in China's relations with other major countries; pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened; friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew; relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas; and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.

各位代表！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I expre our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to expre our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.

exist

between

government

revenue

and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distreing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the maive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and lo of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound leons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented; a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly; and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to aume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance; we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impreive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congre in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progre while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we succefully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.

一是经济持续较快发展。国内生产总值年均增长7.8%，经济总量稳居世界第二位，成为全球第一货物贸易大国和主要对外投资大国。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.

During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.

二是结构调整取得标志性进展。服务业成为第一大产业，工业化与信息化融合加深，农业综合生产能力明显增强。消费成为支撑经济增长的主要力量。超过一半人口居住在城镇。单位国内生产总值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量减少12%以上。

Second, milestone progre was achieved in structural adjustments.

Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emiions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.

Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline; and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.

三是基础设施水平全面跃升。铁路营业里程达到12.1万公里，其中高速铁路超过1.9万公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通车里程超过12万公里。南水北调东、中线工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移动通信网络。

Third, acro-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.

The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expreways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.

四是科技创新实现重大突破。量子通信、中微子振荡、高温铁基超导等基础研究取得一批原创性成果，载人航天、探月工程、深海探测等项目达到世界先进水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.

五是人民生活水平显著提高。居民收入增长快于经济增长，城乡收入差距持续缩小。城镇新增就业人数超过6400万人。城镇保障性安居工程住房建设4013万套，上亿群众喜迁新居。农村贫困人口减少1亿多，解决3亿多农村人口饮水安全问题。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.

六是社会发展成就斐然。教育公平和质量明显提升。基本医疗保险实现全覆盖，基本养老保险参保率超过80%。文化软实力持续提升。依法治国全面推进。中国特色军事变革成就显著。经过五年努力，我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、国际影响力又上了一个大台阶。

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.

Significant progre was made in ensuring equal acce to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.

二、“十三五”时期主要目标任务和重大举措

Esteemed Deputies,

Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this seion for your review and approval.

-- We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.

To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.

-- We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.

Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-cla national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businees and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.

-- We should make progre in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.

Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment; it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and "villages" in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.

实施一批水利、农机、现代种业等工程，推动农业适度规模经营和区域化布局、标准化生产、社会化服务。到2020年，粮食等主要农产品供给和质量安全得到更好保障，农业现代化水平明显提高，新农村建设取得新成效。

以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。加强重大基础设施建设，高铁营业里程达到3万公里、覆盖80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里，实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖。

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.

-- We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.

We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emiions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progre in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tirele efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.

-- We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.

Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform acro the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.

We should work for significant progre in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force acro the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progreively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.

——持续增进民生福祉，使全体人民共享发展成果。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，努力补齐基本民生保障的短板，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽，解决区域性整体贫困。

-- We need to ensure that continuous progre is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.

Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakne in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.

建立国家基本公共服务项目清单。建立健全更加公平更可持续的社会保障制度。实施义务教育学校标准化、普及高中阶段教育、建设世界一流大学和一流学科等工程，劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限从10.23年提高到10.8年。

实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上。完善收入分配制度，缩小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障体系，城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。

推进健康中国建设，人均预期寿命提高1岁。积极应对人口老龄化。构建现代公共文化服务体系，实施公民道德建设、中华文化传承等工程。我们既要让人民的物质生活更殷实，又要让人民的精神生活更丰富。

做好“十三五”时期经济社会发展工作，实现全面建成小康社会目标，必须着力把握好三点。

一是牢牢抓住发展第一要务不放松。发展是硬道理，是解决我国所有问题的关键。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要阶段，各种矛盾和风险明显增多。发展如逆水行舟，不进则退。必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，推动科学发展，妥善应对风险挑战，使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the "middle-income trap," and we need to addre an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.

二是大力推进结构性改革。当前发展中总量问题与结构性问题并存，结构性问题更加突出，要用改革的办法推进结构调整。在适度扩大总需求的同时，突出抓好供给侧结构性改革，既做减法，又做加法，减少无效和低端供给，扩大有效和中高端供给，增加公共产品和公共服务供给，使供给和需求协同促进经济发展，提高全要素生产率，不断解放和发展社会生产力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

三是加快新旧发展动能接续转换。经济发展必然会有新旧动能迭代更替的过程，当传统动能由强变弱时，需要新动能异军突起和传统动能转型，形成新的“双引擎”，才能推动经济持续增长、跃上新台阶。当前我国发展正处于这样一个关键时期，必须培育壮大新动能，加快发展新经济。要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。运用信息网络等现代技术，推动生产、管理和营销模式变革，重塑产业链、供应链、价值链，改造提升传统动能，使之焕发新的生机与活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

展望今后五年，我们充满必胜信心。如期实现全面建成小康社会目标，人民生活将会更加美好，中国特色社会主义事业前景一定会更加光明！

三、2016年重点工作

I now want to discu the major areas of work for 2016.

今年是全面建成小康社会决胜阶段的开局之年，也是推进结构性改革的攻坚之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必须高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，按照“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，坚持改革开放，坚持以新发展理念引领发展，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，适应经济发展新常态，实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路，把握好稳增长与调结构的平衡，保持经济运行在合理区间，着力加强供给侧结构性改革，加快培育新的发展动能，改造提升传统比较优势，抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，加强民生保障，切实防控风险，努力实现“十三五”时期经济社会发展良好开局。

-- hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

-- implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congre of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary seions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

-- follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

-- put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addrees;

-- work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progre and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

-- continue reform and opening up;

-- follow the new vision of development;

-- follow the general principle of making progre while working to keep performance stable;

-- adapt to the new normal in economic development;

-- follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

-- maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

-- ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

-- strengthen supply-side structural reform;

-- accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

-- strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

-- cut overcapacity and exce inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakne;

-- strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

-- prevent and control risks.

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.

The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

-- GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

-- CPI increase kept at around 3%;

-- creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

-- registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

-- a steady rise in import and export volumes;

-- a basic balance in international payments;

-- increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

-- a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

-- further reductions in the release of major pollutants.

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.

综合分析各方面情况，今年我国发展面临的困难更多更大、挑战更为严峻，我们要做打硬仗的充分准备。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.

从国际看，世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力，国际贸易增长低迷，金融和大宗商品市场波动不定，地缘政治风险上升，外部环境的不稳定不确定因素增加，对我国发展的影响不可低估。

从国内看，长期积累的矛盾和风险进一步显现，经济增速换挡、结构调整阵痛、新旧动能转换相互交织，经济下行压力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident; the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties aociated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems; and downward preure on the economy is growing.

但困难和挑战并不可怕。中国的发展从来都是在应对挑战中前进的，没有过不去的坎。经过多年的快速发展，我国物质基础雄厚，经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大，改革开放不断注入新动力，创新宏观调控积累了丰富经验。特别是我们有中国共产党的坚强领导和中国特色社会主义制度，中国人民勤劳智慧。只要我们万众一心，共克时艰，就一定能够实现全年经济社会发展目标。

今年要重点做好八个方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

-- We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.

The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be iued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies; such steps are neceary, feasible, and also safe.

适度扩大财政赤字，主要用于减税降费，进一步减轻企业负担。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.

今年将采取三项举措。一是全面实施营改增，从5月1日起，将试点范围扩大到建筑业、房地产业、金融业、生活服务业，并将所有企业新增不动产所含增值税纳入抵扣范围，确保所有行业税负只减不增。二是取消违规设立的政府性基金，停征和归并一批政府性基金，扩大水利建设基金等免征范围。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.

Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.

三是将18项行政事业性收费的免征范围，从小微企业扩大到所有企业和个人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businees will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.

实施上述政策，今年将比改革前减轻企业和个人负担5000多亿元。同时，适当增加必要的财政支出和政府投资，加大对民生等薄弱环节的支持。创新财政支出方式，优化财政支出结构，该保的一定要保住，该减的一定要减下来。

推荐第4篇：政府工作报告(中英文)

2005年政府工作报告全文（中英文对照）

各位代表：

现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

一、过去一年工作回顾

2004年，全国各族人民在中国共产党领导下，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，团结奋进，

锐意创新，社会主义现代化事业取得令人鼓舞的重大成就。过去一年，我们是在应对新的挑战和考验中前进的

。近两年我国经济运行中出现了一些新问题，主要是粮食供求关系趋紧，固定资产投资膨胀，货币信贷投放过

快，煤电油运紧张。如果任其发展下去，局部性问题就会演变为全局性问题。党中央、国务院审时度势，及时

作出了加强宏观调控的决策和部署，按照果断有力、适时适度、区别对待、注重实效的原则，综合运用经济、

法律手段和必要的行政手段，着力解决影响经济平稳较快发展的突出问题。经过全国上下共同努力，宏观调控

取得明显成效。经济运行中不稳定不健康因素得到抑制，薄弱环节得到加强，避免了经济大的起落。

一年来的成就集中表现在：经济保持平稳较快发展，综合国力进一步增强；改革取得重要进展，对外开放实现

新突破；社会事业加快发展，人民生活继续改善。2004年，国内生产总值达到13.65万亿元，比上年增长9.5%；

财政收入2.63万亿元，增长21.4%；社会消费品零售总额5.4万亿元，增长13.3%；进出口贸易总额1.15万亿美元

，增长35.7%，由上年居世界第四位上升为第三位；城镇新增就业980万人，超过预期目标；城镇居民人均可支

配收入9422元，农村居民人均纯收入2936元，扣除价格因素，分别实际增长7.7%和6.8%。这些成就，标志着我

国在全面建设小康社会道路上又迈出坚实的一步。

一年来，我们主要做了以下几方面工作。

(一)采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，促进粮食增产和农民增收。这次宏观调控是从加强农业入手的。主要措

施是：减免农业税

取消除烟叶以外的农业特产税，对种粮农民实行直接补贴，对部分地区农民实行良种补贴和农机具购置补贴，

对重点粮食品种实行最低收购价政策。大幅度增加对农业、农村特别是粮食主产区的建设投入。全年中央财政

用于“三农”的支出共2626亿元，增长22.5%。同时，推进农业结构调整，多渠道增加农民收入。这些政策措施

力度之大，农民得到实惠之多，是多年来少有的，极大地调动了广大农民的积极性。粮食生产出现重要转机，

全年粮食总产量达到46947万吨，增产3877万吨。粮食增产和农民增收，对于稳定经济全局起到了至关重要的

作用。

(二)控制固定资产投资过快增长，大力加强薄弱环节。主要是严把土地审批和信贷投放两个闸门，控制投资需

求膨胀，遏制部分行业盲目投资和低水平重复建设。深入整顿和规范土地市场秩序，全面清理各类开发区；暂

停半年审批农用地转非农建设用地；制定了《关于深化改革严格土地管理的决定》；完善国土资源管理体制。

提高商业银行存款准备金率，上调金融机构存贷款基准利率，放开贷款利率上限，加强商业银行资本充足率管

理；提高钢铁、水泥、电解铝、房地产等行业建设项目资本金比例。依法清理在建和拟建项目。全年全社会固

定资产投资增长25.8%，增幅比一季度回落17.2个百分点。货币信贷增幅明显减缓。

2 注重结构调整，加大对农业、水利、能源、交通、环保和社会事业的投资力度。长达4000公里的西气东输管道

全线贯通并投入商业运营，三峡工程、西电东送、青藏铁路、南水北调等重大建设取得新进展。全年新增煤炭

生产能力1.2亿吨，新增发电装机容量5055万千瓦，铁路新线投产1433公里，新增公路通车里程4.6万公里。

西部大开发继续推进，新开工10项国家重点建设工程，总投资800亿元。东北地区等老工业基地振兴开局良好，

国家支持启动了197个调整改造项目，15个采煤沉陷区治理工程开始建设。

加强经济运行调节，缓解煤电油运紧张状况。从增加供给、抑制不合理需求、协调供需关系等方面采取有力措

施，保障了经济社会发展和人民生活的需要。

(三)不失时机推进经济体制改革，扩大对外开放。深化粮食流通体制改革，全面放开粮食收购市场。农村税费

改革进入逐步取消农业税的新阶段。国有企业改革取得新进展，国有资产监管体制框架初步建立。国有商业银

行股份制改革顺利推进。农村信用社改革扩大到29个省(自治区、直辖市)。制定并实施投资体制改革方案。全

面落实出口退税改革措施，做到了老账全部还清、新账不欠。在东北老工业基地开展了增值税转型改革试点

。深入整顿和规范市场秩序，加强食品、药品安全监管，加大知识产权保护力度。坚决打击制售假冒伪劣商品

、偷逃骗税和走私等违法犯罪活动。

我们履行加入世贸组织承诺，继续降低关税，扩大开放领域，贯彻修订后的对外贸易法，全面放开外贸经营权

。实施“走出去”战略，参与区域经济合作。内地与香港、澳门更紧密经贸关系安排顺利实施。全年实际利用

外商直接投资606亿美元。

3 (四)加大政策支持和财政投入，促进各项社会事业发展。各级政府加大对科技、教育、文化、卫生、体育事业

的支持，中央财政用于这些方面的支出987亿元，投入国债资金147亿元。

国家创新体系、基础研究、科技基础设施建设和基层科技工作进一步加强。一批重大科技项目和高新技术产业

化取得新进展。围绕制定国家中长期科学和技术发展规划，组织2000多位专家对若干战略问题进行研究论证。

新一轮教育振兴行动计划进展顺利。西部地区“两基”攻坚计划开始实施。加大对贫困地区农村义务教育的支

持，继续实施农村中小学危房改造。为中西部地区农村义务教育阶段2400多万贫困家庭学生免费提供教科书。

职业教育加快发展。高等教育注重提高质量。高校贫困家庭学生资助体系进一步完善。

以建设全国疾病预防控制体系和突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系为重点，加快公共卫生事业发展。1410个县级

和250个省、市(地)级疾病预防控制中心基本建成，290所紧急

救援中心陆续开工。加强对重大疾病的防治工作。重视农村卫生设施建设，稳步进行新型农村合作医疗制度试

点。采取果断措施，及时遏制高致病性禽流感疫情蔓延。

推进文化体制改革和文化事业发展，加强文化市场管理。中央财政安排专项资金支持533个县级图书馆、文化馆

和4万个村广播电视设施建设。国家重大文化项目建设和自然历史文化遗产地保护得到加强。对外文化交流更加

活跃。群众性体育活动蓬勃开展。我国运动员在第28届奥运会、第12届残疾人奥运会上取得优异成绩。

加强国土资源、环境保护和生态建设工作。加大了耕地保护力度。重点流域和区域污染防治取得新进展。农村

计划生育工作进行了新的探索，并取得积极成果。

(五)努力改善人民生活，重视解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题。进一步落实各项政策措施，促进就业和

4 再就

业。继续做好“两个确保”和城市“低保”工作。从2004年7月1日起，全国提高企业退休人员基本养老金标准

。许多地方适时提高“低保”标准。完善城镇社会保障体系试点工作继续推进。中央财政全年用于社会保障的

资金达1465亿元，增长18.1%。

加大扶贫工作力度，中央财政安排扶贫资金122亿元，农村贫困人口比上年减少290万。去年，部分地区发生严

重自然灾害，各级政府及时做好抗灾、救灾和灾后重建工作，累计救助灾民6800万人次。

依法解决农村征地、城镇房屋拆迁和企业改制中损害群众利益的问题。拖欠农民的征地补偿费已基本偿还。全

面清理建筑领域拖欠工程款和进城务工农民的工资，已偿还历年拖欠工资332亿元。维护人民群众合法权益摆在

了政府工作更加重要的位置。

(六)加强民主法制建设，全力维护社会稳定。积极推进基层民主建设，进一步健全村务公开和村民自治制度，

继续完善城市社区居民自治和基层管理体制。高度重视政府法制工作。国务院制定了《全面推进依法行政实施

纲要》，明确了建设法治政府的目标和任务；提出了《公司法》、《传染病防治法》修订

草案和《公务员法》草案等7部法律议案，制定了32件行政法规。各级政府认真实施《行政许可法》，取消和调

整了一大批行政审批项目。强化执法监督，审计、监察等部门做了大量卓有成效的工作。我们组织制定了国家

突发公共事件总体应急预案，以及应对自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和社会安全等方面105个专项和部门应急

预案；各省(区、市)也完成了省级总体应急预案的编制工作。建设法治政府，全面履行政府职能，取得突破性

进展。以解决损害群众利益的突出问题为重点，深入开展廉政建设和反腐败斗争。加强社会治安综合治理，推

进治安防控体系建设。依法严厉打击各种刑事犯罪活动，初步遏制了严重刑事案件上升势头。加强和改进信访

工作，积极化解各类矛盾。

民族、宗教、侨务工作进一步加强。国防和军队现代化建设取得新进展。外交工作开创新局面，我国的国际地

位进一步提高。

一年来各方面的显著成就，是以胡锦涛（图片-新闻-网页）同志为总书记的党中央驾驭全局、正确领导的结果

，是全国各族人民齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果，各地方各部门做了大量艰苦细致的工作，社会各界、各个方面

作出了重要贡献。我代表国务院，向全国工人、农民、知识分子和干部，向社会主义劳动者和社会主义事业建

设者，向解放军指战员、武警部队官兵和公安民警，表示诚挚的感谢！向全国各族人民、各民主党派、各人民

团体和各界人士对政府工作的信任和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持祖国建设和统一的香港特别行政区

同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞，以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示

诚挚的感谢！

过去一年，我们不仅大步推进各项事业，而且在丰富的实践中思想认识得到升华。各级政府增强了贯彻中央决

策和部署的自觉性，提高了用好重要战略机遇期、更好推动发展的认识和能力。我们的主要体会是：

——必须坚持树立和落实科学发展观。科学发展观是中国共产党对社会主义现代化建设指导思想的新发展。它

进一

步明确了发展是硬道理，要以经济建设为中心，注重提高经济增长质量和效益；要以人为本，注重“五个统筹

6 ”，实现经济社会全面协调可持续发展。无论是解决当前经济运行中的突出矛盾和问题，还是全面建设小康社

会，都必须以科学发展观为指导。要把科学发展观贯彻到改革开放和现代化建设的全过程。

——必须坚持加强和改善宏观调控。近两年来的宏观调控，是认真落实科学发展观的重要实践。宏观调控与市

场机制都是社会主义市场经济体制的有机组成部分。要更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，同时

要搞好宏观调控。关键是要根据经济运行的变化，把握好调控的方向、重点、时机和力度，改进调控方式方法

，主要运用经济、法律手段，辅之以必要的行政手段，促进经济平稳运行和持续较快发展。

——必须坚持推进改革开放。我国经济体制改革仍处在攻坚阶段。要坚定不移地深化改革，消除阻碍经济发展

和造成经济不稳定的体制性根源，为实现经济社会全面协调可持续发展提供制度保障。在推进经济体制改革的

同时，要协调推进政治体制改革和其他方面的改革。要坚持以开放促改革、促发展，全面提高对外开放水平，

建设更加开放、更具活力的经济体系。

——必须坚持处理好全局和局部的关系。全国经济是一个有机整体，应当按照“全国一盘棋”的战略布局，充

分发挥各个地区的优势，调动中央和地方两个积极性。国家制定方针政策，必须考虑全局利益和长远发展，又

要照顾不同地区、不同行业的特点；地方要充分发挥各自的积极性，又必须服从国家全局和长远发展的需要。

——必须坚持按客观规律办事。我国现代化建设要始终坚持从国情出发，自觉遵循客观规律。既要积极进取，

抓住机遇加快发展，又不能脱离实际条件，盲目扩大建设规模、片面追求经济增长速度。否则，欲速则不达，

7 还会造成严重损失。经济工作和其他工作都要注重实效，把发挥主观能动性和遵循客观规律统一起来。

——必须坚持把人民群众利益放

在第一位。要切实维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益，着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题，保障城乡

困难群众的基本生活。不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要，是社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。只有执政

为民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。

总结一年来的工作，我们清醒地看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和困难。一是经济运行中的突出矛盾虽

有所缓解，但尚未根本解决。农业基础薄弱的状况没有明显改变，保持粮食增产和农民增收的难度增加；固定

资产投资还有可能反弹；煤电油运仍相当紧张；物价上涨的压力较大。二是社会发展中的问题突出。一些地方

特别是广大农村教育、卫生、文化等社会事业需要解决的问题较多；城乡之间、地区之间发展差距和部分社会

成员之间收入差距过大；部分低收入群众生活比较困难；影响社会稳定的因素不少。三是经济社会发展中的一

些长期性问题和深层次矛盾依然存在。主要是：就业压力巨大；经济结构不合理，产业技术水平低，第三产业

发展滞后；投资率持续偏高，消费率偏低；经济增长方式粗放，资源约束和环境压力加大。特别是制约经济社

会健康发展的体制性机制性问题仍很突出。

我们也清醒地看到，政府工作还存在不少缺点。政府自身改革和职能转变滞后，行政审批事项仍然过多，社会

管理和公共服务职能比较薄弱；一些部门之间职责不清、协调不力，管理方式落后，办事效率不高；有些关系

群众利益的问题还没有得到根本解决；有些政府工作人员依法行政观念不强；形式主义、官僚主义、弄虚作假

和奢侈浪费的问题比较突出；腐败现象在一些地方、部门和单位比较严重。

对以上问题，我们要高度重视并继续采取措施加以解决。要增强忧患意识和责任感，戒骄戒躁，励精图治，知

难而进，坚持不懈地做好工作，绝不辜负人民的重托和期望。

二、2005年工作总体部署

今年，是全面完成“十五”任务、为“十一五”发展打好基础的关键一年。(

政府工作的基本思路是：以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，认真贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中、

四中全会精神，坚持用科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局，加强和改善宏观调控，以改革开放为动力推进各项

工作，构建社会主义和谐社会，推动社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明共同进步。

综合考虑国内外各种因素，今年经济社会发展主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长8%左右；城镇新增就业900万

人，城镇登记失业率控制在4 .6%；居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4%；国际收支保持基本平衡。

保持经济平稳较快发展，是政府工作必须把握好的重大问题。我国正处于重要战略机遇期，经济应有较快发展

，但增长速度也要适当。经济大起或大落，都不利于经济发展，不利于改革开放，不利于社会稳定。中央提出

今年经济增长预期目标为8%左右，是为了使预期目标符合实际情况，既考虑需要，也考虑可能，兼顾了就业、

物价等其他预期目标的要求。在社会主义市场经济条件下，经济社会发展预期目标是指导性的，可以根据经济

运行的变化进行调整。各地区应当从实际出发，实事求是地提出本地区经济社会发展的预期目标，切实把工作

重点放在提高经济增长质量和效益上，不要盲目攀比经济增长速度。

全面完成今年经济社会发展的各项任务，在工作指导和部署上，要突出抓好三个方面：一是着力搞好宏观调控

9 。进一步消除经济运行中不稳定不健康因素，推进经济结构调整和增长方式转变，保持经济平稳较快发展，保

持价格总水平基本稳定。二是着力推进改革开放。坚持以改革推动各项工作，把深化改革同落实科学发展观、

加强和改善宏观调控结合起来，注重用改革的办法解决影响发展的体制问题。全面提高对外开放水平，更好地

利用国内国际两个市场、两种资源。三是着力建设和谐社会。建设民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力

、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会主义和谐社会，要广泛团结一切可以团结的力量，充分调动一切积极因

素，激发

全社会的创造活力；要妥善处理各方面利益关系，让全体人民共享改革和建设的成果；要正确处理改革发展稳

定的关系，努力为经济社会持续发展创造有利条件和良好环境。

三、继续保持经济平稳较快发展

今年经济发展要着重抓好以下四个方面工作。

(一)坚持加强和改善宏观调控。从当前经济运行情况看，宏观调控工作不能放松。今年要实行稳健的财政政策

和稳健的货币政策，加强各项宏观经济政策的协调配合。要更好地贯彻区别对待、有保有压的原则，更加注重

发挥市场机制的作用，更加注重运用经济手段和法律手段，巩固和发展宏观调控成果。

实施稳健的财政政策。1998年以来，为了应对亚洲金融危机影响和国内需求不足问题，中央实行了积极的财政

政策。实践证明，这一政策是正确的，取得了显著成效。鉴于目前投资规模已经很大、社会资金增加较多，有

必要也有条件由扩张性的积极财政政策转向松紧适度的稳健财政政策。今年要适当减少财政赤字，适当减少长

期建设国债发行规模。拟安排中央财政赤字3000亿元，比上年预算减少198亿元；拟发行长期建设国债800亿元

，比上年减少300亿元，同时增加中央预算内经常性建设投资100亿元。继续发行一定规模的长期建设国债，主

要是为了加大对“三农”、社会发展、生态建设和环境保护等薄弱环节的投入，支持西部大开发、东北地区等

老工业基地振兴，支持老、少、边、穷地区加快发展；还有一部分在建项目也需要国债资金继续予以支持。要

认真做好财税工作。依法加强税收征管，全面清理和规范税收优惠政策，严格控制减免税，确保财政收入稳定

增长。要严格控制一般性支出增长，保证重点支出需要。全面厉行节约，反对铺张浪费。

继续实行稳健的货币政策。合理调控货币信贷总量，既要支持经济发展，又要防止通货膨胀和防范金融风险。

改善金融调控方式，灵活运用多种货币政策工具。引导金融企业优化信贷结构，改进金融服务，支持有市场、

有效益的企业流动资金贷款需要，增加

对中小企业和农村的贷款，合理控制中长期贷款。加强对金融企业的监管。积极稳妥地处置各类金融隐患，严

厉打击金融领域违法犯罪活动，确保金融安全高效稳健运行。

控制固定资产投资规模。继续把好土地审批和信贷投放两个闸门。坚持实行最严格的土地管理制度，完善政策

，从严执法。加强城市规划和土地管理，继续开展土地市场治理整顿，严格控制农用地转为建设用地，合理控

制城市建设规模。加快完善重点行业的产业政策、专项规划和市场准入标准。着力优化投资结构，引导社会资

金投向发展的薄弱环节。继续搞好经济运行调节，进一步缓解煤电油运紧张状况。

积极扩大消费需求。实行有利于扩大消费的财税、金融和产业政策。稳步发展消费信贷等新型消费方式。努力

11 改善消费环境，尤其是加快改善农村公共基础设施，进一步搞活农村流通，开拓农村市场。培育新的消费热点

，扩大服务性消费；引导消费预期，增强消费信心，增加即期消费。

保持价格总水平基本稳定。努力保持粮食等主要农产品价格在合理水平上基本稳定，重点抑制生产资料价格和

房地产价格过快上涨，把握好公共产品和服务价格调整的时机和力度。加强市场和价格监管，坚决制止哄抬物

价行为。

(二)进一步加强“三农”工作。解决好农业、农村、农民问题，仍然是全部工作的重中之重。适应我国经济发

展新阶段的要求，实行工业反哺农业、城市支持农村的方针，合理调整国民收入分配格局，更多地支持农业和

农村发展。要围绕提高农业综合生产能力，实现粮食稳定增产、农民持续增收，从多方面加大支持力度。

一是稳定、完善和强化对农业的扶持政策。加快减免农业税步伐。在全国大范围、大幅度减免农业税。592个国

家扶贫开发工作重点县免征农业税。全部免征牧业税。因减免农(牧)业税而减少的财政收入，主要由中央财政

安排专项转移支付予以补助。今年中央财政为此新增支出140亿元，用于这方面的支出总额将达到664亿元。明

年将在全国全部免征农业税

原定5年取消农业税的目标，3年就可以实现。继续对种粮农民实行直接补贴，增加良种补贴和农机具购置补贴

，对重点粮食品种继续实行最低收购价政策。采取综合措施，控制农业生产资料价格过快上涨。中央财政还将

安排150亿元，增加对产粮大县和财政困难县的转移支付。这项政策对于这些地区的基层建设和农村各项事业发

展具有重要作用。

二是继续推进农业和农村经济结构调整。进一步发展粮食生产，稳定增加粮食播种面积，加强粮食生产

12 基地建

设，严格保护耕地特别是基本农田。推进农业区域化布局、专业化生产和产业化经营，大力发展特色农业。加

快发展农产品加工业。积极发展林业、畜牧业和水产业。发展乡镇企业，壮大县域经济。

三是加强农田水利和农村基础设施建设。国家基本建设投资和国债资金，要重点支持农田水利、生态建设、中

低产田改造、“六小工程”、旱作节水农业及县乡公路建设等。农业综合开发资金进一步向粮食主产区倾斜。

引导和鼓励农民对直接受益的小型基础设施建设投工投劳。

四是加快农业科技创新和技术推广。大幅度增加农业科技投入，加强农业科技创新能力建设，进一步完善农业

技术推广体系。增加重大农业技术推广专项补贴。支持和鼓励科技人员到农村开展技术咨询和服务。

五是多渠道转移农村富余劳动力。发展农村

二、三产业，稳步推进城镇化建设，拓展农村劳动力就业空间。改

善农民进城务工就业、创业环境，积极开展职业技能培训。进一步研究制定涉及农民工的各项政策。引导农村

劳动力合理有序流动。

(三)加快推进经济结构调整和增长方式转变。

推进产业结构优化升级。坚持走新型工业化道路。依靠科技进步，围绕提高自主创新能力，推动结构调整。加

快开发对经济增长有重大带动作用的高新技术，以及能够推动传统产业升级的共性技术、关键技术和配套技术

。抓紧制定若干重大领域关键技术创新的目标和措施，务求尽快取得新突破。完善鼓励创新的体制和政策体系

。

坚持引进先进技术和消化吸收创新相结合，增强自主开发能力。大力发展高新技术产业，积极推进国民经济和

社会信息化。加快用高新技术和先进适用技术改造提升传统产业。以重大工程为依托，推动装备制造业振兴。

在专项规划指导下，继续加强能源、重要原材料等基础产业和水利、交通、通信等基础设施建设。积极发展现

代流通、旅游、社区服务等第三产业。既要加快发展资金技术密集型产业，又要继续发展劳动密集型产业。

促进企业技

术改造和重组。要立足于现有企业基础，重视盘活用好存量资产，防止盲目铺新摊子。要从财税、金融和土地

利用等方面，加大对重点企业技术改造的支持。注重企业技术改造与企业改革结合。支持和引导社会资金用于

现有企业重组和技术改造。

注重能源资源节约和合理利用。缓解我国能源资源与经济社会发展的矛盾，必须立足国内，显著提高能源资源

利用效率。一要坚决实行开发和节约并举、把节约放在首位的方针。鼓励开发和应用节能降耗的新技术，对高

能耗、高物耗设备和产品实行强制淘汰制度。二要抓紧制定专项规划，明确各行业节能降耗的标准、目标和政

策措施。抓好重点行业的节能节水节材工作。鼓励发展节能环保型汽车、节能省地型住宅和公共建筑。三要大

力发展循环经济。从资源开采、生产消耗、废弃物利用和社会消费等环节，加快推进资源综合利用和循环利用

。积极开发新能源和可再生能源。四要加强矿产资源开发管理。整顿和规范矿产资源开发秩序。完善资源开发

利用补偿机制和生态环境恢复补偿机制。五要大力倡导节约能源资源的生产方式和消费方式，在全社会形成节

约意识和风气，加快建设节约型社会。

加强环境保护和生态建设。要抓紧解决严重影响人民群众健康安全的环境污染问题。以水污染防治为重点，

14 加

强工业和城市污染治理，加强农村面源污染治理，加强饮用水源地保护。实行严格的排污总量控制制度，加大

环保监督和执法力度。大力推行清洁生产，发展环保产业。继续搞好天然林保护

和草原建设，加强风沙源和水土流失治理。我们的奋斗目标是，让人民群众喝上干净的水、呼吸清新的空气，

有更好的工作和生活环境。

(四)积极推动区域协调发展。实施西部大开发，振兴东北地区等老工业基地，促进中部地区崛起，鼓励东部地

区加快发展，是从全面建设小康社会和加快现代化建设全局出发作出的整体战略部署。实行符合各地特点、发

挥比较优势、各有侧重又紧密联系的区域发展战略，体现了统筹协调发展的要求，既有利于充分调动各地区

的积极性，又有利于东中西互动、优势互补、相互促进、共同发展。

认真总结实施西部大开发战略五年来的经验。国家要从政策措施、资金投入、产业布局、人才开发等方面，进

一步加大对西部地区的支持。继续加强基础设施建设和生态环境建设。做好退耕还林、退牧还草工作。大力开

发优势资源，发展特色产业，提高加工增值能力。加快推进重点区域、重点地带开发。积极扩大对内对外开放

，加强与周边国家和地区的经济技术合作。抓紧建立西部开发长期稳定的专项资金渠道。

全面落实中央关于振兴东北地区等老工业基地的各项政策措施。大力发展现代农业，加强国家商品粮基地建设

。加快产业结构调整升级和重点企业改革改组改造。研究建立资源型城市衰退产业援助机制，促进经济转型。

认真做好增值税转型试点和完善城镇社会保障体系扩大试点工作。东北等老工业基地要在加快改革、扩大开放

中，主要依靠体制机制创新，走出一条实现振兴的新路子。

抓紧研究制定促进中部地区崛起的规划和措施。充分发挥中部地区的区位优势和综合经济优势，加强现代农业

特别是粮食主产区建设；加强综合交通运输体系和能源、重要原材料基地建设；加快发展有竞争力的制造业和

高新技术产业；开拓中部地区大市场，发展大流通。国家要从政策、资金、重大建设布局等方面给予支持。

东部地区加快发展，有利于增强国家实力和竞争力，也有利于支持和带动其他地区发展。东部地区要在优化经

济结构(

深化体制改革、转变增长方式等方面走在前面。更加注重提高经济整体素质和国际竞争力，进一步发展外向型

经济；更加注重促进城乡、经济社会协调发展，切实加强耕地保护、资源节约和生态环境建设。积极支持和帮

助中西部地区发展。

采取更加有力的措施，支持革命老区、少数民族地区、边疆地区和贫困地区加快经济社会发展。

四、大力推进经济体制改革和对外开放

今年，我们要用更大力量推进经济体制改革，在一些重点领域和关键环节取得新突破。

(一)继续推进农村改革。农村税费改革是农村经济社会领域的一场深刻变革。全部免征农业税，取消农民各种

不合理负担，彻底改变两千多年来农民种田缴纳“皇粮国税”的历史，实现这一目标只是农村税费改革迈出的

第一步，巩固改革成果还要付出更大的努力，走更长的路。必须抓紧研究解决税费改革中的新矛盾新问题，把

工作的重点放在搞好乡镇机构、农村义务教育体制和县乡财政管理体制等各项改革上。这是更为重要、也更为

复杂艰巨的任务。同时，要深化粮食流通体制改革、农村金融改革、农村土地管理制度改革。

16 (二)深化国有企业改革。国有企业改革仍然是经济体制改革的中心环节，必须坚定不移地按照中央确定的方针

政策继续推进。一要坚持国有经济布局和结构的战略性调整，完善国有资本有进有退、合理流动的机制。积极

发展具有自主知识产权、知名品牌和国际竞争力的大公司大企业集团。二要加快国有大型企业股份制改革。按

照建立现代企业制度的要求，健全公司法人治理结构，转换企业经营机制。推行企业年度经营业绩和任期业绩

责任制。规范国有企业经营者薪酬制度。三要加快解决企业办社会问题，继续做好国有企业政策性关闭破产工

作，建立依法破产机制。四要深化电力、电信、民航等行业改革，推进邮政、铁路行业和城市公用事业改革，

放宽市场准入，引入竞争机制。要完善国有资产管理体制和监管方式，建立国有资本经营预算制度，规范国有

企业改制和国有产

权转让，防止国有资产流失，维护职工合法权益。要深化集体企业改革，推动多种形式的集体经济发展。

(三)鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济发展。认真贯彻落实国务院《关于鼓励支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经

济发展的若干意见》，为非公有制企业创造平等竞争的法治环境、政策环境和市场环境；进一步放宽非公有资

本进入的行业和领域，拓宽非公有制企业融资渠道，依法保护私有财产权和非公有制企业权益。改进政府对非

公有制企业的服务和监管。非公有制企业要提高自身素质，遵守国家法律法规政策和安全、环保等规定，保障

职工合法权益。

(四)加快金融体制改革。这是关系改革和发展全局的重要任务。要加快国有商业银行改革，搞好股份制改革试

点。推进政策性银行和其他商业银行改革。积极稳步发展多种所有制金融企业。继续抓紧落实国务院《关于推

17 进资本市场改革开放和稳定发展的若干意见》，加强资本市场基础建设，建立健全资本市场发展的各项制度，

切实保护投资者特别是公众投资者的合法权益，营造资本市场稳定和健康发展的良好环境。深化保险业改革，

规范保险市场秩序。稳步推进利率市场化和人民币汇率形成机制改革，保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上基

本稳定。完善金融监管体系，加强和改进金融监管。

(五)推进财税体制和投资体制改革。健全公共财政体制，完善和规范中央财政转移支付制度。完善省级以下财

政体制。搞好增值税转型试点，制定全面实施方案。完善出口退税机制。深化预算管理制度改革。全面落实投

资体制改革决定，制定相关办法，完善项目审批、核准和备案制度；建立新形势下的全社会投资调控体系；规

范政府投资的范围和行为；健全政府投资监管制度；建立政府投资和国有企业投资责任制与责任追究制，从根

本上改变投资决策失误而无人负责的状况。

(六)加强市场体系建设。积极发展各类要素市场。规范发展产权交易市场。推进流通体制改革，大力发展现代

流通方式。深化价格改革，理顺价格关

系。深入整顿和规范市场秩序，重点是继续抓好直接关系人民群众身体健康和生命安全的食品、药品市场专项

整治；继续整顿和规范农资市场、建筑市场和房地产市场；深入开展保护知识产权专项行动；严厉打击非法传

销和各种商业欺诈行为，打击走私、偷逃骗税、洗钱等经济犯罪活动。加快社会信用体系建设。

今年，我国对外开放面临不少新情况。关税要降到加入世贸组织承诺的水平，取消大多数非关税措施，进一步

开放服务领域。我们要适应新形势，切实做好对外开放工作。一要加快转变对外贸易增长方式。优化出口商品

结构，促进加工贸易升级，保持出口继续增长。继续搞好能源、重要原材料、关键技术和重大设备的进口。

18 改

革口岸管理体制，加快“大通关”建设。妥善处理国际贸易摩擦和纠纷。二要继续积极合理利用外资。着力提

高利用外资质量，更好地把引进外资与提升国内产业结构和技术水平结合起来。鼓励外商投资高新技术产业、

现代服务业、现代农业和中西部地区，限制高消耗、高污染的项目。三要进一步实施“走出去”战略。鼓励有

条件的企业对外投资和跨国经营，加大信贷、保险、外汇等支持力度，加强对“走出去”企业的引导和协调。

建立健全境外国有资产监管制度。四要抓紧做好加入世贸组织后过渡期各项工作。继续发展多边、双边经贸关

系，积极参与区域经济合作。

五、积极发展社会事业和建设和谐社会

贯彻落实科学发展观，必须大力实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略和可持续发展战略，加快社会事业发展；着

力解决与人民群众切身利益相关的突出问题，维护社会稳定，努力构建社会主义和谐社会。

(一)大力发展科技、教育、文化、卫生、体育事业，加强精神文明建设。加快科技改革和发展。今年要发布国

家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要。继续推进国家创新体系建设。加强基础研究、战略高技术研究和重要公益

性技术研究。继续实施一批重大科技专项，加大关键技术攻关力度。加强重大科技基础设施和国家重点科

研基地建设。深化科技体制改革，加快建立与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的科技管理体制、创新机制和现代

院所制度。充分发挥企业在技术创新中的主体作用。加强产学研结合，促进科技成果产业化。坚持社会科学和

自然科学并重，进一步繁荣和发展哲学社会科学。

切实把教育放在优先发展的战略地位。重点加强农村义务教育，完善以政府投入为主的经费保障机制。继

19 续实

施西部地区“两基”攻坚计划。从今年起，免除国家扶贫开发工作重点县农村义务教育阶段贫困家庭学生的书

本费、杂费，并补助寄宿学生生活费；到2007年在全国农村普遍实行这一政策，使贫困家庭的孩子都能上学读

书，完成义务教育。认真解决好进城务工农民子女上学的问题。着力提高高等教育质量。大力发展各类职业教

育。认真贯彻党的教育方针，加强德育工作，推进素质教育，促进学生全面发展。加快教学内容和方法的改革

与创新，切实减轻学生负担。加快现代远程教育工程建设。继续促进民办教育健康发展。严格规范各类学校招

生和收费制度，加强学校财务管理和监督。

加快卫生事业改革和发展。今年要全面建成疾病预防控制体系，基本完成突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系建设

。切实把医疗卫生工作的重点放在农村，加强农村卫生基础设施和卫生队伍建设。推进新型农村合作医疗制度

试点，探索建立医疗救助制度。加强重大传染病及地方病、职业病的防治工作。认真落实各项预防、救治、关

爱措施，坚决遏制

滋病（图片-新闻-网页）蔓延。开展城市医疗服务体制改革试点。大力发展社区卫生服务。积极发展中医药事

业。深入整顿和规范医疗服务收费和药品购销秩序，切实解决群众看病难、看病贵的问题。

继续做好人口发展战略研究工作。稳定计划生育政策和低生育水平，提高人口素质。扩大对农村部分计划生育

家庭实行奖励扶助制度和“少生快富”扶贫工程的试点。做好老龄人口工作。关心和支持残疾人事业。

大力发展社会主义先进文化。加强思想道德建设，

20 弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神，弘扬集体主义、社会主义思想。加强和改

进未成年人思想道德建设和大学生思想政治教育。推动文化体制改革和机制创新，加快文化事业和文化产业发

展。坚持一手抓繁荣、一手抓管理。发展文学艺术、新闻出版和广播影视业。加强互联网建设和管理。加快农

村基层文化建设，提高广播电视“村村通”水平。深入开展群众性精神文明创建活动。坚持不懈地进行“扫黄

”“打非”斗争。广泛开展全民健身运动。继续做好2008年北京奥运会和2010年上海世界博览会的筹办工作。

加强各类型、多层次人才队伍建设。特别要培养、吸引、用好高层次和高技能人才，促进人才合理流动，加强

人才市场法制建设。

(二)进一步做好就业和社会保障工作，提高人民生活水平。继续实行积极的就业政策。认真落实各项扶持再就

业的政策措施，并把实施范围扩大到集体企业下岗职工。今年中央财政安排109亿元资金支持再就业，比上年增

加26亿元。地方财政也要增加投入。加强就业指导、培训和服务。统筹做好城镇新增劳动力、高校毕业生、复

员退伍军人和农村富余劳动力的就业工作。加强劳动保障监察。

加快社会保障体系建设。完善企业职工基本养老保险制度，坚持社会统筹与个人账户相结合，扩大做实个人账

户试点。推进国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨，今年在全国多数地区基本解决历史遗留的国有

企业下岗职工问题，今后企业裁员将逐步依法直接

纳入失业保险或城市“低保”。依法扩大养老、失业、医疗、工伤等社会保险覆盖面，提高个体、私营和外资

企业的参保率，完善灵活就业人员的参保办法。加大社会保险费的征缴力度，逐步提高统筹层次。研究制定机

21 关事业单位养老保障制度改革方案。进一步完善城市“低保”制度，有条件的地方可探索建立农村居民最低生

活保障制度。做好优待抚恤工作。支持慈善事业发展。

继续增加城乡居民收入，特别是中低收入者收入。通过多种措施促进农民收入持续增长。抓紧建立确保进城

务工农民工资正常支付的机制，继续做好清欠工作。各类企业都要严格执行最低工资制度，按时足额支付职工

工资，并在提高效益的基础上增加职工收入。改革和规范公务员工资制度。

推进收入分配制度改革。整顿和规范分配秩序，抓紧完善个人所得税制度，加大收入分配调节力度，逐步理顺

分配关系，努力解决部分社会成员收入差距过大的问题，促进社会公平。

高度重视解决城乡困难群众基本生活问题。各地要加快建立城乡特殊困难群众的社会救助体系，帮助他们解决

看病、住房、子女上学等实际困难。完善农村“五保户”供养制度。增加扶贫投入，积极帮助贫困地区群众脱

贫致富。做好受灾地区减免税收和受灾群众生产生活救济等工作。

(三)加强民主法制建设，切实维护社会稳定。积极稳妥地推进政治体制改革，加强社会主义民主政治建设。进

一步扩大基层民主，完善基层民主管理制度。做好政府立法工作，重点加强完善宏观调控机制、应对处置各种

突发事件、保障劳动者合法权益等方面的立法。推进司法体制改革，维护司法公正。各级政府都要支持审判机

关和检察机关依法独立行使审判权和检察权。加强普法宣传教育。做好法律服务和法律援助工作。依法保障妇

女、未成年人和残疾人的合法权益。

全面贯彻党的民族政策，坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，巩固和发展平等、团结、互助的社会主义民族关系，

促进各民族共同繁荣进步。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基

本方针，认真实施《宗教事务条例》，做好新形势下的宗教工作。进一步做好侨务工作。

高度重视社会稳定工作。正确处理人民内部矛盾，及时合理地解决群众反映的问题，坚决依法纠正各种损害群

众利益的行为。认真实施《信访条例》，加强和改进信访工作。建立健全社会矛盾纠纷调处机制，完善社会稳

定的预警体系和应急处理机制，积极预防和妥善处置群体性事件。进一步加强社会治安综合治理，积极推进社

会治安防控体系建设。依法严今日焦点：

厉打击各种刑事犯罪，特别是危害国家安全犯罪、严重暴力犯罪、黑社会性质组织犯罪、毒品犯罪和多发性侵

财犯罪，增强人民群众的安全感。提高保障公共安全和处置突发事件的能力，减少自然灾害、事故灾难等突发

事件造成的损失。增强国家安全意识，构建维护国家安全的机制。

去年以来，一些地方和行业发生的多起重大特大安全事故，给人民生命财产造成严重损失。我们必须认真吸取

这些惨痛的教训，采取更加有力的措施加强安全生产工作。要严格安全生产责任制，强化安全管理，加大对安

全生产的检查执法力度，消除各种隐患，预防和减少重大特大事故的发生。当前，要把煤矿安全作为突出任务

，完善煤矿安全监管体制和机制，发挥职工群众对安全生产的监督作用，加大对煤矿安全设施的投入，提高安

全生产技术水平。国务院决定今年安排30亿元建设资金，支持国有煤矿安全技术改造，地方和企业也要增加安

全生产投入。我们要以对人民高度负责的精神，切实改善煤炭生产安全状况。

六、加强行政能力建设和政风建设

一年来，我们在贯彻实施行政许可法、坚持科学民主决策、推进依法行政、加强社会管理等方面，做了一些工

作。我们深知，政府自身建设还有不小差距。我们要认真贯彻党的十六届四中全会精神，加快政府自身改革和

建设步伐。

第一，深化政府机构改革。按照精简、统

一、效能的原则和决策、执行、监督相协调的要求，完善机构设置，

理顺职能分工，严格控制编制，实现政府职

责、机构和编制的科学化、规范化、法定化。要巩固政府机构改革成果，及时解决出现的新问题。加快推进乡

镇机构改革，重点是合理界定乡镇机构职能，精简机构和减少财政供养人员。积极稳妥地分类推进事业单位改

革。依法规范对事业单位的授权行为。

第二，加快转变政府职能。进一步推进政企分开、政资分开、政事分开。坚决把政府不该管的事交给企业、市

场和社会组织，充分发挥社会团体、行业协会、商会和中介机构的作用。政府应该管的事情一定要管好。在继

续抓好经济调节、市场监管的同时，更加注重社会管理和公共服务，把财力物力等公共资源更多地向社会管理

和公共服务倾斜，把领导精力更多地放在促进社会事业发展和建设和谐社会上。认真贯彻行政许可法，继续深

化行政审批制度改革，进一步清理、减少和规范行政审批事项。

第三，改进经济管理方式方法。要彻底改变计划经济的传统观念和做法。各级政府抓经济发展，主要是为市场

主体服务和创造良好发展环境，不能包办企业投资决策，不能代替企业招商引资，不能直接干预企业生产经营

活动。各级领导干部要增强按市场经济规律领导经济工作的意识和能力，增强按国际通行规则办事的意识

24 和能

力，增强主要运用经济、法律手段调节经济运行的意识和能力。

第四，努力建设服务型政府。创新政府管理方式，寓管理于服务之中，更好地为基层、企业和社会公众服务。

整合行政资源，降低行政成本，提高行政效率和服务水平。政府各部门要各司其职，加强协调配合。健全社会

公示、社会听证等制度，让人民群众更广泛地参与公共事务管理。大力推进政务公开，加强电子政务建设，增

强政府工作透明度，提高政府公信力。

第五，提高依法行政能力。认真贯彻依法治国基本方略，全面实施国务院颁布的依法行政纲要，加快建设法治

政府。各级政府及其部门都要严格遵守宪法和法律，依照法定权限和程序行使权力，履行职责，接受监督。实

行行政执法责任制，坚决克服多头执法、执法不公

的现象。强化行政问责制，对行政过错要依法追究。各部门都要加强内部管理，积极配合和支持审计、监察部

门依法履行职责，对于发现的问题要认真整改。进一步扩大公民、社会和新闻舆论对政府及其部门的监督。

第六，大力加强政风建设。坚持以人为本、执政为民。牢固树立科学发展观和正确政绩观，大兴求真务实之风

。严格执行统计法。抓紧研究建立科学的政府绩效评估体系和经济社会发展综合评价体系。坚决反对形式主义

和虚报浮夸，不搞劳民伤财的“形象工程”、“政绩工程”。减少会议和文件，改进会风和文风。严格规范和

控制各种检查、评比、达标活动。认真贯彻国务院第三次廉政工作会议精神，以改革和制度建设为重点，加强

廉政建设和反腐败斗争。结合开展保持共产党员先进性教育活动，加强对公务员的教育、管理和监督，努力建

设一支人民满意的公务员队伍。

各位代表！

加强国防和军队建设，是我国现代化建设的战略任务，是维护国家安全统一的重要保障。坚持以毛泽东军事思

想、邓小平新时期军队建设思想、江泽民（图片-新闻-网页）国防和军队建设思想为指导，紧紧围绕打得赢、

不变质两个历史性课题，加强军队全面建设，切实履行军队在新世纪新阶段的历史使命。始终把思想政治建设

摆在首位，保持军队建设的正确方向。以新时期军事战略方针为统揽，积极推进中国特色军事变革，提高部队

信息化条件下的整体防卫作战能力。深入开展科技练兵，培养高素质新型军事人才。大力加强国防科研和武器

装备现代化建设。继续推进国防科技工业改革和发展。圆满完成裁减军队员额20万的任务。推进军队后勤建设

，增强保障能力。坚持从严治军、依法治军，提高军队正规化水平。加强人民武装警察部队建设，提高执勤和

处置突发事件的能力。增强全民国防观念，完善国防动员体制，加强后备力量建设。各级政府要积极支持国防

和军队建设，促进军政军民团结。

各位代表！

我们将坚定不移地贯彻执行“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高

度自治的方针，严格按照香港特别行政区基本法和澳门特别行政区基本法办事。全力支持香港、澳门两个特别

行政区行政长官和政府依法施政，进一步提高施政能力。加强内地同香港、澳门在经贸、教育、科技、文化、

卫生等领域的交流与合作，促进香港、澳门长期繁荣、稳定和发展。

我们坚持“和平统

一、一国两制”的基本方针和现阶段发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程的八项主张，维

26 护台海和平和两岸关系稳定发展。我们鼓励和推动两岸人员往来和经济、文化等领域的交流与合作，鼓励和推

动两岸直接“三通”。继续争取在一个中国原则基础上恢复两岸平等的协商和谈判。只要是对两岸关系发展与

和平统一有利的事，我们都会尽最大努力去做。这次大会将要审议的《反分裂国家法(草案)》，充分体现我们

以最大的诚意、尽最大的努力争取和平统一的一贯立场，表明全中国人民维护国家主权和领土完整、绝不允许

“台独”分裂势力以任何名义、任何方式把台湾从中国分割出去的共同意志和坚定决心。我们将与广大台湾同

胞一道，为完成祖国统一大业而共同奋斗！

七、坚持和平发展道路与独立自主的和平外交政策

国际形势正在发生复杂而深刻的变化。和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题。中国社会主义现代化建设道路是一

条和平发展的道路。这条道路，就是利用世界和平的有利时机实现自身发展，又以自身的发展更好地维护和促

进世界和平；就是在积极参与经济全球化和区域合作的同时，主要依靠自己的力量和改革创新来实现发展；就

是坚持对外开放，在平等互利的基础上，积极发展同世界各国的合作；就是聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展

，长期维护和平的国际环境和良好的周边环境；就是永远不称霸，永远做维护世界和平和促进共同发展的坚定

力量。

我们坚持走和平发展道路，就必须坚定不移地高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，一如既往地奉行独立自主的和平

外交政策，坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上与世界各国友好相处。

一年来，我们积极开展全方位外交，努力争取和平稳定的国际环境、睦邻友好的周边环境、平等互利的合作环

境和客观友善的舆论环境，在一系列涉及世界和地区安全与发展的重大问题上发挥了建设性作用，加强了中国

同世界各国的友好交往和互利合作，中国人民与世界各国人民的友谊进一步增强。我们为维护世界和平、促进

共同发展作出了新贡献。

在新的一年，我们将继续推动世界多极化、国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化，促进经济全球化朝着有利

于各国共同繁荣的方向发展，积极倡导多边主义和新安全观，反对霸权主义和强权政治，反对一切形式的恐怖

主义，推动建立和平稳定、公正合理的国际新秩序。我们将深化与发展中国家的互利合作，维护与发展中国家

的共同利益。坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴的方针，加强与周边国家的友好合作关系，深化区域合作。进一步发展

同发达国家的关系，努力扩大共同利益的汇合点，妥善处理分歧。我们将积极参与国际多边外交活动，维护和

加强联合国及其安理会的权威和主导作用，在国际和地区组织中作出建设性的努力。我们将全面加强经济外交

和对外文化交流，积极维护我国公民在海外的生命安全和合法权益。

中国政府和中国人民愿与世界各国人民一道，共同为维护和促进人类的和平、发展与进步事业而不懈努力。

各位代表！

我国各族人民正意气风发地在中国特色社会主义道路上阔步前进。我们对伟大祖国的美好前景充满信心。让我

们在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，同心同德，

再接再厉，奋发图强，不断夺取改革开放和现代化建设事业的新胜利

Fellow Deputies, On behalf of the State Council, I now submit a report on the work of the

government for your examination and approval and also for comments and suggestions from the

28 members of the National Committee of the Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference. Review of the Work in 2004

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups

held high the great banners of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three

Represents, worked together in an innovative spirit, and made major achievements worth

celebrating in the socialist modernization drive in 2004.

We made progre while responding to new challenges and tests during the past year.Some new

problems have emerged in China\'s economic activities over the last two years, mainly tight grain

supply, overheated investment in fixed aets, exceive money and credit, and shortages of coal,

electricity, petroleum and transportation.If allowed to grow unchecked, these isolated problems

could have had an overall impact.After sizing up the situation, the CPC Central Committee and

the State Council promptly made decisions and arrangements for strengthening macro-regulation.

Acting on the principles of adopting resolute and effective measures, taking timely and

appropriate steps, dealing with problems individually and streing practical results, they

worked to solve prominent problems threatening steady and rapid economic development through a

combination of economic and legal means, plus administrative means when neceary.Thanks to the

concerted efforts of the whole nation, their macro-regulation achieved significant results.

Destabilizing, unsound factors threatening economic performance were contained, weak links were

strengthened, and large economic fluctuations were avoided.

The main achievements over the past year were: the economy maintained steady and rapid

development, overall national strength increased, significant progre was made in our reform,

breakthroughs were achieved in opening up, social development was accelerated, and people\'s lives

improved.China\'s GDP in 2004 reached 13.65 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.5 percent over the

previous year.Government revenue came to 2.63 trillion yuan, up 21.4 percent.Retail sales of

consumer goods totaled 5.4 trillion yuan, up 13.3 percent.The volume of imports and exports

totaled 1.15 trillion US dollars, an increase of 35.7 percent, moving China up to third place in

the world from fourth in the previous year.Some 9.8 million urban residents entered the

workforce for the first time, a figure that exceeded the target.Urban per capita disposable

income was 9,422 yuan, an increase of 7.7 percent in real terms after allowing for price factors,

and rural per capita net income was 2,936 yuan, up 6.8 percent in real terms after allowing for

price factors.All of the above shows that China has taken another solid step forward on the road

of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

The work we accomplished during the past year mainly consisted of the following.

1.Adopting more direct and effective policies and measures to stimulate increases in grain

production and rural incomes.Our macro-regulatory initiative started with efforts to strengthen

agriculture.The major measures we took were reducing or exempting the agricultural tax,

rescinding all taxes on special agricultural products except tobacco, directly subsidizing grain

producers, providing subsidies to farmers in certain areas to purchase improved crop strains and

agricultural machinery and tools, and setting a floor price for the purchase of major cereal

varieties.Investment was substantially increased in agriculture and rural areas, particularly in

major grain-producing areas.Altogether, the central government spent 262.6 billion yuan on

agriculture, rural areas and farmers, an increase of 22.5 percent.We also promoted agricultural

restructuring to increase rural incomes through multiple channels.The intensity of these

policies and measures and the substantial benefits to the farmers have rarely been seen in recent

years.This greatly aroused the enthusiasm of farmers, resulting in a rebound in grain

production.Grain output for 2004 totaled 469.47 million tons, 38.77 million tons more than the

previous year.The increases in grain production and farmers\' incomes played a crucial role in

maintaining overall economic stability.2.Bringing exceive investment in fixed aets under

control and strengthening weak links.We curbed expansion of investment demand and the haphazard

investment and low-level, redundant construction in some industries mainly by maintaining strict

control over the twin valves of approval for land use and availability of credit.We thoroughly

rectified and standardized order in the land market and straightened out all types of development

zones.We froze the transfer of land from agricultural to nonagricultural purposes for six

months, formulated the Decision on Deepening Reforms for Tightening Land Management, and improved

the system for managing land and resources.We increased the reserve requirements for commercial

banks, raised the basic interest rates on deposits and loans for financial institutions and the

ceiling for interest rates on loans, and strengthened the management of commercial banks in terms

of capital requirements.We increased the required proportion of up-front capital for

construction projects in the steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and real estate industries.We

straightened out projects under and awaiting construction in accordance with the law.Fixed aet

investment acro the country increased by 25.8 percent for the whole year, 17.2 percentage

points le than the first quarter.The growth of money and credit slowed significantly.

Efforts were focused on restructuring, and investment was increased in agriculture, water

conservancy, energy, transportation, environmental protection and social undertakings.A

4,000-kilometer-long pipeline to divert natural gas from the west to the east was completed in

its entirety and put into operation.Further progre was made on major projects such as the

Three Gorges Dam Project, the West-to-East Electricity Transmiion Project, the Qinghai-Tibet

Railway, and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.Coal production capacity was expanded by

120 million tons, installed power-generating capacity was increased by 50.55 million kilowatts,

and an additional 1,433 kilometers of railways and 46,000 kilometers of highways were opened to

traffic in 2004.

We continued to promote the development of the western region by starting construction on ten key

projects involving investment of 80 billion yuan.The work of revitalizing Northeast China and

other old industrial bases got off to a good start.With state support, 197 improvement or

upgrading projects were undertaken.Work was begun to bring 15 sinkholes in coalmining areas

under control.

Improved regulation of economic activities alleviated shortages of coal, electricity, petroleum

and transportation.Effective measures were adopted to increase supply, curb irrational demand

and balance supply and demand, thus ensuring that the needs of economic and social development

and people\'s well-being were met.

3.Taking advantage of opportunities to move forward with economic restructuring and open wider

to the outside world.We deepened reform of the grain distribution system and lifted all controls

on the grain market.The reform of rural taxes and administrative charges entered a new stage of

gradually phasing out the agricultural tax.Further progre was made in the reform of

state-owned enterprises.A basic framework for the oversight and management system for state

aets was established.The reform to turn state-owned commercial banks into stock companies

progreed smoothly.The reform of rural credit cooperatives was extended to 29 provinces,

autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government.A plan for reforming

the investment system was formulated and implemented.We comprehensively implemented measures to

reform the export tax rebate mechanism, and we cleared up all old outstanding accounts and did

not allow any new ones to emerge.The VAT reform was begun in the old industrial base of

Northeast China on a trial basis.We intensified efforts to rectify and standardize the market

order, strengthened the supervision of food and drug safety and the protection of intellectual

property rights, and resolutely cracked down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit and

substandard goods, tax evasion and fraud, smuggling and other illegal and criminal activities.

To fulfill the commitments we made when we joined the World Trade Organization (WTO), we

continued to lower tariffs and opened more areas to foreign competition.We put into effect a

revised Foreign Trade Law, lifted all controls over the right to engage in foreign trade,

instituted a \"go global\" strategy and participated in regional economic cooperation.We smoothly

implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and Hong Kong and

between the mainland and Macao.China utilized 60.6 billion US dollars in foreign direct

investment in 2004.

4.Increasing policy support and government spending to stimulate the development of all social

undertakings.Governments at all levels increased their support for science and technology,

education, culture, health and sports.Spending for these items amounted to 98.7 billion yuan

from the central budget and 14.7 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds.

We strengthened the national innovation system and infrastructure development for basic research

and for science and technology, as well as primary-level scientific and technological work.

Continued progre was made on a group of major scientific and technological projects and the

industrialization of new and high technologies.We organized over 2,000 experts to study and

discu a number of strategic iues bearing on the formulation of a national medium- and

long-term program for scientific and technological development.

A new round of measures to implement the Action Plan for Invigorating Education was smoothly

introduced, and we started to implement the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically

universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western

region.We increased support for compulsory education in poor rural areas, continued to renovate

dangerous primary and secondary school buildings in rural areas, and provided free textbooks for

more than 24 million students from poor rural families receiving compulsory education in the

central and western regions.The development of vocational education was accelerated.Work in

higher education was centered on improving quality.The financial aid system for college students

from poor families was improved.

We accelerated the development of public health undertakings, focusing on building a national

disease prevention and control system and a medical response system for public health

emergencies.Construction on 1,410 county-level and 250 provincial- and city- (prefectural-)

level disease prevention and control centers was basically completed, and construction on 290

emergency medical centers is underway.We intensified our work to prevent and control serious

diseases.We put a lot of effort into building health facilities in rural areas.Pilot projects

for a new system of rural cooperative medical and health care services progreed steadily.We

adopted resolute measures to promptly halt the spread of highly pathogenic avian flu.

We promoted reform of the cultural system and development of cultural undertakings and

strengthened supervision over the cultural market.Funds were appropriated in the central budget

to support the construction of 533 county-level libraries and community centers, and radio and TV

facilities in 40,000 villages.The development of major state cultural projects and the

protection of natural, historical and cultural heritage sites were intensified.We had more

cultural exchanges with foreign countries.Recreational sports activities flourished.The

performances of Chinese athletes were outstanding at the 28th Olympics and the 12th Special

Olympics.

We intensified our work relating to land and resources, environmental protection and ecological

conservation.We strengthened protection of our arable land.Further progre was made in

preventing and controlling pollution in key river valleys and regions.Positive results were

obtained from trials of new ways of carrying out family planning work in rural areas.

5.Working hard to improve people\'s lives and paying particular attention to solving prominent

problems relating to their vital interests.We further implemented all policies and measures to

stimulate employment and reemployment.We continued succeful efforts to provide the \"two

guarantees\" (guarantee of a basic living allowance for workers laid off from state-owned

enterprises and guarantee that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full, tr.) and

ensure needy urban residents receive subsistence allowances.The national standards for basic

retirement benefits for workers retired from enterprises were raised on July 1, 2004.Many local

governments also promptly raised the level of their subsistence allowances.We continued work on

the pilot projects to improve the urban social security system.A total of 146.5 billion yuan was

spent from the central budget for social security last year, an increase of 18.1 percent over the

previous year.

Poverty alleviation work was intensified, with 12.2 billion yuan appropriated from the central

budget for this work, thereby reducing the number of poverty-stricken rural people by 2.9 million

year-on-year.Some areas of the country suffered serious natural disasters last year.Governments

at all levels promptly provided disaster relief and carried out reconstruction work, aisting 68

million victims.

We solved problems in the expropriation of rural land, the demolition of urban housing and the

transformation of enterprises that infringe on people\'s interests in accordance with the law.

Overdue payments owed to farmers as compensation for expropriated land were basically cleared up.

We thoroughly solved the problem of defaults on construction costs in the construction industry

and unpaid wages for migrant workers.A total of 33.2 billion yuan of wages that had been owed

for a number of years has now been paid.Safeguarding the people\'s lawful rights and interests

was given greater importance in the government\'s work.

6.Strengthening democracy and the legal system and doing everything poible to safeguard social

stability.Democracy at lower levels of government was vigorously expanded, the system for making

village affairs more transparent and the system of self-governance for villagers were

strengthened, and the system of self-governance of communities and management at the primary

level in urban areas was further improved.The government attached great importance to

legislation.The State Council formulated the Program for Comprehensively Implementing Government

Administration in accordance with the Law, which clearly set forth the objectives and tasks for

establishing a law-based government.It also produced revised drafts of the Company Law and the

Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, a draft Civil Service Law and four

other bills and enacted 32 administrative regulations.Governments at all levels conscientiously

implemented the Administrative Permiion Law and eliminated or streamlined a large number of

items requiring administrative approval.Oversight of law enforcement was strengthened, and

auditing and supervision authorities did a great deal of outstanding work.We organized the

formulation of a national master plan for responding to public emergencies, as well as 105

special and departmental plans for responding to emergencies such as natural disasters,

catastrophic accidents, public health emergencies and other threats to public security.All

provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government also

formulated their own emergency response plans.Breakthroughs were made in building a law-based

government and fully performing government functions.

We intensified efforts to build a clean government and combat corruption, focusing on solving

outstanding problems that threatened people\'s interests.We strengthened all facets of public

security and improved the system for crime prevention and control.We severely cracked down on

criminal activities in accordance with law and slowed down the rise in serious crime.We

strengthened and improved the work of handling letters and visits from the people and strove to

resolve all kinds of conflicts.

We intensified work relating to ethnic, religious and overseas Chinese affairs.Further progre

was made in modernizing national defense and the army.Our diplomatic work entered a new phase,

and China\'s international standing rose higher.

The outstanding accomplishments in all areas last year are the result of the Central Committee

with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary staying on top of the overall situation and providing

correct leadership.They are also the result of the people of all ethnic groups working together

as one and tenaciously striving to succeed.All localities and departments did a great deal of

arduous and painstaking work, and all sectors of society and people from all walks of life made

important contributions.On behalf of the State Council, I would like to expre our sincere

gratitude to all our workers, farmers, intellectuals and cadres; to all those who work for the

cause of socialism; and to the members of the People\'s Liberation Army, the armed police and the

public security police.I would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to the people of all our

ethnic groups, to all the democratic parties and ma organizations and to people from all walks

of life for their trust in and support for the work of the government.I would also like to

expre our sincere thanks to all our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,

the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese who care about and

support the development and reunification of our motherland, and to all our friends in other

countries who care about and support China\'s modernization drive.

We not only made great progre in all our undertakings during the past year, but also enhanced

our understanding through a wealth of practical experience.Governments at all levels took more

initiative in implementing the central authorities\' decisions and plans and became better able

and more aware of the need to take advantage of this period of important strategic opportunities

to promote development.The main things we have learned from our experience are as follows.

-- We must establish and implement a scientific outlook on development.This outlook is a new

development that the CPC has incorporated into its guiding ideology for the socialist

modernization drive.It emphasizes that development is an absolute neceity, that we should

focus on economic development and improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and that

we should put people first and stre the \"five balances\" (balancing urban and rural development,

development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and

domestic development and opening wider to the outside world, tr.), in order to achieve all-round,

balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society.We must be guided by a

scientific outlook on development in solving current outstanding problems in economic activities

and in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and adhere to this outlook

during the entire course of reform, opening up and modernization.

-- We must strengthen and improve macro-regulation.Macro-regulation has been an important way of

implementing a scientific outlook on development over the past two years.Both macro-regulation

and market forces are integral components of the socialist market economy.We need to make better

use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources and carry out macro-regulation

well.It is important to adapt the direction, focus, timing and intensity of regulation to

economic changes and to improve the methods of exercising it, which is mainly through economic

and legal means supplemented by administrative means when neceary, in order to promote economic

stability and sustained and rapid economic development.

-- We must continue on the path of reform and opening up.China\'s economic restructuring is still

at a stage where critical problems need to be addreed.We will unswervingly deepen reform and

eliminate structural factors that impede economic development and cause economic instability to

provide an institutional guarantee for all-round, balanced and sustainable economic and social

development.We need to coordinate political restructuring and other reforms with the ongoing

economic restructuring.We need to continue to promote reform and development through opening up

and open up even wider to the outside world in all areas to make China\'s economic system more

open and vigorous.

-- We must balance overall and local interests.Our national economy is an organic whole, so we

should allow different regions to fully exploit their own advantages and mobilize the initiatives

of both central and local governments in line with the strategic concept of \"coordinating all the

activities of the nation like moves in a che game.\" In formulating any principles and policies,

we must consider not only the overall interests of the country and its long-term development but

also the characteristics of each region and industry.Local governments should give full

expreion to their own initiative while subordinating their needs to those of the country as a

whole and the requirements for long-term development.

-- We must act in accordance with objective laws.In our modernization drive we must always

proceed from actual conditions in the country and conscientiously abide by objective laws.We

should work energetically and seize opportunities to speed up development, but we must not ignore

reality, recklely expand the scale of development and only pursue rapid economic growth.If we

do not keep this in mind, we could end up \"just spinning our wheels and going nowhere\" or even

suffering serious loes.Whether we are doing economic work or other work, we must strive for

real results by combining our subjective initiative with adherence to objective laws.

-- We must always put the interests of the people first.We must truly protect the people\'s

economic, political and cultural rights and interests, pay particular attention to solving acute

problems affecting their vital interests, and ensure that poor urban and rural residents have the

basic neceities of life.The fundamental goal of our socialist modernization drive is to

continually meet the growing material and cultural needs of the people.Only if we exercise power

for the good of the people can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people

and draw from them the strength for accomplishing all our undertakings.

In reviewing our work of the past year, we clearly see that many problems and difficulties remain

in our economic and social development.First, although the outstanding problems in economic

activities have been somewhat alleviated, they have yet to be fundamentally solved.Weaknees in

agriculture as the foundation of the economy still have not improved substantially, and it has

become harder to continue increasing grain production and rural incomes.In addition, there is

the poibility of a return to overheating in fixed aet investment, supplies of coal,

electricity, petroleum and transportation are still very tight, and there is still considerable

inflationary preure on prices.Second, there are glaring problems in social development.We

still need to solve quite a few problems in education, health and culture in some areas,

especially rural areas.The development gaps between urban and rural areas and between different

regions and the income gap between some members of society are all too wide.Some low-income

people lead difficult lives and there are more than a few factors threatening social stability.

Third, there are still some longstanding and deep-seated problems in economic and social

development.The main ones are as follows.There is considerable preure on employment.The

economic structure is irrational, the level of industrial technology is low, and tertiary

industry is developing too slowly.The investment rate continues to be too high, and consumption

remains weak.Economic growth is still too crude, and preure on resources and the environment

is increasing.In particular, there are still prominent structural and mechanistic problems that

hinder sound economic and social development.

We are also keenly aware that there are still quite a few shortcomings in the government\'s work.

Self-reform and transformation of government functions are behind schedule, there are still too

many items requiring administrative approval, and social management and public services are

inadequate.The responsibilities of some departments are not clearly defined, making effective

coordination difficult; some management practices are backward; and productivity is low.Some

problems affecting the vital interests of the people have still not been fundamentally solved.

Some government employees are not conscientious enough about performing their duties in

accordance with the law.The problems of formalism, bureaucracy, dishonesty, extravagance and

waste are relatively severe.Corruption is serious in some localities, departments and

organizations.

We must face the above-mentioned problems squarely and continue to adopt measures to solve them.

We have to be mindful of potential perils, elevate our sense of responsibility, guard against

arrogance and rashne, and work hard to make our country strong and prosperous.We must progre

in the face of difficulties and unswervingly do all our work well to ensure that we do not fail

to live up to the great trust and expectations of the people.

II.The Master Work Plan for 2005

This year is crucial for accomplishing all the tasks of the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) and

for laying a solid foundation for development during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010).The

basic ideas for the work of the government this year are: to take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the

important thought of Three Represents as our guide; to conscientiously put into practice the

guidelines of the Sixteenth National Congre of the Party and the Third and Fourth Plenary

Seions of its Sixteenth Central Committee; to continue to guide overall economic and social

development by a scientific outlook on development; to strengthen and improve macro-regulation;

to make reform and opening up the driving force for all our work; to build a harmonious socialist

society; and to promote the simultaneous progre of socialist material, political and spiritual

civilization.

Taking all domestic and international factors into account, we have set our main targets for this

year\'s economic and social development as follows: GDP growth around 8 percent, 9 million new

jobs for urban residents, registered urban unemployment rate within 4.6 percent, rise in the

consumer price index of no more than 4 percent, and basic balance in international payments.

Maintaining steady and rapid economic development is an important iue that the government must

succefully handle.This is a period of important strategic opportunities for China, and the

economy should grow rapidly, but not be allowed to overheat.Both drastic upturns and downturns

in economic growth are bad for economic development, reform and opening up, and social stability.

In setting the target for this year\'s economic growth at around 8 percent, the Central Committee

took into consideration both what is neceary and what is feasible, as well as what will be

needed to meet employment, price and other targets to ensure that the growth target accords with

actual conditions.Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, targets are only

guidelines for economic and social development and can be adjusted in line with economic changes.

All localities should set their targets for economic and social development in line with local

conditions and focus on improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth.They should not

blindly compete with each other for the fastest pace of economic growth.

To ensure completion of all the tasks for economic and social development for 2005, we will pay

particular attention to the following three aspects in our guidance and planning work.First, we

will concentrate on doing our macro-regulatory work well.We will continue to eliminate

destabilizing and unsound factors in our economic activities, promote economic restructuring and

transformation of the pattern of economic growth, maintain steady and rapid economic growth, and

keep overall price levels basically stable.Second, we will pre ahead with reform and opening

up.We will make reform the driving force behind all aspects of our work, integrate efforts to

deepen reform with efforts to implement a scientific outlook on development and to tighten and

improve macro-regulation, and use reform to solve institutional problems in our development.We

will open to the outside world more fully and make better use of both domestic and international

markets and resources.Third, we will build a harmonious society.To build a socialist society

that is democratic and law-based, fair and just, trustworthy and friendly, full of vigor and

vitality, secure and orderly, and in which man and nature are in harmony, we need to unite all

forces that can be united, bring all positive factors into full play and stimulate the creativity

of the entire society.We need to properly balance the interests of all quarters and ensure that

everyone shares the fruits of reform and development.We also need to balance reform, development

and stability and strive to create favorable conditions and a good climate for sustained economic

and social development.

III.Continuing to Ensure Steady and Rapid Economic Development

We need to focus on accomplishing the following four tasks for this year\'s economic development.

1.Continuing to strengthen and improve macro-regulation.In the present state of economic

activities, we cannot slacken our macro-regulation.We need to follow prudent fiscal and monetary

policies and better coordinate our macroeconomic policies this year.We must adhere more closely

to the principle of dealing with different sectors individually and expanding some of them while

contracting others, and emphasize the role of market forces and economic and legal methods in

consolidating and building on our achievements in macro-regulation.

Following a prudent fiscal policy.The central government has followed a proactive fiscal policy

since 1998 to counteract the impact of the Asian financial crisis and boost weak domestic demand.

Time has proven that this policy is correct and that it has produced remarkable results.However,

the scale of investment in China is now quite large and the amount of funds in the hands of the

general public has increased substantially, making it neceary and poible for us to shift from

an expansive proactive fiscal policy to an appropriately tight fiscal policy.We will

appropriately cut the budget deficit and the quantity of long-term treasury bonds for development

this year.The deficit in the central budget for 2005 will be 300 billion yuan, 19.8 billion yuan

le than was budgeted in 2004.The central government plans to iue 80 billion yuan worth of

long-term treasury bonds, 30 billion yuan le than last year, while allocations from the 2005

central budget for investment in regular development project s will be increased by 10 billion

yuan.The long-term treasury bonds iued this year will be used mainly to increase investment in

weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers; social development; and ecological

conservation and environmental protection.The funds will also be used to develop the western

region and rejuvenate Northeast China and other old industrial bases; to support accelerated

development in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and

poverty-stricken areas; and to continue support for some on-going bond-financed projects.We need

to do our fiscal and tax work conscientiously.Tax collection and management need to be tightened

in accordance with the law by screening and standardizing all preferential tax policies and

strictly controlling tax reductions and exemptions to ensure that government revenue rises

steadily.Increases in general spending must be strictly held in check to ensure funding for key

projects.

We need to practice frugality and eliminate waste in all our work.

Continuing to follow a prudent monetary policy.We will appropriately control the supply of money

and credit in order to support economic development while guarding against inflation and

financial risks.We will improve financial regulation by flexibly using a variety of monetary

policy instruments.We will guide financial institutions to optimize their credit structure, to

improve their services, to provide working capital to enterprises that are profitable and have a

ready market for their products, to provide more loans for small and medium-sized enterprises and

for rural areas, and to maintain the amount of medium- and long-term loans at an appropriate

level.To ensure safe, efficient and stable financial operations, we must enhance supervision of

financial enterprises, vigorously yet prudently deal with all types of financial hazards and

crack down on illegal and criminal financial activities.Reining in the scale of fixed aet

investment.We will continue to closely monitor the two valves of approval for land use and

availability of credit.We will maintain the strictest land management system by improving

policies and intensifying law enforcement.We will improve city planning and land management,

further rectify the land market, strictly limit transformation of farmland for use in development

projects and appropriately control the scale of urban development.We will accelerate our work of

improving the policies and plans for key industries and the criteria for their market acce.We

will work hard to improve the distribution of investment and guide non-government investment into

areas that are developing poorly.We will continue to regulate economic activities to further

alleviate tight supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation.

Vigorously expanding consumer demand.We will implement fiscal, tax, financial and industrial

policies that encourage consumption.Consumption on credit and other new forms of consumption

will be developed steadily.We will improve the consumption environment, paying particular

attention to strengthening the rural infrastructure, expanding rural markets and stimulating the

distribution of agricultural products.New areas of consumption will be fostered by such means as

expanding the consumption of services.We will guide consumer expectations and enhance consumer

confidence to increase immediate consumption.

Keeping the overall price level basically stable.We will work hard to keep the prices of grain

and other primary farm products basically stable at a reasonable level, focusing on curbing the

exceively rapid rise in the prices of the real estate and means of production and appropriately

handling the timing and magnitude of price adjustments for public goods and services.Supervision

of markets and prices will be improved to resolutely put an end to price gouging.

2.Improving our work relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Solving the problems

facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers remains a top priority of all our work.To adapt to

the needs of the new stage of our economic development, we will implement the principle of

industry nurturing agriculture and cities supporting the countryside and rationally redirect the

distribution of national revenue toward the development of agriculture and rural areas.We will

expand support for this development in a number of ways, with the focus on expanding overall

agricultural production capacity, steadily improving grain production and constantly increasing

rural incomes.

First, we will maintain, improve and strengthen policies to support agriculture.The proce of

reducing or exempting the agricultural tax will be accelerated.This tax will be substantially

reduced or exempted on a broad scale throughout the country, and it will be exempted in 592 key

counties included in the national plan for poverty alleviation through development.The livestock

tax will be exempted throughout the country.Revenue decreases in local budgets brought about by

reduced or exempted taxes on agriculture and livestock will be offset principally by transfer

payments from the central government.Additional expenditures of 14 billion yuan from the central

budget will be needed for this purpose this year, raising the total expenditures to 66.4 billion

yuan.The agricultural tax will be exempted throughout the country next year, which means that

what had been targeted for five years will be achieved in three.We will continue to directly

subsidize grain producers, increase subsidies to farmers to purchase improved crop strains and

agricultural machinery and tools, and continue to follow a policy of minimum purchase prices for

key grain varieties.Comprehensive measures will be adopted to halt the steep price increases for

the means of agricultural production.The central government will allocate an additional 15

billion yuan to increase transfer payments to major grain-producing counties and to counties with

financial difficulties.This policy is of great importance for developing primary-level

governments and all undertakings in rural areas in these regions.

Second, we will continue to make structural adjustments in agriculture and the rural economy.We

will further develop grain production by stabilizing and increasing the acreage sown to grain,

strengthening development of grain production bases and strictly protecting arable land,

especially primary farmland.We will improve the geographical distribution of agriculture,

promote its specialized production and industrial management, and develop distinctive

agricultural undertakings.Development of farm product proceing industries will be accelerated.

We will energetically develop forestry, animal husbandry and aquaculture.Township and village

enterprises and intra-county economies will be expanded.

Third, we will intensify development of irrigation and water conservancy projects and the rural

infrastructure.Funding from state investment in capital construction and the sale of treasury

bonds will be focused on developing irrigation and water conservancy projects, improving the

eco-system, upgrading low- and medium-yield farmland, developing six categories of small rural

projects [water-efficient irrigation, potable water supplies, road building, methane production

facilities, hydroelectric plants, and pasture enclosure, tr.], expanding dry and water-efficient

farming, and constructing roads linking townships to county seats.Greater priority will be given

to major grain-producing areas in distributing funds for overall agricultural development.We

will encourage and guide farmers to volunteer to work on small infrastructure projects that will

benefit them directly.

Fourth, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural science and technology and spread of the

use of agricultural technology.We will greatly increase investment in agricultural science and

technology, raise innovativene in them, and further improve the system for expanding the use of

agricultural technology.Subsidies will be increased for expanding the use of important

agricultural technologies.We will encourage and support scientists and technicians to go to the

countryside to provide technical consultation and services.

Fifth, we will transfer surplus rural labor to nonagricultural jobs in a variety of ways.Rural

secondary and tertiary industries will be developed to steadily promote urbanization and expand

employment opportunities for rural workers.We will improve the environment for rural workers

looking for jobs or starting their own businees in cities, provide more vocational training for

them, and formulate more policies concerning them.We will guide the movement of rural labor to

ensure that it flows in a rational and orderly way.

3.Accelerating economic restructuring and change in the pattern of economic growth.

Optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure.We will stay on the new road of

industrialization.We will spur industrial restructuring by relying on scientific and

technological advances and focusing on becoming better able to make independent innovations.We

will accelerate development of new and high technologies that can greatly stimulate economic

growth as well as broadly applicable, key and acceory technologies that can propel the

upgrading of traditional industries.We will promptly formulate innovation targets and measures

for achieving them in key technologies in a number of important fields and make breakthroughs as

quickly as poible.We will improve the systems and policies that encourage innovation.We will

continue to introduce advanced technologies, aimilate them, and make innovations in them, while

concentrating on enhancing our own development capacity.We will energetically develop new and

high technology industries and integrate information technology into the national economy and

society.We will accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries through

new and high technologies and advanced applied technologies.We will revitalize the

equipment-manufacturing industry, focusing on major projects.Guided by plans for specific

projects, we will continue strengthening basic industries like the energy industry and important

raw materials industries as well as infrastructure development in water conservancy, transport

and communications.We will vigorously develop tertiary industries such as modern distribution

services, tourism and community services.We need to accelerate the development of capital- and

technology-intensive industries and continue to develop labor-intensive industries.

Promoting the reorganization and technological upgrading of enterprises.We will take existing

enterprises as our base, making good use of reserve capacity and preventing indiscriminate

construction of new facilities.We will give more support in the areas of taxation, financing and

land use to key enterprises undergoing technological upgrading.Efforts will be concentrated on

integrating technological upgrading of enterprises with their reform.We will support and

encourage the investment of non-government capital in the reorganization and technological

upgrading of enterprises.

Paying close attention to conservation and rational use of energy and resources.Efforts to

alleviate the problem of tight supplies of energy and resources needed for economic and social

development must start at home by utilizing energy and resources much more efficiently.First, we

will resolutely adhere to the policy of simultaneously developing and conserving energy and

resources, giving priority to conservation.We will encourage the development and application of

new technologies that use le energy and resources, and institute a system requiring the

elimination of equipment and products that consume exceive quantities of energy and materials.

Second, we will promptly draw up standards and targets for reducing energy and resource

consumption in every industry, along with policies and measures for meeting the targets.This

work will be focused on saving energy, water and materials in key industries.We will encourage

development of energy-efficient, environment-friendly automobiles, and housing and public

buildings that use le energy and land.Third, we will energetically develop the recycling

sector of the economy.We will increase the comprehensive utilization of resources and the

recycling of resources by addreing problems concerning their exploitation, their use in

production and in society, and the utilization of waste materials.We will also work vigorously

to develop new and renewable energy resources.Fourth, management of the exploitation of mineral

resources will be strengthened.We will rectify and standardize the order in their exploitation.

We will improve the compensation mechanisms for the exploitation and utilization of mineral

resources and for restoration of the natural environment.Fifth, we will energetically promote

production and consumption practices that use le energy and resources, increase public

awarene of the importance of conservation, and accelerate the development of a

conservation-minded society.

Strengthening environmental protection and ecological improvement.We must promptly solve

推荐第5篇：政府工作报告中英文对照

2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

政府工作报告

Delivered at the Second Seion of the Eleventh National People\'s Congre on March 5, 2009

——２００９年３月５日在第十一届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上

Wen Jiabao

温家宝

Premier of the State Council

国务院总理

Fellow Deputies,

各位代表：

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also solicit comments and suggestions on the report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

I.Review of the Work in 2008

一、２００８年工作回顾

The year 2008 was truly eventful.Our country\'s economic and social development withstood severe challenges and tests that were rarely seen before.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups faced difficulties squarely, worked with courage and determination, surmounted all difficulties and obstacles, and made new achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization.

２００８年是极不平凡的一年。我国经济社会发展经受住了历史罕见的重大挑战和考验。在中国共产党领导下，全国各族人民迎难而上，奋力拼搏，战胜各种艰难险阻，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

- The national economy continued to maintain steady and rapid growth.GDP

1 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) topped 30 trillion yuan, an increase of 9% over the previous year.Overall price rises were held in check.Government revenue was 6.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 19.5%.Grain output rose for the fifth consecutive year and totaled 528.5 million tons, a record high.

——国民经济继续保持平稳较快增长。国内生产总值超过３０万亿元，比上年增长９％；物价总水平涨幅得到控制；财政收入６．１３万亿元，增长１９．５％；粮食连续五年增产，总产量５２８５０万吨，创历史最高水平。

- Reform and opening up were further deepened.New breakthroughs were made in reforms in key areas and crucial links, such as the fiscal, taxation, financial and pricing systems and administration.Imports and exports totaled US$ 2.56 trillion, an increase of 17.8%.Paid-in foreign direct investment reached $92.4billion.

——改革开放深入推进。财税、金融、价格、行政管理等重点领域和关键环节的改革取得新突破。进出口贸易总额２．５６万亿美元，增长１７．８％。实际利用外商直接投资９２４亿美元。

- Development of social programs was accelerated, and the living standards of the people continued to rise.A total of 11.13 million more urban residents entered the workforce.Urban per capita annual disposable income reached 15,781 yuan, an increase of 8.4% in real terms, and rural per capita net income reached 4,761 yuan, up by 8% in real terms.

——社会事业加快发展，人民生活进一步改善。城镇新增就业１１１３万人；城镇居民人均可支配收入１５７８１元，农村居民人均纯收入４７６１元，实际增长８．４％和８％。

- Great victories were won in the fight against maive natural disasters.The Beijing Olympics and Paralympics were held succefully, and the Shenzhou VII manned space miion was a complete succe.

——全面夺取抗击特大自然灾害的重大胜利。成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会。圆满完成神舟七号载人航天飞行。

These achievements signify that we have taken new and solid steps along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.They have greatly fortified the courage and strength of the people of all our ethnic groups to surmount difficulties and will definitely encourage us to bravely forge ahead on the new historical course.

这些成就，标志着我们在中国特色社会主义道路上迈出新的坚实步伐，极大地增强了全国各族人民战胜困难的勇气和力量，必将激励我们在新的历史征程上继续奋勇前进。

2 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) Last year, we accomplished the following important work: 一年来，我们做了以下主要工作：

1.Making timely and resolute adjustments to macroeconomic policies and doing everything poible to maintain steady and rapid economic development

（一）及时果断调整宏观经济政策，全力保持经济平稳较快发展

We maintained the right direction, focus, intensity and pace of macro control, and adopted a series of policies and measures to promote steady and rapid economic development.In a complex and volatile situation, we actively responded to the severe impact of the global financial crisis and worked hard to make our macro control more proactive, targeted and effective.In the middle of the year, when energy and grain prices on the international market were high, world economic growth slowed, and exports from and economic growth in China\'s coastal regions began to decline, we promptly shifted the priority of macro control to maintaining steady and rapid economic development and controlling price hikes, and adopted relevant fiscal, taxation and financial measures.In September, the international economic situation started to deteriorate sharply and its negative impact became increasingly felt in China.We again resolutely shifted the focus of macro control to preventing economic growth from slowing down too quickly.We implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We raised export rebate rates three times, lowered the benchmark interest rates on savings and loans for financial institutions on five occasions, reduced required reserve ratios four times, suspended the individual income tax on interest earnings from savings, reduced securities transaction stamp tax rates, cut taxes and fees on housing transactions, and increased credit support to small and medium-sized enterprises.In accordance with the requirement that we act fast, be forceful, take targeted measures and stre implementation, we promptly introduced ten measures to further boost domestic demand and promote economic growth, and implemented them without delay.We adopted a succeion of policies and measures to encourage financial institutions to support economic development, promote sound development of the textile and other light industries and the real estate market, expand consumption by improving distribution, maintain steady growth in foreign trade, and keep the employment situation stable.At the same time, we stepped up efforts to formulate plans for restructuring and revitalizing key industries.Together, these measures have played a crucial role in alleviating serious problems affecting economic performance, enhancing confidence, stabilizing expectations and maintaining steady and rapid economic development.

我们正确把握宏观调控的方向、重点、力度和节奏，采取一系列促进经济平稳较快发展的政策措施，在复杂多变的形势下，积极应对国际金融危机的严重冲击，努力增强调控的预见性、针对性和有效性。年中，在国际能源和粮食价格处于高位、世界经济增长放缓的情况下，针对沿海地区出现出口和经济增速下滑苗头，及时把宏观调控的首要任务调整为“保持经济平稳较快发展，控制物价过快上

3 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 涨”，并采取了一些有针对性的财税金融措施。９月份后，国际经济形势急转直下，对我国的不利影响明显加重，我们又果断地把宏观调控的着力点转到防止经济增速过快下滑上来，实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，三次提高出口退税率，五次下调金融机构存贷款基准利率，四次下调存款准备金率，暂免储蓄存款利息个人所得税，下调证券交易印花税，降低住房交易税费，加大对中小企业信贷支持。按照出手要快、出拳要重、措施要准、工作要实的要求，迅速推出进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的十项措施，争分夺秒地加以落实；接连出台金融支持经济发展、促进轻纺工业健康发展、促进房地产市场健康发展、搞活流通扩大消费和保持对外贸易稳定增长、稳定就业等政策措施，加快制定重点产业调整振兴规划。这些措施对缓解经济运行中的突出矛盾、增强信心、稳定预期、保持经济平稳较快发展，发挥了至关重要的作用。

We continued to strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers without any letup.Central government budgetary spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers was 595.5 billion yuan for the whole year, a year-on-year increase of 163.7 billion yuan or 37.9%.This included 103 billion yuan, twice the figure for the previous year, in direct subsidies to grain producers, general subsidies for agricultural production supplies, and subsidies for superior crop varieties and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools.We significantly raised minimum grain purchase prices three times, with the total increase exceeding 20%.We implemented a temporary policy for purchasing and stockpiling major agricultural products.We intensified the protection of arable land and the construction of agricultural water conservancy projects, and increased overall agricultural production capacity.We supported the production of hogs, oilseeds and dairy products.These policies and measures played an important role in maintaining and stimulating the enthusiasm of farmers, ensuring the supply of major farm products and increasing rural incomes, and provided strong support for maintaining overall stability in economic and social development.

毫不放松地加强“三农”工作。全年中央财政用于“三农”的投入５９５５亿元，比上年增加１６３７亿元，增长３７．９％，其中粮食直补、农资综合补贴、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴资金达１０３０亿元，比上年增长一倍。三次较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，提价幅度超过２０％。实施主要农产品临时收储政策。加强耕地保护和农田水利建设，提高农业综合生产能力。扶持生猪、油料、奶业发展。这些政策措施在保护和调动农民积极性、保障重要农产品供给、增加农民收入方面发挥了重要作用，为稳定经济社会发展全局提供了有力支撑。

We unswervingly promoted independent innovation and economic restructuring.We launched 16 major national science and technology projects, and established a number of new national engineering centers, key laboratories and enterprise technology centers in such fields as information technology, biotechnology and environmental protection.We succefully developed a number of key technologies and major equipment in the areas of regional aircraft, automobiles powered by new energy sources and high-speed railways.The central government invested 116.3

4 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) billion yuan in science and technology, an increase of 16.4%.Significant steps were taken in reorganization of the telecommunications and civil aviation industries.We continued to eliminate backward production facilities.Last year, we shut down small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 16.69 million kilowatts and closed 1,054 small coalmines.Investment in infrastructure and basic industries was increased, and a number of major projects in energy, transportation and water conservancy were completed or launched.Steady progre was made in implementing the master strategy for regional development, and economic development in different regions became better coordinated.

坚定不移地推进自主创新和经济结构调整。实施１６个国家重大科技专项。在信息、生物、环保等领域新建一批国家工程中心、重点实验室和企业技术中心。成功研发支线飞机、新能源汽车、高速铁路等一批关键技术和重大装备。中央财政科技投入１１６３亿元，增长１６．４％。电信、航空等行业重组迈出重要步伐。继续淘汰落后产能，全年关停小火电１６６９万千瓦，关闭小煤矿１０５４处。加大基础设施和基础产业投资力度，在能源、交通、水利等方面建成和开工一批重大项目。扎实推进区域发展总体战略，区域经济发展协调性增强。

We steadfastly promoted energy conservation, emiions reduction and ecological and environmental protection.The central government allocated 42.3 billion yuan to support development of ten key energy conservation projects and environmental protection facilities.The daily sewage treatment capacity rose by an additional 11.49 million tons in urban areas, and desulfurization equipment was installed in coal-fired power plants with a total capacity of 97.12 million kilowatts.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 4.59% from the previous year; chemical oxygen demand fell by 4.42%; and sulfur dioxide emiions fell by 5.95%.For the past three years combined, total energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 10.08%; chemical oxygen demand dropped by 6.61%; and sulfur dioxide emiions dropped by 8.95%.We built on the achievements in returning farmland to forests and restoring livestock pastures to gralands, and carried out ecological conservation projects such as protecting virgin forests and developing the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province.We implemented the plan to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys and regions and iued the white paper China\'s Policies and Actions for Addreing Climate Change.

坚持不懈地推动节能减排和生态环境保护。中央财政安排４２３亿元资金，支持十大重点节能工程和环保设施等项目建设。全国新增城市污水日处理能力１１４９万吨，新增燃煤脱硫机组容量９７１２万千瓦。单位国内生产总值能耗比上年下降４．５９％，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分别减少４．４２％和５．９５％。近三年累计，单位国内生产总值能耗下降１０．０８％，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分别减少６．６１％和８．９５％。巩固退耕还林还草成果，推进天然林、青海三江源等生态保护和建设工程。实施重点流域、区域水污染防治规划。发布了《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》白皮书。

5 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

2.Balancing economic and social development and strengthening all aspects of social development with the focus on improving people\'s lives

（二）统筹经济社会发展，全面加强以改善民生为重点的社会建设

Efforts were intensified to increase employment and improve the social safety net.We improved our policy to stimulate and expand employment by encouraging busine startups, and enforced the minimum wage system.The coverage of all social security schemes continued to expand, with 17.53 million more urban workers subscribing to basic old-age insurance, 20.28 million more subscribing to basic medical insurance, and the unemployment, workers\' compensation and maternity insurance steadily expanding to cover more workers.Pensions of enterprise retirees rose by 110 yuan per month per person.We launched trials to reform the basic old-age insurance system for employees of government-affiliated institutions.We actively explored ways to establish a new system of old-age insurance for rural residents and made steady progre in making social security available to rural migrant workers in urban areas and farmers whose land has been expropriated.We comprehensively improved the system of cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents, and provided allowances to 66.19 million residents.We raised living allowances for low-income groups and university students in a timely fashion.Preferential treatment enjoyed by key entitled groups was increased substantially.We intensified efforts to develop low-income housing and renovate shantytowns, thus alleviating some of the housing difficulties of the low-income population.An additional of more than 48 million rural people gained acce to safe drinking water.

就业和社会保障工作进一步加强。完善促进就业、以创业带动就业的政策，落实最低工资制度。各项社会保险覆盖面继续扩大，城镇职工基本养老保险、基本医疗保险参保人数分别增加１７５３万和２０２８万，失业、工伤、生育保险参保人数继续增加。企业退休人员养老金人均每月新增１１０元。启动事业单位基本养老保险制度改革试点。积极探索建立新型农村社会养老保险制度，农民工、被征地农民社会保障工作稳步推进。全面加强城乡居民最低生活保障制度建设，救助人数达到６６１９万人。及时增加对低收入群体和大学生的生活补贴。大幅度提高重点优抚对象的抚恤优待标准。加大保障性住房建设和棚户区改造力度，低收入群众住房困难问题得到一定程度缓解。解决４８００多万农村人口的饮水安全问题。

Further progre was made in promoting fair education for all.Free compulsory education became available to all students, urban or rural, throughout the country, and all rural students receiving compulsory education obtained free textbooks.The standards for repairing and renovating school buildings in the central and western regions were raised, and the government allocated 3.25 billion yuan to provide heating to rural primary and secondary schools in the north.Development of vocational education was accelerated.The national financial aid system for students

6 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) was further improved.The central government spent 22.3 billion yuan and local governments increased funding as well to aist more than 20 million students.Grants of 1,500 yuan per student per annum were given to secondary vocational school students from rural areas or needy urban families, benefiting 90% of the current student population in these vocational schools.

促进教育公平取得新进展。全面实行城乡免费义务教育，对所有农村义务教育阶段学生免费提供教科书。提高中西部地区校舍维修标准，国家财政安排３２．５亿元帮助解决北方农村中小学取暖问题。职业教育加快发展。国家助学制度进一步完善，中央财政投入２２３亿元，地方财政也加大投入，资助学生超过２０００万人；向中等职业学校中来自城市经济困难家庭和农村的学生提供助学金，每人每年１５００元，惠及９０％的在校生。

Steady progre was made in reform and development of the pharmaceutical and health care system.A total of 814 million people, accounting for 91.5% of the rural population, now benefit from the new type of rural cooperative medical care system.The number of selected cities participating in trials of the basic medical insurance system for urban residents increased from 88 to 317, and the number of participating individuals increased by 73.59 million to 117 million.Significant progre was made in developing a system of community-based health services in urban areas.We continued to expand the coverage of the reward and aistance system for rural families complying with family planning regulations, and implemented the \"lower birthrate equals faster prosperity\" program in more places in the countryside.

医药卫生改革发展稳步推进。参加新型农村合作医疗的人口８．１４亿，参合率９１．５％。城镇居民基本医疗保险试点城市由上年的８８个增加到３１７个，参保人数增加７３５９万，总计达到１．１７亿。城市社区卫生服务体系建设取得重大进展。农村计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度和少生快富工程实施范围继续扩大。

We accelerated the development of culture and sports.Public cultural infrastructure facilities were improved, the cultural industries developed rapidly, and reform of the cultural management system was constantly deepened.We mobilized all resources and hosted a distinctive and high-level Beijing Olympicsand Paralympics, thus fulfilling the century-old dream of the Chinese nation, and Chinese athletes competed hard and brave and scored excellent achievements in the Games.This greatly aroused the patriotism of all our people and strengthened the cohesivene of our nation.

文化体育事业加快发展。公共文化基础设施建设得到加强，文化产业快速发展，文化体制改革不断深化。全力举办了有特色、高水平的北京奥运会、残奥会，实现了中华民族的百年梦想；中国运动员顽强拼搏，取得优异成绩，这极大地激发了全国人民的爱国热情，增强了民族凝聚力。

7 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) We continued to strengthen democracy and the legal system.The system of local-level democracy was further improved.Significant progre was made in enhancing law-based government.Last year, the State Council submitted eight bills, including a draft of the Social Insurance Law and draft amendments to the Law on Protecting Against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters, to the Standing Committee of the National People\'s Congre for deliberation.It also formulated or revised 30 administrative laws and regulations.The Regulations on Making Government Information Public was fully implemented.The public security system for crime prevention and control was strengthened.We battled against seceionist and terrorist activities, protected China\'s national security and maintained social stability.Our work related to ethnic minority, religious and overseas Chinese affairs further improved.

民主法制建设继续加强。基层民主制度进一步健全。依法行政深入推进。国务院提请全国人大常委会审议了社会保险法、防震减灾法等８件法律议案，制定或修订了３０件行政法规。全面实施政府信息公开条例。加强社会治安防控体系建设，开展反分裂、反恐怖斗争，维护了国家安全和社会稳定。民族、宗教、侨务工作进一步加强。

3.Vigorously advancing reform and opening up and injecting fresh vitality and impetus into economic and social development

（三）积极推进改革开放，为经济社会发展注入新的活力和动力

Institutional restructuring of the State Council was basically completed and that of local governments is progreing steadily.Comprehensive rural reforms continued to deepen, and reform of collective forest rights was instituted throughout the country.SOE reform was deepened.The transformation of the Agricultural Bank of China and China Development Bank into joint stock companies proceeded smoothly.The new Law on Corporate Income Tax went into effect, and real estate taxes were unified for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises and Chinese and foreign individuals.After years of deliberation, reform in pricing, taxes and fees for refined petroleum products was smoothly introduced.Aplan for reform of the pharmaceutical and health care system was devised and referred to the general public for comments.These innovations in systems and mechanisms have laid a solid foundation for our long-term development.

国务院机构改革基本完成，地方机构改革稳步推进。农村综合改革继续深化，集体林权制度改革全面推开。国有企业改革不断深化。中国农业银行和国家开发银行股份制改革顺利进行。实施新的企业所得税法，统一内外资企业和个人房地产税收制度。酝酿多年的成品油价格和税费改革顺利推出。制定医药卫生体制改革方案并公开征求意见。体制机制创新为长远发展奠定了坚实基础。

8 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) The country opened wider to the outside world.We vigorously implemented the strategy of competing on quality and diversifying export markets.We increased efforts to establish innovation bases to invigorate trade through science and technology and bases for providing services outsourced from other countries.We supported the export of products with Chinese trademarks and intellectual property rights.We improved the policy system for the proceing trade.We steadily opened service industries wider to the outside world and provided more guidance to orient foreign investment in China.We integrated existing funds and set up new ones designed to promote external economic and technological cooperation.We promulgated regulations on managing overseas contracted projects and rectified the system of administration of cooperative overseas labor services.We actively promoted energy and resources cooperation overseas, further expanded our aistances to other countries, and the pace of enterprises going global was accelerated.Further progre was made in the development of free trade zones, and in our economic dialogues with major trading partners and mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries.

对外开放水平继续提高。大力实施以质取胜和出口市场多元化战略。加强科技兴贸创新基地和服务外包基地建设，支持自主品牌和自主知识产权产品出口。完善加工贸易政策体系。稳步扩大服务业对外开放，加强对外商投资方向的引导。整合建立新的对外经济技术合作专项资金，发布对外承包工程管理条例，理顺对外劳务合作管理体制。积极推进境外能源资源合作，企业“走出去”步伐加快，对外援助进一步扩大。自由贸易区建设、与主要经贸伙伴的经济对话、同发展中国家的互利合作取得新进展。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

A maive earthquake that shocked the world struck Wenchuan on May 12.Under the firm leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, people of all ethnic groups in China, especially in the quake zone, worked as one and fought in unison against the earthquake disaster.The people\'s army rushed to the frontlines without thinking of their own safety.We launched an earthquake rescue and relief operation that accomplished its work faster, mobilized more personnel and committed more resources than ever before in China\'s history.We steadfastly gave top priority to saving people\'s lives.We pulled 84,000 survivors out of the rubble.We promptly repaired damaged infrastructure, and resolutely unblocked the Mount Tangjia quake lake to avert potential secondary disasters.We did our utmost to prevent an epidemic from occurring and ensured that there was no major outbreak of diseases after the deadly earthquake.The central government allocated 38.4 billion yuan for quake relief and 74 billion yuan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We promptly introduced a host of policies and measures to support the quake zone.We energetically organized one-to-one aistance to designated areas affected by the earthquake.People from all sectors of society in China made generous

9 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) donations, both in cash and in kind; our compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese contributed generously to the disaster relief campaign; and the international community provided us with earthquake rescue and relief aistance.All this combined to forma boundle source of strength for the Chinese people to overcome the disaster.This hard struggle against the earthquake produced uncountable touching and brave exploits and fully demonstrated the great indomitable and unyielding spirit of the Chinese people, thus writing a heroic chapter in the history of the nation.

去年５月１２日，我国发生震惊世界的汶川特大地震。在党中央、国务院坚强领导下，全国各族人民特别是灾区人民万众一心、众志成城，人民子弟兵舍生忘死、冲锋在前，展开了我国历史上救援速度最快、动员范围最广、投入力量最大的抗震救灾斗争。我们坚持把抢救人的生命放在第一位，从废墟中抢救生还者８．４万人。迅速抢修基础设施，果断处置唐家山堰塞湖，避免严重次生灾害发生；全力开展防疫工作，实现了大灾之后无大疫。中央财政安排３８４亿元救灾款和７４０亿元恢复重建资金，迅速出台一系列支援灾区的政策措施。积极开展对口支援。社会各界踊跃捐助款物，广大香港同胞、澳门同胞、台湾同胞以及海外华侨华人奉献爱心，国际社会伸出援手，汇成了齐心协力抗击灾害的磅礴力量。这场艰苦卓绝的抗震救灾斗争，涌现出无数感天动地、可歌可泣的英雄事迹，充分展现了中国人民不屈不挠、自强不息的伟大民族精神，谱写了气壮山河的壮丽篇章。

None of the achievements we made last year came easily.They were the result of overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army and the people of all our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, ma organizations and people from all sectors of society.I also expre our sincere thanks to compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan and to overseas Chinese, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China\'s modernization drive.

过去一年的成就来之不易。这是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央统揽全局、正确领导的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民同心同德、团结奋斗的结果。在这里，我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚的感谢！

While acknowledging our achievements, we must be clearly aware that we face unprecedented difficulties and challenges.

在肯定成绩的同时，也要清醒地看到，我们正面临前所未有的困难和挑战。

10 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

First, the global financial crisis continues to spread and get worse.Demand continues to shrink on international markets; the trend toward global deflation is obvious; and trade protectionism is resurging.The external economic environment has become more serious, and uncertainties have increased significantly.

一是国际金融危机还在蔓延、仍未见底。国际市场需求继续萎缩，全球通货紧缩趋势明显，贸易保护主义抬头，外部经济环境更加严峻，不确定因素显著增多。

Second, continuous drop in economic growth rate due to the impact of the global financial crisis has become a major problem affecting the overall situation.This has resulted in exce production capacity in some industries, caused some enterprises to experience operating difficulties and exerted severe preure on employment.Factors leading to decline in government revenues and increase in government expenditures have increased.It has become more difficult to maintain steady agricultural development and keep rural incomes growing.

二是受国际金融危机影响，经济增速持续下滑，已成为影响全局的主要矛盾。一些行业产能过剩，部分企业经营困难，就业形势十分严峻，财政减收增支因素增多，农业稳定发展、农民持续增收难度加大。

Third, institutional and structural problems that have long hindered healthy economic development still remain, and some of them are still prominent.Consumption demand is insufficient, and development of tertiary industries is sluggish.Our capacity for independent innovation is weak.Consumption of energy and other resources is high.Environmental pollution is serious.Disparities in development between urban and rural areas and between regions are widening.

三是长期制约我国经济健康发展的体制性、结构性矛盾依然存在，有的还很突出。消费需求不足，第三产业发展滞后，自主创新能力不强，能源资源消耗多，环境污染重，城乡、区域发展差距仍在扩大。

Fourth, some problems affecting the vital interests of the people have not been fundamentally alleviated.There are still many problems demanding urgent solution in the areas of social security, education, health care, income distribution and public security.

四是一些涉及人民群众切身利益的问题没有根本缓解，社会保障、教育、医疗、收入分配、社会治安等方面存在不少亟待解决的问题。

Fifth, order in the market is not well standardized; market oversight and law enforcement are not fully in place, and the social credit rating system is still in need of improvement.A number of serious and major incidents concerning food and

11 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) workplace safety have occurred, which have inflicted serious lo of life and property on the people and taught us a sobering leon.

五是市场秩序不规范，市场监管和执法不到位，社会诚信体系不健全。食品安全事件和安全生产重特大事故接连发生，给人民群众生命财产造成重大损失，教训十分深刻。

We need to thoroughly appreciate how serious and complex the international and domestic economic situations are, be more mindful of potential perils and crises, fully exploit favorable conditions and actively respond to all challenges so that we can succefully accomplish all our tasks and prove worthy of the great expectations and trust conferred on us by the people.

我们一定要深刻认识国际国内经济形势的严峻性和复杂性，增强危机意识和忧患意识，充分利用有利条件，积极应对各种挑战，努力做好各项工作，绝不辜负人民的期望和重托。

II.General Plan for the Work in 2009

二、２００９年工作总体部署

This year is crucial for the implementation of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan.It will also be the most difficult year for China\'s economic development since the beginning of the 21st century.We face arduous tasks in promoting reform, development and stability.

今年是实施“十一五”规划的关键之年，也是进入新世纪以来我国经济发展最为困难的一年，改革发展稳定的任务十分繁重。

An analysis of the overall international and domestic situations shows that China is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.Challenges and opportunities coexist, as do hardships and hopes.Neither the fundamentals of China\'s economic and social development nor its positive long-term trend has changed.We are fully confident that we will overcome difficulties and challenges, and we have the conditions and ability to do so.Our confidence and strength come from many sources: from the scientific judgment and correct grasp of the situation of the central leadership; from the policies and measures that have been formulated and implemented to respond to challenges and promote long-term development; from the huge demand generated by the development of infrastructure, the upgrading of the industrial structure and consumption patterns, environmental protection, and the development of the ecosystem and social programs in the rapid proce of industrialization and urbanization; from the support of such factors as our ample capital and labor resources, our sound financial system in smooth operation, vigorous enterprises and flexible macro control policies; from our material, scientific and technological base and institutional conditions that have been created in the 30 years

12 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) of reform and opening up; from our unique political and institutional advantages that enable us to mobilize resources to accomplish large undertakings, the stable, harmonious social environment we enjoy, and the enthusiasm and creativity of the whole nation from top to bottom to promote scientific development; and from the powerful spirit of the Chinese nation, which always works hard and persistently to make the country strong.As long as we closely follow the Party\'s leadership and firmly rely on the people of all our ethnic groups, we will be able to overcome any difficulties, minimize the adverse impact of the global financial crisis and promote sound and rapid economic and social development.

综观国际国内形势，我国仍处于重要战略机遇期。挑战与机遇并存，困难与希望同在。我国经济社会发展的基本面和长期向好的趋势没有改变。我们完全有信心、有条件、有能力克服困难，战胜挑战。我们的信心和力量，来自中央对形势的科学判断和准确把握；来自已经制定并实施的应对挑战、着眼长远的一系列政策举措；来自工业化、城镇化快速推进中的基础设施建设、产业结构和消费结构升级、环境保护、生态建设和社会事业发展等方面的巨大需求；来自充裕的资金、丰富的劳动力资源等要素支撑；来自运行稳健的金融体系、活力增强的各类企业和富于弹性的宏观调控政策；来自改革开放３０年建立的物质、科技基础和体制条件；来自集中力量办大事的政治和制度优势、和谐安定的社会环境以及全国上下促进科学发展的积极性、创造性；来自中华民族坚忍不拔、发愤图强的伟大精神力量。只要我们紧紧依靠党的领导和全国各族人民，就没有克服不了的困难，就一定能够把国际金融危机的不利影响降到最低程度，就一定能够推动经济社会又好又快发展。

To carry out the work of the government well this year, we must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.We need to make ensuring steady and rapid economic development the main task of our economic work.We need to strengthen and improve macroeconomic control, vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, change the pattern of development and speed up strategic economic restructuring, and deepen reform and improve our work of opening to the outside world.We need to improve the people\'s lives, increase social harmony and promote all-round progre in socialist economic, political, cultural, social and ecological development.

做好今年的政府工作，要高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，把保持经济平稳较快发展作为经济工作的首要任务，加强和改善宏观调控，着力扩大国内需求特别是消费需求，着力转变发展方式、加快经济结构战略性调整，着力深化改革、提高对外开放水平，着力改善民生促进社会和谐，全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设。

We have set the following major targets for this year\'s national economic and social development: GDP will grow by about 8%; the economic structure will further

13 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) improve; urban employment will increase by more than nine million persons; the urban registered unemployment rate will be held under 4.6%, urban and rural incomes will grow steadily; the rise in the CPI will be around 4%; and the balance of payments will continue to improve.It needs to be streed that in projecting the GDP growth target at about 8%, we have taken into consideration both our need and ability to sustain development.In China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, maintaining a certain growth rate for the economy is eential for expanding employment for both urban and rural residents, increasing people\'s incomes and ensuring social stability.As long as we adopt the right policies and appropriate measures and implement them effectively, we will be able to achieve this target.

今年国民经济和社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长８％左右，经济结构进一步优化；城镇新增就业９００万人以上，城镇登记失业率４．６％以内；城乡居民收入稳定增长；居民消费价格总水平涨幅４％左右；国际收支状况继续改善。这里要着重说明，提出８％左右的国内生产总值增长目标，综合考虑了发展的需要和可能。在我们这样一个１３亿人口的发展中国家，要扩大城乡就业，增加居民收入，维护社会稳定，就必须保持一定的经济增长速度。只要政策对头，措施得当，落实有力，就有可能实现这一目标。

To ensure succe of the government\'s work this year, we must act on the following principles.

做好今年政府工作，必须把握好以下原则：

First, we must boost domestic demand to sustain economic growth.We need to steadfastly take reversing the downward trend in economic growth as the primary goal of macro control, and make boosting domestic demand a long-term strategic principle and a basic point of departure for stimulating economic growth.We will work to increase effective demand, shore up weak links, and give full play to the leading role of domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, in driving economic growth.

一是扩内需、保增长。坚持把扭转经济增速下滑趋势作为宏观调控最重要的目标，把扩大国内需求作为促进经济增长的长期战略方针和根本着力点，增加有效需求，加强薄弱环节，充分发挥内需特别是消费需求拉动经济增长的主导作用。

Second, we must adjust the structure of the economy to raise it to a higher level of development.In changing the pattern of development, we will continue to focus on economic restructuring and independent innovation.We will turn preure into impetus for growth, unwaveringly protect and develop advanced productive forces, shut down backward production facilities, integrate factors of production and create more room for development.We will balance our efforts to sustain economic growth, adjust the structure and improve economic performance to raise the overall quality of the national economy and strengthen the basis for its further development.

14 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 二是调结构、上水平。坚持把推进经济结构调整和自主创新作为转变发展方式的主攻方向，变压力为动力，坚定不移地保护和发展先进生产力，淘汰落后产能，整合生产要素，拓展发展空间，实现保增长和调结构、增效益相统一，增强国民经济整体素质和发展后劲。

Third, we must pre ahead with reform to make the economy more vigorous.We will continue to take deepening reform and opening up as the fundamental driving force for promoting scientific development.We need to further emancipate our minds, intensify reform in major areas and key links, eliminate obstacles embedded in systems and mechanisms and stimulate greater creativity for development.

三是抓改革、增活力。坚持把深化改革开放作为促进科学发展的根本动力，进一步解放思想，加大重点领域和关键环节改革力度，消除体制机制障碍，激发创造活力。

Fourth, we must give top priority to ensuring people\'s well-being and promote social harmony.The more difficulties we face, the greater attention we should pay to ensuring people\'s well-being and promoting social harmony and stability.We will continue to ensure that maintaining and improving people\'s lives is always the starting and end point of our economic work.We will implement an even more proactive employment policy and closely integrate efforts to stimulate growth with efforts to expand employment and improve people\'s lives in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.

四是重民生、促和谐。越是困难的时候，越要关注民生，越要促进社会和谐稳定。坚持把保障和改善民生作为经济工作的出发点和落脚点，实行更加积极的就业政策，把促进增长与扩大就业、改善民生紧密结合起来，让人民群众共享改革发展的成果。

III.Major Tasks for 2009

三、２００９年主要任务

This year, our government work will give high priority to dealing with the global financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We will take a coordinated approach, stre key areas, and fully implement a package plan to ensure steady and rapid economic development.We will dramatically increase government investment by launching a four trillion yuan two-year investment plan, for which the central government has pledged 1.18 trillion yuan, and implement a structural tax reduction in order to stimulate domestic demand.We will also implement a maive plan to adjust and reinvigorate industries to raise the overall competitivene of the economy; vigorously promote independent innovation and provide scientific and technological support to increase the sustaining power of development; and significantly increase social security benefits, expand urban and rural employment and promote development of social programs.To implement this package plan, we

15 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) will concentrate our efforts on the following seven areas.

今年的政府工作，要以应对国际金融危机、促进经济平稳较快发展为主线，统筹兼顾，突出重点，全面实施促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划。大规模增加政府投资，实施总额４万亿元的两年投资计划，其中中央政府拟新增１．１８万亿元，实行结构性减税，扩大国内需求；大范围实施调整振兴产业规划，提高国民经济整体竞争力；大力推进自主创新，加强科技支撑，增强发展后劲；大幅度提高社会保障水平，扩大城乡就业，促进社会事业发展。以实施一揽子计划为重点，今年要着力抓好以下七方面工作：

1.Improving and strengthening macro control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

（一）加强和改善宏观调控，保持经济平稳较快发展

We need to adhere to a flexible and prudent control policy to make our macro control more responsive to changes and more results-oriented.We will reverse the slowdown in economic growth as soon as poible and maintain steady and rapid economic development.

要坚持灵活审慎的调控方针，提高宏观调控的应变能力和实际效果，尽快扭转经济增速下滑趋势，保持经济平稳较快发展。

We will implement a proactive fiscal policy. 实施积极的财政政策。

First, we will significantly increase government spending.This is the most active, direct and efficient way we can expand domestic demand.There will be a large discrepancy between government revenues and expenditures this year.On the one hand, a slowdown in economic growth and the reduction of tax burdens on enterprises and individuals will inevitably slow the growth of government revenues.On the other hand, we must significantly increase investment and government expenditures to stimulate economic growth, improve people\'s lives and deepen reform.To cover the shortfall arising from the decline in government revenues and growth in expenditures, we have set this year\'s central government deficit at 750 billion yuan, 570 billion yuan more than last year.In addition, the State Council will allow local governments to iue 200 billion yuan worth of government bonds through the Ministry of Finance, which will go into provincial budgets.These will add up to a 950 billion yuan deficit, accounting for le than 3% of the GDP.Although the deficit will increase significantly this year, the constant drop in government deficits in previous years provides room to iue more bonds this year, and the ratio of the cumulative balance of outstanding government bonds to GDP, which is around 20%, is within the acceptable range of what our overall national strength can bear and is therefore safe.

16 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

一是大幅度增加政府支出，这是扩大内需最主动、最直接、最有效的措施。今年财政收支紧张的矛盾十分突出。一方面，经济增速放缓、减轻企业和居民税负必然会使财政收入增速下降；另一方面，为刺激经济增长、改善民生和深化改革，又需要大幅度增加投资和政府支出。为弥补财政减收增支形成的缺口，拟安排中央财政赤字７５００亿元，比上年增加５７００亿元，同时国务院同意地方发行２０００亿元债券，由财政部代理发行，列入省级预算管理。全国财政赤字合计９５００亿元，占国内生产总值比重在３％以内，虽然当年赤字增加较多，但由于前几年连续减少赤字，发债空间较大，累计国债余额占国内生产总值比重２０％左右，这是我国综合国力可以承受的，总体上也是安全的。

Second, we will carry out structural tax reduction and promote reform of taxes and fees.We will reduce tax burdens on enterprises and individuals by a variety of means such as tax cuts, rebates and exemptions to encourage enterprise investment and consumer spending and invigorate the micro-economy.Preliminary calculations indicate that the burdens on enterprises and individuals will fall by approximately 500 billion yuan this year as the result of comprehensively carrying out VAT reform; implementing existing preferential tax policies on small and medium-sized enterprises, the real estate industry and securities transactions and export rebate policies; and rescinding or suspending 100 administrative charges.

二是实行结构性减税和推进税费改革。采取减税、退税或抵免税等多种方式减轻企业和居民税负，促进企业投资和居民消费，增强微观经济活力。初步测算，今年全面实施增值税转型，落实已出台的中小企业、房地产和证券交易相关税收优惠以及出口退税等方面政策，加上取消和停征１００项行政事业性收费，可减轻企业和居民负担约５０００亿元。

Third, we will optimize the structure of government expenditures.We will continue to increase investment in key areas, strictly control regular expenditures, and do everything we can to reduce administrative costs.

三是优化财政支出结构。继续加大对重点领域投入，严格控制一般性开支，努力降低行政成本。

We will follow a moderately easy monetary policy and give monetary policy a more active role to play in promoting economic growth.

实施适度宽松的货币政策。货币政策要在促进经济增长方面发挥更加积极的作用。

First, we will improve financial control.We will increase the broad money supply by about 17% and grant over five trillion yuan in additional loans to ensure that the supply of money and credit meets the requirements of economic development.

17 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 一是改善金融调控。保证货币信贷总量满足经济发展需求，广义货币增长１７％左右，新增贷款５万亿元以上。

Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will strengthen monitoring and guidance of the flow of credit, increase financial support for weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively resolve the problem some businees have in getting financing.We will strictly control lending to industries and enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting or have exce production capacity.

二是优化信贷结构。加强对信贷投向的监测和指导，加大对“三农”、中小企业等薄弱环节的金融支持，切实解决一些企业融资难问题。严格控制对高耗能、高污染和产能过剩行业企业的贷款。

Third, we will improve the mechanism for transmitting monetary policy and guarantee the smooth flow of funds.We will make full use of the advantages and special features of all kinds of financial institutions, innovate and improve financial services, satisfy reasonable requests for financing, and create a synergy for finance to promote economic development.

三是进一步理顺货币政策传导机制，保证资金渠道畅通。充分发挥各类金融机构的优势和特点，创新和改进金融服务，满足合理资金需求，形成金融促进经济发展的合力。

Fourth, we will strengthen and improve financial oversight and supervision.All kinds of financial enterprises need to strengthen risk management and become better able to withstand risks.We will ensure that there is a proper balance between innovation, opening up, and oversight and supervision in the financial sector.We will strengthen monitoring and supervision of cro-border capital flows and maintain financial stability and security.

四是加强和改进金融监管。各类金融企业都要加强风险管理，增强抵御风险能力。处理好金融创新、金融开放与金融监管的关系。加强跨境资本流动监测和管理，维护金融稳定和安全。

We need to make our fiscal and monetary policies more consistent and coordinated with our industrial, trade, land, investment and employment policies to create a control synergy.

要加强产业、贸易、土地、投资、就业政策与财政、货币政策的一致性和协调性，形成调控合力。

2.Actively boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and strengthening the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth

18 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

（二）积极扩大国内需求特别是消费需求，增强内需对经济增长的拉动作用

First, we will expand consumption, especially individual consumption.We will continue to adjust income distribution, raise the proportion of the national income that goes to wages, increase the proportion of government spending dedicated to improving people\'s lives and expanding consumption, and increase subsidies to farmers and low-income urban residents.We need to cultivate areas of high consumer demand and expand consumption in new areas.We will improve the policy on automobile consumption, accelerate development of markets for second-hand cars and car rental, and guide and promote rational spending on automobiles.We will vigorously expand consumption that makes people\'s lives easier, such as community-based businees, property management and household services; accelerate development of tourism and leisure consumption; increase consumption in culture, recreation, sports and fitne services; and vigorously expand consumption in new areas such as the Internet and animation.We will improve consumption policies and the consumption environment.We will accelerate the project to encourage retailers to open stores in more townships and villages, and encourage commercial chains to open more outlets in rural areas.We will intensify the development of consumption facilities and service networks in both urban and rural areas, rectify order in the market, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.We will promptly work out and introduce policies and measures to encourage consumption, and vigorously develop consumer credit.We will do all the work of implementing the programs for bringing home appliances, agricultural machinery, and automobiles and motorbikes to the countryside well, and we will make effective and flexible use of the 40 billion yuan in central government subsidies provided to get enterprises to increase their sales and enable farmers to enjoy real benefits.

一是扩大消费尤其是居民消费。继续调整收入分配格局，提高劳动报酬占国民收入的比重，增加政府支出用于改善民生、扩大消费的比重，增加对城镇低收入群众和农民的补贴。要培育消费热点，拓展消费空间。完善汽车消费政策，加快发展二手车市场和汽车租赁市场，引导和促进汽车合理消费。大力发展社区商业、物业、家政等便民消费，加快发展旅游休闲消费，扩大文化娱乐、体育健身等服务消费，积极发展网络动漫等新型消费。完善消费政策，优化消费环境。加快建设“万村千乡”市场工程，推进连锁经营向农村延伸。要加强城乡消费设施和服务体系建设，规范市场秩序，维护消费者合法权益。抓紧研究出台鼓励消费的政策措施，积极发展消费信贷。做好“家电下乡”、“农机下乡”、“汽车、摩托车下乡”等工作，把中央财政的４００亿元补贴资金用好用活，使企业增加销售、农民得到实惠。

Second, we will maintain rapid growth in investment and improve the investment structure.The central government plans to invest 908 billion yuan this year.Government investment will focus on projects to improve people\'s lives such as those for developing low-income housing, education, heath care and culture; projects to conserve energy, protect the environment, improve the ecosystem, upgrade

19 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) technologies, and make scientific and technological innovations; projects to make key infrastructure improvements, including farmland improvement and water conservancy projects, railways, and freeways; and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We must channel government investment to areas where it best counteracts the effects of the global financial crisis and to weak areas in economic and social development, and no government investment will be made in the regular proceing industries.We will promptly work out and introduce preferential policies to encourage and guide non-governmental investment.We need to support non-governmental investment in areas favored by state industrial policies and encourage enterprises to increase spending on R&D and technological upgrading through proper release of information and improved guidance.All government money comes from the people, and we must spend every penny responsibly.We will make every effort to ensure that all construction projects meet high quality standards and are built to last and be paed onto our future generations as valuable legacy.

二是保持投资较快增长和优化投资结构。今年中央政府投资总额９０８０亿元，主要用于保障性住房、教育、卫生、文化等民生工程建设，节能环保和生态建设，技术改造与科技创新，农田水利、铁路、高速公路等重点基础设施建设和地震灾后恢复重建。政府投资必须用在应对危机最关键的地方，用在经济社会发展的薄弱环节，绝不能用于一般加工工业。要抓紧研究出台鼓励引导社会投资的优惠政策。通过发布信息、加强引导，支持社会资本投向符合国家产业政策的领域，鼓励企业增加研发和技改投资。我们的每一分钱都来自人民，必须对人民负责。所有工程建设都要坚持百年大计、质量第一，给子孙后代留下宝贵财富。

Third, we will promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market.We will adopt even more vigorous and effective policies and measures to stabilize market confidence and expectations, keep real estate investment stable, and promote steady and orderly development of the real estate industry.We will speed up implementation and improvement of policies and measures to promote development of low-income housing projects.Wewill strive to solve the housing problems of 7.5 million low-income urban families and 2.4 million families living in shantytowns in forests, on reclaimed land and around coalmines within three years.This year, the central government will allocate 49.3 billion yuan for the construction of low-income housing to increase funding for developing low-rent housing and improving housing conditions in shantytowns, and increase housing subsidies for the central and western regions by an appropriate amount.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas and build permanent housing for nomads in ethnic minority areas.A pilot program will be launched in selected places where conditions permit to use the idle portion of the housing accumulation fund to support development of affordable housing.We will vigorously develop public rental housing.We will effectively implement credit, tax and other policies to support people in purchasing homes and making home improvements.Individuals who meet relevant criteria and apply for bank loans to support the purchase of a second home for personal use will enjoy similar preferential lending policies that apply to the purchase

20 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) of first homes.We will implement the policy to reduce or exempt the busine tax on housing transfers to varying degrees based on the age of the housing.We will expand consumption and supply of ordinary commercial housing, and increase credit support for building small and medium-sized condominiums at low and medium price levels.We will speed up development of the market for second-hand homes and the home rental market.We will encourage and guide local governments to stabilize and develop their real estate market in light of local conditions, and strengthen supervision of the housing market by type.We will continue to rectify order in the real estate market, and standardize transactions.We will help rural migrant workers in cities solve their housing problems.We will deepen reform of the urban housing system to meet people\'s multilevel housing demand, and strive to ensure adequate housing for everyone.

三是促进房地产市场稳定健康发展。采取更加积极有效的政策措施，稳定市场信心和预期，稳定房地产投资，推动房地产业平稳有序发展。加快落实和完善促进保障性住房建设的政策措施，争取用三年时间，解决７５０万户城市低收入住房困难家庭和２４０万户林区、垦区、煤矿等棚户区居民的住房问题。今年中央财政拟安排保障性安居工程资金４９３亿元，加大对廉租房建设和棚户区改造的投资支持力度，适当提高中西部地区补助标准，扩大农村危房改造试点范围，实施少数民族地区游牧民定居工程。选择一些有条件的地区进行试点，把部分住房公积金闲置资金补充用于经济适用住房建设。积极发展公共租赁住房。落实好支持居民购买自住性和改善性住房的信贷、税收和其他政策。对符合条件的第二套普通自住房购买者，比照执行首次贷款购买普通自住房的优惠政策；对住房转让环节营业税，按不同年限实行有区别的税收减免政策。促进普通商品住房消费和供给，加大对中小套型、中低价位普通商品房建设的信贷支持。加快发展二手房市场和住房租赁市场。鼓励引导各地因地制宜稳定和发展房地产市场，加强住房市场分类管理。继续整顿房地产市场秩序，规范交易行为。帮助进城农民工解决住房困难问题。深化城镇住房制度改革，满足居民多层次住房需求，努力实现住有所居的目标。

Fourth, we will accelerate recovery and reconstruction of areas hit by the Wenchuan earthquake.We will promptly and fully implement the master plan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.The central government will allocate 130 billion yuan for this purpose this year.We will quickly rebuild homes for quake-affected urban and rural residents by combining repair and reinforcement of existing housing with construction of new housing.We will basically complete reconstruction of rural houses collapsed or badly damaged during the earthquake, and ensure quake-stricken residents can move into new houses by the end of this year.We will accelerate rebuilding of schools in the quake zone and ensure that more than 95% of the students whose school buildings were destroyed in the earthquake will have permanent school buildings.We will continue work to repair and rebuild infrastructure such as transportation, communications, energy and water conservancy facilities.We will effectively prevent and control geological disasters, restore the ecosystem, improve the environment, and resume cultivation of damaged arable land.

21 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) We will speed up industrial rebuilding and development in the quake zone on the basis of the plan to adjust and reinvigorate key industries.We will continue to provide one-to-one aistance and special aid to the quake zone and manage and use funds, goods and materials for post-earthquake reconstruction well.We will intensify and accelerate post-earthquake reconstruction and strive to basically reach the targets in two years that had originally been set for three, so that residents of the quake zone can begin to live a happier life as soon as poible.

四是加快推进地震灾区恢复重建。抓紧全面实施灾后恢复重建总体规划，中央财政今年再安排１３００亿元灾后重建资金。加快灾区城乡居民住房恢复重建，实行维修加固与新建相结合。基本完成因灾倒塌和严重损毁农房重建任务，保证受灾群众在今年底前住进新房。加快地震灾区学校恢复建设，确保今年底９５％以上的学生都能在永久性校舍中学习。继续推进交通、通信、能源、水利等基础设施恢复重建。搞好地质灾害防治、生态修复、环境整治和灾毁耕地复耕。结合实施重点产业调整振兴规划，加快灾区产业重建与发展。继续搞好对口支援和专项援助，管好用好灾后重建资金和物资。灾后重建要加大力度，加快进度，力争在两年内基本完成原定三年的目标任务，让灾区人民早日过上更加幸福美好的生活。

3.Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, and promoting steady development of agriculture and continuous increase in rural incomes

（三）巩固和加强农业基础地位，促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收

We will focus on the following five areas.

今年重点抓好五件事：

First, we will steadily develop grain production.We will effectively keep the area planted in grain crops stable, focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety mix, and increase the country\'s grain production capacity by 50 million tons.

一是稳定发展粮食生产。切实稳定种植面积，着力提高单产，优化品种结构，推进全国新增千亿斤粮食生产能力建设。

Second, we will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.We will support the production of important agricultural products in short supply, and improve the quality, profitability and competitivene of agricultural products.We will speed up implementation of the new plan for developing agricultural products in regions with the most suitable conditions.We will support the growing of oil bearing and other cash crops in areas with the most suitable conditions.We will stabilize hog production, implement the plan for reinvigorating the dairy industry, and promote

22 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) large-scale, standardized, healthy farming practices in animal husbandry and aquaculture.We will strengthen the prevention and control of major animal and plant epidemics.

二是以市场需求为导向调整农业结构。支持重要紧缺农产品生产，提高农产品质量、效益和竞争力。加快实施新一轮优势农产品区域布局规划，支持优势产区发展油料等经济作物，稳定生猪生产，实施奶业振兴规划，推进畜牧水产规模化标准化健康养殖。加强重大动植物疫病防控。

Third, we will intensify development of agricultural infrastructure and projects designed to improve the lives of rural people.We will develop land on a large scale and comprehensively improve farmland, water supplies, roads, and forests.We will upgrade low- and medium-yield farmland and develop farm plots that meet high standards.We will speed up the reinforcement of large and medium-sized reservoirs and dangerous key small reservoirs.We will further improve irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy facilities.By the end of next year, we will have basically paved the roads linking all towns and townships acro the country and all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the eastern and central regions and will have completed the construction of roads connecting all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the western region.In addition, we will provide safe drinking water to another 60 million people and methane to an additional five million households.We will continue to improve rural infrastructure, including power grids, postal service, and telecommunications, and intensify development of rural social programs.

三是加强农业基础设施和农村民生工程建设。大规模开展土地整治，实行田、水、路、林综合治理，推进中低产田改造，建设高标准农田。加快大中型和重点小型病险水库除险加固进度，加强灌区改造和小型农田水利建设。到明年底，基本实现全国乡镇和东中部地区具备条件的建制村道路硬化，西部地区具备条件的建制村通公路。再解决６０００万人安全饮水问题，增加５００万沼气用户，继续加强农村电网、邮政通信和社会事业等基础建设。

Fourth, we will increase rural incomes in a variety of ways.We will vigorously develop modern agriculture with distinctive local features, support intensive proceing and sale of agricultural products, develop rural secondary and tertiary industries, accelerate the development of small towns, and strengthen county economies.

四是多渠道促进农民增收。大力发展特色现代农业，扶持农产品精深加工和销售，发展农村二三产业，加快小城镇建设，壮大县域经济。

Fifth, we will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development.This year, a new poverty line will be adopted and all low-income rural residents will be covered by the poverty relief policy.The threshold will be increased to 1,196 yuan per

23 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) person on average, and coverage will be extended to include 40.07 million recipients.This marks the beginning of a new stage in China\'s efforts to reduce poverty through development.We need to improve state poverty relief strategies and policies, increase funding, and steadfastly make development the basis of poverty reduction.We will give priority to eradicating poverty at the village level, training rural residents for nonagricultural employment, and reducing poverty through industrial development and relocation of residents so that the poor get the basic neceities, escape poverty, and become prosperous.

五是加大扶贫开发力度。今年将实行新的扶贫标准，对农村低收入人口全面实施扶贫政策。新标准提高到人均１１９６元，扶贫对象覆盖４００７万人，这标志着我国扶贫开发进入一个新阶段。要完善国家扶贫战略和政策，加大扶贫资金投入，坚持开发式扶贫，重点抓好整村推进、劳动力转移培训、产业化扶贫和移民扶贫，稳定解决扶贫对象温饱问题并努力实现脱贫致富。

We will take the following measures to comprehensively strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

全面加强“三农”工作要采取以下措施：

First, we will greatly increase funding for agriculture and rural areas.Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers will total 716.1 billion yuan this year, a year-on-year increase of 120.6 billion yuan.We will significantly increase funding for rural public facilities in the central and western regions, and relieve governments at and below the county level of the burden of providing supporting funds for them.Greater priority will be given to major grain-producing areas in implementing the policies and measures supporting grain production.More general transfer payments and financial rewards will be provided to major grain-producing counties and greater support given to projects for industrializing grain production.

一要大幅度增加农业农村投入。今年中央财政拟安排“三农”投入７１６１亿元，比上年增加１２０６亿元。大幅度增加对中西部地区农村公益性建设项目投入，取消县及县以下相关资金配套要求。支持粮食生产的政策措施向主产区倾斜，加大对产粮大县一般性转移支付、财政奖励和粮食产业建设项目的扶持力度。

Second, we will significantly raise minimum grain purchase prices and keep the prices of agricultural products stable at a reasonable level to encourage farmers to grow more.This year the floor price for the purchase of wheat and rice will be increased by 0.22 yuan and 0.26 yuan per kilogram on average respectively.We will apply policies in a timely fashion to temporarily purchase and stockpile major agricultural products to build up reserves of grain, cotton, edible oil and pork, and strengthen regulation of the farm products market.

24 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 二要较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，保持农产品价格合理水平，提高种粮农民积极性。今年小麦、稻谷最低收购价平均每斤分别提高０．１１元和０．１３元。适时启动主要农产品临时收储政策，增加粮食、棉花、食用植物油和猪肉储备，加强农产品市场调控。

Third, we will further increase agricultural subsidies.Central government funding for these subsidies will total 123 billion yuan, an increase of 20 billion yuan over last year.Direct subsidies to grain producers will continue to increase.We will increase subsidies for the use of superior seed varieties, raise subsidy levels, make subsidies available to all rice, wheat, corn and cotton growers, extend them more widely to canola and soybean farmers, and start to subsidize tea-oil tree planting.The central government will spend 13 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of nine billion yuan, on subsidies to all agricultural and pastoral counties (farms) throughout the country for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We will promptly increase general subsidies for agricultural supplies to coordinate with price rises and changes in the acreage planted in various crops.

三要进一步增加农业补贴。中央财政拟安排补贴资金１２３０亿元，比上年增加２００亿元。继续增加粮食直补。加大良种补贴力度，提高补贴标准，实现水稻、小麦、玉米、棉花全覆盖，扩大油菜和大豆良种补贴范围，实施油茶良种补贴。农机具购置补贴覆盖到全国所有农牧业县（场），中央财政拟安排资金１３０亿元，比上年增加９０亿元。根据农资价格上涨幅度和农作物播种面积，及时增加农资综合补贴。

Fourth, we will speed up development of a new system under which various sectors of society provide services for agriculture.We will increase spending on agricultural science and technology, intensify efforts to expand application of innovations in agricultural science and technology and become better able to provide agriculture-related technical services.We will improve public service agencies charged with promoting application of agricultural technologies, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and monitoring the quality of agricultural products at the local level.We will support supply and marketing cooperatives, specialized farmer cooperatives and pacesetting enterprises in providing diverse production and operation services.

四要加快新型农业社会化服务体系建设。加大农业科技投入，加强农业科技创新成果推广和服务能力建设。健全基层农业技术推广、动植物疫病防控、农产品质量监管等公共服务机构，支持供销合作社、农民专业合作社、龙头企业等提供多种形式的生产经营服务。

Fifth, we will stabilize and improve the basic rural operation system.We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable and unchanged for a long time to come, and enhance and better protect the land contract and management rights enjoyed by rural residents, including migrant workers who are away from their home

25 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) villages.The transfer of land use rights must occur on a compensated, voluntary basis and be conducted in accordance with the law.We will adhere to and apply the strictest poible systems for protecting arable land and economizing on the use of land, and do everything in our power to keep the total amount of arable land above the red line of 120 million hectares.Reform of the system of collective forest rights will move forward.Overall rural reform will be deepened.We will accelerate reform of town and township government departments and work actively yet prudently to ease the debts of townships and villages.

五要稳定完善农村基本经营制度。现有土地承包关系要保持稳定并长久不变，赋予农民包括离乡农民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包经营权。土地承包经营权流转必须坚持依法自愿有偿的原则。坚持和落实最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度，严守１８亿亩耕地红线不动摇。推进集体林权制度改革。深化农村综合改革。加快乡镇机构改革。积极稳妥化解乡村债务。

4.Accelerating transformation of the pattern of development and energetically promoting strategic economic restructuring

（四）加快转变发展方式，大力推进经济结构战略性调整

This year we will focus on improving industrial restructuring in order to maintain economic growth and promote industrial upgrading.

今年要围绕保增长、促升级，重点抓好产业结构调整。

First, we will conscientiously implement plans for adjusting and invigorating key industries such as the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, petrochemical, textile, nonferrous metals, equipment manufacturing, information technology, modern logistics, and light industries.We will carry out industrial restructuring and upgrading to resolve the prominent problems and conflicts that hinder their development.

一是认真实施汽车、钢铁、造船、石化、轻工、纺织、有色金属、装备制造、电子信息、现代物流等重点产业调整和振兴规划。着力解决这些行业发展中存在的突出矛盾和问题，推进结构调整和优化升级。

Second, we will energetically adjust the structure of enterprises and carry out mergers and reorganizations.We will support superior enterprises in acquiring ones that are backward or have financial difficulties.We will encourage well-established enterprises to work with each other, and upstream and downstream enterprises to integrate their operations in order to raise the level of industry concentration and the efficiency of resource allocation.

二是大力推进企业组织结构调整和兼并重组，支持优势企业并购落后企业和困难企业，鼓励强强联合和上下游一体化经营，提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。

26 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

Third, we will take more effective measures to support development of small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly implement financial support policies, improve the financing guarantee system, streamline loan procedures, and increase the scale of loans.Central government funding for supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises will increase from 3.9 billion yuan to 9.6 billion yuan.We will continue to implement preferential tax policies to encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to make scientific and technological innovations, upgrade their technology, and create more jobs.We will improve the system under which various sectors of society provide services for small and medium-sized enterprises.

三是采取更加有力的措施扶持中小企业发展。抓紧落实金融支持政策，健全融资担保体系，简化贷款程序，增加贷款规模。中央财政中小企业发展资金从３９亿元增加到９６亿元。继续实行鼓励中小企业科技创新、技术改造、增加就业的税收优惠政策。健全中小企业社会化服务体系。

Fourth, we will actively support enterprises in accelerating technological upgrading and develop innovation-based enterprises.The central government will allocate 20 billion yuan, mainly in interest subsidies, to support technological upgrading in enterprises.We will encourage enterprises to apply new technologies, new production procees, new equipment and new materials so that they can adapt to market changes, develop more readily marketable products, undertake product innovation, and improve their product quality and the level of production and busine operations.

四是积极支持企业加快技术改造，建设创新型企业。中央财政拟安排２００亿元专项资金，主要用贴息方式支持企业技术改造。鼓励企业应用新技术、新工艺、新设备、新材料，适应市场变化，开发适销对路产品，推进产品创新，提高产品质量和生产经营水平。

Fifth, we will accelerate development of modern service industries.We will promote development of the banking, insurance, modern logistics, consulting, software and creative industries, and develop new types of services.We will upgrade traditional service industries.

五是加快发展现代服务业。促进金融保险、现代物流、信息咨询、软件和创意产业发展，拓展新兴服务领域。提升传统服务业。

We will vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation.We will integrate making technological innovation with boosting domestic demand, maintaining economic growth, making structural adjustments and raising the level of development.This year the central government will allocate 146.1 billion yuan to the science and technology sector, up 25.6% from last year.

27 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 大力推进科技创新。科技创新要与扩内需、促增长，调结构、上水平紧密结合起来。今年中央财政科技投入１４６１亿元，增长２５．６％。

First, we need to speed up implementation of the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, particularly, implementation of major science and technology projects.We will select and launch a number of projects that give strong impetus to scientific and technological development, have a widespread impact, and yield quick results, in order to quickly make breakthroughs in core and key generic technologies that can stimulate the transformation of industries and technological upgrading, and support invigoration of industries and long-term economic development.

一要加快实施国家中长期科技发展规划纲要，特别是科技重大专项。选择一些带动力强、影响面大、见效快的项目抓紧开展工作，争取尽快突破一批核心技术和关键共性技术，带动产业转型和技术升级，支撑产业振兴和经济长远发展。

Second, we need to deepen reform of the science and technology management system.We will get enterprises to play a key role in technological innovation, and encourage more scientists and engineers to work on the frontlines of economic development spreading technologies, doing product R&D, and starting technology based enterprises.We will get enterprises, universities, and research institutes to work more closely together to accelerate the application of scientific and technological advances in production.

二要深化科技体制改革，发挥企业在技术创新中的主体作用。动员更多科技人员投身经济建设第一线，推广技术、研发产品、创办科技型企业。推进产学研结合，加快科技成果向现实生产力转化。

Third, we will make the equipment manufacturing industry stronger and larger.We will implement the project to increase self-sufficiency in doing R&D on manufacturing major equipment and implement a related system of government procurement.We will vigorously develop manufacturing of complete sets of major equipment, high-tech equipment and equipment needed in high-tech industries, raise the level of integrated innovation and make greater use of domestic components in the equipment manufacturing industry.

三要做强做大装备制造业。落实自主研发重大装备国内依托工程和政府采购制度，着力发展重大成套设备、高技术装备和高技术产业所需装备，提高装备制造业集成创新和国产化水平。

Fourth, we will support and promote R&D on technologies in new energy sources, biology, medicine, third generation mobile communications, the integration of telecommunications networks, cable TV networks and the Internet, energy conservation and environmental protection, and their industrial application.We will

28 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) develop clusters of new- and high-tech industries, and create new areas of demand in society.

四要支持和推进新能源、生物、医药、第三代移动通信、三网融合、节能环保等技术研发和产业化，发展高新技术产业群，创造新的社会需求。

Fifth, we will continue to implement the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through human resources development and the intellectual property rights strategy.We will continue to develop the national innovation system, intensify basic research and research in leading-edge technologies, and accelerate development of major infrastructure facilities and public platforms for science and technology.We will work vigorously to bring in high-caliber personnel and intellectual resources from overseas and intensify the training of all types of personnel.We will become better able to create, utilize, protect and manage intellectual property rights.

五要继续实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略和知识产权战略。继续推进国家创新体系建设，加强基础科学和前沿技术研究，加快重大科技基础设施和公用平台建设。积极引进海外高层次人才和智力，加强各类人才队伍建设。提高知识产权创造、运用、保护和管理水平。

We will work tirelely to save energy, reduce emiions, preserve the ecosystems, and protect the environment.

毫不松懈地加强节能减排和生态环保工作。

First, we will emphasize energy conservation in the three key areas of industry, transportation and construction; continue work on the ten major energy conservation projects; and implement energy-conserving measures for power generators, boilers, automobiles, air-conditioners and lighting products.

一是突出抓好工业、交通、建筑三大领域节能，继续推进十大重点节能工程建设，落实电机、锅炉、汽车、空调、照明等方面的节能措施。

Second, we will energetically develop a circular economy and clean energy.We will steadfastly save energy, water and land.We will vigorously develop clean energy such as nuclear, hydraulic, wind, and solar power.We will promote the adaptation of clean coal technology for industrial application.We will strictly enforce national standards for energy consumption and environmental protection, increase the use of energy-conserving technologies and products, and promote comprehensive utilization of resources.

二是大力发展循环经济和清洁能源。坚持节能节水节地。积极发展核电、水电、风电、太阳能发电等清洁能源。推进洁净煤技术产业化。严格执行能耗和环

29 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 保国家标准，加大节能技术和产品推广应用力度，加强资源综合利用。

Third, we will improve our policies for conserving energy and protecting the environment, and strictly enforce the system of standards, aement system and monitoring system for energy conservation and emiions reduction.

三是健全节能环保各项政策，按照节能减排指标体系、考核体系、监测体系，狠抓落实。

Fourth, we will launch a nationwide campaign on the importance of energy conservation and emiions reduction, in which state organs and government-affiliated enterprises and institutions need to play an exemplary role.

四是开展全民节能减排行动，国家机关、公共企事业单位要发挥表率作用。

Fifth, we will continue to intensify pollution prevention and control in key river valleys and regions; control the spread of stony deserts and desertification; carry out ecological conservation projects to build key forest shelterbelts, protect virgin forests, and bring the sources of dust storms affecting Beijing and Tianjin under control; and protect water, forests, gralands, wetlands and other elements of the ecosystems.We will comprehensively improve the rural environment.We will rectify and standardize order in the exploitation of mineral resources and develop and use marine resources wisely.

五是继续强化重点流域、区域污染防治，加强石漠化、荒漠化治理，实施重点防护林、天然林保护和京津风沙源治理等生态建设工程，保护水、森林、草原、湿地等生态环境。推进农村环境综合整治。整顿规范矿产资源开发秩序。合理开发利用海洋资源。

Sixth, we will implement the national plan for addreing climate change and become better able to respond to it.We will intensify basic research in meteorology, earthquake science, disaster prevention and mitigation, and surveying and mapping and strengthen these areas.

六是实施应对气候变化国家方案，提高应对气候变化能力。加强气象、地震、防灾减灾、测绘基础研究和能力建设。

We will comprehensively improve product quality and enhance workplace safety.This year we will launch a campaign to rectify and standardize order in the market and carry out the Quality and Safety Year campaign, which requires all industries and sectors to strengthen quality and safety supervision of all personnel and all procees in all areas.We will further tighten oversight and supervision of workplace safety in key industries and resolutely prevent serious and major accidents.We will make intensive efforts to improve food and drug safety, and improve and strictly enforce

30 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) standards for product quality and safety.We will implement strict market acce rules and product trace ability and recall systems so that the people buy food and drugs with confidence and consume them with satisfaction.

全面提高产品质量和安全生产水平。今年要在全国开展整顿和规范市场秩序专项行动以及“质量和安全年”活动，各行各业都要加强全员、全过程、全方位质量和安全管理。进一步强化重点行业安全生产监管，坚决遏制重特大安全事故发生。深入开展食品药品安全专项整治，健全并严格执行产品质量安全标准。实行严格的市场准入制度和产品质量追溯制度、召回制度。要让人民群众买得放心、吃得安心、用得舒心。

We will continue to implement the overall regional development strategy of promoting the large-scale development of the western region, reinvigorating northeast China and other old industrial bases, energizing development of the central region, and getting the eastern region to take the lead in development, and promote balanced development among regions.We will encourage all regions to work on the basis of local conditions, make full use of their advantages, and find a new path for development in response to the shock of external events.The eastern region needs to vigorously open up international markets, stabilize exports, and develop advanced manufacturing, modern services and new- and high-tech industries.It needs to accelerate industrial upgrading and institutional innovation, foster new areas of economic growth, create new advantages for participating in international cooperation and competition, and raise its capability for sustainable development.Special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin need to continue to take the lead in reform and opening up.We will increase support to the central and western regions and northeast China to improve their weak links in development.To remove bottlenecks in these regions, we will increase spending on infrastructure, ecological conservation and environmental protection, launch a number of key transportation and water conservancy projects, and accelerate development of a number of grain, energy, raw materials and equipment manufacturing bases that have distinctive local features and special advantages.We will accelerate development of key areas on a priority basis.We will promote the transformation of the economies of cities once dependent on now-depleted mineral resources in these regions.We will promptly formulate specific policies to encourage industries to relocate to the central and western regions, and formulate and implement a national plan for development priority zones.We will fully support the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas.

继续实施西部大开发、东北地区等老工业基地振兴、中部地区崛起、东部地区率先发展的区域发展总体战略，促进区域协调发展。鼓励各地从实际出发，充分发挥自身优势，在应对外部冲击中闯出发展新路。东部地区要大力开拓国际市场，稳定出口，着力发展先进制造业、现代服务业和高新技术产业，加快产业升级和体制创新，培育新的经济增长点，形成参与国际合作竞争新优势，增强更高水平上的可持续发展能力。经济特区、上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区要继续当好

31 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 改革开放排头兵。进一步支持中西部和东北地区加强薄弱环节，以消除瓶颈制约为重点，加大基础设施、生态建设和环境保护投资力度，新开工一批交通、水利重点工程，加快建设一批粮食、能源原材料、装备制造等优势产业基地和特色产业基地，加快重点地区优先开发，促进矿产资源枯竭型城市经济转型。抓紧研究制定中西部地区承接产业转移的具体政策。制定和实施全国主体功能区规划。大力扶持革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区和贫困地区发展。

5.Continuing to deepen reform and opening up, and further improving systems and mechanisms conducive to developing in a scientific manner

（五）继续深化改革开放，进一步完善有利于科学发展的体制机制

Reform and opening up provide an inexhaustible driving force for economic and social development.We will unswervingly carry out reform and opening up, resolve thorny problems hindering development by deepening reform, and obtain opportunities for development as China opens wider to the outside world.

改革开放是经济社会发展的不竭动力。我们将坚持改革开放不动摇，通过深化改革破解发展难题，在扩大开放中赢得发展机遇。

We will move ahead with price reform for resource products.We will continue to deepen reform of power prices and gradually improve the mechanism for determining rates for putting power on the grid, transmitting and distributing power, and selling power, and balance the prices of coal and power in a timely fashion.We will pre ahead with reform of water prices, gradually increase the price of water for non-farming purposes supplied from water projects, and improve the system for collecting and managing water resource fees.We will accelerate the establishment of sound systems for paying for the use of mineral resources and for compensating for ecological damage, and actively carry out trade in pollution rights on a trial basis.

推进资源性产品价格改革。继续深化电价改革，逐步完善上网电价、输配电价和销售电价形成机制，适时理顺煤电价格关系。积极推进水价改革，逐步提高水利工程供非农业用水价格，完善水资源费征收管理体制。加快建立健全矿产资源有偿使用制度和生态补偿机制，积极开展排污权交易试点。

We will carry forward reform of the fiscal and taxation systems.We will comprehensively institute VAT reforms.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges from Chinese to foreign enterprises and citizens.We will reform and improve the system of resource taxes.We will carry out reform of the taxation system for the real estate industry.We will continue to bring order to administrative fees and government-managed funds and further standardize their management.We will deepen reform of the budgetary system to better coordinate the budget for the government\'s public expenditures, budget for use of state capital, budget for government-managed funds, and budget for social security

32 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) programs and vigorously promote greater openne in budgetary work.We will improve the transfer payment system.We will promote the reform to place county public finances directly under the management of provincial governments.

推进财税体制改革。全面实施增值税转型改革。统一内外资企业和个人城建税、教育费附加等制度。改革完善资源税制度。研究推进房地产税制改革。继续清理行政事业性收费和政府性基金，加强规范管理。深化预算制度改革，实现政府公共预算、国有资本经营预算、政府性基金预算和社会保障预算的有机衔接，积极推进预算公开。完善财政转移支付制度。推进省直管县财政管理方式改革。

We will carry forward reform of the financial system.We will deepen the reform of state-owned financial institutions, and steadily develop small and medium-sized financial enterprises under multiple forms of ownership and new types of rural financial institutions.We will actively encourage healthy development of informal financing.We will continue to carry out reform of capital markets, and stabilize stock markets.We will develop and standardize the bond market, and steadily develop the futures market.We will deepen reform of the insurance sector to make the most of its guarantee and financing functions.We will carry forward market-based reform of interest rates.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will strengthen the mechanism for coordinating oversight and supervision in the financial sector.

推进金融体制改革。深化国有金融机构改革。稳步发展多种所有制中小金融企业和新型农村金融机构。积极引导民间融资健康发展。推进资本市场改革，维护股票市场稳定。发展和规范债券市场。稳步发展期货市场。深化保险业改革，积极发挥保险保障和融资功能。推进利率市场化改革。完善人民币汇率形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。健全金融监管协调机制。

We will carry forward reform of state-owned enterprises and support the development of the non-public sector of the economy.We will deepen the reform to introduce corporate and shareholding systems in large state-owned enterprises and establish a sound modern corporate structure.We will accelerate reform of the railway, power and salt industries, improve the administrative systems of the civil aviation and telecommunications industries, and formulate and introduce complementary policies for regulating reform of the telecommunications system.We will encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector.We will implement all the policies for relaxing controls over market acce and energetically support the involvement of private capital in SOE reform and its entry into such areas as infrastructure, public utilities, financial services and social programs.

推进国有企业改革和支持非公有制经济发展。深化国有大型企业公司制、股份制改革，建立健全现代企业制度。加快铁路、电力、盐业等行业改革。完善民航、电信管理体制，制定出台电信体制改革配套监管政策。鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济发展。落实放宽市场准入的各项政策，积极支持民间资本参与国有企

33 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 业改革，进入基础设施、公用事业、金融服务和社会事业等领域。

We will accelerate institutional reform in local governments and move forward with the reform of government-affiliated institutions.

加快地方政府机构改革。推进事业单位改革。

We will strive to ensure steady growth in foreign trade.While streing the importance of boosting domestic demand, we must not slacken efforts to promote export.In the face of the serious situation of a sharp decline in external demand and growing trade protectionism, we will straighten out and adjust our foreign trade policies and increase our support for import and export.We will continue to diversify our export markets and compete on quality, enhance traditional export markets, and energetically open up new markets.

努力保持对外贸易稳定增长。我们强调扩大内需，绝不能放松出口。面对外部需求急剧萎缩、贸易保护主义抬头的严峻形势，要清理和调整外贸政策，加大对进出口工作的支持力度。坚持出口市场多元化和以质取胜战略，巩固传统出口市场，大力开拓新兴市场。

First, we will fully employ internationally accepted fiscal and taxation policies to support our export.We will increase the Foreign Trade Development Fund to an appropriate extent, focusing on cultivating brand-name export products and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in expanding their international markets.

一是充分运用国际通行的财税政策支持出口；适度扩大外贸发展基金规模，重点支持中小企业开拓国际市场和培育出口品牌。

Second, we will improve our financial services for importing and exporting.We will expand the coverage of export credit insurance, and encourage financial institutions to develop export credit.We need to make innovations in financing guarantees for export enterprises.

二是改善对进出口的金融服务。扩大出口信用保险覆盖面；鼓励金融机构发展出口信贷；创新出口企业融资担保方式。

Third, we will steadily carry out upgrading of proceing trade.We will improve the climate for developing it, and adjust the list of commodities whose proceing is claified as prohibited or subject to restrictions.We will encourage the relocation of export proceing industries to the central and western regions.

三是稳步推进加工贸易转型升级。改善加工贸易发展环境，调整加工贸易禁止类和限制类目录；鼓励出口加工业向中西部地区转移。

34 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

Fourth, we will promptly improve policies and measures to encourage development of trade in services and energetically develop the outsourcing of international services to China.

四是抓紧完善鼓励服务贸易的政策措施；大力发展国际服务外包。

Fifth, we will strive to expand imports, focusing on introducing advanced technology and equipment and increasing imports of key spare parts and components, and important energy sources, resources and raw materials.

五是努力扩大进口。重点引进先进技术装备，增加关键零部件元器件、重要能源资源和原材料进口。

Sixth, we will improve the level of trade facilitation.We will improve supervision and service in customs, quality inspections and foreign exchange and intensify the development of border ports.

六是提高贸易便利化水平。优化海关、质检、外汇等方面监管和服务；加强边境口岸建设。

Seventh, we will work for a favorable international environment for trade and economic cooperation.We will vigorously promote the Doha round of trade talks, accelerate implementation of the strategy of free trade zones, and properly handle trade frictions.

七是营造良好的国际经贸环境。积极推动多哈回合谈判；加快实施自由贸易区战略；妥善应对贸易摩擦。

We will promote balanced development between foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas.We will keep the size of foreign investment in China steady and encourage more foreign investment in new- and high-tech industries, advanced manufacturing, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries, and modern service industries.We will further straighten out and standardize administrative fees for foreign-investment projects and the criteria for evaluating them.We will upgrade national development zones in the central and western regions and improve the opening of our border areas to the outside world.We will continue to implement the \"go global\" strategy, support all kinds of competent Chinese enterprises in investing overseas and undertaking international mergers and acquisitions, and encourage large enterprises to play a leading role in implementing the \"go global\" strategy.We will vigorously promote the establishment of trade and economic cooperation zones, joint exploitation of resources, undertaking of contracted projects and labor service cooperation in other countries.We will increase financial support for enterprises engaged in overseas investment and economic

35 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) cooperation, and expand channels for investment in other countries.We will expand the scope of the registration system for Chinese investment overseas, and strengthen risk control and supervision of enterprises\' overseas investments.

推动利用外资和对外投资协调发展。稳定利用外资规模，引导外资投向高新技术产业、先进制造业、节能环保产业和现代服务业。进一步清理和规范涉及外商投资的行政收费和检查事项。提升中西部国家级开发区发展水平和沿边开放水平。继续实施“走出去”战略。支持各类有条件的企业对外投资和开展跨国并购，充分发挥大型企业在“走出去”中的主力军作用。积极推进境外经贸合作区建设。发展境外资源合作开发、工程承包和劳务合作。加强企业对外投资合作的金融支持，拓宽对外投资渠道。扩大境外投资备案登记制范围。加强企业对外投资的风险控制和监管。

6.Energetically developing social programs and vigorously ensuring and improving the well-being of the people

（六）大力发展社会事业，着力保障和改善民生

This year we will concentrate on accomplishing major tasks that are urgently needed in economic and social development and directly related to the vital interests of the people to improve their well-being.

今年要集中力量办一些经济社会发展急需、关系人民群众切身利益的大事实事，让人民群众得到更多实惠。

We will do everything in our power to stimulate employment.We will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs.We will implement a more proactive employment policy, and the central government will allocate 42 billion yuan for this purpose.

千方百计促进就业。充分发挥服务业、劳动密集型产业、中小企业、非公有制经济在吸纳就业中的作用。实施更加积极的就业政策，中央财政拟投入４２０亿元资金。

First, we will give high priority to facilitating the employment of university graduates.Graduates who take jobs in public administration and public services at the community level in urban and rural areas will receive social security benefits and position subsidies.Those who either take jobs in villages or enlist in the army will receive tuition reimbursement and have their student loans forgiven.We will encourage institutions of higher learning, research institutes and enterprises undertaking key research projects to recruit qualified university graduates to do research work.Enterprises recruiting such graduates will receive relevant employment policy support from the government.We will speed up the establishment of startup

36 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) industrial parks and incubation bases that require le investment and yield quicker results where college graduates can start their own businees.

一是把促进高校毕业生就业放在突出位置。高校毕业生到城乡基层社会管理和公共服务岗位就业，给予社会保险和岗位补贴；到农村基层服务和参军入伍，给予学费补偿和代偿助学贷款。鼓励承担重点科研项目的高校、科研院所和企业吸纳符合条件的毕业生从事科研工作。企业吸纳符合条件的高校毕业生就业，可按规定享受相关就业扶持政策。加快建设一批投资少、见效快的大学生创业园或创业孵化基地。

Second, we will expand employment opportunities for rural migrant workers in cities while stabilizing their existing jobs.We will stimulate their employment through government investment and the launch of major projects.We will encourage and help enterprises that are in a difficult situation to prevent layoffs by renegotiating wage levels with their employees, adopting flexible employment and work hours, or providing job training for them.We will increase the export of organized labor services and guide the orderly flow of rural migrant workers.We will arrange for those that have returned to their home villages to take part in the construction of local public facilities.

二是广开农民工就业门路和稳定现有就业岗位。要发挥政府投资和重大项目建设带动农民工就业的作用。鼓励和支持困难企业与员工协商薪酬，采取灵活用工、弹性工时、技能培训等办法，尽量不裁员。加强有组织的劳务输出，引导农民工有序流动。组织返乡农民工参与农村公共设施建设。

Third, we will help urban residents experiencing difficulty finding work, members of zero-employment households and workers in disaster-stricken areas find jobs.We will create more public-service jobs.

三是帮助城镇就业困难人员、零就业家庭和灾区劳动力就业。进一步开辟公益性就业岗位。

Fourth, we will vigorously support individuals in starting their own businees or finding jobs on their own, thus expanding employment by creating new businees.We will adopt facilitating and preferential policies concerning market acce, taxation, financing and land use to encourage more workers to become entrepreneurs.We will further lower the barrier for individuals, including rural migrant workers who have returned to their home villages, to start their own businees and lend them more support in this area.

四是大力支持自主创业、自谋职业，促进以创业带动就业。在市场准入、财税金融、经营用地等方面提供便利和优惠，鼓励更多劳动者成为创业者。对自主创业、农民工返乡创业要进一步降低门槛，给予更大支持。

37 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) Fifth, we will further improve public services for employment.We will improve the release of employment information and provide more effective career and employment guidance.We will vigorously develop vocational training.We will increase policy support for skills training for rural migrant workers and urban residents experiencing employment difficulty.

五是进一步改善对就业的公共服务。加强就业信息发布、职业介绍和就业指导工作。大力开展职业培训。加大对就业困难人员和农民工职业技能培训的政策扶持。

We will move faster to improve the social safety net.

加快完善社会保障体系。

First, we will pre ahead with institutional development.We will improve the basic old-age insurance system, continue to carryout the pilot projects to fully fund personal accounts for old-age insurance, and comprehensively carry out planning at the provincial level.We will formulate and implement a method for old-age pensions for rural migrant workers.The pilot projects for establishing a new type of old-age insurance system for rural residents will cover approximately 10% of the counties and county-level cities in the country.We will introduce a method for transferring old-age pension accounts for workers moving from one region to another, and improve the systems of unemployment, workers\' compensation, and maternity insurance.We will improve the urban and rural social aistance systems.

一是推进制度建设。完善基本养老保险制度，继续开展做实个人账户试点，全面推进省级统筹。制定实施农民工养老保险办法。新型农村社会养老保险试点要覆盖全国１０％左右的县（市）。出台养老保险关系转移接续办法。完善失业、工伤、生育保险制度。健全城乡社会救助制度。

Second, we will expand coverage of social security programs, focusing on coverage for employees in the non-public sector, rural migrant workers, farmers whose land was expropriated, people with flexible employment arrangements and freelancers.All rural residents entitled to cost of living allowances will receive them.We will increase funding for the national social safety net through multiple channels.We will strengthen supervision of social security funds to ensure their safety.

二是扩大社会保障覆盖范围。重点做好非公有制经济从业人员、农民工、被征地农民、灵活就业人员和自由职业者参保工作。农村低保要做到应保尽保。多渠道增加全国社会保障基金。切实加强社会保障基金监管，保证基金安全。

Third, we will increase social security benefits.We will continue to raise the basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by an annual average of about 10% per person for the next two years.We will continue to increase unemployment insurance

38 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) benefits and workers\' compensation.We will extend greater financial support to both urban and rural recipients of cost of living allowances and to childle and infirm rural residents who receive subsidies for food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses, and increase subsidies and living allowances to members of entitled groups.We will vigorously develop social welfare and charity programs.The central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6% or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year.Local governments will also increase funding in this area.

三是提高社会保障待遇。今明两年继续提高企业退休人员基本养老金，人均每年增长１０％左右。继续提高失业保险金和工伤保险金标准。进一步提高城乡低保、农村五保等保障水平，提高优抚对象抚恤和生活补助标准。大力发展社会福利事业和慈善事业。中央财政拟投入社会保障资金２９３０亿元，比上年预计数增加４３９亿元，增长１７．６％。地方财政也要加大投入。

We will continue to give priority to developing education.This year we will formulate the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development to make comprehensive arrangements for education reform and development in China through 2020.This year, we need to focus on the following five areas.

坚持优先发展教育事业。今年要研究制定国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要，对２０２０年前我国教育改革发展作出全面部署。年内要重点抓好五个方面。

First, we will promote fairne in education.We will implement free compulsory education policies for both urban and rural areas well.We will increase public expenditures on rural compulsory education to 300 yuan per primary school student and 500 yuan per junior secondary school student.We will progreively ensure that children of rural migrant workers have acce to free compulsory education in the places where their families have relocated.We will increase living allowances for rural students receiving compulsory education who come from poor families and stay in school dormitories.We will strive to basically clear the debts incurred in providing nine-year compulsory education in rural areas within three years.We will improve the national financial aid system for students and increase financial aid for secondary vocational school and university students from poor families to ensure that everyone enjoys equal opportunity to receive education and that no child is denied schooling due to financial difficulties.

一是促进教育公平。落实好城乡免费义务教育政策。提高农村义务教育公用经费标准，把小学、初中学生人均公用经费分别提高到３００元和５００元。逐步解决农民工子女在输入地免费接受义务教育问题。增加农村义务教育阶段家庭经济困难寄宿生的生活补助。争取三年内基本解决农村“普九”债务问题。完善国家助学制度，加大对中等职业学校和高等院校家庭经济困难学生的资助，确保人人享有平等的受教育机会，不让一个孩子因家庭经济困难而失学。

39 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

Second, we will optimize the education structure.We will energetically develop vocational education, with the focus on supporting rural secondary vocational education.We will gradually make secondary vocational education free, beginning this year with rural students from poor families and students studying agriculture-related subjects.We will continue to improve the quality of higher education, develop high-quality universities and key disciplines, and guide institutions of higher learning to adapt their specialties, curriculums and courses to meet the needs of the market and China\'s economic and social development.

二是优化教育结构。大力发展职业教育，特别要重点支持农村中等职业教育。逐步实行中等职业教育免费，今年先从农村家庭经济困难学生和涉农专业做起。继续提高高等教育质量，推进高水平大学和重点学科建设，引导高等学校调整专业和课程设置，适应市场和经济社会发展需求。

Third, we will improve the quality of teachers.We will apply a performance-based salary system for teachers in compulsory education and raise salaries for the 12 million primary and secondary school teachers.The central government will spend 12 billion yuan and local governments will also increase funding for this purpose.We will step up training for all teachers, especially rural teachers, and encourage graduates from teachers colleges and other colleges and universities to teach at community and village schools.

三是加强教师队伍建设。对义务教育阶段教师实行绩效工资制度，提高１２００万中小学教师待遇，中央财政为此将投入１２０亿元，地方财政也要增加投入。全面加强教师特别是农村教师培训，鼓励大学生、师范生到基层、农村任教。

Fourth, we will advance well-rounded education.Education of all types and at all levels must focus on promoting all-round development of students.Reform of curriculums, textbooks, teaching methods and examination and evaluation systems should be accelerated to relieve primary and secondary school students of their exceive study load so that they will have more time to think, practice and create.

四是推进素质教育。各级各类教育都要着眼于促进人的全面发展，加快课程、教材、教育方法和考试评价制度改革，把中小学生从过重的课业负担中解放出来，让学生有更多的时间思考、实践、创造。

Fifth, we will implement a program to ensure that all primary and secondary school buildings are safe and promote standardization in the construction of rural primary and secondary schools.We will make school buildings places that are the safest and provide the greatest aurance to parents.

五是实施全国中小学校舍安全工程，推进农村中小学标准化建设。要把学校建成最安全、家长最放心的地方。

40 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

We will carry forward pharmaceutical and health care reform and development.We will ensure that public medical and health care services serve the public good and fully arouse the initiative of health workers.We will work hard to establish a nationwide basic medical and health care system for both urban and rural areas to begin providing universal coverage.We will focus on the following five areas starting from this year.

推进医药卫生事业改革发展。要坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质，充分调动广大医务人员的积极性。努力建成覆盖全国城乡的基本医疗卫生制度，初步实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务。从今年开始，重点抓好以下五项工作。

First, we will develop a system that ensures basic medical care.Urban residents will be covered by basic medical insurance for urban workers or basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents, and rural residents will be covered by the new type of rural cooperative medical care system.We will ensure that these programs cover over 90% of those eligible within three years.The central government will provide appropriate subsidies for retirees from closed or bankrupt state-owned enterprises in financially strained regions to get such insurance.We will continue to raise the standard for financing and increase government subsidies for basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system, appropriately expand the scope of reimbursement and raise the proportion of costs reimbursed.We will improve urban and rural medical aistance programs and improve the level of aistance.

一是推进基本医疗保障制度建设。将全国城乡居民分别纳入城镇职工基本医疗保险、城镇居民基本医疗保险和新型农村合作医疗制度覆盖范围，三年内参保率均提高到９０％以上。中央财政对困难地区关闭破产国有企业退休人员参保给予适当补助。继续提高城镇居民医保和新农合筹资标准和财政补助标准，适当扩大报销范围，提高报销比例。完善城乡医疗救助制度，提高救助水平。

Second, we will establish a national system for basic drugs.This year, we will formulate and promulgate a unified national basic drugs catalog and adopt policies concerning their production, distribution, pricing, use and insurance reimbursement in order to ease the burden on patients for the cost of basic drugs.

二是建立国家基本药物制度。今年要统一制定和发布国家基本药物目录，出台基本药物生产、流通、定价、使用和医保报销政策，减轻群众看病就医基本用药费用负担。

Third, we will improve the community-level medical and health service system.This year, we will complete the building of 29,000health clinics in towns and townships supported by the plan.In the coming three years, the central government will allocate funds to support the building of another 5,000 central health clinics in towns and townships, 2,000 county-level hospitals and 2,400 community health

41 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) service centers in urban areas.We will support the construction of health care clinics in villages in remote regions and ensure that all incorporated villages have their own health care clinics.

三是健全基层医疗卫生服务体系。今年要全面完成规划支持的２．９万所乡镇卫生院建设任务。今后三年内中央财政再支持５０００所中心乡镇卫生院、２０００所县级医院和２４００所城市社区卫生服务中心建设。支持边远地区村卫生室建设，实现全国每个行政村都有卫生室。

Fourth, we will steadily promote equal acce for all to basic public health services.We will expand the scope of free public health services and ensure that the per capita public health service expenditure for both urban and rural residents is not le than 15 yuan, a level that will rise gradually in the future.We will appropriate more funds to prevent and control major communicable diseases, chronic and occupational diseases, and endemics.

四是促进基本公共卫生服务逐步均等化。扩大免费公共卫生服务范围，城乡居民人均公共卫生服务经费不低于１５元，以后逐步提高。增加重大传染病、慢性病和职业病、地方病防治的专项投入。

Fifth, we will carry forward pilot reforms in public hospitals with the emphasis on reforms in their management system and their operation and oversight mechanisms.We will encourage every locality to seek effective ways to separate government administration from medical practice, management from operations, medical care from drugs, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will gradually eliminate the practice of hospitals subsidizing their medical services with drug sales and reform the mechanism of subsidizing public hospitals.We will encourage all localities to seek ways to establish a medical service pricing mechanism based on consultations among stakeholders and establish a system whereby relevant institutions, representatives of the general public, and experts oversee and evaluate the quality of medical services.We will give full play to traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities in disease prevention and control.Governments at all levels will allocate an additional 850 billion yuan in the next three years, including 331.8 billion yuan from the central government, to ensure smooth progre in the reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care.Because this reform concerns the people\'s health-related rights and interests, we need to improve leadership, make plans and arrangements carefully, progre vigorously yet prudently, and effectively solve the problem of medical services being unaffordable and inadequate, in order to provide safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health care services for the people.

五是推进公立医院改革试点。重点改革管理体制、运行机制和监管机制。鼓励各地探索政事分开、管办分开、医药分开、营利性和非营利性分开的有效形式。逐步取消以药补医机制，推进公立医院补偿机制改革。鼓励各地探索建立医疗服

42 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 务由利益相关方参与协商的定价机制，建立由有关机构、群众代表和专家参与的质量监管和评价制度。要充分发挥中医药和民族医药在防病治病中的重要作用。今后三年各级政府拟投入８５００亿元，其中中央财政投入３３１８亿元，以保证医药卫生体制改革的顺利推进。医药卫生体制改革事关人民群众的健康权益，我们要加强领导、精心设计、认真组织，积极稳妥地推进，切实解决看病贵、看病难问题，为人民群众提供安全、有效、方便、价廉的医疗卫生服务。

We will do our work related to population and family planning well and maintain a low birthrate.From this year on, we will introduce a policy in all rural areas to subsidize hospitalized childbirth, provide regular prenatal checkups and postpartum visits for women, and monitor the growth of infants and toddlers le than three years of age.We will intensify our efforts to prevent birth defects.We will increase the reward to rural women at or above the age of 60 who have complied with family planning regulations from 600 yuan to 720 yuan per person.We will improve services for and intensify management of the floating population and better protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will provide routine gynecological examinations for rural women.We will support and accelerate programs benefiting people with disabilities.We will continue to intensify our work concerning the elderly.

做好人口和计划生育工作，稳定低生育水平。从今年开始，在全国农村实行住院分娩补助政策，定期为孕产妇做产前检查和产后访视，为３岁以下婴幼儿做生长发育检查。加强出生缺陷预防工作。将农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助标准由人均６００元提高到７２０元。加强流动人口服务和管理。保护妇女和未成年人权益。在农村妇女中开展妇科疾病定期检查。支持残疾人事业加快发展。继续加强老龄工作。

We will vigorously develop culture and sports.Developing cultural programs and promoting cultural enrichment will help not only enrich people\'s cultural lives but also expand avenues of consumption.We need to vigorously develop non-profit cultural programs and accelerate improvement of the system of public cultural services.We will intensify construction of key cultural facilities as well as community-based cultural facilities in both urban and rural areas, particularly the project to extend radio and TV coverage to all villages, and the construction of multipurpose cultural centers in towns and townships and small libraries in rural areas, and we will vigorously promote cultural projects that benefit the people.We will help accelerate the development of cultural industries, improve policy support for them and foster leading cultural enterprises.We will help philosophy and the social sciences flourish, and actively develop literature, the arts, radio, TV, film, the pre and publishing.We will strengthen development and management of Internet culture and effectively protect our cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.We will reform management and operation of nonprofit cultural institutions and transform for-profit cultural agencies into enterprises.We will build more and better community-based public sports facilities, vigorously promote ma sports activities, raise the level of competitive sports and develop the sports industry.

43 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照)

大力发展文化体育事业。促进文化发展和繁荣，既有利于丰富人们的精神文化生活，也可以拓展消费领域。积极发展公益性文化事业，加快完善公共文化服务体系，加强重点文化设施、城乡基层文化设施特别是广播电视“村村通”和乡镇综合文化站、农家书屋建设，努力推进文化惠民工程。支持文化产业加快发展，完善扶持政策，培育骨干文化企业。繁荣哲学社会科学，积极发展文学艺术、广播影视、新闻出版事业。加强网络文化建设和管理。做好文物和非物质文化遗产保护。推进公益性文化事业单位管理体制、运行机制改革和经营性文化单位转企改制。加强基层公共体育设施建设，大力开展群众性体育活动，提高竞技体育水平，发展体育产业。

We will strengthen the development of democracy and the legal system.We will carry out political restructuring in an active yet prudent manner and develop socialist democratic politics.We need to improve democratic institutions, enrich the forms of democracy, expand its channels, and carry out democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law.We will improve the mechanisms of self-governance by the people at the community level and expand the scope of community-level self-governance, improve the system for community-level democratic administration and ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights and administer community-level public affairs and public programs in accordance with the law.We will increase publicity of and education in the law, intensify education about citizenship, and promote the values of socialist democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We will coordinate development of urban and rural communities and promote the healthy growth of civic organizations.We will strengthen government work concerning the law, increase transparency in government legislation, expand public participation therein, and ensure that the law is enforced in a standardized, fair and civilized manner.

加强民主法制建设。积极稳妥地推进政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主政治。要健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道，依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督。要健全基层群众自治机制，扩大基层群众自治范围，完善基层民主管理制度，保障人民群众依法直接行使民主权利、管理基层公共事务和公共事业。深入开展法制宣传教育，加强公民意识教育，树立社会主义民主法治、自由平等、公平正义理念。统筹推进城乡社区建设，促进社会组织健康发展。加强政府法制工作，提高政府立法透明度和公众参与度，做到规范、公正、文明执法。

We will strengthen public administration and maintain harmony and stability in society.We need to pay special attention to safeguarding people\'s legitimate rights and interests, correctly handle problems among the people, properly deal with their complaints in a timely manner, and resolutely correct all actions that harm their interests.We will improve the mechanism for mediating, handling and resolving social tensions and guide the people in expreing their concerns relating to their interests by reasonable and lawful means.We will adhere to the system whereby

44 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) leading cadres, especially principal ones, handle people\'s letters and receive people\'s visits in order to serve the people and resolve conflicts.We will improve the early-warning system for social stability to actively prevent and properly handle all types of ma incidents.We will launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security and maintain law and order through a full range of measures.We will be on high alert for and severely crack down on criminal offenses in accordance with the law in order to safeguard national security and social stability.

加强社会管理，维护社会和谐安定。要特别重视维护群众合法权益，正确处理人民内部矛盾，及时合理解决群众反映的问题，坚决纠正各种损害群众利益的行为。健全社会矛盾纠纷调处化解机制，引导群众以理性合法的方式表达利益诉求。坚持领导干部特别是主要领导干部处理群众来信和接待群众来访制度，服务群众，化解矛盾。健全社会稳定预警机制，积极预防和妥善处置各类群体性事件。深入开展平安创建活动，加强社会治安综合治理。严密防范、依法严厉打击各类违法犯罪活动，维护国家安全和社会稳定。

7.Intensifying government self-improvement and making the government better able to manage overall economic and social development

（七）推进政府自身建设，提高驾驭经济社会发展全局的能力

Achievements were made in reforming the government and intensifying its self-improvement over the past year, but they still fall considerably short of what the people expect.The functions of government have not yet been completely transformed.Administrative efficiency needs to rise.Formalism and bureaucratism are still pronounced.Corruption remains a serious problem in some localities, departments and areas.Tremendous effort is needed to solve all these problems.We need to focus on the overall objectives of sustaining economic growth, ensuring people\'s well-being and maintaining stability, and intensify the work of government self-improvement.

过去一年，政府自身改革和建设取得了新的成绩，但与人民的期待仍有不小差距。政府职能转变还不到位，行政效率有待提高，形式主义、官僚主义比较突出，腐败现象在一些地方、部门和领域比较严重。这些问题必须下大气力解决。要紧紧围绕保增长、保民生、保稳定这个大局，加强政府自身建设。

We will continue to run the government in accordance with the law.We will standardize government administration, ensure that our administration is based on law and reason, executed through proper procedures, highly efficient, convenient for the public, honest and trustworthy, and that authority and responsibility are united.We will thoroughly implement the Administrative Permit Law, continue to carry out reform of the administrative examination and approval system, reduce the number of items it covers, especially investment examination and approval and project approval, and ensure that enterprises make their own investment decisions.We will promote fair competition, break regional blockades and industry monopolies, and organize and

45 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) mobilize all social resources to promote economic growth.By ensuring that all government departments fully and properly execute their functions, we will create a favorable environment for development, and increase enterprises\' confidence in investment, individuals\' confidence in consumption and people\'s confidence in the development of the country.

坚持依法行政。规范行政行为，做到合法行政、合理行政、程序正当、高效便民、诚实守信、权责统一。深入贯彻行政许可法，继续推进行政审批制度改革，减少行政许可和审批事项，特别要减少投资审批、项目核准，落实企业的投资主体地位。促进公平竞争，消除地区封锁，打破行业垄断，组织调动各种社会资源，促进经济增长。通过全面正确履行政府职能，创造良好发展环境，增强企业投资的信心，增强社会消费的信心，增强人民群众对国家发展的信心。

We will make decisions scientifically and democratically.In all decisions we make, the procedures need to be lawful and standardized, the proce democratic and open, and the results scientific and equitable.In formulating and implementing major government policies and decisions, we need to conduct thorough research and studies, heed people\'s concerns, solicit their opinions, pool their wisdom, act in accordance with objective laws, and make our policies and decisions more foresighted, scientific and effective.We need to make government affairs more open and transparent.We will ensure the people\'s right to stay informed about, to participate in, to expre views on, and to oversee government affairs, and keep them informed as to what the government is thinking and doing so that we can win their thorough understanding, wide support and active participation.The government is investing a large sum of money and launching numerous new projects this year, and we will ensure they receive proper oversight.We will prohibit image projects that waste both human and financial resources and vanity projects that are divorced from reality, and will never allow any organization or individual to exploit the surge in public spending for private gain.Governments at all levels must conscientiously subject themselves to the oversight by the people\'s congrees and the democratic oversight by the CPPCC committees at their corresponding levels.We will tighten profeional oversight by supervision and auditing departments, and attach great importance to oversight by the public and the news media.We will strive to make sure that oversight takes place wherever administrative power is exercised and that government funds will be audited wherever they are used.

实行科学民主决策。各项决策都要做到程序依法规范、过程民主公开、结果科学公正。政府重大决策的形成和执行都要加强调查研究，做到察民情、听民意、聚民智，尊重客观规律，提高决策的预见性、科学性和有效性。要推进政务公开，增加透明度，保障人民群众的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权，让人民群众知道政府在想什么、做什么，赢得人民群众的充分理解、广泛支持和积极参与。今年政府投资力度大、新上项目多，要确保监管到位，绝不能搞劳民伤财的“形象工程”和脱离实际的“政绩工程”，绝不允许利用扩大公共投资为单位和个人谋取私利。各级政府都要自觉接受人大监督和政协民主监督，强化监察、审计等专门

46 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 监督，高度重视人民群众监督和新闻舆论监督，做到行政权力运行到哪里，监督就落实到哪里，财政资金运用到哪里，审计就跟进到哪里。

We will earnestly improve our conduct.Governments at all levels need to resolutely implement the policy decisions and arrangements of the central leadership, stay firmly grounded in reality, and work creatively to ensure all policies are carried out fully and effectively.Leading cadres need to conduct thorough research and studies to promptly discover and resolve problems, maintain close contact with the people, show concern for their sufferings, listen to their opinions, and help them solve their problems.Government employees need to always maintain high morale, embody a vigorous spirit and work with the people to meet challenges head on, break new ground through hard work and tide over bad times together.

切实转变工作作风。各级政府要坚定地贯彻中央的决策部署，紧密结合实际，创造性地开展工作，使中央的各项政策落到实处，收到实效。领导干部要深入调查研究，及时发现问题，解决问题；密切联系群众，关心群众疾苦，倾听群众呼声，为群众排忧解难。政府工作人员要始终保持昂扬向上、奋发有为的精神状态，和广大人民群众一道知难而进，开拓进取，艰苦奋斗，共克时艰。

We will strengthen our efforts to promote clean government and combat corruption.We will focus on standardizing institutions and limiting the exercise of power, and prevent and punish corruption at its source in areas and links prone to corruption.We will resolutely investigate and prosecute corruption cases and punish corruptionists in accordance with the law.We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean and efficient to satisfy people\'s needs and win their trust.

加强廉政建设和反腐败工作。以规范制度和制约权力为核心，针对腐败现象易发多发的领域和环节，从源头上防治腐败。坚决查处腐败案件，依法惩处腐败分子。我们一定要勤勉尽责，以实际行动和工作业绩，建设为民、务实、廉洁、高效的政府，让人民放心，让人民满意。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

Promoting unity among all ethnic groups and achieving common development and prosperity serves the fundamental interests of the people of all our ethnic groups.We will fully implement the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and ensure that the policies and measures of the central government supporting economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas are effectively implemented.We will continue to increase support to ethnic groups with small populations.We will expand coverage of the \"bring prosperity to border areas and residents\" campaign to all border counties and the Xinjiang Production and

47 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) Construction Corps\' regimental pastures and farms in border areas.We will support more rapid development of pastoral areas and ethnic minority mountain regions.We will unswervingly uphold national unity and further develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, unity, mutual aistance and harmony.

促进各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展，是各族人民的根本利益所在。要全面贯彻民族区域自治法，确保中央支持少数民族和民族地区经济社会发展的政策措施落到实处。继续加大对人口较少民族的扶持力度。推进兴边富民行动覆盖所有边境县和新疆生产建设兵团边境团场。支持牧区和少数民族聚居山区加快发展。坚定不移地维护民族团结，进一步构建平等、团结、互助、和谐的社会主义民族关系。

We will fully implement the Party\'s basic principles on work related to religions and enable religious figures and people with religious belief to play a positive role in promoting economic and social development.

全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。

We will diligently implement the Party\'s policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in showing concern for and participating in the modernization and peaceful reunification of the motherland.

认真贯彻党的侨务政策，支持海外侨胞、归侨侨眷关心和参与祖国现代化建设与和平统一大业。

Last year significant progre was made in the modernization of national defense and the army.The People\'s Liberation Army played an important role in safeguarding China\'s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, supporting its modernization drive, and completing urgent, difficult, dangerous and daunting tasks.In the coming year, we need to make our army more revolutionary, modern and standardized, focusing on enabling it to fully carry out its historic miions in the new stage and in the new century.We will strengthen ideological and political work in the army.We will effectively transform our military training based on mechanized warfare to military training for warfare under conditions of greater IT application, and continue to enhance the army\'s ability to respond to multiple security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks.We will modernize weapons, equipment and logistics support acro the board.We will improve defense-related research, the weapons and equipment production system, the military personnel training system, and the army\'s logistics support system that integrate civilian with military purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support.We will actively and steadily carry out reform of the army to inject more vigor and vitality into army building.We will intensify the improvement of the People\'s Armed Police Force to make it better able to carry out its

48 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) duties, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will strengthen defense mobilization and reserve forces.We will strengthen and develop unity between the army and the government and between the army and the people.

过去的一年，国防和军队现代化建设取得重要进展。人民解放军为维护国家主权、安全和领土完整，支持国家现代化建设，完成急难险重任务，发挥了重要作用。在新的一年，要着眼全面履行新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，推进军队革命化、现代化、正规化建设。大力加强军队思想政治工作。扎实推进机械化条件下军事训练向信息化条件下军事训练转变，不断提高应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事任务的能力。全面提高武器装备和后勤保障的现代化水平。完善军民结合、寓军于民的国防科研和武器装备生产体系、军队人才培养体系和军队保障体系。积极稳妥地推进军队改革，增强军队建设的生机与活力。加强人民武装警察部队建设，增强执勤、处置突发事件、反恐、维稳能力。加强国防动员和后备力量建设。巩固发展军政军民团结。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

We will unswervingly adhere to the principle of \"one country, two systems\" under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and fully support the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions in actively responding to the global financial crisis and maintaining their prosperity and stability.We will increase cooperation between the mainland and the two regions, consolidate Hong Kong\'s position as an international financial center and promote an appropriate level of diversity in Macao\'s economy.We will accelerate the pilot program for the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao to use RMB as the settlement currency for trade in goods.We will constantly deepen and expand cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao.We will accelerate construction of infrastructure such as the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Airport Rail Link and the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Expre Rail Link.We will give Hong Kong and Macao greater acce to the mainland\'s service sector.We will adopt effective measures to support development of Hong Kong- and Macao-funded enterprises on the mainland, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises, and help ease their difficulties.The great motherland will always provide strong backing to Hong Kong and Macao.We firmly believe that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will surmount their current difficulties and create an even brighter future.

我们将坚定不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，全力支持香港、澳门两个特别行政区积极应对国际金融危机，保持繁荣稳定。进一步加强内地与港澳的合作，巩固香港国际金融中心地位，促进澳门经济适度多元发展。加快推进与港澳地区货物贸易的人民币结算试点。不断拓展粤港澳三地合作的深度和广度。加快推动港珠澳大桥、港深机场铁路、广深港高速铁路等基础设施建设。扩大内地服务业对港澳的开放。采取有效措施支持港澳在内

49 2009年政府工作报告(中英文对照) 地企业特别是中小企业发展，缓解经营困难。伟大祖国永远是香港、澳门的坚强后盾。我们坚信，香港、澳门同胞一定能够克服面临的困难，开创更加美好的明天！

Last year important progre was made in our Taiwan-related work.Positive changes occurred in the situation in Taiwan, and major breakthroughs were made in cro-Straits relations.Consultations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits were resumed on the basis of the 1992 Consensus, and complete, direct and two-way mail, transport and trade links were established.The two sides enjoyed more frequent people-to-people exchanges, closer economic ties, more active cultural exchanges and broader common interests.Cro-Straits relations have embarked on the track of peaceful development.In the coming year, we will continue to adhere to the principle of developing cro-Straits relations and promoting peaceful reunification of the motherland.We will remain committed to the goal of peaceful development of cro-Straits relations, and work actively to build a framework for and strive to achieve new progre in the peaceful development of cro-Straits relations.We will continue to comprehensively strengthen cro-Straits economic cooperation to jointly respond to the global financial crisis.We will actively promote financial cooperation acro the Straits, support the development of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland, provide financing services for qualified ones, and encourage their independent innovation, transformation and upgrading.We will strengthen two-way investment and industrial cooperation and expand and deepen agricultural cooperation between the two sides.We will support economic development on the west coast of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.We will accelerate normalization of cro-Straits economic relations and facilitate the signing of a comprehensive agreement on economic cooperation, and gradually establish economic cooperation mechanisms tailored to both sides of the Straits.We will increase contacts between individuals, expand exchanges among all sectors of society, vigorously promote Chinese culture and consolidate the common cultural bonds between the two sides.We will work on the basis of the one-China principle to enhance mutual political trust between the two sides.Based on this, we are ready to make fair and reasonable arrangements through consultation on the iue of Taiwan\'s participation in the activities of international organizations.We are also ready to hold talks on cro-Straits political and military iues and create conditions for ending the state of hostility and concluding a peace agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.We are convinced that, with the concerted efforts of the people on both sides of the Straits, we will achieve complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

过去的一年，对台工作取得重要进展，台湾局势发生积极变化，两岸关系取得重大突破。两岸协商在“九二共识”基础上得到恢复，全面直接双向“三通”已经实现。两岸同胞往来更频繁、经济联系更密切、文化交流更活跃、共同利益更广泛，两岸关系开始步入和平发展轨道。新的一年里，我们要继续坚持发展两岸关系、促进祖国和平统一的大政方针，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展的主题，积极构

推荐第6篇：政府工作报告中英文对照

2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT ——2008年3月5日在第十一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议上

Delivered at the First Seion of the Eleventh National

People's Congre on March 5, 2008

国务院总理温家宝

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies, 现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告本届政府过去五年的工作，对今年工作提出建议，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I would now like to deliver to you a report on the work of the government over the past five years and on the arrangements for its work this year for your deliberation and approval and also for comments and suggestions from the members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、过去五年工作回顾

I.Review of the Work of the Past Five Years 第十届全国人民代表大会第一次会议以来的五年，是不平凡的五年。在中国共产党领导下，各级政府和全国各族人民认真贯彻党的十六大精神，齐心协力，顽强拼搏，积极应对复杂多变的国际环境，努力克服经济社会发展中的各种困难，战胜了突如其来的严重非典疫情和历史罕见的低温雨雪冰冻等特大自然灾害，改革开放和现代化建设取得了举世瞩目的重大成就。

The past five years since the First Seion of the Tenth National People's Congre was a momentous period.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), governments at all levels and people of all the ethnic groups in China diligently followed the guiding principles set out at the Sixteenth CPC National Congre and worked in concert and with dedication.We vigorously responded to the complex and volatile international environment, strove to overcome various difficulties hindering economic and social development, and prevailed over the sudden and severe outbreak of SARS and catastrophic natural disasters such as the recent snow and ice storms in the south that the region has rarely seen before.We made major achievements in reform, opening up and modernization, which attracted the attention of the world.

1 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

——经济跨上新台阶。2007年，国内生产总值达到24.66万亿元，比2002年增长65.5%，年均增长10.6%，从世界第六位上升到第四位；全国财政收入达到5.13万亿元，增长1.71倍；外汇储备超过1.52万亿美元。

– The economy reached a new high.China's GDP in 2007 reached 24.66 trillion yuan, an increase of 65.5% over 2002 and an average annual increase of 10.6%, rising from the sixth highest one in the world to the fourth.Total government revenue reached 5.13 trillion yuan, a 171% increase over 2002.Our foreign exchange reserves exceeded US$ 1.52 trillion.——取消农业税，终结了农民种田交税的历史。全国粮食连续四年增产，2007年产量达到50150万吨。

– The agricultural tax was rescinded, ending the centuries-old practice of farmers paying taxes.China's grain output rose four consecutive years to reach 501.5 million tons in 2007.——国有企业、金融、财税、外经贸体制和行政管理体制等改革迈出重大步伐。开放型经济进入新阶段。2007年进出口总额达到2.17万亿美元，从世界第六位上升到第三位。

– Major progre was made in the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), the financial system, fiscal and taxation systems, the system of foreign trade and economic cooperation, and the administrative system.China has entered a new stage in developing a more open economy.Total volume of imports and exports reached $2.17 trillion in 2007, raising China from the sixth largest trading nation in the world to the third largest.

——创新型国家建设进展良好，涌现出一批具有重大国际影响的科技创新成果。载人航天飞行和首次月球探测工程圆满成功。

– Good progre was made in efforts to make China more innovative, and a number of major scientific and technological innovations with international impact were made.Manned spaceflights and our first moon exploration project were succefully carried out.——全面实现农村免费义务教育，这是我国教育发展史上的重要里程碑。覆盖城乡的公共卫生体系和基本医疗服务体系初步建立。

– Free compulsory education was made available to all rural students, marking an important milestone in the history of the development of education in China.The basic frameworks for a public health system and a system of basic medical services covering both urban and rural areas have been put in place.——城乡公共文化服务体系逐步完善。文化体制改革取得重要进展，文化事业和文化产业快速发展。上海特奥会成功举办。北京奥运会、残奥会和上海世博会筹备工作进展顺利。

– Steady improvement was made in the urban and rural system of public cultural services.Significant progre was made in reform of the cultural management system, and the development of cultural programs and cultural industries was accelerated.The Shanghai Special Olympics was succefully held.Preparations for the 2008 Olympics and Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai proceeded smoothly.——民主法制建设取得新进步，依法行政扎实推进，保障人民权益和维护社会公平正义得到加强。

– Progre was made in developing democracy and the legal system and in 2 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

enhancing law-based government.Greater efforts were made to safeguard people's rights and interests and ensure social fairne and justice.——人民生活显著改善。五年全国新增城镇就业5100万人。城镇居民人均可支配收入由2002年7703元增加到2007年13786元，农村居民人均纯收入由2476元增加到4140元。社会保障体系框架初步形成。贫困人口逐年减少。

– People's living standards improved significantly.Fifty-one million urban jobs were created over the past five years.Urban per capita annual disposable income rose from 7,703 yuan in 2002 to 13,786 yuan in 2007, and rural per capita annual net income rose from 2,476 yuan to 4,140 yuan during the same period.The basic framework for a social safety net for both urban and rural areas was put in place.The number of people living in poverty was reduced every year.事实充分说明，过去五年是改革开放和全面建设小康社会取得重大进展的五年，是社会生产力和综合国力显著增强的五年，是社会事业全面发展和人民得到更多实惠的五年，是我国国际地位和影响不断提高的五年。

All these improvements fully demonstrate that during the past five-year period great strides were made in carrying out reform and opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this time the productive forces and overall national strength were significantly improved, social programs were comprehensively developed, people received even greater benefits and China's international standing and influence constantly grew.

五年来，我们树立和落实科学发展观，着力发展经济、深化改革开放、保障和改善民生，促进社会和谐，付出了巨大努力，做了大量工作。

During the past five years we established and put into practice the Scientific Outlook on Development, worked hard on economic development, deepened reform and opening up, ensured the wellbeing of the people, improved their lives, and promoted social harmony.We made great efforts and accomplished a great deal.

（一）加强和改善宏观调控，促进经济平稳快速发展

1.Improving macroeconomic regulation to promote steady and rapid economic development.

我们围绕解决经济运行中的突出矛盾，注重宏观调控的预见性、及时性和有效性。几年来，针对固定资产投资增长过快、货币信贷投放过多、外贸顺差过大，以及农业基础薄弱等经济发展中不稳定、不协调、不可持续的问题，严把土地、信贷两个闸门，提高市场准入门槛，适时调整财政政策、货币政策，完善产业政策和土地政策，调整经济结构，加强薄弱环节，搞好经济运行调节。

could cause economic development to become unstable, unbalanced and unsustainable.

根据经济形势的变化，多次及时调整金融机构存款准备金率、存贷款基准利率，取消或降低高耗能、高排放和资源性产品的出口退税。这些宏观调控措施取得明显成效，经济连续五年保持平稳快速发展，没有出现大的起落。

In response to changes in the economy, we have repeatedly made timely adjustments in the required reserve ratio and the benchmark interest rates for savings and loans in financial institutions and rescinded or reduced export tax rebates for resource products and products whose production is energy intensive or highly polluting.These macroeconomic regulatory measures produced significant results, and China's economy maintained steady and rapid development throughout the five-year period, without experiencing major fluctuations.我们从加强农业基础入手，把促进粮食增产和农民增收作为首要任务，在制度、政策和投入方面采取一系列重大举措。全部取消了农业税、牧业税和特产税，每年减轻农民负担1335亿元。同时，建立农业补贴制度，对农民实行粮食直补、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴和农业生产资料综合补贴，对产粮大县和财政困难县乡实行奖励补助。大幅度增加对农业农村投入，中央财政用于“三农”的支出五年累计1.6万亿元，其中用于农村基础设施建设近3000亿元，地方也较多增加了投入。

五年新增节水灌溉面积666.7万公顷、新增沼气用户1650万户、新建改建农村公路130万公里，解决了9748万农村人口饮水困难和饮水安全问题，建立了重大动物疫病防控体系，防止了高致病性禽流感等疫情蔓延。这些措施，极大地调动了农民积极性，有力地推动了社会主义新农村建设，农村发生了历史性变化，亿万农民由衷地感到高兴。农业的发展，为整个经济社会的稳定和发展发挥了重要作用。

During the five-year period, an additional 6.667 million hectares of farmland was equipped with water-saving irrigation facilities, methane gas was made available to 16.5 million more households, 1.3 million kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded, and safe drinking water was provided to an additional 97.48 million rural residents.A system for the prevention and control of major 4 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

animal diseases was set up, and the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza was prevented.These measures greatly encouraged farmers to grow more, gave a strong impetus to the development of a new socialist countryside and brought historic changes to rural China to the great satisfaction of hundreds of millions of rural people.Agricultural development played an important role in ensuring the overall stability and development of China's economy and society.

我们制定了国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，对2006－2020年的科技发展作出全面部署，启动一批重大专项。这对增强自主创新能力，推进创新型国家建设，有着重要而深远的影响。基础科学和前沿技术研究得到加强，取得高性能计算机、第三代移动通信、超级杂交水稻等一批重大创新成果，形成了一批具有自主知识产权和市场竞争力的产品。

五年中央财政用于科技的投入达到3406亿元。全社会研究与实验发展经费，从2002年1288亿元增加到2007年的3664亿元，占国内生产总值比重从1.07%提高到1.49%。以企业为主体的技术创新体系建设取得重要进展。科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展的能力明显增强。

The central government spent 340.6 billion yuan on science and technology over the past five years.China's total investment in research, experimentation and development rose from the 128.8 billion yuan of 2002 to 366.4 billion yuan in 2007, with its share in the GDP rising from 1.07% to 1.49%.Major progre was made in developing a system for technological innovation in which enterprises play a key role.The capacity of scientific and technological innovation to sustain and boost economic and social development was markedly increased.我们制定和实施一系列产业政策和专项规划，促进产业结构优化升级。信息、生物、航空航天、新能源、新材料、海洋等高新技术产业加快发展。振兴装备制造业成效显著。旅游、金融、物流等现代服务业蓬勃发展。基础设施基础产业建设取得长足进展，一批重大工程相继建成或顺利推进。

progre on a number of major projects.青藏铁路提前一年建成通车，三峡工程防洪、发电、航运等综合效益全面发挥，西电东送、西气东输全面投产，南水北调工程进展顺利，溪洛渡水电站、红沿河核电站、京沪高速铁路和千万吨级炼油厂、百万吨级乙烯等一批重大项目陆续开工建设，普光气田、南堡油田等勘查开发取得重大进展。五年新增电力装机3.5亿千瓦，是1950年到2002年53年的总和；新增公路19.2万公里，其中高速公路2.8万公里；新增铁路营运里程6100公里；建成万吨级以上泊位568个；新增电信用户4.94亿户。这些有效改善了能源交通通信状况，增强了经济社会发展后劲。

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened to traffic a year ahead of time; the Three Gorges Project is fully playing its designed role in flood prevention, power generation and shipping; the projects to send electricity and gas from China's western region to the eastern region are fully operational; the project to divert water from southern China to northern China is progreing smoothly; and construction has been started on a number of major projects such as the Xiluodu Hydroelectric Plant, Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, a ten million-ton capacity oil refinery and a million-ton capacity ethylene plant.Major progre has been made in the prospecting and development of the Puguang Gas Field and the Nanpu Oilfield.Newly added power-generating capacity over the five years totaled 350 million kW, equivalent to all the capacity added between 1950 and 2002.A total of 192,000 kilometers of highways were built, including 28,000 kilometers of expreways.A total of 6,100 kilometers of new railway lines went into operation.An additional 568 berths that can handle ships larger than 10,000 tons were completed.The number of telecommunications users was increased by 494 million.All of the above measures effectively improved the capacity of the energy, transportation and communications sectors and strengthened the basis for further economic and social development.

我们高度重视资源节约和环境保护。“十一五”规划纲要把节能和减排作为约束性目标。近两年，又提出并实施节能减排综合性工作方案，建立节能减排指标体系、监测体系、考核体系和目标责任制，颁布了应对气候变化国家方案。依法淘汰一大批落后生产能力，关停小火电2157万千瓦、小煤矿1.12万处，淘汰落后炼铁产能4659万吨、炼钢产能3747万吨、水泥产能8700万吨。启动十大重点节能工程。燃煤电厂脱硫工程取得突破性进展。中央政府投资支持重点流域水污染防治项目691个。继续推进天然林保护、京津风沙源治理等生态建设，五年累计退耕还林、植树造林3191万公顷，退牧还草3460万公顷。加强土地和水资源保护，五年整理复垦开发补充耕地152.6万公顷。经过各方面努力，节能减排取得积极进展，2007年单位国内生产总值能耗比上年下降3.27%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量近年来首次出现双下降，比上年分别下降3.14％和4.66％。节约资源和保护环境从认识到实践都发生了重要转变。

accountability for reaching the targets were put in place; and a state plan to addre climate change was promulgated.A large number of backward production facilities were shut down in accordance with the law.They include small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 21.57 million kW, 11,200 small coal mines, backward iron smelting facilities with a total capacity of 46.59 million tons, backward steel plants with a total capacity of 37.47 million tons and cement plants with a total capacity of 87 million tons.Ten major energy-saving projects were launched.Breakthroughs were made in carrying out desulfurizing projects for coal-fired power plants.The central government provided financial support for 691 projects to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys.Work continued on ecological conservation projects such as those to protect natural forests and control the factors causing sandstorms in Beijing and Tianjin.During the five-year period, the area of farmland retired for forestation and other lands planted with trees amounted to 31.91 million hectares, and grazing land returned to natural gralands totaled 34.6 million hectares.Protection of land and water resources was strengthened, with a total of 1.526 million hectares of farmland being upgraded, reclaimed or newly developed over the last five years.Thanks to the strong efforts of the whole country, encouraging progre was made in conserving energy and reducing emiions.In 2007 there was a 3.27% year-on-year drop in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and for the first time in recent years there was a reduction in both chemical oxygen demand and the total emiion of sulfur dioxide, with the former down 3.14% and the latter down 4.66% from the previous year.People became more aware of the importance of conserving resources and protecting the environment and made greater efforts in this area.我们实施区域发展总体战略。西部大开发继续推进，五年中央财政支持重点建设投资2800多亿元，基础设施和生态环境建设取得明显进展，重点地区和特色优势产业加快发展。制定和实施振兴东北地区等老工业基地战略，大型粮食基地建设不断加强，国有企业改革改组改造取得突破性进展，重大技术装备国产化成效显著，资源型城市经济转型试点进展顺利，老工业基地焕发出新的生机和活力。

制定和实施促进中部地区崛起政策措施，粮食主产区现代农业建设步伐加快，重要能源 7 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

原材料工业、装备制造业和综合交通运输体系进一步发展。东部地区继续率先发展，经济实力和整体素质显著提升。经济特区、上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区开发开放加快推进。这些重大举措，促进了区域经济合理布局和协调发展。

We formulated and implemented policies and measures to promote development in the central region and made accelerated progre in developing modern agriculture in major grain-producing areas.Major energy and raw material industries, the equipment manufacturing industry and the overall transportation system were further developed.The eastern region continued to lead in development, with significant gains in economic strength and overall improvement.The proce of developing and opening up the special economic zones, the Shanghai Pudong New Area and the Tianjin Binhai New Area was accelerated.These major measures promoted a better distribution and more balanced development of regional economies.

（二）大力推进改革开放，注重制度建设和创新

2.Working hard on reform and opening up, concentrating on institutional development and innovation.

全面深化农村改革。以乡镇机构、农村义务教育和县乡财政管理体制改革为主要内容的农村综合改革，取得阶段性重要成果。放开粮食收购市场，实现了粮食购销市场化。集体林权制度改革进行了成功探索。供销合作社、国有农场等改革进展顺利。

Rural reforms were deepened acro the board.Major progre was made in the current stage of the overall rural reform, mainly consisting of reform of town and township government bodies, reform of the rural compulsory education system and reform of the fiscal systems at the county and township levels.Government control of grain purchasing was lifted, and the purchase and sale of grain are now market based.Succeful trials were carried out in reforming the system of collective forest rights.Smooth progre was made in the reform of supply and marketing cooperatives and state-owned farms.坚持完善基本经济制度。巩固和发展公有制经济，推进国有资产管理体制改革和国有经济布局与结构调整，建立和完善国有资产出资人制度。加快国有企业股份制改革，一批具有国际竞争力的大公司大企业集团发展壮大。邮政体制改革顺利进行，电力、电信、民航、铁路等行业改革取得积极进展。

2006年，全国国有企业资产总额比2002年增长60.98%，实现利润增长2.23倍，税收增长1.05倍。国有经济活力、控制力和影响力明显增强。制定和实施一系列政策措施，进一步营造公平竞争的法制环境和市场环境，鼓励、支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发 8 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

展。非公有制经济在促进经济增长、扩大就业、增加税收和活跃市场等方面，发挥着越来越大的作用。

The total value of aets of Chinese SOEs in 2006 grew by 60.98% compared to 2002, their total profits increased by 223%, and their tax contributions grew by 105%.The vitality of the state sector and its impact and influence on the economy as a whole were greatly enhanced.We formulated and implemented a series of policies and measures to foster a legal framework and market environment conducive to fair competition, and encouraged, supported and guided the development of the nonpublic sector, which includes individual-proprietorship businees and private enterprises.As a result, the nonpublic sector of the economy is playing an increasingly bigger role in stimulating economic growth, creating jobs, increasing tax revenue, and invigorating the market.大力推进金融、财税体制改革。针对国有商业银行经营管理不善、金融风险加剧的状况，我们果断地推进了改革。中国工商银行、中国银行、中国建设银行和交通银行完成股份制改造并成功上市，资产质量和盈利能力明显提高，银行业发生了重大变化。坚定地进行上市公司股权分置改革，解决了这个长期困扰证券市场发展的制度性问题。重点国有保险企业重组改制上市，促进了保险业迅速发展。利率市场化改革迈出实质性步伐。实施人民币汇率形成机制改革，汇率弹性逐步增强。

We vigorously promoted reform of the banking, fiscal and taxation systems.We resolutely carried out reform addreing the poor performance and greater financial risks of state-owned commercial banks.The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the Bank of China, the China Construction Bank and the Bank of Communications were turned into stockholding companies and listed on stock markets.This brought about significant improvement in the quality of their aets and profitability as well as major changes in the banking industry.We resolutely carried out reform of the shareholder structure in listed companies and resolved this longstanding institutional problem that hindered the development of the securities market.Key state-owned insurance firms were reorganized and went public, promoting rapid development of the insurance industry.Substantive progre was made in making interest rates more market-based.We reformed the RMB exchange rate regime to gradually make the exchange rate more flexible.外汇管理体制改革全面推进。财税体制改革进一步深化，财政转移支付制度和公共财政制度逐步完善。2003年到2007年，中央财政对地方的转移支付累计4.25万亿元，87%用于支持中西部地区。在部分企业试行国有资本经营预算制度。启动和扩大增值税转型改革试点。统一内外资企业所得税制度。建立国家统一的职务与级别相结合的公务员工资制度，初步规范了津贴补贴制度。投资体制改革和价格改革取得新进展。

Comprehensive progre was made in reform of the system for managing foreign exchange.Reform of the fiscal and taxation systems was deepened, and the system of transfer payments and the system of public finance were steadily improved.The central government turned over 4.25 trillion yuan in transfer payments to local governments from 2003 to 2007, with 87% of it allocated to the central and western regions.A budget system for managing state capital was introduced in some enterprises on a trial basis.We launched and expanded trials to reform the value-added tax.The income tax systems for domestic and 9 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

overseas-funded enterprises were unified.A unified state civil servant salary system based on both position and rank was set up, and the system of subsidies and allowances was basically standardized.Further progre was made in reform of the investment system and pricing system.加强市场体系建设。生产要素市场化程度稳步提高。商品流通现代化步伐加快。土地和矿产资源市场秩序、产品质量和食品药品安全等专项整治取得明显成效，保护知识产权力度加大，严厉打击了制假售假、非法传销、商业欺诈、盗版侵权等违法犯罪活动。

Work to develop the market system was intensified.Market forces played an increasingly important role in trade in the factors of production.The modernization of commodity distribution was accelerated.Significant achievements were made in the effort to rectify order in the markets for land and mineral resources and improve the quality of products and the safety of food and drugs.Protection of intellectual property rights was strengthened, and we severely cracked down on violations of the law such as the production and sale of counterfeit goods, pyramid schemes, commercial fraud, piracy and infringement on others' rights.坚持扩大对外开放。我们认真履行加入世界贸易组织各项承诺，积极做好过渡期各项工作。深化涉外经济体制改革，促进贸易投资便利化。放开外贸经营权，大幅度降低关税，取消进口配额、许可证等非关税措施，金融、商业、电信等服务业开放不断扩大。进出口商品结构逐步优化。利用外资质量进一步提高。实施“走出去”战略迈出坚实步伐，对外经济互利合作取得明显成效。

We continued to open China wider to the outside world.We honored all the commitments we made when we entered the World Trade Organization and made all the required adjustments for the transition period.We deepened reform of the externally oriented economic system to facilitate trade and investment.We lifted controls over acce to foreign trade, greatly lowered tariffs, rescinded non-tariff measures such as import quotas and permits, and opened banking, commerce, telecommunications and other service sectors wider.There was gradual improvement in the mix of imports and exports.There was further improvement in the utilization of foreign capital.The "go global" strategy was resolutely implemented and significant results were obtained in mutually beneficial economic cooperation with other countries.

（三）全面加强社会建设，切实保障和改善民生

3.Strengthening all aspects of social development, ensuring the wellbeing of the people and improving their lives.我们坚持统筹经济社会发展，加快教育、卫生、文化、体育等社会事业发展和改革，积极解决涉及人民群众切身利益的问题。

We steadfastly carried out overall planning for economic and social development, accelerated the development and reform of social programs in education, health, culture and sports and worked hard to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.在教育方面。全国财政用于教育支出五年累计2.43万亿元，比前五年增长1.26倍。农村义务教育已全面纳入财政保障范围，对全国农村义务教育阶段学生全部免除学杂费、全部免费提供教科书，对家庭经济困难寄宿生提供生活补助，使1.5亿学生和780万名家庭 10 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

经济困难寄宿生受益。西部地区基本普及九年义务教育、基本扫除青壮年文盲攻坚计划如期完成。国家安排专项资金支持2.2万多所农村中小学改造危房、建设7000多所寄宿制学校，远程教育已覆盖36万所农村中小学，更多的农村学生享受到优质教育资源。

更加重视职业教育发展，2007年中、高等职业教育在校生分别达到2000万人和861万人。普通高等教育本科生和研究生规模达到1144万人。高校重点学科建设继续加强。建立健全普通本科高校、高等和中等职业学校国家奖学金助学金制度，中央财政此项支出从2006年20.5亿元增加到去年的98亿元，高校资助面超过20%，中等职业学校资助面超过90%，资助标准大幅度提高。2007年开始在教育部直属师范大学实施师范生免费教育试点。我们在实现教育公平上迈出了重大步伐。

Greater efforts were made to develop vocational education, with the student population reaching 20 million at secondary vocational schools and 8.61 million at vocational colleges in 2007.A total of 11.44 million students were enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs in regular institutions of higher learning.More effort was put into developing key disciplines in institutions of higher learning.A system of government scholarships and financial aid to students in regular undergraduate institutions, vocational colleges and secondary vocational schools was instituted and improved, and its funding from the central government budget was increased from 2.05 billion yuan in 2006 to 9.8 billion yuan in 2007.This enabled over 20% of the students in institutions of higher learning and more than 90% of the students in secondary vocational schools to benefit from financial aid and allowed schools to greatly raise the amount of aid offered.An experiment to provide free education to education students at normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education was launched in 2007.Major progre was made in providing equitable education opportunities for all.深入实施人才强国战略，大力培养、积极引进和合理使用各类人才，高层次、高技能人才队伍不断壮大。

The strategy of reinvigorating China through development of human resources was extensively applied.Great efforts were made to train Chinese personnel, bring in needed personnel from other countries and make wise use of skilled personnel of all types, thus strengthening the ranks of high-caliber, highly 11 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

skilled personnel in China.在卫生方面。全国财政用于医疗卫生支出五年累计6294亿元，比前五年增长1.27倍。重点加强公共卫生、医疗服务和医疗保障体系建设，覆盖城乡、功能比较齐全的疾病预防控制和应急医疗救治体系基本建成。国家规划免疫预防的疾病由7种扩大到15种，对艾滋病、结核病、血吸虫病等重大传染病患者实施免费救治。

Health.Total government expenditures on medical and health care in China over the five-year period reached 629.4 billion yuan, a 127% increase compared to the previous five-year period.The funding was mainly used to develop the public health service system, the medical service system and the medical security system, and basically complete the formation of the disease prevention and control system and emergency medical response system with a fairly comprehensive range of functions, covering both urban and rural areas.The number of diseases covered by the state plan for immunization and disease prevention was increased from 7 to 15, and AIDS, tuberculosis, schistosomiasis and other major communicable diseases are now treated free of charge.国家安排资金改造和新建1.88万所乡镇卫生院、786所县医院、285所县中医院和534所县妇幼保健院，为1.17万个乡镇卫生院配备了医疗设备，农村医疗卫生条件明显改善。全国建立了2.4万多个社区卫生服务机构，新型城市医疗卫生服务体系进一步健全。人口和计划生育事业取得新进展，低生育水平继续保持稳定。人民健康水平不断提高，婴儿死亡率和孕产妇死亡率明显下降，2005年人均期望寿命达到73岁，对于我们这样一个有13亿人口的发展中国家是了不起的成就。

The state allocated funds to renovate or build 18,800 town and township health clinics, 786 county hospitals, 285 county traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and 534 county health centers for women and children, and equip 11,700 town and township health clinics with medical equipment, significantly improving conditions for providing medical and health care services in the countryside.More than 24,000 community health clinics were set up in China, further improving the new system of medical and health care services in urban areas.Further progre was made in carrying out population and family planning programs, and the birthrate remained stable at a low level.People's health continued to improve, infant and maternal mortality rates dropped significantly, and average life expectancy reached 73 years in 2005.These are momentous achievements for China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion.在就业方面。坚持实施和完善积极的就业政策，从财税、金融等方面加大支持力度，中央财政安排就业补助资金五年累计666亿元。城乡公共就业服务体系建设进一步加强。

统筹做好就业再就业工作，全面加强职业技能培训，平均每年城镇新增就业1000多万人、农村劳动力转移就业800万人。基本解决国有企业下岗职工再就业问题，完成下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨。在劳动力总量增加较多、就业压力很大的情况下，保持了 12 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

就业形势的基本稳定。

Efforts were intensified to increase employment and reemployment in a well-planned way, and training in vocational skills was comprehensively strengthened.As a result, more than ten million urban people got jobs and eight million rural workers found work in nonagricultural sectors per year on average.The problem of finding other employment opportunities for workers laid off from SOEs was basically solved, and the work of incorporating basic cost of living allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system was completed.The employment situation remained basically stable despite a large increase in the total workforce and great preure on employment.在社会保障方面。全国财政用于社会保障支出五年累计1.95万亿元，比前五年增长1.41倍。城镇职工基本养老保险制度不断完善，2007年参保人数突破2亿人，比2002年增加5400多万人；做实基本养老保险个人账户试点扩大到11个省份；

Basic pensions for enterprise retirees were raised three years in a row beginning in 2005.A total of 329.5 billion yuan was allocated for old-age insurance programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies over the last five years.The number of urban workers participating in basic medical insurance reached 180 million in 2007, nearly twice the number in 2002.The trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents was launched in 88 cities.Continued improvement was made in the new system of rural cooperative medical care, which now covers 86% of all counties and 730 million rural residents in China.Funds to support the national social safety net totaled 414 billion yuan, an increase of 289.8 billion yuan over 2002.城乡社会救助体系基本建立。城市居民最低生活保障制度不断完善，保障标准和补助水平逐步提高。2007年在全国农村全面建立最低生活保障制度，3451.9万农村居民纳入保障范围。这是保障城乡困难群众基本生活的一项根本性制度建设。社会福利、优抚安置、慈善和残疾人事业取得新进展。抗灾救灾工作全面加强，中央财政五年支出551亿元，受灾群众生产生活得到妥善安排。

Establishment of the urban and rural emergency aid system was basically completed.The system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents was improved, with gradually rising standards and allowances.A system of basic cost of living allowances was established in all rural areas of China in 2007, covering 13 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

34.519 million rural residents.The systems provide a fundamental institution to aist poor people in urban and rural areas to meet basic living expenses.Further progre was made in developing social welfare, providing special aistance to entitled groups and developing charity programs and programs to help people with physical and mental disabilities.Efforts to combat disasters and provide disaster relief were greatly strengthened, with total expenditures from the central government budget reaching 55.1 billion yuan for the five-year period.This helped restore normal working and living conditions for disaster victims.在文化和体育方面。全国财政用于文化体育事业支出五年累计3104亿元，比前五年增长1.3倍。县乡两级公共文化服务体系初步形成，基本实现了县县有图书馆、文化馆。全国文化信息资源共享工程、广播电视村村通工程等基层文化设施建设扎实推进。哲学社会科学和新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术进一步繁荣。文物和非物质文化遗产保护得到加强。对外文化交流更加活跃。城乡公共体育设施建设加快，群众性体育蓬勃发展，体育健儿在国际大赛中取得优异成绩。

Culture and sports.Government expenditures for culture and sports programs totaled 310.4 billion yuan for the five-year period, a 130% increase over the previous five-year period.The basic elements of a public cultural services system at the county and township levels were put in place, and basically every county now has a library and cultural center.Substantive progre was made in setting up local cultural facilities such as the projects to set up a national shared databank of cultural information and resources and extend radio and television coverage to all villages.Philosophy, the social sciences, the pre and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art thrived.Protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage was strengthened.Cultural exchanges with other countries were intensified.Development of public sports facilities in urban and rural areas was accelerated, ma sports activities developed vigorously, and Chinese athletes did well in international competitions.在居民收入和消费方面。努力增加城乡居民特别是低收入居民收入。调高最低工资标准；基本解决拖欠农民工工资问题；四次提高重点优抚对象的抚恤补助标准，统筹解决退役军人实际困难。降低居民储蓄存款利息税率，提高个人所得税起征点。家庭财产普遍增多。居民消费结构升级加快，家用汽车大幅度增加，移动电话、计算机、互联网快速普及，旅游人数成倍增长。住房条件进一步改善，棚户区改造取得积极进展。城乡居民享有的公共服务明显增多。

Personal income and consumer spending Vigorous efforts were made to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents, especially low-income persons.The minimum wage was increased.The problem of arrears in the wages of rural migrant workers in urban areas was basically resolved.The standards for financial aid to key entitled groups were increased four times, and plans were implemented to resolve the practical problems of demobilized military personnel.The tax on interest earnings from individual savings deposits was lowered and the earnings threshold for the individual income tax was raised.There was a general increase in family aets.Upgrading of consumer spending proceeded at a faster pace, and there was a great increase in the number of family-owned cars and rapid spread in the use of cell phones, computers and Internet services.The 14 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

number of people going on vacations increased several fold.There was further improvement in housing conditions, encouraging progre was made in improving conditions in shantytowns, and much more public services were made available to urban and rural residents.在社会管理方面。着力维护人民群众合法权益，积极化解社会矛盾。制定并实施保障农民工合法权益的政策措施。努力解决土地征收征用、房屋拆迁、企业改制、环境保护等方面损害群众利益的问题。信访工作不断加强。高度重视安全生产工作，健全安全监管体制，落实安全生产责任制，加强安全生产法制建设。社会治安防控体系更加健全，综合治理工作进一步加强。依法打击各类犯罪活动，有效维护了国家安全和社会稳定。

Public administration。

Work in this area was concentrated on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people and resolving social tensions.We formulated and implemented policies and measures for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of rural migrant workers in urban areas.We devoted a great deal of effort to resolving infringements on the interests of the public related to land expropriation and requisition, housing demolition, enterprises converting to a stockholding system and environmental protection.Improvement was made in the handling of complaints made by individuals through letters and visits.We paid very close attention to improving workplace safety and the safety oversight system, instituted a responsibility system for workplace safety and improved related legislation.The public security system for crime prevention and control was further strengthened, and overall crime control work was intensified.We combated criminal activities in accordance with the law, effectively protected China's security and maintained law and order.在经济快速发展和财力明显增加的情况下，用很大力量解决了一些长期遗留的历史问题。剥离和处置国有商业银行不良资产，置换农村信用社不良贷款和历年亏损挂账，化解国有企业历史债务，逐步解决国有粮食企业政策性亏损挂账，还清出口退税欠款，完善大中型水库征地补偿和移民后期扶持政策等。这些问题的解决对于经济社会发展起到了重要作用。

Taking advantage of the rapid development of the economy and significant improvement of public finance, we worked hard to resolve some longstanding problems.We sold off nonperforming aets of state-owned commercial banks, made alternate arrangements for nonperforming loans and long-term non-paying accounts of rural credit cooperatives, eased the long-term debts of SOEs, gradually eased policy-related loes of state-owned grain enterprises, cleared up overdue tax rebates for exports, and improved the policy for paying compensation for requisition of land for large and medium-sized reservoirs and aisting people displaced by reservoir projects.Resolution of these problems played an important role in promoting economic and social development.五年来，我们在民主法制建设、国防和军队建设、港澳台工作和外交等方面，也取得了重要进展。

We made major progre over the past five years in enhancing democracy and the legal system, building national defense and the military, doing our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and conducting diplomacy.稳步推进社会主义民主法制建设。各级政府自觉接受同级人民代表大会及其常委会的监督，主动接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取民主党派、工商联、无党派人士、人民团体意 15 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

见，通过多种形式征求专家学者和人民群众的建议，接受新闻媒体和社会各界的监督。实行重大事项决策公示和听证制度。加强城乡基层自治组织建设，基层民主管理制度进一步健全。五年国务院共向全国人大常委会提交39件法律议案，制定、修订137件行政法规。探索建立公众有序参与政府立法的机制和制度，有15部法律草案和行政法规草案向社会公开征求意见。全面清理了现行行政法规和规章。贯彻民族区域自治法，推进民族团结进步事业。全面落实宗教信仰自由政策，宗教事务管理走向法制化、规范化。全面落实侨务政策，依法保护海外侨胞和归侨侨眷的合法权益。

We made steady progre in improving socialist democracy and the socialist legal system.Governments at all levels conscientiously accepted the oversight of the people's congre and its standing committee at the corresponding level; voluntarily accepted the democratic oversight by CPPCC committees; carefully listened to the views of the democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, persons without party affiliation and people's organizations; solicited suggestions of experts, scholars and the general public in a variety of forms; and accepted the oversight of the media and all sectors of society.Governments at all levels made public announcements and held public hearings before making major decisions.We stepped up efforts to develop autonomy in urban community and village administrative bodies and further improved the democratic system at the local level.During the past five years the State Council submitted 39 bills to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congre and formulated or revised 137 administrative regulations.We explored ways to set up mechanisms and systems for orderly public participation in government legislation and published 15 draft laws and drafts of administrative regulations to solicit comments from the public.We carried out a thorough review of current administrative rules and regulations.We adhered to the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and carried forward the programs to promote unity and progre among ethnic groups.The policy on freedom of religious belief was comprehensively implemented, and the administration of religious affairs was put on a more solid legal footing and further standardized.We comprehensively implemented the policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and protected the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese nationals and their relatives.全面加强军队现代化建设。积极推进中国特色军事变革。调整改革军队体制编制和政策制度，裁减军队员额20万任务顺利完成。国防和军队建设取得历史性成就。人民解放军和人民武装警察部队为维护国家主权、安全、领土完整和促进社会和谐稳定作出了重大贡献。

We stepped up all efforts to modernize the military.We vigorously preed ahead with the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.We adjusted and reformed the military's structure and staffing and its related policies and systems and smoothly cut its size by 200,000 personnel.We made historic achievements in strengthening national defense and the military.The People's Liberation Army and the People's Armed Police Force made major contributions to safeguarding China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and to promoting social harmony and stability.坚持“一国两制”方针，严格按照香港特别行政区基本法和澳门特别行政区基本法办 16 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

事。实施内地与香港、澳门更紧密经贸关系安排。香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定。

We adhered to the principle of "one country, two systems" and acted in strict accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region.We implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and the regions of Hong Kong and Macao.Both regions remained thriving and stable.坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂活动，捍卫国家主权与领土完整，维护台海和平。实施一系列有利于人员往来和经济科技教育文化体育交流的措施，促进了两岸关系和平稳定发展。

We resolutely opposed and foiled seceionist activities aimed at Taiwan independence, thereby protecting China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and safeguarding peace in the Taiwan Straits.We carried out a number of measures to make it easier for people to visit between the two sides and for economic, scientific, educational, cultural and sports exchanges to take place in order to promote the peaceful and steady development of cro-Straits relations.积极开展对外交往与合作，全方位外交取得重大进展，坚定地维护和发展了国家利益。我国同主要大国加强了对话，增进了信任，扩大了合作。中美关系稳定发展，中俄战略协作伙伴关系提高到新水平，中欧全面合作日益深化，中日关系得到改善，同周边国家睦邻友好关系进一步加强，区域合作取得新成果，同发展中国家的团结合作开创了新局面。成功举办一系列重大多边外交活动。妥善应对国际上各种新挑战，积极负责地参与解决全球性问题，在解决国际和地区热点问题上发挥着重要的建设性作用。

We actively promoted exchange and cooperation with other countries, made major progre in conducting diplomacy on all fronts, and resolutely safeguarded and developed China's interests.China stepped up dialogue with the major countries and increased trust and expanded cooperation with them.China-U.S.relations developed steadily, the China-Ruia partnership of strategic coordination reached a new height, China-Europe cooperation in all areas went from strength to strength, and China-Japan relations improved.Good-neighborly relations with surrounding countries were further strengthened, further achievements were made in regional cooperation, and China's solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries entered a new stage.We succefully carried out a series of major multilateral diplomatic activities.We appropriately responded to new challenges in the international arena, actively and responsibly participated in efforts to resolve global iues, and played an important and constructive role in the resolution of iues concerning international and regional hotspots.五年来，我们始终重视政府自身改革和建设。本届政府把实行科学民主决策、推进依法行政、加强行政监督作为政府工作的三项基本准则。制定全面推进依法行政实施纲要，推动政府职能转变和管理创新，强化社会管理和公共服务。认真贯彻实施行政许可法，推进行政审批制度改革，国务院各部门取消和调整行政审批项目692项。推进政务公开，完善新闻发布制度，加强电子政务建设。全国应急管理体系基本建立。监察、审计等专门监督工作卓有成效。公务员教育培训和管理法制化建设进一步加强。坚持不懈地开展反腐败斗争和加强政风建设，治理商业贿赂工作取得良好成效，依法查处违法违规案件和失职渎职行为，惩处腐败分子。

We paid close attention to self-reform and self-improvement of the 17 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

government during the five-year period.This government took scientific and democratic policy-making, law-based administration and better administrative oversight as the three basic principles for its work.We formulated the Program for Advancing All Aspects of Government Administration in Accordance with the Law and promoted change in the way the government functions and innovations in management, thereby improving public administration and public services.We diligently carried out the Administrative Permit Law and promoted reform of the system of administrative examination and approval.As a result, departments of the State Council eliminated or streamlined a total of 692 items requiring examination and approval.We promoted greater openne in government affairs, improved the system for releasing information, and increased the application of e-government.Establishment of a national emergency response management system was basically completed.Oversight work such as supervision and auditing was quite effective.Further improvement was made in education and training of civil servants and in developing a legislative framework for civil-service administration.We worked unceasingly to combat corruption and improve the conduct of the government, made good progre in combating bribery in busine, uncovered a number of violations of laws and regulations and cases of neglect and dereliction of duty, and punished corrupt persons.过去五年，我们在丰富实践中积累了许多宝贵经验，主要体会是：

We learned many valuable leons in our experiences over the last five years.The main ones are as follows. 第一，必须坚持解放思想。解放思想、实事求是是我们党的思想路线。只有坚持一切从实际出发，破除迷信，敢于冲破不合时宜的观念束缚，尊重群众首创精神，大胆探索、实践和创造，与时俱进，才能使社会主义现代化事业充满生机和活力。

First, we must continue to liberate our thinking.Liberating our thinking and following a realistic and pragmatic approach is the Party's ideological line.We must proceed from reality in everything we do, eliminate superstition, break the shackles of outdated ideas, respect the people's pioneering spirit, boldly explore new ways, take concrete action, be creative, and keep up with the times to ensure that the cause of socialist modernization retains its great vitality.第二，必须坚持落实科学发展观。科学发展观是发展中国特色社会主义的重大战略思想，是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针。我们要坚持把发展作为第一要务，着力转变经济发展方式，调整经济结构，提高经济增长质量和效益；坚持以人为本，注重统筹兼顾，推动全面协调可持续发展。只有深入贯彻落实科学发展观，才能实现经济社会又好又快发展，促进社会和谐。

Second, we must steadfastly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.This is a major strategic concept for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development.We must continue to take development as the top priority, concentrate on changing the way the economy develops, and adjust the economic structure to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth.We must always put people first, attach great importance to overall planning, and promote comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.Only by thoroughly 18 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

applying the Scientific Outlook on Development can we achieve sound and rapid economic and social development and promote social harmony.第三，必须坚持改革开放。改革开放是决定当代中国命运重大而关键的抉择。我们要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革、政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主政治，完善社会主义市场经济体制，解放和发展生产力，促进社会公平正义，实现人的全面发展。开放也是改革，开放兼容才能强国。改革开放贯穿于社会主义现代化建设的整个过程，任何时候都不能动摇。

Third, we must adhere to the reform and opening up policy.Reform and opening up is a major and crucial choice that is shaping the destiny of contemporary China.We need to unswervingly promote reform in economic and political institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist market economy, liberate and develop the productive forces, promote social fairne and justice, and achieve all-round personal development.Opening up is also a kind of reform, and a nation cannot become strong if it is not open and inclusive.We must continue to pursue reform and opening up throughout the course of socialist modernization and never deviate from this policy.第四，必须坚持搞好宏观调控。宏观调控与市场机制都是社会主义市场经济体制的组成部分。我们要更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，增强企业活力和竞争力。同时，要加强和改善宏观调控，坚持主要运用经济手段、法律手段，发挥各种政策的组合效应；坚持区别对待、有保有压，不搞一刀切，不搞急刹车；坚持不断总结经验，及时调整政策，注重实际效果。只有把市场机制和宏观调控有机结合起来，才能保证整个经济充满活力、富有效率、持续健康协调发展。

Fourth, we must continue to exercise effective macroeconomic regulation.Both macroeconomic regulation and market forces are components of the socialist market economy.We need to make better use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, revitalize enterprises and improve their competitive edge.At the same time, we need to improve macroeconomic regulation, continue to carry out macroeconomic regulation mainly through economic and legal means, and get the complete range of government policies to fully play their role.We must continue to deal with each situation on its own merits, encourage growth in some sectors and discourage it in others as the situation requires, and refrain from taking a uniform approach to different situations or putting on the brakes without good reason.We must continue to draw leons from our experiences, make policy adjustments as needed and be result-oriented.We must integrate the use of market forces with macroeconomic regulation in order to ensure that the economy remains vigorous, performs well, and develops in a sustainable, healthy and balanced way.第五，必须坚持执政为民。政府的一切权力都是人民赋予的，执政为民是各级政府的崇高使命。我们要牢记全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益，作为政府工作的出发点和落脚点。更加注重保障和改善民生，特别要关心和解决城乡低收入群众的生活困难，使全体人民共享改革发展成果。只有坚持一切属于人民，一切为了人民，一切依靠人民，一切归功于人民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。

Fifth, we must continue to run the government for the people.All the power of the government comes from the people, and running the government for 19 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

them is a lofty miion of governments at all levels.We must never forget that serving the people wholeheartedly is our purpose, and make sure that the aim and outcome of the work of the government is to fulfill, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people.We need to attach greater importance to ensuring the well-being of the people and improving their lives, in particular showing concern for urban and rural residents with low incomes and helping them make ends meet in their daily lives, in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.We must always keep in mind that everything belongs to the people, do everything for their benefit, rely on them in everything we do and attribute all our succees to their efforts.Only by doing so can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw from them the strength for ensuring succe in all our endeavors.第六，必须坚持依法行政。遵守宪法和法律是政府一切工作的根本原则。我们要严格按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责，加强政府立法，规范行政执法，完善行政监督，建设法治政府，不断提高依法行政能力。只有全面推行依法行政，努力做到有权必有责、用权受监督、侵权要赔偿、违法要追究，让权力在阳光下运行，才能保证人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋利益。

Sixth, we must continue to run the government in accordance with the law.Abiding by the Constitution and laws is a fundamental principle for all the work of the government.We need to exercise our power and perform our functions and responsibilities within the jurisdiction stipulated by law and in accordance with legal procedures, improve government legislative work, standardize administrative law enforcement, improve administrative oversight, develop law-based government and enhance our ability to carry out administrative functions in accordance with the law.We must ensure that government administration fully complies with the law, that power comes with responsibility, that there is proper oversight on the exercise of power, that reparation is paid for infringement of rights, that any violation of the law is prosecuted, and that power is exercised in a transparent manner.This is the only way to ensure that the power entrusted to us by the people is always exercised in their interests.我们也清醒地认识到，经济社会发展和政府工作中还存在不少问题，国内外形势发展变化使我们面临诸多新的挑战和风险。

We are also clearly aware that there are still many problems affecting China's economic and social development and the work of the government, and that changes in the domestic and international environment present many new challenges and risks.——经济运行中一些突出问题和深层次矛盾依然存在。近年来固定资产投资增长过快，货币信贷投放过多，国际收支不平衡。长期形成的结构性矛盾和增长方式粗放问题仍然突出。投资与消费关系不协调，投资率持续偏高；一二三产业发展不协调，工业特别是重工业比重偏大，服务业比重偏低；自主创新能力不强，经济增长的资源环境代价过大。

More work needs to be done to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.The current price hikes and increasing inflationary preures are the biggest concern of the people.Last year's consumer price index (CPI) rose by 4.8% year-on-year, mainly due to large increases in the cost of food and housing.There are a variety of factors behind the price increases.Though the domestic prices of farm products have remained low for many years and some of the recent price increases were therefore overdue and somewhat reasonable, price increases neverthele have a great impact on people's lives, especially on the lives of the low-income sector of the population.The prices of primary commodities on the international market have risen considerably in recent years, which directly puts upward preure on domestic prices.

由于推动价格上涨的因素还将存在，今年价格上涨的压力仍然较大。同时，生产资料价格不断上升，房地产等资产价格上涨过快，防止通货膨胀的任务相当艰巨。劳动就业、社会保障、教育、医疗卫生、收入分配、住房、产品质量安全、安全生产、社会治安等方面，还有不少问题需要认真加以解决。

Because factors driving prices up are still at work, upward preure on prices will remain great this year.In addition, prices of the means of production have continued to rise and real estate prices have risen steeply, making the task of holding down inflation difficult.There are still quite a few problems in employment, the social safety net, education, medical and health care, income distribution, housing, product quality and safety, workplace safety and public security, and we need to work harder to resolve them.——国际经济环境变化不确定因素和潜在风险增加。随着经济全球化深入发展，我国经 21 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

济与世界经济联系越来越密切。当前全球经济失衡加剧、增速放缓，国际竞争更加激烈；美国次级抵押贷款危机影响蔓延，美元持续贬值，国际金融市场风险增大；国际市场粮食价格上涨，石油等初级产品价格高位运行；贸易保护主义加剧，贸易摩擦增多。

The government's self-improvement efforts and administration need to be strengthened.We are keenly aware that the work and accomplishments of the government still fall somewhat short of what circumstances require and the people expect.The functions of government have not been completely transformed, and public administration and public services are still weak.Some government departments have overlapping responsibilities, their powers and responsibilities are not well matched, some try to shirk their responsibilities, and their performance is poor.Some government employees have an inadequate sense of responsibility toward the public and are not competent enough.Oversight mechanisms and checks on government authority are not strong enough.The problems of formalism and bureaucratic behavior are fairly common, and fraud, extravagance and waste, and corruption are quite serious.我们一定要始终保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识，以对国家、对人民高度负责的使命感和紧迫感，更加兢兢业业、扎扎实实地做好政府各项工作。

We must remain clear-headed at all times, be more mindful of potential danger, be highly responsible to the country and the people, maintain a high sense of miion and urgency, work even more industriously, and succefully carry out all of the government's work.各位代表！

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Fellow Deputies, 过去五年的成就和进步，来之不易。这是在改革开放多年来奠定的基础上取得的，是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央驾驭全局、正确领导的结果，是全国各族人民奋发进取、共同努力的结果，也是与广大海外侨胞、国际友人的支持和帮助分不开的。

The achievements of the past five years have not come easily.They were built on a foundation laid through many years of reform and opening up, and are attributable to the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, which has effectively managed the overall situation.Credit also goes to the hard work and concerted effort of the people of all the ethnic groups in China, and to the support and aistance of overseas Chinese nationals and foreign friends.在战胜种种严重困难和挑战、完成各项重大任务中，充分表现了中国人民不畏艰险、一往无前的决心、勇气和意志。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞，以及广大侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！向世界各国政府、国际组织和国际友人对中国现代化事业的理解和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！

Displaying indomitable determination, courage and will, the Chinese people have overcome untold difficulties and challenges and accomplished major tasks.On behalf of the State Council, I would like to sincerely thank the people of all the ethnic groups, the democratic parties, the people's organizations and people from all sectors of society.I would like to expre my sincere thanks to our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese nationals.I would like to thank governments of other countries, international organizations and foreign friends of China around the world for their understanding of and support for China's modernization.

二、2008年主要任务

II.Major Tasks for 2008

今年是全面贯彻党的十七大精神的第一年，改革发展任务繁重而艰巨，做好政府工作意义重大。

This is the first year for comprehensively implementing the guiding principles set out at the Seventeenth CPC National Congre.We face arduous tasks in reform and development, and it is very important for us to succefully carry out the work of the government.政府工作的基本思路和主要任务是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，更加重视加强和改善宏观调控，更加重视推进改革开放和自主创新，更加重视调整经济结构和提高发展质量，更加重视节约资源和保护环境，更加重视改善民生和促进社会和谐，推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设，加快全面建设小康社会进程。

The basic guidelines and major tasks for the government's work are as follows: we must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide; fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development; attach greater importance to improving macroeconomic regulation, promoting reform, opening up and independent innovation, adjusting the economic structure and improving 23 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

the quality of development, conserving resources and protecting the environment, and improving people's lives and promoting social harmony; promote socialist economic, political, cultural and social development; and accelerate the proce of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.今年国民经济和社会发展的预期目标是：在优化结构、提高效益、降低消耗、保护环境的基础上，国内生产总值增长8%左右；居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4.8%左右；城镇新增就业1000万人，城镇登记失业率控制在4.5%左右；国际收支状况有所改善。

We have set the following targets for economic and social development in 2008: on the basis of improving the economic structure, productivity, energy efficiency and environmental protection, the GDP should grow by about 8%, and the rise in the CPI should be held at around 4.8%.Ten million jobs should be created in urban areas, and the rate of registered urban unemployment should be kept at around 4.5%.Some improvement should be made in the balance of payments.这里要着重说明，提出国内生产总值增长8%左右，主要是综合考虑了国内和国际多种因素，着眼于保持经济平稳较快发展，引导各方面把主要精力和工作重点放在转变发展方式、深化改革、加快社会建设上，防止片面追求和盲目攀比经济增长速度，实现经济社会又好又快发展。

提出居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4.8%左右，主要是由于去年价格上涨对今年价格的翘尾影响较大，推动价格上涨的因素较多，控制物价上涨的难度加大；同时，又要考虑到居民、企业和社会各方面承受能力，努力避免物价涨幅过大。

The major considerations in setting the target for keeping the CPI this year at around 4.8% are as follows: last year's price increases are still exerting a fairly strong influence and quite a few factors are creating inflationary preure, making it difficult to bring price increases under control.At the same time, we have to take into consideration the ability of individuals, enterprises and all sectors of society to tolerate price increases and try our best to avoid sharp price increases.

实现经济社会发展的目标和任务，需要把握以下原则：

To attain the targets and accomplish the tasks for this year's economic and social development, we must adhere to the following principles: 坚持稳中求进，促进经济平稳较快发展；坚持好字优先，加快转变经济发展方式；坚持改革开放，注重推进制度建设和创新；

we must make progre while maintaining stability and aim for fast yet steady economic development.We must give priority to the quality rather than speed of development and accelerate improvement in the pattern of economic development.We must pursue reform and opening up and attach great importance to 24 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

promoting institutional improvements and innovations.坚持以人为本，加快以改善民生为重点的社会建设。今年经济工作，要把防止经济增长由偏快转为过热、防止价格由结构性上涨演变为明显通货膨胀作为宏观调控的首要任务；鉴于当前国内外经济形势发展的不确定因素较多，要密切跟踪分析新情况新问题，审时度势，从实际出发，及时灵活地采取相应对策，正确把握宏观调控的节奏、重点和力度，保持经济平稳较快发展，避免出现大的起落。

We must put people first and accelerate social development, with the focus on improving people's lives.The primary task for macroeconomic regulation this year is to prevent fast economic growth from becoming overheated growth and keep structural price increases from turning into significant inflation.There are quite a few uncertainties in the current economic situation at home and abroad, so we need to keep close track of new developments and problems, properly size up situations and take prompt and flexible measures to respond to them while keeping our feet firmly rooted in reality.We need to maintain the appropriate pace, focus and intensity of macroeconomic regulation to sustain steady and fast economic development and avoid drastic fluctuations in the economy. 今年要着重抓好以下九个方面工作：

We need to concentrate on the following nine tasks this year:

（一）搞好宏观调控，保持经济平稳较快发展

1.Improving macroeconomic regulation to maintain fast yet steady economic development.

根据国内外经济形势和宏观调控任务的要求，今年要实行稳健的财政政策和从紧的货币政策。

In view of the current domestic and international economic situation we need to follow a prudent fiscal policy and a tight monetary policy this year to accomplish the tasks for macroeconomic regulation.

继续实行稳健的财政政策，就是要保持财政政策的连续性和稳定性，充分发挥财政促进结构调整和协调发展的重要作用，增加对薄弱环节、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出；同时，进一步减少财政赤字和长期建设国债。

The deficit for the central government budget this year is set at 180 billion yuan, 65 billion yuan le than last year.We plan to iue 30 billion yuan of treasury bonds for investment, 20 billion yuan le than last year, and increase allocations from the central government budget for general development, bringing total central government investment in development projects up to 152.1 billion yuan. 25 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

继续调整财政支出和政府投资结构，较大幅度地增加“三农”、社会保障、医疗卫生、教育、文化、节能减排和廉租住房建设等方面支出。要抓好增收节支，依法加强税收征管，规范非税收入管理，控制一般性支出。改革政府投资管理方式，提高投资使用效益。

We will continue to adjust the structure of government spending and investment by greatly increasing spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the social safety net, medical and health care, education, culture, energy conservation and emiions reduction, and construction of low-rent housing.We will work hard to increase revenue and reduce expenditures, tighten tax collection and management in accordance with the law, improve management of non-tax revenue, and control regular expenditures.We need to reform the management of government investment to improve the performance of investments.合理安排财政超收收入。去年全国财政比年度预算超收7239亿元，其中中央财政超收4168亿元。超预算收入使用的原则是：集中财力办关系民生和制度性建设方面的事，调整结构，加强薄弱环节。

Government revenue surplus must be used wisely.Total government revenue exceeded the targeted figure by more than 723.9 billion yuan last year, including 416.8 billion yuan in the central government budget.Surplus revenue should be concentrated on solving problems that have a direct bearing on people's lives, making institutional and structural improvements and strengthening weak links.依法增加地方两税返还和一般性转移支付的支出；增加农林水、教育、文化和科技方面支出；增加社会保障、医疗卫生、司法保障和廉租住房建设支出；增加节能减排和环境保护支出；解决农村义务教育债务和国有粮食企业财务挂账等历史遗留问题支出。同时，削减财政赤字450亿元；拟增加中央预算稳定调节基金1032亿元。

Spending on the following items will be increased in accordance with the law: rebates on the consumption tax and value-added tax and general transfer payments to local governments; agriculture, forestry, water conservancy projects, education, culture, science, the social safety net, medical and health care, legal aid, construction of low-rent housing, energy conservation, emiions reduction and environmental protection; and resolution of debts for rural compulsory education, debts of state-owned grain enterprises and other long-overdue payments.In addition, the budget deficit should be reduced by 45 billion yuan and the central budget stability and regulation fund should be increased by 103.2 billion yuan.实行从紧的货币政策，主要是考虑当前固定资产投资反弹压力较大，货币信贷投放仍然偏多，流动性过剩矛盾尚未缓解，价格上涨压力明显，需要加强金融调控，控制货币供应量和信贷过快增长。

The decision to follow a tight monetary policy was based on the following considerations: the strong poibility of a resurgence in fixed aet investment, continued exceive supplies of money and credit, the still-unsolved problem of exce liquidity, and considerable inflationary preure.For these reasons, we must improve financial regulation to control the exceively rapid growth in the supplies of money and credit.一要综合运用公开市场操作、存款准备金率等方式，加大对冲流动性力度；合理发挥利率杠杆调节作用；完善人民币汇率形成机制，增强汇率弹性。

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First, we will step up efforts to curb exce liquidity by using a combination of open market operations and the required deposit reserve ratio.We will make appropriate use of the lever of interest rates.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime to make the exchange rate more flexible.二要着力优化信贷结构，严格执行贷款条件，有保有压。控制中长期贷款增长，特别是对高耗能、高排放企业和产能过剩行业的贷款；创新和改进银行信贷服务，完善担保、贴息等制度，加大对“三农”、服务业、中小企业、自主创新、节能环保、区域协调发展等方面的贷款支持。

Second, with the focus on improving the credit structure, we will strictly follow requirements for granting loans and guarantee some loans while restricting others.We will limit the increase in long- and medium-term loans, particularly to enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting and enterprises in industries with exce production capacity.We will make innovations and improvements in bank credit services, improve the systems of guarantees and interest discounts, and increase credit support for agriculture, rural areas, farmers, service industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, independent innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection, and balancing regional development.三要深化外汇管理体制改革。完善结售汇制度，加强跨境资本流动监管，稳步推进资本项目可兑换。拓展外汇储备使用渠道和方式。同时，采取综合措施，努力改善国际收支状况。

Third, we will deepen reform of the foreign exchange administration system.We will improve the system for foreign exchange settlements and sales and payments in foreign exchange, tighten oversight on the flow of capital acro borders, and move steadily toward making the RMB convertible for capital accounts.We will develop new channels and means for using foreign exchange reserves.Comprehensive measures will be adopted to improve the balance of payments.防止价格总水平过快上涨，是今年宏观调控的重大任务。必须从增加有效供给和抑制不合理需求两方面采取有力措施。

One major task for macroeconomic regulation this year is to prevent the overall price level from rising rapidly.To fulfill this task, we must take powerful measures to increase effective supply while curbing exceive demand.一要大力发展生产，特别要加强粮食、食用植物油、肉类等基本生活必需品和其他紧缺商品生产，认真落实支持发展生产的政策措施，搞好产运销衔接。

First, we must expand production, especially the production of the basic neceities of life such as grain, vegetable oil and meat as well as other commodities in short supply.We must also earnestly implement policies and measures designed to support production and ensure coordination in the production, transport and sale of products.二要严格控制工业用粮和粮食出口。坚决制止玉米深加工能力盲目扩张，违规在建项目必须停建。

Second, we must strictly control industrial use of grain and grain exports.The reckle expansion of the capacity for intensive corn proceing and construction work on such projects that violate regulations must be stopped. 27 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

三要加快健全储备体系，改进和完善储备调节和进出口调节方式，适当增加国内紧缺重要消费品进口。

Third, we need to speed up improvement of the reserve system, improve methods for adjusting reserves and import and export volumes, and appropriately increase imports of major consumer goods that are in short supply on the domestic market.四要把握好政府调价的时机和力度，必须调整的资源性产品价格和公共服务收费也要从严控制，防止出现轮番涨价。

Fourth, we need to ensure that the timing and the size of government adjustments to prices are appropriate, and neceary adjustment of prices of resource products and public services should also be strictly controlled to prevent waves of price increases.五要健全大宗农产品、初级产品供求和价格变动的监测预警制度，做好市场供应和价格应急预案。

Fifth, we need to improve the early-warning system to monitor supply and demand and price changes of principal agricultural products and primary products, and put in place a plan for responding to drastic changes in market supply and demand and prices.六要加强市场和价格监管，抓好教育收费、医药价格、农资价格及涉农收费的监督检查。依法打击串通涨价、囤积居奇、哄抬物价等违法违规行为。

Sixth, we must strengthen market and price oversight and pay close attention to the oversight and inspection of prices and charges related to education, medical care, drugs, agricultural supplies, agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Illegal activities such as colluding or hoarding to drive up prices will be punished in accordance with the law.七要及时完善和落实对低收入群众的补助办法，特别要增加对生活困难群众和家庭经济困难学生的补贴，确保他们基本生活水平不因物价上涨而下降。

Seventh, we need to promptly improve and implement measures to aid the low-income sector of the population.In particular, we need to increase subsidies to poor people and students from poor families to ensure that their basic living standards do not drop because of price increases.八要遏制生产资料尤其是农业生产资料价格过快上涨。

Eighth, we must work to make sure that the prices of the means of production, particularly agricultural supplies, do not rise rapidly.九要坚持实行“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制。物价问题与人民生活密切相关，各级政府一定要把稳定市场物价放在更加重要的位置。

Ninth, we will continue to implement the system of provincial governors auming responsibility for the "rice bag" (grain supply) program and city mayors for the "vegetable basket" (non-staple food supply) program.Governments at all levels must give high priority to keeping prices stable because price stability has a direct bearing on the quality of people's lives.现在，国家粮食库存充裕，主要工业消费品供大于求，只要切实加强领导，认真落实各项政策措施，上下共同努力，就一定能够保证市场供应和价格基本稳定。

The country currently has an adequate stock of grain, and the supply of major 28 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

manufactured consumer goods exceeds demand.We can ensure adequate supply in the market and basic price stability as long as governments at all levels work to improve their leadership, diligently implement all policies and measures, and mount a concerted effort from the highest to the lowest level.近期发生的严重低温雨雪冰冻灾害，给经济造成重大损失，给群众生活带来很大困难。要继续做好灾后重建工作，把灾害损失减少到最低程度。要以电网恢复重建为重点抓紧修复基础设施，尽快恢复农业生产，加强煤电油运协调工作，妥善安排受灾地区群众生活。同时，要从这次特大自然灾害中，认真总结经验教训。加强电力、交通、通信等基础设施建设，提高抗灾和保障能力；加强应急体系和机制建设，提高预防和处置突发事件能力；加强对现代条件下自然灾害特点和规律的研究，提高防灾减灾能力。

The recent disaster resulting from snow and ice storms caused significant loes to China's economy and made life very difficult for disaster victims.We will continue the work of repairing the damage and minimizing loes from the disaster.Affected infrastructure will be promptly repaired, with the focus on restoring power grids.Agricultural production will be resumed as soon as poible.We will closely coordinate supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation to help disaster victims get back on their feet.In addition, we will learn from this large-scale natural disaster.We must accelerate development of infrastructure, including electricity, transportation and communications, to improve its capacity to resist disasters and maintain normal operations.We must improve the systems and mechanisms for responding to disasters to increase our ability to prevent and handle emergencies.We must step up research to better understand the features and patterns of natural disasters under modern conditions and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate them.(二）加强农业基础建设，促进农业发展和农民增收.2.Strengthening agriculture as the foundation of the economy, promoting development of agriculture and increasing farmer incomes.

今年，要千方百计争取农业有个好收成，努力增加农民收入，推进社会主义新农村建设。突出抓好三件事：

We will do everything poible to ensure a good harvest this year and work to increase farmer incomes and build a new socialist countryside.We will concentrate on the following three areas: 一是大力发展粮食生产，保障农产品供给。粮食安全，关系经济社会发展全局，关系人民群众切身利益，丝毫不能放松粮食生产。要切实稳定粮食种植面积，提高单产水平。加大对粮食主产区和种粮农民的扶持力度，实施粮食战略工程，加快建立粮食核心产区，全面提高粮食综合生产能力和供给保障能力。农业生产既要增加总量，又要优化品种结构，促进各类重要农产品稳定增长。认真落实支持生猪、奶业、油料发展的政策措施。积极发展畜牧水产业，扶持和促进规模化健康养殖。推进农业标准化生产，提高农产品的质量安全水平。

for major grain-producing areas and grain farmers, carry out the grain strategy project and speed up efforts to establish core grain-producing areas to enhance the overall grain production capacity and become more able to ensure adequate supplies.While working to increase agricultural output, we also need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown and promote a constant increase in the production of important agricultural products.We will conscientiously implement policies and measures to boost pig production, dairy farming and oilseed production.We will energetically develop animal husbandry and aquaculture and support and promote their large-scale development as well as healthy farming practices.We will promote standardization of agricultural production to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.二是加强农业基础设施建设，加快完成大种型和重点小型病险水库除险加固任务。搞好小型农田水利建设，大力发展节水灌溉。加大土地开发整理复垦力度，搞好中低产田改造，提高耕地质量，建设一批高标准农田。加强农村饮水、道路、电网、通信、文化等基础设施建设，大力发展农村公共交通，改善农村人居环境。今年要再解决3200万农村人口的安全饮水问题，增加500万农村沼气用户支持建设一批大中型沼气项目。

Second, we will intensify development of the agricultural infrastructure.We will speed up efforts to reinforce large and medium-sized reservoirs and dilapidated key small reservoirs.We will improve irrigated areas, build small water conservancy facilities and work hard to develop water-efficient irrigation.We will increase efforts to develop, improve and reclaim land, upgrade low- and medium-yield farmland, improve the productivity of farmland and develop farm plots that meet high standards.We will step up rural infrastructure development in drinking water supplies, roads, power grids, telecommunications and cultural facilities, vigorously develop rural public transportation systems and improve the rural living environment.We will provide safe drinking water for another 32 million rural residents and support the building of a number of large and medium-sized methane facilities to serve an additional five million rural families.三是拓宽农民增收渠道。加快发展高产优质高效生态安全农业，支持农业产业化经营和龙头企业发展，加强农村现代市场流通体系建设，壮大和提升农村二三产业，发展乡镇企业，增强县域经济实力。加强农村职业教育和技能培训，提高农民转移就业能力，发展劳务经济。加大扶贫开发力度，继续减少贫困人口.

Third, we will develop more channels to increase rural incomes.We will accelerate the development of high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, eco-friendly and safe agriculture and support the development of industrialized agricultural operations and pacesetting enterprises.We will increase efforts to build a modern marketing and retail distribution network for rural areas, strengthen and upgrade rural secondary and tertiary industries, develop township and village enterprises and strengthen county economies.We will step up vocational education and technical training in rural areas to make it easier for rural residents to find nonagricultural employment, and develop the labor economy.We will intensify poverty alleviation efforts through development and continue to reduce the number of poor people.

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主要措施是：

The major measures we are going to take are as follows: 一要大力增加投入。今年财政支农投入的增量要明显高于上年，国家固定资产投资用于农村的增强要明显高于上年，政府土地出让收入用于农村建设的增量要明显高于上年。调整耕地占用税的使用方向，改革城市建设维护税使用办法，增加农村建设。今年中央财政安排“三农”支出5625亿元，比上年增加1307亿元.First, we will greatly increase funding.This year's increases in budgetary support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, state fixed aet investment in the countryside and the proportion of government land transfer income used for rural development will all be considerably higher than last year's increases.We will adjust the way tax revenues from the use of farmland for nonagricultural purposes are used and reform methods for using urban construction and maintenance tax receipts to increase funding for rural development.Allocations from this year's central government budget related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers total 562.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 130.7 billion yuan.二要强化和完善农业支持政策。增加粮食直补，农资综合直补。扩大良种补贴规模和范围增加农机具购置补贴种类，提高补贴标准，从今年起农机具购置补贴覆盖到所有农业县。根据情况提高粮食最低收购价. Second, we will strengthen agricultural support policies.We will increase direct subsidies for grain producers and general direct subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies.We will expand both the size and scope of subsidies for using superior seed varieties.We will subsidize the purchase of more kinds of agricultural machinery and tools and raise such subsidies.Starting this year, eligibility for these subsidies will be expanded to all agricultural counties.We will raise the minimum grain purchase prices based on actual conditions.三要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度特别是加强基本农田保护。按土地利用总体规划从严审查调查各类规划的用地规模和标准，严格执行土地用途管理制度，依法严格管理农村集体和个人建设用地，坚决制止违法违规占用耕地和林地的行为.Third, we will adhere to the strictest poible system for protecting farmland, and in particular we will increase protection of basic farmland.We will carefully examine and adjust the amounts and standards for land use in all types of plans in accordance with the master plan for land use, strictly follow the system for controlling land use, rigorously manage rural land used for collective and private construction projects in accordance with the law, and resolutely put a stop to illegal appropriation of arable land and forested areas.四要完善农业科技推广和服务体系。加强农业科技创新和成果转化，强化以公益性为主的多元化农业技术推广服务。加快推进农业机械化。加强良种、信息、农产品质量安全和防灾减灾体系建设，搞好动物疫病和植物病虫害防控。加大测土配方施肥规模.Fourth, we will improve the system for spreading agricultural science and technology and providing agricultural technical services.We will work harder to make innovations in agricultural science and technology and apply advances in agricultural science and technology, and improve the diverse array of mainly nonprofit agricultural technical services.We will accelerate agricultural mechanization.We will improve the systems for superior seed varieties, 31 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

information, and the quality and safety of agricultural products, and for preventing and mitigating disasters, and do a good job preventing and controlling animal epidemics, plant diseases and insect pests.We will expand trial soil testing to determine appropriate fertilizer formulas.五要全面推进农村改革。加快农村综合改革步伐。采取多种有效措施，积极稳妥地化解乡村债务及中央和地方将增加财政投入，用三年左右时间基本化解农村义务教育历史债务。坚持农村基本经营制度，稳定和完善土地承保关系，按照依法自愿有偿原则，健全土地承包经营权流转市场，有条件的地方可以发展多种形式的适度规模经营。大力发展农民专业合作组织。全面推进集体林权制度改革.Fifth, we will carry out rural reform in all areas.We will accelerate overall rural reform.We will adopt effective measures to actively yet prudently reduce the debts of townships and villages.The central and local governments will increase budgetary funding to basically clear up overdue debts for rural compulsory education in about three years.We will adhere to the basic system for rural operations and stabilize and improve land contract relationships.We will improve the market for the compensated, voluntary transfer of land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and allow diverse forms of farming operations to develop to an appropriate scale where conditions permit.We will work hard to develop specialized farmer cooperatives.We will carry out comprehensive reform of the system of collective forest rights.

(三）推进经济结构调整，转变发展方式.3.Promoting economic adjustment and changing the pattern of development.坚持扩大内需方针，调整投资和消费关系，促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变。关键是合理控制固定资产投资规模，着力优化投资结构。坚持严把土地、信贷闸门和市场准入标准，特别是要加强和规范新开工心目管理，严格执行项目新开工条件。

坚决控制高耗能、高排放和产能过剩行业盲目投资和重复建设，提高限制发展行业的准入标准和项目资本金比例。违法违规建设项目要坚决停建。加大对经济社会发展薄弱环节、重点领域和中西部地区的支持力度。从严控制新增建设用地特别是工业用地，今年土地利用计划总规模控制在去年水平。要适应新形势、新情况，加强和改进对社会各类投资活动的引导、调控和监管.Haphazard investment and unneeded development projects in energy 32 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

intensive and highly polluting industries and industries with exce production capacity will be resolutely stopped, and market acce will be tightened and capital requirements will be increased for industries whose development is discouraged.Work on illegal projects will be resolutely stopped.We will increase support for weak links and key areas in economic and social development and give more support to the central and western regions.We must tighten control over the amount of land used for development projects, especially for industrial purposes, and hold the total amount of land used this year to last year's level.We must respond to new conditions and situations by improving guidance, regulation and oversight for all types of investment activities in the country.坚持把推进自主创新作为转变发展方式的中心环节。要认真落实国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，全面启动和组织实施大型飞机、水体污染控制与治理、大型油气田及煤层气开发等国家重大专项。实施基础研究、高技术研究和科技支撑计划。着力突破新能源汽车、高速轨道交通、工农业节水等一批重大关键技术。

We will promote development of the national innovation system, focusing on building a number of national laboratories, national engineering centers, and platforms to support enterprise innovation and enterprise technology centers to strengthen China's science and technology infrastructure.We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology and coordinate and improve resource distribution.The central government will spend 113.4 billion yuan on science and technology in 2008, a year-on-year increase of 13.4 billion yuan.We will improve and implement the policy to support independent innovation, get enterprises to fully play their role as the main parties responsible for technological innovation, and encourage and guide them to increase investment in R&D.We will integrate the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes and develop innovative enterprises.Government procurement of products produced through independent innovation will be increased.Trials in the use of venture capital will be expanded.We will implement the intellectual property rights strategy.We will expand scientific and technological cooperation with other countries

推进国家创新体系建设，重点建设一批国家实验室、国家工程中心、面向企业的创新支撑平台和企业技术中心，加强科技基础能力建设。深化科技管理体制改革，统筹和优化科技资源配置。今年中央财政将安排科技支出1134亿元，比上年增加134亿元。完善和落实支持自主创新的政策，充分发挥企业作为技术创新主体的作用，鼓励、引导企业增加研发投入。加大政府采购对自主创新产品的支持力度。扩大创业风险和投资试点范围。实施知识产权战略，加强国际科技合作.We will continue to promote independent innovation as the central link in efforts to change the pattern of development.We need to diligently implement the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development and fully launch and implement key national projects, including those to develop large aircraft, control pollution in bodies of water, and develop large-scale oil and gas fields and coal seam gas operations.We will carry out plans for basic research, high-tech research, and research to provide scientific 33 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

and technological support for development.We will work to make major breakthroughs in key technologies for producing vehicles powered by new energy sources, developing high-speed railway transport and saving water in industries..推进产业结构优化升级。坚持走中国特色新型工业化道路，推进信息化与工业化融合。着力发展高新技术产业，大力振兴装备制造业，改造和提升传统产业，加快发展服务业特别是现代服务业。继续实施新型显示器、宽带通信与网络、生物医药等一批重大高技术产业专项。

充分发挥国家高新技术开发区的集聚、引领和辐射作用。围绕大型清洁高效发电设备、高档数控机床和基础制造装备等关键领域，推进重大装备、关键零部件及元器件自主研发和国产化。加强地质工作，提高资源勘查开发水平。积极发展现代能源原材料产业和综合运输体系.We will get national new and high technology development zones to fully play their role in pooling resources, guiding development and boosting development in surrounding areas.We will promote domestic R&D and production of important equipment and key spare parts and components, with the focus on key areas such as large clean and highly efficient power generating units, high-grade digital machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment.We will give higher priority to geological work to improve prospecting for and exploitation of natural resources.We will strongly develop the modern energy and raw materials industries and better integrate the transportation system.促进区域协调发展。深入推进西部大开发，建工建设一批重点工程，支持重点地区优化开发。继续搞好天然林保护、防沙治沙、石漠化治理落实退耕还林后续政策。组织实施东北地区振兴规划，支持先进装备制造业发展和资源枯竭型地区经济转型。编制和实施促进中西部崛起计划，落实并完善相关政策。鼓励东部地步率先发展，着力提升国际竞争力。进一步加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展的扶持力度。制定并实施主体功能区规划和政策.We will promote balanced development among regions.We will extensively promote the large-scale development of the western region, and launch a number of key projects and support the development of key areas on a priority basis.We will continue to protect natural forests, prevent and control desertification, and reverse and prevent the development of stony deserts, and will implement a follow-up policy to consolidate progre made in converting retired farmland to forests.We will implement the plan to reinvigorate northeast China, and support the development of advanced equipment manufacturing and modern agriculture and the economic transformation of areas depending on resources that are now exhausted.We will formulate and implement a plan to boost development of the 34 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

central region and implement and improve relevant policies.We will encourage the eastern region to lead the country in development and improve its international competitivene.We will give more support to old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas to help them develop.We will adopt and implement a plan and policy for development priority zones.

(四）加大节能减排和环境保护力度，做好产品质量安全工作.4.Increasing efforts to conserve energy, reduce emiions and protect the environment, and ensuring product quality and safety.

今年是完成“十一五”节能减排约束性目标的关键一年，务必增强紧迫感，加大攻坚力度，力求取得更大成效。

This year is crucial for meeting the obligatory targets for energy conservation and emiions reduction set forth in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, and we must increase our sense of urgency and intensify efforts to make greater progre.一是落实电力、钢铁、水泥、煤炭、造纸等行业淘汰落后生产能力计划。建立淘汰落后产能退出机制，完善和落实关闭企业的配套政策措施。同时，按照规划加强这些行业先进生产能力的建设.First, we will implement the plan to close down backward production facilities in the electricity, steel, cement, coal and papermaking industries.We will also put in place a mechanism for closing down these facilities and improve and implement support policies and measures for shutting down enterprises.In addition, we will step up efforts to develop advanced production facilities in these industries in accordance with the plan.二是抓好重点企业节能和重点工程建设。加快十大重点节能工程实施进度。提高城镇污水处理能力，力争用两年的时间在36个大城市率先实现污水的全部收集和处理。适当提高排污费、污水处理费和垃圾处理费标准。完善和严格执行建筑标准，大力推进墙体材料革新和建筑节能。稳步推进城镇供热体制和市政公用事业改革.Second, we will focus on energy conservation in key enterprises and construction of key projects.We need to accelerate work on the ten major energy conservation projects.We will increase the urban sewage treatment capacity and strive to reach the goal of 100% collection and treatment of sewage in 36 large cities within two years.Charges for discharging wastewater and for sewage treatment and garbage disposal will be appropriately raised.Building standards will be upgraded and strictly enforced to encourage the development of better wall materials and construction of energy-efficient buildings.We will make steady progre in reforming the urban heating system and public utilities.三是开放和推广节约、替代、循环利用资源和治理污染的先进技术，实施节能减排重大技术和示范工程。大力发展节能服务产业和环保业。开发风能、太阳能等清洁、可再生能源.Third, we will develop and apply advanced and appropriate technologies to save, replace and reuse resources and control pollution, and carry out projects to develop and demonstrate major energy conservation and emiions reduction technologies.We will energetically develop the energy conservation service industry and the environmental protection industry.We will develop clean and 35 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar energy.四是做好“三河三湖”、南水北调税源及沿线、三峡库区和松花江等重点流域污染防治工作，实施渤海环境保护总体规划。提高重点流域水污染无的国家排放标准.Fourth, we will prevent and control pollution in key river valleys and regions, including the Huai, Hai, Liao and Songhua rivers, Tai, Chao and Dianchi lakes, the sources and routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and the Three Gorges Reservoir area.We will implement the master plan for protecting the environment of the Bohai Sea.National standards will have stricter limits for discharge of pollutants in key river valleys.五是加强农村饮用水水源地保护，推进农村生活污染治理，严格控制农村地区工业污染，加强畜禽、水产养殖污染治理，控制农业面源污染.Fifth, we will intensify protection of rural drinking water sources, and work to control sewage and garbage pollution and industrial pollution in rural areas.We will also strengthen control of pollution from livestock and poultry farming and aquaculture as well as agricultural nonpoint source pollution.六是鼓励和支持发展循环经济，促进再生资源回收利用。全面推行清洁生产.Sixth, we will encourage and support the development of a circular economy and promote recycling and reuse of renewable resources.We will also promote cleaner production in all industries.七是加强土地、水、草原、森林、矿产等资源的保护和节约集约利用，严厉查处乱采滥挖矿产资源等违法违规行为。搞好海洋资源保护和合理利用，发展海洋经济。加强气象、地震、测绘基础研究和能力建设. Seventh, we will strengthen efforts to protect, conserve and intensively use natural resources, including land, water, gralands, forests and minerals, and take stern measures to combat illegal mining of mineral resources.We will effectively protect marine resources, use them wisely, and develop the marine economy.We will intensify China's basic research efforts in meteorology, earthquake science, and surveying and mapping to strengthen these areas.八是实施应对气候变化国家方案，加强应对气候变化能力建设. Eighth, we will implement the national plan to respond to climate change to strengthen China's ability to respond to climate change.九是完善能源资源节约和环境保护奖惩机制。执行节能减排统计监测制度，健全审计、监察体系、加强执法力度，强化节能减排工作责任制.Ninth, we will improve the mechanism for rewarding those who conserve energy and resources and protect the environment and punishing those who waste energy and resources and harm the environment.We will also employ statistical and monitoring systems for conserving energy and reducing emiions, and improve the auditing and supervision systems, increase law enforcement efforts, and tighten the accountability system for energy conservation and emiions reduction.十是增强全社会生态文明观念，动员全体人民更加积极投身于资源节约型、环境友好型、社会建设。节约资源和环境保护要一代一代人持之以恒地进行下去，让我们的祖国山更绿，水更清，天更蓝. 36 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

Tenth, we will enhance public awarene of the importance of a culture of conservation and encourage the entire nation to participate in building a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.Resource conservation and environmental protection must continue from generation to generation to make our mountains greener, waters cleaner and skies bluer.加强产品质量安全工作。

We will intensify efforts to ensure product quality and safety.一是加快产品质量安全标准制定和修订。今年要完成7700多项食品、药品和其他消费品安全国家标准的制定修改工作，健全食品、药品和其他消费品安全标准体系；食品、消费品安全性能要求及其检测方法标准，都要采用国际标准。出口产品除符合国家标准外，还要符合进口国标准和技术法规的要求。

First, we will accelerate efforts to formulate or update national standards for product quality and safety.This year, we will complete the formulation or updating of more than 7,700 national standards for the safety of food products, drugs and other consumer goods to put in place a sound system of standards for product safety.All requirements and testing methods for the safety and quality of food and other consumer goods will comply with international standards.China's exports will meet both international standards and the laws and regulations on technical standards of the importing countries.二是完善产品质量安全法制保障。加快制定修订涉及产品质量安全的法规，完善行政执法与刑事司法紧密衔接的机制，加强对违法违规企业的惩处力度。

Second, we will improve legal guarantees for product quality and safety.We need to promptly enact or revise laws and regulations pertaining to product quality and safety, and improve the mechanism for effectively coordinating administrative law enforcement and criminal justice to increase punishment for enterprises that violate such laws and regulations.

三是健全产品质量安全监管体系。严格执行生产许可、强制认证、注册备案制度，严把市场准入关。提高涉及人身健康和安全产品的生产许可条件和市场准入门槛。加强食品、药品等重点监管工作，严把进出口商量质量关。认真落实产品质量安全责任制。我们一定要让人民群众吃得放心、用得安心，让出口产品享有良好信誉.

Third, we will improve the oversight and control systems for product quality and safety.We will follow to the letter the regulations for iuing production permits and mandatory certificates and for registration and record keeping to strictly control market acce.We will raise the requirements for production permits and tighten market acce for products related to people's health and safety.We need to strengthen quality and safety oversight for eential products such as food and drugs, and strictly control the quality of exports and imports.We will diligently follow the accountability system for product quality and safety.It is imperative that the people feel confident about the safety of food and other consumer goods and that our exports have a good reputation.

(五）深化经济体制改革，提高对外开放水平.5.Deepening economic reform and opening wider to the outside world.

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今年是改革开放30周年，改革开放使中国发生了历史性的巨大变化。我们仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，进一步解放和发展生产力，进一步促进社会公平正义，实现全面建设小康社会和国家现代化的宏伟目标，必须继续坚定不移地推进改革开放。今年着重抓好以下几个方面: It has been 30 years since China introduced the reform and opening up policy, which has brought about great historic changes to the country.However, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come.To further promote unfettered development of the productive forces, promote greater social fairne and justice, and attain the magnificent goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and modernizing China, we must continue to unswervingly implement the reform and opening up policy.We will concentrate on the following areas this year.推进国有企业改革，完善所有制结构。继续推动国有资本调整和国有企业重组。深化国有企业公司制股份制改革。完善公司法人治理结构。做好政策性关闭破产和主辅分离、辅业改制工作。扩大国有资本经营预算制度试点。深化垄断行业改革，引入竞争机制，加强政府监管和社会监督。

We need to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies and for transferring ownership of state-owned aets to prevent their erosion.We will protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers.We will advance the reform of collectively owned enterprises and develop diverse forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will conscientiously implement the policies for encouraging, supporting and guiding the development of individual-proprietorship businees and private companies in the nonpublic sector of the economy.In particular, we will help them solve problems related to market acce and financial support.严格规范国有企业改制和国有产权转让，防止国有资产流失，保障职工合法权益。推进集体企业改革，发展多种形式的集体经济、合作经济。认真落实鼓励、支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发展的各项政策，尤其要解决市场准入和融资支持等方面的问题.We will advance the reform of SOEs and improve their ownership structure.We will continue to adjust state-owned aets and reorganize SOEs.We need to deepen the reform to convert SOEs into stockholding corporations.We will improve corporate governance, carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies, separate SOEs' secondary businees from their core businees, and convert the former into independent companies.We will expand the experiment of setting up a budget system for managing state capital.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition and strengthening government regulation and public oversight of them.

深化财税体制改革，加快公共财政体系建设。改革预算制度，强化预算管理和监督。完善财政转移支付制度，提高一般性转移支付规模和比例。积极推进省以下财政体制改革。全面实施新的企业所得税法。改革资源税费制度，完善资源的有偿使用制度和生态环境的补偿机制。继续推进增值税转型改革试点，研究制定在全国范围内实施方案. We will deepen reform of the fiscal and taxation systems and accelerate improvement in the public finance system.We will reform the budget system and tighten budgetary management and oversight.We need to improve and 38 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

standardize the system of transfer payments, raise the volume and proportion of general transfer payments and increase spending on public services.We will energetically push ahead with the reform of fiscal systems at and below the provincial level.The new Law on Corporate Income Tax will be comprehensively enforced.We will reform the system of resource taxes and fees, and improve the compensation systems for use of resources and for damage caused to the ecosystem.We will carry forward the trial VAT reform and formulate a plan to carry out the reform nationwide.加快金融体制改革，加强金融监管。继续深化银行业改革，重点推进中国农业银行股份制改革和国家开发银行改革。建立存款保险制度。加快农村金融改革，强化中国农业银行、中国农业发展银行和中国邮政储蓄银行为“三农”服务的功能，继续深化农村信用社改革，积极推进新型的农村金融机构发展。

优化资本市场结构，促进股票市场稳定健康发展，着力提高上市公司质量，维护公开公平公正的市场秩序，建立创业板市场，加快发展债券市场，稳步发展期货市场深化保险业改革，积极扩大农业保险的范围，做好政策性农业保险试点工作。依法严厉查处各种金融违法违规行为。切实防范和化解金融风险，维护金融稳定和安全.We will improve the structure of the capital market, promote steady and sound development of the stock markets, strive to improve the performance of listed companies, and maintain an open, fair and equitable market environment.We will establish a market for growth enterprises, accelerate development of the bond market and steadily develop the futures market.We will deepen reform of the insurance industry, vigorously extend the scope of agricultural insurance, and succefully carry out trials of policy-supported agricultural insurance.We will take stern measures to combat violations of financial laws and regulations and guard against and defuse financial risks to maintain financial stability and security.拓展对外开放广度和深度，提高开放型经济水平。在保持出口平稳增长的同时，加快转变外贸发展方式，优化出口结构，鼓励自主知识产权和自主品牌的产品出口，提高出口产品质量、档次和附加值。扩大服务出口，发展服务外包。积极扩大进口，重点增加先进技术装备、重要原材料和关键零部件及元器件的进口。

We will expand the breadth and depth of China's openne and make its economy more open.We will accelerate change in the pattern of foreign trade growth, improve the mix of exports, encourage the export of products with Chinese intellectual property rights and trademarks, and raise the quality, grade and added value of exports while maintaining steady export growth.We need to 39 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

increase export of services and encourage foreign businees to outsource services to China.We will energetically increase imports, with the focus on advanced technology and equipment, important raw materials, and key spare parts and components.

优化利用外资产业结构和地区布局，稳步推进服务业的对外开放。限制和禁止高耗能、高排放和部分资源性外资项目，切实纠正招商引资中违法违规的做法。创新对外投资和合作的方式，完善和落实支持企业“走出去”的政策措施。加强多双边和区域经济合作。继续推进自由贸易区的，认真实施已签署的协定。维护公平的国际贸易秩序.We will improve the mix of industries using foreign investment and their geographic distribution, and steadily make service industries more open.We will limit or ban foreign investment in projects that are energy intensive or highly polluting, limit or ban foreign investment in some areas of resource exploitation, and correct illegal practices for attracting foreign investment.We will make innovations in the way we make investments and engage in cooperation overseas, and improve and implement policies and measures to support Chinese enterprises wishing to "go global." We will strengthen bilateral, multilateral and regional economic cooperation.We will continue to promote talks on free trade zones and honor the treaties we have signed.We are committed to an equitable international trade order.在推进改革开放中，要加快现代市场的体系建设，大力发展现代流通，深入整顿和规范市场秩序，推进社会信用制度建设。

（六）更加注重社会建设，着力保障和改善民生.6.Paying closer attention to social development to ensure the wellbeing of the people and improve their lives.

坚持优先发展教育。

We will continue to give priority to developing education.一是在全国城乡普遍实行免费义务教育。继续增加农村义务教育公用经费，提高保障水平。适当提高农村家庭经济困难寄宿生生活补助费的补助标准。认真落实保障经济困难家庭、进城务工人员子女平等接受义务教育的措施。在试点的基础上，从今年秋季起全面免除城市义务教育学杂费，这是推动义务教育均衡发展、促进教育公平的又一重大举措。

First, we will make free compulsory education universally available in both urban and rural areas.We will continue increasing regular expenditures for rural compulsory education and raise the level of budgetary allocations.We will appropriately increase living allowances for poor rural students residing on campus.We will take steps to ensure that children from poor families and children of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy the same acce to compulsory education as others.After running trials in selected areas, we will completely stop collecting tuition and miscellaneous fees from all urban students receiving compulsory education starting this fall.This is another major measure for 40 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

promoting balanced development of compulsory education and equal acce to education.二是大力发展职业教育。加强职业教育基础能力建设，深化职业教育管理、办学、投入等体制改革，培养高素质技能型人才。

Second, we must vigorously develop vocational education.We will strengthen the basic conditions for vocational education and deepen reform of the systems for administering, running and investing in vocational education programs in order to turn out high-quality skilled personnel.三是提高高等教育质量。优化学科专业结构，推进高水平大学和重点学科建设。普通高校招生增量继续向中西部地区倾斜.Third, we must raise the quality of higher education.We will improve the structure of academic disciplines and develop high-quality universities and key disciplines.Regular institutions of higher learning will continue to favor students in the central and western regions in expanding their enrollments.

办好各级各类教育，必须抓好三项工作：

To succefully provide education of various kinds and at different levels, we must focus on the following three tasks.一要全面实施素质教育，推进教育改革创新。深化教学内容和方式、考试和招生制度、质量评价制度等改革。切实减轻中小学生的课业负担。

One, we must ensure that all students receive a well-rounded education, and promote educational reforms and innovations.We will deepen the reform of curricula, methods of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality, and lighten the study load of primary and secondary school students.二要加强教师队伍特别是农村教师队伍建设，完善和落实教师工资、津补贴制度。 Two, we must improve the quality of teachers, especially in rural areas, and improve and implement the system of wages, allowances and subsidies for teachers.三要加大教育事业投入。今年中央财政用于教育的投入，将由去年的1076亿元增加到1562亿元；地方财政也都要增加投入。进一步规范教育收费。鼓励和规范民办教育发展。没有全民教育的普及和提高，便没有国家现代化的未来。要让孩子们上好学，办好人民满意的教育，提高全民族的素质.Three, we must increase investment in education.This year, central government allocation for education will increase from last year's total of 107.6 billion yuan to 156.2 billion yuan, and local governments will also increase their spending.We will further standardize the collection of education-related fees.We will standardize nonpublic education programs and encourage their development.China cannot modernize if education is not made universally available and if its quality is not improved.We must ensure that our children receive a good education, provide education that satisfies the needs of the people and improve the overall quality of the population.推进卫生事业改革和发展。重点抓好四件事：

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We will promote the reform and development of health care.Efforts will be focused on four areas: 一是加快推进覆盖城乡居民的医疗保障制度建设。扩大城镇职工基本医疗保险覆盖面；城镇居民基本医疗保险试点要扩大到全国50%以上的城市；在全国农村全面推行新型农村合作医疗制度，用两年时间将筹资标准由每人每年50元提高到100元，其中中央和地方财政对参合农民补助标准由40元提高到80元。健全城乡医疗救助制度。

First, we will accelerate the establishment of a system to ensure acce to medical care for both urban and rural residents.We will expand the number of urban workers covered by basic medical insurance, and extend the trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents to over 50% of China's cities.We will fully implement the new type of rural cooperative medical care system in all rural areas.Within two years, we will raise the standard for financing from 50 yuan to 100 yuan per person per year, with central and local government contributions to be raised from 40 yuan to 80 yuan per person.We will improve the urban and rural aistance program for medical care.

二是完善公共卫生服务体系。抓好重大疾病防治，落实扩大国家传染病免疫规划范围的政策措施，加大对艾滋病、结核病、血吸虫病等疾病患者的免费治疗力度。加强地方病、职业病、精神病防治。做好妇幼保健工作。在中西部地区农村实行住院分娩补助政策。健全公共卫生服务经费保障机制。

Second, we will improve the public health service system.We will prevent and treat major diseases, implement policies and measures to increase the number of diseases covered in the state plan for immunization against communicable diseases, and provide free treatment for more people suffering from diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis and schistosomiasis.We need to work harder to prevent and treat endemic, occupational and mental diseases.We must do a good job in work related to the health of women and children.We will implement a policy of granting allowances to rural women in the central and western regions giving birth in hospitals.We will improve the mechanism for ensuring adequate funding for public health services.三是推进城乡医疗服务体系建设。重点健全农村三级卫生服务网络和城市社区医疗卫生服务体系。加大全科医护人员和乡村医生培养的力度，鼓励高素质人才到基层服务。开展公立医院改革试点。制定和实施扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展的措施。

Third, we will continue development of the medical service systems for urban and rural areas.We will focus on improving the county, township, village three-tier rural health service network and the urban community-based medical and health service system.We will train more general practitioners, nurses and rural doctors and encourage high-caliber health workers to work in village and community clinics.Trial reform of public hospitals will be carried out.Measures will be formulated and implemented to support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.四是建立国家基本药物制度和药品供应保障体系，保证群众基本用药和用药安全，农村药品价格上涨。今年中央财政将安排823亿元，比上年增加165亿元，支持卫生事业改革和发展，重点向农村和基层倾斜. 42 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

Fourth, we will set up a national system for basic drugs and a system for ensuring drug supply to ensure the quality and adequate supply of basic drugs and hold down prices.This year the central government will allocate 83.2 billion yuan to support the reform and development of health care, an increase of 16.7 billion yuan over last year, with the focus of spending on facilities at the urban community and village level.

去年以来，国务院组织力量研究深化医药卫生体制改革问题，已经制定一个初步方案，将向社会公开征求意见。改革的基本目标是：坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质，建立基本医疗卫生制度，为群众提供安全、有效、方便、价廉的基本医疗卫生服务。我们要坚定地推进这项改革，让人人享有基本医疗卫生服务 .Last year the State Council commiioned a study of the iue of how to deepen reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care.A preliminary plan has been produced and will soon be publicized to solicit opinions from the general public.The basic goal of the reform is to maintain the public service nature of public medical and health care services and set up a basic medical and health care system to provide people with basic medical and health care services that are safe, effective, convenient and affordable.We must resolutely carry out this reform to provide everyone with acce to basic medical and health services and improve their health.加强人口和计划生育工作。稳定现行生育政策和低生育水平，提高出生人口素质，综合治理出生人口性别比偏高问题。全面实施计划生育家庭特别扶助制度，扩大实施农村计划生育家庭奖励制度和少生快富工程范围，提高奖励扶助标准。加强流动人口计划生育服务管理.We will improve work related to population and family planning.We will adhere to the current policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low, improve the health of newborns and adopt a full range of measures to addre the gender imbalance in babies.We will fully implement the special aistance system for families that comply with family planning regulations, extend the coverage of the reward system for rural families that comply with the regulations, implement the "lower birthrate equals faster prosperity" project in more areas, and raise the level of rewards and aistance.We will improve services for the floating population and tighten supervision of them to ensure that they comply with the family planning policy.重视发展老龄事业，切实保障妇女和未成年人权益，关心和支持残疾人事业.We will attach great importance to programs for the elderly, effectively protect the rights and interests of women and minors, and show concern for people with physical and mental disabilities and support programs benefiting them.努力扩大就业。认真贯彻执行就业促进法和劳动合同法。坚持实施积极的就业政策，落实以创业带动就业的方针，加强就业和创业培训，鼓励自谋职业和自主创业，支持创办小型企业。加快建设城乡统一规范的人力资源市场，完善公共就业服务体系，促进形成城乡劳动者平等就业制度。

encouraging busine startups, strengthen job training and training in how to start a busine, encourage people to find jobs on their own or start their own businees, and support the establishment of small enterprises.We will speed up development of a human resources market with uniform standards for both urban and rural areas, improve the public employment service system, and promote the creation of an employment system that treats urban and rural workers equally.

加强高校毕业生就业指导和服务。深化退役军人安置制度改革。完善就业援助制度，落实促进残疾人就业政策，建立帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难的长效机制。督促各类企业同劳动者依法签订并履行劳动合同。加强劳动争议处理和劳动保障监察，严厉打击各种非法用工行为。在世界上人口最多的国家解决就业问题，是一项极为艰巨的任务。我们要用百倍的努力，把这项关系民生之本的大事做好.We will strengthen job placement guidance and services for college graduates.We will deepen reform of the job-placement system for people leaving military service.We will improve the aid system for job seekers, carry out policies to find more jobs for people with physical and mental disabilities, and create a permanent mechanism to help zero-employment families find jobs.We will urge all types of enterprises to sign labor contracts with their employees in accordance with the law and abide by them.We will improve the handling of labor disputes and oversight for worker protection measures and severely punish illegal employment practices.Providing adequate employment opportunities in China, which has the largest population in the world, is a daunting challenge.We must redouble our efforts to increase employment, a matter that is crucial to people's well being.增加城乡居民收入。关键要调整国民收入分配格局，深化收入分配制度改革，逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。

We will increase urban and rural incomes.The key is to adjust the distribution of the national income, deepen reform of the income distribution system, gradually raise the proportion of the national income received by individuals and raise labor's of the primary distribution of income.一是多渠道增加农民收入，确保农民工工资按时足额发放，适当提高扶贫的标准。 First, we will increase rural incomes through a variety of channels, ensure that rural migrant workers in cities get paid in full and on time, and appropriately increase allowances for the poor population.二是提高企业职工工资的水平，建立企业职工工资正常增长和支付保障机制。推动企业建立工资集体协商制度，完善工资指导线制度，健全并落实最低工资制度。改革国有企业工资总额管理办法，加强对垄断行业企业工资监管。

Second, we will raise the wage scale for enterprise employees and create a mechanism to ensure they get regular wage increases and ensure that they are paid regularly.We will urge enterprises to establish a system for collective bargaining for wages, improve the system of wage guidelines, and improve and comply with the minimum wage system.We will reform the method of supervising SOE payroll and strengthen oversight of wages paid by enterprises in monopoly industries.三是从今年1月1日起，再连续三年进一步提高企业退休人员基本养老金水平。

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Third, we will raise the level of basic old-age benefits for retirees from enterprises every year for three years beginning Jan.1 this year.四是深化公务员工资制度改革，继续做好规范公务员津贴补贴工作。加快推进事业单位收入分配制度改革。

Fourth, we will deepen reform of the salary system for civil servants and continue efforts to standardize their subsidies and allowances.We will accelerate reform of the income distribution system in government-affiliated institutions.

五是落实职工带薪年休假制度。同时要进一步完善消费政策，拓宽服务消费领域，稳定居民消费预期，扩大即期消费。只有把经济发展的成果合理分配到群众手中，才能得到广大群众的拥护，才能促进社会的和谐稳定 .Fifth, we will institute a system of annual paid vacations for employees.In addition, we will further improve consumption policies, broaden the range of services available in the market, stabilize consumer expectations and increase immediate consumption.Only by appropriately spreading the fruits of economic development among the people can we win their support and maintain social harmony and stability.完善社会保障体系。坚持实行广覆盖、保基本、多层次、可持续的方针。

We will improve the social safety net.We will follow a policy of expanding the number of people covered, guaranteeing people's basic needs and pursuing multi-level and sustainable development of the system.一要做好社会保险面和基金征缴工作。重点扩大农民工、非公有制经济组织从业人员、城镇灵活就业人员参加社会保险。努力解决关闭破产企业退休人员和困难企业职工参加基本医疗保险问题

First, we will expand the number of people covered by the social security system and improve collection of contributions to insurance funds.The focus of efforts will be on extending coverage to more rural migrant workers in cities, employees in the nonpublic sector of the economy and urban residents without fixed employment.Efforts will be made to provide basic medical insurance for retirees from closed or bankrupt enterprises and employees of enterprises with financial difficulties.二要推进社会保险制度改革。完善社会统筹与个人帐户相结合的企业职工基本养老保险制度，扩大做实养老保险个人帐户试点，加快省级统筹步伐，制定全国统一的社会保险关系专续办法。规范发展企业年金制度。探索事业单位基本养老保险制度改革。抓紧制定适合农民工特点的养老保险办法。鼓励各地开展农村养老保险试点。加快完善失业、工伤、生育保险制度。

Second, we will push ahead with the reform of the social security system.We will improve the system of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, combining contributions from various sources in society with personal employee retirement accounts, and expand the trial of fully funding personal accounts for old-age insurance.In addition, we will accelerate the implementation of overall planning for old-age pensions at the provincial level and work out nationwide rules for transferring social security accounts from one region to another.We will standardize and expand enterprise retirement systems that pay annuities.We will explore ways to reform basic old-age insurance in government-affiliated 45 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

institutions.We will soon work out an old-age insurance system suitable for rural migrant workers in cities, and encourage local governments to carry out experiments with a rural old-age insurance system.We will accelerate improvement in unemployment insurance, workers' compensation and maternity insurance.三要采取多种方式充实社会保障基金，强化资金监管，确保基金安全，实现保值增值。 Third, we will finance social security funds in various ways, strengthen their oversight, ensure their security and maintain and increase their value.四要健全社会救助体系。重点完善城乡居民最低生活保障制度，建立与经济增长和物价水平相适应的救助标准调整机制。健全临时救助制度。同时，积极发展社会福利事业。鼓励和支持慈善事业发展。做好优抚安置工作。加强防灾减灾救灾工作。为加快社会保障体系建设，今年中央财政将安排2762亿元，比上年增加458亿元。建立和完善覆盖城乡的社会保障体系，让人民生活无后顾之忧，直接关系经济社会发展，是全面建设小康社会的一项重大任务. Fourth, we will improve the social aistance system.We will focus on improving the systems of basic cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents and setting up a mechanism for adjusting the level of aistance in line with economic growth and price changes.We will improve the temporary aistance system, vigorously develop social welfare programs and encourage and support the development of charity programs.We will do a good job providing aistance to entitled groups and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will improve the work of disaster prevention, reduction and relief.A total of 276.2 billion yuan will be appropriated this year in the central government budget to accelerate development of the social security system, 45.8 billion yuan more than last year.Establishing a sound social safety net for both urban and rural residents to ward off uncertainties for them has a direct impact on economic and social development and is a major task in the effort to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.抓紧建立住房保障体系。总的指导原则是：

We will promptly establish a system for ensuring housing for people.The general guiding principles for this work are as follows.（1）坚持从我国人多地少的基本国情出发，建立科学、合理的住房建设和消费模式。大力发展省地节能环保型住宅，增加中小套型住房供给，引导居民适度消费。

1) Taking into consideration the fact that China has a large population and relatively little land available for building housing, we need to foster a scientific and rational model for housing development and home ownership.We will vigorously work to build environmentally friendly buildings that conserve energy and land, increase the supply of small and medium-sized condominiums, and guide people to obtain housing they can afford.

（2）坚持正确发挥政府和市场的作用，政府主要制定住房规划和政策，搞好土地合理供应、集约利用和管理，重点发展面向中低收入家庭的住房。高收入家庭的住房需求主要通过市场调节解决。

2) We must ensure that the government and the market both play their due roles.The government's role is mainly to formulate plans and policies for housing 46 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

and ensure that there is an appropriate supply of land, ensure that land is used intensively and oversee land use.Priority will be given to development of housing for low- and middle-income families.Demand for housing among high-income families will be met largely through the market.（3）坚持加强对房地产市场的调控和监管，规范和维护市场秩序，促进房地产业持续稳定健康发展。

3) We need to strengthen regulation and oversight of the real estate market, standardize and maintain order in the market and promote sustained, steady and healthy development of the real estate industry.

今年要采取四项措施： The following four measures will be adopted this year: 一要健全廉租住房制度，加快廉租住房建设，增加房源供给，加强经济适用住房建设和管理，积极解决城市低收入群众住房困难。

First, we will improve the system of low-rent housing, accelerate construction of low-rent housing, expand the supply of housing, and step up construction and tighten management of affordable housing to ease the housing difficulties of low-income urban residents.今年中央用于廉租住房制度建设的资金68亿元，比去年增加17亿元；地方各级政府都要增加这方面的投入。同时，要积极改善农民工居住条件。

A total of 6.8 billion yuan will be allocated from the central government budget for the low-rent housing program this year, 1.7 billion yuan more than last year, and local governments will also increase funding in this area.In addition, we will work energetically to improve the living conditions of rural migrant workers in cities.二要增加中低价位、中小套型普通商品住房供应，建立多渠道投融资机制，通过多种途径帮助中等收入家庭解决住房问题。合理调整城市土地供给结构，增加中小套型住房用地。

Second, we will increase the supply of low- and medium-price, small and medium-sized condominiums, establish a mechanism for making investments and raising funds in various ways, and help middle-income families meet their housing needs through a variety of channels.We will improve the supply structure of urban land to provide more land for building small and medium-sized condominiums.三要综合运用税收、信贷、土地等手段，完善住房公积金制度，增加住房有效供给，抑制不合理需求，防止房价过快上涨。

Third, we will use a combination of tax, credit and land supply measures and improve the housing accumulation fund system to increase supply of reasonably priced housing, curb demand for high-end housing and prevent overheating in housing prices.四要加强市场监管，严格房地产企业市场准入和退出条件。依法查处闲置囤积土地、房源和炒地炒房行为。同时，要加强农村住房建设规划和管理，切实解决农村困难群众住房安全问题。我们要坚定不移地推进住房改革和建设，让人民群众安居乐业.Fourth, we will strengthen market oversight and strictly enforce the requirements for market acce and the conditions for going out of busine for real estate firms.We will investigate attempts to control the land and housing 47 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

market through hoarding and speculation in land and housing and deal with violations in accordance with the law.In addition, we will improve planning and management of rural housing development and the safety of housing for the rural poor.We must unswervingly promote reform of the housing system and construction of housing for the benefit of the people.

（七）深化文化体制改革，推动文化大发展大繁荣.7.Deepening the reform of the cultural management system and promoting the vigorous development and enrichment of culture.

进一步落实和完善文化体制改革政策措施，推动文化创新，加强文化建设，保障人民基本文化权益，繁荣文化市场，满足人民日益增长的、多样的文化需求。坚持用马克思主义中国化最新成果教育人民，在全社会树立中国特色社会主义共同理想，大力弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神，深入进行社会主义荣辱观教育。推进和谐文化建设，实施公民道德建设工程，培育文明社会风尚。特别要加强青少年思想道德建设。深入开展文明创建活动。坚持为人民服务、为社会服务的方向，全面贯彻百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针。发展哲学社会科学。繁荣新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术。鼓励创作优秀精神文化产品.We will further implement and improve the policies and measures to reform the cultural management system, promote cultural innovation, strengthen cultural improvement work, safeguard the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, and promote a flourishing cultural market to meet the people's ever-increasing and varied cultural needs.We will continue to educate the people in the latest advances in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, foster a common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics among the people, strongly promote a national spirit centered on patriotism and a spirit of the times centered on reform and innovation, and extensively promote education in the socialist concept of honor and disgrace.We will develop a culture of harmony, carry out the program for improving civic morality and foster civilized social conduct.Particular attention will be paid to cultivating ideals and ethics among young people.Extensive campaigns will be launched to encourage civilized behavior.We will maintain the orientation of serving the people and socialism and fully adhere to the principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend.We will develop philosophy and the social sciences.We will promote the vigorous development of the pre and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and the arts.We will encourage the production of excellent cultural works.

加大政府投入力度，加快构建覆盖全社会的公共文化服务体系，加强公益性文化事业建设，特别是加强社区和乡村文化设施建设。加快乡镇综合文化站建设。推进全国文化信息共享、广播电视村村通、农家书屋和农村电影放映工程。具有公益性质的博物馆、纪念馆和全国爱国主义教育示范基地，今明两年内全部向社会免费开放。完善文化产业政策，加快文化产业基地和区域性特色文化产业群的建设。加强网络文化建设和管理。规范文化市场，坚持开展“扫黄打非”。加强民族文化遗产保护。扩大对外文化交流。加强城乡公共体育设施建设，广泛开展全民健身活动，不断提高竞技体育水平.We will increase government funding to accelerate development of a system of public cultural services for the whole society and to promote development of basic public benefit cultural programs, particularly the building of more cultural 48 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

facilities in urban communities and villages.We will accelerate development of multipurpose community centers in towns and townships.We will work on the projects to set up a national shared databank of cultural information and resources, extend radio and television coverage to all villages, and set up reading rooms and show movies in rural areas.All public museums, memorial halls and exhibition centers of a nonprofit nature will stop charging admiion fees this year or next year.We will improve the policy for developing the culture sector and speed up development of bases for the culture industry and clusters of cultural industries with regional features.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture.We will ensure order in the cultural market and continue to combat pornography and illegal publications.We will strengthen protection of our national cultural heritage.We will expand cultural exchanges with other countries.We will step up development of public sports facilities in both urban and rural areas, launch extensive public fitne programs and raise the level of competitive sports.2008年奥运会和残奥会即将在北京举办。这是全体中华儿女的共同期盼，对于促进我国经济社会发展、增进中国人民同世界各国人民的友谊与合作，具有重要意义。要扎实做好各项筹备和组织工作，加强国际合作，创造良好环境，确保成功举办一届有特色、高水平的体育盛会.The 2008 Olympics and Paralympics will be held in Beijing.All sons and daughters of the Chinese nation are looking forward to them, and they will be of great importance in promoting China's economic and social development and increasing friendship and cooperation between Chinese people and the peoples of other countries.We will prepare for and organize the Games well, strengthen cooperation with the international community, and create an excellent environment to ensure that the Games are a unique, well-run sporting event.

（八）加强社会主义民主法制建设，促进社会公平正义.8.Stepping up development of socialist democracy and the socialist legal system and promoting social fairne and justice.

深化政治体制改革，发展社会主义政治文明。扩大人民民主，健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道，依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督，保障人民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权。发展基层民主，完善基层群众自治制度，扩大基层群众自治范围，推动城乡社区建设，深入推进政务公开、村务公开、厂务公开。发挥社会组织在扩大群众参与、反映群众诉求方面的积极作用，增强社会自治功能.We will deepen reform of political institutions and advance socialist political standards.We will expand people's democracy, improve democratic institutions, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we will carry out democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to ensure the people's rights to stay informed about, to participate in, to expre views on, and to oversee government affairs.We will develop democracy at the community level, improve the system of governance by the people at the community level, expand the scope of their autonomy, strengthen urban and rural communities, and make the running of governments, villages and factories more transparent.We will bring into play the positive role of civic organizations in 49 / 57 2008年中华人民共和国政府工作报告(中英文)

expanding public participation in government affairs and voicing the concerns of the people to improve the ability of society to govern itself.全面落实依法治国基本方略。加强政府立法，提高立法质量。今年要重点加强改善民生、推进社会建设、节约能源资源、保护生态环境等方面的立法。政府立法工作要广泛听取意见。制定与群众利益密切相关的行政法规、规章，原则上都要公布草案，向社会公开征求意见。合理界定和调整行政法规执法权限，强化行政执法监督，全面落实行政执法责任制。健全市县政府依法行政制度。

加强对行政收费的规范管理，改革和完善司法、执法的财政保障机制。加强法规、规章和规范性文件的备案审查工作。健全行政复议体制，完善行政补偿和行政赔偿制度。做好法律服务和法律援助工作。深入开展法制宣传教育，在全社会形成自觉守法用法的良好氛围.We will ensure that administrative charges are collected in a standardized way and reform and improve the mechanism for ensuring adequate funding for the judicial system and for law enforcement.We will improve the filing and inspection procedures for laws, rules, regulations and regulatory documents.Systems of administrative review and administrative compensation and reparation will be improved.We will ensure that people have adequate acce to legal services and aistance.We will increase publicity and education concerning the law in order to create a good social environment in which the people conscientiously study, abide by and apply the law.完善社会管理。加强社会组织建设，健全基层社会管理体制。做好解放工作，完善信访制度。健全社会矛盾调解机制，妥善处理人民内部矛盾，维护群众合法权益。完善社会治安防控体系，加强社会治安综合治理，开如伸展平安创建活动。改革和加强城乡社区警务构成，加强流动人口服务和管理。集中整治突出的治安问题和治安混乱地区，依法防范和打击违法犯罪活动，保障人民生命财产安全，确保社会大局稳定。加强国家安全工作。

推荐第7篇：政府工作报告下载(中英文)

Delivered at the Fifth Seion of the Tenth National People\'s Congre on March 5, 2007 在3月5日十届全国人大五次会议上

Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council 国务院总理

温家宝

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表：

On behalf of the State Council, I would now like to present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also welcome comments and suggestions on the report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

I.Review of the Work in 2006

一、2006年工作回顾

China began implementation of and made a good start on its Eleventh Five-Year Plan in 2006, making major achievements in economic and social development.2006年，是我国实施“十一五”规划并实现良好开局的一年，国民经济和社会发展取得重大成就。

-The economy experienced steady and fast growth.China\'s GDP was 20.94 trillion yuan, an increase of 10.7% over the previous year.The consumer price index rose by 1.5%.For four years in a row, economic growth has reached or slightly exceeded 10% without significant inflation.———经济平稳快速增长。国内生产总值20.94万亿元，比上年增长10.7%；居民消费价格总水平上涨1.5%。经济增长连续四年达到或略高于10%，没有出现明显通货膨胀。

-Economic performance improved steadily.National revenue reached 3.93 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 769.4 billion yuan.Profits of large industrial enterprises rose 31%, an increase of 444.2 billion yuan.———经济效益稳步提高。全国财政收入3.93万亿元，比上年增加7694亿元；规模以上工业企业实现利润增长31%，增加4442亿元。

-Implementation of the reform and opening up policy was deepened.Further progre was made in reforms in key areas and crucial links.China\'s import and export volume totaled US$ 1.76 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 23.8%.Paid-in foreign directinvestmentreached $69.5 billion.———改革开放进一步深化。重点领域和关键环节改革取得新进展。进出口贸易总额1.76万亿美元，比上年增长23.8%；实际利用外商直接投资695亿美元。

-Development of social programs was accelerated.Major achievements were made in scientific and technological innovation, there was continued development of education, the publichealthsystem was improved and progre continued in cultural andsportsprograms.———社会事业加快发展。科技创新取得重大成果，教育事业继续发展，公共卫生体系建设得到加强，文化、体育事业进一步繁荣。

-People\'s living standards improved substantially.A total of 11.84 million urban residents entered the workforce.Urban per capita disposable income rose to 11,759 yuan, an increase of 10.4% in real terms after adjusting for inflation, and rural per capita net income grew to 3,587 yuan, an increase of 7.4% in real terms after adjusting for inflation.———人民生活有较大改善。城镇新增就业1184万人。城镇居民人均可支配收入11759元，农村居民人均纯收入3587元，扣除价格因素，分别比上年实际增长10.4%和7.4%。

These achievements mark a further increase in China\'s overall strength and represent another solid step toward thegoalof building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.这些成就，标志着我国综合国力进一步增强，我们朝着全面建设小康社会目标又迈出坚实的一步。

The main work accomplished in 2006 includes the following.一年来的主要工作是：

推荐第8篇：政府工作报告下载(中英文)

11届人大1次会议政府工作报告(全文)

国务院总理温家宝

各位代表：现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告本届政府过去五年的工作，对今年工作提出建议，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

一，过去五年的回顾

第十届全国人民代表大会第一次会议以来的五年，是不平凡的五年。在中国共产党的领导下，各级政府和全国各族人民认真贯彻党的十六大精神，齐心协力，顽强拼搏，积极应对复杂多变的国际环境，努力克服经济社会发展中的各种困难，战胜了突如其来的严重非典疫情和历史罕见的低温雨雪冰冻等特大自然灾害，改革开放和现代化建设取得了举世瞩目的重大成就。

——经济建设跨上新台阶。2007年，国内生产总值达到24.66万亿元，比2002年增长65.5%，年均增长10.6%，从世界第六位上升到第四位；

全国财政收入达到5.13万亿元，增长1.71倍；外汇储备超过1.52万亿美元。

——取消农业税，终结了农民种田交税的历史。全国粮食连续四年增产，2007年产量超过1万亿斤。

——国有企业、金融、财税、外经贸体制和行政管理体制等改革迈出重大步伐。开放型经济进入新阶段。2007年进出口总额达到2.17万亿美元，从世界第六位上升到第三位。

——创新型国家建设进展良好，涌现出一批具有重大国际影响的科技创新成果。载人航天飞行和首次月球探测工程圆满成功。

——全面实现农村免费义务教育，这是我国教育发展史上的重要里程碑。覆盖城乡的公共卫生体系和基本医疗服务体系初步建立。

——城乡公共文化体系逐步完善。文化体制改革取得重要进展，文化事业和文化产业快速发展。上海特奥会成功举办。北京奥运会、残奥会和上海世博会筹备工作进展顺利。

——民主法制建设取得新进步，依法行政扎实推进，保障人民权益和维护社会公平正义得到加强。

——人民生活明显改善。五年全国新增城镇就业5100万人。城镇居民人均可支配收入由2002年7703元增加到2007年13786元，农村居民人均纯收入由2476元增加到4140元。社会保障体系框架初步形成。贫困人口逐年减少。

事实充分说明，过去的五年是改革开放和全面建设小康社会取得重大进展的五年，是社会生产力和综合国力显著增强的五年，是社会事业全面发展和人民得到更多实惠的五年，是我国国际地位和影响不断提高的五年。

五年来，我们树立和落实科学发展观，着力发展经济、深化改革开放、保障和改善民生，促进社会和谐，付出了巨大努力，做了大量工作。

(一)加强和改善宏观调控，促进经济平稳快速发展

我们围绕解决经济运行中的突出矛盾，注重宏观调控的预见性、及时性和有效性。几年来，针对固定资产投资增长过快、货币信贷投放过多、外贸顺差过大，以及农业基础薄弱等经济发展中的不稳定、不协调、不可持续的问题，严把土地、信贷两个闸门，提高市场准入门槛，适时调整财政政策、货币政策，完善产业政策和土地政策，调整经济结构，加强薄弱环节。根据形势的变化，多次及时调整金融机构存款准备金率、存贷款基准利率，取消或降低高耗能、高排放和资源性产品的出口退税。这些宏观调控措施取得明显成效，经济连续五年保持平稳快速发展，没有出现大的起落。

我们从加强农业基础入手，把促进粮食增产和农民增收作为首要任务，在制度、政策和投入方面采取一系列重大举措。全部取消了农业税、牧业税和特产税，每年减轻农民负担1335亿元。同时，建立农业补贴制度，对农民实行粮食直补、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴和农业生产资料综合补贴，对产粮大县和财政困难县乡实行奖励补助。

大幅度增加对农业农村投入，中央财政用于“三农”的支出五年累计1.6万亿元，其中用于农村基础设施建设近3000亿元，地方也较多增加了投入。五年新增节水灌溉面积1亿亩、新增沼气用户1650万户、新建改建农村公路130万公里，解决了9748万农村人口饮水困难和饮水安全问题，建立了重大动物疫病防控体系，防止了高致病性禽流感等疫情的蔓延。

这些措施，极大地调动了农民的积极性，有力地推动了社会主义新农村建设，农村发生了历史性变化，亿万农民由衷地感到高兴。农业的发展，为整个经济社会的稳定和发展发挥了重要作用。

我们制定了国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，对2006到2020年的科技发展作出全面部署，启动一批重大专项。这对增强自主创新能力，推进创新型国家建设，有着重要而深远的影响。

基础科学和前沿技术研究得到加强，取得高性能计算机、第三代移动通信、超级杂交水稻等一批重大创新成果，形成了一批具有自主知识产权和市场竞争力的产品。五年中央财政用于科技的投入达到3406亿元。全社会研究与实验发展经费，从2002年1288亿元增加到2007年的3664亿元，占国内生产总值的比重从1.07%提高到1.49%。以企业为主体的技术创新体系建设取得重要进展。科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展的能力明显增强。

我们制定和实施一系列产业政策和专项规划，促进产业结构的优化升级。信息、生物、航空航天、新能源、新材料、海洋等高新技术产业加快发展。振兴装备制造业的成效显著。旅游、金融、物流等现代服务业蓬勃发展。基础设施基础产业建设取得长足进展，一批重大的工程相继建成或者顺利推进。

青藏铁路提前一年建成通车，三峡工程防洪、发电、航运等综合效益全面发挥，西电东送、西气东输全面投产，南水北调工程进展顺利，溪洛渡水电站、红沿河核电站、京沪高速铁路和千万吨级炼油厂、百万吨级乙烯等重大项目陆续开工建设。五年新增电力装机3.5亿千瓦，是1950年到2002年53年的总和；新增公路19.2万公里，其中高速公路2.8万公里；新增铁路营运里程6100公里；建成万吨级以上泊位568个；新增电信用户4.94亿户，有效地改善了能源交通通信的状况，增强了经济社会发展的后劲。

我们高度重视资源节约和环境保护。“十一五”规划要把节能和减排作为约束性目标。近两年，又提出并实施节能减排综合性工作方案，建立节能减排指标体系、监测体系、考核体系和目标责任制，颁布了应对气候变化国家方案。依法淘汰一大批落后生产能力，关停小火电2157万千瓦、小煤矿1.12万处，淘汰落后炼铁产能4659万吨、炼钢产能3747万吨、水泥产能8700万吨。启动了十大重点节能工程。

燃煤电厂脱硫工程取得突破性的进展。中央政府投资支持重点流域水污染防治项目691个。继续推进天然林保护、京津风沙源治理等生态建设，五年累计退耕还林、植树造林4.79亿亩，退牧还草5.19亿亩。加强土地和水资源保护，五年整理复垦开发补充耕地2289万亩。

经过各方面的努力，节能减排取得积极进展，2007年单位国内生产总值能耗比上年下降3.27%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量近年来首次出现双下降，比上年分别下降3.14%和4.66%。节约资源和保护环境从认识到实践都发生了重要转变。

我们实施区域发展总体战略。西部大开发继续推进，五年中央财政支持重点建设投资2800多亿元，基础设施和生态环境建设取得明显进展，重点地区和特色优势产业加快发展。制定和实施振兴东北地区等老工业基地战略，大型的粮食基地建设不断加强，国有企业改革改组改造取得突破性的进展，重大技术装备国产化成效显著，资源型城市经济转型试点进展顺利，老工业基地焕发出新的生机和活力。

制定和实施促进中部地区崛起政策措施，粮食主产区现代农业建设步伐加快，重要能源原材料工业、装备制造业和综合交通运输体系进一步发展。东部地区继续率先发展，经济实力和整体素质显著提升。经济特区、上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区开发开放加快推进。这些重大举措，促进了区域经济合理布局和协调发展。

(二)大力推进改革开放，注重制度建设和创新

全面深化农村改革。以乡镇机构、农村义务教育和县乡财政管理体制改革为主要内容的农村综合改革，取得阶段性的重要成果。放开粮食收购市场，实现了粮食购销市场化。集体林权制度改革进行了成功的探索。供销合作社、国有农场等改革进展顺利。

坚持完善基本经济制度。巩固和发展公有制经济，推进国有资产管理体制改革和国有经济布局与结构调整，建立和完善国有资产出资人制度。加快国有企业股份制改革，一批具有国际竞争力的大公司大企业集团发展壮大。邮政体制改革顺利进行，电力、电信、民航、铁路等行业改革取得积极进展。

2006年，全国国有企业资产总额比2002年增长60.98%，实现利润增长2.23倍，税收增长1.05倍。国有经济活力、控制力和影响力明显增强。制定和实施一系列政策措施，进一步营造公平竞争的法制环境和市场环境，鼓励、支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发展。非公有制经济在促进经济增长、扩大就业、增加税收和活跃市场等方面，发挥着越来越大的作用。

大力推进金融、财税体制改革。针对国有商业银行经营管理不善、金融风险加剧的状况，我们果断地推进了改革。中国工商银行、中国银行、中国建设银行和交通银行完成股份制改造并成功上市，资产质量和盈利的能力明显提高，银行业发生了重大变化。坚定地进行上市公司股权分置改革，解决了长期困扰证券市场发展的制度性问题。重点国有保险企业重组改制上市，促进了保险业迅速发展。

利率市场化改革迈出实质性步伐。实施人民币汇率形成机制的改革，汇率弹性逐步增强。外汇管理体制改革全面推进。财税体制改革进一步深化，财政转移支付制度和公共财政制度逐步完善。2003年到2007年，中央财政对地方的转移支付累计4.25万亿元，87%用于支持中西部地区。在部分企业试行国有资本经营预算制度。启动和扩大增值税转型改革试点。统一内外资企业所得税制度。建立国家统一的职务与级别相结合的公务员工资制度，初步规范了津贴补贴制度。投资体制改革和价格改革取得新进展。

加强市场体系建设。生产要素市场化的程度稳步提高。商品流通现代化的步伐加快。产品质量和食品药品的安全专项整治取得明显成效，保护知识产权力度加大，严厉打击了制假售假、非法传销、商业欺诈、盗版侵权等违法犯罪活动。

坚持扩大对方开放。我们认真履行加入世界贸易组织各项承诺，积极做好过渡期的各项工作。深化涉外经济体制改革，促进贸易投资便利化。放开外贸经营权，大幅度地降低关税，取消进口配额、许可证等非关税措施，金融、商业、电信等服务业的开放不断扩大。进出口商品结构逐步优化。利用外资的质量进一步提高。实施“走出去”战略迈出坚实步伐，对外经济互利合作取得明显成效。

(三)全面加强社会建设，切实保障和改善民生

我们坚持统筹经济社会发展，加快教育、卫生、文化、体育等社会事业发展和改革，积极解决涉及人民群众切身利益的问题。

在教育方面。全国财政用于教育支出五年累计2.43万亿元，比前五年增长1.26倍。农村义务教育已全面纳入财政保障的范围，对全国农村义务教育阶段学生全部免除学杂费、全部免费提供教科书，对家庭经济困难寄宿生提供生活补助，使1.5亿的学生和780万名家庭经济困难的寄宿生受益。

西部地区基本普及九年义务教育、基本扫除青壮年文盲攻坚计划如期完成。国家安排专项资金支持2.2万多所农村中小学改造危房、建设7000多所寄宿制学校，远程教育已覆盖36万所农村中小学，更多的农村学生享受到优质教育资源。更加重视职业教育发展，2007年中、高等职业教育在校生分别达到2000万人和861万人。普通高等教育本科生和研究生的规模达到1144万人。高校重点学科建设继续加强。建设健全普通本科高校、高等和中等职业学校国家奖学金助学金制度，中央财政此项支出从2006年的20.5亿元增加到去年的98亿元，高校资助面超过了20%，中等职业学校资助面超过了90%，资助标准大幅度提高。2007年开始在教育部直属师范大学实施师范生免费教育试点。我们在实现教育公平上迈出了重大的步伐。

深入实施人才强国战略，大力培养、积极引进和合理使用各类人才，高层次、高技能的人才队伍不断壮大。在卫生方面。全国财政用于医疗卫生的支出五年累计6294亿元，比前五年增长1.27倍。重点加强公共卫生、医疗服务和医疗保障体系建设，覆盖城乡、功能比较齐全的疾病预防控制和应急医疗救治体系基本建成。国家规划免疫预防的疾病由7种扩大到15种，对艾滋病、结核病、血吸虫病等重大传染病患者实施免费救治。

国家安排资金改造和新建1.88万所乡镇卫生院、786所县医院、285所县中医医院和534所县妇幼保健医院，为1.17万个乡镇卫生院配置了医疗设备，农村医疗卫生条件明显改善。全国建立了2.4万多个社区卫生服务机构，新型的城市医疗卫生服务体系进一步健全。人口和计划生育事业取得新进展，低生育水平继续保持稳定。

人民健康水平不断提高，婴儿死亡率和孕产妇的死亡率明显下降，2005年人均期望寿命达到73岁，对于我们这样一个有13亿人口的发展中国家是了不起的成就。

在就业方面。坚持实施和完善积极的就业政策，从财税、金融等方面加大支持力度，中央财政安排就业补助资金五年累计666亿元。城乡公共就业服务体系建设进一步加强。统筹做好就业再就业工作，全面加强职业技能培训，平均每年城镇新增就业1000多万人、农村劳动力转移就业800万人。基本解决国有企业下岗职工再就业的问题，完成下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险的并轨。在劳动力总量增加较多、就业压力很大的情况下，保持了就业形势的基本稳定。

在社会保障方面。全国财政用于社会保障的支出五年累计1.95万亿元，比前五年增长了1.41倍。城镇职工基本养老保险制度不断完善，2007年参保人数突破了两亿人，比2002年增加了5400多万人；做实基本养老保险个人账户试点扩大到11个省份；从2005年开始连续三年提高企业退休人员基本养老标准。中央财政五年累计补助养老保险专项资金3295亿元。

2007年城镇职工基本医疗保险参保人数达到1.8亿人，比2002年增加近1倍；88个城市启动了城镇居民基本医疗保险的试点；新型农村合作医疗制度不断完善，已经扩大到全国86%的县，参合农民达到了7.3亿人。全国社会保障基金累计4140亿元，比2002年增加了2898亿元。城乡社会救助体系基本建立。城市居民最低生活保障制度不断完善，保障标准和补助水平逐步提高。2007年在全国农村全面建立最低生活保障制度，3451.9万农村居民纳入了保障的范围。

这是保障城乡困难群众基本生活的一项根本性的制度建设。社会福利、优抚安置、慈善和残疾人事业取得新进展。抗灾救灾工作全面加强，中央财政五年支出551亿元，受灾群众生产生活得到妥善安排。

在文化和体育方面。全国财政用于文化体育事业支出五年累计3104亿元，比前五年增长1.3倍。县乡两级公共文化服务体系初步形成，基本实现了县县有图书馆、文化馆。全国文化信息资源共享工程、广播电视村村通工程等基层文化设施建设扎实推进。哲学社会科学和新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术进一步繁荣。文物和非物质文化遗产保护得到加强。对外文化交流更加活跃。城乡公共体育设施建设加快，群众性体育蓬勃发展，体育健儿在国际大赛中取得优异成绩。

在居民收入和消费方面。努力增加城乡居民特别是低收入居民收入。调高最低工资标准；基本解决拖欠农民工工资的问题；四次提高重点优抚对象的抚恤补助标准，统筹解决退役军人实际的困难。降低居民储蓄存款利息税率，提高个人所得税起征点。家庭财产普遍增多。居民消费结构升级加快，家用汽车大幅度增加，移动电话、计算机、互联网快速普及，旅游人数成倍增长。住房条件进一步改善，棚户区的改造取得积极进展。城乡居民享有的公共服务明显增多。

在社会管理方面。着力维护人民群众合法权益，积极化解社会矛盾。制定并实施保障农民工合法权益的政策措施。努力解决土地征收征用、房屋拆迁、企业改制、环境保护等方面损害群众利益的问题。信访工作不断加强。高度重视安全生产工作，健全安全监管体制，落实安全生产责任制，加强安全生产法制建设。社会治安防控体系更加健全，综合治理工作进一步加强。依法打击各类犯罪活动，有效维护了国家安全和社会稳定。

在经济快速发展和财力明显增加的情况下，用很大力量解决了一些长期遗留的历史问题。剥离和处置国有商业银行不良资产，置换农村信用社不良贷款和历年亏损挂帐，化解国有企业历史债务，逐步解决国有粮食企业政策性亏损挂账，还清出口退税欠款，完善大中型水库征地补偿和移民后期扶持政策等。这些问题的解决对于经济社会发展起到了重要作用。

五年来，我们在民主法制建设、国防和军队建设、港澳台工作和外交等方面，也取得了重要进展。

稳步推进社会主义民主法制建设。各级政府自觉接受同级人民代表大会及其常委会的监督，主动接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取民主党派、工商联、无党派人士、人民团体的意见，通过多种形式征求专家学者和人民群众的建议，接受新闻媒体和社会各界的监督。实行重大事项决策公示和听证制度。

加强城乡基层自治组织建设，基层民主管理制度进一步健全。五年国务院共向全国人大常委会提交39件法律议案，制定、修订137件行政法规。探索建立公众有序参与政府立法的机制和制度，有15部法律草案和行政法规草案向社会公开征求意见。全面清理了现行的行政法规和规章。贯彻民族区域自治法，推进民族团结进步事业。全面落实宗教信仰自由政策，宗教事务管理走向法制化、规范化。全面落实侨务政策，依法保护海外侨胞和归侨眷属的合法权益。

全面加强军队现代化建设。积极推进中国特色军事变革。调整改革军队体制编制和政策制度，裁减军队员额20万的任务顺利完成。国防和军队建设取得历史性成就。人民解放军和人民武装警察部队为维护国家主权、安全、领土完整和促进社会和谐稳定作出了重大贡献。

坚持“一国两制”方针，严格按照香港特别行政区基本法和澳门特别行政区基本法办事。实施内地与香港、澳门建立更紧密经贸关系安排。香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定。

坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂活动，捍卫国家主权与领土完整，维护台海和平。实施一系列有利于人员往来和经济科技教育文化体育交流的措施，促进了两岸关系和平稳定发展。

积极开展对外交往与合作，全方位外交取得重大进展，坚定地维护和发展了国家利益。我国同主要大国加强了对话，增进了信任，扩大了合作。中美关系稳定发展，中俄战略协作伙伴关系提高到新水平，中欧全面合作日益深化，中日关系得到改善，同周边国家睦邻友好关系进一步加强，区域合作取得新成果，同发展中国家的团结合作开创了新局面。成功举办一系列重大多边外交活动。妥善应对国际上各种新挑战，积极负责地参与解决全球性的问题，在解决国际和地区热点问题上发挥着重要的建设性作用。

五年来，我们始终重视政府自身改革和建设。本届政府把实行科学民主决策、推进依法行政、加强行政监督作为政府工作的三项基本准则。制定全面推进依法行政实施纲要，推动政府职能转变和管理创新，强化了社会管理和公共服务。认真贯彻实施行政许可法，推进行政审批制度改革，国务院各部门取消和调整行政审批项目692项。推进政务公开，完善新闻发布制度，加强电子政务建设。全国应急管理体系基本建立。监察、审计等专门监督工作卓有成效。公务员教育培训和管理法制化进一步加强。坚持不懈地开展反腐败斗争和加强政风建设，治理商业贿赂工作取得良好成效，依法查出违法违规案件和失职渎职的行为，惩处腐败分子。

过去五年，我们在丰富实践中积累了许多宝贵经验，主要体会是：

第一，必须坚持解放思想。解放思想、实事求是是我们党的思想路线。只有坚持一切从实际出发，破除迷信，敢于冲破不合时宜的观念束缚，尊重群众首创精神，大胆探索、实践和创造，与时俱进，才能使社会社会主义现代化事业充满生机和活力。

第二，必须坚持落实科学发展观。科学发展观是发展中国特色社会主义重大战略思想，是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针。我们要坚持把发展作为第一要务，着力转变经济发展方式，调整经济结构，提高经济增长质量和效益；坚持以人为本，注重统筹兼顾，推动全面协调可持续发展。只有深入贯彻落实科学发展观，才能实现经济社会又好又快发展，促进社会和谐。

第三，必须坚持改革开放。改革开放是决定当代中国命运重大而关键的抉择。我们要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革、政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主政治，完善社会主义市场经济体制，解放和发展生产力，促进社会公平正义，实现人的全面发展。开放也是改革，开放兼容才能强国。改革开放贯穿于社会主义现代化建设的整个过程，任何时候都不能动摇。

第四，必须坚持搞好宏观调控。宏观调控与市场机制都是社会主义市场经济体制的组成部分。我们要更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，增强企业活力和竞争力。同时，要加强和改善宏观调控，坚持主要运用经济手段、法律手段，发挥各种政策的组合效应；坚持区别对待、有保有压，不搞一刀切，不搞急刹车；坚持不断总结经验，及时调整政策，注重实际效果。只有把市场机制和宏观调控有机结合起来，才能保证整个经济充满活力、富有效率、持续健康协调发展。

第五，必须坚持执政为民。政府的一切权力都是人民赋予的，执政为民是各级政府的崇高使命。我们要牢记全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益，作为政府工作的出发点和落脚点。更加注重保障和改善民生，特别要关心和解决城乡低收入群众的生活困难，使全体人民共享改革发展成果。只有坚持一切属于人民，一切为了人民，一切依靠人民，一切归功于人民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛、最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。

第六，必须坚持依法行政。遵守宪法和法律是政府一切工作的根本原则。我们要严格按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责，加强政府立法，规范行政执法，完善行政监督，建设法治政府，不断提高依法行政能力。只有全面推行依法行政，努力做到有权必有责、用权受监督、侵权要赔偿、违法要追究，让权力在阳光下运行，才能保证人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋利益。

我们也清醒地认识到，经济社会发展和政府工作还存在不少问题，国内外形势发展的变化使我们面临诸多新的挑战和风险。

——经济运行中一些突出问题和深层次矛盾依然存在。近年来固定资产投资增长过快，货币信贷投放过多，国际收支不平衡。长期形成的结构性矛盾和增长方式粗放的问题仍然突出。投资与消费关系不协调，投资率持续偏高；一二三产业发展不协调，工业特别是重工业比重偏大，服务业比重偏低；自主创新能力不强，经济增长的资源环境代价过大。农业基础仍然薄弱，农业稳定发展和农民持续增收的难度加大，城乡、区域发展差距扩大的趋势尚未扭转。特别是影响经济发展的体制机制障碍还相当突出，改革攻坚任务繁重。

——涉及群众切身利益的问题有待进一步解决。当前物价上涨、通货膨胀压力加大，是广大群众最为关注的问题。去年居民消费价格总水平比上年上涨4.8%，主要食品和居住类价格涨幅较大。物价上涨有多方面的因素：国内农产品价格多年在低位运行，近期的价格上涨有其必然性和一定的合理因素，但对群众特别是低收入群众生活影响较大；近年来国际市场初级产品价格大幅上升，也直接影响国内价格上涨。由于推动价格上涨的因素还将存在，今年价格上涨的压力仍然较大。同时，生产资料价格不断上升，房地产等资产价格上涨过快，防止通货膨胀的任务相当艰巨。劳动就业、社会保障、教育、医疗卫生、收入分配、住房、产品质量安全、安全生产、社会治安等方面还有不少问题需要认真加以解决。

——国际经济环境变化不确定因素和潜在风险增加。随着经济全球化深入发展，我国经济与世界经济联系越来越密切。当前全球经济失衡加剧、增速放缓，国际竞争更加激烈；美国次级抵押贷款危机影响蔓延，美元持续贬值，国际金融市场风险增大；国际市场粮食价格上涨，石油等初级产品价格高位运行；贸易保护主义加剧，贸易摩擦增多。国际上一些政治因素对世界经济走势影响也不容忽视。这些都可能对我国经济发展带来不利影响。我国正处在改革发展的关键时期，必须充分做好应对国际环境变化的各种准备，提高防范风险的能力。

——政府自身建设和管理需要加强。我们深深感到，政府工作与形势的要求和人民的期望还有不小的差距。政府职能转变还不到位，社会管理和公共服务比较薄弱；一些部门职责交叉、权责脱节，相互推诿，办事效率低下；一些政府工作人员服务意识不强，素质不高；对权力的监督和约束机制不健全，形式主义、官僚主义问题比较突出，弄虚作假、奢侈浪费和腐败现象比较严重。

我们一定要始终保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识，以对国家、对人民高度负责的使命感和紧迫感，更加兢兢业业、扎扎实实地做好政府各项工作。

各位代表！

过去五年的成就和进步，来之不易。这是在改革开放多年来奠定的基础上取得的，是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央驾驭全局、正确领导的结果，是全国各族人民奋发进取、共同努力的结果，也是与广大海外侨胞、国际友人的支持和帮助分不开的。在战胜种种严重困难和挑战、完成各项重大任务中，充分表现了中国人民不畏艰险、一往无前的决心、勇气和意志。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾台胞，以及广大侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！向世界各国政府、国际组织和国际友人对中国现代化事业的理解和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！

第二，2008年的主要任务

今年是全国贯彻党的十七大精神的第一年，改革发展任务繁重而艰巨，做好政府工作意义重大。

政府工作的基本思路和主要任务是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，更加重视加强和改善宏观调控，更加重视推进改革开放和自主创新，更加重视调整经济结构和提高发展质量，更加重视节约资源和保护环境，更加重视改善民生和促进社会和谐，推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设，加快全面建设小康社会进程。

今年国民经济和社会发展预期目标是：在优化结构、提高效益、降低消耗、保护环境的基础上，国内生产总值增长8%左右；居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4.8%左右；城镇新增就业1000万人，城镇登记失业率控制在4.5%左右；国际收支状况有所改善。

这里要着重说明，提出国内生产总值增长8%左右，主要是综合考虑了国内和国际多种因素，着眼于保持经济平稳较快发展，引导各方面把主要精力和工作重点放在转变发展方式、深化改革、加快社会建设上，防止片面追求和盲目攀比经济增长速度，实现经济社会又好又快发展。提出居民消费价格总水平涨幅控制在4.8%左右，主要是由于去年价格上涨对今年价格的翘尾影响较大，推动价格上涨的因素较多，控制物价上涨的难度加大；同时，又要考虑到居民、企业和社会各方面的承受能力，努力避免物价涨幅过大。

实现经济社会发展的目标和任务，需要把握以下原则：坚持稳中求进，促进经济平稳较快发展；坚持好字优先，加快转变经济发展方式；坚持改革开放，注重推进制度建设和创新；坚持以人为本，加快以改善民生为重点的社会建设。今年经济工作，要把防止经济由偏快转为过热、防止价格由结构性上涨演变为明显通货膨胀作为宏观调控的首要任务；鉴于当前国内外经济形势发展的不确定因素较多，要密切跟踪分析新情况新问题，审时度势，从实际出发，及时灵活地采取相应对策，正确把握宏观调控的节奏、重点和力度，保持经济平稳较快发展，避免出现大的起落。

今年要着重抓好以下九个方面的工作：

(一)搞好宏观调控，保持经济平稳较快发展

根据国内外经济形势和宏观调控任务的要求，今年要实行稳健的财政政策和从紧的货币政策。

继续实行稳健的财政政策，就是要保持财政政策的连续性和稳定性，充分发挥财政促进结构调整和协调发展的重要作用，增加对薄弱环节、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出；同时，进一步减少财政赤字和长期建设国债。今年，中央财政赤字预算拟安排1800亿元，比去年预算赤字减少了650亿元。拟安排国债投资300亿元，比去年减少200亿元。增加中央预算内经常性建设投资，中央建设投资总计为1521亿元。继续调整财政支出和政府投资结构，较大幅度地增加“三农”、社会保障、医疗卫生、教育、文化、节能减排和廉租住房建设等方面的支出。要抓好增收节支，依法加强税收征管，规范非税收入管理，控制一般性支出。改革政府投资管理方式，提高投资使用效益。

合理安排财政超收收入。去年全国财政比年度预算超收7239亿元，其中中央财政超收4168亿元。超预算收入使用的原则是：集中财力办关系民生和制度性建设方面的事，调整结构，加强薄弱环节。依法增加地方两税返还和一般性转移支付的支出；增加农林水、教育、文化和科技方面的支出；增加社会保障、医疗卫生、司法保障和廉租住房建设的支出；增加节能减排和环境保护的支出；解决农村义务教育债务和国有粮食企业财务挂账等历史遗留问题的支出。同时，削减财政赤字450亿元；拟增加中央预算稳定调节基金1032亿元。

实行从紧的货币政策，主要是考虑当前固定资产投资反弹的压力较大，货币信贷投放仍然偏多，流动性过剩矛盾尚未缓解，价格上涨的压力明显，需要加强金融调控，控制货币供应量和信贷过快的增长。一要综合运用公开市场炒作、存款准备金率等方式，加大对冲流动性力度；合理发挥利率杠杆调节作用；完善人民币汇率形成机制，增强汇率弹性。二要着力优化信贷结构，严格执行贷款条件，有保有压。控制中长期贷款增长，特别是对高效能、高排放企业和产能过剩行业的贷款；创新和改进银行信贷服务，完善担保、贴息等制度，加大对“三农”、服务业、中小企业、自主创新、节能环保、区域协调发展等方面的贷款支持。三要深化外汇管理体制改革。完善结售汇制度，加强跨境资本流动监管，稳步推进资本项目可兑换。拓展外汇储备使用渠道和方式。同时，采取综合措施，努力改善国际收支状况。

防止价格总水平过快上涨，是今年宏观调控的重大任务。必须从更加有效供给和抑制不合理需求量方面采取有力措施。一要大力发展生产，特别要加强粮食、食用植物油、肉类等基本生活必需品和其他紧缺商品生产，认真落实支持发展生产的政策措施，搞好产运销的衔接。二要严格控制工业用粮和粮食出口；坚决制止玉米深加工能力盲目扩张，违规在建项目必须停建。三要加快健全储备体系，改进和完善储备调节和进出口调节的方式，适当增加国内紧缺重要消费品的进口。四要把握好政府调价的时机和力度，必须调整的资源性产品价格和公共服务收费也要从严控制，防止出现轮番涨价。五要健全大宗农产品、初级产品供求和价格变动的监测预警制度，做好市场供应和价格应急预案。六要加强市场和价格监管，抓好教育收费、医药价格、农资价格及涉农收费的监督检查。依法打击串通涨价、囤积居奇、哄抬物价等违法违规行为。七要及时完善和落实对低收入群众的补助办法，特别要增加对生活困难群众和家庭经济困难学生的补贴，确保他们基本生活水平不因物价上涨而下降。八要遏制生产资料尤其是农业生产资料价格过快上涨。九要坚持执行“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制。物价问题与人民生活密切相关，各级政府一定要把稳定市场物价放在更加重要的位置上。现在，国家粮食库存充裕，主要工业消费品供大与求，只要切实加强领导，认真落实各项政策措施，上下共同努力，就一定能够保证市场供应和价格基本稳定。

近期发生的严重低温雨雪冰冻灾害，给经济造成重大损失，给群众生活带来很大困难。要继续做好灾后重建工作，把灾害的损失减少到最低程度。要以电网恢复重建为重点抓紧修复基础设施，尽快恢复农业生产，加强煤电油运协调工作，妥善安排受灾地区群众生活。同时，要从这次特大的自然灾害中，认真总结经验教训。加强电力、交通、通信等基础设施建设，提高抗灾和保障能力；加强应急体系和机制建设，提高预防和处置突发事件的能力；加强对现代条件下自然灾害特点和规律的研究，提高防灾减灾能力。 (二)加强农业基础建设，促进农业发展和农民增收

今年，要千方百计争取农业有个好收成，努力增加农民收入，推进社会主义新农村建设。突出抓好三件事：一是大力发展粮食生产，保障农产品供给。粮食安全，关系经济社会发展全局，关系人民群众切身利益，丝毫不能放松粮食生产。要切实稳定粮食种植面积，提高单产水平。加大对粮食主产区和种粮农民的扶持力度，实施粮食战略工程，加快建立粮食核心产区，全面提高粮食综合生产能力和供给保障能力。农业生产既要增加总量，又要优化品种结构，促进各类重要农产品稳定增长。认真落实支持生猪、奶业、油料发展的政策措施。积极发展畜牧水产业，扶持和促进规模化健康养殖。推进农业标准化生产，提高农产品的质量安全水平。二是加强农业基础设施建设，加快完成大中型和重点小型病险水库除险加固任务。搞好小型农田水利建设，大力发展节水灌溉。加大土地开发整理复垦力度，搞好中低产田改造，提高耕地质量，建设一批高标准农田。加强农村饮水、道路、电网、通信、文化等基础设施建设，大力发展农村公共交通，改善农村人居环境。今年要再解决3200万农村人口的安全饮水问题，增加500万农村沼气用户，支持建设一批大中型沼气项目。三是拓宽农民增收渠道。加快发展高产优质高效生态安全农业，支持农业产业化经营和龙头企业发展，加强农村现代市场流通体系建设，壮大和提升农村二三产业，发展乡镇企业，增强县域经济实力。加强农村职业教育和技能培训，提高农民转移就业能力，发展劳务经济。加大扶贫开发力度，继续减少贫困人口。

主要措施是：一要大力增加投入。今年财政支农投入的增量要明显高于上年，国家固定资产投资用于农村的增量要明显高于上年，政府土地出让收入用于农村建设的增量要明显高于上年。调整耕地占用税的使用方向，改革城市建设维护税使用办法，增加农村建设投入。今年中央财政安排“三农”支出5625亿元，比上年增加1307亿元。

二要强化和完善农业支持政策。增加粮食直补，农资综合直补。扩大良种补贴规模和范围增加农机具购置补贴种类，提高补贴标准，从今年起农机具购置补贴覆盖到所有农业县。根据情况提高粮食最低收购价。

三要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度，特别是加强基本农田保护。按土地利用总体规划从严审查调整各类规划的用地规模和标准，严格执行土地用途管制制度，依法严格管理农村集体和个人建设用地，坚决制止违法违规占用耕地和林地的行为。

四要完善农业科技推广和服务体系。加强农业科技创新和成果转化，强化以公益性为主的多元化农业技术推广服务。加快推进农业机械化。加强良种、信息、农产品质量安全和防灾减灾体系建设，搞好动物疫病和植物病虫害防控。扩大测土配方施肥规模。

五要全面推进农村改革。加快农村综合改革步伐。采取多种有效措施，积极稳妥地化解乡村债务。中央和地方将增加财政投入，用三年左右时间基本化解农村义务教育历史债务。坚持农村基本经营制度，稳定和完善土地承包关系，按照依法自愿有偿原则，健全土地承包经营权流转市场，有条件的地方可以发展多种形式的适度规模经营。大力发展农民专业合作组织。全面推进集体林权制度改革。

(三)推进经济结构调整，转变发展方式

坚持扩大内需方针，调整投资和消费关系，促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变。关键是合理控制固定资产投资规模，着力优化投资结构。坚持严把土地、信贷闸门和市场准入标准，特别是要加强和规范新开工项目管理，严格执行项目新开工条件。坚决控制高耗能、高排放和产能过剩行业盲目投资和重复建设，提高限制发展行业的准入标准和项目资本金比例。违法违规建设项目要坚决停建。加大对经济社会发展薄弱环节、重点领域和中西部地区的支持力度。从严控制新增建设用地特别是工业用地，今年土地利用计划总规模控制在去年水平。要适应新形势、新情况，加强和改进对社会各类投资活动的引导、调控和监管。

坚持把推进自主创新作为转变发展方式的中心环节。要认真落实国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，全面启动和组织实施大型飞机、水体污染控制与治理、大型油气田及煤层气开发等国家重大专项。实施基础研究、高技术研究和科技支撑计划。着力突破新能源汽车、高速轨道交通、工农业节水等一批重大关键技术。推进国家创新体系建设，重点建设一批国家实验室、国家工程中心、面向企业的创新支撑平台和企业技术中心，加强科技基础能力建设。深化科技管理体制改革，统筹和优化科技资源配置。今年中央财政将安排科技支出1134亿元，比上年增加134亿元。完善和落实支持自主创新的政策，充分发挥企业作为技术创新主体的作用，鼓励、引导企业增加研发投入。加大政府采购对自主创新产品的支持力度。扩大创业风险和投资试点范围。实施知识产权战略，加强国际科技合作。

推进产业结构优化升级。坚持走中国特色新型工业化道路，推进信息化与工业化融合。着力发展高新技术产业，大力振兴装备制造业，改造和提升传统产业，加快发展服务业特别是现代服务业。继续实施新型显示器、宽带通信与网络、生物医药等一批重大高技术产业专项。充分发挥国家高新技术开发区的集聚、引领和辐射作用。围绕大型清洁高效发电设备、高档数控机床和基础制造装备等关键领域，推进重大装备、关键零部件及元器件自主研发和国产化。加强地质工作，提高资源勘查开发水平。积极发展现代能源原材料产业和综合运输体系。

促进区域协调发展。深入推进西部大开发，开工建设一批重点工程，支持重点地区优化开发。继续搞好天然林保护、防沙治沙、石漠化治理，落实退耕还林后续政策。组织实施东北地区振兴规划，支持先进装备制造业发展和资源枯竭型地区经济转型。编制和实施促进中西部崛起计划，落实并完善相关政策。鼓励东部地区率先发展，着力提升国际竞争力。进一步加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展的扶持力度。制定并实施主体功能区规划和政策。

(四)加大节能减排和环境保护力度，做好产品质量安全工作

今年是完成“十一五”节能减排约束性目标的关键一年，务必增强紧迫感，加大攻坚力度，力求取得更大成效。一是落实电力、钢铁、水泥、煤炭、造纸等行业淘汰落后生产能力计划。建立淘汰落后产能退出机制，完善和落实关闭企业的配套政策措施。同时，按照规划加强这些行业先进生产能力的建设。

二是抓好重点企业节能和重点工程建设。加快十大重点节能工程实施进度。提高城镇污水处理能力，力争用两年的时间在36个大城市率先实现污水的全部收集和处理。适当提高排污费、污水处理费和垃圾处理费标准。完善和严格执行建筑标准，大力推进墙体材料革新和建筑节能。稳步推进城镇供热体制和市政公用事业改革。

三是开发和推广节约、替代、循环利用资源和治理污染的先进适用技术，实施节能减排重大技术和示范工程。大力发展节能服务产业和环保业。开发风能、太阳能等清洁、可再生能源。

四是做好“三河三湖”、南水北调水源及沿线、三峡库区和松花江等重点流域污染防治工作，实施渤海环境保护总体规划。提高重点流域水污染物的国家排放标准。

五是加强农村饮用水水源地保护，推进农村生活污染治理，严格控制农村地区工业污染，加强畜禽、水产养殖污染治理，控制农业面源污染。

六是鼓励和支持发展循环经济，促进再生资源回收利用。全面推行清洁生产。

七是加强土地、水、草原、森林、矿产等资源的保护和节约集约利用，严厉查处乱采滥挖矿产资源等违法违规行为。搞好海洋资源保护和合理利用，发展海洋经济。加强气象、地震、测绘基础研究和能力建设。

八是实施应对气候变化国家方案，加强应对气候变化能力建设。

九是完善能源资源节约和环境保护奖惩机制。执行节能减排统计监测制度，健全审计、监察体系、加强执法力度，强化节能减排工作责任制。

十是增强全社会生态文明观念，动员全体人民更加积极投身于资源节约型、环境友好型社会建设。节约资源和环境保护要一代一代人持之以恒地进行下去，让我们的祖国山更绿，水更清，天更蓝。

加强产品质量安全工作。一是加快产品质量安全标准制定和修订。今年要完成7700多项食品、药品和其他消费品安全国家标准的制定修改工作，健全食品、药品和其他消费品安全标准体系；食品、消费品安全性能要求及其检测方法标准，都要采用国际标准。出口产品除符合国家标准外，还要符合进口国标准和技术法规的要求。二是完善产品质量安全法制保障。加快制定修订涉及产品质量安全的法规，完善行政执法与刑事司法紧密衔接的机制，加强对违法违规企业的惩处力度。三是健全产品质量安全监管体系。严格执行生产许可、强制认证、注册备案制度，严把市场准入关。提高涉及人身健康和安全产品的生产许可条件和市场准入门槛。加强食品、药品等重点监管工作，严把进出口商量质量关。认真落实产品质量安全责任制。我们一定要让人民群众吃得放心、用得安心，让出口产品享有良好信誉。

(五)深化经济体制改革，提高对外开放水平

今年是改革开放30周年，改革开放使中国发生了历史性的巨大变化。我们仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，进一步解放和发展生产力，进一步促进社会公平正义，实现全面建设小康社会和国家现代化的宏伟目标，必须继续坚定不移地推进改革开放。今年着重抓好以下几个方面：

推进国有企业改革，完善所有制结构。继续推动国有资本调整和国有企业重组。深化国有企业公司制股份制改革。完善公司法人治理结构。做好政策性关闭破产和主辅分离、辅业改制工作。扩大国有资本经营预算制度试点。深化垄断行业改革，引入竞争机制，加强政府监管和社会监督。严格规范国有企业改制和国有产权转让，防止国有资产流失，保障职工合法权益。推进集体企业改革，发展多种形式的集体经济、合作经济。认真落实鼓励、支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发展的各项政策，尤其要解决市场准入和融资支持等方面的问题。

深化财税体制改革，加快公共财政体系建设。改革预算制度，强化预算管理和监督。完善财政转移支付制度，提高一般性转移支付规模和比例。积极推进省以下财政体制改革。全面实施新的企业所得税法。改革资源税费制度，完善资源的有偿使用制度和生态环境的补偿机制。继续推进增值税转型改革试点，研究制定在全国范围内实施方案。

加快金融体制改革，加强金融监管。继续深化银行业改革，重点推进中国农业银行股份制改革和国家开发银行改革。建立存款保险制度。加快农村金融改革，强化中国农业银行、中国农业发展银行和中国邮政储蓄银行为“三农”服务的功能，继续深化农村信用社改革，积极推进新型的农村金融机构发展。优化资本市场结构，促进股票市场稳定健康发展，着力提高上市公司质量，维护公开公平公正的市场秩序，建立创业板市场，加快发展债券市场，稳步发展期货市场深化保险业改革，积极扩大农业保险的范围，做好政策性农业保险试点工作。依法严厉查处各种金融违法违规行为。切实防范和化解金融风险，维护金融稳定和安全。

拓展对外开放广度和深度，提高开放型经济水平。在保持出口平稳增长的同时，加快转变外贸发展方式，优化出口结构，鼓励自主知识产权和自主品牌的产品出口，提高出口产品质量、档次和附加值。扩大服务出口，发展服务外包。积极扩大进口，重点增加先进技术装备、重要原材料和关键零部件及元器件的进口。优化利用外资产业结构和地区布局，稳步推进服务业的对外开放。限制和禁止高耗能、高排放和部分资源性外资项目，切实纠正招商引资中违法违规的做法。创新对外投资和合作的方式，完善和落实支持企业“走出去”的政策措施。加强多双边和区域经济合作。继续推进自由贸易区的谈判，认真实施已签署的协定。维护公平的国际贸易秩序。

在推进改革开放中，要加快现代市场的体系建设，大力发展现代流通，深入整顿和规范市场秩序，推进社会信用制度建设。

(六)更加注重社会建设，着力保障和改善民生

坚持优先发展教育。一是在全国城乡普遍实行免费义务教育。继续增加农村义务教育公用经费，提高保障水平。适当提高农村家庭经济困难寄宿生生活补助费的补助标准。认真落实保障经济困难家庭、进城务工人员子女平等接受义务教育的措施。在试点的基础上，从今年秋季起全面免除城市义务教育学杂费，这是推动义务教育均衡发展、促进教育公平的又一重大举措。二是大力发展职业教育。加强职业教育基础能力建设，深化职业教育管理、办学、投入等体制改革，培养高素质技能型人才。三是提高高等教育质量。优化学科专业结构，推进高水平大学和重点学科建设。普通高校招生增量继续向中西部地区倾斜。

办好各级各类教育，必须抓好三项工作：一要全面实施素质教育，推进教育改革创新。深化教学内容和方式、考试和招生制度、质量评价制度等改革。切实减轻中小学生的课业负担。二要加强教师队伍特别是农村教师队伍建设，完善和落实教师工资、津补贴制度。三要加大教育事业投入。今年中央财政用于教育的投入，将由去年的1076亿元增加到1562亿元；地方财政也都要增加投入。进一步规范教育收费。鼓励和规范民办教育发展。没有全民教育的普及和提高，便没有国家现代化的未来。要让孩子们上好学，办好人民满意的教育，提高全民族的素质。

推进卫生事业改革和发展。重点抓好四件事：一是加快推进覆盖城乡居民的医疗保障制度建设。扩大城镇职工基本医疗保险覆盖面；城镇居民基本医疗保险试点要扩大到全国50%以上的城市；在全国农村全面推行新型农村合作医疗制度，用两年时间将筹资标准由每人每年50元提高到100元，其中中央和地方财政对参合农民补助标准由40元提高到80元。健全城乡医疗救助制度。二是完善公共卫生服务体系。抓好重大疾病防治，落实扩大国家传染病免疫规划范围的政策措施，加大对艾滋病、结核病、血吸虫病等疾病患者的免费治疗力度。加强地方病、职业病、精神病防治。做好妇幼保健工作。在中西部地区农村实行住院分娩补助政策。健全公共卫生服务经费保障机制。三是推进城乡医疗服务体系建设。重点健全农村三级卫生服务网络和城市社区医疗卫生服务体系。加大全科医护人员和乡村医生培养的力度，鼓励高素质人才到基层服务。开展公立医院改革试点。制定和实施扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展的措施。四是建立国家基本药物制度和药品供应保障体系，保证群众基本用药和用药安全，控制药品价格上涨。今年中央财政将安排832亿元，比上年增加167亿元，支持卫生事业改革和发展，重点向农村和基层倾斜。

去年以来，国务院组织力量研究深化医药卫生体制改革问题，已经制定一个初步方案，将向社会公开征求意见。改革的基本目标是：坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质，建立基本医疗卫生制度，为群众提供安全、有效、方便、价廉的基本医疗卫生服务。我们要坚定地推进这项改革，让人人享有基本医疗卫生服务。

加强人口和计划生育工作。稳定现行生育政策和低生育水平，提高出生人口素质，综合治理出生人口性别比偏高问题。全面实施计划生育家庭特别扶助制度，扩大实施农村计划生育家庭奖励制度和少生快富工程范围，提高奖励扶助标准。加强流动人口计划生育服务管理。

重视发展老龄事业，切实保障妇女和未成年人权益，关心和支持残疾人事业。

努力扩大就业。认真贯彻执行就业促进法和劳动合同法。坚持实施积极的就业政策，落实以创业带动就业的方针，加强就业和创业培训，鼓励自谋职业和自主创业，支持创办小型企业。加快建设城乡统一规范的人力资源市场，完善公共就业服务体系，促进形成城乡劳动者平等就业制度。加强高校毕业生就业指导和服务。深化退役军人安置制度改革。完善就业援助制度，落实促进残疾人就业政策，建立帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难的长效机制。督促各类企业同劳动者依法签订并履行劳动合同。加强劳动争议处理和劳动保障监察，严厉打击各种非法用工行为。在世界上人口最多的国家解决就业问题，是一项极为艰巨的任务。我们要用百倍的努力，把这项关系民生之本的大事做好。

增加城乡居民收入。关键要调整国民收入分配格局，深化收入分配制度改革，逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。一是多渠道增加农民收入，确保农民工工资按时足额发放，适当提高扶贫的标准。二是提高企业职工工资的水平，建立企业职工工资正常增长和支付保障机制。推动企业建立工资集体协商制度，完善工资指导线制度，健全并落实最低工资制度。改革国有企业工资总额管理办法，加强对垄断行业企业工资监管。三是从今年1月1日起，再连续三年进一步提高企业退休人员基本养老金水平。四是深化公务员工资制度改革，继续做好规范公务员津贴补贴工作。加快推进事业单位收入分配制度改革。五是落实职工带薪年休假制度。同时要进一步完善消费政策，拓宽服务消费领域，稳定居民消费预期，扩大即期消费。只有把经济发展的成果合理分配到群众手中，才能得到广大群众的拥护，才能促进社会的和谐稳定。

完善社会保障体系。坚持实行广覆盖、保基本、多层次、可持续的方针。一要做好社会保险扩面和基金征缴工作。重点扩大农民工、非公有制经济组织从业人员、城镇灵活就业人员参加社会保险。努力解决关闭破产企业退休人员和困难企业职工参加基本医疗保险问题。二要推进社会保险制度改革。完善社会统筹与个人账户相结合的企业职工基本养老保险制度，扩大做实养老保险个人账户试点，加快省级统筹步伐，制定全国统一的社会保险关系转续办法。规范发展企业年金制度。探索事业单位基本养老保险制度改革。抓紧制定适合农民工特点的养老保险办法。鼓励各地开展农村养老保险试点。加快完善失业、工伤、生育保险制度。三要采取多种方式充实社会保障基金，强化基金监管，确保基金安全，实现保值增值。四要健全社会救助体系。重点完善城乡居民最低生活保障制度，建立与经济增长和物价水平相适应的救助标准调整机制。健全临时救助制度。同时，积极发展社会福利事业。鼓励和支持慈善事业发展。做好优抚安置工作。加强防灾减灾救灾工作。为加快社会保障体系建设，今年中央财政将安排2762亿元，比上年增加458亿元。建立和完善覆盖城乡的社会保障体系，让人民生活无后顾之忧，直接关系经济社会发展，是全面建设小康社会的一项重大任务。

抓紧建立住房保障体系。总的指导原则是：(1)坚持从我国人多地少的基本国情出发，建立科学、合理的住房建设和消费模式。大力发展省地节能环保型住宅，增加中小套型住房供给，引导居民适度消费。(2)坚持正确发挥政府和市场的作用，政府主要制定住房规划和政策，搞好土地合理供应、集约利用和管理，重点发展面向中低收入家庭的住房。高收入家庭的住房需求主要通过市场调节解决。(3)坚持加强对房地产市场的调控和监管，规范和维护市场秩序，促进房地产业持续稳定健康发展。今年要采取四项措施：一要健全廉租住房制度，加快廉租住房建设，增加房源供给，加强经济适用住房建设和管理，积极解决城市低收入群众住房困难。今年中央用于廉租住房制度建设的资金68亿元，比去年增加17亿元；地方各级政府都要增加这方面的投入。同时，要积极改善农民工居住条件。二要增加中低价位、中小套型普通商品住房供应，建立多渠道投融资机制，通过多种途径帮助中等收入家庭解决住房问题。合理调整城市土地供给结构，增加中小套型住房用地。三要综合运用税收、信贷、土地等手段，完善住房公积金制度，增加住房有效供给，抑制不合理需求，防止房价过快上涨。四要加强市场监管，严格房地产企业市场准入和退出条件。依法查处闲置囤积土地、房源和炒地炒房行为。同时，要加强农村住房建设规划和管理，切实解决农村困难群众住房安全问题。我们要坚定不移地推进住房改革和建设，让人民群众安居乐业。 (七)深化文化体制改革，推动文化大发展大繁荣

2008年奥运会和残奥会即将在北京举办。这是全体中华儿女的共同期盼，对于促进我国经济社会发展、增进中国人民同世界各国人民的友谊与合作，具有重要意义。要扎实做好各项筹备和组织工作，加强国际合作，创造良好环境，确保成功举办一届有特色、高水平的体育盛会。

(八)加强社会主义民主法制建设，促进社会公平正义

全面落实依法治国基本方略。加强政府立法，提高立法质量。今年要重点加强改善民生、推进社会建设、节约能源资源、保护生态环境等方面的立法。政府立法工作要广泛听取意见。制定与群众利益密切相关的行政法规、规章，原则上都要公布草案，向社会公开征求意见。合理界定和调整行政法规执法权限，强化行政执法监督，全面落实行政执法责任制。健全市县政府依法行政制度。加强对行政收费的规范管理，改革和完善司法、执法的财政保障机制。加强法规、规章和规范性文件的备案审查工作。健全行政复议体制，完善行政补偿和行政赔偿制度。做好法律服务和法律援助工作。深入开展法制宣传教育，在全社会形成自觉学法守法用法的良好氛围。

完善社会管理。加强社会组织建设，健全基层社会管理体制。做好信访工作，完善信访制度。健全社会矛盾调解机制，妥善处理人民内部矛盾，维护群众合法权益。完善社会治安防控体系，加强社会治安综合治理，深入开展平安创建活动。改革和加强城乡社区警务工作，加强流动人口服务和管理。集中整治突出的治安问题和治安混乱地区，依法防范和打击违法犯罪活动，保障人民生命财产安全，确保社会大局稳定。加强国家安全工作。

强化安全生产工作。加大源头治理力度，遏制重特大安全事故的发生。巩固和发展煤矿瓦斯治理和整顿关闭两个攻坚战成果，继续开展重点行业领域安全专项整治。加强对各类安全事故隐患排查和整治工作，健全重大隐患治理、重大危险源监控制度，完善预报、预警、预防和应急救援体系。依法加强监管，严肃查处安全生产事故。

(九)加快行政管理体制改革，加强政府自身建设

行政管理体制改革是深化改革的重要环节，是政治体制改革的重要内容，也是完善社会主义市场经济体制的必然要求。改革的总原则和要求是：坚持以人为本、执政为民，坚持同发展社会主义民主政治、发展社会主义市场经济相适应，坚持科学民主决策、依法行政、加强行政监督，坚持管理创新和制度创新，坚持发挥中央和地方两个积极性。要着力转变职能、理顺关系、优化结构、提高效能，形成权责一致、分工合理、决策科学、执行顺畅、监管有力的行政管理体制。

第一，加快转变政府职能。这是深化行政管理体制改革的核心。健全政府职责体系，全面正确地履行政府职能，努力建设服务型政府。在加强和改善经济调节、市场监管的同时，更加注重社会管理和公共服务，维护社会公正和社会秩序，促进基本公共服务均等化。重视发挥行业协会、商会等组织的作用。

第二，深化政府机构改革。这次国务院机构改革方案，主要围绕转变职能，合理配置宏观调控部门的职能，调整和完善行业管理机构，加强社会管理和公共服务部门，探索实行职能有机统一的大部门体制；针对职责交叉、权责脱节问题，明确界定部门分工和权限，理顺部门职责关系，健全部门间的协调配合机制。国务院机构改革方案将提交本次大会审议。

第三，完善行政监督制度。坚持用制度管权、管事、管人。加强行政权力监督，规范行政许可行为。强化政府层级监督，充分发挥监察、审计等专门监督的作用。自觉接受社会各个方面的监督。推行行政问责制度和政府绩效管理制度。切实加强公务员队伍建设。严肃法纪政纪，坚决改变有令不行、有禁不止的现象。大力推行政务公开，健全政府信息发布制度，完善各类公开办事制度，提高政府工作透明度，创造条件让人民更有效地监督政府。

第四，加强廉政建设。要把反腐倡廉建设放在更加突出的位置，旗帜鲜明地反对腐败。坚持标本兼治、综合治理、惩防并举、注重预防的方针，扎实推进惩治和预防腐败体系建设。特别要解决权力过分集中和缺乏制约的问题。从根本上加强制度建设，规范财政转移支付、土地和矿产资源开发、政府采购、国有资产转让等公共资源管理。加大专项治理力度，重点解决环境保护、食品药品安全、安全生产、土地征收征用与房屋拆迁等方面群众反映强烈的问题，坚决纠正损害群众利益的不正之风。大力提倡艰苦奋斗，坚决制止奢侈浪费。严肃查处各类违法违纪案件，深入开展治理商业贿赂，依法严惩腐败分子，决不姑息。各位代表！

我国是统一的多民族国家，必须坚持各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展。坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，促进少数民族和民族地区经济社会发展，巩固和发展平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，落实宗教事务条例，发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。做好新时期侨务工作，进一步发挥海外侨胞和归侨侨眷在祖国现代化建设与和平统一大业中的作用。

加强国防和军队建设，是发展中国特色社会主义的战略任务，必须统筹经济建设和国防建设，在推进现代化事业进程中实现富国和强军的统一。要坚持以毛泽东军事思想、邓小平新时期军队建设思想、江泽民国防和军队建设思想为指导，认真落实胡锦涛同志关于新形势下国防和军队建设重要论述，把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针。着眼全面履行新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，提高军队应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事任务的能力，坚决维护国家主权、安全和领土完整，为全面建设小康社会提供强有力的保障。加强人民武装警察部队建设，提高执勤、处置突发事件、反恐维稳的能力。加强国防教育，增强全民国防观念。完善国防动员体系。巩固军政军民团结。

坚定不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照特别行政区基本法办事；全力支持香港、澳门两个特别行政区政府依法施政；进一步加强内地与两个特别行政区在经贸、科技、教育、文化、卫生、体育等领域的交流合作。我们坚信，香港、澳门同胞一定能够把香港、澳门管理和建设得更好。

坚持“和平统

一、一国两制”的基本方针和新形势下发展两岸关系、促进祖国和平统一的各项政策，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展的主题，鼓励两岸同胞加强交往、增进共识，积极促进两岸经济文化交流，推动直接“三通”。实施和充实惠及广大台湾同胞的政策措施，支持海峡西岸和其他台商投资相对集中地区的经济发展。争取在一个中国的基础上尽快恢复两岸协商谈判，解决两岸同胞关心的重大问题。坚决反对“台独”分裂活动，绝不允许任何人以名义任何方式把台湾从祖国分割出去。任何涉及中国主权和领土完整的问题，必须由包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民共同决定。“台独”分裂势力企图改变大陆和台湾同属一个中国的现状，破坏台海和平，是注定要失败的。两岸统一是中华民族走向伟大复兴的历史必然。海内外中华儿女共同奋斗，一定能够完成祖国统一大业！

在新的一年，我们要高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持和平发展的道路，坚持互利共赢的开放战略，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。要努力发展同发达国家的关系，全面深化同周边国家的睦邻友好关系，大力加强同发展中国家的团结合作，积极开展多边外交，推动重大热点问题和全球性问题的妥善解决，维护我国公民和法人在海外的合法权益。中国政府和人民愿同各国人民一道，共同分享发展机遇，共同应对风险挑战，共同推进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。

各位代表！

回顾五年的成就，令人鼓舞；展望未来发展，催人奋进。伟大的祖国已迈上新的历史征程，前景无限美好。让我们在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，解放思想，改革创新，扎实工作，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而努力奋斗！

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the First Seion of the Eleventh National

People\'s Congre on March 5, 2008

Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council

Fellow Deputies,

I.Review of the Work of the Past Five Years

The past five years since the First Seion of the Tenth National People\'s Congre was a momentous period.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), governments at all levels and people of all the ethnic groups in China diligently followed the guiding principles set out at the Sixteenth CPC National Congre and worked in concert and with dedication.We vigorously responded to the complex and volatile international environment, strove to overcome various difficulties hindering economic and social development, and prevailed over the sudden and severe outbreak of SARS and catastrophic natural disasters such as the recent snow and ice storms in the south that the region has rarely seen before.We made major achievements in reform, opening up and modernization, which attracted the attention of the world.

– The economy reached a new high.China\'s GDP in 2007 reached 24.66 trillion yuan, an increase of 65.5% over 2002 and an average annual increase of 10.6%, rising from the sixth highest one in the world to the fourth.Total government revenue reached 5.13 trillion yuan, a 171% increase over 2002.Our foreign exchange reserves exceeded US$ 1.52 trillion.

– The agricultural tax was rescinded, ending the centuries-old practice of farmers paying taxes.China\'s grain output rose four consecutive years to reach 501.5 million tons in 2007.

– Progre was made in developing democracy and the legal system and in enhancing law-based government.Greater efforts were made to safeguard people\'s rights and interests and ensure social fairne and justice.

– People\'s living standards improved significantly.Fifty-one million urban jobs were created over the past five years.Urban per capita annual disposable income rose from 7,703 yuan in 2002 to 13,786 yuan in 2007, and rural per capita annual net income rose from 2,476 yuan to 4,140 yuan during the same period.The basic framework for a social safety net for both urban and rural areas was put in place.The number of people living in poverty was reduced every year.

All these improvements fully demonstrate that during the past five-year period great strides were made in carrying out reform and opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this time the productive forces and overall national strength were significantly improved, social programs were comprehensively developed, people received even greater benefits and China\'s international standing and influence constantly grew.

We endeavored to make macroeconomic regulation more proactive, responsive and effective, with the focus on resolving major problems affecting economic operation.Over the past few years, we tightened controls on the supplies of land and credit, raised market acce requirements, adjusted financial and monetary policies as needed, improved industrial policies and the land policy, adjusted the economic structure, shored up weak links and effectively regulated economic operation to addre problems such as overheated growth in fixed aet investment, exceive supplies of money and credit, exceively large trade surplus, and weakne in agriculture, the foundation of the economy, which could cause economic development to become unstable, unbalanced and unsustainable.In response to changes in the economy, we have repeatedly made timely adjustments in the required reserve ratio and the benchmark interest rates for savings and loans in financial institutions and rescinded or reduced export tax rebates for resource products and products whose production is energy intensive or highly polluting.These macroeconomic regulatory measures produced significant results, and China\'s economy maintained steady and rapid development throughout the five-year period, without experiencing major fluctuations.

We adopted a series of major measures related to institutions, policies and investment to increase grain production and rural incomes as a matter of priority and strengthen agriculture as the foundation of the economy.We completely rescinded the agricultural tax, livestock tax and tax on special agricultural products throughout China, reducing the burden on farmers by an average of 133.5 billion yuan per year.In addition, we set up a subsidy scheme for agriculture, instituting direct subsidies for grain producers, subsidies for superior crop varieties, subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, and general subsidies for agricultural production supplies and providing incentives to major grain-producing counties and subsidies to counties and townships with serious financial difficulties.Investment in agriculture and rural areas was greatly increased.Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers reached 1.6 trillion yuan over the past five years, including nearly 300 billion yuan that was used for developing rural infrastructure.Local governments also substantially increased their input.During the five-year period, an additional 6.667 million hectares of farmland was equipped with water-saving irrigation facilities, methane gas was made available to 16.5 million more households, 1.3 million kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded, and safe drinking water was provided to an additional 97.48 million rural residents.A system for the prevention and control of major animal diseases was set up, and the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza was prevented.These measures greatly encouraged farmers to grow more, gave a strong impetus to the development of a new socialist countryside and brought historic changes to rural China to the great satisfaction of hundreds of millions of rural people.Agricultural development played an important role in ensuring the overall stability and development of China\'s economy and society.

We formulated the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, which contains comprehensive plans for the development of science and technology in China from 2006 through 2020 and calls for the launching of a number of major projects.This will have an important and far-reaching impact on efforts to strengthen China\'s capacity for independent innovation and make it an innovative country.Work in basic research and research in leading-edge technologies was intensified; a number of major innovations such as high-performance computers, third generation mobile communications, and super-hybrid rice were achieved; and a number of products that are competitive and carry Chinese intellectual property rights were developed.The central government spent 340.6 billion yuan on science and technology over the past five years.China\'s total investment in research, experimentation and development rose from the 128.8 billion yuan of 2002 to 366.4 billion yuan in 2007, with its share in the GDP rising from 1.07% to 1.49%.Major progre was made in developing a system for technological innovation in which enterprises play a key role.The capacity of scientific and technological innovation to sustain and boost economic and social development was markedly increased.

We formulated and implemented a series of industrial policies and special plans designed to improve and upgrade the industrial structure.Development of new and high technology industries in information, biology, aerospace, new energy sources, new materials and oceanography was accelerated.Efforts to boost the equipment manufacturing industry produced significant results.Development of modern service industries such as tourism, banking and distribution was accelerated.Great progre was made in the development of infrastructure and basic industries, marked by the completion of or smooth progre on a number of major projects.The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened to traffic a year ahead of time; the Three Gorges Project is fully playing its designed role in flood prevention, power generation and shipping; the projects to send electricity and gas from China\'s western region to the eastern region are fully operational; the project to divert water from southern China to northern China is progreing smoothly; and construction has been started on a number of major projects such as the Xiluodu Hydroelectric Plant, Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, a ten million-ton capacity oil refinery and a million-ton capacity ethylene plant.Major progre has been made in the prospecting and development of the Puguang Gas Field and the Nanpu Oldfield.Newly added power-generating capacity over the five years totaled 350 million kW, equivalent to all the capacity added between 1950 and 2002.A total of 192,000 kilometers of highways were built, including 28,000 kilometers of expreways.A total of 6,100 kilometers of new railway lines went into operation.An additional 568 berths that can handle ships larger than 10,000 tons were completed.The number of telecommunications users was increased by 494 million.All of the above measures effectively improved the capacity of the energy, transportation and communications sectors and strengthened the basis for further economic and social development.

We gave high priority to conserving resources and protecting the environment.Obligatory targets for saving energy and reducing emiions were set in the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.In the last two years, a general work plan for saving energy and reducing emiions was introduced; a system of targets for this work, a monitoring system, a system for aeing work performance and a system of accountability for reaching the targets were put in place; and a state plan to addre climate change was promulgated.A large number of backward production facilities were shut down in accordance with the law.They include small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 21.57 million kW, 11,200 small coal mines, backward iron smelting facilities with a total capacity of 46.59 million tons, backward steel plants with a total capacity of 37.47 million tons and cement plants with a total capacity of 87 million tons.Ten major energy-saving projects were launched.Breakthroughs were made in carrying out desulfurizing projects for coal-fired power plants.The central government provided financial support for 691 projects to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys.Work continued on ecological conservation projects such as those to protect natural forests and control the factors causing sandstorms in Beijing and Tianjin.During the five-year period, the area of farmland retired for forestation and other lands planted with trees amounted to 31.91 million hectares, and grazing land returned to natural gralands totaled 34.6 million hectares.Protection of land and water resources was strengthened, with a total of 1.526 million hectares of farmland being upgraded, reclaimed or newly developed over the last five years.Thanks to the strong efforts of the whole country, encouraging progre was made in conserving energy and reducing emiions.In 2007 there was a 3.27% year-on-year drop in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and for the first time in recent years there was a reduction in both chemical oxygen demand and the total emiion of sulfur dioxide, with the former down 3.14% and the latter down 4.66% from the previous year.People became more aware of the importance of conserving resources and protecting the environment and made greater efforts in this area.

We followed a master strategy for regional development.Continued progre was made in the large-scale development of the western region, with central government financial support for key projects totaling over 280 billion yuan over the last five years.Substantial progre was made in infrastructure development and ecological and environmental conservation projects, and development of key areas and industries with local advantages was accelerated.We formulated and implemented the strategy of rejuvenating the old industrial bases such as northeast China, increased efforts to develop large grain production bases, made breakthroughs in reforming, reorganizing and upgrading SOEs, made major progre in using domestically-produced key equipment in place of imports, and made smooth headway in the trial to transform the economies of cities dependent on resource exploitation.The old industrial bases are now showing new signs of vitality.We formulated and implemented policies and measures to promote development in the central region and made accelerated progre in developing modern agriculture in major grain-producing areas.Major energy and raw material industries, the equipment manufacturing industry and the overall transportation system were further developed.The eastern region continued to lead in development, with significant gains in economic strength and overall improvement.The proce of developing and opening up the special economic zones, the Shanghai Pudong New Area and the Tianjin Binhai New Area was accelerated.These major measures promoted a better distribution and more balanced development of regional economies.2.Working hard on reform and opening up, concentrating on institutional development and innovation.

Continued progre was made in improving the basic economic system.We consolidated and developed the public sector of the economy, made progre in reform of the management system for state-owned aets and adjustment of the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy, and set up and improved a system for investors of state aets.We accelerated the reform to institute a stockholding system in SOEs, and a number of large companies and conglomerates with the ability to compete internationally were formed.Reform of the postal service system proceeded smoothly, and encouraging progre was made in reforming the power, telecommunications, civil aviation and railway industries.The total value of aets of Chinese SOEs in 2006 grew by 60.98% compared to 2002, their total profits increased by 223%, and their tax contributions grew by 105%.The vitality of the state sector and its impact and influence on the economy as a whole were greatly enhanced.We formulated and implemented a series of policies and measures to foster a legal framework and market environment conducive to fair competition, and encouraged, supported and guided the development of the nonpublic sector, which includes individual-proprietorship businees and private enterprises.As a result, the nonpublic sector of the economy is playing an increasingly bigger role in stimulating economic growth, creating jobs, increasing tax revenue, and invigorating the market.

We vigorously promoted reform of the banking, fiscal and taxation systems.We resolutely carried out reform addreing the poor performance and greater financial risks of state-owned commercial banks.The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the Bank of China, the China Construction Bank and the Bank of Communications were turned into stockholding companies and listed on stock markets.This brought about significant improvement in the quality of their aets and profitability as well as major changes in the banking industry.We resolutely carried out reform of the shareholder structure in listed companies and resolved this longstanding institutional problem that hindered the development of the securities market.Key state-owned insurance firms were reorganized and went public, promoting rapid development of the insurance industry.Substantive progre was made in making interest rates more market-based.We reformed the RMB exchange rate regime to gradually make the exchange rate more flexible.Comprehensive progre was made in reform of the system for managing foreign exchange.Reform of the fiscal and taxation systems was deepened, and the system of transfer payments and the system of public finance were steadily improved.The central government turned over 4.25 trillion yuan in transfer payments to local governments from 2003 to 2007, with 87% of it allocated to the central and western regions.A budget system for managing state capital was introduced in some enterprises on a trial basis.We launched and expanded trials to reform the value-added tax.The income tax systems for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises were unified.A unified state civil servant salary system based on both position and rank was set up, and the system of subsidies and allowances was basically standardized.Further progre was made in reform of the investment system and pricing system.

We continued to open China wider to the outside world.We honored all the commitments we made when we entered the World Trade Organization and made all the required adjustments for the transition period.We deepened reform of the externally oriented economic system to facilitate trade and investment.We lifted controls over acce to foreign trade, greatly lowered tariffs, rescinded non-tariff measures such as import quotas and permits, and opened banking, commerce, telecommunications and other service sectors wider.There was gradual improvement in the mix of imports and exports.There was further improvement in the utilization of foreign capital.The “go global” strategy was resolutely implemented and significant results were obtained in mutually beneficial economic cooperation with other countries.3.Strengthening all aspects of social development, ensuring the wellbeing of the people and improving their lives.

Education.Public expenditures on education in China reached 2.43 trillion yuan over the five-year period, a 126% increase compared to the previous five-year period.Funding for rural compulsory education is now fully provided by the government budget.All the 150 million students receiving compulsory education in rural areas are exempt from paying tuition and miscellaneous fees and are supplied with free textbooks, and living allowances are provided to the 7.8 million students from poor families who stay in school dormitories.The plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western region was implemented on schedule.The state allocated special funds to support the renovation of dilapidated buildings at more than 22,000 rural primary and secondary schools and the building of more than 7,000 schools with student dormitory facilities.Distance education now covers 360,000 rural primary and middle schools, making quality education available to more rural students.Greater efforts were made to develop vocational education, with the student population reaching 20 million at secondary vocational schools and 8.61 million at vocational colleges in 2007.A total of 11.44 million students were enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs in regular institutions of higher learning.More effort was put into developing key disciplines in institutions of higher learning.A system of government scholarships and financial aid to students in regular undergraduate institutions, vocational colleges and secondary vocational schools was instituted and improved, and its funding from the central government budget was increased from 2.05 billion yuan in 2006 to 9.8 billion yuan in 2007.This enabled over 20% of the students in institutions of higher learning and more than 90% of the students in secondary vocational schools to benefit from financial aid and allowed schools to greatly raise the amount of aid offered.An experiment to provide free education to education students at normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education was launched in 2007.Major progre was made in providing equitable education opportunities for all.

Health.Total government expenditures on medical and health care in China over the five-year period reached 629.4 billion yuan, a 127% increase compared to the previous five-year period.The funding was mainly used to develop the public health service system, the medical service system and the medical security system, and basically complete the formation of the disease prevention and control system and emergency medical response system with a fairly comprehensive range of functions, covering both urban and rural areas.The number of diseases covered by the state plan for immunization and disease prevention was increased from 7 to 15, and AIDS, tuberculosis, schistosomiasis and other major communicable diseases are now treated free of charge.The state allocated funds to renovate or build 18,800 town and township health clinics, 786 county hospitals, 285 county traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and 534 county health centers for women and children, and equip 11,700 town and township health clinics with medical equipment, significantly improving conditions for providing medical and health care services in the countryside.More than 24,000 community health clinics were set up in China, further improving the new system of medical and health care services in urban areas.Further progre was made in carrying out population and family planning programs, and the birthrate remained stable at a low level.People\'\'s health continued to improve, infant and maternal mortality rates dropped significantly, and average life expectancy reached 73 years in 2005.These are momentous achievements for China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion.

Employment.The government continued to follow and improve the policy that strongly promotes employment and to adopt fiscal, taxation and financial measures to increase employment.Expenditures for employment programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies totaled 66.6 billion yuan over the five-year period.Urban and rural systems for providing public employment services were further strengthened.Efforts were intensified to increase employment and reemployment in a well-planned way, and training in vocational skills was comprehensively strengthened.As a result, more than ten million urban people got jobs and eight million rural workers found work in nonagricultural sectors per year on average.The problem of finding other employment opportunities for workers laid off from SOEs was basically solved, and the work of incorporating basic cost of living allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system was completed.The employment situation remained basically stable despite a large increase in the total workforce and great preure on employment.

Social safety net.Governments at all levels spent a total of 1.95 trillion yuan on building up the social safety net over the five-year period, a 141% increase compared to the previous five-year period.Continued improvement was made in the basic old-age insurance system for urban workers, with the number of participating workers exceeding 200 million in 2007, an increase of more than 54 million compared to 2002.Trials to fully fund personal accounts for basic old-age insurance were expanded to 11 province-level administrative units.Basic pensions for enterprise retirees were raised three years in a row beginning in 2005.A total of 329.5 billion yuan was allocated for old-age insurance programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies over the last five years.The number of urban workers participating in basic medical insurance reached 180 million in 2007, nearly twice the number in 2002.The trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents was launched in 88 cities.Continued improvement was made in the new system of rural cooperative medical care, which now covers 86% of all counties and 730 million rural residents in China.Funds to support the national social safety net totaled 414 billion yuan, an increase of 289.8 billion yuan over 2002.Establishment of the urban and rural emergency aid system was basically completed.The system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents was improved, with gradually rising standards and allowances.A system of basic cost of living allowances was established in all rural areas of China in 2007, covering 34.519 million rural residents.The systems provide a fundamental institution to aist poor people in urban and rural areas to meet basic living expenses.Further progre was made in developing social welfare, providing special aistance to entitled groups and developing charity programs and programs to help people with physical and mental disabilities.Efforts to combat disasters and provide disaster relief were greatly strengthened, with total expenditures from the central government budget reaching 55.1 billion yuan for the five-year period.This helped restore normal working and living conditions for disaster victims.

Personal income and consumer spending.Vigorous efforts were made to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents, especially low-income persons.The minimum wage was increased.The problem of arrears in the wages of rural migrant workers in urban areas was basically resolved.The standards for financial aid to key entitled groups were increased four times, and plans were implemented to resolve the practical problems of demobilized military personnel.The tax on interest earnings from individual savings deposits was lowered and the earnings threshold for the individual income tax was raised.There was a general increase in family aets.Upgrading of consumer spending proceeded at a faster pace, and there was a great increase in the number of family-owned cars and rapid spread in the use of cell phones, computers and Internet services.The number of people going on vacations increased several fold.There was further improvement in housing conditions, encouraging progre was made in improving conditions in shantytowns, and much more public services were made available to urban and rural residents.

Public administration.Work in this area was concentrated on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people and resolving social tensions.We formulated and implemented policies and measures for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of rural migrant workers in urban areas.We devoted a great deal of effort to resolving infringements on the interests of the public related to land expropriation and requisition, housing demolition, enterprises converting to a stockholding system and environmental protection.Improvement was made in the handling of complaints made by individuals through letters and visits.We paid very close attention to improving workplace safety and the safety oversight system, instituted a responsibility system for workplace safety and improved related legislation.The public security system for crime prevention and control was further strengthened, and overall crime control work was intensified.We combated criminal activities in accordance with the law, effectively protected China\'\'s security and maintained law and order.

We made steady progre in improving socialist democracy and the socialist legal system.Governments at all levels conscientiously accepted the oversight of the people\'s congre and its standing committee at the corresponding level; voluntarily accepted the democratic oversight by CPPCC committees; carefully listened to the views of the democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, persons without party affiliation and people\'s organizations; solicited suggestions of experts, scholars and the general public in a variety of forms; and accepted the oversight of the media and all sectors of society.Governments at all levels made public announcements and held public hearings before making major decisions.We stepped up efforts to develop autonomy in urban community and village administrative bodies and further improved the democratic system at the local level.During the past five years the State Council submitted 39 bills to the Standing Committee of the National People\'s Congre and formulated or revised 137 administrative regulations.We explored ways to set up mechanisms and systems for orderly public participation in government legislation and published 15 draft laws and drafts of administrative regulations to solicit comments from the public.We carried out a thorough review of current administrative rules and regulations.We adhered to the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and carried forward the programs to promote unity and progre among ethnic groups.The policy on freedom of religious belief was comprehensively implemented, and the administration of religious affairs was put on a more solid legal footing and further standardized.We comprehensively implemented the policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and protected the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese nationals and their relatives.

We stepped up all efforts to modernize the military.We vigorously preed ahead with the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.We adjusted and reformed the military\'s structure and staffing and its related policies and systems and smoothly cut its size by 200,000 personnel.We made historic achievements in strengthening national defense and the military.The People\'s Liberation Army and the People\'s Armed Police Force made major contributions to safeguarding China\'s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and to promoting social harmony and stability.

We adhered to the principle of “one country, two systems” and acted in strict accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region.We implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and the regions of Hong Kong and Macao.Both regions remained thriving and stable.

We resolutely opposed and foiled seceionist activities aimed at Taiwan independence, thereby protecting China\'s sovereignty and territorial integrity and safeguarding peace in the Taiwan Straits.We carried out a number of measures to make it easier for people to visit between the two sides and for economic, scientific, educational, cultural and sports exchanges to take place in order to promote the peaceful and steady development of cro-Straits relations.

We actively promoted exchange and cooperation with other countries, made major progre in conducting diplomacy on all fronts, and resolutely safeguarded and developed China\'s interests.China stepped up dialogue with the major countries and increased trust and expanded cooperation with them.China-US relations developed steadily, the China-Ruia partnership of strategic coordination reached a new height, China-Europe cooperation in all areas went from strength to strength, and China-Japan relations improved.Good-neighborly relations with surrounding countries were further strengthened, further achievements were made in regional cooperation, and China\'s solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries entered a new stage.We succefully carried out a series of major multilateral diplomatic activities.We appropriately responded to new challenges in the international arena, actively and responsibly participated in efforts to resolve global iues, and played an important and constructive role in the resolution of iues concerning international and regional hotspots.We paid close attention to self-reform and self-improvement of the government during the five-year period.This government took scientific and democratic policy-making, law-based administration and better administrative oversight as the three basic principles for its work.We formulated the Program for Advancing All Aspects of Government Administration in Accordance with the Law and promoted change in the way the government functions and innovations in management, thereby improving public administration and public services.We diligently carried out the Administrative Permit Law and promoted reform of the system of administrative examination and approval.As a result, departments of the State Council eliminated or streamlined a total of 692 items requiring examination and approval.We promoted greater openne in government affairs, improved the system for releasing information, and increased the application of e-government.Establishment of a national emergency response management system was basically completed.Oversight work such as supervision and auditing was quite effective.Further improvement was made in education and training of civil servants and in developing a legislative framework for civil-service administration.We worked unceasingly to combat corruption and improve the conduct of the government, made good progre in combating bribery in busine, uncovered a number of violations of laws and regulations and cases of neglect and dereliction of duty, and punished corrupt persons.

We learned many valuable leons in our experiences over the last five years.The main ones are as follows.

First, we must continue to liberate our thinking.Liberating our thinking and following a realistic and pragmatic approach is the Party\'s ideological line.We must proceed from reality in everything we do, eliminate superstition, break the shackles of outdated ideas, respect the people\'s pioneering spirit, boldly explore new ways, take concrete action, be creative, and keep up with the times to ensure that the cause of socialist modernization retains its great vitality.

Second, we must steadfastly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.This is a major strategic concept for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guiding principle for China\'s economic and social development.We must continue to take development as the top priority, concentrate on changing the way the economy develops, and adjust the economic structure to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth.We must always put people first, attach great importance to overall planning, and promote comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.Only by thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development can we achieve sound and rapid economic and social development and promote social harmony.

Fifth, we must continue to run the government for the people.All the power of the government comes from the people, and running the government for them is a lofty miion of governments at all levels.We must never forget that serving the people wholeheartedly is our purpose, and make sure that the aim and outcome of the work of the government is to fulfill, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people.We need to attach greater importance to ensuring the wellbeing of the people and improving their lives, in particular showing concern for urban and rural residents with low incomes and helping them make ends meet in their daily lives, in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.We must always keep in mind that everything belongs to the people, do everything for their benefit, rely on them in everything we do and attribute all our succees to their efforts.Only by doing so can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw from them the strength for ensuring succe in all our endeavors.

Sixth, we must continue to run the government in accordance with the law.Abiding by the Constitution and laws is a fundamental principle for all the work of the government.We need to exercise our power and perform our functions and responsibilities within the jurisdiction stipulated by law and in accordance with legal procedures, improve government legislative work, standardize administrative law enforcement, improve administrative oversight, develop law-based government and enhance our ability to carry out administrative functions in accordance with the law.We must ensure that government administration fully complies with the law, that power comes with responsibility, that there is proper oversight on the exercise of power, that reparation is paid for infringement of rights, that any violation of the law is prosecuted, and that power is exercised in a transparent manner.This is the only way to ensure that the power entrusted to us by the people is always exercised in their interests.We are also clearly aware that there are still many problems affecting China\'s economic and social development and the work of the government, and that changes in the domestic and international environment present many new challenges and risks.

– There are still some prominent iues and deep-rooted problems affecting economic performance.China has experienced overheated growth in fixed aet investment, exceive supplies of money and credit, and imbalance in its international payments in recent years.Longstanding structural problems and the extensive pattern of growth remain serious problems.There is a lack of balance between investment and consumption, with the investment rate still running too high.Development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is not in balance, with too much investment in primary industry, particularly heavy industry, but too little investment in the service industry.China\'s capacity for independent innovation is still weak and the price paid for economic growth in terms of resource consumption and environmental preure is too great.Agriculture, the foundation of the economy, remains weak.The difficulty of maintaining steady agricultural development and keeping the incomes of farmers increasing has grown, and the growing development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions has not been checked.In particular, the institutional factors hindering economic development remain serious, making institutional reform a daunting task.

– More work needs to be done to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.The current price hikes and increasing inflationary preures are the biggest concern of the people.Last year\'s consumer price index (CPI) rose by 4.8% year-on-year, mainly due to large increases in the cost of food and housing.There are a variety of factors behind the price increases.Though the domestic prices of farm products have remained low for many years and some of the recent price increases were therefore overdue and somewhat reasonable, price increases neverthele have a great impact on people\'s lives, especially on the lives of the low-income sector of the population.The prices of primary commodities on the international market have risen considerably in recent years, which directly puts upward preure on domestic prices.Because factors driving prices up are still at work, upward preure on prices will remain great this year.In addition, prices of the means of production have continued to rise and real estate prices have risen steeply, making the task of holding down inflation difficult.There are still quite a few problems in employment, the social safety net, education, medical and health care, income distribution, housing, product quality and safety, workplace safety and public security, and we need to work harder to resolve them.

– Both uncertainties in the international economic environment and potential risks have increased.As economic globalization proceeds, the Chinese economy becomes increasingly tied to the world economy.The current imbalance in the global economy is only getting worse and global economic growth is slowing, making international competition even fiercer.The impact of the US sub-prime mortgage crisis is expanding, the value of the dollar is continuing to fall, and there is greater risk in international financial markets.Grain prices are rising and prices for petroleum and other primary products remain high in the international market.Trade protectionism has gotten worse, and trade frictions have increased.The effect of certain political factors in the international arena on world economic trends cannot be overlooked.All this could adversely affect China\'s economic development.China is now in a critical period in its reform and development, and we must be fully prepared for changes in the international environment and become better able to defuse risks.

– The government\'s self-improvement efforts and administration need to be strengthened.We are keenly aware that the work and accomplishments of the government still fall somewhat short of what circumstances require and the people expect.The functions of government have not been completely transformed, and public administration and public services are still weak.Some government departments have overlapping responsibilities, their powers and responsibilities are not well matched, some try to shirk their responsibilities, and their performance is poor.Some government employees have an inadequate sense of responsibility toward the public and are not competent enough.Oversight mechanisms and checks on government authority are not strong enough.The problems of formalism and bureaucratic behavior are fairly common, and fraud, extravagance and waste, and corruption are quite serious.

Fellow Deputies,

The achievements of the past five years have not come easily.They were built on a foundation laid through many years of reform and opening up, and are attributable to the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, which has effectively managed the overall situation.Credit also goes to the hard work and concerted effort of the people of all the ethnic groups in China, and to the support and aistance of overseas Chinese nationals and foreign friends.Displaying indomitable determination, courage and will, the Chinese people have overcome untold difficulties and challenges and accomplished major tasks.On behalf of the State Council, I would like to sincerely thank the people of all the ethnic groups, the democratic parties, the people\'s organizations and people from all sectors of society.I would like to expre my sincere thanks to our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese nationals.I would like to thank governments of other countries, international organizations and foreign friends of China around the world for their understanding of and support for China\'s modernization.II.Major Tasks for 2008

The basic guidelines and major tasks for the government\'s work are as follows: We must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide; fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development; attach greater importance to improving macroeconomic regulation, promoting reform, opening up and independent innovation, adjusting the economic structure and improving the quality of development, conserving resources and protecting the environment, and improving people\'s lives and promoting social harmony; promote socialist economic, political, cultural and social development; and accelerate the proce of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

We have set the following targets for economic and social development in 2008: On the basis of improving the economic structure, productivity, energy efficiency and environmental protection, the GDP should grow by about 8%, and the rise in the CPI should be held at around 4.8%.Ten million jobs should be created in urban areas, and the rate of registered urban unemployment should be kept at around 4.5%.Some improvement should be made in the balance of payments.

It is important to note here that in setting the GDP growth target at around 8% for 2008, we have taken into account a variety of domestic and international factors.Our goal is to maintain both steady and fast economic growth, and guide all sectors of society to concentrate on changing the pattern of development, deepening reform and accelerating social development.The different regions should not just seek faster growth or compete with each other to have the highest growth rate.We should promote both sound and fast economic and social development.The major considerations in setting the target for keeping the CPI this year at around 4.8% are as follows: Last year\'s price increases are still exerting a fairly strong influence and quite a few factors are creating inflationary preure, making it difficult to bring price increases under control.At the same time, we have to take into consideration the ability of individuals, enterprises and all sectors of society to tolerate price increases and try our best to avoid sharp price increases.

To attain the targets and accomplish the tasks for this year\'s economic and social development, we must adhere to the following principles: We must make progre while maintaining stability and aim for fast yet steady economic development.We must give priority to the quality rather than speed of development and accelerate improvement in the pattern of economic development.We must pursue reform and opening up and attach great importance to promoting institutional improvements and innovations.We must put people first and accelerate social development, with the focus on improving people\'s lives.The primary task for macroeconomic regulation this year is to prevent fast economic growth from becoming overheated growth and keep structural price increases from turning into significant inflation.There are quite a few uncertainties in the current economic situation at home and abroad, so we need to keep close track of new developments and problems, properly size up situations and take prompt and flexible measures to respond to them while keeping our feet firmly rooted in reality.We need to maintain the appropriate pace, focus and intensity of macroeconomic regulation to sustain steady and fast economic development and avoid drastic fluctuations in the economy.

We need to concentrate on the following nine tasks this year:

1.Improving macroeconomic regulation to maintain fast yet steady economic development.

Continuing to follow a prudent fiscal policy means that we must ensure the continuity and consistency of fiscal policy, get public finance to fully play its important role in promoting structural adjustment and balanced development, and increase expenditures to shore up weak links, improve people\'s lives and deepen reform.In addition, we need to further reduce the budget deficit and the volume of long-term development treasury bonds.The deficit for the central government budget this year is set at 180 billion yuan, 65 billion yuan le than last year.We plan to iue 30 billion yuan of treasury bonds for investment, 20 billion yuan le than last year, and increase allocations from the central government budget for general development, bringing total central government investment in development projects up to 152.1 billion yuan.We will continue to adjust the structure of government spending and investment by greatly increasing spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the social safety net, medical and health care, education, culture, energy conservation and emiions reduction, and construction of low-rent housing.We will work hard to increase revenue and reduce expenditures, tighten tax collection and management in accordance with the law, improve management of non-tax revenue, and control regular expenditures.We need to reform the management of government investment to improve the performance of investments.

Government revenue surplus must be used wisely.Total government revenue exceeded the targeted figure by more than 723.9 billion yuan last year, including 416.8 billion yuan in the central government budget.Surplus revenue should be concentrated on solving problems that have a direct bearing on people\'s lives, making institutional and structural improvements and strengthening weak links.Spending on the following items will be increased in accordance with the law: rebates on the consumption tax and value-added tax and general transfer payments to local governments; agriculture, forestry, water conservancy projects, education, culture, science, the social safety net, medical and health care, legal aid, construction of low-rent housing, energy conservation, emiions reduction and environmental protection; and resolution of debts for rural compulsory education, debts of state-owned grain enterprises and other long-overdue payments.In addition, the budget deficit should be reduced by 45 billion yuan and the central budget stability and regulation fund should be increased by 103.2 billion yuan.

The decision to follow a tight monetary policy was based on the following considerations: the strong poibility of a resurgence in fixed aet investment, continued exceive supplies of money and credit, the still-unsolved problem of exce liquidity, and considerable inflationary preure.For these reasons, we must improve financial regulation to control the exceively rapid growth in the supplies of money and credit.First, we will step up efforts to curb exce liquidity by using a combination of open market operations and the required deposit reserve ratio.We will make appropriate use of the lever of interest rates.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime to make the exchange rate more flexible.

Eighth, we must work to make sure that the prices of the means of production, particularly agricultural supplies, do not rise rapidly.

Ninth, we will continue to implement the system of provincial governors auming responsibility for the \"rice bag\" (grain supply) program and city mayors for the \"vegetable basket\" (nonstaple food supply) program.

Governments at all levels must give high priority to keeping prices stable because price stability has a direct bearing on the quality of people\'s lives.The country currently has an adequate stock of grain, and the supply of major manufactured consumer goods exceeds demand.We can ensure adequate supply in the market and basic price stability as long as governments at all levels work to improve their leadership, diligently implement all policies and measures, and mount a concerted effort from the highest to the lowest level.

The recent disaster resulting from snow and ice storms caused significant loes to China\'s economy and made life very difficult for disaster victims.We will continue the work of repairing the damage and minimizing loes from the disaster.Affected infrastructure will be promptly repaired, with the focus on restoring power grids.Agricultural production will be resumed as soon as poible.We will closely coordinate supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation to help disaster victims get back on their feet.In addition, we will learn from this large-scale natural disaster.We must accelerate development of infrastructure, including electricity, transportation and communications, to improve its capacity to resist disasters and maintain normal operations.We must improve the systems and mechanisms for responding to disasters to increase our ability to prevent and handle emergencies.We must step up research to better understand the features and patterns of natural disasters under modern conditions and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate them.2.Strengthening agriculture as the foundation of the economy, promoting development of agriculture and increasing farmer incomes.

We will do everything poible to ensure a good harvest this year and work to increase farmer incomes and build a new socialist countryside.We will concentrate on the following three areas:

First, we will vigorously develop grain production and ensure the supply of agricultural products.Grain security has an overall bearing on economic and social development and affects the vital interests of the people, so we must always pay close attention to grain production.We must effectively keep the area sown to grain crops stable and increase the yield per unit area.We will increase support for major grain-producing areas and grain farmers, carry out the grain strategy project and speed up efforts to establish core grain-producing areas to enhance the overall grain production capacity and become more able to ensure adequate supplies.While working to increase agricultural output, we also need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown and promote a constant increase in the production of important agricultural products.We will conscientiously implement policies and measures to boost pig production, dairy farming and oilseed production.We will energetically develop animal husbandry and aquaculture and support and promote their large-scale development as well as healthy farming practices.We will promote standardization of agricultural production to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.

The major measures we are going to take are as follows:

First, we will greatly increase funding.This year\'s increases in budgetary support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, state fixed aet investment in the countryside and the proportion of government land transfer income used for rural development will all be considerably higher than last year\'s increases.We will adjust the way tax revenues from the use of farmland for nonagricultural purposes are used and reform methods for using urban construction and maintenance tax receipts to increase funding for rural development.Allocations from this year\'s central government budget related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers total 562.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 130.7 billion yuan.

Second, we will strengthen agricultural support policies.We will increase direct subsidies for grain producers and general direct subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies.We will expand both the size and scope of subsidies for using superior seed varieties.We will subsidize the purchase of more kinds of agricultural machinery and tools and raise such subsidies.Starting this year, eligibility for these subsidies will be expanded to all agricultural counties.We will raise the minimum grain purchase prices based on actual conditions.

Third, we will adhere to the strictest poible system for protecting farmland, and in particular we will increase protection of basic farmland.We will carefully examine and adjust the amounts and standards for land use in all types of plans in accordance with the master plan for land use, strictly follow the system for controlling land use, rigorously manage rural land used for collective and private construction projects in accordance with the law, and resolutely put a stop to illegal appropriation of arable land and forested areas.

Fourth, we will improve the system for spreading agricultural science and technology and providing agricultural technical services.We will work harder to make innovations in agricultural science and technology and apply advances in agricultural science and technology, and improve the diverse array of mainly nonprofit agricultural technical services.We will accelerate agricultural mechanization.We will improve the systems for superior seed varieties, information, and the quality and safety of agricultural products, and for preventing and mitigating disasters, and do a good job preventing and controlling animal epidemics, plant diseases and insect pests.We will expand trial soil testing to determine appropriate fertilizer formulas.

Fifth, we will carry out rural reform in all areas.We will accelerate overall rural reform.We will adopt effective measures to actively yet prudently reduce the debts of townships and villages.The central and local governments will increase budgetary funding to basically clear up overdue debts for rural compulsory education in about three years.We will adhere to the basic system for rural operations and stabilize and improve land contract relationships.We will improve the market for the compensated, voluntary transfer of land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and allow diverse forms of farming operations to develop to an appropriate scale where conditions permit.We will work hard to develop specialized farmer cooperatives.We will carry out comprehensive reform of the system of collective forest rights.

3.Promoting economic adjustment and changing the pattern of development.

We will continue to boost domestic demand, adjust the balance of investment and consumption, and promote the shift from the pattern of economic growth that relies mainly on investment and exports to one that relies on a balanced combination of consumption, investment and exports.It is eential to appropriately control the scale of fixed aet investment and improve the investment structure.We will maintain strict control over the availability of land, credit and market acce, and pay particular attention to strengthening and standardizing supervision of new projects to ensure they meet all the conditions for launching.Haphazard investment and unneeded development projects in energy intensive and highly polluting industries and industries with exce production capacity will be resolutely stopped, and market acce will be tightened and capital requirements will be increased for industries whose development is discouraged.Work on illegal projects will be resolutely stopped.We will increase support for weak links and key areas in economic and social development and give more support to the central and western regions.We must tighten control over the amount of land used for development projects, especially for industrial purposes, and hold the total amount of land used this year to last year\'s level.We must respond to new conditions and situations by improving guidance, regulation and oversight for all types of investment activities in the country.

We will continue to promote independent innovation as the central link in efforts to change the pattern of development.We need to diligently implement the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development and fully launch and implement key national projects, including those to develop large aircraft, control pollution in bodies of water, and develop large-scale oil and gas fields and coal seam gas operations.We will carry out plans for basic research, high-tech research, and research to provide scientific and technological support for development.We will work to make major breakthroughs in key technologies for producing vehicles powered by new energy sources, developing high-speed railway transport and saving water in industries.We will promote development of the national innovation system, focusing on building a number of national laboratories, national engineering centers, platforms to support enterprise innovation and enterprise technology centers to strengthen China\'s science and technology infrastructure.We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology and coordinate and improve resource distribution.The central government will spend 113.4 billion yuan on science and technology in 2008, a year-on-year increase of 13.4 billion yuan.We will improve and implement the policy to support independent innovation, get enterprises to fully play their role as the main parties responsible for technological innovation, and encourage and guide them to increase investment in R&D.We will integrate the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes and develop innovative enterprises.Government procurement of products produced through independent innovation will be increased.Trials in the use of venture capital will be expanded.We will implement the intellectual property rights strategy.We will expand scientific and technological cooperation with other countries.

We will promote improvement and upgrading of the industrial structure.We will keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics and promote integration of IT application with industrialization.We will work to develop new- and high-technology industries, reinvigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, upgrade traditional industries and accelerate the development of service industries, particularly modern services.We will continue the major projects to apply high technologies in the production of new-type displays, broadband communications and network equipment, and biomedicine.We will get national new and high technology development zones to fully play their role in pooling resources, guiding development and boosting development in surrounding areas.We will promote domestic R&D and production of important equipment and key spare parts and components, with the focus on key areas such as large clean and highly efficient power generating units, high-grade digital machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment.We will give higher priority to geological work to improve prospecting for and exploitation of natural resources.We will strongly develop the modern energy and raw materials industries and better integrate the transportation system.

We will promote balanced development among regions.We will extensively promote the large-scale development of the western region, and launch a number of key projects and support the development of key areas on a priority basis.We will continue to protect natural forests, prevent and control desertification, and reverse and prevent the development of stony deserts, and will implement a follow-up policy to consolidate progre made in converting retired farmland to forests.We will implement the plan to reinvigorate northeast China, and support the development of advanced equipment manufacturing and modern agriculture and the economic transformation of areas depending on resources that are now exhausted.We will formulate and implement a plan to boost development of the central region and implement and improve relevant policies.We will encourage the eastern region to lead the country in development and improve its international competitivene.We will give more support to old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas to help them develop.We will adopt and implement a plan and policy for development priority zones.4.Increasing efforts to conserve energy, reduce emiions and protect the environment, and ensuring product quality and safety.

First, we will implement the plan to close down backward production facilities in the electricity, steel, cement, coal and papermaking industries.We will also put in place a mechanism for closing down these facilities and improve and implement support policies and measures for shutting down enterprises.In addition, we will step up efforts to develop advanced production facilities in these industries in accordance with the plan.

Second, we will focus on energy conservation in key enterprises and construction of key projects.We need to accelerate work on the ten major energy conservation projects.We will increase the urban sewage treatment capacity and strive to reach the goal of 100% collection and treatment of sewage in 36 large cities within two years.Charges for discharging wastewater and for sewage treatment and garbage disposal will be appropriately raised.Building standards will be upgraded and strictly enforced to encourage the development of better wall materials and construction of energy-efficient buildings.We will make steady progre in reforming the urban heating system and public utilities.

Third, we will develop and apply advanced and appropriate technologies to save, replace and reuse resources and control pollution, and carry out projects to develop and demonstrate major energy conservation and emiions reduction technologies.We will energetically develop the energy conservation service industry and the environmental protection industry.We will develop clean and renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar energy.

Fourth, we will prevent and control pollution in key river valleys and regions, including the Huai, Hai, Liao and Songhua rivers, Tai, Chao and Dianchi lakes, the sources and routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and the Three Gorges Reservoir area.We will implement the master plan for protecting the environment of the Bohai Sea.National standards will have stricter limits for discharge of pollutants in key river valleys.

Fifth, we will intensify protection of rural drinking water sources, and work to control sewage and garbage pollution and industrial pollution in rural areas.We will also strengthen control of pollution from livestock and poultry farming and aquaculture as well as agricultural nonpoint source pollution.

Sixth, we will encourage and support the development of a circular economy and promote recycling and reuse of renewable resources.We will also promote cleaner production in all industries.

Seventh, we will strengthen efforts to protect, conserve and intensively use natural resources, including land, water, gralands, forests and minerals, and take stern measures to combat illegal mining of mineral resources.We will effectively protect marine resources, use them wisely, and develop the marine economy.We will intensify China\'s basic research efforts in meteorology, earthquake science, and surveying and mapping to strengthen these areas.

Eighth, we will implement the national plan to respond to climate change to strengthen China\'s ability to respond to climate change.

Ninth, we will improve the mechanism for rewarding those who conserve energy and resources and protect the environment and punishing those who waste energy and resources and harm the environment.We will also employ statistical and monitoring systems for conserving energy and reducing emiions, and improve the auditing and supervision systems, increase law enforcement efforts, and tighten the accountability system for energy conservation and emiions reduction.

We will intensify efforts to ensure product quality and safety.

First, we will accelerate efforts to formulate or update national standards for product quality and safety.This year, we will complete the formulation or updating of more than 7,700 national standards for the safety of food products, drugs and other consumer goods to put in place a sound system of standards for product safety.All requirements and testing methods for the safety and quality of food and other consumer goods will comply with international standards.China\'s exports will meet both international standards and the laws and regulations on technical standards of the importing countries.

Third, we will improve the oversight and control systems for product quality and safety.We will follow to the letter the regulations for iuing production permits and mandatory certificates and for registration and record keeping to strictly control market acce.We will raise the requirements for production permits and tighten market acce for products related to people\'s health and safety.We need to strengthen quality and safety oversight for eential products such as food and drugs, and strictly control the quality of exports and imports.We will diligently follow the accountability system for product quality and safety.It is imperative that the people feel confident about the safety of food and other consumer goods and that our exports have a good reputation.

5.Deepening economic reform and opening wider to the outside world.

It has been 30 years since China introduced the reform and opening up policy, which has brought about great historic changes to the country.However, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come.To further promote unfettered development of the productive forces, promote greater social fairne and justice, and attain the magnificent goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and modernizing China, we must continue to unswervingly implement the reform and opening up policy.We will concentrate on the following areas this year.

We will advance the reform of SOEs and improve their ownership structure.We will continue to adjust state-owned aets and reorganize SOEs.We need to deepen the reform to convert SOEs into stockholding corporations.We will improve corporate governance, carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies, separate SOEs\' secondary businees from their core businees, and convert the former into independent companies.We will expand the experiment of setting up a budget system for managing state capital.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition and strengthening government regulation and public oversight of them.We need to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies and for transferring ownership of state-owned aets to prevent their erosion.We will protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers.We will advance the reform of collectively owned enterprises and develop diverse forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will conscientiously implement the policies for encouraging, supporting and guiding the development of individual-proprietorship businees and private companies in the nonpublic sector of the economy.In particular, we will help them solve problems related to market acce and financial support. We will deepen reform of the fiscal and taxation systems and accelerate improvement in the public finance system.We will reform the budget system and tighten budgetary management and oversight.We need to improve and standardize the system of transfer payments, raise the volume and proportion of general transfer payments and increase spending on public services.We will energetically push ahead with the reform of fiscal systems at and below the provincial level.The new Law on Corporate Income Tax will be comprehensively enforced.We will reform the system of resource taxes and fees, and improve the compensation systems for use of resources and for damage caused to the ecosystem.We will carry forward the trial VAT reform and formulate a plan to carry out the reform nationwide.

We will speed up reform of the financial system and strengthen financial oversight.We will continue deepening reform of the banking industry, focusing on the introduction of a shareholding system in the Agriculture Bank of China and the reform of the China Development Bank.A deposit insurance system will be set up.We will accelerate rural financial reform and strengthen the role of the Agriculture Bank of China, the Agricultural Development Bank of China and the China Postal Savings Bank in serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers.We will continue to deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives and actively promote the development of new types of financial institutions in rural areas.We will improve the structure of the capital market, promote steady and sound development of the stock markets, strive to improve the performance of listed companies, and maintain an open, fair and equitable market environment.We will establish a market for growth enterprises, accelerate development of the bond market and steadily develop the futures market.We will deepen reform of the insurance industry, vigorously extend the scope of agricultural insurance, and succefully carry out trials of policy-supported agricultural insurance.We will take stern measures to combat violations of financial laws and regulations and guard against and defuse financial risks to maintain financial stability and security.

We will expand the breadth and depth of China\'s openne and make its economy more open.We will accelerate change in the pattern of foreign trade growth, improve the mix of exports, encourage the export of products with Chinese intellectual property rights and trademarks, and raise the quality, grade and added value of exports while maintaining steady export growth.We need to increase export of services and encourage foreign businees to outsource services to China.We will energetically increase imports, with the focus on advanced technology and equipment, important raw materials, and key spare parts and components.We will improve the mix of industries using foreign investment and their geographic distribution, and steadily make service industries more open.We will limit or ban foreign investment in projects that are energy intensive or highly polluting, limit or ban foreign investment in some areas of resource exploitation, and correct illegal practices for attracting foreign investment.We will make innovations in the way we make investments and engage in cooperation overseas, and improve and implement policies and measures to support Chinese enterprises wishing to “go global.” We will strengthen bilateral, multilateral and regional economic cooperation.We will continue to promote talks on free trade zones and honor the treaties we have signed.We are committed to an equitable international trade order.

In carrying out reform and opening up, we will accelerate the development of a modern market system, energetically develop modern logistics, intensify efforts to ensure orderly markets and promote the development of a credit system for individuals.6.Paying closer attention to social development to ensure the wellbeing of the people and improve their lives.

We will continue to give priority to developing education.

First, we will make free compulsory education universally available in both urban and rural areas.We will continue increasing regular expenditures for rural compulsory education and raise the level of budgetary allocations.We will appropriately increase living allowances for poor rural students residing on campus.We will take steps to ensure that children from poor families and children of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy the same acce to compulsory education as others.After running trials in selected areas, we will completely stop collecting tuition and miscellaneous fees from all urban students receiving compulsory education starting this fall.This is another major measure for promoting balanced development of compulsory education and equal acce to education.

Third, we must raise the quality of higher education.We will improve the structure of academic disciplines and develop high-quality universities and key disciplines.Regular institutions of higher learning will continue to favor students in the central and western regions in expanding their enrollments.To succefully provide education of various kinds and at different levels, we must focus on the following three tasks.One, we must ensure that all students receive a well-rounded education, and promote educational reforms and innovations.We will deepen the reform of curricula, methods of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality, and lighten the study load of primary and secondary school students.Two, we must improve the quality of teachers, especially in rural areas, and improve and implement the system of wages, allowances and subsidies for teachers.Three, we must increase investment in education.This year, central government allocation for education will increase from last year\'s total of 107.6 billion yuan to 156.2 billion yuan, and local governments will also increase their spending.We will further standardize the collection of education-related fees.We will standardize nonpublic education programs and encourage their development.China cannot modernize if education is not made universally available and if its quality is not improved.We must ensure that our children receive a good education, provide education that satisfies the needs of the people and improve the overall quality of the population.

We will promote the reform and development of health care.Efforts will be focused on four areas:

First, we will accelerate the establishment of a system to ensure acce to medical care for both urban and rural residents.We will expand the number of urban workers covered by basic medical insurance, and extend the trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents to over 50% of China\'s cities.We will fully implement the new type of rural cooperative medical care system in all rural areas.Within two years, we will raise the standard for financing from 50 yuan to 100 yuan per person per year, with central and local government contributions to be raised from 40 yuan to 80 yuan per person.We will improve the urban and rural aistance program for medical care.

Last year the State Council commiioned a study of the iue of how to deepen reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care.A preliminary plan has been produced and will soon be publicized to solicit opinions from the general public.The basic goal of the reform is to maintain the public service nature of public medical and health care services and set up a basic medical and health care system to provide people with basic medical and health care services that are safe, effective, convenient and affordable.We must resolutely carry out this reform to provide everyone with acce to basic medical and health services and improve their health.

We will improve work related to population and family planning.We will adhere to the current policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low, improve the health of newborns and adopt a full range of measures to addre the gender imbalance in babies.We will fully implement the special aistance system for families that comply with family planning regulations, extend the coverage of the reward system for rural families that comply with the regulations, implement the “lower birthrate equals faster prosperity” project in more areas, and raise the level of rewards and aistance.We will improve services for the floating population and tighten supervision of them to ensure that they comply with the family planning policy.

We will attach great importance to programs for the elderly, effectively protect the rights and interests of women and minors, and show concern for people with physical and mental disabilities and support programs benefiting them.

We will strive to expand employment.We will strictly enforce the Employment Promotion Law and the Labor Contract Law.We will continue to follow a vigorous employment policy, adhere to the principle of expanding employment by encouraging busine startups, strengthen job training and training in how to start a busine, encourage people to find jobs on their own or start their own businees, and support the establishment of small enterprises.We will speed up development of a human resources market with uniform standards for both urban and rural areas, improve the public employment service system, and promote the creation of an employment system that treats urban and rural workers equally.We will strengthen job placement guidance and services for college graduates.We will deepen reform of the job-placement system for people leaving military service.We will improve the aid system for job seekers, carry out policies to find more jobs for people with physical and mental disabilities, and create a permanent mechanism to help zero-employment families find jobs.We will urge all types of enterprises to sign labor contracts with their employees in accordance with the law and abide by them.We will improve the handling of labor disputes and oversight for worker protection measures and severely punish illegal employment practices.Providing adequate employment opportunities in China, which has the largest population in the world, is a daunting challenge.We must redouble our efforts to increase employment, a matter that is crucial to people\'s wellbeing.

First, we will increase rural incomes through a variety of channels, ensure that rural migrant workers in cities get paid in full and on time, and appropriately increase allowances for the poor population.

Third, we will raise the level of basic old-age benefits for retirees from enterprises every year for three years beginning January 1 this year.

Fifth, we will institute a system of annual paid vacations for employees.In addition, we will further improve consumption policies, broaden the range of services available in the market, stabilize consumer expectations and increase immediate consumption.Only by appropriately spreading the fruits of economic development among the people can we win their support and maintain social harmony and stability.

We will improve the social safety net.We will follow a policy of expanding the number of people covered, guaranteeing people\'s basic needs and pursuing multi-level and sustainable development of the system.

Second, we will push ahead with the reform of the social security system.We will improve the system of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, combining contributions from various sources in society with personal employee retirement accounts, and expand the trial of fully funding personal accounts for old-age insurance.In addition, we will accelerate the implementation of overall planning for old-age pensions at the provincial level and work out nationwide rules for transferring social security accounts from one region to another.We will standardize and expand enterprise retirement systems that pay annuities.We will explore ways to reform basic old-age insurance in government-affiliated institutions.We will soon work out an old-age insurance system suitable for rural migrant workers in cities, and encourage local governments to carry out experiments with a rural old-age insurance system.We will accelerate improvement in unemployment insurance, workers\' compensation and maternity insurance.

Third, we will finance social security funds in various ways, strengthen their oversight, ensure their security and maintain and increase their value.

Fourth, we will improve the social aistance system.We will focus on improving the systems of basic cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents and setting up a mechanism for adjusting the level of aistance in line with economic growth and price changes.We will improve the temporary aistance system, vigorously develop social welfare programs and encourage and support the development of charity programs.We will do a good job providing aistance to entitled groups and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will improve the work of disaster prevention, reduction and relief.A total of 276.2 billion yuan will be appropriated this year in the central government budget to accelerate development of the social security system, 45.8 billion yuan more than last year.Establishing a sound social safety net for both urban and rural residents to ward off uncertainties for them has a direct impact on economic and social development and is a major task in the effort to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

We will promptly establish a system for ensuring housing for people.The general guiding principles for this work are as follows.1) Taking into consideration the fact that China has a large population and relatively little land available for building housing, we need to foster a scientific and rational model for housing development and home ownership.We will vigorously work to build environmentally friendly buildings that conserve energy and land, increase the supply of small and medium-sized condominiums, and guide people to obtain housing they can afford.2) We must ensure that the government and the market both play their due roles.The government\'s role is mainly to formulate plans and policies for housing and ensure that there is an appropriate supply of land, ensure that land is used intensively and oversee land use.Priority will be given to development of housing for low- and middle-income families.Demand for housing among high-income families will be met largely through the market.3) We need to strengthen regulation and oversight of the real estate market, standardize and maintain order in the market and promote sustained, steady and healthy development of the real estate industry.

The following four measures will be adopted this year:

First, we will improve the system of low-rent housing, accelerate construction of low-rent housing, expand the supply of housing, and step up construction and tighten management of affordable housing to ease the housing difficulties of low-income urban residents.A total of 6.8 billion yuan will be allocated from the central government budget for the low-rent housing program this year, 1.7 billion yuan more than last year, and local governments will also increase funding in this area.In addition, we will work energetically to improve the living conditions of rural migrant workers in cities.

Fourth, we will strengthen market oversight and strictly enforce the requirements for market acce and the conditions for going out of busine for real estate firms.We will investigate attempts to control the land and housing market through hoarding and speculation in land and housing and deal with violations in accordance with the law.In addition, we will improve planning and management of rural housing development and the safety of housing for the rural poor.We must unswervingly promote reform of the housing system and construction of housing for the benefit of the people.7.Deepening the reform of the cultural management system and promoting the vigorous development and enrichment of culture.

We will further implement and improve the policies and measures to reform the cultural management system, promote cultural innovation, strengthen cultural improvement work, safeguard the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, and promote a flourishing cultural market to meet the people\'s ever-increasing and varied cultural needs.We will continue to educate the people in the latest advances in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, foster a common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics among the people, strongly promote a national spirit centered on patriotism and a spirit of the times centered on reform and innovation, and extensively promote education in the socialist concept of honor and disgrace.We will develop a culture of harmony, carry out the program for improving civic morality and foster civilized social conduct.Particular attention will be paid to cultivating ideals and ethics among young people.Extensive campaigns will be launched to encourage civilized behavior.We will maintain the orientation of serving the people and socialism and fully adhere to the principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend.We will develop philosophy and the social sciences.We will promote the vigorous development of the pre and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and the arts.We will encourage the production of excellent cultural works.We will increase government funding to accelerate development of a system of public cultural services for the whole society and to promote development of basic public benefit cultural programs, particularly the building of more cultural facilities in urban communities and villages.We will accelerate development of multipurpose community centers in towns and townships.We will work on the projects to set up a national shared databank of cultural information and resources, extend radio and television coverage to all villages, and set up reading rooms and show movies in rural areas.All public museums, memorial halls and exhibition centers of a nonprofit nature will stop charging admiion fees this year or next year.We will improve the policy for developing the culture sector and speed up development of bases for the culture industry and clusters of cultural industries with regional features.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture.We will ensure order in the cultural market and continue to combat pornography and illegal publications.We will strengthen protection of our national cultural heritage.We will expand cultural exchanges with other countries.We will step up development of public sports facilities in both urban and rural areas, launch extensive public fitne programs and raise the level of competitive sports.

The 2008 Olympics and Paralympics will be held in Beijing.All sons and daughters of the Chinese nation are looking forward to them, and they will be of great importance in promoting China\'s economic and social development and increasing friendship and cooperation between Chinese people and the peoples of other countries.We will prepare for and organize the Games well, strengthen cooperation with the international community, and create an excellent environment to ensure that the Games are a unique, well-run sporting event.8.Stepping up development of socialist democracy and the socialist legal system and promoting social fairne and justice.

We will deepen reform of political institutions and advance socialist political standards.We will expand people\'s democracy, improve democratic institutions, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we will carry out democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to ensure the people\'s rights to stay informed about, to participate in, to expre views on, and to oversee government affairs.We will develop democracy at the community level, improve the system of governance by the people at the community level, expand the scope of their autonomy, strengthen urban and rural communities, and make the running of governments, villages and factories more transparent.We will bring into play the positive role of civic organizations in expanding public participation in government affairs and voicing the concerns of the people to improve the ability of society to govern itself.

We will fully adhere to the rule of law as a fundamental principle.We will step up the drafting of proposed legislation by the government and improve the quality of such legislation.The drafting of such legislation this year will focus on improving people\'s lives, promoting social development, conserving energy and resources, and protecting the ecosystem.In the course of doing so, we need to seek views from many sources.In principle, we will release drafts to the public to solicit their opinions when formulating all administrative rules and regulations that bear on the interests of the people.We will appropriately delineate and adjust the powers and duties of administrative law enforcement agencies, and strengthen oversight and fully implement the responsibility system for administrative law enforcement.We will improve the system of government administration in accordance with the law at the municipal and county levels.We will ensure that administrative charges are collected in a standardized way and reform and improve the mechanism for ensuring adequate funding for the judicial system and for law enforcement.We will improve the filing and inspection procedures for laws, rules, regulations and regulatory documents.Systems of administrative review and administrative compensation and reparation will be improved.We will ensure that people have adequate acce to legal services and aistance.We will increase publicity and education concerning the law in order to create a good social environment in which the people conscientiously study, abide by and apply the law.

We will improve public administration.We will increase efforts to improve civic organizations and improve the system of public administration at the community level.We will do a good job handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public and improve the system for handling complaints.We will improve the mechanism for mediating social tensions and properly handle problems among the people to protect their legitimate rights and interests.We will improve the public security system for the prevention and control of crime, maintain law and order through a full range of measures and launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security.We will reform and intensify community policing in both urban and rural areas and improve services for and management of the floating population.Focusing on addreing serious public security iues and improving conditions in areas with poor public order, we will work to prevent crime and crack down on crime and illegal activities in accordance with the law to protect people\'s lives and property and ensure social stability.We will redouble our efforts to safeguard national security.We will strengthen efforts to ensure workplace safety.We will work harder to prevent serious and major accidents by addreing their root causes.We will consolidate and build upon progre in bringing coalmine gas buildup under control, improve coalmine safety and shut down coalmines that do not meet safety standards.We will continue to carry out campaigns to addre safety problems in key industries and areas.We will work harder to identify and eliminate hidden perils, and improve the system for controlling major hazards and monitoring major sources of danger and the system for forecasting, giving early warning, preventing, responding to and mitigating disasters.We will tighten oversight for workplace safety in accordance with the law and rigorously investigate industrial accidents and prosecute those responsible for them.

9.Accelerating reform of the administrative system and intensifying government self-improvement.

Reform of the administrative system is an important link in deepening reform, an important part of the reform of political institutions, and an eential step in improving the socialist market economy.In reforming the administrative system, we should adhere to the following general principles and requirements: We must put people first and govern for the people.We should see to it that this reform proceeds in line with development of socialist democracy and the socialist market economy.Decisions must be made scientifically and democratically; the government must be run in accordance with the law, and administrative oversight needs to be strengthened.We need to make innovations in management and institutions and make full use of the initiative of both the central government and local governments.Efforts should be focused on changing functions, straightening out inter-departmental relationships, improving the structure and raising efficiency in order to develop an administrative system in which powers are commensurate with responsibilities, the division of work among departments is appropriate, decisions are scientific, enforcement is carried out smoothly and oversight is effective.

First, we must accelerate the transformation of government functions.This is central to deepening reform of the administrative system.We need to improve the division of responsibilities among government departments, ensure that all departments properly execute their functions and strive to build a service-oriented government.While improving regulation of the economy and the market, we must increase efforts to improve public administration and public services, safeguard social justice and order, and ensure equal acce for all to basic public services.We will attach great importance to the role of civil organizations such as industrial aociations and chambers of commerce in this area.

Second, we must deepen reform of government bodies.Our current plan for the reform of bodies of the State Council mainly centers on changing the way the government functions, appropriately dividing responsibilities among departments that exercise macroeconomic regulation, adjusting and improving bodies in charge of industrial management, and improving departments responsible for public administration and public services.The plan explores ways to establish larger departments that organically integrate the functions of smaller departments.To resolve the problem of overlapping responsibilities and of powers not being matched by responsibilities, the plan clearly defines the responsibilities and powers of each department, clarifies the relationship of responsibilities among departments, and improves the mechanism for interdepartmental coordination and cooperation.The plan will be submitted to you for deliberation and approval.

Third, we must improve the mechanism of administrative oversight.We need to use institutions to oversee the exercise of power, the handling of government affairs and the management of personnel.We will strengthen oversight of the exercise of administrative power and standardize procedures for administrative approval.We will strengthen the mutual oversight between higher- and lower-level authorities, get oversight bodies such as supervision and auditing departments to fully play their role, and conscientiously accept oversight by all sectors of society.We will adhere to the administrative accountability system and government performance management system.The competence of public servants will be strengthened.We will strictly enforce the law and the code of conduct for government employees and resolutely put a stop to non-compliance with government decrees and continued occurrences of banned practices.We will strive to make government affairs more open by enhancing the government information release system and improving the various types of administrative systems for transparency in government affairs to increase the transparency of government functions and create conditions to enable the people to oversee the government more effectively.

Fourth, we will strengthen efforts to ensure clean government.We will attach even greater importance to combating corruption and encouraging integrity, and fight corruption unequivocally.We will effectively improve the system for preventing and punishing corruption in accordance with the principle of addreing both the symptoms and root causes of corruption and taking a dual approach that combines prevention and punishment, with the emphasis on prevention.In particular, we need to tackle the problems of exceive concentration of power and lack of checks on power.We will addre fundamentals to improve regulations and institutions and standardize management of public resources such as transfer payments, development of land and mineral resources, government procurement and the transfer of state-owned aets.We will strengthen special campaigns to addre people\'s preing concerns related to problems concerning environmental protection, food and drug safety, workplace safety, land acquisition and expropriation, and housing demolition, to resolutely stop irregular practices that hurt public interests.We will strongly advocate hard work and plain living and firmly oppose extravagance and waste.We will prosecute all violations of the law and discipline, strictly curb bribery in busine, resolutely bring corrupt people to justice and prosecute them to the full extent of the law. Fellow Deputies,

China is a unified, multiethnic country.We must promote unity among all ethnic groups and make a concerted effort to achieve prosperity and development for all.We will follow and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, promote economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual aistance and harmony.We will faithfully follow the Party\'s basic principles on work related to religions, adhere to the Regulations on Religious Affairs, and enable religious figures and religious believers to play a positive role in advancing economic and social development.We need to do a good job handling affairs related to overseas Chinese nationals in the new era and make full use of the role of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese nationals and their relatives in China\'s modernization and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.

Improving national defense and the military is a strategic task in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must balance economic development and national defense development to make China prosperous and the armed forces strong as we carry out modernization.We must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong\'s military thinking, Deng Xiaoping\'s thinking on building the army in the new period and Jiang Zemin\'s thinking on strengthening the national defense and the army, truly implement the important guidelines of Comrade Hu Jintao on national defense and the army under the new circumstances, and take the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for developing national defense and the army.Our aim is to enable the army to fully carry out its historic miion in the new stage in the new century, enhance its ability to respond to security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks, staunchly protect China\'s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, and provide strong support for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We will strengthen efforts to improve the People\'s Armed Police Force to improve its ability to enforce the law, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will intensify national defense education to raise public awarene of the importance of national defense.We will improve the national defense mobilization system.We will strengthen unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.

We will continue to unswervingly adhere to the principle of \"one country, two systems,\" under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will give full support to the governments of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions in administering their regions in accordance with the law, and increase exchange and cooperation between the mainland and the two special administrative regions in economic and trade affairs, environmental protection, science and technology, education, culture, health and sports.We firmly believe that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will be able to do even better in administering and developing their respective regions.

We will adhere to the basic principle of \"peaceful reunification and one country, two systems\" and follow all policies for developing relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and promoting China\'s peaceful reunification under the current circumstances.We will pursue the goal of promoting peaceful development of cro-Straits relations, encourage compatriots on both sides to increase contacts and common understanding, actively promote cro-Straits economic and cultural exchanges, and work for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade.We will implement and improve the policies and measures designed to benefit our compatriots in Taiwan and support economic development on the west coast of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.We will work for the early resumption of cro-Straits negotiations on the basis of the one-China principle to addre major iues of concern to compatriots on both sides.We firmly oppose Taiwan independence seceionist activities, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any guise or by any means.Any iue that concerns China\'s sovereignty and territorial integrity must be decided by all the Chinese people, including our Taiwan compatriots.The attempts of Taiwan independence seceionist forces to deny the reality that the mainland and Taiwan belong to one and the same China and to undermine peace in the Taiwan Straits are doomed to fail.Reunification of the two sides is inevitable in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With the concerted efforts of all Chinese people at home and overseas, the great cause of China\'s reunification will surely be achieved!

In the coming year, we must continue to hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, follow an independent foreign policy of peace and a path of peaceful development, and adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up to promote the building of a harmonious world with durable peace and common prosperity.We will work hard to develop relations with developed countries, deepen good-neighborly relations and friendship with all neighboring countries, and redouble efforts to increase unity and cooperation with other developing countries.We will actively participate in multilateral diplomacy, work to find appropriate solutions to major hotspots and global iues, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese nationals and companies overseas.The Chinese government and people are ready to share development opportunities with people of all other countries and to work with them to addre risks and challenges and advance the noble cause of the peace and development of humanity.

Fellow Deputies,

Looking back, we are encouraged by the achievements of the past five years.Looking ahead, we see an exciting future for China.Our great motherland has embarked upon a new historical course and the future holds even brighter prospects.Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, let us hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, and comprehensively apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.Let us free our minds, carry out reform and innovation, and work diligently for greater achievements in the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects!

推荐第9篇：某年政府工作报告中英文新华社

XX年政府工作报告中英文新华社

此报告以本次大会最后审议通过并由新华社公布的文本为准。

The official Chinese version of this report will be released by Xinhua News Agency.

政府工作报告

Report on the Work of the Government

—— XX 年 3 月 5 日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上

– Delivered at the Fifth Seion of the 12th National People’s Congre of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, XX

国务院总理李克强

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Esteemed Deputies,

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government and ask for your deliberation and approval.I also wish to have comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、XX 年工作回顾

Let me begin with a review of our work in XX.

过去一年，我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。在以习近平

平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民迎难而上，砥砺前行，推动经济社会持续健康发展。党的十八届六中全会正式明确习近平总书记的核心地位，体现了党和人民的根本利益，对保证党和国家兴旺发达、长治久安，具有十分重大而深远的意义。各地区、各部门不断增强政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识，推动全面建成小康社会取得新的重要进展，全面深化改革迈出重大步伐，全面依法治国深入实施，全面从严治党纵深推进，全年经济社会发展主要目标任务圆满完成，“十三五” 实现了良好开局。

In the past year, China’s development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.

However, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we the Chinese people have risen to the challenge and worked hard to pre ahead, driving forward sustained, healthy economic and social development.

At the Sixth Plenary Seion of the 18th Party Central Committee, the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping was formally affirmed, which reflects the fundamental interests of the Party and the Chinese people, and is of crucial and farreaching significance for ensuring the flourishing and longterm stability of the Party and the country.All regions and all government departments have steadily strengthened their consciousne of the need to maintain political integrity, think in bigpicture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment.Pushing ahead with all around efforts, we have achieved major progre in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, made important strides in deepening reform, continued to exercise lawbased governance, and made further progre in practicing strict Party selfgovernance; and we have accomplished the year’s main tasks and targets for economic and social development, and got the 13th FiveYear Plan off to a great start.

——经济运行缓中趋稳、稳中向好。国内生产总值达到万亿元，增长 %，名列世界前茅，对全球经济增长的贡献率超过 30%。居民消费价格上涨 2%。工业企业利润由上年下降 %转为增长 %，单位国内生产总值能耗下降 5%，经济发展的质量和效益明显提高。

1.The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth.

GDP reached trillion yuan, representing growth, and seeing China outpace most other economies.China contributed more than 30 percent of global growth.The CPI rose by 2 percent.With an increase in profits, industrial enterprises reversed the previous year’s negative growth of percent.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5 percent.Economic performance improved markedly in quality and returns.

——就业增长超出预期。全年城镇新增就业 1314 万人。高校毕业生就业创业人数再创新高。年末城镇登记失业率 %，为多年来最低。13 亿多人口的发展中大国，就业比较充分，十分不易。

2.Employment growth exceeded projections.

A total of million new urban jobs were added over the course of the year.The number of college graduates finding employment or starting businees reached another record high.The registered urban unemployment rate stood at percent at yearend XX, the lowest level in years.For China, a large developing country with a population of over billion, attaining this level of employment is no easy task.

——改革开放深入推进。重要领域和关键环节改革取得突破性进展，供给侧结构性改革初见成效。对外开放推出新举措，“一带一路”建设进展快速，一批重大工程和国际产能合作项目落地。

3.Continued advances were made in reform and opening up.

Breakthroughs were made in reforms in major sectors and key links, and initial succe was achieved in supplyside structural reform.New measures were introduced for opening China up, rapid progre was made in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative, and a number of major projects and industrialcapacity cooperation projects with other countries were launched.

——经济结构加快调整。消费在经济增长中发挥主要拉动作用。服务业增加值占国内

生产总值比重上升到 %。高技术产业、装备制造业较快增长。农业稳中调优，粮食再获丰收。

4.Economic structural adjustment was stepped up.

Consumption was the main driver of economic growth.The value created by the service sector rose to percent of GDP.Hightech industries and equipment manufacturing grew rapidly.In agriculture, production was stable and structural adjustments were made, and we had continued good grain harvests.

——发展新动能不断增强。创新驱动发展战略深入实施。科技领域取得一批国际领先的重大成果。新兴产业蓬勃兴起，传统产业加快转型升级。大众创业、万众创新广泛开展，全年新登记企业增长 %，平均每天新增万户，加上个体工商户等，各类市场主体每天新增万户。新动能正在撑起发展新天地。

5.New drivers of growth gained strength.

Further progre was made in pursuing the innovationdriven development strategy, and a number of worldleading achievements were made in science and technology.Emerging industries were thriving, and the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries accelerated.People were busy launching businees or making innovations, with a yearonyear increase in the number of new businees registeredan average of 15,000 new businees daily.With self employed traders and other market entities included we had an average of 45,000 new market entities launched per day.New growth drivers are opening new prospects for China’s development.

——基础设施支撑能力持续提升。高速铁路投产里程超过 1900 公里，新建改建高速

公路 6700 多公里、农村公路 29 万公里。城市轨道交通、地下综合管廊建设加快。新

开工重大水利工程 21 项。新增第四代移动通信用户亿、光缆线路 550 多万公里。

6.Infrastructure became everbetter able to sustain development.

Over 1,900 kilometers of new highspeed rail lines came into service, and more than 6,700 kilometers of expreways and 290,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded.Construction picked up pace on urban rail transit facilities and underground utility tunnels.Construction began on 21 major water conservancy projects.The number of 4G mobile communications subscribers grew by 340 million and over million kilometers of optical fiber cables were added.

——人民生活继续改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长 %。农村贫困人口减少 1240 万，易地扶贫搬迁人口超过 240 万。棚户区住房改造 600 多万套，农村危房

改造 380 多万户。国内旅游快速增长，出境旅游超过亿人次，城乡居民生活水平有新的提高。

7.Living standards were improved.

Personal per capita disposable income increased by percent in real terms.The number of people living in poverty in rural areas was reduced by million, including more than million people relocated from inhospitable areas.More than 6 million homes in rundown urban areas and over million dilapidated rural houses were renovated.In tourism, domestic trips showed rapid growth, and overseas trips exceeded 120 million.People in both urban and rural areas saw a rise in living standards.

我国成功主办二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，推动取得一系列开创性、引领性、机制性重要成果，在全球经济治理中留下深刻的印记。

China succefully hosted the G20 XX Hangzhou Summit, and helped to deliver a number of important pioneering, leading, and institutional outcomes, thus doing its part for global economic governance.

回顾过去一年，走过的路很不寻常。我们面对的是世界经济和贸易增速 7 年来最低、国际金融市场波动加剧、地区和全球性挑战突发多发的外部环境，面对的是国内结构性问题突出、风险隐患显现、经济下行压力加大的多重困难，面对的是改革进入攻坚期、利益关系深刻调整、影响社会稳定因素增多的复杂局面。在这种情况下，经济能够稳住很不容易，出现诸多向好变化更为难得。这再次表明，人民有勇气、有智

慧、有能力战胜任何艰难险阻，经济有潜力、有韧性、有优势，的发展前景一定会更好。

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推荐第10篇：政府工作报告中英文对照版

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

在

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesivene of the Chinese nation, and raised China\'s international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addreing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.着力扩大居民消费。我们鼓励消费的政策领域之宽、力度之大、受惠面之广前所未有。中央财政投入资金 450亿元，补贴家电汽车摩托车下乡、汽车家电以旧换新和农机具购置。减半征收小排量汽车购置税，减免住房交易相关税收，支持自住性住房消费。全年汽车销售1364万辆，增长46.2%；商品房销售9.37亿平方米，增长42.1%；社会消费品零售总额实际增长16.9%，消费对经济增长的拉动作用明显增强。

We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners\' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%; commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%; and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms: Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.促进投资快速增长。我们发挥政府投资“四两拨千斤”的作用，引导带动社会投资。实施两年新增4万亿元的投资计划。2009年中央政府公共投资9243亿元，比上年预算增加5038亿元，其中，保障性住房、农村民生工程、社会事业投资占44%，自主创新、结构调整、节能减排和生态建设占16%，重大基础设施建设占23%，灾后恢复重建占14%。全社会固定资产投资增长30.1%，投资结构进一步优化。投资快速增长有效弥补了外需下降的缺口，加强了薄弱环节，为经济社会长远发展奠定了坚实的基础。

We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government\'s public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year\'s budget.Of this, 44% was invested in.low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs; 16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emiions reductions, and ecological improvement; 23% in major infrastructure projects; and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed aet investment increased .30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development 我们加快推进汶川地震灾后恢复重建，重灾区已完成投资6545亿元，占规划总投资的65.5%。国家的大力支持，全国人民的无私援助，灾区群众的艰苦奋斗，使遭受重大创伤的灾区呈现出崭新面貌。一座座新城拔地而起，一个个村庄焕发出蓬勃生机。这充分体现了中华民族的无疆大爱，有力彰显了社会主义制度的无比优越。

We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government\'s strong support, the selfle aistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundle love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.

（二）大力调整经济结构，夯实长远发展基础。我们把保增长与调结构紧密结合起来，加快解决制约经济发展的结构性矛盾。

2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.“三农”工作进一步加强。中央财政用于“三农”的支出7253亿元，增长21.8%。大幅度提高粮食最低收购价。启动实施全国新增千亿斤粮食生产能力建设规划。继续改善农村生产生活条件，农村饮水安全工程使6069万农民受益，新增510万沼气用户，新建和改造农村公路38万公里、农村电网线路26.6万公里，又有80万户农村危房得到改造，9.2万户游牧民实现了定居。我们加大扶贫力度，贫困地区的生产生活条件得到明显改善。

We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of \'the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1.million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.产业结构调整力度加大。制定并实施十大重点产业调整振兴规划。鼓励企业加快技术改造，安排200亿元技改专项资金支持4441个技改项目。重点行业兼并重组取得新进展。下大力气抑制部分行业产能过剩和重复建设，关停小火电机组2617万千瓦，淘汰落后的炼钢产能1691万吨、炼铁产能2113万吨、水泥产能7416万吨、焦炭产能1809万吨。加快实施国家科技重大专项，中央财政用于科技的支出1512亿元，增长30%。积极支持自主创新产品推广应用，清洁能源、

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综合治理水土流失面积4.8万平方公里。加强\"三河三湖\"等重点流域水污染防治和工业废水废气废渣治理。“十一五”前四年累计单位国内生产总值能耗下降 14.38%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分别下降9.66%和13.14%。积极开展应对气候变化工作，明确提出2020年我国控制温室气体排放行动目标和政策措施。气象预报预警和地震监测工作得到加强，灾害防御能力不断提升。

We made solid progre in conserving energy, reducing emiions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38%，and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emiions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country\'s targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emiions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning; as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.区域协调发展迈出新步伐。深入实施区域发展总体战略，制定若干区域发展重大规划和政策。中西部和东北地区加快开放开发，积极承接产业转移，发展基础不断夯实；东部地区加快结构和自主创新，经济发展活力增强。区域发展呈现布局改善、结构优化、协调性提高的良好态势。

We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development; and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.

3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.重点领域和关键环节改革加快推进。增值税转型全面实施。成品油价格和税费改革顺利推进，新的成品油价格形成机制规范运行。国家开发银行商业化转型和农业银行股份制改革扎实推进，跨境贸易人民币结算试点启动实施。创业板正式推出，为自主创新及其他成长型创业企业开辟了新的融资渠道。地方政府机构改革有序开展，事业单位分类改革试点稳步进行。集体林权制度改革全面推开，15亿亩林地确权到户，占全国集体林地面积的60%，这是继土地家庭承包之后我国农村经营制度的又一重大变革。

We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progre in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cro-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We proceeded with the reform of local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial of reforming institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the reform of tenure in collective forests.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60% of the country\'s total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China\'s rural operation system, and follows in the footsteps of the household land contract responsibility system.

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We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the iuance of short-term export credit insurance worth US$ 90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports: Since the second half of last year; falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises \"went global\" in spite of the adverse situation; non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.

4.Striving to improve people\'s wellbeing and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people\'s wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.实施更加积极的就业政策。强化政府促进就业的责任。中央财政安排就业专项资金426亿元，比上年增长 59%。实施困难企业缓缴社会保险费或降低部分费率、再就业税收减免及提供相关补贴等政策，鼓励企业稳定和增加就业。开展系列就业服务活动，多渠道开辟公益性就业岗位，促进高校毕业生到基层就业、应征入伍和到企事业单位就业见习。全年组织2100万城乡劳动者参加职业培训。这些措施促进了就业的基本稳定。

We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The central government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59%.For distreed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.加快完善社会保障体系。普遍建立养老保险省级统筹制度，出台包括农民工在内的城镇企业职工养老保险关系转移接续办法。在320个县开展新型农村社会养老保险试点，推动我国社会保障制度建设迈出历史性步伐。中央财政安排社会保障资金2906亿元，比上年增长16.6%。企业退休人员基本养老金连续5年增加，去年又人均提高10%。农村五保户供养水平、优抚对象抚恤补助标准、城乡低保对象保障水平都有新的提高。中央财政安排保障性安居工程补助资金551亿元，比上年增长2倍。新建、改扩建各类保障性住房200万套，棚户区改造解决住房130万套。全国社会保障基金积累6927亿元，比上年增长44.2%。社会保障体系得到加强。

We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties - a historic step forward in the development of China\'s social security system.The central government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6%.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10% rise per person.We provided better care for childle and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The central government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1:3 million housing units in run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.\'7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2%.We strengthened the social security system.进一步促进教育公平。大幅度增加全国教育支出，其中中央财政支出1981亿元，比上年增长23.6%。全面落实城乡义务教育政策，中央下达农村义务教育经费666亿元，提前一年实现农村中小学生人均公用经费500元和300元的目标。实行义务教育阶段教师绩效工资制度。中等职业学校农村家庭经济困难学生和涉农专业学生免学费政策开始实施。国家助学制度不断完善，资助学生2871万人，基本保障了困难家庭的孩子不因贫困而失学。

We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including central government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of central government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system; which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.稳步推进医药卫生事业改革发展。组织实施医药卫生体制改革。中央财政医疗卫生支出1277亿元，比上年增长49.5%。城镇职工和城镇居民基本医疗保险参保4.01亿人，新型农村合作医疗制度覆盖8.3亿人。中央财政安排429亿元，解决关闭破产国有企业退休人员医疗保险问题。基本药物制度在30％的基层医疗卫生机构实施。中央财政支持建设了一批县级医院、乡镇中心卫生院和社区卫生服务中心。启动实施扩大乙肝疫苗接种等重大公共卫生服务专项。加强食品、药品安全专项整治。面对突如其来的甲型HlN1流感疫情，我们依法科学有序地开展防控工作，有效保障了人民群众生命安全，维护了社会正常秩序。

We made steady progre in the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We organized the implementation of the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems.The central government spent 127.7 billion yuan on medical and health care, an increase of 49.5%.A total of 401 million urban workers and non-working urban residents subscribed to basic medical insurance; and coverage of the new type of rural cooperative medical care system reached $30 million people.The central government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30% of primary-level medical and health care institutions.Central government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A (H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people\'s lives and maintained normal order in society.在国际金融危机严重冲击、世界经济负增长的背景下，我国取得这样的成绩极为不易。这是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央统揽全局、正确领导的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民和衷共济、团结奋斗的结果。在这里，我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚的感谢！

It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy: They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the Mate Council, I hereby expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, ma organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also expre our sincere thanks to our

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China\'s modernization.一年来，我们认真贯彻落实科学发展观，积极应对国际金融危机，全面做好政府工作，有以下几点体会：必须坚持运用市场机制和宏观调控两种手段，在坚持市场经济改革方向、发挥市场配置资源基础性作用、激发市场活力的同时，充分发挥我国社会主义制度决策高效、组织有力、集中力量办大事的优势。必须坚持处理好短期和长期两方面关系，注重远近结合、标本兼治，既克服短期困难、解决突出矛盾，又加强重点领域和薄弱环节、为长远发展奠定基础。必须坚持统筹国内国际两个大局，把扩大内需作为长期战略方针，坚定不移地实行互利共赢的开放战略，加快形成内需外需协调拉动经济增长的格局。必须坚持发展经济与改善民生、维护社会公平正义的内在统一，围绕改善民生谋发展，把改善民生作为经济发展的出发点、落脚点和持久动力，着眼维护公平正义，让全体人民共享改革发展成果，促进社会和谐稳定。必须坚持发挥中央和地方两个积极性，既强调统一思想、顾全大局，又鼓励因地制宜、探索创新，形成共克时艰的强大合力。这些经验对我们坚持中国特色社会主义道路，提高驾驭社会主义市场经济能力，推进现代化进程，具有重要而深远的意义。

In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development; vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market\'s vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system\'s advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long- and short-term interests, take into account long- and short-term needs, and addre both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people\'s wellbeing and safeguarding social fairne and justice; make improving people\'s wellbeing the focus of development, and the starting point, goal, and lasting driving force of economic development; strive to safeguard fairne and justice; ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development; and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While streing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the proce of modernization.

二、2010年主要任务

II.Main Tasks for 2010 今年是继续应对国际金融危机、保持经济平稳较快发展、加快转变经济发展方式的关键一年，是全面实现“十一五”规划目标、为“十二五”发展打好基础的重要一年。

This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.今年发展环境虽然有可能好于去年，但是面临的形势极为复杂。各种积极变化和不利影响此长彼消，短期问题和长期矛盾相互交织，国内因素和国际因素相互影响，经济社会发展中“两难”问题增多。从国际看，世界经济有望恢复性增长，国际金融市场渐趋稳定，经济全球化深入发展的大趋势没有改变，世界经济格局大变革、大调整孕育着新的发展机遇。同时，世界经济复苏的基础仍然脆弱，金融领域风险没有完全消除，各国刺激政策退出抉择艰难，国际大宗商品价格和主要货币汇率可能加剧波动，贸易保护主义明显抬头，加上气候变化、粮食安全、能源资源等全球性问题错综复杂，外部环境不稳定、不确定因素依

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

然很多。从国内看，我国仍处在重要战略机遇期。经济回升向好的基础进一步巩固，市场信心增强，扩大内需和改善民生的政策效应继续显现，企业适应市场变化的能力和竞争力不断提高。但是，经济社会发展中仍然存在一些突出矛盾和问题。经济增长内生动力不足，自主创新能力不强，部分行业产能过剩矛盾突出，结构调整难度加大；就业压力总体上持续增加和结构性用工短缺的矛盾并存；农业稳定发展和农民持续增收的基础不稳固；财政金融领域潜在风险增加；医疗、教育、住房、收入分配、社会管理等方面的突出问题亟待解决。我们必须全面、正确判断形势，决不能把经济回升向好的趋势等同于经济运行根本好转。要增强忧患意识，充分利用有利条件和积极因素，努力化解矛盾，更加周密地做好应对各种风险和挑战的准备，牢牢把握工作的主动权。

Although this year\'s development environment may be better than last year’s, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak; financial risks have not been completely eliminated; individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies; larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies; trade protectionism is clearly reaerting itself; and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people\'s wellbeing continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Neverthele, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth; our independent innovation capability is not strong; there is still considerable exce production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them; while the preure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor; the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers\' incomes growing steadily is weak; latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing; and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awarene of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.做好今年的政府工作，要认真贯彻党的十七大和十七届三中、四中全会精神，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，着力搞好宏观调控和保持经济平稳较快发展，着力加快经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整，着力推进改革开放和自主创新，着力改善民生和促进社会和谐稳定，全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，加快全面建设小康社会进程，努力实现经济社会又好又快发展。

To do a good job of our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the Seventeenth National Party Congre and the third and fourth plenary seions of the Seventeenth Central Committee; take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide; thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development; strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development; work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the pattern of economic development; pre ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation; strive to improve people\'s wellbeing and to promote social harmony and stability; make headway with our efforts to encourage socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development; pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects; and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长8％左右；城镇新增就业900万人以上，城镇登记失业率控制在4.6％

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

以内；居民消费价格涨幅3％左右；国际收支状况改善。这里要着重说明，提出国内生产总值增长8％左右，主要是强调好字当头，引导各方面把工作重点放到转变经济发展方式、调整经济结构上来。提出居民消费价格涨幅3％左右，综合考虑了去年价格变动的翘尾因素、国际大宗商品价格的传导效应、国内货币信贷增长的滞后影响以及居民的承受能力，并为资源环境税费和资源性产品价格改革留有一定空间。

This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8%, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6%, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3%, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stre that in targeting a GDP increase of around 8%, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus on transforming the pattern of economic development and restructuring the economy in their work.By targeting an increase in consumer prices of around 3%, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effects of last year\'s price changes, the reverberations caused by price changes for major international commodities, the continued impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit; and consumers\' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.今年要重点抓好八个方面工作：

This year we will focus on the following eight areas.

（一）提高宏观调控水平，保持经济平稳较快发展

1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development 要继续实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，保持政策的连续性和稳定性，根据新形势新情况不断提高政策的针对性和灵活性，把握好政策实施的力度、节奏和重点。处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理好通胀预期的关系。既要保持足够的政策力度、巩固经济回升向好的势头，又要加快经济结构调整、推动经济发展方式转变取得实质性进展，还要管理好通胀预期、稳定物价总水平。

We need to continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progre in transforming the pattern of economic development.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall level of prices stable.继续实施积极的财政政策。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.一是保持适度的财政赤字和国债规模。今年拟安排财政赤字10500亿元，其中中央财政赤字8500亿元，继续代发地方债2000亿元并纳入地方财政预算。这样的安排主要是考虑到今年财政收支矛盾仍然十分突出。从财政收入看，上一年一次性特殊增收措施没有或减少了，还要继续实施结构性减税政策，财政收入增长不会太快；从财政支出看，继续实施应对国际金融危机的一揽子计划，完成在建项目、加强薄弱环节、推进改革、改善民生、维护稳定等都需要增加投入。

First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year revenue will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenue, last year\'s one-off measures to increase revenue will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue to implement the policy of structural tax reductions; consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete work on projects now under construction, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people\'s wellbeing and maintain stability.二是继续实施结构性减税政策，促进扩大内需和经济结构调整。

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.三是优化财政支出结构，有保有压，把钱花在刀刃上。继续向“三农”、民生、社会事业等领域倾斜，支持节能环保、自主创新和欠发达地区的建设。严格控制一般性支出，大力压缩公用经费。

Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, and to improving people\'s wellbeing and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.四是切实加强政府性债务管理，增强内外部约束力，有效防范和化解潜在财政风险。同时，要依法加强税收征管和非税收入管理，严厉打击偷骗税行为，做到应收尽收。

Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenue in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.继续实施适度宽松的货币政策。

We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.一是保持货币信贷合理充裕。今年广义货币M2增长目标为17％左右，新增人民币贷款7.5万亿元左右。这两个指标虽然都低于去年实际执行结果，但仍然是一个适度宽松的政策目标，能够满足经济社会发展的合理资金需求。同时也有利于管理好通胀预期、提高金融支持经济发展的可持续性。

First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year\'s target for expanding the broad money supply (M2) is around 17%, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are le than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands of economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making financial support for economic development more sustainable.二是优化信贷结构。落实有保有控的信贷政策，加强对重点领域和薄弱环节的支持，有效缓解农户和小企业融资难问题，严格控制对“两高”行业和产能过剩行业的贷款。强化贷后管理，确保信贷资金支持实体经济。

Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others; increase support for important areas and weak links; effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businees have in obtaining financing; and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.三是积极扩大直接融资。完善多层次资本市场体系，扩大股权和债券融资规模，更好地满足多样化投融资需求。

Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and iuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.四是加强风险管理，提高金融监管有效性。探索建立宏观审慎管理制度，强化对跨境资本流动的有效监控，防范各类金融风险。继续完善人民币汇率形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上的基本稳定。

Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cro-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.积极扩大居民消费需求。继续提高农民收入、企业退休人员基本养老金、部分优抚对象待遇和城乡居民最低生活保障水平，增强居民特别是中低收入者消费能力。巩固扩大传统消费，积极培育信息、旅游、文化、健身、培训、养老、家庭服务等消费热点，促进消费结构优化升级。扩大消费信贷。加强商贸流通体系等基础设施建设，积极发展电子商务。整顿和规范市场秩序，

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

努力营造便利、安全、放心的消费环境。继续实施和完善鼓励消费的各项政策措施。大幅提高家电下乡产品最高限价，增加品种和型号，扩大补贴范围，完善补贴标准和办法，加强对中标企业的管理和考核，提高产品质量和服务水平；完善家电、汽车以旧换新和汽车、摩托车下乡政策，小排量汽车购置税按7.5％征收。我们一定要落实好这些政策措施，把好事办好，真正让广大群众得到实惠。

We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers\' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people\'s purchasing power, especially low- and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitne, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures for encouraging consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold, in the countryside, increase types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the criteria for qualifying for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5%.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.着力优化投资结构。各级政府投资都要集中力量保重点，严格控制新开工项目，资金安排主要用于项目续建和收尾，切实防止出现“半拉子”工程。扎实推进地震灾区恢复重建，保质保量完成任务。鼓励扩大民间投资，完善和落实促进民间投资的相关政策。加强和改进投资管理，严格执行用地、节能、环保、安全等市场准入标准和产业政策，切实防止重复建设。对有财政资金投入的建设项目，要加强全程监督，坚决避免以扩大内需为名，搞劳民伤财的形象工程和政绩工程。坚持科学民主决策，确保公共投资真正用于推进经济社会发展和改善人民生活，经得起实践和历史的检验。

We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects, and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment; strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety; and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people\'s lives and that will stand the test of practice and history.

（二）加快转变经济发展方式，调整优化经济结构

2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure 转变经济发展方式刻不容缓。要大力推动经济进入创新驱动、内生增长的发展轨道。

We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.继续推进重点产业调整振兴。

We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.一是加大技术改造力度。用好技改专项资金，引导企业开发新产品和节能降耗。

First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.二是促进企业兼并重组。打破行业垄断和地区封锁，推动优势企业兼并困难企业，加快淘汰落后产能。

Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies; remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises in acquiring ones in financial difficulties; and close down backward production facilities more quickly.三是全面提升产品质量。引导企业以品牌、标准、服务和效益为重点，健全质量管理体系，强化社会责任。切实加强市场监管和诚信体系建设，努力把我国产品质量提高到新水平。

Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems; focusing on brands, standards, service, and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility: We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China\'s products to a new level.大力培育战略性新兴产业。国际金融危机正在催生新的科技革命和产业革命。发展战略性新兴产业，抢占经济科技制高点，决定国家的未来，必须抓住机遇，明确重点，有所作为。要大力发展新能源、新材料、节能环保、生物医药、信息网络和高端制造产业。积极推进新能源汽车、“三网”融合取得实质性进展，加快物联网的研发应用。加大对战略性新兴产业的投入和政策支持。

We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground; therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities, and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progre in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks, and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.进一步促进中小企业发展。

We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.一是建立和完善中小企业服务体系。抓紧修订中小企业划分标准，加快中小企业公共服务平台、信息服务网络和小企业创业基地建设，进一步减少、简化行政审批，坚决清理和取消不合理收费。

First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for claifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them and bases for small busine startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.二是继续落实财政对中小企业支持政策。中央财政扶持中小企业发展专项资金安排106亿元。对部分小型微利企业实行所得税优惠政策。中央财政预算内技术改造专项投资要覆盖中小企业，地方政府也要加大投入。

Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The central government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.三是加强对中小企业的金融支持。完善小企业信贷考核体系。鼓励建立小企业贷款风险补偿基金。中小企业贷款税前全额拨备损失准备金。发展多层次中小企业信用担保体系，落实好对符合条件的中小企业信用担保机构免征营业税、准备金提取和代偿损失在税前扣除的政策。拓宽中小企业融资渠道，切实解决中小企业特别是小企业融资难问题。

Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit aement system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan lo reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting busine

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for loes from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.加快发展服务业。进一步提高服务业发展水平和在国民经济中的比重。大力发展金融、物流、信息、研发、工业设计、商务、节能环保服务等面向生产的服务业，促进服务业与现代制造业有机融合。大力发展市政公用事业、房地产和物业服务、社区服务等面向民生的服务业，加快发展旅游业，积极拓展新型服务领域。农村服务业基础薄弱、发展潜力大，要加快构建和完善以生产销售、科技信息和金融服务为主体的农村生产生活服务体系。加快建立公开平等规范的服务业准入制度，鼓励社会资本进入。进一步完善促进服务业发展的政策，逐步实现国家鼓励类服务业用电、用水、用气、用热与工业基本同价。

We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial design, commerce, energy conservation, and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate, and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people\'s wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair, and standardized system for licensing service providers and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development in the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for service industries encouraged by the state to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.打好节能减排攻坚战和持久战。

We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emiions.一要以工业、交通、建筑为重点，大力推进节能，提高能源效率。扎实推进十大重点节能工程、千家企业节能行动和节能产品惠民工程，形成全社会节能的良好风尚。今年要新增8000万吨标准煤的节能能力。所有新建、改建、扩建燃煤机组必须同步建成并运行烟气脱硫设施。

First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise the efficiency of energy consumption, especially in industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progre in the ten major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make saving energy a good habit throughout society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.Every newly built, renovated or expanded coal-fired power generating unit must be equipped with and continuously employ desulphurization equipment.二要加强环境保护。积极推进重点流域区域环境治理及城镇污水垃圾处理、农业面源污染治理、重金属污染综合整治等工作。新增城镇污水日处理能力1500万立方米、垃圾日处理能力6万吨。

Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key watersheds and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.三要积极发展循环经济和节能环保产业。支持循环经济技术研发、示范推广和能力建设。抓好节能、节水、节地、节材工作。推进矿产资源综合利用、工业废物回收利用、余热余压发电和生活垃圾资源化利用。

Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D in technology, demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and preure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.四要积极应对气候变化。大力开发低碳技术，推广高效节能技术，积极发展新能源和可再生能源，加强智能电网建设。加快

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

国土绿化进程，增加森林碳汇，新增造林面积不低于8880万亩。要努力建设以低碳排放为特征的产业体系和消费模式，积极参与应对气候变化国际合作，推动全球应对气候变化取得新进展。

Fourth, we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies; promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies; develop new and renewable energies; and intensify development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.92 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emiions.We will participate in international cooperation to addre climate changes and work for further progre in the global fight against climate change.推进区域经济协调发展。继续深入推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。认真落实促进区域经济社会发展的各项规划和政策。加快推进主体功能区建设。重点抓好西藏和四省藏区、新疆经济社会发展政策的制定和实施工作。加强对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区和贫困地区的支持。实施区域发展总体战略，重在发挥各地比较优势，有针对性地解决各地发展中的突出矛盾和问题；重在扭转区域经济社会发展差距扩大的趋势，增强发展的协调性；重在加快完善公共财政体系，促进基本公共服务均等化。

We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions\' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and snaking acce to basic public services more equal.

（三）加大统筹城乡发展力度，强化农业农村发展基础

3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas 在连续6年增产增收之后，更要毫不松懈地抓好“三农”工作。要按照统筹城乡发展的要求，坚持把解决好\"三农\"问题作为全部工作的重中之重，进一步强化强农惠农政策，协调推进工业化、城镇化和农业农村现代化，巩固和发展农业农村好形势。

After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all our work; further strengthen our policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers; coordinate industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural and rural modernization; and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收。稳定粮食生产，扩大油料种植面积，增加重要紧缺农产品供应，大规模开展粮棉油糖高产创建，大规模开展园艺产品生产和畜牧水产养殖标准化创建，保障“米袋子”、“菜篮子”安全。继续实施对种粮农民直接补贴，增加农资综合补贴、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴，中央财政拟安排补贴资金1335亿元，比上年增加60.4亿元。进一步提高粮食最低收购价，早籼稻、中晚籼稻、粳稻每斤分别提高3分、5分和1毛钱，小麦每斤提高3分钱，继续实施重要农产品临时收储政策，让农民得到更多实惠。加强对产粮大县、养猪大县、养牛大县的财政扶持。大力发展农产品加工业，推进农业产业化经营，支持批发市场和农贸市场升级改造，推动生产与市场对接。促进农民就业创业，多渠道增加农民收入。进一步加大扶贫开发力度。我们要坚持不懈地消除贫困落后，让农民群众早日过上富裕安康的生活。

We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable; expand the total area sown with oilseed; increase supplies of important agricultural products

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

in short supply; implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar; standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture; and ensure the security of the \"rice bag\" (grain supply) and \"vegetable basket\" (non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The central government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 0.06 yuan, 0.1 yuan and 0.2 yuan per kilogram respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 0.06 yuan per kilogram.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing, and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the proceing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businees, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelely to eradicate poverty and backwardne so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.加强农业基础设施建设。坚持财政支出优先支持农业农村发展，预算内固定资产投资优先投向农业基础设施和农村民生工程，土地出让收益优先用于农业土地开发和农村基础设施建设。中央财政拟安排\"三农\"投入8183亿元，比上年增加930亿元，地方各级财政也要增加投入。以主产区为重点，全面实施全国新增千亿斤粮食生产能力建设规划。以农田水利为重点，加强农业基础设施建设，加快大中型灌区的配套改造，扩大节水灌溉面积，建设高标准农田，完成大中型和重点小型病险水库除险加固任务。以良种培育为重点，加快农业科技创新和推广，实施好转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项。积极推进现代农业示范区建设。加快建设乡镇和区域性农技推广、动植物疫病防控、农产品质量监管等公共服务机构。

We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed aet investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and mediumsized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized, and key small reservoirs.With the focus on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modem agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.深化农村改革。毫不动摇地坚持农村基本经营制度，加快完善有关法律法规和政策，现有土地承包关系要保持稳定并长久不变。加强土地承包经营权流转的管理和服务，在依法自愿有偿流转基础上发展多种形式规模经营。继续推进农村综合改革。完善集体林权制度改革配套政策。启动国有林场改革。继续推进草原基本经营制度改革。发展农民专业合作社，提高农业组织化程度。加快培育小型农村金融机构，积极推广农村小额信用贷款，切实改善农村金融服务。深入推进乡镇机构改革。

We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system; quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies; and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for the reform of tenure in collective forests, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of gralands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.统筹推进城镇化和新农村建设。坚持走中国特色城镇化道路，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发展，着力提高城镇综合承载能力，发挥城市对农村的辐射带动作用，促进城镇化和新农村建设良性互动。壮大县域经济，大力加强县城和中心镇基础设施和环境建设，引导非农产业和农村人口有序向小城镇集聚，鼓励返乡农民工就地创业。城乡建设都要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度，切实保护农民合法权益。推进户籍制度改革，放宽中小城市和小城镇落户条件。有计划有步骤地解决好农民工在城镇的就业和生活问题，逐步实现农民工在劳动报酬、子女就学、公共卫生、住房租购以及社会保障方面与城镇居民享有同等待遇。进一步增加农村生产生活设施建设投入，启动新一轮农村电网改造，扩大农村沼气建设规模，今年再解决6000万农村人口的安全饮水问题，实施农村清洁工程，改善农村生产生活条件。我们要让符合条件的农业转移人口逐步变为城镇居民，也要让农民有一个幸福生活的美好家园。

We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will keep to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities; increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns; ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas; and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly flow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage returned rural migrant workers to start businees in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest poible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children\'s education, healthcare, housing, and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural work and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.

（四）全面实施科教兴国战略和人才强国战略

4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development 教育、科技和人才，是国家强盛、民族振兴的基石，也是综合国力的核心。

Education, science, and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.优先发展教育事业。强国必先强教。只有一流的教育，才能培养一流人才，建设一流国家。要抓紧启动实施国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要。着重抓好五个方面：

We will give high priority to the development of education.For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-cla education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.一是推进教育改革。要解放思想，大胆突破，勇于创新，鼓励试验，对办学体制、教学内容、教育方法、评价制度等进行系统改革。坚持育人为本，大力推进素质教育。探索适应不同类型教育和人才成长的学校管理体制和办学模式，提高办学和人才培养水平。鼓励社会力量兴办教育，满足群众多样化的教育需求。

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and carry out a systematic reform of the system for operating schools, curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore systems of school management and ways of providing education that are suitable for different types of education and the development of people with different skills, so that we run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet people\'s diverse demands for education.二是促进义务教育均衡发展。在合理布局的基础上，加快推进中西部地区初中校舍改造和全国中小学校舍安全工程，尽快使所有学校的校舍、设备和师资达到规定标准。为农村中小学班级配备多媒体远程教学设备，让广大农村和偏远地区的孩子共享优质教育资源。加强学前教育和特殊教育学校建设。加大对少数民族和民族地区教育的支持。

Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of itmior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and engtire that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as poible.We will provide multimedia distance learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have acce to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.三是继续加强职业教育。以就业为目标，整合教育资源，改进教学方式，着力培养学生的就业创业能力。

Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.With the goal of helping students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods; and focus on nurturing students\' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.四是推进高等学校管理体制和招生制度改革。进一步落实高等学校办学自主权，鼓励高等学校适应就业和经济社会发展需要，调整专业和课程设置，推动高等学校人才培养、科技创新和学术发展紧密结合，激励教师专注于教育，努力建设有特色、高水平大学。创建若干一流大学，培养杰出人才。中央财政要加大对中西部高等教育发展的支持。

Fourth, we will reform the management and admiions systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to Meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development; more intimately integrate personnel training; scientific and technological innovation, and academic development; inspire their teachers to concentrate on education; and become high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-cla universities that produce outstanding personnel.The central government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.五是加强教师队伍建设。从多方面采取措施，吸引优秀人才投身教育事业，鼓励他们终身从教。重点加强农村义务教育学校教师和校长培训，鼓励优秀教师到农村贫困地区从教。加强师德教育，增强教师的责任感和使命感。教育寄托着亿万家庭对美好生活的期盼，关系着民族素质和国家未来。不普及和提高教育，国家不可能强盛。这个道理我们要永远铭记。

Fifth, we will improve the ranks of our teachers.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue careers in education and devote their lives to it.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the profeional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and miion.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.大力发展科学技术。要认真贯彻自主创新的方针，全面推进创新型国家建设，加快实施科技重大专项。着力突破带动技术革命、促进产业振兴的关键科技问题，突破提高健康水平、保障改善民生的重大公益性科技问题，突破增强国际竞争力、维护国家安全的战略高技术问题。前瞻部署生物、纳米、量子调控、信息网络、气候变化、空天海洋等领域基础研究和前沿技术研究。

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

深化科技体制改革，着力解决科技与经济脱节的问题，推动以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系建设，促进科技资源优化配置、开放共享和高效利用。要大力实施知识产权战略，加强知识产权创造、应用和保护。进一步激发广大科技工作者和全社会的创新活力。

We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, comprehensively build an innovative country, and accelerate the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key scientific and technological problems that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major scientific and technological problems related to public welfare that can improve people\'s health and the quality of their lives, and in problems in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country\'s international competitivene and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nanoscience, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of the system for managing science and technology; strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy; promote the development of a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated; and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement the strategy for intellectual property rights and strengthen the creation, application and protection of them.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.加快人才资源开发。人才是

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

创新，培育骨干文化企业，生产更多健康向上的文化产品，满足人民群众多样化的文化需求。促进哲学社会科学、广播影视、新闻出版、档案事业发展，繁荣文学艺术创作，加强文物保护。积极开展对外文化交流，增强中华文化国际影响力。大力发展公共体育事业，广泛开展全民健身运动，提高人民的身体素质。中华民族不仅能够创造经济奇迹，也一定能够创造新的文化辉煌。

Over the past year, we vigorously developed non-profit cultural programs, sped up the reform of the cultural management system, improved the system of public cultural services, stimulated the rapid growth of our culture industry, brought prosperity to the culture market, and effectively expanded domestic demand.In the new year, we need to pay greater attention to and vigorously promote cultural progre.We will draw upon and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation, draw on and make use of the achievements of the cultures of other countries, and build a home of spirit shared by the whole Chinese nation.Our government needs to better carry out its responsibility for developing non-profit cultural programs and ensure that the people\'s basic demands are met and that their rights and interests are protected.We will give high priority to the primary, level, especially rural areas and the central and western regions in developing cultural infrastructure and allocating public cultural resources; make admiion to more art galleries, libraries, cultural centers and museums free of charge; and enrich the people\'s intellectual and cultural lives.We will continue to reform the cultural management system, support non-profit cultural programs, develop the culture industry, encourage cultural innovation, foster leading cultural enterprises, and produce more healthy and inspirational cultural works to meet the diverse cultural needs of our people.We will promote the development of philosophy, the social sciences, radio, television, film, the pre, publishing, and archives; make literary and artistic creation flourish; and strengthen the protection of our cultural heritage.We will vigorously develop cultural exchanges with foreign countries, and make Chinese culture more influential internationally.We will energetically develop recreational sports, launch an extensive exercise campaign for the general public, and improve the people\'s health.The Chinese nation can not only create economic miracles but also make brilliant new cultural achievements.

（六）着力保障和改善民生，促进社会和谐进步

6.Vigorously ensuring and improving people\'s wellbeing, and promoting social harmony and progre 改善民生是经济发展的根本目的。只有着力保障和改善民生，经济发展才有持久的动力，社会进步才有牢固的基础，国家才能长治久安。

Improving people\'s wellbeing is the fundamental goal of economic development.We can ensure that there is sustained impetus for economic development, a solid foundation for social progre, and lasting stability for the country only by working hard to ensure and improve people\'s wellbeing.千方百计扩大就业。这是保障和改善民生的头等大事。今年就业形势依然严峻，工作上不能有丝毫松懈。要继续实施积极的就业政策。中央财政拟投入433亿元用于促进就业。重点做好高校毕业生、农民工、就业困难人员就业和退伍转业军人就业安置工作。2009年到期的“五缓四减三补贴”就业扶持政策延长一年。加强政策支持和就业指导，鼓励高校毕业生到城乡基层、中西部地区和中小企业就业；拓宽就业、择业、创业渠道，鼓励自主创业、自谋职业等多种形式的灵活就业，以创业带动就业。建立健全公共投资带动就业的机制。继续加强职业技能培训，重点提高农民工和城乡新增劳动力的就业能力。完善就业服务体系，健全劳动力输出输入地区协调协作机制，引导劳动力特别是农民工有序流动。加快建立统一规范的人力资源市场。维护劳动者合法权益，构建和谐的劳动关系。我们要通过持之以恒的努力，创造更多的就业机会，让广大劳动者各尽所能、各得其所。

We will do everything in our power to increase employment.This is the top priority in our work of ensuring and improving people\'s wellbeing.This year the employment situation will still be serious, and we cannot slacken our efforts in the slightest.We need to continue to implement a proactive employment policy.The central government will allocate 43.3 billion yuan to stimulate employment.Emphasis will be given to helping college graduates, rural migrant workers, people experiencing employment difficulty, and demobilized military personnel find jobs.The \"five-four-three\" employment support policies, originally scheduled to expire in 2009, will be extended for another year.[These policies allow qualified enterprises to postpone their payments of five types of social security contributions; reduce urban workers\' contributions to four types of insurance funds, namely medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers\' compensation, and maternity insurance; and continue three types of subsidized,

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

enterprise-based job training programs.Tr.] We will increase policy support and employment guidance to encourage college graduates to take community-level jobs in urban and rural areas, and jobs in the central and western regions and in small and medium-sized enterprises.We will expand channels for seeking employment and starting businees.We will encourage different forms of flexible employment, including starting businees and finding jobs independently.We will also encourage job growth through the creation of new businees.We will establish a sound mechanism for stimulating employment through public investment.We will continue to strengthen vocational training, with the focus on increasing the employability of rural migrant workers and new members of the workforce in urban and rural areas.We will improve the employment services system, strengthen coordination and cooperation between labor-exporting and labor-importing regions, and guide workers in an orderly flow, especially rural migrant workers.We will accelerate the development of a unified and standardized human resources market.We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers and establish harmonious labor relations.We will work tirelely to create more job opportunities and to enable workers to tap their full potential and find suitable jobs.加快完善覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系。扎实推进新型农村社会养老保险试点，试点范围扩大到23%的县。加快解决未参保集体企业退休人员基本养老保障等遗留问题。将全国130万“老工伤”人员全部纳入工伤保险范围。积极推进农民工参加社会保险。加强城乡低保工作，切实做到动态管理、应保尽保。加强残疾人社会保障和服务体系建设，进一步落实好扶残助残的各项政策，为他们平等参与社会生活创造更好的环境。企业退休人员基本养老金今年再提高10%。各级政府要进一步增加社会保障投入，中央财政拟安排3185亿元。要多渠道增加全国社会保障基金，加强监管，实现保值增值。我们要加快构建更加完善的社会保障安全网，使人民生活有基本保障、无后顾之忧。

We will move faster to improve the social security system for both urban and rural residents.We will move steadily forward with the pilot program for a new old-age insurance system for rural residents by expanding it to 23% of the country\'s counties.We will act more quickly to solve longstanding problems, including the lack of basic old-age pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises that do not participate in group pension programs.Workers: compensation will be extended to all of the 1.3 million workers injured previous jobs who are not receiving benefits. We will work to extend coverage of social security to rural migrant workers.We will strengthen our work concerning subsistence allowances in both urban and rural areas, and ensure that it is managed in a manner that reflects changing conditions and that everyone who is entitled to such allowances receives them.We will work harder to build the social security and social services system for people with a disability, further implement policies for aisting and supporting them, and create a better environment for them to participate in social activities on an equal footing.We will increase basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by 10%.Governments at all levels need to spend more on social security, and the central government will appropriate 318.5 billion yuan for this purpose.We will increase the country\'s social security funds through multiple channels and strengthen oversight and supervision to maintain and increase their value.We will move faster to build a better social safety net to provide basic security to people and free them from worries.改革收入分配制度。合理的收入分配制度是社会公平正义的重要体现。我们不仅要通过发展经济，把社会财富这个“蛋糕”做大，也要通过合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。要坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，兼顾效率与公平，走共同富裕的道路。

We will reform the income distribution system.A rational income distribution system is an important manifestation of social fairne and justice.We will not only make the \"pie\" of social wealth bigger by developing the economy, but also distribute it well on the basis of a rational income distribution system.We need to uphold and improve the system in which distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution coexist, give due consideration to efficiency and fairne, and take the path to common prosperity.一要抓紧制定调整国民收入分配格局的政策措施，逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。加大财政、税收在收入初次分配和再分配中的调节作用。创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入。

First, we will promptly formulate policies and measures to adjust the distribution of national income, and gradually increase the proportion, of income individuals receive from the distribution of national income and the proportion of the primary distribution of income that goes to wages and salaries.We will strengthen the role of fiscal and taxation policies in adjusting the primary and secondary distribution of income.We will create conditions for

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

more people to earn income from property.二要深化垄断行业收入分配制度改革。完善对垄断行业工资总额和工资水平的双重调控政策。严格规范国有企业、金融机构经营管理人员特别是高管的收入，完善监管办法。

Second, we will deepen the reform of the income distribution system of monopoly industries.We will improve the policy of dual control over total payroll and wage scales in these industries.We will set strict standards for the income of executives, especially senior ones, of state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, and improve related oversight and supervision rules.三要进一步规范收入分配秩序。坚决打击取缔非法收入，规范灰色收入，逐步形成公开透明、公正合理的收入分配秩序，坚决扭转收入差距扩大的趋势。

Third, we will further standardize the pattern of income distribution.We will firmly crack down on and ban illegal income; regulate off-the-books income; gradually form a transparent, fair and rational pattern of income distribution; and resolutely reverse the widening income gap.促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。要坚决遏制部分城市房价过快上涨势头，满足人民群众的基本住房需求。

We will promote the steady and sound development of the real estate market.We will resolutely curb the precipitous rise of housing prices in some cities and satisfy people\'s basic need for housing.一是继续大规模实施保障性安居工程。中央财政拟安排保障性住房专项补助资金632亿元，比上年增加81亿元。建设保障性住房300万套，各类棚户区改造住房280万套。扩大农村危房改造试点范围。各级政府要切实负起责任，严格执行年度建设计划，确保土地、资金和优惠政策落实到位。

First, we will continue to carry out low-income housing projects on a large scale.The central government will allocate 63.2 billion yuan for low-income housing, an increase of 8.1 billion yuan over last year.We will build 3 million housing units for low-income families and renovate 2 8 million housing units in run-down areas.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas.Governments at all levels must genuinely take responsibility to ensure that the annual construction plan is strictly carried out and that policies concerning land, funding, and preferential treatment are implemented well.二是继续支持居民自住性住房消费。增加中低价位、中小套型普通商品房用地供应，加快普通商品房项目审批和建设进度。规范发展二手房市场，倡导住房租赁消费。盘活住房租赁市场。

Second, we will continue to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners\' residences.We will increase the land supply for building small and medium-sized condominiums to be sold at low and medium price levels, and expedite the approval procedure for and construction of such housing projects.We will standardize and develop the market for used homes, encourage home renting, and stimulate rental housing market.三是抑制投机性购房。加大差别化信贷、税收政策执行力度。完善商品房预售制度。

Third, we will rein in speculative housing purchases.We will intensify the implementation of differentiated credit and tax policies.We will improve the advance purchase system for commodity housing.四是大力整顿和规范房地产市场秩序。完善土地收入管理使用办法，抑制土地价格过快上涨。加大对圈地不建、捂盘惜售、哄抬房价等违法违规行为的查处力度。

Fourth, we will work to rectify and standardize the real estate market.We will improve the methods for managing and using income from land, and keep land prices from rising too fast.We will make greater efforts to deal with violations of laws and regulations such as keeping land unused, property hoarding, and price rigging.加快推进医药卫生事业改革发展。积极稳妥推进医药卫生体制改革，全面落实五项重点工作。继续扩大基本医疗保障覆盖面。今年要把城镇居民基本医保和新农合的财政补助标准提高到120元，比上年增长50%，并适当提高个人缴费标准。开展农村儿童白血病、先天性心脏病医疗保障试点，尽力为这些不幸的儿童和家庭提供更多帮助。在60％政府举办的基层医疗卫生机构实施基本药物制度，其他医疗机构也要优先选用基本药物。推进基本药物集中采购和统一配送。基本完成城乡基层医疗卫生机构建设规划，大规模开展适宜人才培养和培训。进一步完善支持村卫生室建设和乡村医生发展的政策措施。完善基层医疗卫生机构补偿机制，落实岗位绩效工资。开展社区首诊试点，推动形成基层医疗卫生机构和医院功能区分合理、协作配合、互相转诊的服务体系。切实加强甲型H1N1流感等重大传染病防控和慢性病、职业病、地方病防治，提高突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力。开展公立医院改革试点，坚持基本医疗的公益性方向，创新体制机制，充分调动医务人员积极性，提高服务质量，控制医疗费

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

用，改善医患关系。大力支持社会资本兴办医疗卫生机构，在服务准入、医保定点等方面一视同仁。扶持和促进中医药、民族医药事业发展。医药卫生事业改革发展关系人民身体健康和家庭幸福，我们要克服一切困难，把这个世界性难题解决好。

We will accelerate the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and comprehensively accomplish five key tasks.We will continue to expand the coverage of guaranteed basic medical care.This year we will raise government subsidies on basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and on the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 120 yuan per person per year, up 50% over last year, and appropriately increase rates for individual contributions.We will carry out a pilot program for ensuring that rural children with leukemia or congenital heart disease receive medical treatment and provide more aistance to these le fortunate children and their families.We will install the basic drug system in 60% of community medical institutions and urge other medical institutions to give high priority to the use of basic drugs.We will promote the centralized purchase and unified distribution of basic drugs.We will basically complete the plan for building community medical institutions in urban and rural areas, undertake personnel education and training on a large scale, and further improve the policies and measures for supporting the development of village clinics and rural doctors.We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing community medical institutions and link salaries to performance.We will carry out a pilot program for making community medical institutions the first option in medical treatment and work to create a service system in which hospitals and community medical institutions (each with its own well-defined functions) coordinate and collaborate with each other and refer cases to each other.We will strengthen prevention and control of influenza A (H1N1) and other major communicable diseases as well as chronic, occupational, and endemic diseases, and enhance our ability to handle public health emergencies.We will carry out a pilot reform of public hospitals; maintain the non profit nature of bask medical services; make institutional and procedural innovations; boost the morale of medical workers; raise the quality of service; control medical costs; and improve relations between medical service providers and consumers.We will energetically support the use of non-government capital to run medical and healthcare institutions, and such institutions will be treated the same as public hospitals in obtaining operating licenses and providing medical services covered by the public medical insurance system.We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities.The reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields affects the health of the people and the happine of their families; therefore, we must overcome all difficulties and solve this universal problem.做好人口和计划生育工作。继续稳定低生育水平。做好流动人口计划生育服务工作。落实好农村妇女妇科疾病定期检查和住院分娩补助政策。加强出生缺陷干预，开展免费孕前优生健康检查试点，做好孕产妇和婴幼儿保健工作。继续实施农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度和西部地区少生快富工程。切实保护好妇女和未成年人权益。加强应对人口老龄化战略研究，加快建立健全养老社会服务体系，让老年人安享晚年生活。

We will do a good job in population and family planning work. We will continue to maintain a low birthrate.We will provide good family planning services for the floating population.We will provide regular gynecological examinations and subsidize hospital childbirths for rural women.We will strengthen intervention in birth defects; carry out a pilot program of free pre-pregnancy checkups; and provide quality health services for infants, pre-school children, and prenatal and nursing women.We will continue to reward and support eligible rural families that comply with family planning regulations, and carry out the \"lower birthrate equals faster prosperity\" project in the western region.We will take effective measures to protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will intensify strategic research on coping with an aging population and move more quickly to create a sound system of old-age services so that people can live a happy life in their old age.

（七）坚定不移推进改革，进一步扩大开放

7.Firmly advancing reform and further expanding opening up 今年要继续深化重点领域和关键环节改革，努力实现新的突破。

This year we will continue to deepen reform in key areas and crucial links and work hard to achieve new breakthroughs.

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

我们要继续推进国有经济布局和结构战略性调整。加快大型国有企业特别是中央企业母公司的公司制改革，实现产权多元化，完善法人治理结构。加快推进垄断性行业改革，推进公用事业改革，切实放宽市场准入，积极引入竞争机制。着力营造多种所有制经济公平竞争的市场环境，更好地促进非公有制经济发展。

We will continue to make strategic adjustments in the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector.We will speed up the reform to introduce the corporate system in large state-owned enterprises, especially parent companies of enterprises under the central government, and we will diversify their ownership and improve their corporate governance.We will accelerate the reform of monopoly industries; promote reforms in public utilities; effectively expand market acce; and actively introduce competitive mechanisms.We will create a market environment for fair competition among economic entities under diverse forms of ownership and facilitate stronger growth of the non-public sector.深化资源性产品价格和环保收费改革，作为节约能源资源、保护环境、实现可持续发展的重要举措。要扩大用电大户与发电企业直接交易试点，推行居民用电用水阶梯价格制度，健全可再生能源发电定价和费用分摊机制。完善农业用水价格政策。改革污水处理、垃圾处理收费制度。扩大排污权交易试点。在推进这些改革中要注意协调好各方面利益关系，决不能让低收入群众的基本生活受到影响。

We will deepen the reform of prices for resource products and environmental protection charges.This is an important measure for conserving energy and resources, protecting the environment, and achieving sustainable development.We will expand the trial of direct transactions between major electricity consumers and producers; introduce tiered prices for household consumption of electricity and water; and improve the mechanism of price setting and cost sharing for electricity generated from renewable energy.We will improve the pricing policy for water used in apiculture.We will reform the system of sewage and garbage treatment charges.We will expand the trial of pollution rights trading.While pushing forward these reforms, we will balance the interests of different parties and ensure that the basic living conditions of people with low incomes are not adversely affected.要继续推进财税体制改革。健全公共财政体系。完善财政转移支付制度，加大一般性转移支付，增强地方政府提供基本公共服务的能力。健全省以下财政管理体制，完善县级基本财力保障机制，推进省直管县财政管理方式改革。全面编制中央和地方政府性基金预算，试编社会保险基金预算，完善国有资本经营预算制度。继续做好增值税转型工作。推进资源税改革。统一内外资企业和个人城建税、教育费附加制度。

We will continue to reform the fiscal and taxation systems.We will strengthen the public finance system.We will improve the system of transfer payments, increase general transfer payments, and enhance the ability of local governments to provide basic public services.We will strengthen the fiscal management system at and below the provincial level, set up a mechanism to ensure basic funding for county governments, and carry forward reforms that place county finances directly under the management of provincial governments.We will draw up budgets for all funds controlled by central and local governments, prepare budgets for social security funds on a trial basis, and improve the budget system for the use of state capital.We will continue to make progre in VAT reform.We will carry forward the reform of resource taxes.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges to foreign enterprises and nationals.健全金融体系是应对国际金融危机冲击的重要举措。要继续完善国有控股金融机构公司治理，改善经营管理机制，提高风险管控能力。继续推动政策性金融机构改革。稳步推进资产管理公司转型。深化农村信用社改革。推动中小金融机构规范发展。大力发展金融市场，鼓励金融创新。推进跨境贸易人民币结算试点，逐步发展境外人民币金融业务。推进存款保险制度建设。加快发展农业保险。

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

activities using the renminbi.We will continue building the deposit insurance system.We will speed up the development of agricultural insurance.要按照政事分开、事企分开和管办分离的要求，在科学分类的基础上，积极稳妥推进事业单位改革。

We will actively yet prudently push forward the reform of institutions on the basis of scientific claifications and in accordance with the requirements that government and busine functions be spun off from institutions, and that supervision be separated from day-to-day operations.我们的改革是全面的改革，包括经济体制改革、政治体制改革以及其他各领域的改革。没有政治体制改革，经济体制改革和现代化建设就不可能成功。要发展社会主义民主，切实保障人民当家作主的民主权利，特别是选举权、知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权。进一步扩大基层民主，健全基层自治组织和民主管理制度，让广大群众更好地参与管理基层公共事务。要坚持依法治国、依法行政。进一步健全法制，特别要重视那些规范和监督权力运行的法律制度建设。创新政府立法工作的方法和机制，扩大立法工作的公众参与。

The reforms we are undertaking, including economic and political restructuring and reforms in other areas, are comprehensive.Without political restructuring, it would not be poible for economic restructuring and the modernization drive to succeed.We will develop socialist democracy, and effectively safeguard the democratic rights of the people as masters of the country, particularly their rights to vote and to stay informed about, participate and in, expre views on, and oversee government affairs.We will further expand primary-level democracy, strengthen primary-level self-governing bodies, and improve the system of democratic administration at the primary level so that the people can better participate in the management of local public affairs.We will uphold the rule of law and continue to run the government in accordance with the law.We will further improve the legal system, particularly laws concerning the standardization and oversight of the exercise of power.We will innovatively revise the methods and mechanisms of the government\'s legislative Work and expand public participation in it.我们要全面适应国际形势变化和国内发展要求，拓展对外开放的广度和深度。

We will fully adapt to changes in the international situation, meet the needs of domestic development, and expand the breadth and depth of opening up.稳定发展对外贸易。今年的主要着力点是拓市场、调结构、促平衡。坚持实施市场多元化战略和以质取胜战略，落实和完善出口退税、出口信贷、出口信用保险等各项政策措施，继续改善海关、质检、外汇等方面的服务。巩固传统市场，大力开拓新兴市场。优化出口产品结构，稳定劳动密集型产品出口，扩大机电产品和高新技术产品出口，大力发展服务贸易和服务外包，努力培育出口品牌和营销网络，继续严格控制“两高一资”产品出口。积极推进加工贸易转型升级。促进进出口平衡发展，重点扩大先进技术装备、关键零部件和国内紧缺物资进口，稳定各项进口促进政策和便利化措施，敦促发达国家放宽高新技术产品出口限制。

We will steadily develop foreign trade.This year the main focus is on opening new markets and adjusting the foreign trade.We will adhere to the strategy of diversifying markets and the strategy of competing on quality; implement and improve policies and measures on export tax rebates, export credit, and export credit insurance; and continue to improve services related to customs, quality inspection, and foreign exchange.We will strengthen traditional markets and vigorously develop new markets.We will improve the export mix; stabilize exports of labor-intensive products; increase exports of electromechanical products as well as new-and high-technology products; energetically develop trade in services and service outsourcing; strive to cultivate exports of brand-name products and develop marketing networks and continue to strictly limit exports of resource products and products whose production consumes large quantities of energy and resources or is highly polluting.We will vigorously promote the transformation and upgrading of the proceing trade.We will promote the balanced development of imports and exports; focus on increasing imports of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts, and goods in short supply domestically; keep all policies and measures for promoting and facilitating imports stable; and urge developed countries to ease export restrictions on new-and high-technology products to China.推动利用外资和对外投资协调发展。优化利用外资结构，鼓励外资投向高端制造业、高新技术产业、现代服务业、新能源和节能环保产业，鼓励跨国公司在华设立地区总部等各类功能性机构，鼓励中外企业加强研发合作。鼓励外资参与国内企业改组改造和兼并重组，加快建立外资并购安全审查制度。促进“引资”与“引智”相结合。引导外资向中西部地区转移和增加投资。

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

加快实施“走出去”战略，鼓励符合国外市场需求的行业有序向境外转移产能，支持有条件的企业开展海外并购，深化境外资源互利合作，提高对外承包工程和劳务合作的质量。进一步简化各类审批手续，落实企业境外投资自主权。“走出去”的企业要依法经营，规避风险，防止恶性竞争，维护国家整体利益和良好形象。

We will promote coordination between using other countries\' investment in China and making Chinese investment overseas.We will optimize the utilization of foreign investment; encourage more foreign investment in high-end manufacturing, new-and high-technology industries, modern service industries, and the new energy, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries; encourage multinational corporations to set up regional headquarters and other functional agencies in China; and encourage Chinese and foreign enterprises to strengthen cooperation in MD.We will encourage the use of foreign investment for restructuring, upgrading, merging, and reorganizing Chinese companies, and quickly establish a security review system for mergers and acquisitions involving foreign investment.We will work to attract both investment and talent from overseas.We will guide foreign investors to transfer and increase their investments to the central and western regions.We will accelerate the implementation of the \"go global\" strategy; encourage Chinese industries whose products are in demand in foreign markets to transfer their production capacity overseas in an orderly manner; support qualified enterprises to carry out overseas mergers and acquisitions; deepen mutually beneficial cooperation concerning foreign resources; and improve the quality of overseas contracted projects and labor service cooperation.We will further simplify examination and approval procedures, and give enterprises decision-making power over their overseas investments.Enterprises that have \"gone global\" should operate in accordance with the law, avoid risks, prevent vicious competition, and safeguard the country\'s overall interests and good image.深化多边双边经贸合作。加强和改善与发达国家的经贸关系，深化与发展中国家的互利合作，认真落实中非务实合作八项新举措。发挥经济高层对话和双边经贸联委会作用。加快自由贸易区建设步伐。积极参与多哈回合谈判，推动早日达成更加合理、平衡的谈判结果。反对各种形式的保护主义，妥善处理贸易摩擦。

We will deepen multilateral and bilateral busine cooperation.We will strengthen and improve busine ties with developed countries, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries, and conscientiously implement the eight new policy measures for China\'s pragmatic cooperation with African countries.We will make full use of the role of high-level economic dialogue and bilateral economic and trade joint commiions.We will quicken the pace of establishing free trade zones.We will actively \'participate in the Doha round of trade talks to reach a more reasonable and balanced outcome as early as poible.We will oppose protectionism in all forms and properly handle trade frictions.上海世博会即将拉开帷幕。要加强与各参展国家、地区和国际组织的合作，把上海世博会办成一届成功、精彩、难忘的盛会，办成一届促进人类文明进步，促进科技创新，促进我国与世界各国交流合作、共同发展的盛会。

The Shanghai World Expo will open soon.We will strengthen cooperation with all participating countries, regions, and international organizations to make the Expo a succeful, spectacular, and unforgettable event, and one that promotes the progre of human civilization, scientific and technological innovation, and exchanges and cooperation between, and common development of China and other countries of the world.

（八）努力建设人民满意的服务型政府

8.Working hard to build a service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with 一年来，政府自身改革和建设取得新进展。为应对各种困难，我们特别注意发扬民主、倾听基层群众意见，重视维护群众利益。广大公务员兢兢业业、勤勉尽责，为保增长、保民生、保稳定作出了积极贡献。但是政府工作与人民的期望还有较大差距。职能转变不到位，对微观经济干预过多，社会管理和公共服务比较薄弱；一些工作人员依法行政意识不强；一些领导干部脱离群众、脱离实际，形式主义、官僚主义严重；一些领域腐败现象易发多发。我们要以转变职能为核心，深化行政管理体制改革，大力推进服务型政府建设，努力为各类市场主体创造公平的发展环境，为人民群众提供良好的公共服务，维护社会公平正义。

Over the past year, new progre was made in government self-reform and self-development.To deal with difficulties of all kinds, we paid particular attention to promoting democracy, listening to the opinions of the maes, and protecting their interests.Our civil servants are devoted, diligent and responsible, and they made positive contributions to sustaining economic growth and ensuring people\'s well-being and maintaining stability.Neverthele,

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

the government\'s work still fell considerably short of public expectations.The transformation of government functions is incomplete; there is too much government interference in the micro-economy, and public administration and services are relatively weak.Some government employees give too little consideration to carrying out their official duties in accordance with the law; some leading cadres are divorced from reality and the maes, and are exceively formalistic and bureaucratic; and some areas are prone to corruption.With the focus on transforming government functions, we will deepen reform of the administrative system, work hard to make the government devoted to service, strive to create a fair development environment for all types of market entities, deliver quality public services to the maes, and uphold social fairne and justice.我们要全面正确履行政府职能，更加重视公共服务和社会管理。加快健全覆盖全民的公共服务体系，全面增强基本公共服务能力。健全重大自然灾害、突发公共安全事件应急处理机制。加强防灾减灾能力建设。加强食品药品质量监管，做好安全生产工作，遏制重特大事故发生。

We will fully and properly perform government functions and attach greater importance to public services and administration.We will quickly improve the public service system with full coverage for all, and comprehensively improve our ability to provide basic public services.We will improve the mechanisms for responding to major natural disasters and emergencies that threaten public safety.We will improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.We will strengthen the oversight and supervision of food and drug quality.We will ensure workplace safety and reduce the occurrence of major accidents.要适应新形势，推进社会管理体制改革和创新，合理调节社会利益关系。认真解决企业改制、征地拆迁、环境保护、劳动争议、涉法涉诉等领域损害群众利益的突出问题，保障人民群众的合法权益。加强和改进信访工作。改善流动人口管理和服务。加强社会治安综合治理，着力解决突出治安问题，防范和依法严厉打击各类违法犯罪活动，维护国家安全和社会稳定。

We need to adapt to new circumstances, promote reform and innovation in the public administration system, and properly adjust the relationships between different interests.We will earnestly deal with serious infringements on the interests of the people related to conversion of enterprises to a stockholding system, land expropriation, housing demolition and resident relocation, environmental protection, labor disputes, and legal and litigation iues in order to safeguard the people\'s lawful rights and interests.We will improve the handling of public complaints lodged via letters or visits.We will improve supervision of and services for the floating population.We will strengthen all facets of public security, focus on resolving serious public security iues, and guard against and severely crack down on crimes of all sorts in accordance with the law in order to safeguard national security and social stability.要努力提高执行力和公信力。坚持决策的科学化、民主化，使各项政策更加符合实际、经得起检验。加强对政策执行情况的检查监督，做到令行禁止。强化行政问责，对失职渎职、不作为和乱作为的，要严肃追究责任。各地区、各部门对中央的决策部署要执行有力，绝不允许各自为政。各级行政机关及其公务员要自觉遵守宪法和法律，严格依法行政。切实改进行政执法工作，努力做到规范执法、公正执法、文明执法。加快建立健全决策、执行、监督相互制约又相互协调的行政运行机制。

We will work hard to improve our executive ability and earn greater public trust.We will continue to make decision making more scientific and democratic, and ensure that all of our policies are more suitable to conditions and can stand the test of time.We will strengthen inspection and oversight of policy implementation and ensure that all orders are carried out and all prohibitions are observed.We will strengthen administrative accountability.All persons who are derelict in their duty, fail to do their jobs or do them irresponsibly will be held fully accountable.All localities and departments must implement the decisions and arrangements of the central leadership effectively, and they may never go their own way.Government agencies at all levels and their civil servants must conscientiously abide by the Constitution and laws and carry out their administrative duties in strict accordance with the law.We will effectively improve law enforcement in government administration and work to ensure that laws are enforced in a standard, fair and civil manner.We will accelerate the establishment of a sound operating mechanism for government administration, one that allows decision making, enforcement, and oversight departments to restrain and coordinate with each other.要把反腐倡廉建设摆在重要位置，这直接关系政权的巩固。各级领导干部特别是高级干部要坚决执行中央关于报告个人经济和财产，包括收入、住房、投资，以及配偶子女从业等重大事项的规定，并自觉接受纪检部门的监督。要把查处违法违纪大案要案，作为反腐败的重要任务。充分发挥监察、审计部门的作用，加强对行政权力运行的监督。要建立健全惩治和预防腐败体

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

系的各项制度，特别要健全公共资源配置、公共资产交易、公共产品生产等领域的管理制度，增强制度约束力。要坚持勤俭行政，反对铺张浪费，不断降低行政成本。严格控制楼堂馆所建设，禁止高档装修办公楼，加快公务接待、公车使用等制度改革，从严控制公费出国出境。切实精简会议和文件，特别要减少那些形式重于内容的会议、庆典和论坛。要深入推进政务公开，完善各类公开办事制度和行政复议制度，创造条件让人民批评政府、监督政府，同时充分发挥新闻舆论的监督作用，让权力在阳光下运行。

We will give high priority to fighting corruption and encouraging integrity.This has a direct bearing on the firmne of our grip on political power.Leading cadres at all levels, especially high-ranking ones, must resolutely implement the central leadership\'s regulations on reporting the main facts concerning their personal financial situations and property, including their incomes, housing and investments, as well as the jobs of their spouses and children, and willingly accept the oversight of departments for discipline inspection.We will make investigating and prosecuting major violations of the law and discipline an important task in the fight against corruption.We will get supervision and auditing departments to fully play their role in strengthening oversight of the exercise of administrative power.We will create a sound body of regulations to prevent and punish corruption, particularly administrative regulations concerning the allocation of public resources, trade in public aets, and the production of public goods, and we will also enhance their binding force.We will run the government diligently and frugally, oppose extravagance and waste, and constantly reduce administrative costs.We will strictly control the construction of office buildings for Party and government bodies, prohibit extravagant remodeling of their office buildings, accelerate the reform of regulations concerning official receptions and the use of official cars, and firmly restrict the use of public funds for traveling abroad.We will effectively reduce the number of meetings and documents, particularly meetings, celebrations, and forums that are long on form and short on content.We will promote transparency of administrative affairs, improve regulations for transparent governance and administrative review, create conditions for the people to criticize and oversee the government, let the news media fully play their oversight role, and exercise power openly.我们所做的一切都是要让人民生活得更加幸福、更有尊严，让社会更加公正、更加和谐。

Everything we do we do to ensure that the people live a happier life with more dignity and to make our society fairer and more harmonious.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 促进民族团结，实现共同进步，是中华民族的生命、力量和希望所在。要巩固和发展平等、团结、互助、和谐的社会主义民族关系。认真落实中央支持少数民族和民族地区发展的政策措施，优先支持边疆民族地区加快发展。加快完成边境一线地区危旧房改造，实施游牧民定居工程。新型农村社会养老保险要优先在边境县、民族地区贫困县试点。加大扶持人口较少民族发展力度。继续推进兴边富民行动。重视保护少数民族文化遗产和民族地区生态环境。切实做好少数民族流动人口公共服务、就业和管理工作，保障他们的合法权益。同时，加强国家意识、公民意识教育。我们要旗帜鲜明地反对民族分裂，维护祖国统一，让少数民族和民族地区各族群众充分感受到祖国大家庭的温暖。

The Chinese nation\'s life, strength and hope lie in promoting solidarity achieving common progre of our ethnic groups.We must consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, unity, mutual aistance, and harmony.We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures of the central leadership to support development of ethic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and give high priority to supporting acceleration of the development of ethnic minority border areas.We will accelerate renovation of dilapidated buildings along our borders, and build permanent housing for nomads.Pilot programs for the new system of old-age insurance for rural residents need to be launched first in border counties and poverty-stricken counties in ethnic minority areas, will increase our support for the development of ethnic groups with small populations.We will continue to bring prosperity to border areas and the people who live there.We will give high priority to protecting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities and the ecosystems in ethnic minority areas.We will do a good job in our work concerning public services and employment for and supervision of floating populations from ethnic minorities, and protect their lawful rights and interests.In addition, we will cultivate national consciousne and the sense of citizenship.We need to take a clear-cut

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

stand against attempts to split the nation, safeguard national unity, and get ethnic minorities and the people of all ethnic groups who live in ethnic minority areas to feel the warmth of the motherland as one large family.我们要全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，依法管理宗教事务。发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济发展和社会和谐中的积极作用。

We will fully implement the Party\'s basic policies on religious work, and manage religious affairs in accordance with the law.We will get religious figures and religious believers to fully play their role in promoting economic development and social harmony.我们要认真贯彻党的侨务政策。维护海外侨胞、归侨侨眷的合法权益，支持他们传承中华文化，参与祖国现代化建设和促进和平统一大业。

We will earnestly implement the Party\'s policy on overseas Chinese affairs.We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and support them in paing on Chinese culture, participating in the motherland\'s modernization, and promoting the great cause of peaceful reunification.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 过去一年，国防和军队现代化建设取得新的成就。人民解放军和武警部队圆满完成国庆首都阅兵、重点地区维稳等重大任务，为维护国家安全和发展利益发挥了重要作用。新的一年，要紧紧围绕党和国家工作大局，着眼全面履行新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，按照革命化现代化正规化相统一的原则，加强军队全面建设。以增强打赢信息化条件下局部战争能力为核心，提高应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事任务的能力。大力加强军队思想政治建设。加快全面建设现代后勤步伐。加强国防科研和武器装备建设。依法治军、从严治军，提高军队正规化水平。积极稳妥地深化国防和军队改革。加强武警部队现代化建设，增强执勤、处置突发事件、反恐、维稳能力。加强国防动员和后备力量建设。各级政府要一如既往地关心支持国防和军队建设，巩固和发展军政军民团结。

Last year further achievements were made in the modernization of national defense mid the People\'s Liberation Army (PLA).The PLA and the People\'s Armed Police Force completed the major tasks of staging the National Day military parade in the capital and safeguarding stability in key areas, and played an important role in safeguarding the country\'s security and development interests.This year, we need to focus on the overall work of the Party and government and strengthen all aspects of the army in accordance with the principle of making it more revolutionary, modem, and standardized, so that it can complete its miions in this new stage and this new century.We will concentrate on making the army better able to win informationized local wars, and will enhance its ability to respond to multiple security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks.We will work to strengthen the army ideologically and politically.We will accelerate the comprehensive development of a modem military logistics system.We will intensify R&D on national defense and the development of weapons and equipment.We will run the army strictly and in accordance with the law and make it more standardized.We will actively yet prudently deepen reform of national defense and the army.We will modernize improve the armed police force, and make it better able to carry out its duties, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will strengthen our national defense mobilization and reserve forces.Governments at all levels should, as always, care about and support the strengthening of national defense and the army, and consolidate and develop unity between the army and the government as well as between the army and the people.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 我们将坚定不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，全力支持香港、澳门保持长期繁荣稳定。支持香港巩固并提升国际金融、贸易、航运中心地位，发展优势产业，培育新的经济增长点。支持澳门发展旅游休闲产业，促进经济适度多元化。要认真实施珠江三角洲地区改革发展规划纲要，积极推进港珠澳大桥等大型跨境基础设施建设和珠海横琴岛开发，深化粤港澳合作，密切内地与港澳的经济联系。伟大祖国永远是香港、澳门的坚强后盾。只要特别行政区政府与各界人士同心协力，包容共济，共同维护繁荣稳定发展的大局，香港、澳门的明天一定会更加美好。

We will unswervingly implement the principle of \"one country, two systems,\" under which the people of Hong

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

Kong administer Hong Kong, and the people of Macao administer Macao both with a high degree of autonomy, and fully support Hong Kong and Macao in maintaining long-term prosperity and stability.We will support Hong Kong in consolidating and elevating its position as an international financial, trade, and shipping center; developing industries with local advantages; and fostering new areas of economic growth.We will support Macao in developing its tourism and leisure industry and appropriately diversifying its economy.We will conscientiously implement the Outline of the Program for Reform and Development of the Pearl River Delta, vigorously promote the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and other major cro-boundary infrastructure projects as well as the development of Zhuhai\'s Hengqin Island, deepen cooperation between Guangdong and the Hong Kong and Macao regions, and increase economic ties between the mainland and these two regions.The great motherland will remain a staunch supporter of Hong Kong and Macao forever.As long as the governments of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and their people from all walks of life work together; accommodate and help each other; and jointly safeguard overall prosperity, stability, and development, Hong Kong and Macao will enjoy a brighter future.过去的一年，两岸关系在新的历史起点上取得重要进展，呈现和平发展良好势头。两岸交流合作不断深入，全面直接双向“三通”得以实现。经济关系正常化迈出重要步伐，经济合作制度化建设逐步推进。两岸关系持续改善和发展，给两岸同胞带来了实实在在的利益。

Last year relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits made important progre from a historic new starting point, and a positive trend toward peaceful development emerged.Cro-Straits exchanges and cooperation constantly deepened, and complete, direct, two-way mail, transport and trade links were established.We took important steps to normalize cro-Straits economic relations, and economic cooperation between the two sides gradually became institutionalized.The constant improvement and development of cro-Straits relations brought real benefits to our compatriots on both sides.在新的一年里，我们要继续坚持发展两岸关系、促进祖国和平统一的大政方针，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展的主题，不断开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。密切两岸经贸金融交往，深化产业合作，支持在大陆的台资企业发展，维护台胞合法权益。鼓励有条件的大陆企业赴台投资。支持海峡西岸经济区在两岸交流合作中发挥先行先试作用。通过商签两岸经济合作框架协议，促进互利共赢，建立具有两岸特色的经济合作机制。拓展文化教育交流，共同弘扬中华文化。加强两岸民众和社会各界交流，共同分享两岸关系和平发展成果，进一步凝聚推动两岸关系和平发展的共识。坚持大陆和台湾同属一个中国，巩固两岸关系和平发展的政治基础，增强两岸政治互信。我们坚信，全体中华儿女同心协力，祖国完全统一的宏伟大业一定能够实现！

In the new year, we will continue to adhere to the principle of developing cro-Straits relations and promoting peaceful reunification of the motherland, firmly embrace the theme of peaceful development of cro-Straits relations and constantly create new conditions for it.We will strengthen economic, trade, and financial contacts between the two sides; deepen industrial cooperation; support the development of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland; and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of our Taiwan compatriots.We will encourage qualified mainland enterprises to invest in Taiwan.We will support the economic zone in Fujian Province on the west coast of the Straits in playing its role in pioneering new approaches to exchanges and cooperation between the two sides.We will promote a win-win situation, set up an economic cooperation mechanism that reflects the characteristics of both sides by negotiating and signing an economic cooperation framework agreement (ECEA).We will expand cultural and educational exchanges, and work with Taiwan to promote Chinese culture.We will increase exchanges between people from all sectors of society on both sides, so that everyone can share in the fruits of the peaceful development of cro-Straits relations and more fully realize the importance of promoting peaceful development.We will uphold the principle that the mainland and Taiwan belong to one and the same China, strengthen the political foundation for the peaceful development of cro-Straits relations, and enhance mutual political trust between the two sides.We firmly believe that with the concerted efforts of the Chinese people, we will achieve the complete reunification of the motherland.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 过去的一年，外交工作取得新的重大成绩。我国积极参加应对国际金融危机、气候变化等国际合作，在一系列重大多边会议

2010年政府工作报告中英文对照版

上发挥了独特的建设性作用。我们积极开展全方位外交，与各大国、周边国家和广大发展中国家的对话合作稳步推进。大力加强人文等领域外交。有效维护我国公民和法人在海外的合法权益。

We achieved new, important results in our diplomatic work last year.We actively participated in international cooperation to respond to the global financial crisis and climate change, and played a unique, constructive role in a series of major multilateral conferences.We energetically carried out all-round diplomacy, and made steady progre in dialogue and cooperation with major powers, neighboring countries, and developing countries.We greatly strengthened diplomacy in all fields, including cultural diplomacy.We effectively safeguarded the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals and corporations overseas.新中国外交走过了60年光辉历程，在国际舞台上留下了闪光足迹。我们将继续发扬光荣传统，始终高举和平、发展、合作旗帜，坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持走和平发展道路，奉行互利共赢的开放战略，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界，为我国现代化建设创造良好的外部环境。新的一年，我们将继续以20国集团金融峰会等重大多边活动为主要平台，积极参与国际体系变革进程，维护发展中国家利益。统筹协调好双边外交与多边外交、国别区域外交与各领域外交工作，推动我国与各大国、周边国家和发展中国家的关系全面深入发展。紧紧抓住中国－东盟自贸区全面建成、上海合作组织召开峰会等契机，积极推进区域合作。进一步做好应对气候变化、能源资源合作等方面的对外工作，在妥善解决热点问题和全球性问题中发挥建设性作用。中国政府和人民愿与国际社会携手努力，共同应对风险挑战，共同分享发展机遇，为世界和平与发展作出新贡献！

With a splendid, 60-year diplomatic history, New China has left shining footprints on the international stage.We will carry forward our fine traditions; always hold high the banner of peace, development, and cooperation; adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace and the path of peaceful development; pursue an open strategy of mutual benefit; promote the building of a harmonious world with durable peace and common prosperity; and create a favorable external environment for China\'s modernization.In the new year, we will continue to use the G20 financial summit and other major multilateral activities as our main platforms for actively participating in the proce of change in the international system and safeguarding the interests of developing countries.We will make overall plans for coordinating bilateral and multilateral diplomacy as well as diplomacy with individual countries and regions and in various fields, and promote further, comprehensive development of our relations with major powers, neighboring countries, and developing countries.We will take advantage of the opportunities offered by the completion of the ASEAN-China free trade zone and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit to actively promote regional cooperation.We will continue to carry out diplomatic work in climate change, energy and resource cooperation, and other areas, and play a constructive role in finding proper solutions to hot iues and global problems.The Chinese government and people stand ready to work with the international community to respond to risks and challenges, share development opportunities, and make new contributions to world peace and development.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 艰辛成就伟业，奋斗创造辉煌。让我们在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，凝聚起亿万人民的智慧和力量，再接再厉，开拓进取，全面完成“十一五”规划的各项任务，不断夺取改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业的新胜利！

Hardship gives birth to great causes, and arduous struggle results in glorious achievements.Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, let us pool the wisdom and strength of the hundreds of millions of our people; redouble our efforts to break fresh ground; complete all the tasks set forth in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan; and constantly win new victories in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization

第11篇：政府工作报告中英文对照版

2015年政府工作报告中英文对照版

各位代表：现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

Fellow Deputies,on behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval, and I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2014年工作回顾

I.A Review of the Work in 2014

过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。全球经济复苏艰难曲折，主要经济体走势分化。国内经济下行压力持续加大，多重困难和挑战相互交织。

Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging.The road to global economic recovery has been rough, with many ups and downs, and the performance of the major economies has been divergent.Downward preure on China's economy has continued to mount, and we have faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges.

在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民万众一心，克难攻坚，完成了全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，全面深化改革实现良好开局，全面推进依法治国开启新征程，全面建成小康社会又迈出坚实步伐。

However, under the firm leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, all our people have worked together as one, surmounted difficulties, and accomplished the year's main targets for economic and social development, thereby ensuring that we got off to a good start in comprehensively deepening reform, embarked on a new journey to fully advance the law-based governance of China, and again made solid progre in our endeavor to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. 1

一年来，我国经济社会发展总体平稳，稳中有进。“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。

During the past year, China has, overall, achieved a stable performance while at the same time securing progre in its economic and social development.The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated within an appropriate range.

增速稳，国内生产总值达到63.6万亿元，比上年增长7.4%，在世界主要经济体中名列前茅。

--The growth rate was steady.China's GDP reached 63.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year, making China one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world.

就业稳，城镇新增就业1322万人，高于上年。

--Employment remained robust, with 13.22 million new urban jobs created, which is higher than the figure for the previous year.

价格稳，居民消费价格上涨2%。“进”的总体特征是，发展的协调性和可持续性增强。

--Prices were stable, with the CPI rising by 2%.The underlying feature demonstrating progre is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable.

经济结构有新的优化，粮食产量达到1.21万亿斤，消费对经济增长的贡献率上升3个百分点，达到51.2%，服务业增加值比重由46.9%提高到48.2%，新产业、新业态、新商业模式不断涌现。

--The economic structure was upgraded.Grain output reached 605 million metric tons; the contribution of consumption toward economic growth rose by three percentage points to 51.2%; the value added of the service sector increased from 46.9% to 48.2% of the GDP; and there was a constant stream of new industries, new types of busine, and new busine models.The central and western regions grew faster in economic terms than the eastern region.2

中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过2%，能耗强度下降4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。

--The quality of development was raised.Revenue in the general public budgets grew by 8.6%.Research and development spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP.Energy intensity was cut by 4.8%, the biggest reduction made in recent years.

人民生活有新的改善，全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长8%，快于经济增长；农村居民人均可支配收入实际增长9.2%，快于城镇居民收入增长；农村贫困人口减少1232万人；6600多万农村人口饮水安全问题得到解决；出境旅游超过1亿人次。

--People's lives were improved.Per capita disposable personal income increased by 8% in real terms nationwide, growing faster than the economy, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents grew by 9.2%, outpacing that of those living in urban areas.In rural areas, the number of people living in poverty was reduced by 12.32 million, and over 66 million more people gained acce to safe drinking water.The number of outbound trips made by Chinese tourists exceeded 100 million.

改革开放有新的突破，全面深化改革系列重点任务启动实施，本届政府减少1/3行政审批事项的目标提前实现。

--New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.A series of key tasks for comprehensively deepening reform were launched, and the goal of the current administration to cut the number of items that require government review by one third was achieved ahead of schedule.

这份成绩单的确来之不易，它凝聚着全国各族人民的心血和汗水，坚定了我们奋勇前行的决心和信心。

These achievements have not come easily.They have been made poible by the painstaking efforts and hard work of all our people, and they have strengthened our resolve and confidence to keep pushing ahead.

过去一年，困难和挑战比预想的大。我们迎难而上，主要做了以下工作。

Over the past year, we have faced more difficulties and challenges than anticipated.We have risen to the challenge and accomplished the following in our work.

一是在区间调控基础上实施定向调控，保持经济稳定增长。

First, on the basis of range-based macro regulation, we exercised targeted regulation to keep the economy growing steadily.

面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。把握经济运行合理区间的上下限，抓住发展中的突出矛盾和结构性问题，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精准发力。向促改革要动力，向调结构要助力，向惠民生要潜力，既扩大市场需求，又增加有效供给，努力做到结构调优而不失速。

In the face of mounting downward economic preure, we maintained strategic focus and kept our macroeconomic policy unchanged.Instead of using short-term stimulus measures, we continued to develop new ideas and methods for macro regulation.We exercised targeted regulation, stimulated market activity, shored up our weak spots, and boosted the real economy.With a keen understanding of the appropriate range within which the economy needs to be operating, we adopted targeted steps to addre the serious iues and structural problems hindering development.We promoted reform to gain impetus for development, made structural adjustments to produce support for development, and improved living standards to increase the potential for development.We both expanded market demand and increased effective supply, working to ensure that structural adjustments were made without compromising the growth rate.

有效实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。实行定向减税和普遍性降费，拓宽小微企业税收优惠政策范围，扩大“营改增”试点。加快财政支出进度，积极盘活存量资金。

灵活运用货币政策工具，采取定向降准、定向再贷款、非对称降息等措施，加大对经济社会发展薄弱环节的支持力度，小微企业、“三农”贷款增速比各项贷款平均增速分别高4.2和0.7个百分点。同时，完善金融监管，坚决守住不发生区域性系统性风险的底线。

We sped up the proce of making budgetary funds available for fiscal expenditures and put surplus budgetary funds to good use.By flexibly utilizing monetary policy instruments, making targeted cuts to required reserve ratios, carrying out targeted re-lending, and making asymmetric interest rate cuts, we stepped up support for weaker areas in economic and social development.Increases in loans made to small and micro businees, and loans for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, outdid the average increase in loans overall by 4.2 and 0.7 percentage points respectively.At the same time, regulation of the financial sector was improved and regional and systemic risks were forestalled.

二是深化改革开放，激发经济社会发展活力。

Second, we deepened reform and opening up and invigorated economic and social development.

针对束缚发展的体制机制障碍，我们通过全面深化改革，以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力，啃了不少硬骨头，经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等体制改革全面推进。

To addre obstructions holding back development caused by certain systems and mechanisms, we comprehensively deepened reform, invigorating the market to offset downward economic preure.We tackled many tough iues and carried out structural reforms in the economic, political, cultural, societal, and ecological sectors. 5

扎实推动重点改革。制定并实施深化财税体制改革总体方案，预算管理制度和税制改革取得重要进展，专项转移支付项目比上年减少1/3以上，一般性转移支付比重增加，地方政府性债务管理得到加强。存款利率和汇率浮动区间扩大，民营银行试点迈出新步伐，“沪港通”试点启动，外汇储备、保险资金运用范围拓展。能源、交通、环保、通信等领域价格改革加快。启动科技资金管理、考试招生、户籍、机关事业单位养老保险制度等改革。

We have made solid progre in key reforms.We formulated and implemented a coordinated plan for deepening the reform of the fiscal and tax systems.Important progre was made in the reform of the budgetary management and tax systems.The number of items receiving special transfer payments was over one third le than that of the previous year, and the proportion of transfer payments for general purposes was increased.Management of local government debt was strengthened.The floating ranges of interest rates on deposits and exchange rates were expanded.New steps were taken in the trials to establish private banks.The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect was launched on a trial basis.The scope for using foreign exchange reserves and insurance funds was broadened.Price reforms in energy, transport, environmental protection, and communications were accelerated.We launched reforms to the system for managing research and development funding, the school examination and enrollment systems, the household registration system, and the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions.

继续把简政放权、放管结合作为改革的重头戏。国务院各部门全年取消和下放246项行政审批事项，取消评比达标表彰项目29项、职业资格许可和认定事项149 项，再次修订投资项目核准目录，大幅缩减核准范围。着力改革商事制度，新登记注册市场主体达到1293万户，其中新登记注册企业增长45.9%，形成新的创业热潮。经济增速放缓，新增就业不降反增，显示了改革的巨大威力和市场的无限潜力。

We have continued to give the central stage in reform to streamlining administration and delegating more powers to lower-level governments and to society 6 in general while improving regulation.Over the course of the year, departments under the State Council cancelled the requirement of or delegated the power for review on 246 items.We cancelled 29 performance evaluations, inspections on the meeting of standards, and commendations, and 149 verifications and approvals of vocational qualifications.We again revised and significantly shortened the list of investment projects requiring government review.We channeled great effort into the reform of the busine system.The number of newly registered market entities reached 12.93 million, with that of enterprises increasing by 45.9%, creating a fresh surge of entrepreneurial activity.While economic growth slowed down,more jobs were created, which fully demonstrates both the tremendous power of reform and the endle potential of the market.

以开放促改革促发展。扩展上海自由贸易试验区范围，新设广东、天津、福建自由贸易试验区。稳定出口，增加进口，出口占国际市场份额继续提升。实际使用外商直接投资1196亿美元，居世界首位。对外直接投资1029亿美元，与利用外资并驾齐驱。中国与冰岛、瑞士自贸区启动实施，中韩、中澳自贸区完成实质性谈判。铁路、电力、油气、通信等领域对外合作取得重要成果，中国装备正大步走向世界。

We drew on further opening up to boost reform and development.We expanded the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone and established similar zones in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian.We worked to keep exports stable and increase imports, and China's international market share in exports continued to increase.Foreign direct investment actually made in China reached $119.6 billion, making the country the world's top destination for foreign direct investment.China's outward foreign direct investment reached $102.9 billion, meaning that outward investment has come to draw even with inward investment.China's free trade zone arrangements with Iceland and Switzerland were officially launched, and China completed substantive talks on free trade zones with the Republic of Korea and Australia.Major progre was made in cooperation with other countries in fields such as railways, electric power, oil, natural gas, and communications.Chinese equipment is making significant strides into the international market. 7 三是加大结构调整力度，增强发展后劲。

Third, we stepped up structural adjustments to make China's development more sustainable.

在结构性矛盾突出的情况下，我们积极作为，有扶有控，多办当前急需又利长远的事，夯实经济社会发展根基。

We took proactive steps to addre prominent structural problems and supported the development of certain areas while containing the development of others, focusing on urgently needed initiatives that promise long-term benefits.Our goal herein has been to lay a firm foundation for economic and social development.

不断巩固农业基础。加大强农惠农富农政策力度，实现粮食产量“十一连增”、农民收入“五连快”。农业综合生产能力稳步提高，农业科技和机械化水平持续提升，重大水利工程建设进度加快，新增节水灌溉面积3345万亩，新建改建农村公路23万公里。新一轮退耕还林还草启动实施。农村土地确权登记颁证有序进行，农业新型经营主体加快成长。

Work was done to strengthen the foundations of agriculture.We increased policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards.Grain output increased for the 11th consecutive year, and the income of rural residents grew faster than that of urban residents for the fifth year running.Overall agricultural production capacity was steadily improved.Agricultural science and technology continued to be strengthened, and agriculture was further mechanized.The pace of progre in the construction of major water conservancy projects was stepped up.Farmland under water-saving irrigation was increased by 2.23 million hectares.An additional 230,000 kilometers of roads were built or upgraded in rural areas.We launched a new round of efforts to return more marginal farmland to forest or graland.The work to determine, register, and certify contracted rural land-use rights proceeded as planned, and new types of agricultural businees registered faster growth.8

大力调整产业结构。着力培育新的增长点，促进服务业加快发展，支持发展移动互联网、集成电路、高端装备制造、新能源汽车等战略性新兴产业，互联网金融异军突起，电子商务、物流快递等新业态快速成长，众多“创客”脱颖而出，文化创意产业蓬勃发展。

同时，继续化解过剩产能，钢铁、水泥等15个重点行业淘汰落后产能年度任务如期完成。加强雾霾治理，淘汰黄标车和老旧车指标超额完成。

At the same time, we continued to cut overcapacity.Fifteen key industries including steel and cement achieved their task for the year of shutting down outdated production facilities as scheduled.We stepped up efforts to prevent and control smog and surpaed this year's targets for removing high-emiion and old vehicles from the roads.

推进基础设施建设和区域协调发展。京津冀协同发展、长江经济带建设取得重要进展。新建铁路投产里程8427公里，高速铁路运营里程达1.6万公里，占世界的60%以上。高速公路通车里程达11.2万公里，水路、民航、管道建设进一步加强。农网改造稳步进行。宽带用户超过7.8亿户。经过多年努力，南水北调中线一期工程正式通水，惠及沿线亿万群众。

9 Economic Belt.An additional 8,427 kilometers of railway lines were put into operation.The length of high-speed railways that are up and running in China reached 16,000 kilometers, accounting for more than 60% of the world's total.The length of the country's expreways open to traffic grew to total 112,000 kilometers.Waterways, civil aviation, and pipelines were all further developed.Steady progre was made in upgrading rural power grids.The number of broadband Internet users exceeded 780 million.Thanks to many years of hard work, the first phase of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was officially put into operation, benefiting millions of people along the route.

实施创新驱动发展战略。着力打通科技成果转化通道，扩大中关村国家自主创新示范区试点政策实施范围，推进科技资源开放共享，科技人员创新活力不断释放。超级计算、探月工程、卫星应用等重大科研项目取得新突破，我国自主研制的支线客机飞上蓝天。

We implemented the strategy of innovation-driven development.We worked to commercialize research and development deliverables, expanded the scope of trial policies from the Zhongguancun National Innovation Demonstration Zone, and ensured that scientific and technological resources were openly shared.All this has been helping to constantly unleash the creativity of scientists and engineers.Breakthroughs have been made in major research projects such as supercomputing, the lunar exploration program, and satellite applications, and a regional jet developed and produced in China has been succefully put into service.

四是织密织牢民生保障网，增进人民福祉。

Fourth, we worked on developing a tightly woven and sturdy safety net to secure and improve living standards.

我们坚持以人为本，持续增加民生投入，保基本、兜底线、建机制，尽管财政收入增速放缓、支出压力加大，但财政用于民生的比例达到70%以上。

We continued to put people first, sustaining increases to spending in areas that are important to improving standards of living.We have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements.Despite a slowdown in the growth of government 10 revenue and increased preure on expenditures, more than 70% of last year's government budget was spent on ensuring standards of living.

加强就业和社会保障。完善就业促进政策，推出创业引领计划，高校毕业生就业稳中有升。统一城乡居民基本养老保险制度，企业退休人员基本养老金水平又提高10%。新开工保障性安居工程740万套，基本建成511万套。全面建立临时救助制度，城乡低保标准分别提高9.97%和14.1%，残疾军人、烈属和老复员军人等优抚对象抚恤和生活补助标准提高20%以上。

We worked to strengthen employment and social security.We improved the policies to stimulate employment and initiated the scheme to help college students and graduates to start businees, ensuring a steady increase in the employment of college graduates.We unified the basic pension systems for rural residents and non-working urban residents and increased basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees by a further 10%.Construction began on 7.4 million government-subsidized housing units, and 5.11 million such units were basically completed.We established a nationwide temporary-aistance system, increased subsistence allowances by 9.97% for urban residents and 14.1% for rural residents, and increased subsidies and living allowances by more than 20% for disabled military personnel, families of revolutionary martyrs, and old-age veterans.

继续促进教育公平。加强贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校建设，提高家庭经济困难学生资助水平，国家助学贷款资助标准大幅上调。中等职业学校免学费补助政策扩大到三年。实行义务教育免试就近入学政策，28个省份实现了农民工随迁子女在流入地参加高考。贫困地区农村学生上重点高校人数连续两年增长10%以上。经过努力，全国财政性教育经费支出占国内生产总值比例超过4%。

11 of study.Policies have been introduced to ensure that children can receive compulsory education at schools close to where they live without having to take entrance exams, and 28 provincial-level administrative areas began to allow children who live with their migrant worker parents to take the college entrance exam in their cities of residence.The number of students from poor rural areas who were newly enrolled in key colleges and universities increased by more than 10% for the second year running.Through hard work, government spending on education has come to reach over 4% of GDP.

深入推进医药卫生改革发展。城乡居民大病保险试点扩大到所有省份，疾病应急救助制度基本建立，全民医保覆盖面超过95%。基层医疗卫生机构综合改革深化，县乡村服务网络逐步完善。公立医院改革试点县市达到1300多个。

We intensified efforts to reform and develop medical and health care.Trials of serious illne insurance for rural and non-working urban residents were extended to all provincial-level administrative areas, the framework of the system for providing aistance for emergency medical treatment was established, and over 95% of the whole population was covered by medical insurance.The comprehensive reform of community medical and healthcare centers was deepened, and the networks of medical and healthcare services for counties, townships, and villages have been steadily improved.The number of counties and county-level cities carrying out trial public hospital reforms reached over 1,300.

积极发展文化事业和文化产业。推动重大文化惠民项目建设，广播电视“村村通”工程向“户户通”升级。实施文艺精品战略，完善现代文化市场体系。群众健身活动蓬勃开展，成功举办南京青奥会。

We worked actively to develop the cultural sector.Progre was made in developing major cultural initiatives designed to benefit the public.Great efforts were made to extend radio and television coverage not only to all villages but to all rural homes.Efforts were made to ensure the production of more high-quality literary and artistic works, and the modern culture market was improved.Popular fitne activities are flourishing nationwide, and the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing were a great succe.12

五是创新社会治理，促进和谐稳定。

Fifth, we have been developing new forms of social governance, and promoting social harmony and stability.

我们妥善应对自然灾害和突发事件，有序化解社会矛盾，建立健全机制，强化源头防范，保障人民生命安全，维护良好的社会秩序。

We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies, worked to resolve social problems in a systematic way, and strengthened mechanisms to addre problems at the source.These efforts have protected lives and ensured public order.

去年云南鲁甸、景谷等地发生较强地震，我们及时高效展开抗震救灾，灾后恢复重建顺利推进。积极援非抗击埃博拉疫情，有效防控疫情输入。加强安全生产工作，事故总量、重特大事故、重点行业事故持续下降。着力治理餐桌污染，食品药品安全形势总体稳定。

Last year, when strong earthquakes hit in areas including Ludian and Jinggu counties in Yunnan Province, we launched timely and efficient relief efforts and made smooth progre in post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We worked proactively to aist Africa in the fight against Ebola, and effectively prevented the virus from entering China.We intensified efforts to ensure workplace safety and achieved reductions in the number of total accidents, serious and major accidents, and accidents in key industries.Serious efforts were made to prevent food contamination, and on the whole the situation was kept stable in food and medicine safety.

我们大力推进依法行政，国务院提请全国人大常委会制定修订食品安全法等法律15件，制定修订企业信息公示暂行条例等行政法规38件。政务公开深入推进，政府重大决策和政策以多种形式向社会广泛征求意见。完成第三次全国经济普查。改革信访工作制度。法律援助范围从低保群体扩大到低收入群体。加强城乡社区建设，行业协会商会等四类社会组织实现直接登记。严厉打击各类犯罪活动，强化社会治安综合治理，维护了国家安全和公共安全。

In a major push to advance law-based government administration, the State Council submitted proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congre (NPC) on enacting or revising 15 laws including the Food Safety Law, and formulated or revised 38 sets of administrative regulations including the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Information Disclosure.We took thorough steps to increase transparency in government operations, and used multiple means to widely solicit comments from the public on major government decisions and policies.The third national economic census was completed.We reformed the system for handling public complaints made in the form of letters or visits.Legal aid was expanded to cover not only people living on subsistence allowances but also those on low incomes.We strengthened efforts in both urban and rural community building, and made direct registration a reality for four types of social organizations, including industry aociations and chambers of commerce.We cracked down on crime, strengthened efforts in the comprehensive maintenance of law and order, and effectively safeguarded national security and public safety.

我们严格落实党中央八项规定精神，持之以恒纠正“四风”。严格执行国务院“约法三章”，政府性楼堂馆所、机关事业单位人员编制、“三公”经费得到有效控制。加大行政监察和审计监督力度，推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，严肃查处违纪违法案件，一批腐败分子得到应有惩处。

We have been strictly putting into practice the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct and making persistent efforts to fight formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance.We have been rigorously implementing the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending, and have effectively controlled the construction of new government buildings, the staffing of government bodies and public institutions, and the spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality.Administrative supervision and auditing oversight have been intensified; efforts have been stepped up to improve Party conduct, build a clean government, and fight corruption; and we have investigated and prosecuted violations of the law and discipline, bringing many offenders to justice.14

我们狠抓重大政策措施的落实，认真开展督查，引入第三方评估和社会评价，建立长效机制，有力促进了各项工作。

We have taken strong steps to ensure the implementation of major policies and measures, carrying out inspections, introducing third-party evaluations and public appraisals, and establishing permanent mechanisms.These efforts have gone a long way in advancing all of our work.

一年来，外交工作成果丰硕。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席二十国集团领导人峰会、金砖国家领导人会晤、上海合作组织峰会、东亚合作领导人系列会议、亚欧首脑会议、达沃斯论坛等重大活动。成功举办亚太经合组织第二十二次领导人非正式会议、亚信会议第四次峰会、博鳌亚洲论坛。

积极参与多边机制建立和国际规则制定。大国外交稳中有进，周边外交呈现新局面，同发展中国家合作取得新进展，经济外交成果显著。

China has been participating actively in establishing multilateral mechanisms and writing international rules.We have made steady progre in developing relations with other major countries, entered a new phase in neighborhood diplomacy, and made new headway in our cooperation with other developing countries.Notable progre has been made in conducting economic diplomacy.

推进丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路建设，筹建亚洲基础设施投资银行，设立丝路基金。

Progre has been made in pursuing the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road initiatives; preparations have been made for establishing the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Silk Road Fund has been set up.

我们与各国的交往合作越来越紧密，中国在国际舞台上负责任大国形象日益彰显。

China is engaging in more exchanges and cooperation with other countries, and is increasingly recognized as a major responsible country on the international stage. 各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

一年来取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽全局、科学决策的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民共同努力、不懈奋斗的结果。

我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

On behalf of the State Council, I wish to expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to the non-CPC parties, people's organizations, and people from all sectors of society.We would like to expre our heartfelt appreciation to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.We also wish to expre true gratitude to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who show understanding for and support China in its endeavor to modernize.16

今天是元宵佳节，在这里向各位代表和委员致以节日问候，并且预祝全国人民幸福安康！我们既要看到成绩，更要看到前进中的困难和挑战。

While recognizing our achievements, we must also be mindful of the difficulties and challenges on the road ahead:

投资增长乏力，新的消费热点不多，国际市场没有大的起色，稳增长难度加大，一些领域仍存在风险隐患。

--Growth in investment is sluggish; the number of new areas of strong consumer activity is limited; there is no sign the international market is about to significantly pick up; maintaining stable growth is becoming more difficult, and there are still latent risks in some areas.

工业产品价格持续下降，生产要素成本上升，小微企业融资难融资贵问题突出，部分企业生产经营困难。

--The prices of manufactured products are continuing to fall; the costs of factors of production are on the rise; small and micro businees are finding it difficult and costly to obtain financing; and the going is tough for some enterprises.

经济发展方式比较粗放，创新能力不足，产能过剩问题突出，农业基础薄弱。

--China's economic growth model remains inefficient; our capacity for innovation is insufficient; overcapacity is a pronounced problem, and the foundation of agriculture is weak.

群众对医疗、养老、住房、交通、教育、收入分配、食品安全、社会治安等还有不少不满意的地方。有些地方环境污染严重，重大安全事故时有发生。政府工作还存在不足，有些政策措施落实不到位。

--There are still many problems of public concern in medical services, elderly care, housing, transport, education, income distribution, food safety, and law and order.Environmental pollution is serious in some localities, and major accidents in the workplace are not uncommon. 17

少数政府机关工作人员乱作为，一些腐败问题触目惊心，有的为官不为，在其位不谋其政，该办的事不办。

--There is still much to be improved in the work of the government, with some policies and measures not being satisfactorily implemented.A small number of government employees behave irresponsibly; shocking cases of corruption still exist; and some government officials are neglectful of their duties, holding onto their jobs while failing to fulfill their responsibilities.

我们要直面问题，安不忘危，治不忘乱，勇于担当，不辱历史使命，不负人民重托。

We must face these problems head on.In times of peace one must be alert to danger, and in times of stability one must be mindful of the potential for chaos.We must be ready to bear the weight of responsibility, do justice to our historic miion, and live up to the great trust the people place in us.

二、2015年工作总体部署

II.The Plan for Work in 2015

我国是世界上最大的发展中国家，仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，发展是硬道理，是解决一切问题的基础和关键。化解各种矛盾和风险，跨越“中等收入陷阱”，实现现代化，根本要靠发展，发展必须有合理的增长速度。

同时，我国经济发展进入新常态，正处在爬坡过坎的关口，体制机制弊端和结构性矛盾是“拦路虎”，不深化改革和调整经济结构，就难以实现平稳健康发展。

At the same time, China's economic development has entered a new normal.Our country is in a crucial period during which challenges need to be overcome and problems need to be resolved.Systemic, institutional, and structural problems have become "tigers in the road" holding up development.Without deepening reform and making economic structural adjustments, we will have a difficult time sustaining steady and sound development.

我们必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，切实抓好发展这个执政兴国第一要务。必须坚持不懈依靠改革推动科学发展，加快转变经济发展方式，实现有质量有效益可持续的发展。

We must be adamant in pursuing economic development as our central task and make a thorough job of development as the top priority for ensuring the governance and revitalization of the country.We must continue to promote development in a sound and balanced way through reform and speed up the transformation of the growth model so as to achieve quality, efficient, and sustainable development.

当前，世界经济正处于深度调整之中，复苏动力不足，地缘政治影响加重，不确定因素增多，推动增长、增加就业、调整结构成为国际社会共识。我国经济下行压力还在加大，发展中深层次矛盾凸显，今年面临的困难可能比去年还要大。

同时，我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期，有巨大的潜力、韧性和回旋余地。新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化持续推进，发展基础日益雄厚，改革红利正在释放，宏观调控积累了丰富经验。我们必须增强忧患意识，坚定必胜信念，牢牢把握发展的主动权。

On the other hand, China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity during which great progre can be made in development.Our country's development has enormous potential and is hugely resilient, and we have ample room for growth.Steady progre is being made in the development of new types of industrialization, applications of information technologies, urbanization, and agricultural modernization; the foundation underpinning development is becoming stronger by the day; benefits of reform are being delivered as we speak; and we have gained much experience in conducting macro regulation.We must strengthen our awarene of latent problems while remaining fully confident and taking an active approach to development.

新的一年是全面深化改革的关键之年，是全面推进依法治国的开局之年，也是稳增长调结构的紧要之年。政府工作的总体要求是：

This coming year will be crucial for comprehensively deepening reform, the first year for fully advancing the law-based governance of the country, and a critical year for ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments.The overall requirements for the government's work this year are as follows:

高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会精神，

--comprehensively implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Party Congre and the third and fourth plenary seions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

贯彻落实习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major speeches;

主动适应和引领经济发展新常态，

--actively adapt to and guide the new normal in China's economic development; 20

坚持稳中求进工作总基调，

--adhere to the general principle of seeking progre while keeping performance stable;

保持经济运行在合理区间，

--ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range;

着力提高经济发展质量和效益，

--focus on strengthening the quality and benefits of economic development;

把转方式调结构放到更加重要位置，

--give greater priority to transforming the growth model and making structural adjustments;

狠抓改革攻坚，

--tackle tough problems of reform head on;

突出创新驱动，

--pursue innovation-driven development;

强化风险防控，

--strengthen risk prevention and control;

加强民生保障，

--strengthen safeguards for people's standard of living;

处理好改革发展稳定关系，

--get the right balance between carrying out reform, pursuing development, and ensuring stability;

全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，

--promote all-round socialist economic, political, cultural,social, and ecological advancement; and

促进经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定。

--achieve steady and sound economic development and ensure social harmony and stability.

我们要把握好总体要求，着眼于保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平“双目标”，坚持稳政策稳预期和促改革调结构“双结合”，打造大众创业、万众创新和增加公共产品、公共服务“双引擎”，推动发展调速不减势、量增质更优，实现中国经济提质增效升级。

Keeping in mind these requirements, we must focus on achieving the dual objectives of maintaining a medium-high-level growth rate and moving toward a medium-high-level of development.We need to maintain policy continuity and keep expectations stable while moving forward with reform and structural adjustment, and we need to develop twin engines to drive development: popular entrepreneurship and innovation, paired with increased supplies of public goods and services.This will ensure that our growth rate is adjusted without weakening momentum and that growth in quantity is underpinned by greater quality, thereby achieving a better-quality, more efficient, upgraded economy.

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：

We have set the main targets for China's economic and social development for this year as follows:

国内生产总值增长7%左右，

--increase the GDP by approximately 7%;

居民消费价格涨幅3%左右，

--keep the increase in the CPI at around 3%;

城镇新增就业1000万人以上，

--create over ten million jobs in urban areas;

城镇登记失业率4.5%以内，

--ensure that the registered urban unemployment rate does not rise above 4.5%; 22

进出口增长6%左右，

--increase imports and exports by around 6%;

国际收支基本平衡，

--achieve a basic balance of payments;

居民收入增长与经济发展同步。

--ensure that personal incomes increase in step with economic development; and

能耗强度下降3.1%以上，主要污染物排放继续减少。

--cut energy intensity by 3.1%, and continue to reduce the emiions of major pollutants.

经济增长预期7%左右，考虑了需要和可能，与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，与经济总量扩大和结构升级的要求相适应，符合发展规律，符合客观实际。以这样的速度保持较长时期发展，实现现代化的物质基础就会更加雄厚。

稳增长也是为了保就业，随着服务业比重上升、小微企业增多和经济体量增大，7%左右的速度可以实现比较充分的就业。各地要从实际出发，积极进取、挖掘潜力，努力争取更好结果。

At the same time, the aim of maintaining stable growth is to ensure employment.As the service sector becomes larger, the number of small and micro businees grows, and the economy gains in size, a growth rate of approximately 7% will ensure ample employment.Local governments need to set targets based on local conditions, be fully 23 motivated to make progre, and tap into their full potential so as to deliver better outcomes. 做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下三点。

To deliver a good performance in the work of the government this year, we need to concentrate on the following three areas:

第一，稳定和完善宏观经济政策。

First, we need to ensure continuity in and make improvements to macroeconomic policies.

继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，更加注重预调微调，更加注重定向调控，用好增量，盘活存量，重点支持薄弱环节。以微观活力支撑宏观稳定，以供给创新带动需求扩大，以结构调整促进总量平衡，确保经济运行在合理区间。

We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy.We will pay greater attention to anticipatory adjustments, fine-tuning, and targeted regulation.We will put both existing and additional financial resources to good use, focusing particularly on strengthening weak spots.We will improve micro-level vitality to underpin macroeconomic stability, explore new ways of achieving supply to boost demand, and balance total supply and demand through structural adjustments to ensure the economy performs within an appropriate range.

积极的财政政策要加力增效。今年拟安排财政赤字1.62万亿元，比去年增加2700亿元，赤字率从去年的2.1%提高到2.3%。其中，中央财政赤字1.12万亿元，增加1700亿元；地方财政赤字5000亿元，增加1000亿元。处理好债务管理与稳增长的关系，创新和完善地方政府举债融资机制。适当发行专项债券。保障符合条件的在建项目后续融资，防范和化解风险隐患。优化财政支出结构，大力盘活存量资金，提高使用效率。继续实行结构性减税和普遍性降费，进一步减轻企业特别是小微企业负担。

Our proactive fiscal policy must sustain the momentum of economic growth and increase economic returns.The government budget deficit for 2015 is projected to be 24 1.62 trillion yuan, an increase of 270 billion yuan over last year, which means that the deficit to GDP ratio will rise from last year's 2.1% to 2.3%.Of this amount, the central government deficit will account for 1.12 trillion yuan, an increase of 170 billion yuan, and local government deficit will account for 500 billion yuan, an increase of 100 billion yuan.We need to find the right balance between managing debt and maintaining steady growth.We will develop and improve mechanisms for local governments to secure financing through bond iuance.We will allow local governments to iue an appropriate amount of special bonds, ensure continued financing for eligible projects already under construction, and guard against and defuse risks and latent dangers.We will improve the mix of budgetary spending, redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use, and strengthen the effectivene of government spending.We will continue to make structural tax reductions and cut fees acro the board so as to further lighten the burden on enterprises, particularly small and micro businees.

稳健的货币政策要松紧适度。广义货币M2预期增长12%左右，在实际执行中，根据经济发展需要，也可以略高些。加强和改善宏观审慎管理，灵活运用公开市场操作、利率、存款准备金率、再贷款等货币政策工具，保持货币信贷和社会融资规模平稳增长。加快资金周转，优化信贷结构，提高直接融资比重，降低社会融资成本，让更多的金融活水流向实体经济。

We will pursue prudent and balanced monetary policy.The M2 money supply is forecasted to grow by around 12% in 2015, but the actual supply may be slightly higher than this projection depending on the needs of economic development.We will work to strengthen and improve macro-prudential regulation, adopt a flexible approach in our use of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending, and maintain steady growth in the supply of money and credit as well as aggregate financing in the economy.We will speed up the turnover of funds, improve the credit structure, increase the proportion of direct financing to total financing, and reduce the cost of financing, thereby allowing more financial resources to be channeled into the real economy. 25

第二，保持稳增长与调结构的平衡。

Second, we need to maintain a proper balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments.

我国发展面临“三期叠加”矛盾，资源环境约束加大，劳动力等要素成本上升，高投入、高消耗、偏重数量扩张的发展方式已经难以为继，必须推动经济在稳定增长中优化结构。既要稳住速度，确保经济平稳运行，确保居民就业和收入持续增加，为调结构转方式创造有利条件；

In its current stage of development, China has to deal simultaneously with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies.As resource-related and environmental constraints grow and costs for labor and other factors of production rise, a model of development that draws on high levels of investment and energy consumption and is heavily driven by quantitative expansion becomes difficult to sustain.We must therefore improve the economic structure while ensuring steady growth.The growth rate must be kept steady to ensure that economic performance is stable, and that employment and personal incomes carry on increasing, thus creating a favorable environment for making structural adjustments and transforming the growth model.

又要调整结构，夯实稳增长的基础。要增加研发投入，提高全要素生产率，加强质量、标准和品牌建设，促进服务业和战略性新兴产业比重提高、水平提升，优化经济发展空间格局，加快培育新的增长点和增长极，实现在发展中升级、在升级中发展。

At the same time, structural adjustments must be made to consolidate the foundation for ensuring steady growth.We need to increase research and development spending, raise total factor productivity, improve quality, standards, and brand-building, strengthen the service sector and strategic emerging industries and increase their share of the economy, improve the overall structure of economic growth, and work harder to foster new areas of growth and growth poles.With these efforts, we can ensure that economic upgrading and development reinforce each other.26

第三，培育和催生经济社会发展新动力。

Third, we need to nurture and hasten the birth of a new force for driving economic and social development.

当前经济增长的传统动力减弱，必须加大结构性改革力度，加快实施创新驱动发展战略，改造传统引擎，打造新引擎。

As the force that has traditionally driven economic growth is weakening, it is imperative that we intensify structural reform, boost efforts to implement the strategy of pursuing innovation-driven development, and upgrade traditional engines while creating new ones for driving development.

一方面，增加公共产品和服务供给，加大政府对教育、卫生等的投入，鼓励社会参与，提高供给效率。这既能补短板、惠民生，也有利于扩需求、促发展。

We will increase the supply of public goods and services, increase government input in areas like education and health care, and encourage nongovernmental participation to improve the efficiency of supply.This will bolster weak spots and benefit the people, as well as increase demand and promote development.

另一方面，推动大众创业、万众创新。这既可以扩大就业、增加居民收入，又有利于促进社会纵向流动和公平正义。

At the same time, we will also encourage people to start their own businees and to make innovations, which will not only create more jobs and increase personal incomes, but also improve upwards social mobility and social equity and justice.

我国有13亿人口、9亿劳动力资源，人民勤劳而智慧，蕴藏着无穷的创造力，千千万万个市场细胞活跃起来，必将汇聚成发展的巨大动能，一定能够顶住经济下行压力，让中国经济始终充满勃勃生机。政府要勇于自我革命，给市场和社会留足空间，为公平竞争搭好舞台。个人和企业要勇于创业创新，全社会要厚植创业创新文化，让人们在创造财富的过程中，更好地实现精神追求和自身价值。

China has a population of 1.3 billion and a workforce of 900 million.Our people are hardworking and talented, and there is no limit to their ingenuity.When an

27 abundance of market cells spring into life, they will form a mighty driving force for development, ensuring China's economy remains resilient in spite of the downward preure on it, and continues to be full of life and dynamism.The government should be bold in imposing a reform on itself so as to leave ample space for the market and society to play their respective roles and level the playing field for fair competition.Individuals and enterprises must have the mettle to promote their busine development and make innovations, and our society needs to nurture a culture of entrepreneurship and innovation.In this way, while creating wealth, people will be able to meet their cultural and intellectual needs and realize their full potential in life.

今年是“十二五”收官之年，我们要在完成“十二五”经济社会发展主要目标任务的同时，以改革的精神、创新的理念和科学的方法，做好“十三五”规划纲要编制工作，谋划好未来五年的发展蓝图。

This year is the final year for completing the 12th Five-Year Plan.As we strive to accomplish the major tasks and objectives for economic and social development set forth in this plan, we need to formulate the 13th Five-Year Plan, bringing to this work the spirit of reform and innovation and adopting a scientific approach.

三、把改革开放扎实推向纵深

III.Deepening Reform and Opening Up

改革开放是推动发展的制胜法宝。必须以经济体制改革为重点全面深化改革，统筹兼顾，真抓实干，在牵动全局的改革上取得新突破，增强发展新动能。

Reform and opening up is crucial for driving development.We must focus on economic structural reform as we comprehensively deepen reform, taking all things into consideration in planning, working solidly to deliver concrete outcomes, making new breakthroughs in areas that can boost development as a whole, and strengthening new momentum to drive development.

加大简政放权、放管结合改革力度。

We will do more to streamline administration and delegate more powers to lower-level governments and to society in general while improving regulation.28

今年再取消和下放一批行政审批事项，全部取消非行政许可审批，建立规范行政审批的管理制度。深化商事制度改革，进一步简化注册资本登记，逐步实现“三证合一”，清理规范中介服务。制定市场准入负面清单，公布省级政府权力清单、责任清单，切实做到法无授权不可为、法定职责必须为。

This year, we will delegate the power or cancel the requirement for government review for more items, cancel all non-administrative review, and establish a system for exercising well-regulated management over the government review proce.We will deepen reform of the busine system; further simplify the proce for capital registration; take gradual steps to integrate the busine license, the certificate of organization codes, and the certificate of taxation registration into one certificate; and overhaul and regulate intermediary services.We will draw up a negative list for market acce, ensure that provincial-level governments make their lists of powers and responsibilities open to the public, and make sure that anything the law does not authorize is not done, while all duties and functions aigned by law are performed.

地方政府对应当放给市场和社会的权力，要彻底放、不截留，对上级下放的审批事项，要接得住、管得好。加强事中事后监管，健全为企业和社会服务一张网，推进社会信用体系建设，建立全国统一的社会信用代码制度和信用信息共享交换平台，依法保护企业和个人信息安全。

Local governments must completely let go of powers that should be delegated to the market or society, and properly exercise the power of review over all items that have been delegated to them by higher-level governments.We will exercise stronger oversight both during and after the handling of matters, and improve the network of services for both enterprises and the general public.We will work to improve the credit rating system, put in place a national unified system of codes for rating credit, and establish a platform for sharing and exchanging information on credit.We will, in accordance with the law, protect the information security of enterprises and individuals.

大道至简，有权不可任性。各级政府都要建立简政放权、转变职能的有力推进机制，给企业松绑，为创业提供便利，营造公平竞争环境。所有行政审批事项

29 都要简化程序，明确时限，用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法”。

It goes without saying that powers should not be held without good reason.Governments at all levels need to adopt effective ways to streamline administration, delegate powers, and transform their functions, creating an enabling environment for enterprises, making it easier to start up in busine, and creating the right environment for fair competition.Procedures and procees must be simplified and time frames must be clarified for all items requiring administrative review, and cuts to government power will be made to boost market vitality.

多管齐下改革投融资体制。

We will take multiple measures to reform the investment and financing systems.

大幅缩减政府核准投资项目范围，下放核准权限。大幅减少投资项目前置审批，实行项目核准网上并联办理。大幅放宽民间投资市场准入，鼓励社会资本发起设立股权投资基金。政府采取投资补助、资本金注入、设立基金等办法，引导社会资本投入重点项目。以用好铁路发展基金为抓手，深化铁路投融资改革。在基础设施、公用事业等领域，积极推广政府和社会资本合作模式。

We will substantially reduce the number of investment projects that require government review, delegate more powers of review to lower-level governments, significantly streamline the need for preliminary review for investment projects, and conduct project reviews online.We will greatly relax market acce for private investment and encourage the use of private capital to set up equity funds.The government will guide nongovernmental investments toward key projects by subsidizing investments, injecting capital, and establishing funds.We will deepen reform of railway investment and financing by making good use of railway development funds.We will actively promote models of cooperation between government and nongovernmental capital in developing infrastructure and public utilities.

不失时机加快价格改革。

We will take timely action to accelerate price reform.30

改革方向是发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，大幅缩减政府定价种类和项目，具备竞争条件的商品和服务价格原则上都要放开。取消绝大部分药品政府定价，下放一批基本公共服务收费定价权。

扩大输配电价改革试点，推进农业水价改革，健全节能环保价格政策。完善资源性产品价格，全面实行居民阶梯价格制度。同时必须加强价格监管，规范市场秩序，确保低收入群众基本生活。

We will expand the trials of pricing reforms for electricity transmiion and distribution, carry out pricing reforms for water used in agriculture, and improve pricing policies to make them more conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection.We will improve the pricing of resource products and fully implement a system of tiered pricing for electricity, water, and natural gas used for household purposes.At the same time, we must strengthen oversight over pricing, improve market order, and ensure the basic living standards of people on low incomes.推动财税体制改革取得新进展。

We will ensure that progre is made in the reform of the fiscal and tax systems.

实行全面规范、公开透明的预算管理制度，除法定涉密信息外，中央和地方所有部门预决算都要公开，全面接受社会监督。提高国有资本经营预算调入一般公共预算的比例。推行中期财政规划管理。制定盘活财政存量资金的有效办法。

31 final accounts for public oversight.We will increase the percentage of funds transferred from the budgets for state capital operations to general public budgets.We will introduce medium-term fiscal planning.We will design effective measures to make good use of government funds at hand.

力争全面完成“营改增”，调整完善消费税政策，扩大资源税从价计征范围。提请修订税收征管法。

We will devote serious energy to completing work to replace busine tax with VAT acro the board, adjust and improve policies on consumption tax, and extend price-based resource taxes to cover more types of resources.We will submit a proposal to the NPC Standing Committee on revising the Law on the Administration of Tax Collection.

改革转移支付制度，完善中央和地方的事权与支出责任，合理调整中央和地方收入划分。

We will reform the transfer payments system, clearly define the respective powers and spending responsibilities of the central and local governments, and make appropriate adjustments to the division of revenue between them.

围绕服务实体经济推进金融改革。

We will move ahead with financial reform to better serve the real economy.

推动具备条件的民间资本依法发起设立中小型银行等金融机构，成熟一家，批准一家，不设限额。深化农村信用社改革，稳定其县域法人地位。发挥好开发性金融、政策性金融在增加公共产品供给中的作用。

We will encourage qualified private investors to establish, in accordance with the law, small and medium-sized banks and other financial institutions; there will be no quota imposed on them, and approval will be granted as long as all required conditions are met.We will deepen reform of rural credit cooperatives, and keep their status as legal persons in their counties stable.We will ensure development-oriented and policy-backed financial institutions function effectively in increasing the supply of public goods.32

推出存款保险制度。推进利率市场化改革，健全中央银行利率调控框架。保持人民币汇率处于合理均衡水平，增强人民币汇率双向浮动弹性。稳步实现人民币资本项目可兑换，扩大人民币国际使用，加快建设人民币跨境支付系统，完善人民币全球清算服务体系，开展个人投资者境外投资试点，适时启动“深港通”试点。

A deposit insurance system will be established.We will further liberalize interest rates and improve the central bank's framework for their regulation.We will work to keep the RMB exchange rate at an appropriate and balanced level and allow it to float more freely.We will make steady progre in realizing the convertibility of the RMB capital accounts, expand the use of the RMB internationally, accelerate the establishment of a cro-border payment system for the RMB, improve the worldwide clearing system for the RMB, pilot private overseas investment, and launch the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect on a trial basis at an appropriate time.

加强多层次资本市场体系建设，实施股票发行注册制改革，发展服务中小企业的区域性股权市场，推进信贷资产证券化，扩大企业债券发行规模，发展金融衍生品市场。推出巨灾保险、个人税收递延型商业养老保险。

We will strengthen the multilevel capital market and implement the reform to introduce a system of registration for iuing stocks.We will develop regional equity markets to serve small and medium-sized enterprises, encourage the securitization of credit aets, prompt an expansion of the iuance of corporate bonds, and develop the financial derivatives market.We will launch insurance to cover major disasters and commercial pension schemes that allow for deferred payment of individual income tax.

创新金融监管，防范和化解金融风险。大力发展普惠金融，让所有市场主体都能分享金融服务的雨露甘霖。

We will explore new approaches to financial regulation to prevent and diffuse financial risks.We will channel great energy into developing inclusive finance and ensuring equitable acce to financial services for all market entities. 33

深化国企国资改革。

We will deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and state capital.

准确界定不同国有企业功能，分类推进改革。加快国有资本投资公司、运营公司试点，打造市场化运作平台，提高国有资本运营效率。

We will push forward with targeted reform of SOEs on the basis of having clearly defined their functions.We will move more swiftly in carrying out trials on establishing state capital investment companies and operating companies, create a market-based platform for state capital operations, and improve their performance.

有序实施国有企业混合所有制改革，鼓励和规范投资项目引入非国有资本参股。加快电力、油气等体制改革。多渠道解决企业办社会负担和历史遗留问题，保障职工合法权益。完善现代企业制度，改革和健全企业经营者激励约束机制。要加强国有资产监管，防止国有资产流失，切实提高国有企业的经营效益。

We will take systematic steps to implement the reform of introducing mixed ownership to SOEs, and both encourage and regulate equity investment made by non-state capital in SOE investment projects.We will accelerate structural reform of the electricity, oil, and natural gas industries.We will work, through multiple channels, to relieve SOEs of their obligation to operate social programs and help them solve longstanding problems, while at the same time ensuring that the legitimate rights and interests of workers are protected.We will ensure that SOEs improve their modern corporate structure, and incentive and restraint mechanisms for their executives are reformed and strengthened.We will strengthen regulation of state-owned aets and guard against their lo, and ensure that SOEs improve their performance.

非公有制经济是我国经济的重要组成部分。必须毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，注重发挥企业家才能，全面落实促进民营经济发展的政策措施，增强各类所有制经济活力，让各类企业法人财产权依法得到保护。

The non-public sector is an important component of China's economy.We will remain firmly committed to encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of 34 this sector, work to enable entrepreneurs to give full expreion to their talent, put into effect all policies and measures encouraging the development of the private sector, strengthen the vitality of enterprises under all types of ownership, and protect the property rights of all types of enterprise-legal persons in accordance with the law.

继续推进科技、教育、文化、医药卫生、养老保险、事业单位、住房公积金等领域改革。发展需要改革添动力，群众期盼改革出实效，我们要努力交出一份为发展加力、让人民受益的改革答卷。

We will continue to push ahead with reforms in science, technology, education, culture, medical and health care, pensions, public institutions, and the housing provident fund.Development needs to be driven by reform, and the people are expecting the real benefits reform delivers.We must work hard to make sure that reform boosts development and benefits our people.

开放也是改革。必须实施新一轮高水平对外开放，加快构建开放型经济新体制，以开放的主动赢得发展的主动、国际竞争的主动。

Opening up is itself a reform.We must carry out a new round of high-quality opening up, move more swiftly in building a new open economy, and maintain momentum in development and in international competition by preing ahead with opening up.

推动外贸转型升级。

We will transform and upgrade China's foreign trade.

完善出口退税负担机制，增量部分由中央财政全额负担，让地方和企业吃上“定心丸”。清理规范进出口环节收费，建立并公开收费项目清单。实施培育外贸竞争新优势的政策措施，促进加工贸易转型，发展外贸综合服务平台和市场采购贸易，扩大跨境电子商务综合试点，增加服务外包示范城市数量，提高服务贸易比重。实施更加积极的进口政策，扩大先进技术、关键设备、重要零部件等进口。

We will improve the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, with the central government paying all

35 this year's increase over last year for the benefit of local governments and exporting enterprises.We will overhaul and regulate charges for imports and exports, and establish and release a complete list of such charges.We will implement policies and measures to enable China's foreign trade to develop new competitive edges, facilitate the transformation of proceing trade, develop market purchase trade and a comprehensive service platform for foreign trade, expand comprehensive trials in cro-border e-commerce, turn more cities into trendsetters in undertaking services outsourced by other countries, and increase the share of service trade in China's foreign trade.We will adopt a more active import policy to increase the import of advanced technology, key equipment, and important parts and components.

更加积极有效利用外资。

We will take a more active, more effective approach to making use of foreign capital.

修订外商投资产业指导目录，重点扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，把外商投资限制类条目缩减一半。全面推行普遍备案、有限核准的管理制度，大幅下放鼓励类项目核准权，积极探索准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理模式。修订外商投资相关法律，健全外商投资监管体系，打造稳定公平透明可预期的营商环境。

We will revise the Catalogue for the Guidance of Industries for Foreign Investment.We will focus on making the service and manufacturing sectors even more open by halving the number of industries in which foreign investment is restricted.We will introduce, acro the board, the management system under which foreign investment projects generally need only to be placed on record, with government review required in only a limited number of cases.We will delegate to lower-level governments the power of review for a large number of projects that are encouraged by the state; and work actively to explore the management model of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list.We will work to improve the foreign investment regulatory system, revise laws concerning foreign investment, and create a stable, fair, transparent, and predictable busine environment.

加快实施走出去战略。

We will speed up the implementation of the "go global" strategy.36

鼓励企业参与境外基础设施建设和产能合作，推动铁路、电力、通信、工程机械以及汽车、飞机、电子等中国装备走向世界，促进冶金、建材等产业对外投资。实行以备案制为主的对外投资管理方式。扩大出口信用保险规模，对大型成套设备出口融资应保尽保。

We will encourage Chinese companies to participate in overseas infrastructure development projects and engage in cooperation with their foreign counterparts in building up production capacity.We will work to increase the international market share of Chinese railway, electric power, communications, engineering machinery, automobile, aircraft, electronics, and other equipment, and encourage the metallurgical, building materials, and other industries to invest overseas.Outbound investment will be mainly managed on a record-keeping basis.We will scale up export credit insurance to provide export financing insurance for all insurable complete sets of large equipment.

拓宽外汇储备运用渠道，健全金融、信息、法律、领事保护服务。注重风险防范，提高海外权益保障能力。让中国企业走得出、走得稳，在国际竞争中强筋健骨、发展壮大。

We will broaden the channels for using foreign exchange reserves, provide better financial services, information services, legal services, and consulate protection to Chinese firms investing abroad, guard against risk, and strengthen our capacity to protect the rights and interests of Chinese enterprises overseas.We are confident that these steps will enable Chinese companies to go global and go steadily, emerging stronger in international competition.

构建全方位对外开放新格局。

We will foster a new environment in all-round opening up.

推进丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路合作建设。加快互联互通、大通关和国际物流大通道建设。构建中巴、孟中印缅等经济走廊。扩大内陆和沿边开放，促进经济技术开发区创新发展，提高边境经济合作区、跨境经济合作区发 37 展水平。积极推动上海、广东、天津、福建自贸试验区建设，在全国推广成熟经验，形成各具特色的改革开放高地。

We will work with the relevant countries in developing the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.We will move faster to strengthen infrastructure connectivity with China's neighbors, simplify customs clearance procedures, and build international logistics gateways.We will work to build the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor.We will make China's interior and border areas more open to the outside world, promote the innovation-driven development of economic and technological development zones, and upgrade both border and cro-border economic cooperation areas.We will work actively to develop pilot free trade zones in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian, and extend good practices developed in these zones to the rest of the country so that such zones become leading reform and opening up areas, each with its own distinctive features.

统筹多双边和区域开放合作。

We will promote multilateral, bilateral, and regional opening up and cooperation.

维护多边贸易体制，推动信息技术协定扩围，积极参与环境产品、政府采购等国际谈判。加快实施自贸区战略，尽早签署中韩、中澳自贸协定，加快中日韩自贸区谈判，推动与海合会、以色列等自贸区谈判，力争完成中国－东盟自贸区升级谈判和区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判，建设亚太自贸区。推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判。中国是负责任、敢担当的国家，我们愿做互利共赢发展理念的践行者、全球经济体系的建设者、经济全球化的推动者。

We will uphold multilateral trade systems, work to promote expansion of the Information Technology Agreement, and take an active part in international talks in areas such as environmental products and government procurement.We will move faster to implement the strategy of developing free trade zones, ensuring that agreements on free trade zones with the Republic of Korea and Australia are signed as soon as poible; stepping up negotiations on the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Zone; working for progre in talks on free trade zones with the Gulf Cooperation Council 38 and Israel; endeavoring to complete the talks on upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone and on establishing the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership; and working to build the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Zone.We will continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union.As a responsible and enterprising nation, China champions the vision of promoting mutually beneficial development, boosting the global economy, and encouraging economic globalization.

四、协调推动经济稳定增长和结构优化

IV.Balancing Steady Economic Growth and Structural Improvement

稳增长和调结构相辅相成。我们既要全力保持经济在合理区间运行，又要积极促进经济转型升级、行稳致远。

Steady growth and structural adjustment complement each other.We must work hard to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range while promoting economic transformation and upgrading, and maintaining sustainable economic growth.

加快培育消费增长点。

We will move faster to foster growth areas of consumption.

鼓励大众消费，控制“三公”消费。促进养老家政健康消费，壮大信息消费，提升旅游休闲消费，推动绿色消费，稳定住房消费，扩大教育文化体育消费。

We will encourage private consumption and curb spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality.We will promote consumption in elderly care, domestic services, and health services, help strengthen spending on information goods and services, raise consumer spending on leisure and tourism, give impetus to green consumption, keep housing consumption stable, and encourage people to spend more on education, culture, and sports.

全面推进“三网”融合，加快建设光纤网络，大幅提升宽带网络速率，发展物流快递，把以互联网为载体、线上线下互动的新兴消费搞得红红火火。

We will pre ahead with the nationwide project to deliver telecoms, radio, television, and Internet service over a single broadband connection, accelerate the

39 development of fiber-optic networks, significantly increase broadband speeds, develop logistics and expre delivery services, and ensure that new forms of Internet-based spending, which combine online-offline activities, come to thrive.

建立健全消费品质量安全监管、追溯、召回制度，严肃查处制售假冒伪劣行为，保护消费者合法权益。扩大消费要汇小溪成大河，让亿万群众的消费潜力成为拉动经济增长的强劲动力。

We will strengthen monitoring, tracking, and recall systems to ensure the safety and quality of consumer goods, severely punish the production and sale of counterfeit and shoddy goods, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.In expanding consumption, we need to ensure every drop of spending builds to create a mighty river, so that the potential contained in an ocean of private consumers will be channeled into a powerful force driving economic growth.

增加公共产品有效投资。

We will increase effective investment in public goods.

确保完成“十二五”规划重点建设任务，启动实施一批新的重大工程项目。主要是：

We will ensure that the projects set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan are completed.We will launch a number of major new projects, including:

棚户区和危房改造、城市地下管网等民生项目，

--projects for rebuilding rundown urban areas and renovating dilapidated housing, urban underground pipe network projects, and other projects to improve living standards;

中西部铁路和公路、内河航道等重大交通项目，

--major railway, highway, and inland waterway transport projects in the central and western regions;

水利、高标准农田等农业项目，

--agricultural projects on water conservancy and developing high-quality farmland; 40

信息、电力、油气等重大网络项目，

--projects that involve major information, electricity, oil, and natural gas networks;

清洁能源及油气矿产资源保障项目，

--clean energy projects, and oil, natural gas, and mineral resource supply projects;

传统产业技术改造等项目，

--projects for upgrading traditional industries; and

节能环保和生态建设项目。

--energy-saving, environmental protection, and ecological conservation projects.

今年中央预算内投资增加到4776亿元，但政府不唱“独角戏”，要更大激发民间投资活力，引导社会资本投向更多领域。

This year, the central government will increase its budgetary investment to 477.6 billion yuan.However, the government does not intend to perform an investment soliloquy; we need to do more to stimulate private investment and channel the investment of nongovernmental capital into more areas.

铁路投资要保持在8000亿元以上，新投产里程8000公里以上，在全国基本实现高速公路电子不停车收费联网，使交通真正成为发展的先行官。重大水利工程已开工的57个项目要加快建设，今年再开工27个项目，在建重大水利工程投资规模超过8000亿元。棚改、铁路、水利等投资多箭齐发，重点向中西部地区倾斜，使巨大的内需得到更多释放。

41 and investment in the major water conservancy projects under construction will exceed 800 billion yuan.Investment to be made in the above sectors, such as railways, water conservancy, and projects to rebuild rundown urban areas, will be weighted toward the central and western regions, helping stimulate enormous domestic demand.

加快推进农业现代化。

We will work harder to modernize agriculture.

坚持“三农”重中之重地位不动摇，加快转变农业发展方式，让农业更强、农民更富、农村更美。

We will continue to give top priority to our work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and the rural population, speed up the transformation of the agricultural growth model, and ensure that agriculture is stronger, people in rural areas are better off, and rural China is more beautiful.

今年粮食产量要稳定在1.1万亿斤以上，保障粮食安全和主要农产品供给。坚守耕地红线，全面开展永久基本农田划定工作，实施耕地质量保护与提升行动，推进土地整治，增加深松土地2亿亩。加强农田水利基本建设，大力发展节水农业。

This year, we need to keep grain output above 550 million metric tons, and ensure both food security and the supply of major agricultural products.We will make sure that China's arable land area does not fall below the red line of 120 million hectares.We will carry out work on designating permanent basic cropland throughout the country, launch an initiative to maintain and enhance the quality of cultivated land, improve rural land, improve the subsoil of 13.3 million hectares of cropland, strengthen the building of irrigation and water conservancy facilities, and work hard to develop water-efficient agriculture.

加快新技术、新品种、新农机研发推广应用。引导农民瞄准市场调整种养结构，支持农产品加工特别是主产区粮食就地转化，开展粮食作物改为饲料作物试点。综合治理农药兽药残留问题，全面提高农产品质量和食品安全水平。

We will step up efforts to develop and expand the use of new technology, new 42 crop varieties, and new agricultural machinery.We will guide farmers to adjust what and how much they grow or breed based on market demand.We will offer support for agricultural products to be proceed locally, particularly for grain proceing in major grain-growing areas, and carry out pilot projects to replace grain crop cultivation with feed crop cultivation.We will comprehensively addre problems such as residual traces of chemicals in agricultural products and livestock shipments.We will work to improve the quality of all agricultural products and make our food more safe to eat.

新农村建设要惠及广大农民。突出加强水和路的建设，今年再解决6000万农村人口饮水安全问题，新建改建农村公路20万公里，全面完成西部边远山区溜索改桥任务。力争让最后20多万无电人口都能用上电。

以垃圾、污水为重点加强环境治理，建设美丽宜居乡村。多渠道促进农民增收，保持城乡居民收入差距缩小势头。

We will strengthen efforts to improve the environment, focusing particularly on refuse and sewage treatment, to build a more beautiful and livable countryside.We will increase rural incomes through multiple channels and keep narrowing the urban-rural income gap.

持续打好扶贫攻坚战，深入推进集中连片特困地区扶贫开发，实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫。难度再大，今年也要再减少农村贫困人口1000万人以上。

We will continue to fight the battle against poverty, carry out extensive poverty alleviation and development programs in contiguous poor areas, and take targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty.Regardle of how difficult it may be, this year, we must again reduce the poor rural population by more than 10 million.

推进农业现代化，改革是关键。要在稳定家庭经营的基础上，支持种养大户、家庭农牧场、农民合作社、产业化龙头企业等新型经营主体发展，培养新型职业农民，推进多种形式适度规模经营。

Reform is key to modernizing agriculture.On the premise of keeping household operations stable, we will support the development of large family farming businees, family farms and pastures, farmers' cooperatives, leading agricultural enterprises, and other emerging agribusinees; cultivate a new type of skilled farmer; and develop diversified and scaled agricultural operations.

做好土地确权登记颁证工作，审慎开展农村土地征收、集体经营性建设用地入市、宅基地制度、集体产权制度等改革试点。在改革中，要确保耕地数量不减少、质量不下降、农民利益有保障。

We will ensure smooth progre in determining, registering, and certifying contracted rural land-use rights.We will move prudently to carry out pilot reforms relating to rural land requisition, putting rural collective land designated for busine-related construction on the market, the system of land use for rural housing, and the rural collective property rights system.We need to ensure that during reform, the acreage of cultivated land does not diminish, its quality does not deteriorate, and the interests of people in rural areas are protected.

深化供销社、农垦、种业、国有林场林区等改革，办好农村改革试验区和现代农业示范区。完善粮食最低收购价和临时收储政策，改进农产品目标价格补贴办法。加强涉农资金统筹整合和管理。无论财政多困难，惠农政策只能加强不能削弱，支农资金只能增加不能减少。

We will deepen the reform of rural supply and marketing cooperatives, state farms on reclaimed land, the seed industry, state forestry farms, and state forests, and work to ensure the succe of both experimental zones for carrying out rural reform and modern agriculture demonstration zones.We will refine the policy on setting minimum state grain purchase prices and the policy on the temporary state purchase and storage of major agricultural products, and improve the ways that subsidies are granted under the system of guaranteed base prices for agricultural products.We will 44 strengthen the integration and management of funds for agricultural development.Whatever fiscal difficulties we may face, our policies to support agriculture must be strengthened, and related funding must be increased.

推进新型城镇化取得新突破。

We will work to achieve breakthroughs in promoting a new type of urbanization.

城镇化是解决城乡差距的根本途径，也是最大的内需所在。要坚持以人为核心，以解决三个1亿人问题为着力点，发挥好城镇化对现代化的支撑作用。

Urbanization is a fundamental way to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and provides the largest source of domestic demand.We will make urbanization people-oriented, focus on the three tasks, and fully leverage the role of urbanization in underpinning modernization.

加大城镇棚户区和城乡危房改造力度。今年保障性安居工程新安排740万套，其中棚户区改造580万套，增加110万套，把城市危房改造纳入棚改政策范围。农村危房改造366万户，增加100万户，统筹推进农房抗震改造。

We will redouble efforts to rebuild rundown urban areas and renovate dilapidated urban and rural housing.This year, our plan includes building an additional 7.4 million units of government-subsidized housing, of which 5.8 million are to be located in rundown urban areas, an increase of 1.1 million over last year.We will bring the renovation of dilapidated urban housing under the coverage of the policy on rebuilding rundown areas.We will renovate 3.66 million dilapidated rural houses, an increase of one million over the number renovated last year.We will carry out coordinated work to make rural housing more earthquake resistant.

住房保障逐步实行实物保障与货币补贴并举，把一些存量房转为公租房和安置房。对居住特别困难的低保家庭，给予住房救助。坚持分类指导，因地施策，落实地方政府主体责任，支持居民自住和改善性住房需求，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。

In providing government housing support, we will phase in the policy of using both the provision of physical housing and the allocation of housing subsidies, and

45 transform a portion of available housing into public rental housing or housing to be sold to those being relocated.Housing allowances will be provided to families who live on subsistence allowances and are facing serious housing difficulties.We will give targeted guidance, implement policies suitable to local conditions, aign primary responsibility to local governments for the development of housing, support people's demand for housing for personal use and second homes, and promote the stable and sound development of the real estate market.

用改革的办法解决城镇化难点问题。抓紧实施户籍制度改革，落实放宽户口迁移政策。对已在城镇就业和居住但尚未落户的外来人口，以居住证为载体提供相应基本公共服务，取消居住证收费。建立财政转移支付与市民化挂钩机制，合理分担农民工市民化成本。建立规范多元可持续的城市建设投融资机制。坚持节约集约用地，稳妥建立城乡统一的建设用地市场，完善和拓展城乡建设用地增减挂钩试点。加强资金和政策支持，扩大新型城镇化综合试点。

We will draw on reform to solve tough iues in urbanization.We need to promptly implement reforms to the household registration system and relax controls over the transfer of household registration.People originally from rural areas who live and work in urban areas but have yet to gain urban residency will be able to acce basic public services on the basis of their residence certificates, and we will get rid of fees related to residence certification.We will link the transfer payments of cities to their performance in granting urban residency to eligible migrant workers and find suitable ways to share the cost of ensuring migrant workers can become urban citizens.We will establish well-regulated, diversified, and sustainable mechanisms for financing urban development.We will continue to use land economically and intensively, establish a sound unified market for urban and rural land that may be used for construction purposes, and improve and expand pilot projects to link the amount of urban and rural land granted for these purposes to that of land returned to cultivation.We will increase funding and policy support for expanding trials in the new type of urbanization.

提升城镇规划建设水平。制定实施城市群规划，有序推进基础设施和基本公共服务同城化。完善设市标准，实行特大镇扩权增能试点，控制超大城市人口规46 模，提升地级市、县城和中心镇产业和人口承载能力，方便农民就近城镇化。

We will improve the planning and construction of cities and towns.We need to formulate and implement plans for building city clusters, and work systematically to develop integrated infrastructure and basic public services within clusters.Standards for designating municipalities will be improved, trial programs will be launched to expand the powers of very large towns and increase their overall carrying capacity, and efforts will be made to bring population growth in megacities under control.We will also raise the industry and population carrying capacity of prefectural cities, county towns, and hub towns to make it easier for people from rural areas nearby to gain urban residency.

发展智慧城市，保护和传承历史、地域文化。加强城市供水供气供电、公交和防洪防涝设施等建设。坚决治理污染、拥堵等城市病，让出行更方便、环境更宜居。

We will develop smart cities and protect historical and local culture, ensuring it is paed on from generation to generation.We will strengthen urban facilities for water, gas, and electricity supplies, public transport, and flood prevention and rainwater control.We will ensure the effective governance of urban maladies such as pollution and traffic congestion to make transportation more convenient and improve the environment for urban living.

拓展区域发展新空间。

We will expand space for promoting development in different regions. 统筹实施“四大板块”和“三个支撑带”战略组合。

We will pursue in a coordinated way the strategy of developing the western region, revitalizing the northeast, boosting the rise of the central region, and ensuring the eastern region takes the lead in development and the strategy of developing the Silk Road Economic Belt, the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the Yangtze Economic Belt.

在西部地区开工建设一批综合交通、能源、水利、生态、民生等重大项目，

- In the western region, we will launch a number of major projects involving 47 multipurpose transportation systems, energy, water conservancy, the environment, and living standards;

落实好全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地政策措施，

- In the old industrial bases of the northeast and other parts of China, we will implement policies and measures designed to ensure their full revitalization;

加快中部地区综合交通枢纽和网络等建设，

- In the central region, we will speed up the development of integrated transportation hubs and networks;

支持东部地区率先发展，

- We will support the eastern region in taking the lead in development;

加大对老少边穷地区支持力度，

- We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and areas with relatively high incidences of poverty; and

完善差别化的区域发展政策。

- We will improve differentiated policies for promoting the development of different regions.

把“一带一路”建设与区域开发开放结合起来，加强新亚欧大陆桥、陆海口岸支点建设。

We will integrate the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road with the development and opening up of related regions.We will promote development of the new Eurasian Continental Bridge as well as major coastal and border ports which serve as hubs for the Belt or the Road.

推进京津冀协同发展，在交通一体化、生态环保、产业升级转移等方面率先取得实质性突破。

We will step up coordinated development for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and ensure that the region takes the lead in making substantive breakthroughs in areas 48 such as integrated transportation, ecological conservation, environmental protection, and industry upgrading and relocation.

推进长江经济带建设，有序开工黄金水道治理、沿江码头口岸等重大项目，构筑综合立体大通道，建设产业转移示范区，引导产业由东向西梯度转移。加强中西部重点开发区建设，深化泛珠等区域合作。

We will pre ahead with the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, working step by step to launch major projects including upgrading the area's major waterways and building docks and quays along the Yangtze River to create an integrated, multidimensional transport corridor.Industrial relocation demonstration zones will be built along the belt to guide the orderly relocation of industries from the east to the west.We will step up efforts to develop major development zones in the central and western regions and ensure cooperation is deepened in the pan-Pearl River Delta and other regions.

我国是海洋大国，要编制实施海洋战略规划，发展海洋经济，保护海洋生态环境，提高海洋科技水平，加强海洋综合管理，坚决维护国家海洋权益，妥善处理海上纠纷，积极拓展双边和多边海洋合作，向海洋强国的目标迈进。

China is a major maritime country.We need to draw up and implement a strategic maritime plan, develop the marine economy, protect the marine environment, strengthen marine science and technology, strengthen coordinated maritime management, resolutely safeguard China's maritime rights and interests, properly handle maritime disputes, actively expand bilateral and multilateral maritime cooperation, and move closer to achieving the goal of building China into a maritime power.

推动产业结构迈向中高端。

We will move forward in industrial structural upgrading, aiming at a medium-high level.

制造业是我们的优势产业。要实施“中国制造2025”，坚持创新驱动、智能转型、强化基础、绿色发展，加快从制造大国转向制造强国。

采取财政贴息、加速折旧等措施，推动传统产业技术改造。坚持有保有压，化解过剩产能，支持企业兼并重组，在市场竞争中优胜劣汰。促进工业化和信息化深度融合，开发利用网络化、数字化、智能化等技术，着力在一些关键领域抢占先机、取得突破。

We will provide subsidies and accelerate equipment depreciation to push forward the technological upgrading of traditional industries.We will ensure the development of some industries while restricting the growth of others, cut overcapacity, support busine acquisitions and restructuring, and let market competition determine which businees survive.We will promote the extensive application of information technologies in industrialization, develop and utilize networking, digitalization, and smart technologies, and work to develop certain key areas first and make breakthroughs in these areas.

新兴产业和新兴业态是竞争高地。要实施高端装备、信息网络、集成电路、新能源、新材料、生物医药、航空发动机、燃气轮机等重大项目，把一批新兴产业培育成主导产业。制定“互联网+”行动计划，推动移动互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等与现代制造业结合，促进电子商务、工业互联网和互联网金融健康发展，引导互联网企业拓展国际市场。国家已设立400亿元新兴产业创业投资引导基金，要整合筹措更多资金，为产业创新加油助力。

第12篇：17大政府工作报告(中英文)[1]

十七大报告全文英汉对照

[ 2007-10-31 09:50 ] 中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会于2007年10月15日上午在人民大会堂开幕。胡锦涛总书记在会上提出，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗。

以下为胡锦涛总书记报告全文的中英文对照，均为新华社发表的官方版本，供读者学习参考。

一、过去五年的工作

二、改革开放的伟大历史进程

三、深入贯彻落实科学发展观

四、实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标的新要求

五、促进国民经济又好又快发展

六、坚定不移发展社会主义民主政治

七、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣

八、加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设

九、开创国防和军队现代化建设新局面

十、推进“一国两制”实践和祖国和平统一大业十

一、始终不渝走和平发展道路

十二、以改革创新精神全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程

十七大报告全文英汉对照

Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Strive for New Victories in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in all Respects

Report to the Seventeenth National Congre of the Communist Party of China on Oct.15, 2007 Hu Jintao

Comrades, Now I would like to make a report to the Seventeenth National Congre of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on behalf of the Sixteenth Central Committee.The Seventeenth Congre is one of vital importance being held at a crucial stage of China\'s reform and development.The theme of the congre is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and strive for new victories in building a moderately prosperous

高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗 ━━胡锦涛主席在中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上的报告（2007年10月15日）同志们:

现在，我代表第十六届中央委员会向大会作报告。

中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会，是在我国改革发展关键阶段召开的一次十分重要的大会。大会的主题是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，继续解放思想，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗。

中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，是当代中国发展进步的旗帜，是全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的旗帜。解放思想是发展中国特色社会主义的一大法宝，改革开放是发展中国特色社会主义的强大动力，科学发展、社会和谐是发展中国特色社会主义的基本要求，全面建设小康社会

十七大报告全文英汉对照 society in all respects.

The great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the banner guiding development and progre in contemporary China and rallying the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country in our common endeavor.Emancipating the mind is a magic instrument for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, reform and opening up provide a strong driving force for developing it, and scientific development and social harmony are basic requirements for developing it.Building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is a goal for the Party and the state to reach by 2020, and represents the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups.

The world today is undergoing extensive and profound changes, and contemporary China is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going transformation.This brings us unprecedented opportunities as well as unprecedented challenges, with the formeroutweighing the latter.The whole Party must unswervingly hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and lead the people in starting from this new historical point, grasping and making the most of the important period of strategic opportunities, staying realistic and pragmatic,forging ahead with determination, continuing to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerate socialist modernization, and accomplishing the lofty miion bestowed by the times.I.The Work of the Past Five Years The five years since the Sixteenth Congre was an extraordinary period.In order to accomplish the arduous tasks of reform and development in a complicated and volatile international situation, the Party led the people of all ethnic groups in holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, overcoming difficulties and risks, creating a new situation in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attaining a new realm in adapting Marxism to conditions in China.

是党和国家到二０二０年的奋斗目标，是全国各族人民的根本利益所在。当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化，当代中国正在发生广泛而深刻的变革。机遇前所未有，挑战也前所未有，机遇大于挑战。全党必须坚定不移地高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，带领人民从新的历史起点出发，抓住和用好重要战略机遇期，求真务实，锐意进取，继续全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化，完成时代赋予的崇高使命。

一、过去五年的工作

十六大以来的五年是不平凡的五年。面对复杂多变的国际环境和艰巨繁重的改革发展任务，党带领全国各族人民，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，战胜各种困难和风险，开创了中国特色社会主义事业新局面，开拓了马克思主义中国化新境界。

十六大确立“三个代表”重要思想的指导地位，作出全面建设小康社会的战略决策。为贯彻十六大精神，中央召开七次全会，分别就深化机构改革、完善社会主义市场经济体制、加强党的执政能力建设、制定“十一五”规划、构建社会主义和谐社会等关系全局的重大问题作出决定和部署，提出并贯彻科学发展观等重大战略思想，推动党和国家工作取得新的重大成就。

经济实力大幅提升。经济保持平稳快速发展，国内生产总值年均增长百分之十以上，经济效益明显提高，财政收入连年显著增加，物价基本稳定。社会主义新农村建设扎实推进，区域发展协调性增强。创新型国家建设进展良好，自主创新能力较大提高。能源、交通、通信等基础设施和重点工程建设成效显著。载人航天飞行成功实现。能源资源节约和生态环境保护取得新进展。“十五”计划胜利完成，“十一五”规划进展顺利。

改革开放取得重大突破。农村综合改革逐步深化，农业税、牧业税、特产税全部取消，支农惠农政策不断加强。国有

十七大报告全文英汉对照 At its Sixteenth Congre the Party established the important thought of Three Represents as its guide and made the strategic decision to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.In order to implement the guiding principles of the congre, the Central Committee convened seven plenary seions, at which it made decisions on and arrangements for major iues of overall significance such as deepening institutional restructuring, improving the socialist market economy, strengthening the governance capability of the Party, drawing up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-10), and building a harmonious socialist society; and it formulated and applied the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.All this helped the Party and the state score great new achievements.Economic strength increased substantially.The economy sustained steady and rapid growth.The GDP expanded by an annual average of over 10%.Economic performance improved significantly, national revenue rose markedly year by year, and prices were basically stable.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside yielded solid results, and development among regions became more balanced.The endeavor to make China an innovative nation registered good progre, with considerable improvement in the country\'s capacity for independent innovation.Notable achievements were scored in the construction of infrastructure including energy, transport and telecommunications facilities and other key projects.Manned spaceflights were succefully conducted.Fresh progre was registered in energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation.The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-05) was fulfilled succefully and implementation of the eleventh is in smooth progre.Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.Comprehensive reforms in rural areas gradually deepened; agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special agricultural products were rescinded throughout the country; and policies were constantly strengthened to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Significant headway was made in reform of the state aets management system, state-owned enterprises, banking, public finance,

资产管理体制、国有企业和金融、财税、投资、价格、科技等领域改革取得重大进展。非公有制经济进一步发展。市场体系不断健全，宏观调控继续改善，政府职能加快转变。进出口总额大幅增加，实施“走出去”战略迈出坚实步伐，开放型经济进入新阶段。

人民生活显著改善。城乡居民收入较大增加，家庭财产普遍增多。城乡居民最低生活保障制度初步建立，贫困人口基本生活得到保障。居民消费结构优化，衣食住行用水平不断提高，享有的公共服务明显增强。

民主法制建设取得新进步。政治体制改革稳步推进。人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度不断完善，基层民主活力增强。人权事业健康发展。爱国统一战线发展壮大。中国特色社会主义法律体系基本形成，依法治国基本方略切实贯彻。行政管理体制、司法体制改革不断深化。

文化建设开创新局面。社会主义核心价值体系建设扎实推进，马克思主义理论研究和建设工程成效明显。思想道德建设广泛开展，全社会文明程度进一步提高。文化体制改革取得重要进展，文化事业和文化产业快速发展，人民精神文化生活更加丰富。全民健身和竞技体育取得新成绩。

社会建设全面展开。各级各类教育迅速发展，农村免费义务教育全面实现。就业规模日益扩大。社会保障体系建设进一步加强。抗击非典取得重大胜利，公共卫生体系和基本医疗服务不断健全，人民健康水平不断提高。社会管理逐步完善，社会大局稳定，人民安居乐业。国防和军队建设取得历史性成就。中国特色军事变革加速推进，裁减军队员额二十万任务顺利完成，军队革命化、现代化、正规化建设全面加强，履行新世纪新阶段历史使命能力显著提高。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 taxation, investment, pricing, and the system for managing science and technology.The non-public sector of the economy grew stronger.A sound market system was being put in place, macroeconomic regulation continued to improve, and transformation of government functions was accelerated.The total volume of imports and exports increased sharply.Solid steps were taken in implementing the \"go global\" strategy, and the open economy entered a new stage of development.Living standards improved significantly.Both urban and rural incomes increased considerably, and most families had more property than before.The system of subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents was basically in place, guaranteeing basic living conditions for the poor.Residents improved their consumption patterns, had increasingly better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily neceities, and enjoyed markedly improved public services.Fresh progre was registered in improving democracy and the legal system.Political restructuring progreed steadily.Constant improvement was made in the system of people\'s congrees, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC and the system of regional ethnic autonomy.Primary-level democracy increased its vitality.The cause of human rights witneed sound development.The patriotic united front grew stronger.A socialist law system with Chinese characteristics was basically in place.The rule of law was effectively implemented as a fundamental principle.Reform of the government administration system and the judicial system continued to deepen.

A new situation was created in cultural development.Efforts to establish the system of socialist core values made steady headway and marked achievements were scored in the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory.Extensive efforts were made to raise ideological and ethical standards and the whole of society became more culturally advanced.Cultural restructuring made important progre, cultural programs and the cultural industry developed rapidly,

港澳工作和对台工作进一步加强。香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定，与内地经贸关系更加紧密。两岸政党交流成功开启，人员往来和经济文化交流达到新水平。制定反分裂国家法，坚决维护国家主权和领土完整。

全方位外交取得重大进展。坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，各项外交工作积极开展，同各国的交流合作广泛加强，在国际事务中发挥重要建设性作用，为全面建设小康社会争取了良好国际环境。党的建设新的伟大工程扎实推进。党的执政能力建设和先进性建设深入进行。理论创新和理论武装卓有成效。保持共产党员先进性教育活动取得重大成果。党内民主不断扩大。领导班子和干部队伍建设特别是干部教育培训取得重要进展，人才工作进一步加强，干部人事制度改革和组织制度创新不断深入。党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争成效明显。

在看到成绩的同时，也要清醒认识到，我们的工作与人民的期待还有不小差距，前进中还面临不少困难和问题，突出的是：经济增长的资源环境代价过大；城乡、区域、经济社会发展仍然不平衡；农业稳定发展和农民持续增收难度加大；劳动就业、社会保障、收入分配、教育卫生、居民住房、安全生产、司法和社会治安等方面关系群众切身利益的问题仍然较多，部分低收入群众生活比较困难；思想道德建设有待加强；党的执政能力同新形势新任务不完全适应，对改革发展稳定一些重大实际问题的调查研究不够深入；一些基层党组织软弱涣散；少数党员干部作风不正，形式主义、官僚主义问题比较突出，奢侈浪费、消极腐败现象仍然比较严重。我们要高度重视这些问题，继续认真加以解决。

总起来说，这五年，是改革开放和全面建设小康社会取得重大进展的五年，是

十七大报告全文英汉对照 and the people enjoyed a richer cultural life.Fresh progre was made inpublic fitne programs and competitive sports.Social development proceeded in an all-round way.Education of various kinds and at different levels developed rapidly.Free compulsory education was made available in all rural areas.More job opportunities were created.The social security system was strengthened.The battle against SARS came to a great victory.The public health system and basic medical care constantly improved, contributing to better health of the people.Social management improved step by step.Social stability was ensured and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.Historic achievements were scored in the development of national defense and the armed forces.The revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics was accelerated.The armed forces were reduced by 200,000 troops.Efforts were intensified in all respects to make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, which notably increased their capacity to accomplish their historical miions at this new stage in the new century.Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs was intensified.Hong Kong and Macao maintained their prosperity and stability and developed closer economic partnership with the mainland.Political parties on both sides of the Taiwan Straits started communication, and cro-Straits visits as well as economic and cultural exchanges reached a new high.The Anti-Seceion Law was enacted to resolutely safeguard China\'s sovereignty and territorial integrity.Major progre was made in all-directional diplomacy.Pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China energetically carried out diplomatic activities, enhanced exchanges and cooperation with other countries in various fields and played a major constructive role in international affairs.This created a favorable international environment for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The great new undertaking to build the Party made solid progre.Endeavors to strengthen the Party\'s

我国综合国力大幅提升和人民得到更多实惠的五年，是我国国际地位和影响显著提高的五年，是党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力明显增强和全党全国各族人民团结更加紧密的五年。实践充分证明，十六大和十六大以来中央作出的各项重大决策是完全正确的。

五年来的成就，是全党全国各族人民共同奋斗的结果。我代表中共中央，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界爱国人士，向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示衷心的

十七大报告全文英汉对照 governance capability and vanguard nature were intensified.Efforts to make theoretical innovations and arm Party members with the achievements proved succeful.The campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature yielded substantial results.Intra-Party democracy continued to expand.Major headway was made in strengthening the Party\'s leading bodies and the ranks of its cadres, and especially in educating and training cadres.Work in relation to talented personnel was strengthened.Efforts were stepped up to reform the cadre and personnel system and make innovations in the organizational system.Remarkable results were achieved in improving the Party\'s style of work, upholding integrity and combating corruption.While recognizing our achievements, we must be well aware that they still fall short of the expectations of the people and that there are still quite a few difficulties and problems on our way forward.The outstanding ones include the following: Our economic growth is realized at an exceively high cost of resources and the environment.There remains an imbalance in development between urban and rural areas, among regions, and between the economy and society.It has become more difficult to bring about a steady growth of agriculture and continued increase in farmers\' incomes.There are still many problems affecting people\'s immediate interests in areas such as employment, social security, income distribution, education, public health, housing, work safety, administration of justice and public order; and some low-income people lead a rather difficult life.More efforts are needed to promote ideological and ethical progre.The governance capability of the Party falls somewhat short of the need to deal with the new situation and tasks.In-depth investigations and studies have yet to be conducted on some major practical iues related to reform, development and stability.Some primary Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party cadres are not honest and upright, their formalism and bureaucratism are quite conspicuous, and extravagance, waste, corruption and other undesirable behavior are still serious problems with them.We must pay close

十七大报告全文英汉对照 attention to these problems and continue our efforts to solve them.To sum up, the past five years was a period in which substantial progre was made in reform, opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this period, China\'s overall strength grew considerably and the people enjoyed more tangible benefits.China\'s international standing and influence rose notably.The creativity, cohesion and combat effectivene of the Party increased significantly, and the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups became more united.Facts have proved that the major policy decisions made by the Central Committee at and since the Sixteenth Congre are perfectly correct.Our achievements over the past five years are attributed to the concerted efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.On behalf of the Central Committee, I wish to expre our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people\'s organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao and in Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese nationals, and to our foreign friends who care about and support China\'s modernization drive！

II.The Great Historical Course of Reform and Opening Up We will soon be celebrating the 30th anniversary of the start of reform and opening up.In 1978, the Party held the historic Third Plenary Seion of the Eleventh Central Committee, which ushered in the new historical period of reform and opening up.Since then, the Chinese Communists and the Chinese people have, in an indomitable enterprising spirit and with their spectacular practice of innovation, composed a new epic recounting the Chinese nation\'s ceasele efforts to make progre and become stronger, and historic changes have taken place in the visages of the Chinese people, socialist China and the CPC.Reform and opening up represent a great new revolution carried on by the people under the Party\'s leadership in a new era to release and develop the

二、改革开放的伟大历史进程

我们即将迎来改革开放三十周年。一九七八年，我们党召开具有重大历史意义的十一届三中全会，开启了改革开放历史新时期。从那时以来，中国共产党人和中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，谱写了中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进新的壮丽史诗，中国人民的面貌、社会主义中国的面貌、中国共产党的面貌发生了历史性变化。

改革开放是党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，目的就是要解放和发展社会生产力，实现国家现代

十七大报告全文英汉对照 productive forces, modernize the country, bring prosperity to the Chinese people and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; to promote the self-improvement and development of China\'s socialist system, inject new vitality into socialism, and build and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics; and to improve the building of the Party as it leads contemporary China in development and progre, preserve and enhance its vanguard nature, and ensure that it is always in the forefront of the times.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was conducted on a foundation laid by the Party\'s first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core, which founded Mao Zedong Thought, led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in establishing the People\'s Republic and scoring great achievements in our socialist revolution and construction, and gained invaluable experience in its painstaking exploration for laws governing socialist construction.The victory in the new-democratic revolution and the establishment of the basic system of socialism provided the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional basis for every inch of development and progre in contemporary China.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was initiated by the Party\'s second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the endeavor.In a precarious situation left by the \"cultural revolution\" (1966-76), the second generation of central collective leadership, persisting in emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts and displaying immense political and theoretical courage, made a scientific appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, thoroughly repudiated the erroneous theory and practice of \"taking cla struggle as the key link,\" and made the historic policy decision to shift the focus of the work of the Party and the state onto economic development and introduce reform and opening up.It established the basic line for the primary stage of socialism, sounded the clarion call of the times for taking our own

化，让中国人民富裕起来，振兴伟大的中华民族；就是要推动我国社会主义制度自我完善和发展，赋予社会主义新的生机活力，建设和发展中国特色社会主义；就是要在引领当代中国发展进步中加强和改进党的建设，保持和发展党的先进性，确保党始终走在时代前列。

我们要永远铭记，改革开放伟大事业，是在以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体创立毛泽东思想，带领全党全国各族人民建立新中国、取得社会主义革命和建设伟大成就以及艰辛探索社会主义建设规律取得宝贵经验的基础上进行的。新民主主义革命的胜利，社会主义基本制度的建立，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。

我们要永远铭记，改革开放伟大事业，是以邓小平同志为核心的党的第二代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民开创的。面对十年“文化大革命”造成的危难局面，党的第二代中央领导集体坚持解放思想、实事求是，以巨大的政治勇气和理论勇气，科学评价毛泽东同志和毛泽东思想，彻底否定“以阶级斗争为纲”的错误理论和实践，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线，吹响走自己的路、建设中国特色社会主义的时代号角，创立邓小平理论，指引全党全国各族人民在改革开放的伟大征程上阔步前进。

我们要永远铭记，改革开放伟大事业，是以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民继承、发展并成功推向二十一世纪的。从十三届四中全会到十六大，受命于重大历史关头的党的第三代中央领导集

十七大报告全文英汉对照 road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics, founded Deng Xiaoping Theory, and led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in striding forward on the great journey of reform and opening up.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was carried on, developed and succefully carried into the 21st century by the Party\'s third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups on this miion.From the Fourth Plenary Seion of the Thirteenth Central Committee through the Sixteenth Congre, the third generation of central collective leadership, which took over the helm at a critical historical juncture, held high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, preed ahead with reform and opening up and kept up with the times.Relying on the Party and the people, it stood the severe tests of political turbulences and economic risks at home and abroad, safeguarded socialism with Chinese characteristics, initiated the new, socialist market economy and ushered in a new phase of all-round opening up; and it advanced the great new undertaking to build the Party, founded the important thought of Three Represents, and steered the ship of reform and opening up forward on the right course.Since the Sixteenth Congre, we have followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, kept up with new developments and changes in and outside China, grasped the strategic opportunities in this important period, promoted the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit and persisted in innovation in both theory and practice.We have worked hard to promote scientific development and social harmony, improved the socialist market economy, and resolutely carried forward the great cause of reform and opening up in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Reform and opening up constitute the most salient feature of the new period.From the countryside to the cities and from the economic to other areas, the proce of sweeping reform has unfolded with

体，高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，坚持改革开放、与时俱进，在国内外政治**、经济风险等严峻考验面前，依靠党和人民，捍卫中国特色社会主义，创建社会主义市场经济新体制，开创全面开放新局面，推进党的建设新的伟大工程，创立“三个代表”重要思想，继续引领改革开放的航船沿着正确方向破浪前进。

十六大以来，我们以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，顺应国内外形势发展变化，抓住重要战略机遇期，发扬求真务实、开拓进取精神，坚持理论创新和实践创新，着力推动科学发展、促进社会和谐，完善社会主义市场经济体制，在全面建设小康社会实践中坚定不移地把改革开放伟大事业继续推向前进。

新时期最鲜明的特点是改革开放。从农村到城市、从经济领域到其他各个领域，全面改革的进程势不可当地展开了；从沿海到沿江沿边，从东部到中西部，对外开放的大门毅然决然地打开了。这场历史上从未有过的大改革大开放，极大地调动了亿万人民的积极性，使我国成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。今天，一个面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的社会主义中国巍然屹立在世界东方。

新时期最显著的成就是快速发展。我们党实施现代化建设“三步走”战略，带领人民艰苦奋斗，推动我国以世界上少有的速度持续快速发展起来。我国经济从一度濒于崩溃的边缘发展到总量跃至世界第

四、进出口总额位居世界第三，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，农村贫困人口从两亿五千多万减少到

十七大报告全文英汉对照 irresistible momentum.From the coastal areas to areas along the Yangtze River and the borders, and from the eastern to the central and western regions, the door has been resolutely opened to the outside world.This great undertaking of reform and opening up, never seen before in history, has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of Chinese people and brought about China\'s historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a robust socialist market economy, and from a closed or semi-closed state to all-round opening up.Today socialist China is standing rock-firm in the East, oriented toward modernization, the world and the future.Rapid development represents the most remarkable achievement in the new period.The Party has been implementing the three-step strategy for modernization, leading the people in working hard to promote China\'s sustained rapid development at a rate rarely seen in the world.China\'s economy, once on the verge of collapse, has grown to rank as the fourth largest in the world, and its import and export volume, the third biggest.The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are leading a fairly comfortable life on the whole.The impoverished population in rural areas has dropped from more than 250 million to just over 20 million.The country\'s achievements in political, cultural and social development have captured world attention.China\'s development has not only enabled its people to move steadily toward prosperity and happine, but also contributed substantially to the growth of the world economy and the progre of human civilization.Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark of the new period.Adhering to the Marxist ideological line, the Party has been constantly seeking answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it.The Party has been constantly adapting Marxism to conditions in China, and adhering to and enriching its own basic theory, line, program and experience.Socialism and Marxism have shown great

两千多万，政治建设、文化建设、社会建设取得举世瞩目的成就。中国的发展，不仅使中国人民稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路，而且为世界经济发展和人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。

新时期最突出的标志是与时俱进。我们党坚持马克思主义的思想路线，不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义，建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题，不断推进马克思主义中国化，坚持并丰富党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验。社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机，给人民带来更多福祉，使中华民族大踏步赶上时代前进潮流、迎来伟大复兴的光明前景。

事实雄辩地证明，改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，是发展中国特色社会主义、实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路；只有社会主义才能救中国，只有改革开放才能发展中国、发展社会主义、发展马克思主义。

改革开放作为一场新的伟大革命，不可能一帆风顺，也不可能一蹴而就。最根本的是，改革开放符合党心民心、顺应时代潮流，方向和道路是完全正确的，成效和功绩不容否定，停顿和倒退没有出路。

在改革开放的历史进程中，我们党把坚持马克思主义基本原理同推进马克思主义中国化结合起来，把坚持四项基本原则同坚持改革开放结合起来，把尊重人民首创精神同加强和改善党的领导结合起来，把坚持社会主义基本制度同发展市场经济结合起来，把推动经济基础变革同推动上层建筑改革结合起来，把发展社会生产力同提高全民族文明素质结合起来，把提高效率同促进社会公平结合起来，把坚持独立自主同参与经济全球化结合起来，把促进改革发展

十七大报告全文英汉对照 vitality on Chinese soil, brought more benefits to the people, and enabled the Chinese nation to catch up with the trend of the times in great strides and see the bright future of national rejuvenation.Facts have incontrovertibly proved that the decision to begin reform and opening up is vital to the destiny of contemporary China, that reform and opening up are the only way of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejuvenating the Chinese nation, that only socialism can save China and that only reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism.As a great new revolution, reform and opening up are not to be plain sailing or be accomplished overnight.Eentially they accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.The orientation and path of reform and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated.To stop or reverse reform and opening up would only lead to a blind alley.In the historical course of reform and opening up, the Party has combined adhering to the basic tenets of Marxism with adapting it to Chinese conditions, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles with adhering to the reform and opening up policy, respecting the people\'s pioneering initiative with strengthening the Party\'s leadership, adhering to the basic system of socialism with developing the market economy, effecting changes in the economic base with promoting reform of the superstructure, developing the productive forces with improving the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation, raising efficiency with promoting social equity, pursuing independent development with taking part in economic globalization, promoting reform and development with maintaining social stability, and advancing the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics with making progre in the great new undertaking to build the Party.In this course the Party has gained invaluable experience in eliminating poverty, accelerating modernization, and consolidating and developing socialism in a large developing country of over one billion people.

同保持社会稳定结合起来，把推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业同推进党的建设新的伟大工程结合起来，取得了我们这样一个十几亿人口的发展中大国摆脱贫困、加快实现现代化、巩固和发展社会主义的宝贵经验。

改革开放以来我们取得一切成绩和进步的根本原因，归结起来就是：开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系。高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，最根本的就是要坚持这条道路和这个理论体系。

中国特色社会主义道路，就是在中国共产党领导下，立足基本国情，以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，解放和发展社会生产力，巩固和完善社会主义制度，建设社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治、社会主义先进文化、社会主义和谐社会，建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。中国特色社会主义道路之所以完全正确、之所以能够引领中国发展进步，关键在于我们既坚持了科学社会主义的基本原则，又根据我国实际和时代特征赋予其鲜明的中国特色。在当代中国，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，就是真正坚持社会主义。

中国特色社会主义理论体系，就是包括邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想以及科学发展观等重大战略思想在内的科学理论体系。这个理论体系，坚持和发展了马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想，凝结了几代中国共产党人带领人民不懈探索实践的智慧和心血，是马克思主义中国化最新成果，是党最可宝贵的政治和精神财富，是全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。中国特色社会主义理论体系是不断发展的开放的理论体系。《共产党宣言》发表以来近一百六十年

十七大报告全文英汉对照 To sum up, the fundamental reason behind all our achievements and progre since the reform and opening up policy was introduced is that we have blazed a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and established a system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Eentially, to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics means to keep to this path and uphold this system.Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we will, under the leadership of the CPC and in light of China\'s basic conditions, take economic development as the central task, adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevere in reform and opening up, release and develop the productive forces, consolidate and improve the socialist system, develop the socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modern socialist country.The main reason this path is completely correct and can lead China to development and progre is that we have adhered to the basic tenets of scientific socialism and in the meantime added to them distinct Chinese characteristics in light of China\'s conditions and the features of the times.In contemporary China, to stay true to socialism means to keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics constitute a system of scientific theories including Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.This system represents the Party\'s adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and embodies the wisdom and hard work of several generations of Chinese Communists leading the people in carrying out tirele explorations and practices.It is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, the Party\'s invaluable political and intellectual aet, and the common ideological foundation for the concerted endeavor of the people of all ethnic groups.It is an open system that keeps developing.Practices since the publication

的实践证明，马克思主义只有与本国国情相结合、与时代发展同进步、与人民群众共命运，才能焕发出强大的生命力、创造力、感召力。在当代中国，坚持中国特色社会主义理论体系，就是真正坚持马克思主义。

实践永无止境，创新永无止境。全党同志要倍加珍惜、长期坚持和不断发展党历经艰辛开创的中国特色社会主义道路和中国特色社会主义理论体系，坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进，勇于变革、勇于创新，永不僵化、永不停滞，不为任何风险所惧，不被任何干扰所惑，使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广，让当代中国马克思主义放射出更加灿烂的真理光芒。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 of the Communist Manifesto nearly 160 years ago have proved that only when Marxism is integrated with the conditions of a specific country, advances in step with the times and is tied to the destiny of the people can it demonstrate its strong vitality, creativity and appeal.In contemporary China, to stay true to Marxism means to adhere to the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.There is no end to practice or innovation.All Party members must cherish the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which the Party explored and created after going through all the hardships, keep to the path and uphold the system for a long time to come and constantly develop them.We must continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep up with the times, make bold changes and innovations, stay away from rigidity or stagnation, fear no risks, never be confused by any interference, broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shines even more brightly.III.Thoroughly Applying the Scientific Outlook on Development To continue to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics at the new stage of development, we must follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the important thoughts on development advanced by the previous three generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expreion of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development.It is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China\'s economic and social development and a major strategic thought that

三、深入贯彻落实科学发展观

在新的发展阶段继续全面建设小康社会、发展中国特色社会主义，必须坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观。

科学发展观，是对党的三代中央领导集体关于发展的重要思想的继承和发展，是马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现，是同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想既一脉相承又与时俱进的科学理论，是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针，是发展中国特色社会主义必须坚持和贯彻的重大战略思想。

科学发展观，是立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情，总结我国发展实践，借鉴国

十七大报告全文英汉对照 we must uphold and apply in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.In light of the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, the Scientific Outlook on Development has been formulated to meet new requirements of development by analyzing China\'s own practice and drawing on the experience of other countries in development.At this new stage in the new century, China\'s development shows a series of new features which are mainly as follows: The economic strength has increased markedly, but the overall productivity remains low, the capacity for independent innovation is weak, and the longstanding structural problems and the extensive mode of growth are yet to be fundamentally addreed.The socialist market economy is basically in place, but there remain structural and institutional obstacles slowing down development, and further reform in difficult areas is confronted with deep-seated problems.A relatively comfortable standard of living has been achieved for the people as a whole, butthe trend of a growing gap in income distribution has not been thoroughly reversed, there are still a considerable number of impoverished and low-income people in both urban and rural areas, and it has become more difficult to accommodate the interests of all sides.Efforts to balance development have yielded remarkable results, but the foundation of agriculture remains weak, the rural areas still lag behind in development, and we face an arduous task to narrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps in development and promote balanced economic and social development.Socialist democracy has continued to develop and we have made steady progre in implementing the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but efforts to improve democracy and the legal system fall somewhat short of the need to expand people\'s democracy and promote economic and social development, and political restructuring has to be deepened.Socialist culture is thriving as never before, but the people have growing cultural needs and have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking, setting higher requirements for the development of an advanced socialist culture.Our society has become

外发展经验，适应新的发展要求提出来的。进入新世纪新阶段，我国发展呈现一系列新的阶段性特征，主要是：经济实力显著增强，同时生产力水平总体上还不高，自主创新能力还不强，长期形成的结构性矛盾和粗放型增长方式尚未根本改变；社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，同时影响发展的体制机制障碍依然存在，改革攻坚面临深层次矛盾和问题；人民生活总体上达到小康水平，同时收入分配差距拉大趋势还未根本扭转，城乡贫困人口和低收入人口还有相当数量，统筹兼顾各方面利益难度加大；协调发展取得显著成绩，同时农业基础薄弱、农村发展滞后的局面尚未改变，缩小城乡、区域发展差距和促进经济社会协调发展任务艰巨；社会主义民主政治不断发展、依法治国基本方略扎实贯彻，同时民主法制建设与扩大人民民主和经济社会发展的要求还不完全适应，政治体制改革需要继续深化；社会主义文化更加繁荣，同时人民精神文化需求日趋旺盛，人们思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强，对发展社会主义先进文化提出了更高要求；社会活力显著增强，同时社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局发生深刻变化，社会建设和管理面临诸多新课题；对外开放日益扩大，同时面临的国际竞争日趋激烈，发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在，可以预见和难以预见的风险增多，统筹国内发展和对外开放要求更高。

这些情况表明，经过新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来的不懈努力，我国取

十七大报告全文英汉对照 evidently more dynamic, but profound changes have taken place in the structure of society, in the way society is organized and in the pattern of social interests, and many new iues have emerged in social development and management.China is opening wider to the outside world, but international competition is becoming increasingly acute, preure in the form of the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come, both predictable and unpredictable risks are increasing, and the need to balance domestic development and opening to the outside world is greater than ever.All this shows that through the unremitting efforts we have made since the founding of the People\'s Republic in 1949, particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, China has scored achievements in development that have captured world attention, and experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.However, the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come has not changed, nor has Chinese society\'s principal contradictionWe must regard development as the top priority of the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country.Development is of decisive significance for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and speeding up socialist modernization.We must firmly commit ourselves to the central task of economic development, concentrate on construction and development, and keep releasing and developing the productive forces.We must better implementthe strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development.We must grasp the law of development, make innovations in our thinking, transform the mode of development, crack hard iues and raise quality and efficiency to achieve sound and rapid development, so that we can lay a solid foundation for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must strive for scientific development by putting people first and making it comprehensive, balanced and sustainable; we must strive for harmonious development by integrating all undertakings and promoting unity and amity among all members of society; and we must strive for peaceful development in the course of which China develops itself by safeguarding world peace and contributes to world peace by developing itself.We must pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.In accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we will promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development, coordinate all links and aspects of our modernization drive, and balance the relations of production with the productive forces and the superstructure with the economic base.We must adopt an enlightened approach to development that results in expanded production, a better life and sound ecological and environmental conditions, and build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society that coordinates growth rate with the economic structure, quality and efficiency, and harmonizes economic growth with the population, resources and the environment, so that our people will live and work under sound ecological and environmental conditions and our economy and society will develop in a sustainable way.Promote balanced development to ensure sound and rapid economic growth.The development pattern will be significantly transformed.We will quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020 through optimizing the economic structure and improving economic returns while reducing consumption of resources and protecting the environment.The socialist market economy will be improved.We will greatly enhance our capacity for independent innovation, enabling scientific and technological advancement to contribute much more to economic growth and making China an innovative country.The

四、实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标的新要求

我们已经朝着十六大确立的全面建设小康社会的目标迈出了坚实步伐，今后要继续努力奋斗，确保到二０二０年实现全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标。我们必须适应国内外形势的新变化，顺应各族人民过上更好生活的新期待，把握经济社会发展趋势和规律，坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本纲领，在十六大确立的全面建设小康社会目标的基础上对我国发展提出新的更高要求。

——增强发展协调性，努力实现经济又好又快发展。转变发展方式取得重大进展，在优化结构、提高效益、降低消耗、保护环境的基础上，实现人均国内生产总值到二０二０年比二０００年翻两番。社会主义市场经济体制更加完善。自主创新能力显著提高，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率大幅上升，进入创新型国家行列。居民消费率稳步提高，形成消费、投资、出口协调拉动的增长格局。城乡、区域协调互动发展机制和主体功能区布局基本形成。社会主义新农村建设取得重大进展。城镇人口比重明显增加。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 ratio of consumption to GDP will increase steadily, and consumption, investment and export will be coordinated to boost economic growth.A mechanism for urban and rural areas and for different regions to have balanced and interactive development and a layout of development priority zones will be basically in place.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside will make significant headway.The proportion of urban residents will notably increase.Promote cultural development and notably enhance the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation.Socialist core values will prevail among the people, and fine ideological and ethical trends will be encouraged.A basic system of public cultural services will cover the whole society, the cultural industry will account for much more of the national economy and become more competitive internationally, and a more abundant supply of cultural products will be available to meet the people\'s needs.Promote a conservation culture by basically forming an energy- and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries, pattern of growth and mode of consumption.We will have a large-scale circular economy and considerably increase the proportion of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption.The discharge of major pollutants will be brought under effective control and the ecological and environmental quality will improve notably.Awarene of conservation will be firmly established in the whole of society.When the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is attained by 2020, China, a large developing socialist country with an ancient civilization, will have basically accomplished industrialization, with its overall strength significantly increased and its domestic market ranking as one of the largest in the world.It will be a country whose people are better off and enjoy markedly improved quality of life and a good environment.Its citizens will have more extensive democratic rights, show higher ethical standards and look forward to greater cultural achievements.China will have better institutions in all areas and Chinese society will have greater vitality coupled with stability and unity.The country will be still more open and friendly to the outside world and make greater contributions to human civilization.The following five years will be a crucial period for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We must enhance our confidence and work hard to lay a more solid foundation for succe in building a moderately prosperous society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people.

V.Promoting Sound and Rapid Development of the National Economy To attain the objectives for economic development, it is eential to significantly accelerate the transformation of the development pattern and improve the socialist

到二０二０年全面建设小康社会目标实现之时，我们这个历史悠久的文明古国和发展中社会主义大国，将成为工业化基本实现、综合国力显著增强、国内市场总体规模位居世界前列的国家，成为人民富裕程度普遍提高、生活质量明显改善、生态环境良好的国家，成为人民享有更加充分民主权利、具有更高文明素质和精神追求的国家，成为各方面制度更加完善、社会更加充满活力而又安定团结的国家，成为对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力、为人类文明作出更大贡献的国家。

今后五年是全面建设小康社会的关键时期。我们要坚定信心，埋头苦干，为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础。

五、促进国民经济又好又快发展

实现未来经济发展目标，关键要在加快转变经济发展方式、完善社会主义市场经济体制方面取得重大进展。要大力推进经济结构战略性调整，更加注重提高

十七大报告全文英汉对照 market economy.We need to vigorously push forward strategic economic restructuring and make greater efforts to improve China\'s capacity for independent innovation as well as energy and environmental conservation, and to enhance the overall quality of the economy and its international competitivene.We need to deepen our understanding of the laws governing the socialist market economy, introduce institutions to give better play to the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, and form a system of macroeconomic regulation conducive to scientific development.1.Enhance China\'s capacity for independent innovation and make China an innovative country.This is the core of our national development strategy and a crucial link in enhancing the overall national strength.We need to keep to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics and improve our capacity for independent innovation in all areas of modernization.We need to conscientiously implement the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development (2006-20), increase spending on independent innovation, and make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to our economic and social development.We will speed up forming a national innovation system and support basic research, research in frontier technology and technological research for public welfare.We will step up our efforts to establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes, and guide and support the concentration of factors of innovation in enterprises, thereby promoting the translation of scientific and technological advances into practical productive forces.We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, optimize the allocation of relevant resources, and improve the legal guarantee, policy system, incentive mechanism and market conditions to encourage technological innovation and the application of scientific and technological achievements in production.We will implement the strategy for

自主创新能力、提高节能环保水平、提高经济整体素质和国际竞争力。要深化对社会主义市场经济规律的认识，从制度上更好发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，形成有利于科学发展的宏观调控体系。

（一）提高自主创新能力，建设创新型国家。这是国家发展战略的核心，是提高综合国力的关键。要坚持走中国特色自主创新道路，把增强自主创新能力贯彻到现代化建设各个方面。认真落实国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，加大对自主创新投入，着力突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术。加快建设国家创新体系，支持基础研究、前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究。加快建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系，引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚，促进科技成果向现实生产力转化。深化科技管理体制改革，优化科技资源配置，完善鼓励技术创新和科技成果产业化的法制保障、政策体系、激励机制、市场环境。实施知识产权战略。充分利用国际科技资源。进一步营造鼓励创新的环境，努力造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才，注重培养一线的创新人才，使全社会创新智慧竞相迸发、各方面创新人才大量涌现。

（二）加快转变经济发展方式，推动产业结构优化升级。这是关系国民经济全局紧迫而重大的战略任务。要坚持走中

十七大报告全文英汉对照 intellectual property rights.We will make the best use of international resources of science and technology.We will continue to create conditions conducive to innovation, work to train world-cla scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research, attach great importance to training innovative personnel in the frontline of production, inspire the creative wisdom of the whole society and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel in all areas.2.Accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development and promote upgrading of the industrial structure.This is a preing strategic task vital to the national economy as a whole.We must keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, pursue the policy of boosting domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, and propel three transitions in the mode of economic growth: the transition from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on a well coordinated combination of consumption, investment and export, the transition from secondary industry serving as the major driving force to primary, secondary and tertiary industries jointly driving economic growth, and the transition from relying heavily on increased consumption of material resources to relying mainly on advances in science and technology, improvement in the quality of the workforce and innovation in management.We will develop amodern industrial system, integrate IT application with industrialization, push our large industries to grow stronger, invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, and eliminate outdated production capacities.We will upgrade new- and high-technology industries and develop information, biotechnology, new materials, aerospace, marine and other industries.We will develop the modern service industry and raise the level of the service sector and its share in the economy.We will step up efforts to improve basic industries and infrastructure and accelerate development of a modern energy industry and a comprehensive transport system.We will ensure the quality and safety of products.We will encourage formation of internationally competitive conglomerates.3.Balance urban and rural development and build a

国特色新型工业化道路，坚持扩大国内需求特别是消费需求的方针，促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变，由主要依靠第二产业带动向依靠第

一、第

二、第三产业协同带动转变，由主要依靠增加物质资源消耗向主要依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、管理创新转变。发展现代产业体系，大力推进信息化与工业化融合，促进工业由大变强，振兴装备制造业，淘汰落后生产能力；提升高新技术产业，发展信息、生物、新材料、航空航天、海洋等产业；发展现代服务业，提高服务业比重和水平；加强基础产业基础设施建设，加快发展现代能源产业和综合运输体系。确保产品质量和安全。鼓励发展具有国际竞争力的大企业集团。

（三）统筹城乡发展，推进社会主义新农村建设。解决好农业、农村、农民问题，事关全面建设小康社会大局，必须始终作为全党工作的重中之重。要加强农业基础地位，走中国特色农业现代化道路，建立以工促农、以城带乡长效机制，形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局。坚持把发展现代农业、繁荣农村经济作为首要任务，加强农村基础设施建设，健全农村市场和农业服务体系。加大支农惠农政策力度，严格保护耕地，增加农业投入，促进农业科技进步，增强农业综合生产能力，确保国家粮食安全。加强动植物疫病防控，提高农产品质量安全水平。以促进农民增收为核心，发展乡镇企业，壮大县域经济，多渠道转移农民就业。提高扶贫开发水平。深化农村综合改革，推进农村金融体制改革和创新，改革集体林权制度。坚持农村基本经营制度，稳定和完善土

十七大报告全文英汉对照 new socialist countryside.As resolution of iues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers has an overall impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must always make it a top priority in the work of the whole Party.We will strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the national economy, take a path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics,set up a permanent mechanism of industry promoting agriculture and urban areas helping rural areas, and form a new pattern that integrates economic and social development in urban and rural areas.We will continue to take developing modern agriculture and invigorating the rural economy as a primary task, strengthen infrastructure in rural areas, and improve the system of rural markets and that of services for agriculture.We will increase policy measures to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers, strictly protect arable land, increase spending on agriculture, promote advances in agriculture-related science and technology, and improve overall agricultural production capacity to ensure food security for the nation.We will intensify efforts to prevent and control animal and plant epidemic diseases and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.To increase farmers\' income, we will develop rural enterprises, expand county economies, and transfer rural labor out of farming through various channels.We will enhance poverty reduction through development.We will deepen the comprehensive rural reform, promote reform and innovation in the rural banking system, and reform the system of collective forest rights.We will uphold the basic system for rural operations, stabilize and improve land contract relations, improve the market for transferring land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis, and develop various forms of appropriate large-scale operations where conditions permit.We will explore effective forms of collective economic operations, develop specialized farmers\' cooperatives, and support the industrialized operation of agriculture and the development of leading agribusinees.We will train a new type of farmers

地承包关系，按照依法自愿有偿原则，健全土地承包经营权流转市场，有条件的地方可以发展多种形式的适度规模经营。探索集体经济有效实现形式，发展农民专业合作组织，支持农业产业化经营和龙头企业发展。培育有文化、懂技术、会经营的新型农民，发挥亿万农民建设新农村的主体作用。

（四）加强能源资源节约和生态环境保护，增强可持续发展能力。坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，关系人民群众切身利益和中华民族生存发展。必须把建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会放在工业化、现代化发展战略的突出位置，落实到每个单位、每个家庭。要完善有利于节约能源资源和保护生态环境的法律和政策，加快形成可持续发展体制机制。落实节能减排工作责任制。开发和推广节约、替代、循环利用和治理污染的先进适用技术，发展清洁能源和可再生能源，保护土地和水资源，建设科学合理的能源资源利用体系，提高能源资源利用效率。发展环保产业。加大节能环保投入，重点加强水、大气、土壤等污染防治，改善城乡人居环境。加强水利、林业、草原建设，加强荒漠化石漠化治理，促进生态修复。加强应对气候变化能力建设，为保护全球气候作出新贡献。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 who are educated and understand both agricultural techniques and busine management, and encourage hundreds of millions of farmers to play the major role in building a new countryside.4.Improve energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation and enhance China\'s capacity for sustainable development.Adhering to the basic state policy of conserving resources and the environment is vital to the immediate interests of the people and the survival and development of the Chinese nation.We must give prominence to building a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and get every organization and family to act accordingly.We will improve laws and policies to promote energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation, and speed up the formation of systems and mechanisms for sustainable development.We will implement the responsibility system for conserving energy and reducing emiions.We willdevelop and extend advanced and appropriate technologies for conserving, substituting and recycling energy and resources and for controlling pollution, develop clean and renewable energy sources, protect land and water resources and set up a scientific, rational system for using energy and resources more efficiently.We will develop environmental conservation industries.We will increase spending on energy and environmental conservation with the focus on intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil pollution and improving the living environment for both urban and rural residents.We will improve water conservancy, forestry and gralands, intensify efforts to bring desertification under control and prevent the spread of stony deserts, and promote restoration of the ecosystems.We will enhance our capacity to respond to climate change and make new contributions to protecting the global climate.5.Promote balanced development among regions and improve the pattern of land development.To narrow the gap in development among regions, we must work to ensure their equal acce to basic public services and guide a rational flow of factors of production between regions.Following the general strategy for

（五）推动区域协调发展，优化国土开发格局。缩小区域发展差距，必须注重实现基本公共服务均等化，引导生产要素跨区域合理流动。要继续实施区域发展总体战略，深入推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。加强国土规划，按照形成主体功能区的要求，完善区域政策，调整经济布局。遵循市场经济规律，突破行政区划界限，形成若干带动力强、联系紧密的经济圈和经济带。重大项目布局要充分考虑支持中西部发展，鼓励东部地区带动和帮助中西部地区发展。加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展扶持力度。帮助资源枯竭地区实现经济转型。更好发挥经济特区、上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区在改革开放和自主创新中的重要作用。走中国特色城镇化道路，按照统筹城乡、布局合理、节约土地、功能完善、以大带小的原则，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发展。以增强综合承载能力为重点，以特大城市为依托，形成辐射作用大的城市群，培育新的经济增长极。

（六）完善基本经济制度，健全现代市场体系。坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇地鼓励、支持、引导非公

十七大报告全文英汉对照 regional development, we will continue to carry out large-scale development of the western region, rejuvenate northeast China and other old industrial bases in an all-round way, boost the development of the central region and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will strengthen land planning, improve policies for regional development and adjust the geographical distribution of economic operations in accordance with the requirement to form development priority zones.In compliance with the laws governing the market economy, we will work beyond administrative divisions to form a number of close-knit economic rims and belts that will provide a strong impetus to the development of other areas.In locating major projects, we must give full consideration to supporting development of the central and western regions and encourage the eastern region to help them develop.We will give more support to the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic autonomous areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will help transform the economies of areas where natural resources are exhausted.We will have the special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin play a major role in reform, opening up and independent innovation.Taking a path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, we will promote balanced development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns on the principle of balancing urban and rural development, ensuring rational distribution, saving land, providing a full range of functions and getting larger cities to help smaller ones.Focusing on increasing the overall carrying capacity of cities, we will form city clusters with mega cities as the core so that they can boost development in other areas and become new poles of economic growth.6.Improve the basic economic system and the modern market system.We need to uphold and improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is dominant and different economic sectors develop side by side, unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public

有制经济发展，坚持平等保护物权，形成各种所有制经济平等竞争、相互促进新格局。深化国有企业公司制股份制改革，健全现代企业制度，优化国有经济布局和结构，增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力。深化垄断行业改革，引入竞争机制，加强政府监管和社会监督。加快建设国有资本经营预算制度。完善各类国有资产管理体制和制度。推进集体企业改革，发展多种形式的集体经济、合作经济。推进公平准入，改善融资条件，破除体制障碍，促进个体、私营经济和中小企业发展。以现代产权制度为基础，发展混合所有制经济。加快形成统一开放竞争有序的现代市场体系，发展各类生产要素市场，完善反映市场供求关系、资源稀缺程度、环境损害成本的生产要素和资源价格形成机制，规范发展行业协会和市场中介组织，健全社会信用体系。

（七）深化财税、金融等体制改革，完善宏观调控体系。围绕推进基本公共服务均等化和主体功能区建设，完善公共财政体系。深化预算制度改革，强化预算管理和监督，健全中央和地方财力与事权相匹配的体制，加快形成统一规范透明的财政转移支付制度，提高一般性转移支付规模和比例，加大公共服务领域投入。完善省以下财政体制，增强基层政府提供公共服务能力。实行有利于科学发展的财税制度，建立健全资源有偿使用制度和生态环境补偿机制。推进金融体制改革，发展各类金融市场，形成多种所有制和多种经营形式、结构合理、功能完善、高效安全的现代金融体系。提高银行业、证券业、保险业竞争

十七大报告全文英汉对照 sector, ensure equal protection of property rights, and create a new situation in which all economic sectors compete on an equal footing and reinforce each other.We will deepen the reform to introduce the corporate and shareholding systems in state-owned enterprises, improve the modern corporate structure and optimize the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy to enhance its dynamism, dominance and influence.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition, and strengthen government regulation and public oversight of them.We will accelerate development ofa budget system for managing state capital and improve systems and regulations for managing all types of state aets.We will pre ahead with the reform of collectively-owned enterprises and develop various forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will promote equitable market acce, improve the financing environment and remove institutional barriers in order to promote development of individually-owned businees and private companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop the economic sector of mixed ownership based on the modern system of property rights.We will accelerate the formation of a modern market system that is unified and open and that allows orderly competition, develop markets for factors of production, improve the pricing mechanism for factors of production and resources to reflect changes in market supply and demand, resource scarcities and environmental costs, regulate and develop industry aociations and market-based intermediaries, and improve the social credibility system.7.Deepen fiscal, taxation and financial restructuring and improve macroeconomic regulation.We will improve the public finance system as we work to ensure equal acce to basic public services and establish development priority zones.We need to deepen reform of the budget system, tighten budgetary management and oversight, improve the system whereby both the central and local governments have financial resources proportionate to their duties and responsibilities, accelerate the establishment of a unified, standardized and

力。优化资本市场结构，多渠道提高直接融资比重。加强和改进金融监管，防范和化解金融风险。完善人民币汇率形成机制，逐步实现资本项目可兑换。深化投资体制改革，健全和严格市场准入制度。完善国家规划体系。发挥国家发展规划、计划、产业政策在宏观调控中的导向作用，综合运用财政、货币政策，提高宏观调控水平。

（八）拓展对外开放广度和深度，提高开放型经济水平。坚持对外开放的基本国策，把“引进来”和“走出去”更好结合起来，扩大开放领域，优化开放结构，提高开放质量，完善内外联动、互利共赢、安全高效的开放型经济体系，形成经济全球化条件下参与国际经济合作和竞争新优势。深化沿海开放，加快内地开放，提升沿边开放，实现对内对外开放相互促进。加快转变外贸增长方式，立足以质取胜，调整进出口结构，促进加工贸易转型升级，大力发展服务贸易。创新利用外资方式，优化利用外资结构，发挥利用外资在推动自主创新、产业升级、区域协调发展等方面的积极作用。创新对外投资和合作方式，支持企业在研发、生产、销售等方面开展国际化经营，加快培育我国的跨国公司和国际知名品牌。积极开展国际能源资源互利合作。实施自由贸易区战略，加强双边多边经贸合作。采取综合措施促进国际收支基本平衡。注重防范国际经济风险。

实现国民经济又好又快发展，必将进一步增强我国经济实力，彰显社会主义市场经济的强大生机活力。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 transparent system for transfer payments, enlarge the size and proportion of general transfer payments, and increase input in public services.We will improve fiscal systems at and below the provincial level to enhance the capacity of county and township governments to provide public services.We will adopt fiscal and taxation systems conducive to scientific development and set up sound compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment.We will proceed with financial reforms to develop various types of financial markets and build a modern financial system that is inclusive of different forms of ownership and different ways of operation and that features a reasonable structure, complete functions, efficiency and security.We will make our banking, securities and insurance industries more competitive.We will improve the structure of the capital market and raise the proportion of direct financing through multiple channels.We will strengthen financial supervision and control, and forestall and defuse financial risks.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime and gradually make the RMB convertible under capital accounts.We will deepen reform of the investment system and improve and strictly enforce market acce rules.We will improve the state planning system.We will give play to the guiding role of national development plans, programs and industrial policies in macroeconomic regulation and combine the use of fiscal and monetary policies to improve macroeconomic regulation.8.Expand opening up in scope and depth and improve our open economy.Adhering to the basic state policy of opening up, we will better integrate our \"bring in\" and \"go global\" strategies, expand the areas of opening up, optimize its structure, raise its quality, and turn our open economy into one in which domestic development and opening to the outside world interact and Chinese businees and their foreign counterparts engage in win-win cooperation, and one that features security and efficiency, in order to gain new advantages for China in international economic cooperation and competition amid economic globalization.We will deepen the opening up of coastal areas, accelerate that of inland areas and upgrade that

十七大报告全文英汉对照 of border areas, so that opening up at home and opening to the outside world will promote each other.We will expedite transformation of the growth mode of foreign trade, stre quality, adjust the mix of imports and exports, promote transformation and upgrading of proceing trade, and energetically develop service trade.We will make innovations in the way of using foreign capital, improve the structure of foreign investment utilized, and let the use of foreign capital play a positive role in facilitating independent innovation, industrial upgrading and balanced development among regions.We will make innovations in our way of overseas investment and cooperation, support domestic enterprises in carrying out international operations of R&D, production and marketing, and accelerate the growth of Chinese multinational corporations and Chinese brand names in the world market.We will vigorously carry out mutually beneficial international cooperation in energy and resources.We will implement a strategy of free trade zones and expand bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.We will adopt comprehensive measures to maintain a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments.We must guard against international economic risks.By ensuring sound and rapid growth of the economy, we will further enhance China\'s economic strength, and enable our socialist market economy to exhibit its great vitality.VI.Unswervingly Developing Socialist Democracy People\'s democracy is the lifeblood of socialism.The Party has been consistently pursuing the goal of developing socialist democracy.Since China began its reform and opening up, we have made vigorous yet steady efforts to promote political restructuring, and socialist democracy has demonstrated greater vitality in the country.As an important part of the overall reform, political restructuring must be constantly deepened along with economic and social development to adapt to the growing enthusiasm of the people for participation in political affairs.We must keep to the path of political development under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and integrate the leadership of

六、坚定不移发展社会主义民主政治人民民主是社会主义的生命。发展社会主义民主政治是我们党始终不渝的奋斗目标。改革开放以来，我们积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，我国社会主义民主政治展现出更加旺盛的生命力。政治体制改革作为我国全面改革的重要组成部分，必须随着经济社会发展而不断深化，与人民政治参与积极性不断提高相适应。要坚持中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度

十七大报告全文英汉对照 the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law.We must uphold and improve the system of people\'s congrees, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society.All this will promote continuous self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.In deepening political restructuring, we must keep to the correct political orientation.On the basis of ensuring the people\'s position as masters of the country, we will expand socialist democracy, build a socialist country under the rule of law and develop socialist political civilization to enhance the vitality of the Party and the state and arouse the initiative of the people.We must uphold the Party\'s role as the core of leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters, and improve its capacity for scientific, democratic and law-based governance to ensure that the Party leads the people in effectively governing the country.We must ensure that all power of the state belongs to the people, expand the citizens\' orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, and mobilize and organize the people as extensively as poible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law.We must uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance to ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the legitimate rights and interests of citizens are safeguarded.We must maintain the features and advantages of the socialist political system and define institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy to provide political and legal guarantees of lasting stability for the Party and the country.1.Expand people\'s democracy and ensure that they are masters of the country.The eence and core of socialist democracy are that the people are masters of the country.We need to improve institutions for democracy, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we need to carry out democratic

以及基层群众自治制度，不断推进社会主义政治制度自我完善和发展。

深化政治体制改革，必须坚持正确政治方向，以保证人民当家作主为根本，以增强党和国家活力、调动人民积极性为目标，扩大社会主义民主，建设社会主义法治国家，发展社会主义政治文明。要坚持党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用，提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平，保证党领导人民有效治理国家；坚持国家一切权力属于人民，从各个层次、各个领域扩大公民有序政治参与，最广泛地动员和组织人民依法管理国家事务和社会事务、管理经济和文化事业；坚持依法治国基本方略，树立社会主义法治理念，实现国家各项工作法治化，保障公民合法权益；坚持社会主义政治制度的特点和优势，推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化，为党和国家长治久安提供政治和法律制度保障。

（一）扩大人民民主，保证人民当家作主。人民当家作主是社会主义民主政治的本质和核心。要健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，拓宽民主渠道，依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督，保障人民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权。支持人民代表大会依法履行职能，善于使党的主张通过法定程序成为国家意志；保障人大代表依法行使职权，密切人大代表同人民的联系，建议逐步实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表；加强人大常委会制度建设，优化组成人员知识结构和年龄结构。支持人民政协围绕团结和民主两大主题履行职能，推进政治协商、民主监督、

十七大报告全文英汉对照 election, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to guarantee the people\'s rights to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee.We must support people\'s congrees in performing their functions pursuant to law and effectively turn the Party\'s propositions into the will of the state through legal procedures.We must ensure that deputies to people\'s congrees exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law and maintain close ties with the general public.We propose that both urban and rural areas gradually adopt the same ratio of deputies to the represented population in elections of deputies to people\'s congrees.We must strengthen the institutions of standing committees of people\'s congrees and improve their membership composition in terms of intellectual background and age.We will support the Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in performing its functions centered on the two major themes of unity and democracy and improve the system of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs.We will incorporate political consultation in decision-making procedures, improve democratic oversight and ensure that the CPPCC participates in the deliberation and administration of state affairs more effectively.The CPPCC is encouraged to improve itself and play its important role in coordinating relations, pooling strengths, making proposals and serving the overall interests of the country.We must ensure equality among all ethnic groups and guarantee the right of ethnic autonomous areas to exercise autonomy pursuant to law.To ensure scientific and democratic decision-making, we will improve the information and intellectual support for it, increase its transparency and expand public participation in it.In principle, public hearings must be held for the formulation of laws, regulations and policies that bear closely on the interests of the public.We need to step up education about citizenship and establish socialist concepts of democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We support trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women\'s federations and other people\'s

参政议政制度建设；把政治协商纳入决策程序，完善民主监督机制，提高参政议政实效；加强政协自身建设，发挥协调关系、汇聚力量、建言献策、服务大局的重要作用。坚持各民族一律平等，保证民族自治地方依法行使自治权。推进决策科学化、民主化，完善决策信息和智力支持系统，增强决策透明度和公众参与度，制定与群众利益密切相关的法律法规和公共政策原则上要公开听取意见。加强公民意识教育，树立社会主义民主法治、自由平等、公平正义理念。支持工会、共青团、妇联等人民团体依照法律和各自章程开展工作，参与社会管理和公共服务，维护群众合法权益。

（二）发展基层民主，保障人民享有更多更切实的民主权利。人民依法直接行使民主权利，管理基层公共事务和公益事业，实行自我管理、自我服务、自我教育、自我监督，对干部实行民主监督，是人民当家作主最有效、最广泛的途径，必须作为发展社会主义民主政治的基础性工程重点推进。要健全基层党组织领导的充满活力的基层群众自治机制，扩大基层群众自治范围，完善民主管理制度，把城乡社区建设成为管理有序、服务完善、文明祥和的社会生活共同体。全心全意依靠工人阶级，完善以职工代表大会为基本形式的企事业单位民主管理制度，推进厂务公开，支持

十七大报告全文英汉对照 organizations in functioning in accordance with the law and their respective charters, participating in social management and public services and helping protect the people\'s legitimate rights and interests.2.Develop primary-level democracy and ensure that the people enjoy democratic rights in a more extensive and practical way.The most effective and extensive way for the people to be masters of the country is that they directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law to manage public affairs and public service programs at the primary level, practice self-management, self-service, self-education and self-oversight, and exercise democratic oversight over cadres.Such practices must be emphasized and promoted as the groundwork for developing socialist democracy.We need to improve the dynamic mechanism of people\'s self-governance at the primary level under the leadership of primary Party organizations, expand the scope of self-governance, and improve the institution for democratic management, with a view to turning urban and rural neighborhoods into communities of social life that are well managed, supported by complete services, and filled with civility and harmony.We must rely wholeheartedly on the working cla, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers\' conferences as its basic form and increase transparency in factory affairs to support workers\' participation in management and to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.We need to deepen institutional reforms at the town and township level to strengthen government authorities there and improve the systems for transparency in government and village affairs to bring about effective connection and beneficial interaction between government administration and primary-level self-governance.We also encourage social organizations to help expand the participation by the public and report on their petitions to improve the self-governance capability of society.3.Comprehensively implement the rule of law as a fundamental principle and speed up the building of a socialist country under the rule of law.The rule of law constitutes the eential requirement of socialist

职工参与管理，维护职工合法权益。深化乡镇机构改革，加强基层政权建设，完善政务公开、村务公开等制度，实现政府行政管理与基层群众自治有效衔接和良性互动。发挥社会组织在扩大群众参与、反映群众诉求方面的积极作用，增强社会自治功能。

（三）全面落实依法治国基本方略，加快建设社会主义法治国家。依法治国是社会主义民主政治的基本要求。要坚持科学立法、民主立法，完善中国特色社会主义法律体系。加强宪法和法律实施，坚持公民在法律面前一律平等，维护社会公平正义，维护社会主义法制的统

一、尊严、权威。推进依法行政。深化司法体制改革，优化司法职权配置，规范司法行为，建设公正高效权威的社会主义司法制度，保证审判机关、检察机关依法独立公正地行使审判权、检察权。加强政法队伍建设，做到严格、公正、文明执法。深入开展法制宣传教育，弘扬法治精神，形成自觉学法守法用法的社会氛围。尊重和保障人权，依法保证全体社会成员平等参与、平等发展的权利。各级党组织和全体党员要自觉在宪法和法律范围内活动，带头维护宪法和法律的权威。

（四）壮大爱国统一战线，团结一切可以团结的力量。促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞

十七大报告全文英汉对照 democracy.We must persist in scientific and democratic legislation to improve the socialist law system with Chinese characteristics.We will strengthen the enforcement of the Constitution and laws, ensure that all citizens are equal before the law, and safeguard social equity and justice and the consistency, sanctity and authority of the socialist legal system.We need to carry out government administration in accordance with the law.We need to deepen the reform of the judiciary system, optimize the distribution of judicial functions and powers, standardize judicial practices, and build a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judiciary system to ensure that courts and procuratorates exercise their respective powers independently and impartially in accordance with the law.We need to improve the overall quality of judicial, procuratorial and public security personnel to ensure that law enforcement is strict, impartial and civilized.We need to step up the education campaign to increase public awarene of law, and promote the spirit of the rule of law, creating a social environment in which people study, abide by and apply laws of their own accord.We must respect and safeguard human rights, and ensure the equal right to participation and development for all members of society in accordance with the law.Party organizations at all levels and all Party members must act under the Constitution and laws on their own initiative and take the lead in upholding the authority of the Constitution and laws.4.Expand the patriotic united front and unite with all forces that can be united.Promoting harmony in relations between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between our compatriots at home and overseas plays an irreplaceable role in enhancing unity and pooling strengths.Acting onthe principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing of both good and bad times, we will strengthen our cooperation with the democratic parties, support them and personages without party affiliation in better performing their functions of participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs and democratic oversight, and select and recommend a

关系的和谐，对于增进团结、凝聚力量具有不可替代的作用。要贯彻长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共的方针，加强同民主党派合作共事，支持民主党派和无党派人士更好履行参政议政、民主监督职能，选拔和推荐更多优秀党外干部担任领导职务。牢牢把握各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的主题，保障少数民族合法权益，巩固和发展平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。鼓励新的社会阶层人士积极投身中国特色社会主义建设。认真贯彻党的侨务政策，支持海外侨胞、归侨侨眷关心和参与祖国现代化建设与和平统一大业。

（五）加快行政管理体制改革，建设服务型政府。行政管理体制改革是深化改革的重要环节。要抓紧制定行政管理体制改革总体方案，着力转变职能、理顺关系、优化结构、提高效能，形成权责一致、分工合理、决策科学、执行顺畅、监督有力的行政管理体制。健全政府职责体系，完善公共服务体系，推行电子政务，强化社会管理和公共服务。加快推进政企分开、政资分开、政事分开、政府与市场中介组织分开，规范行政行为，加强行政执法部门建设，减少和规范行政审批，减少政府对微观经济运行的干预。规范垂直管理部门和地方政府的关系。加大机构整合力度，探索实行职能有机统一的大部门体制，健全部门间协调配合机制。精简和规范各类议事协调机构及其办事机构，减少行政层次，降低行政成本，着力解决机构重叠、职责交叉、政出多门问题。统筹党委、

十七大报告全文英汉对照 greater number of outstanding non-CPC persons for leading positions.Keeping in mind the objective of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, we must guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities, and strengthen and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual aistance and harmony.We will fully implement the Party\'s basic principle for its work related to religious affairs and bring into play the positive role of religious personages and believers in promoting economic and social development.We encourage members of emerging social strata to take an active part in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will conscientiously follow the Party\'s policy on overseas Chinese affairs and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in caring about and participating in the modernization drive and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.5.Accelerate the reform of the administrative system and build a service-oriented government.The administrative reform is an important part of the efforts to deepen China\'s overall reform.We must lose no time in working out a master plan for it, with the focus on changing functions, straightening out relations, optimizing the setup and raising efficiency, and bring about a system which matches powers with responsibilities, divides work in a rational way, fosters scientific decision-making, and ensures smooth enforcement and effective oversight.We need to improve the government responsibility system and the public service system, promote e-government and strengthen social management and public services.We will accelerate the separation of the functions of the government from those of enterprises, state aets management authorities, public institutions and market-based intermediaries, standardize administrative practices, strengthen administrative law-enforcement agencies, reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures, and reduce government intervention in microeconomic operations.We will standardize the relationship between local departments directly under central

政府和人大、政协机构设置，减少领导职数，严格控制编制。加快推进事业单位分类改革。

（六）完善制约和监督机制，保证人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋利益。确保权力正确行使，必须让权力在阳光下运行。要坚持用制度管权、管事、管人，建立健全决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调的权力结构和运行机制。健全组织法制和程序规则，保证国家机关按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责。完善各类公开办事制度，提高政府工作透明度和公信力。重点加强对领导干部特别是主要领导干部、人财物管理使用、关键岗位的监督，健全质询、问责、经济责任审计、引咎辞职、罢免等制度。落实党内监督条例，加强民主监督，发挥好舆论监督作用，增强监督合力和实效。

社会主义愈发展，民主也愈发展。在发展中国特色社会主义的历史进程中，中国共产党人和中国人民一定能够不断发展具有强大生命力的社会主义民主政治。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 government organs and local governments.We will step up our efforts to streamline government organs, explore ways to establish greater departments with integrated functions, and improve the mechanism of coordination and collaboration between government departments.We will downsize and standardize various organs for deliberation and coordination and their working offices, cut down levels of administration, minimize its costs, and addre the problems of overlapping organizations and functions and conflicting policies from different departments.We will give overall consideration to the setup of Party committees and governments as well as that of people\'s congrees and CPPCC committees, reduce the number of their leading positions and strictly control their staffing.We will step up the restructuring of different categories of public institutions.6.Improve the mechanism of restraint and oversight and ensure that power entrusted by the people is always exercised in their interests.Power must be exercised in the sunshine to ensure that it is exercised correctly.We must have institutions to govern power, work and personnel, and establish a sound structure of power and a mechanism for its operation in which decision-making, enforcement and oversight powers check each other and function in coordination.We will improve organic laws and rules of procedure to ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their functions and responsibilities within their statutory jurisdiction and in accordance with legal procedures.We will improve the open administrative system in various areas and increase transparency in government work, thus enhancing the people\'s trust in the government.We will focus on tightening oversight over leading cadres and especially principal ones, over the management and use of human, financial and material resources, and over key positions.We will improve the systems of inquiries, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and recall.We will implement the intra-Party oversight regulations, strengthen democratic oversight and give scope to the oversight role of public opinion, pooling forces of oversight from all sides to make it more effective.

十七大报告全文英汉对照 Democracy will keep developing along with the progre of socialism.In the historical course of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese Communists and the Chinese people will surely advance socialist democracy that is full of vitality.VII.Promoting Vigorous Development and Prosperity of Socialist Culture In the present era, culture has become a more and more important source of national cohesion and creativity and a factor of growing significance in the competition in overall national strength, and the Chinese people have an increasingly ardent desire for a richer cultural life.We must keep to the orientation of advanced socialist culture, bring about a new upsurge in socialist cultural development, stimulate the cultural creativity of the whole nation, and enhance culture as part of the soft power of our country to better guarantee the people\'s basic cultural rights and interests, enrich the cultural life in Chinese society and inspire the enthusiasm of the people for progre.1.Build up the system of socialist core values and make socialist ideology more attractive and cohesive.The system of socialist core values represents the eence of socialist ideology.We must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism, persistently arm the whole Party with and educate the people in the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, rally the people with our common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, inspire the people with patriotism-centered national spirit and with the spirit of the times centering on reform and innovation, guide social ethos with the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and solidify the common ideological basis of the joint endeavor of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.We will make every effort to carry out theoretical innovation and give Marxism of contemporary China distinct characters of practice, of the Chinese nation and of the times.We will publicize the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public.We will carry on the Project to Study and Develop Marxist

七、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣当今时代，文化越来越成为民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉、越来越成为综合国力竞争的重要因素，丰富精神文化生活越来越成为我国人民的热切愿望。要坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，兴起社会主义文化建设新高潮，激发全民族文化创造活力，提高国家文化软实力，使人民基本文化权益得到更好保障，使社会文化生活更加丰富多彩，使人民精神风貌更加昂扬向上。

（一）建设社会主义核心价值体系，增强社会主义意识形态的吸引力和凝聚力。社会主义核心价值体系是社会主义意识形态的本质体现。要巩固马克思主义指导地位，坚持不懈地用马克思主义中国化最新成果武装全党、教育人民，用中国特色社会主义共同理想凝聚力量，用以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神鼓舞斗志，用社会主义荣辱观引领风尚，巩固全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。大力推进理论创新，不断赋予当代中国马克思主义鲜明的实践特色、民族特色、时代特色。开展中国特色社会主义理论体系宣传普及活动，推动当代中国马克思主义大众化。推进马克思主义理论研究和建设工程，深入回答重大理论和实际问题，培养造就一批马克思主义理论家特别是中青年理论家。切实把社会主义核心价值体系融入国民教育和精神文明建设全过程，转化为人民的自觉追求。积极探索用社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的有效途径，主动做好意识形态工作，既尊重差异、包容多样，又有力抵制各种错误和腐朽

十七大报告全文英汉对照 Theory to provide in-depth answers to major theoretical and practical questions and to bring up a group of Marxist theoreticians, especially young and middle-aged ones.We will incorporate the socialist core values into all stages of national education and the entire proce of cultural and ethical progre to make them the targets pursued by the people of their own accord.We will explore effective ways of letting the system of socialist core values guide trends of thought and take the initiative in ideological work, respecting divergence and allowing diversity while effectively resisting the influence of erroneous and decadent ideas.We will develop philosophy and social sciences, promoting innovation in academic disciplines, academic viewpoints and research methods.We encourage people working in these fields to serve as a think tank for the cause of the Party and the people, and we will introduce related outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars to the world arena.2.Foster a culture of harmony and cultivate civilized practices.A culture of harmony provides important intellectual support for the unity and progre of all our people.We must step up the development of the pre, publishing, radio, film, television, literature and art, give correct guidance to the public and foster healthy social trends.We must balance cultural development between urban and rural areas and among different regions, focusing on enriching the cultural life in rural and remote areas and of rural migrant workers in cities.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture and foster a good cyber environment.We will promote patriotism, collectivism and socialist ideology.With the emphasis on enhancing people\'s awarene of integrity, we will promote social ethics, profeional codes of conduct, family virtues and individual morality, let paragons of virtue serve as role models for society, and guide people in conscientiously carrying out legal obligations and social and family responsibilities.We will strengthen and improve our ideological and political work, paying attention to compaionate care and psychological counseling and correctly handling interpersonal relations.We will mobilize all sectors of society in doing

思想的影响。繁荣发展哲学社会科学，推进学科体系、学术观点、科研方法创新，鼓励哲学社会科学界为党和人民事业发挥思想库作用，推动我国哲学社会科学优秀成果和优秀人才走向世界。

（二）建设和谐文化，培育文明风尚。和谐文化是全体人民团结进步的重要精神支撑。要积极发展新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术事业，坚持正确导向，弘扬社会正气。重视城乡、区域文化协调发展，着力丰富农村、偏远地区、进城务工人员的精神文化生活。加强网络文化建设和管理，营造良好网络环境。大力弘扬爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，以增强诚信意识为重点，加强社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德建设，发挥道德模范榜样作用，引导人们自觉履行法定义务、社会责任、家庭责任。加强和改进思想政治工作，注重人文关怀和心理疏导，用正确方式处理人际关系。动员社会各方面共同做好青少年思想道德教育工作，为青少年健康成长创造良好社会环境。深入开展群众性精神文明创建活动，完善社会志愿服务体系，形成男女平等、尊老爱幼、互爱互助、见义勇为的社会风尚。弘扬科学精神，普及科学知识。广泛开展全民健身运动。办好二００八年奥运会、残奥会和二０一０年世博会。

（三）弘扬中华文化，建设中华民族共有精神家园。中华文化是中华民族生生不息、团结奋进的不竭动力。要全面认识祖国传统文化，取其精华，去其糟粕，

十七大报告全文英汉对照 a good job of ideological and moral education among young people and create a favorable environment for their healthy development.We will carry out intensive activities to promote cultural and ethical progre among the public, improve the system of voluntary public services, and encourage practices such as upholding gender equality, respecting the elderly, caring for the young, showing concern for and helping each other and coming to the rescue of others even at risk to oneself.We will promote the scientific spirit and spread scientific knowledge.We will launch extensive public fitne programs and ensure the succe of the 2008 Olympic Games and the Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai.3.Promote Chinese culture and build the common spiritual home for the Chinese nation.Chinese culture has been an unfailing driving force for the Chinese nation to keep its unity and make progre from generation to generation.We must have a comprehensive understanding of traditional Chinese culture, keep its eence and discard its dro to enable it to fit in with present-day society, stay in harmony with modern civilization, keep its national character and reflect changes of the times.We will further publicize the fine traditions of Chinese culture and use modern means of science and technology to exploit the rich resources of our national culture.We will explore and better protect the cultures of all ethnic groups, attach great importance to the protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage and do a good job collating ancient books and records.We will also strengthen international cultural exchanges to draw on the fine achievements of foreign cultures and enhance the influence of Chinese culture worldwide.4.Stimulate cultural innovation and enhance the vitality of cultural development.The only way to invigorate culture is to promote innovation in its content and form, its structure and mechanism, and its means of diemination from the high starting point of our times and release and develop its productive forces.We must keep to the orientation of serving the people and socialism, upholdthe principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and maintain close contact with

使之与当代社会相适应、与现代文明相协调，保持民族性，体现时代性。加强中华优秀文化传统教育，运用现代科技手段开发利用民族文化丰厚资源。加强对各民族文化的挖掘和保护，重视文物和非物质文化遗产保护，做好文化典籍整理工作。加强对外文化交流，吸收各国优秀文明成果，增强中华文化国际影响力。

（四）推进文化创新，增强文化发展活力。在时代的高起点上推动文化内容形式、体制机制、传播手段创新，解放和发展文化生产力，是繁荣文化的必由之路。要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向和百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针，贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众，始终把社会效益放在首位，做到经济效益与社会效益相统一。创作更多反映人民主体地位和现实生活、群众喜闻乐见的优秀精神文化产品。深化文化体制改革，完善扶持公益性文化事业、发展文化产业、鼓励文化创新的政策，营造有利于出精品、出人才、出效益的环境。坚持把发展公益性文化事业作为保障人民基本文化权益的主要途径，加大投入力度，加强社区和乡村文化设施建设。大力发展文化产业，实施重大文化产业项目带动战略，加快文化产业基地和区域性特色文化产业群建设，培育文化产业骨干企业和战略投资者，繁荣文化市场，增强国际竞争力。运用高新技术创新文化生产方式，培育新的文化业态，加快构建传输快捷、覆盖广泛的文化传播体系。设立国家荣誉制度，表彰有杰出贡献的文化工作者。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 reality, life and the public.We must always give top priority to social benefits and try to ensure both good economic returns and social benefits.We must create more excellent, popular works that reflect the people\'s principal position in the country and their real life.We must deepen cultural restructuring and improve the policies for supporting nonprofit cultural programs, developing the cultural industry and encouraging cultural innovation, so as to create favorable conditions for producing fine works, outstanding personnel and good results.We must continue to develop nonprofit cultural programs as the main approach to ensuring the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, increase spending on such programs, and build more cultural facilities in urban communities and rural areas.We must vigorously develop the cultural industry, launch major projects to lead the industry as a whole, speed up development of cultural industry bases and clusters of cultural industries with regional features, nurture key enterprises and strategic investors, create a thriving cultural market and enhance the industry\'s international competitivene.We will use new and high technology to create new ways of producing cultural works, foster new forms of operation in the cultural industry and accelerate the establishment of a diemination system featuring fast communication and wide coverage.We will establish a national system of honors for outstanding cultural workers.The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture.We will give full scope to the principal position of the people in cultural development, arouse the enthusiasm of cultural workers, promote vigorous development and prosperity of culture more conscientiously and actively, and create cultural works in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that the people will share in the benefits of cultural development.VIII.Accelerating Social Development with the Focus on Improving People\'s Livelihood Social development is closely related to the people\'s well-being.More importance must therefore be

中华民族伟大复兴必然伴随着中华文化繁荣兴盛。要充分发挥人民在文化建设中的主体作用，调动广大文化工作者的积极性，更加自觉、更加主动地推动文化大发展大繁荣，在中国特色社会主义的伟大实践中进行文化创造，让人民共享文化发展成果。

八、加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设

社会建设与人民幸福安康息息相关。必须在经济发展的基础上，更加注重社会

十七大报告全文英汉对照 attached to social development on the basis of economic growth to ensure and improve people\'s livelihood, carry out social restructuring, expand public services, improve social management and promote social equity and justice.We must do our best to ensure that all our people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing, so as to build a harmonious society.1.Give priority to education and turn China into a country rich in human resources.Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation, and equal acce to education provides an important underpinning for social equity.We must implement the Party\'s educational policy to the letter, focus on educating students with top priority given to cultivating their moral integrity, improve their overall quality, modernize the educational system, and train socialist builders and succeors who have all-round attainments in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education.All this is designed to run education to the satisfaction of the people.We will optimize the educational structure, promote balanced development of compulsory education, move faster toward universal acce to senior secondary education, vigorously develop vocational education, and improve the quality of higher education.We will also attach importance to pre-school education and care about special education.We will update our views on education and deepen reform in curricula, modes of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality.We will ease the study load of primary and secondary school students and improve their overall quality.We will continue to run education on a nonprofit basis, increase government spending on education, regulate the collection of education-related fees, support the development of education in poverty-stricken and ethnic autonomous areas, improve the system of financial aid to students, and ensure that children from poor families and of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy equal acce to compulsory education as other children.We will build up the ranks of teachers, with the emphasis on improving the quality of teachers in rural areas.We will

建设，着力保障和改善民生，推进社会体制改革，扩大公共服务，完善社会管理，促进社会公平正义，努力使全体人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居，推动建设和谐社会。

（一）优先发展教育，建设人力资源强国。教育是民族振兴的基石，教育公平是社会公平的重要基础。要全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持育人为本、德育为先，实施素质教育，提高教育现代化水平，培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，办好人民满意的教育。优化教育结构，促进义务教育均衡发展，加快普及高中阶段教育，大力发展职业教育，提高高等教育质量。重视学前教育，关心特殊教育。更新教育观念，深化教学内容方式、考试招生制度、质量评价制度等改革，减轻中小学生课业负担，提高学生综合素质。坚持教育公益性质，加大财政对教育投入，规范教育收费，扶持贫困地区、民族地区教育，健全学生资助制度，保障经济困难家庭、进城务工人员子女平等接受义务教育。加强教师队伍建设，重点提高农村教师素质。鼓励和规范社会力量兴办教育。发展远程教育和继续教育，建设全民学习、终身学习的学习型社会。

（二）实施扩大就业的发展战略，促进以创业带动就业。就业是民生之本。要坚持实施积极的就业政策，加强政府引导，完善市场就业机制，扩大就业规模，改善就业结构。完善支持自主创业、自谋职业政策，加强就业观念教育，使更

十七大报告全文英汉对照 encourage and regulate educational programs run by nongovernmental sectors.Distance learning and continuing education will be promoted to make ours a society in which every citizen is committed to learning and pursues lifelong learning.2.Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities.Employment is vital to people\'s livelihood.We will continue to follow a proactive employment policy, strengthen government guidance,improve the market mechanism for employment, create more jobs and improve the employment structure.We will improve policies to encourage people to start businees or find jobs on their own and promote a healthy attitude toward employment so that more people in the labor force will launch their own businees.We will improve vocational education and training for the labor force and intensify pre-employment training for surplus labor transferred from rural areas.We will establish a unified, standardized labor market and a mechanism that ensures equal employment opportunities for both urban and rural residents.We will improve employment aistance to the needy and make it a priority to help zero-employment families to have job opportunities.We will do our best to help college graduates find jobs.We will regulate and coordinate labor relations, improve and implement government policies concerning rural migrant workers in cities, and protect the rights and interests of every worker in accordance with the law.3.Deepen reform of the income distribution system and increase the income of urban and rural residents.Equitable income distribution is an important indication of social equity.We will adhere to and improve the system whereby distribution according to work remains the predominant mode and coexists with various other modes.We will improve the distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have a rightful share according to their respective contribution.A proper balance will be struck between efficiency and equity in both primary distribution and redistribution, with particular emphasis on equity in

多劳动者成为创业者。健全面向全体劳动者的职业教育培训制度，加强农村富余劳动力转移就业培训。建立统一规范的人力资源市场，形成城乡劳动者平等就业的制度。完善面向所有困难群众的就业援助制度，及时帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难。积极做好高校毕业生就业工作。规范和协调劳动关系，完善和落实国家对农民工的政策，依法维护劳动者权益。

（三）深化收入分配制度改革，增加城乡居民收入。合理的收入分配制度是社会公平的重要体现。要坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，健全劳动、资本、技术、管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的制度，初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系，再分配更加注重公平。逐步提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。着力提高低收入者收入，逐步提高扶贫标准和最低工资标准，建立企业职工工资正常增长机制和支付保障机制。创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入。保护合法收入，调节过高收入，取缔非法收入。扩大转移支付，强化税收调节，打破经营垄断，创造机会公平，整顿分配秩序，逐步扭转收入分配差距扩大趋势。

（四）加快建立覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系，保障人民基本生活。社会保障是社会安定的重要保证。要以社会保险、社会救助、社会福利为基础，以基

十七大报告全文英汉对照 redistribution.We will gradually increase the share of personal income in the distribution of national income, and raise that of work remuneration in primary distribution.Vigorous efforts will be made to raise the income of low-income groups, gradually increase poverty-alleviation aid and the minimum wage, and set up a mechanism of regular pay increases for enterprise employees anda mechanism for guaranteeing payment of their salaries.Conditions will be created to enable more citizens to have property income.We will protect lawful incomes, regulate exceively high incomes and ban illegal gains.We will increase transfer payments, intensify the regulation of incomes through taxation, break busine monopolies, create equal opportunities, and overhaul income distribution practices with a view to gradually reversing the growing income disparity.4.Accelerate the establishment of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents and guarantee their basic living conditions.Social security is an important guarantee of social stability.We will step up the building of a sound social security system that is based on social insurance, aistance and welfare, with basic old-age pension, basic medical care and subsistence allowances as its backbone, and supplemented by charity and commercial insurance.We will promote reform of basic old-age insurance systems in enterprises, Party and government organs and public institutions and explore ways to set up an old-age insurance system in rural areas.We will promote the development of basic medical insurance systems for urban workers and residents and a new type of cooperative medical care system in rural areas.We will improve the system of subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and gradually increase such allowances.We will improve the systems of unemployment, workers\' compensation and maternity insurances.We will upgrade management of social security funds to higher-level authorities and work out unified methods fortransferring social security accounts nationwide.We will provide more social security funds through various means and strengthen their oversight and management to maintain and increase their value.We will improve

本养老、基本医疗、最低生活保障制度为重点，以慈善事业、商业保险为补充，加快完善社会保障体系。促进企业、机关、事业单位基本养老保险制度改革，探索建立农村养老保险制度。全面推进城镇职工基本医疗保险、城镇居民基本医疗保险、新型农村合作医疗制度建设。完善城乡居民最低生活保障制度，逐步提高保障水平。完善失业、工伤、生育保险制度。提高统筹层次，制定全国统一的社会保险关系转续办法。采取多种方式充实社会保障基金，加强基金监管，实现保值增值。健全社会救助体系。做好优抚安置工作。发扬人道主义精神，发展残疾人事业。加强老龄工作。强化防灾减灾工作。健全廉租住房制度，加快解决城市低收入家庭住房困难。

（五）建立基本医疗卫生制度，提高全民健康水平。健康是人全面发展的基础，关系千家万户幸福。要坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质，坚持预防为主、以农村为重点、中西医并重，实行政事分开、管办分开、医药分开、营利性和非营利性分开，强化政府责任和投入，完善国民健康政策，鼓励社会参与，建设覆盖城乡居民的公共卫生服务体系、医疗服务体系、医疗保障体系、药品供应保障体系，为群众提供安全、有效、方便、价廉的医疗卫生服务。完善重大疾病防控体系，提高突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力。加强农村三级卫生服务网络和城市社区卫生服务体系建设，深化公立医院改革。建立国家基本药物制度，保证群众基本用药。扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展。加强医德医风建

十七大报告全文英汉对照 social aistance.We will do a good job providing special aistance to families of martyrs and servicemen and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will promote programs for the disabled in a humanitarian spirit.We will develop more programs for the elderly.We will intensify our efforts in disaster prevention and reduction.We will improve the low-rent housing system and speed up resolution of the housing difficulties of low-income families in urban areas.5.Establish a basic medical and health care system and improve the health of the whole nation.Health provides the foundation for people\'s all-round development and has a direct bearing on the happine of each family.We must maintain the public welfare nature of public medical and health care services, always put disease prevention first, center on rural areas and attach equal importance to traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We will separate government administration from medical institutions, management from operation, medical care from pharmaceuticals, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will increase government responsibilities and spending, improve the national health policy, and encourage greater participation of nongovernmental sectors so as to develop systems of public health services, medical services, medical security and medicine supply to provide both urban and rural residents with safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health services.We will improve the system to prevent and control the outbreak of major diseases and enhance our capacity to respond to public health emergencies.We will improve the three-tier rural health care network spanning the county, township and village and the urban community-based health care system, and deepen reform of public hospitals.We will set up a national system for basic pharmaceuticals to ensure their supply.We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.We will work harder to improve the profeional ethics and style of work of health workers and the quality of medical services.We must ensure food and drug safety.We will adhere to the basic state

设，提高医疗服务质量。确保食品药品安全。坚持计划生育的基本国策，稳定低生育水平，提高出生人口素质。开展爱国卫生运动，发展妇幼卫生事业。

（六）完善社会管理，维护社会安定团结。社会稳定是人民群众的共同心愿，是改革发展的重要前提。要健全党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与的社会管理格局，健全基层社会管理体制。最大限度激发社会创造活力，最大限度增加和谐因素，最大限度减少不和谐因素。妥善处理人民内部矛盾，完善信访制度，健全党和政府主导的维护群众权益机制。重视社会组织建设和管理。加强流动人口服务和管理。坚持安全发展，强化安全生产管理和监督，有效遏制重特大安全事故。完善突发事件应急管理机制。健全社会治安防控体系，加强社会治安综合治理，深入开展平安创建活动，改革和加强城乡社区警务工作，依法防范和打击违法犯罪活动，保障人民生命财产安全。完善国家安全战略，健全国家安全体制，高度警惕和坚决防范各种分裂、渗透、颠覆活动，切实维护国家安全。

和谐社会要靠全社会共同建设。我们要紧紧依靠人民，调动一切积极因素，努力形成社会和谐人人有责、和谐社会人

十七大报告全文英汉对照 policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low and make the newborns healthier.We will launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and develop health care programs for women and children.6.Improve social management and safeguard social stability and unity.Social stability is the common aspiration of the people and an important prerequisite for reform and development.We need to improve the structure of social management comprising Party committee leadership, government responsibility, nongovernmental support and public participation, and improve the system of social management at the primary level.We will stimulate the creativity of society to the greatest extent, maximize factors conducive to harmony and minimize those detrimental to it.We will properly handle contradictions among the people, improve the system for handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public, and strengthen the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests of the people in which the Party and the government play the leading role.We will attach importance to the development and management of social organizations.We will improve services for and management of the floating population.We must ensure safe development by strengthening management and oversight of work safety and taking effective measures to prevent serious or exceptionally serious accidents.We will improve the mechanism of emergency management.We will improvethe crime prevention and control system, maintain law and order through comprehensive measures, launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security, reform and step up community policing in both urban and rural areas, and prevent and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people\'s lives and property.We will improve the strategy and mechanism for national security, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist, infiltrative and subversive activities in various forms to safeguard national security.It requires joint efforts of the whole society to build a harmonious society.We must therefore rely firmly on the people and mobilize all positive factors to create a lively situation in which everyone is duty-bound to

人共享的生动局面。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 work for and benefits from social harmony.IX.Opening Up New Prospects for Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces To strengthen national defense and the armed forces occupies an important place in the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Bearing in mind the overall strategic interests of national security and development, we must take both economic and national defense development into consideration and make our country prosperous and our armed forces powerful while building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.For the armed forces to fully carry out the historical miions aigned by the Party and the people at this new stage in the new century, we must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong\'s military thinking, Deng Xiaoping\'s thinking on building the armed forces in the new period and Jiang Zemin\'s thinking on building national defense and the armed forces, and take the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for strengthening national defense and the armed forces.We must implement the military strategy for the new period, accelerate the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics, ensure military preparedne, and enhance the military\'s capability to respond to various security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks.We are determined to safeguard China\'s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and help maintain world peace.To make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated endeavor, and balanced progre must be made in all the three aspects.We must always adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party exercising absolute leadership over the armed forces and the fundamental purpose of the armed forces serving the people.We will educate the military in its historical miions, ideals, beliefs, combat-ready spirit and the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and ensure that it carries forward its fine traditions of following the Party\'s orders, serving the people and fighting valiantly and skillfully.We must build strong armed

九、开创国防和军队现代化建设新局面

国防和军队建设，在中国特色社会主义事业总体布局中占有重要地位。必须站在国家安全和发展战略全局的高度，统筹经济建设和国防建设，在全面建设小康社会进程中实现富国和强军的统一。

全面履行党和人民赋予的新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，必须坚持以毛泽东军事思想、邓小平新时期军队建设思想、江泽民国防和军队建设思想为指导，把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，贯彻新时期军事战略方针，加快中国特色军事变革，做好军事斗争准备，提高军队应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事任务的能力，坚决维护国家主权、安全、领土完整，为维护世界和平贡献力量。

军队革命化、现代化、正规化建设是统一的整体，必须全面加强、协调推进。要始终坚持党对军队绝对领导的根本原则和人民军队的根本宗旨，深入进行军队历史使命、理想信念、战斗精神和社会主义荣辱观教育，大力弘扬听党指挥、服务人民、英勇善战的优良传统。坚持科技强军，按照建设信息化军队、打赢信息化战争的战略目标，加快机械化和信息化复合发展，积极开展信息化条件下军事训练，全面建设现代后勤，加紧培养大批高素质新型军事人才，切实转变战斗力生成模式。坚持依法治军、从严治军，完善军事法规，加强科学管理。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 forces through science and technology.To attain the strategic objective of building computerized armed forces and winning IT-based warfare, we will accelerate composite development of mechanization and computerization, carry out military training under IT-based conditions, modernize every aspect of logistics, intensify our efforts to train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers and change the mode of generating combat capabilities.We must run the armed forces in accordance with the law, enforce strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations and strengthen scientific management.In keeping with the new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China\'s development, we must promote innovation in military theory, technology, organization and management.We will adjust and reform the structure, staffing, policies and institutions of the armed forces to gradually develop a complete set of scientific modes of organization, institutions and ways of operation with Chinese characteristics and in conformity with the laws governing the development of modern armed forces.We will adjust and reform the systems of defense-related science, technology and industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, and enhance our capacity for independent innovation in R&D of weapons and equipment with better quality and cost-effectivene.We will establish sound systems of weapons and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and logistics that integrate military with civilian purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support, build the armed forces through diligence and thrift, and blaze a path of development with Chinese characteristics featuring military and civilian integration.We will enrich and develop military sciences by carefully studying the features and laws of building and running the armed forces and the strategies and tactics for people\'s war under the new historical conditions.We will raise the people\'s awarene of national defense, strengthen national defense mobilization by improving the mobilization system, and enhance the quality of the reserves and the militia.We will

适应世界军事发展新趋势和我国发展新要求，推进军事理论、军事技术、军事组织、军事管理创新。调整改革军队体制编制和政策制度，逐步形成一整套既有中国特色又符合现代军队建设规律的科学的组织模式、制度安排和运作方式。调整改革国防科技工业体制和武器装备采购体制，提高武器装备研制的自主创新能力和质量效益。建立和完善军民结合、寓军于民的武器装备科研生产体系、军队人才培养体系和军队保障体系，坚持勤俭建军，走出一条中国特色军民融合式发展路子。深入研究新的历史条件下建军治军特点规律和人民战争战略战术，繁荣和发展军事科学。

增强全民国防观念，完善国防动员体系，加强国防动员建设，提高预备役部队和民兵建设质量。加强人民武装警察部队建设，更好履行维护国家安全和社会稳定、保障人民安居乐业的职责使命。坚持拥军优属、拥政爱民，积极开展军民共建，巩固军政军民团结。各级党组织、政府和人民群众要一如既往支持国防和军队建设，军队要继续为经济社会发展作贡献。

十七大报告全文英汉对照 strengthen the People\'s Armed Police so that it can better fulfill its duties of safeguarding national security and social stability and ensuring that the people live and work in peace.We must ensure that the government and the people support the military and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs, and that the military supports the government and cherishes the people.We will energetically encourage the military and the people to work together to promote cultural and ethical progre, and consolidate the solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.Party organizations and governments at all levels and the general public will, as always, support efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces, and the military will continue to contribute to economic and social development.X.Carrying Forward the Practice of \"One Country, Two Systems\" and Advancing the Great Cause of Peaceful National Reunification Since the return of Hong Kong and Macao to the motherland, more and more experience has been gained in putting into practicethe principle of \"one country, two systems.\" The principle is perfectly correct and full of vigor.To realize China\'s peaceful reunification on this principle accords with the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.A major task the Party faces in running the country in the new circumstances is to ensure long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao.We will unswervingly implement the principle of \"one country, two systems,\" under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will render full support to the governments of the two regions in their administration in accordance with the law and in their efforts to promote economic growth, improve people\'s lives and advance democracy.We encourage people from all walks of life in Hong Kong and Macao to work with one accord to promote social amity under the banner of love for the motherland and devotion to their

十、推进“一国两制”实践和祖国和平统一大业

香港、澳门回归祖国以来，“一国两制”实践日益丰富。“一国两制”是完全正确的，具有强大生命力。按照“一国两制”实现祖国和平统一，符合中华民族根本利益。

保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定是党在新形势下治国理政面临的重大课题。我们将坚定不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照特别行政区基本法办事；全力支持特别行政区政府依法施政，着力发展经济、改善民生、推进民主；鼓励香港、澳门各界人士在爱国爱港、爱国爱澳旗帜下和衷共济，促进社会和睦；加强内地与香港、澳门交流合作，实现优势互补、共同发展；积极支持香港、澳门开展对外交往，坚决反对外部势力干预香港、澳门事务。香港同胞、澳门同胞完全有智慧有能力管理好、建设好香港、澳门，香港、澳门已经并将继续为国家现代化建设发挥重要作用，伟大祖国永远是香港、澳门繁荣稳定的坚强后

十七大报告全文英汉对照 respective regions.We will increase exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions so that they can draw on each other\'s strengths and develop side by side.We will actively support the two regions in their external exchanges and firmly oppose attempts by any external force to interfere in their affairs.Our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, without doubt, have the wisdom and ability to succefully administer and develop their regions.Both regions have played and will continue to play an important role in China\'s modernization drive, and the great motherland will always provide them with strong backing for their prosperity and stability.To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve complete national reunification is a common aspiration of all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.We will uphold the principle of \"peaceful reunification and one country, two systems\" and the eight-point proposal for developing the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and advancing the proce of peaceful national reunification in the present stage.We will never waver in our commitment to the one-China principle, never abandon our efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never change the policy of placing our hopes on the people in Taiwan and never compromise in our opposition to the seceionist activities aimed at \"Taiwan independence.\" With a firm grasp of the theme of peaceful development of cro-Straits relations, we will sincerely work for the well-being of our compatriots on both sides of the Straits and for peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and safeguard China\'s sovereignty and territorial integrity and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.Upholding the one-China principle constitutes the political basis for peaceful development of cro-Straits relations.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that they belong to one and the same China has never changed.China is the common homeland for the compatriots on both sides of the Straits, who have every reason to join hands to safeguard and develop this homeland.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations with any political party in Taiwan on any iue as long as it recognizes that both sides of the

盾。

解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是全体中华儿女的共同心愿。我们将遵循“和平统

一、一国两制”的方针和现阶段发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程的八项主张，坚持一个中国原则决不动摇，争取和平统一的努力决不放弃，贯彻寄希望于台湾人民的方针决不改变，反对“台独”分裂活动决不妥协，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展的主题，真诚为两岸同胞谋福祉、为台海地区谋和平，维护国家主权和领土完整，维护中华民族根本利益。

坚持一个中国原则，是两岸关系和平发展的政治基础。尽管两岸尚未统一，但大陆和台湾同属一个中国的事实从未改变。中国是两岸同胞的共同家园，两岸同胞理应携手维护好、建设好我们的共同家园。台湾任何政党，只要承认两岸同属一个中国，我们都愿意同他们交流对话、协商谈判，什么问题都可以谈。我们郑重呼吁，在一个中国原则的基础上，协商正式结束两岸敌对状态，达成和平协议，构建两岸关系和平发展框架，开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。

十三亿大陆同胞和两千三百万台湾同胞是血脉相连的命运共同体。凡是对台湾同胞有利的事情，凡是对维护台海和平有利的事情，凡是对促进祖国和平统一有利的事情，我们都会尽最大努力做

十七大报告全文英汉对照 Straits belong to one and the same China.Here we would like to make a solemn appeal: On the basis of the one-China principle, let us discu a formal end to the state of hostility between the two sides, reach a peace agreement, construct a framework for peaceful development of cro-Straits relations, and thus usher in a new phase of peaceful development.The 1.3 billion people on the mainland and the 23 million people in Taiwan are of the same blood and share a common destiny.We will make every effort to achieve anything that serves the interests of our Taiwan compatriots, contributes to the maintenance of peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and facilitates peaceful national reunification.We understand, trust and care about our compatriots in Taiwan, and we will, therefore, continue to implement and enrich the policies and measures that benefit them, protect their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law, and support economic development on the west shore of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.The compatriots on both sides of the Straits need to increase contacts, strengthen economic and cultural exchanges in more areas and at higher levels and push for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade, so that they will develop greater empathy and closer cooperation and work together for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.At present, the forces for \"Taiwan independence\" are stepping up their seceionist activities, seriously jeopardizing the peaceful development of cro-Straits relations.The compatriots on both sides need to work together to oppose and contain such activities.China\'s sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no division, and any matter in this regard must be decided by the entire Chinese people including our Taiwan compatriots.We are willing to make every effort with the utmost sincerity to achieve peaceful reunification of the two sides, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any name or by any means.The two sides of the Straits are bound to be reunified in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With close solidarity and concerted efforts of all

好。我们理解、信赖、关心台湾同胞，将继续实施和充实惠及广大台湾同胞的政策措施，依法保护台湾同胞的正当权益，支持海峡西岸和其他台商投资相对集中地区经济发展。两岸同胞要加强交往，加强经济文化交流，继续拓展领域、提高层次，推动直接“三通”，使彼此感情更融洽、合作更深化，为实现中华民族伟大复兴而共同努力。

当前，“台独”分裂势力加紧进行分裂活动，严重危害两岸关系和平发展。两岸同胞要共同反对和遏制“台独”分裂活动。中国主权和领土完整不容分割。任何涉及中国主权和领土完整的问题，必须由包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民共同决定。我们愿以最大诚意、尽最大努力实现两岸和平统一，绝不允许任何人以任何名义任何方式把台湾从祖国分割出去。

两岸统一是中华民族走向伟大复兴的历史必然。海内外中华儿女紧密团结、共同奋斗，祖国完全统一就一定能够实现。

十七大报告全文英汉对照

第13篇：温总理政府工作报告中英文对照版

communicable diseases are now treated free of charge.国家安排资金改造和新建1.88万所乡镇卫生院、786所县医院、285所县中医医院和534所县妇幼保健医院，为1.17万个乡镇卫生院配置了医疗设备，农村医疗卫生条件明显改善。The state allocated funds to renovate or build 18,800 town and township health clinics, 786 county hospitals, 285 county traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and 534 county health centers for women and children, and equip 11,700 town and township health clinics with medical equipment, significantly improving conditions for providing medical and health care services in the countryside.全国建立了2.4万多个社区卫生服务机构，新型的城市医疗卫生服务体系进一步健全。

More than 24,000 community health clinics were set up in China, further improving the new system of medical and health care services in urban areas.人口和计划生育事业取得新进展，低生育水平继续保持稳定。 Further progre was made in carrying out population and family planning programs, and the birthrate remained stable at a low level.人民健康水平不断提高，婴儿死亡率和孕产妇的死亡率明显下降，2005年人均期望寿命达到73岁，对于我们这样一个有13亿人口的发展中国家是了不起的成就。 People\'\'s health continued to improve, infant and maternal mortality rates dropped significantly, and average life expectancy reached 73 years in 2005.These are momentous achievements for China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion.在就业方面。坚持实施和完善积极的就业政策，从财税、金融等方面加大支持力度，中央财政安排就业补助资金五年累计666亿元。Employment.The government continued to follow and improve the policy that strongly promotes employment and to adopt fiscal, taxation and financial measures to increase employment.Expenditures for employment programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies totaled 66.6 billion yuan over the five-year period. 城乡公共就业服务体系建设进一步加强。Urban and rural systems for providing public employment services were further strengthened.统筹做好就业再就业工作，全面加强职业技能培训，平均每年城镇新增就业1000多万人、农村劳动力转移就业800万人。Efforts were intensified to increase employment and reemployment in a well-planned way, and training in vocational skills was comprehensively strengthened.As a result, more than ten million urban people got jobs and eight million rural workers found work in nonagricultural sectors per year on average.基本解决国有企业下岗职工再就业的问题，完成下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险的并轨。The problem of finding other employment opportunities for workers laid off from SOEs was basically solved, and the work of incorporating basic cost of living allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system was completed. 在劳动力总量增加较多、就业压力很大的情况下，保持了就业形势的基本稳定。

The employment situation remained basically stable despite a large increase in the total workforce and great preure on employment. 在社会保障方面。全国财政用于社会保障的支出五年累计1.95万亿元，比前五年增长了1.41倍。城镇职工基本养老保险制度不断完善，2007年参保人数突破了两亿人，比2002年增加了5400多万人；做实基本养老保险个人账户试点扩大到11个省份；从2005年开始连续三年提高企业退休人员基本养老标准。中央财政五年累计补助养老保险专项资金3295亿元。 Social safety net.Governments at all levels spent a total of 1.95 trillion yuan on building up the social safety net over the five-year period, a 141% increase compared to the previous five-year period.Continued improvement was made in the basic old-age insurance system for urban workers, with the number of participating workers exceeding 200 million in 2007, an increase of more than 54 million compared to 2002.Trials to fully fund personal accounts for basic old-age insurance were expanded to 11 province-level administrative units.Basic pensions for enterprise retirees were raised three years in a row beginning in 2005.A total of 329.5 billion yuan was

1 allocated for old-age insurance programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies over the last five years

2007年城镇职工基本医疗保险参保人数达到1.8亿人，比2002年增加近1倍；88个城市启动了城镇居民基本医疗保险的试点；新型农村合作医疗制度不断完善，已经扩大到全国86%的县，参合农民达到了7.3亿人。The number of urban workers participating in basic medical insurance reached 180 million in 2007, nearly twice the number in 2002.The trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents was launched in 88 cities.Continued improvement was made in the new system of rural cooperative medical care, which now covers 86% of all counties and 730 million rural residents in China.全国社会保障基金累计4140亿元，比2002年增加了2898亿元。城乡社会救助体系基本建立。城市居民最低生活保障制度不断完善，保障标准和补助水平逐步提高。 .Funds to support the national social safety net totaled 414 billion yuan, an increase of 289.8 billion yuan over 2002.Establishment of the urban and rural emergency aid system was basically completed.The system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents was improved, with gradually rising standards and allowances. 2007年在全国农村全面建立最低生活保障制度，3451.9万农村居民纳入了保障的范围。

A system of basic cost of living allowances was established in all rural areas of China in 2007, covering 34.519 million rural residents. 这是保障城乡困难群众基本生活的一项根本性的制度建设。The systems provide a fundamental institution to aist poor people in urban and rural areas to meet basic living expenses. 社会福利、优抚安置、慈善和残疾人事业取得新进展。Further progre was made in developing social welfare, providing special aistance to entitled groups and developing charity programs and programs to help people with physical and mental disabilities.

抗灾救灾工作全面加强，中央财政五年支出551亿元，受灾群众生产生活得到妥善安排。Efforts to combat disasters and provide disaster relief were greatly strengthened, with total expenditures from the central government budget reaching 55.1 billion yuan for the five-year period.This helped restore normal working and living conditions for disaster victims.在文化和体育方面。全国财政用于文化体育事业支出五年累计3104亿元，比前五年增长1.3倍。Culture and sports.Government expenditures for culture and sports programs totaled 310.4 billion yuan for the five-year period, a 130% increase over the previous five-year period.

县乡两级公共文化服务体系初步形成，基本实现了县县有图书馆、文化馆。The basic elements of a public cultural services system at the county and township levels were put in place, and basically every county now has a library and cultural center. 全国文化信息资源共享工程、广播电视村村通工程等基层文化设施建设扎实推进。哲学社会科学和新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术进一步繁荣。

Substantive progre was made in setting up local cultural facilities such as the projects to set up a national shared databank of cultural information and resources and extend radio and television coverage to all villages.Philosophy, the social sciences, the pre and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art thrived. 文物和非物质文化遗产保护得到加强。对外文化交流更加活跃。

Protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage was strengthened.Cultural exchanges with other countries were intensified.

城乡公共体育设施建设加快，群众性体育蓬勃发展，体育健儿在国际大赛中取得优异成绩。 Development of public sports facilities in urban and rural areas was accelerated, ma sports activities developed vigorously, and Chinese athletes did well in international competitions.

在居民收入和消费方面。努力增加城乡居民特别是低收入居民收入。Personal income and consumer spending.Vigorous efforts were made to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents, especially low-income persons.

调高最低工资标准；基本解决拖欠农民工工资的问题；四次提高重点优抚对象的抚恤补助标准，统筹解决退役军人实际的困难。The minimum 2 wage was increased.The problem of arrears in the wages of rural migrant workers in urban areas was basically resolved.The standards for financial aid to key entitled groups were increased four times, and plans were implemented to resolve the practical problems of demobilized military personnel.降低居民储蓄存款利息税率，提高个人所得税起征点。The tax on interest earnings from individual savings deposits was lowered and the earnings threshold for the individual income tax was raised.

家庭财产普遍增多。There was a general increase in family aets. 居民消费结构升级加快，家用汽车大幅度增加，移动电话、计算机、互联网快速普及，旅游人数成倍增长。Upgrading of consumer spending proceeded at a faster pace, and there was a great increase in the number of family-owned cars and rapid spread in the use of cell phones, computers and Internet services.The number of people going on vacations increased several fold.

住房条件进一步改善，棚户区的改造取得积极进展。城乡居民享有的公共服务明显增多。 There was further improvement in housing conditions, encouraging progre was made in improving conditions in shantytowns, and much more public services were made available to urban and rural residents. 在社会管理方面。着力维护人民群众合法权益，积极化解社会矛盾。Public administration.Work in this area was concentrated on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people and resolving social tensions.

制定并实施保障农民工合法权益的政策措施。We formulated and implemented policies and measures for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of rural migrant workers in urban areas.努力解决土地征收征用、房屋拆迁、企业改制、环境保护等方面损害群众利益的问题。We devoted a great deal of effort to resolving infringements on the interests of the public related to land expropriation and requisition, housing demolition, enterprises converting to a stockholding system and environmental protection.

信访工作不断加强。 Improvement was made in the handling of complaints made by individuals through letters and visits. 高度重视安全生产工作，健全安全监管体制，落实安全生产责任制，加强安全生产法制建设。We paid very close attention to improving workplace safety and the safety oversight system, instituted a responsibility system for workplace safety and improved related legislation.

社会治安防控体系更加健全，综合治理工作进一步加强。依法打击各类犯罪活动，有效维护了国家安全和社会稳定。The public security system for crime prevention and control was further strengthened, and overall crime control work was intensified.We combated criminal activities in accordance with the law, effectively protected China\'\'s security and maintained law and order.在经济快速发展和财力明显增加的情况下，用很大力量解决了一些长期遗留的历史问题。Taking advantage of the rapid development of the economy and significant improvement of public finance, we worked hard to resolve some longstanding problems. 剥离和处置国有商业银行不良资产，置换农村信用社不良贷款和历年亏损挂帐，化解国有企业历史债务，逐步解决国有粮食企业政策性亏损挂账，还清出口退税欠款，完善大中型水库征地补偿和移民后期扶持政策等。

We sold off nonperforming aets of state-owned commercial banks, made alternate arrangements for nonperforming loans and long-term non-paying accounts of rural credit cooperatives, eased the long-term debts of SOEs, gradually eased policy-related loes of state-owned grain enterprises, cleared up overdue tax rebates for exports, and improved the policy for paying compensation for requisition of land for large and medium-sized reservoirs and aisting people displaced by reservoir projects. 这些问题的解决对于经济社会发展起到了重要作用。Resolution of these problems played an important role in promoting economic and social development.

五年来，我们在民主法制建设、国防和军队建设、港澳台工作和外交等方面，也取得了重要进展。We made major progre over the past five years in enhancing democracy and the legal system, building national defense and the

3 military, doing our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and conducting diplomacy.稳步推进社会主义民主法制建设。We made steady progre in improving socialist democracy and the socialist legal system.

各级政府自觉接受同级人民代表大会及其常委会的监督，主动接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取民主党派、工商联、无党派人士、人民团体的意见，通过多种形式征求专家学者和人民群众的建议，接受新闻媒体和社会各界的监督。Governments at all levels conscientiously accepted the oversight of the people\'s congre and its standing committee at the corresponding level; voluntarily accepted the democratic oversight by CPPCC committees; carefully listened to the views of the democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, persons without party affiliation and people\'s organizations; solicited suggestions of experts, scholars and the general public in a variety of forms; and accepted the oversight of the media and all sectors of society. 实行重大事项决策公示和听证制度。

Governments at all levels made public announcements and held public hearings before making major decisions.加强城乡基层自治组织建设，基层民主管理制度进一步健全。We stepped up efforts to develop autonomy in urban community and village administrative bodies and further improved the democratic system at the local level. 五年国务院共向全国人大常委会提交39件法律议案，制定、修订137件行政法规。During the past five years the State Council submitted 39 bills to the Standing Committee of the National People\'s Congre and formulated or revised 137 administrative regulations.

探索建立公众有序参与政府立法的机制和制度，有15部法律草案和行政法规草案向社会公开征求意见。We explored ways to set up mechanisms and systems for orderly public participation in government legislation and published 15 draft laws and drafts of administrative regulations to solicit comments from the public.全面清理了现行的行政法规和规章。We carried out a thorough review of current administrative rules and regulations. 贯彻民族区域自治法，推进民族团结进步事业。We adhered to the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and carried forward the programs to promote unity and progre among ethnic groups.全面落实宗教信仰自由政策，宗教事务管理走向法制化、规范化。The policy on freedom of religious belief was comprehensively implemented, and the administration of religious affairs was put on a more solid legal footing and further standardized.

全面落实侨务政策，依法保护海外侨胞和归侨眷属的合法权益。We comprehensively implemented the policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and protected the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese nationals and their relatives. 全面加强军队现代化建设。We stepped up all efforts to modernize the military. 积极推进中国特色军事变革。We vigorously preed ahead with the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.

调整改革军队体制编制和政策制度，裁减军队员额20万的任务顺利完成。We adjusted and reformed the military\'s structure and staffing and its related policies and systems and smoothly cut its size by 200,000 personnel. 国防和军队建设取得历史性成就。We made historic achievements in strengthening national defense and the military. 人民解放军和人民武装警察部队为维护国家主权、安全、领土完整和促进社会和谐稳定作出了重大贡献。The People\'s Liberation Army and the People\'s Armed Police Force made major contributions to safeguarding China\'s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and to promoting social harmony and stability.坚持“一国两制”方针，严格按照香港特别行政区基本法和澳门特别行政区基本法办事。We adhered to the principle of “one country, two systems” and acted in strict accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region.实施内地与香港、澳门建立更紧密经贸关系安排。We implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and the regions

4 of Hong Kong and Macao.

香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定。Both regions remained thriving and stable.坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂活动，捍卫国家主权与领土完整，维护台海和平。We resolutely opposed and foiled seceionist activities aimed at Taiwan independence, thereby protecting China\'s sovereignty and territorial integrity and safeguarding peace in the Taiwan Straits.

实施一系列有利于人员往来和经济科技教育文化体育交流的措施，促进了两岸关系和平稳定发展。We carried out a number of measures to make it easier for people to visit between the two sides and for economic, scientific, educational, cultural and sports exchanges to take place in order to promote the peaceful and steady development of cro-Straits relations.

积极开展对外交往与合作，全方位外交取得重大进展，坚定地维护和发展了国家利益。We actively promoted exchange and cooperation with other countries, made major progre in conducting diplomacy on all fronts, and resolutely safeguarded and developed China\'s interests.我国同主要大国加强了对话，增进了信任，扩大了合作。China stepped up dialogue with the major countries and increased trust and expanded cooperation with them.

中美关系稳定发展，中俄战略协作伙伴关系提高到新水平，中欧全面合作日益深化，中日关系得到改善，同周边国家睦邻友好关系进一步加强，区域合作取得新成果，同发展中国家的团结合作开创了新局面。China-US relations developed steadily, the China-Ruia partnership of strategic coordination reached a new height, China-Europe cooperation in all areas went from strength to strength, and China-Japan relations improved.Good-neighborly relations with surrounding countries were further strengthened, further achievements were made in regional cooperation, and China\'s solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries entered a new stage. 成功举办一系列重大多边外交活动。We succefully carried out a series of major multilateral diplomatic activities.

妥善应对国际上各种新挑战，积极负责地参与解决全球性的问题，在解决国际和地区热点问题上发挥着重要的建设性作用。We appropriately responded to new challenges in the international arena, actively and responsibly participated in efforts to resolve global iues, and played an important and constructive role in the resolution of iues concerning international and regional hotspots.

五年来，我们始终重视政府自身改革和建设。We paid close attention to self-reform and self-improvement of the government during the five-year period. 本届政府把实行科学民主决策、推进依法行政、加强行政监督作为政府工作的三项基本准则。This government took scientific and democratic policy-making, law-based administration and better administrative oversight as the three basic principles for its work.We formulated the Program for Advancing All Aspects of Government

制定全面推进依法行政实施纲要，推动政府职能转变和管理创新，强化了社会管理和公共服务。Administration in Accordance with the Law and promoted change in the way the government functions and innovations in management, thereby improving public administration and public services. 认真贯彻实施行政许可法，推进行政审批制度改革，国务院各部门取消和调整行政审批项目692项。We diligently carried out the Administrative Permit Law and promoted reform of the system of administrative examination and approval.As a result, departments of the State Council eliminated or streamlined a total of 692 items requiring examination and approval.

推进政务公开，完善新闻发布制度，加强电子政务建设。We promoted greater openne in government affairs, improved the system for releasing information, and increased the application of e-government. 全国应急管理体系基本建立。监察、审计等专门监督工作卓有成效。Establishment of a national emergency response management system was basically completed.Oversight work such as supervision and auditing was quite effective. 公务员教育培训和管理法制化进一步加强。Further improvement was made in education and training of civil servants and in developing a legislative framework for

5 civil-service administration.

坚持不懈地开展反腐败斗争和加强政风建设，治理商业贿赂工作取得良好成效，依法查出违法违规案件和失职渎职的行为，惩处腐败分子。We worked unceasingly to combat corruption and improve the conduct of the government, made good progre in combating bribery in busine, uncovered a number of violations of laws and regulations and cases of neglect and dereliction of duty, and punished corrupt persons. 去五年，我们在丰富实践中积累了许多宝贵经验，主要体会是： We learned many valuable leons in our experiences over the last five years.The main ones are as follows.第一，必须坚持解放思想。解放思想、实事求是是我们党的思想路线。First, we must continue to liberate our thinking.Liberating our thinking and following a realistic and pragmatic approach is the Party\'s ideological line.

只有坚持一切从实际出发，破除迷信，敢于冲破不合时宜的观念束缚，尊重群众首创精神，大胆探索、实践和创造，与时俱进，才能使社会社会主义现代化事业充满生机和活力。We must proceed from reality in everything we do, eliminate superstition, break the shackles of outdated ideas, respect the people\'s pioneering spirit, boldly explore new ways, take concrete action, be creative, and keep up with the times to ensure that the cause of socialist modernization retains its great vitality.

第二，必须坚持落实科学发展观。Second, we must steadfastly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development. 科学发展观是发展中国特色社会主义重大战略思想，是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针。This is a major strategic concept for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guiding principle for China\'s economic and social development.我们要坚持把发展作为第一要务，着力转变经济发展方式，调整经济结构，提高经济增长质量和效益；坚持以人为本，注重统筹兼顾，推动全面协调可持续发展。只有深入贯彻落实科学发展观，才能实现经济社会又好又快发展，促进社会和谐。We must continue to take development as the top priority, concentrate on changing the way the economy develops, and adjust the economic structure to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth.We must always put people first, attach great importance to overall planning, and promote comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.Only by thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development can we achieve sound and rapid economic and social development and promote social harmony.第三，必须坚持改革开放。hird, we must adhere to the reform and opening up policy. 改革开放是决定当代中国命运重大而关键的抉择。Reform and opening up is a major and crucial choice that is shaping the destiny of contemporary China. 我们要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革、政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主政治，完善社会主义市场经济体制，解放和发展生产力，促进社会公平正义，实现人的全面发展。开放也是改革，开放兼容才能强国。We need to unswervingly promote reform in economic and political institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist market economy, liberate and develop the productive forces, promote social fairne and justice, and achieve all-round personal development.Opening up is also a kind of reform, and a nation cannot become strong if it is not open and inclusive.

改革开放贯穿于社会主义现代化建设的整个过程，任何时候都不能动摇。We must continue to pursue reform and opening up throughout the course of socialist modernization and never deviate from this policy.第四，必须坚持搞好宏观调控。Fourth, we must continue to exercise effective macroeconomic regulation. 宏观调控与市场机制都是社会主义市场经济体制的组成部分。Both macroeconomic regulation and market forces are components of the socialist market economy.

我们要更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，增强企业活力和竞争力。We need to make better use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, revitalize enterprises and improve their competitive edge.

同时，要加强和改善宏观调控，坚持主要运

6 用经济手段、法律手段，发挥各种政策的组合效应；坚持区别对待、有保有压，不搞一刀切，不搞急刹车；坚持不断总结经验，及时调整政策，注重实际效果。只有把市场机制和宏观调控有机结合起来，才能保证整个经济充满活力、富有效率、持续健康协调发展。 At the same time, we need to improve macroeconomic regulation, continue to carry out macroeconomic regulation mainly through economic and legal means, and get the complete range of government policies to fully play their role.We must continue to deal with each situation on its own merits, encourage growth in some sectors and discourage it in others as the situation requires, and refrain from taking a uniform approach to different situations or putting on the brakes without good reason.We must continue to draw leons from our experiences, make policy adjustments as needed and be result-oriented.We must integrate the use of market forces with macroeconomic regulation in order to ensure that the economy remains vigorous, performs well, and develops in a sustainable, healthy and balanced way.

第五，必须坚持执政为民。Fifth, we must continue to run the government for the people.

政府的一切权力都是人民赋予的，执政为民是各级政府的崇高使命。All the power of the government comes from the people, and running the government for them is a lofty miion of governments at all levels.

我们要牢记全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益，作为政府工作的出发点和落脚点。We must never forget that serving the people wholeheartedly is our purpose, and make sure that the aim and outcome of the work of the government is to fulfill, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people.

更加注重保障和改善民生，特别要关心和解决城乡低收入群众的生活困难，使全体人民共享改革发展成果。We need to attach greater importance to ensuring the wellbeing of the people and improving their lives, in particular showing concern for urban and rural residents with low incomes and helping them make ends meet in their daily lives, in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.

只有坚持一切属于人民，一切为了人民，一切依靠人民，一切归功于人民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛、最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。We must always keep in mind that everything belongs to the people, do everything for their benefit, rely on them in everything we do and attribute all our succees to their efforts.Only by doing so can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw from them the strength for ensuring succe in all our endeavors.

第六，必须坚持依法行政。Sixth, we must continue to run the government in accordance with the law. 遵守宪法和法律是政府一切工作的根本原则。Abiding by the Constitution and laws is a fundamental principle for all the work of the government.

我们要严格按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责，加强政府立法，规范行政执法，完善行政监督，建设法治政府，不断提高依法行政能力。We need to exercise our power and perform our functions and responsibilities within the jurisdiction stipulated by law and in accordance with legal procedures, improve government legislative work, standardize administrative law enforcement, improve administrative oversight, develop law-based government and enhance our ability to carry out administrative functions in accordance with the law.

只有全面推行依法行政，努力做到有权必有责、用权受监督、侵权要赔偿、违法要追究，让权力在阳光下运行，才能保证人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋利益。

We must ensure that government administration fully complies with the law, that power comes with responsibility, that there is proper oversight on the exercise of power, that reparation is paid for infringement of rights, that any violation of the law is prosecuted, and that power is exercised in a transparent manner.This is the only way to ensure that the power entrusted to us by the people is always exercised in their interests.我们也清醒地认识到，经济社会发展和政府工作还存在不少问题，国内外

7 形势发展的变化使我们面临诸多新的挑战和风险。We are also clearly aware that there are still many problems affecting China\'s economic and social development and the work of the government, and that changes in the domestic and international environment present many new challenges and risks.

——经济运行中一些突出问题和深层次矛盾依然存在。– There are still some prominent iues and deep-rooted problems affecting economic performance.

近年来固定资产投资增长过快，货币信贷投放过多，国际收支不平衡。China has experienced overheated growth in fixed aet investment, exceive supplies of money and credit, and imbalance in its international payments in recent years.

长期形成的结构性矛盾和增长方式粗放的问题仍然突出。Longstanding structural problems and the extensive pattern of growth remain serious problems.

投资与消费关系不协调，投资率持续偏高；一二三产业发展不协调，工业特别是重工业比重偏大，服务业比重偏低；自主创新能力不强，经济增长的资源环境代价过大。农业基础仍然薄弱，农业稳定发展和农民持续增收的难度加大，城乡、区域发展差距扩大的趋势尚未扭转。特别是影响经济发展的体制机制障碍还相当突出，改革攻坚任务繁重。There is a lack of balance between investment and consumption, with the investment rate still running too high.Development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is not in balance, with too much investment in primary industry, particularly heavy industry, but too little investment in the service industry.China\'s capacity for independent innovation is still weak and the price paid for economic growth in terms of resource consumption and environmental preure is too great.Agriculture, the foundation of the economy, remains weak.The difficulty of maintaining steady agricultural development and keeping the incomes of farmers increasing has grown, and the growing development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions has not been checked.In particular, the institutional factors hindering economic development remain serious, making institutional reform a daunting task.

——涉及群众切身利益的问题有待进一步解决。– More work needs to be done to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.

当前物价上涨、通货膨胀压力加大，是广大群众最为关注的问题。The current price hikes and increasing inflationary preures are the biggest concern of the people.

去年居民消费价格总水平比上年上涨4.8%，主要食品和居住类价格涨幅较大。Last year\'s consumer price index (CPI) rose by 4.8% year-on-year, mainly due to large increases in the cost of food and housing. 物价上涨有多方面的因素：国内农产品价格多年在低位运行，近期的价格上涨有其必然性和一定的合理因素，但对群众特别是低收入群众生活影响较大；近年来国际市场初级产品价格大幅上升，也直接影响国内价格上涨。由于推动价格上涨的因素还将存在，今年价格上涨的压力仍然较大。There are a variety of factors behind the price increases.Though the domestic prices of farm products have remained low for many years and some of the recent price increases were therefore overdue and somewhat reasonable, price increases neverthele have a great impact on people\'s lives, especially on the lives of the low-income sector of the population.The prices of primary commodities on the international market have risen considerably in recent years, which directly puts upward preure on domestic prices.Because factors driving prices up are still at work, upward preure on prices will remain great this year.

同时，生产资料价格不断上升，房地产等资产价格上涨过快，防止通货膨胀的任务相当艰巨。劳动就业、社会保障、教育、医疗卫生、收入分配、住房、产品质量安全、安全生产、社会治安等方面还有不少问题需要认真加以解决。In addition, prices of the means of production have continued to rise and real estate prices have risen steeply, making the task of holding down inflation difficult.There are still quite a few problems in employment, the social safety net, education, medical and health care, income distribution, housing, product quality and safety, workplace safety and public

8 security, and we need to work harder to resolve them.——国际经济环境变化不确定因素和潜在风险增加。– Both uncertainties in the international economic environment and potential risks have increased. 随着经济全球化深入发展，我国经济与世界经济联系越来越密切。As economic globalization proceeds, the Chinese economy becomes increasingly tied to the world economy. 当前全球经济失衡加剧、增速放缓，国际竞争更加激烈；美国次级抵押贷款危机影响蔓延，美元持续贬值，国际金融市场风险增大；国际市场粮食价格上涨，石油等初级产品价格高位运行；贸易保护主义加剧，贸易摩擦增多。The current imbalance in the global economy is only getting worse and global economic growth is slowing, making international competition even fiercer.The impact of the US sub-prime mortgage crisis is expanding, the value of the dollar is continuing to fall, and there is greater risk in international financial markets.Grain prices are rising and prices for petroleum and other primary products remain high in the international market.Trade protectionism has gotten worse, and trade frictions have increased. 国际上一些政治因素对世界经济走势影响也不容忽视。这些都可能对我国经济发展带来不利影响。The effect of certain political factors in the international arena on world economic trends cannot be overlooked.All this could adversely affect China\'s economic development.

我国正处在改革发展的关键时期，必须充分做好应对国际环境变化的各种准备，提高防范风险的能力。 China is now in a critical period in its reform and development, and we must be fully prepared for changes in the international environment and become better able to defuse risks.

——政府自身建设和管理需要加强。– The government\'s self-improvement efforts and administration need to be strengthened.

我们深深感到，政府工作与形势的要求和人民的期望还有不小的差距。We are keenly aware that the work and accomplishments of the government still fall somewhat short of what circumstances require and the people expect.

政府职能转变还不到位，社会管理和公共服务比较薄弱；一些部门职责交叉、权责脱节，相互推诿，办事效率低下；一些政府工作人员服务意识不强，素质不高；对权力的监督和约束机制不健全，形式主义、官僚主义问题比较突出，弄虚作假、奢侈浪费和腐败现象比较严重。The functions of government have not been completely transformed, and public administration and public services are still weak.Some government departments have overlapping responsibilities, their powers and responsibilities are not well matched, some try to shirk their responsibilities, and their performance is poor.Some government employees have an inadequate sense of responsibility toward the public and are not competent enough.Oversight mechanisms and checks on government authority are not strong enough.The problems of formalism and bureaucratic behavior are fairly common, and fraud, extravagance and waste, and corruption are quite serious.我们一定要始终保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识，以对国家、对人民高度负责的使命感和紧迫感，更加兢兢业业、扎扎实实地做好政府各项工作。 We must remain clear-headed at all times, be more mindful of potential danger, be highly responsible to the country and the people, maintain a high sense of miion and urgency, work even more industriously, and succefully carry out all of the government\'s work.

各位代表！Fellow Deputies,

过去五年的成就和进步，来之不易。The achievements of the past five years have not come easily. 这是在改革开放多年来奠定的基础上取得的，是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央驾驭全局、正确领导的结果，是全国各族人民奋发进取、共同努力的结果，也是与广大海外侨胞、国际友人的支持和帮助分不开的。在战胜种种严重困难和挑战、完成各项重大任务中，充分表现了中国人民不畏艰险、一往无前的决心、勇气和意志。They were built on a foundation laid through many years of reform and opening up, and are attributable to the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, which has effectively managed the overall situation.

9 Credit also goes to the hard work and concerted effort of the people of all the ethnic groups in China, and to the support and aistance of overseas Chinese nationals and foreign friends.Displaying indomitable determination, courage and will, the Chinese people have overcome untold difficulties and challenges and accomplished major tasks.我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！ On behalf of the State Council, I would like to sincerely thank the people of all the ethnic groups, the democratic parties, the people\'s organizations and people from all sectors of society.向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾台胞，以及广大侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！ I would like to expre my sincere thanks to our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese nationals.向世界各国政府、国际组织和国际友人对中国现代化事业的理解和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！I would like to thank governments of other countries, international organizations and foreign friends of China around the world for their understanding of and support for China\'s modernization.

第14篇：温家宝总理政府工作报告中英文对照

温总理2013年两会政府工作报告（双语文本） Source: 互联网 2013-03-05

一、过去五年工作回顾

I.Review of Work in the Past Five Years

第十一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议以来的五年，是我国发展进程中极不平凡的五年。

The past five years since the First Seion of the Eleventh National People\'s Congre were a truly extraordinary period of time in the course of China\'s development.

我们有效应对国际金融危机的严重冲击，保持经济平稳较快发展。

We effectively countered the severe impact of the global financial crisis and maintained steady and fast economic development.

国内生产总值从26.6万亿元增加到51.9万亿元，跃升到世界第二位；

China\'s GDP increased from 26.6 trillion yuan to 51.9 trillion yuan, and now ranks second in the world.

公共财政收入从5.1万亿元增加到11.7万亿元；

Government revenue went up from 5.1 trillion yuan to 11.7 trillion yuan.

累计新增城镇就业5870万人，

A total of 58.7 million urban jobs were created.

城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入年均分别增长8.8%、9.9%； The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by an annual average of 8.8%, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.9%.

粮食产量实现“九连增”；

Grain output increased for the ninth consecutive year in 2012.

重要领域改革取得新进展，开放型经济达到新水平；

Progre was made in key areas of reform; and the open economy reached a new stage of development.

创新型国家建设取得新成就，载人航天、探月工程、载人深潜、北斗卫星导航系统、超级计算机、高速铁路等实现重大突破，第一艘航母“辽宁舰”入列；

We made China more innovative.Breakthroughs were made in developing manned spaceflight and the lunar exploration program, building a manned deep-sea submersible, launching the Beidou Navigation Satellite System, developing supercomputers and building high-speed railways.China\'s first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, was commiioned.

成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会和上海世博会；

We succefully hosted the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and the XIII Paralympic Games in Beijing and the World Expo in Shanghai.

夺取抗击汶川特大地震、玉树强烈地震、舟曲特大山洪泥石流等严重自然灾害和灾后恢复重建重大胜利。

We succefully mitigated the impact of the maive Wenchuan earthquake, the strong Yushu earthquake, the huge Zhugqu mudslide and other natural disasters and carried out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.

我国社会生产力和综合国力显著提高，人民生活水平和社会保障水平显著提高，国际地位和国际影响力显著提高。

China\'s productive forces and overall national strength, its living standards and social security, and its international status and influence all improved significantly.

我们圆满完成“十一五”规划，顺利实施“十二五”规划。

We succefully completed the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and got off to a good start in implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.

社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设取得重大进展，谱写了中国特色社会主义事业新篇章。

We made significant socialist economic, political, cnltural, social, and ecological progre, and wrote a new chapter in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

五年来的主要工作及特点： The following are the main work we accomplished over the past five years and its main features:

一是有效应对国际金融危机，促进经济平稳较快发展。

I.Effectively responding to the globalfinancial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development

过去五年，我们是在持续应对国际金融危机严重冲击中走过来的。这场危机来势之猛、扩散之快、影响之深，百年罕见。

In the past five years, we averted the grievous consequences of the global financial crisis, whose abruptne, rapid spread and profound impact were rarely seen in the past century.

我们沉着应对，及时果断调整宏观调控着力点，出台进一步扩大内需、促进经济平稳较快增长的十项措施，全面实施一揽子计划。

We responded to the crisis calmly, made timely and decisive adjustments to the focus of macro-control, adopted ten measures to increase domestic demand and promote steady and rapid economic growth, and implemented a comprehensive package plan.

两年新增4万亿元投资，其中中央财政投资1.26万亿元，主要用于保障性安居工程、农村民生工程、基础设施、社会事业、生态环保、自主创新等方面建设和灾后恢复重建。

In a two-year period, an additional four trillion yuan of government investment was made, with 1.26 trillion yuan from the central government, mainly for building government-subsidized housing, improving rural people\'s well-being, building infrastructure, developing social programs, improving the environment, promoting innovation, and carrying out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.

五年来：

Over the past five years:

新建各类保障性住房1800多万套，棚户区改造住房1200多万套；

More than 18 million government-subsidized housing units of various types were built, and over 12 million housing units in run-down areas were upgraded. 完成大中型和重点小型水库除险加固1.8万座，治理重点中小河流2.45万公里，新增节水灌溉面积770万公顷；

A total of 18,000 large and medium-sized and key small reservoirs were reinforced, 24,500 kilometers of key small and medium-length rivers were harneed, and water-saving irrigated farmland was increased by 7.7 million hectares.

新增铁路里程1.97万公里，其中高速铁路8951公里，

A total of 19,700 kilometers of new rail lines were built, 8,951 kilometers of which are high-speed railways.

京沪、京广、哈大等高铁和一批城际铁路相继投入运营；

The high-speed Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Guangzhou and Harbin-Dalian railways and a number of intercity railways were opened to traffic.

新增公路60.9万公里，其中高速公路4.2万公里，高速公路总里程达9.56万公里；

A total of 609,000 kilometers of new roads were built, 42,000 kilometers of which are expreways, increasing the total length of expreways in service to 95,600 kilometers.

新建机场31个；新增万吨级港口泊位602个；

Thirty-one airports and 602 shipping berths for 10,000-ton ships were built.

一批跨江跨海大桥、连岛工程相继建成；

A number of bridges over rivers and bays and linking islands with other islands and the mainland were completed.

西气东输、西电东送、南水北调等重大工程顺利推进或建成；

Smooth progre was made in major projects such as those for transporting natural gas and electricity from the west to the east and diverting water from the south to the north, and some of the projects have been completed.

非化石能源快速发展，水电、风电装机位居世界第一；

Non-foil energy production developed rapidly, and China now ranks first in the world in the installed capacity of both hydropower and wind power.

重建后的汶川、玉树、舟曲等灾区发生了翻天覆地的变化。

Reconstruction of the Wenchuan, Yushu and Zhugqu disaster areas transformed them completely.

这些举世瞩目的成就，对我们有效应对国际金融危机严重冲击发挥了至关重要的作用，为经济社会长远发展打下了坚实基础，已经并将继续造福亿万人民。 These impreive achievements played a vital role in our effective response to the severe impact of the global financial crisis, and laid a solid foundation for sustaining China\'s economic and social development.They have benefited and will continue to benefit hundreds of millions ofpeople.

我们始终注重处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理通胀预期的关系，增强宏观政策的前瞻性、科学性、有效性，注意把握好政策的取向、力度和重点。

We always strove to maintain a balance between ensuring steady and rapid economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations.We made government macro policies more forward-looking, scientific and effective and implemented them with proper orientation, force and focus.

在国际金融危机冲击最严重时，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，综合运用多种财政政策工具，增加政府支出，实行结构性减税；有效运用存款准备金率、利率等货币政策工具，保持货币信贷合理增长。

When the impact of the global financial crisis was at its worst, we resolutely implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, employed a full range of financial policy tools, increased government spending and made structural tax reductions.We effectively employed monetary policy instruments such as adjusting required reserve ratios and interest rates to maintain proper growth in the money and credit supply.

根据宏观经济走势的变化，我们及时调整政策力度，适时退出刺激政策，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。

In response to changing macroeconomic trends, we promptly adjusted the intensity of policy implementation, reduced the force of stimulus policies at an appropriate time, and implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.

在财政政策运用上，坚持统筹兼顾，注重综合平衡。 We took a holistic and balanced approach in employing fiscal policy.

财政赤字占国内生产总值的比重从2009年的2.8%降到去年的1.5%左右，赤字率和债务负担率保持在安全水平。加强地方政府性债务全面审计和地方政府融资平台管理，有效控制经济运行中的风险隐患。

As a result, the government deficit dropped from 2.8% of GDP in 2009 to about 1.5% last year, and both deficit-to-GDP and debt-to-GDP ratios remained at a safe level.We strengthened comprehensive auditing of local governments\' debt and management of their financing platforms, thus effectively controlling latent economic risks.

在货币政策运用上，始终注意把握稳增长、控物价和防风险之间的平衡。

In employing monetary policy, we maintained a balance between ensuring steady growth, maintaining price stability and warding off risks.

金融体系运行稳健，银行业风险抵御能力持续增强，资本充足率从2007年底的8.4%提升到去年底的13.3%，不良贷款率由6.1%下降到0.95%，一直保持在较低水平。

The financial system functioned soundly.The banking sector became better able to avert risks.Its capital adequacy rate increased from 8.4% at the end of 2007 to 13.3% by the end of last year, and its non-performing loans were kept at a low level, dropping from 6.1% to 0.95%.

坚持搞好房地产市场调控不动摇，遏制了房价过快上涨势头。

We kept a firm grip on the real estate market and kept housing prices from rising too quickly.

2012年，在世界各大经济体增长全面减速、各种风险不断暴露的情况下，我们合理把握政策力度，保持财政预算支出规模不变，优化支出结构，扭转经济下滑趋势，全面实现年初确定的主要目标，

In 2012, when other major economies in the world were experiencing a slowdown in growth and constantly encountered new risks, we maintained a proper intensity in policy implementation, kept budgetary spending unchanged, improved the spending mix, and reversed the decline in economic growth.

国内生产总值增长7.8%，城镇新增就业1266万人，居民消费价格涨幅回落到2.6%，为今年经济发展打下好的基础。

As a result, we attained all the main targets set at the beginning of the year: GDP grew by 7.8%, 12.66 million urban jobs were created, and the rise in the CPI fell to 2.6%.All this laid a good foundation for China\'s economic development this year.

这五年：

Over the past five years:

我国宏观经济总体上保持增速平稳较快、

China\'s economy as a whole maintained steady and rapid growth.

物价相对稳定、

Prices remained fairly stable.

就业持续增加、

Employment steadily increased.

国际收支趋于平衡的良好态势，

The balance ofpayments moved toward equilibrium.

国内生产总值年均增长9.3%，显著高于同期全球和新兴经济体的增速，

GDP grew at an average annual rate of 9.3%, considerably higher than the average global rate and the average rate of other emerging economies for the same period.

通货膨胀率远低于其他新兴经济体。

China\'s inflation rate was also much lower than that of other emerging economies.

我国经济稳定，充满活力。

The Chinese economy is stable and full of vitality.

回首这五年，面对国际经济形势复杂多变、持续低迷的严峻挑战，中央科学判断、果断决策，有效避免了我国现代化进程因巨大的外部冲击而出现大的波折，实践证明这些决策部署是完全正确的。

In the last five years, faced with severe challenges posed by a complex and volatile international economic environment and a sluggish global economy, the central leadership, on the basis of a scientific judgment of the situation, made resolute decisions that steered China\'s modernization drive clear of major pitfalls created by huge external shocks.Experience fully proves these decisions and implementing steps were entirely correct.

二是加快经济结构调整，提高经济发展的质量和效益。

2.Accelerating adjustment ofthe economic structure and improving the quality and performance ofeconomic development

坚持实施扩大内需战略，内需对经济增长的贡献率明显提高，经常项目顺差占国内生产总值的比重从10.1%下降到2.6%。

We adhered to the strategy of expanding domestic demand.As a result, the contribution of domestic demand to economic growth increased significantly, and the share of current account surplus in the GDP dropped from 10.1% to 2.6%.

居民消费结构加快升级。

The upgrading in the mix of private consumption accelerated.

2012年底，城镇和农村人均住房面积32.9平方米、37.1平方米，分别比2007年增加2.8平方米和5.5平方米；

At the end of 2012, the per capita living area of urban and rural residents was 32.9 square meters and 37,1 square meters respectively, an increase of 2.8 and 5.5 over 2007.

城镇居民每百户拥有家用汽车21.5辆，比2007年增加15.5辆；

Car ownership stood at 21.5 cars per 100 urban households, an increase of 15.5 over 2007.

旅游、文化消费大幅增加。

Travel- and entertainment-related spending has risen substantially.

坚持走中国特色新型工业化道路，大力推进产业转型升级。

We adhered to the new path of industrialization with distinctive Chinese features and promoted transformation and upgrading of industrial sectors.

我国制造业规模跃居全球首位，高技术制造业增加值年均增长13.4%，成为国民经济重要先导性、支柱性产业； China\'s manufacturing industry became the largest in the world.With added-value growing at an average annual rate of 13.4% during the past five years, high-tech manufacturing has become a leading pillar of the economy.

清洁能源、节能环保、新一代信息技术、生物医药、高端装备制造等一批战略性新兴产业快速发展。

Strategic emerging industries grew rapidly, including clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, next-generation information and communication technology, biomedicines, and high-end equipment manufacturing.

产品质量整体水平不断提高。

The overall quality of manufactured goods steadily improved.

服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重提高2.7个百分点，成为吸纳就业最多的产业。

The share of value-added of the service sector in the GDP increased by 2.7 percentage points, and it now creates more jobs than any other sector.

扎实推进节能减排和生态环境保护。五年累计，共淘汰落后炼铁产能1.17亿吨、炼钢产能7800万吨、水泥产能7.75亿吨；

We made steady progre in conserving energy, reducing emiions, and protecting the environment.Over the past five years, the following backward production facilities were closed: Iron works with a total output capacity of 117 million tons.Steel mills with a capacity of 78 million tons.Cement plants with a capacity of 775 million tons.

新增城市污水日处理能力4600万吨；单位国内生产总值能耗下降17.2%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量分别下降15.7%和17.5%。修订环境空气质量标准，增加细颗粒物PM2.5等监测指标。

Moreover, in the past five years: Daily urban sewage treatment capacity increased by 46 million tons.Energy consumption per unit ofGDP fell by 17.2%.Total chemical oxygen demand fell by 15.7%.Total sulfur dioxide emiions fell by 17.5%.Environmental air quality standards were revised.The air quality index for monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2 s) was added.

推进天然林保护、退耕还林、防沙治沙等重点生态工程建设，五年累计完成造林2953万公顷，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196万公顷，综合治理水土流失面积24.6万平方公里，整治国土面积18万平方公里。

Progre was made in major ecological projects to protect virgin forests, afforest marginal farmland, and prevent and control desertification.Over the past five years: Anadditional 29.53 million hectares of land were planted with trees.Desertification was halted on 11.96 million hectares of land.Soil erosion on 246,000 square kilometers of land was brought under control.A total of 180,000 square kilometers of land were improved.

深入实施区域发展总体战略，颁布实施全国主体功能区规划，制定西部大开发新十年指导意见和一系列区域发展规划，加快推进西藏、新疆等地区跨越式发展， We implemented the master strategy for regional development, promulgated and implemented the national plan for developing functional zones, formulated new 10-year guidelines for the large-scale development of the western region and a number of regional development plans, and accelerated leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.

制定实施新十年农村扶贫开发纲要，将扶贫标准提高到2300元（2010年不变价），加强集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚。

We formulated and implemented a new ten-year program for rural poverty alleviation and development, raised the poverty line to 2,300 yuan at 2010 prices, and intensified efforts to alleviate poverty in contiguous areas with acute difficulties.

中西部和东北地区主要发展指标增速高于全国平均水平，东部地区产业转型升级步伐加快，各具特色、良性互动的区域发展格局正在形成。

Major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average.Transformation and upgrading of the industrial sector in the eastern region accelerated, and a pattern of regional development is taking shape in which each region both has its distinctive strengths and draws on the strengths of other regions.

积极稳妥推进城镇化，五年转移农村人口8463万人，城镇化率由45.9%提高到52.6%，城乡结构发生了历史性变化。

We advanced urbanization actively yet prudently.Over the past five years: A total of 84.63 million rural residents migrated to urban areas.The urbanization level rose from 45.9\"10 to 52.6%, marking a historic turning point in China\'s urban-rural population structure.

城乡、区域发展的协调性明显增强。 Development between urban and rural areas and between regions became more balanced.三是毫不放松地抓好“三农”工作，巩固和加强农业基础地位。

3.Unremittingly doing our work related to agriculture, rural areas, andfarmers well, and consolidating and strengthening the position ofagriculture as the foundation of the economy

我们坚持在工业化、信息化、城镇化深入发展中同步推进农业现代化，集中力量办成了一些关系农业农村长远发展、关系农民切身利益的大事。

We carried out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization, application of information and communication technologies (leT), and urbanization, and we pooled resources to accomplish a number of major tasks that are important to the long-term development of agriculture and rural areas and to the vital interests of farmers.

加大财政投入，中央财政“三农”累计支出4.47万亿元，年均增长23.5%。 We increased central government spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which totaled 4.47 trillion yuan for the past five years and rose by an average annual rate of 23.5%.

建立健全种粮农民补贴制度和主产区利益补偿机制，补贴标准逐年提高，覆盖范围不断扩大，补贴资金从2007年的639亿元增加到2012年的1923亿元。 We established a sound system for subsidizing grain farmers and a sound mechanism for subsidizing major grain-producing areas, broadened the coverage of the subsidies, and raised them every year, from 63.9 billion yuan in 2007 to 192.3 billion yuan in 2012.

加强农村金融服务，涉农贷款余额从2007年末的6.12万亿元增加到2012年末的17.63万亿元。

We provided more rural financial services, and the outstanding balance of bank loans to agriculture, rural areas and farmers increased from 6.12 trillion yuan at the end of 2007 to 17.63 trillion yuan at the end of 2012.

实行粮食最低收购价政策，小麦、稻谷最低收购价累计提高41.7%到86.7%。 We carried out the policy of minimum grain purchase prices and raised the floor prices for wheat and rice between 41.7% and 86.7%.

加强耕地保护，维护农民权益，为完善农村集体土地征收补偿制度做了大量准备工作。

We intensified protection of farmland and farmers\' rights and interests, and made a lot of preparations to improve the system of compensating for expropriation of rural collective land.

加快推进农业科技进步和现代农业建设，加大对良种繁育、动植物疫病防控、基层农技推广的支持力度。

We made greater progre in agricultural science and technology and the development of modem agriculture, and we increased support for cultivating superior varieties and breeds, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and spreading agricultural technology in villages.

大力兴修水利，开展农村土地整治，建设高标准农田，耕地面积保持在18.2亿亩以上。

We built more water conservancy projects, improved rural land, developed high-grade farmland, and kept the country\'s total area of farmland over 121.3 million hectares.

粮食综合生产能力跃上新台阶，粮食总产量连续6年稳定在万亿斤以上并逐年增加。

Thanks to these efforts, China\'s overall grain production capacity reached a new level, and its grain output in each of the past six years increased and exceeded 500 million tons,

加强农村水电路气等基础设施建设，新建改建农村公路146.5万公里，改造农村危房1033万户，解决了3亿多农村人口的饮水安全和无电区445万人的用电问题，农村生产生活条件不断改善。

We strengthened rural infrastructure such as roads and water, power and methane supply capacity.We built or upgraded 1.465 million kilometers of rural roads, renovated run-down houses for 10.33 million rural households, provided safe drinking water for an additional 300 million plus rural residents, and delivered electricity to 4.45 million people in areas without power supply.This led to steady improvement in rural productivity and quality of life.

积极引导农村富余劳动力转向非农产业，农民人均纯收入持续较快增长，2010年以来城乡居民相对收入差距逐步缩小。

We encouraged surplus rural workers to find non-agricultural employment.The per capita net income of rural residents grew rapidly, and the relative income gap between urban and rural residents has progreively narrowed since 2010.

深化农村综合改革。

We deepened overall rural reform.

集体林权制度主体改革基本完成，全面推进农村集体土地确权颁证工作，开展农村土地承包经营权登记试点。

We basically completed the main tasks for reforming the collective forest tenure system, made comprehensive progre in determining, registering and certifying collective land ownership, and carried out trials for registering contracted rural land-use rights.

农业农村发展的好形势，为应对国际金融危机和各种自然灾害严重冲击、稳定经济社会发展大局提供了重要支撑。

Sound agricultural and rural development provided important support for China to counter the severe impact of the global financial crisis and natural disasters and maintain overall stability in economic and social development.

四是坚持实施科教兴国战略，增强经济社会发展的核心支撑能力。

4.Steadfastly implementing the strategy for making China strong through the development of science and education, and boosting the country’s core ability to sustain economic and social development

我们加快实施国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，制定实施国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要、国家中长期人才发展规划纲要和国家知识产权战略，

We accelerated implementation of the National Plan for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development; formulated and implemented the National Plan for Long- and Medium-Term Education Reform and Development, the National Plan for Long- and Medium-Term Development of Competent Personnel and the national strategy on intellectual property rights.

推动科技、教育、文化事业全面发展，为国家长远发展奠定了坚实基础。

This gave impetus to all-around progre in science and technology, education, and culture and laid a solid foundation for ensuring China\'s long-term development. 优先发展教育事业。国家财政性教育经费支出五年累计7.79万亿元，年均增长21.58%，2012年占国内生产总值比例达到4%。

We gave high priority to developing education.Government spending on education totaled 7.79 trillion yuan over the past five years, increasing at an average annual rate of 21.58% to reach 4% of GDP in 2012.

教育资源重点向农村、边远、民族、贫困地区倾斜，教育公平取得明显进步。 We allocated educational resources, giving priority to rural, remote, poor and ethnic minority areas and made notable progre in improving fairne in education.

全面实现城乡九年免费义务教育，惠及1.6亿学生。实施学前教育三年行动计划，“入园难”问题有所缓解。

We made free nine-year compulsory education universal acro the country, benefiting 160 million students.A three-year action plan for preschool education was carried out, and the shortage of preschools was eased.

国家助学制度不断完善，建立了家庭经济困难学生资助体系，实现从学前教育到研究生教育各个阶段全覆盖，每年资助金额近1000亿元，资助学生近8000万人次。

We improved the system of state financial aid to students, and established a system for giving students from poor families financial aid from preschool through graduate school.We spent approximately 100 billion yuan annually for this purpose and aisted nearly 80 million students.

实施中等职业教育免学费政策，覆盖范围包括所有农村学生、城市涉农专业学生和家庭经济困难学生。

We implemented the policy of tuition-free secondary vocational education for all rural students and all urban students who study agriculture-related majors or are from poor families.初步解决进城务工人员随迁子女在城市接受义务教育问题，现有1260万农村户籍孩子在城市接受义务教育。

The problem of providing compulsory education to children of rural migrants working in cities was basically solved, and 12.6 million children with rural residence status are now receiving compulsory education in cities.

实施惠及3000多万农村义务教育阶段学生营养改善计划。

We implemented the plan for improving nutrition of rural students receiving compulsory education to the benefit of over 30 million students.

完成中小学校舍安全工程。

We completed the project to improve the safety of primary and secondary school buildings.

加快职业教育基础能力和特殊教育基础设施建设。

We sped up development of infrastructure for vocational and special education.

义务教育学校实施绩效工资，在教育部直属师范大学实行师范生免费教育，加强了农村教师队伍建设。

The pay of teachers in compulsory education is now linked to their performance.Students majoring in education at teachers universities directly under the Ministry of Education were exempted from paying tuition, and the ranks of rural teachers were strengthened.

全面提高教育质量和水平，高等教育毛入学率提高到30%。

The quality and level of education in China was comprehensively raised, and the gro college enrollment rate rose to 30%.

国民受教育程度大幅提升，15岁以上人口平均受教育年限达到9年以上。

The education level of the people was raised significantly, and the average length of schooling of people over the age of 15 now exceeds nine years.

大力推动自主创新。中央财政用于科技的投入五年累计8729亿元，年均增长超过18%。

We vigorously promoted innovation.The central government spent 872.9 billion yuan to develop science and technology in the past five years, with an average annual increase of over 18%.

全社会研究与试验发展经费支出占国内生产总值的比例由2007年的1.4%提高到2012年的1.97%，企业研发活动支出占比超过74%。

China\'s R&D spending accounted for 1.97% of GDP in 2012, up from 1.4% in 2007, and over 74% of this spending was made by companies.

出台深化科技体制改革加快国家创新体系建设的意见。 The Guidelines on Deepening Reform of the Management System for Science and Technology and Accelerating Development of a National Innovation System were adopted.

深入实施国家技术创新工程和知识创新工程，扎实推进国家科技重大专项，新建一批国家工程中心、重点实验室和企业技术中心。

We carried out a national technology innovation project and a knowledge innovation project, made solid progre in implementing major national R&D projects, and set up a number of national engineering centers, key laboratories and enterprise technology centers.

加强基础研究和前沿探索，突破一批关键核心技术，填补了多项重大产品和装备的空白。

We boosted basic research and research in frontier areas, made breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and filled in gaps in many important products and equipment.

深入实施人才强国战略。以高层次、高技能人才为重点，加强各类人才队伍建设，专业技术人才、高技能人才分别增加860万人和880万人，留学回国人员达到54万人。

We implemented the strategy for making China strong through training competent personnel.We trained more personnel of all types, with the focus on high-level and highly skilled personnel.As a result, the number of personnel with special expertise and highly skilled personnel increased by 8.6 million and 8.8 million respectively.A total of 540,000 overseas students returned.

大力加强文化建设。覆盖城乡的公共文化设施网络体系初步建成，博物馆、图书馆、文化馆（站）全面实现免费开放。

We put greater effort into developing the cultural sector.A network of public cultural facilities covering both urban and rural areas is taking shape, and all museums, libraries and cultural centers in China are open to the public free of charge.

国有经营性文化单位转企改制任务基本完成，公益性文化事业单位内部机制改革不断深化。

We basically transformed state-owned for-profit cultural institutions into busine enterprises, and deepened reform of internal operating mechanisms of non-profit cultural institutions.

哲学社会科学、新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术等更加繁荣，文化产业快速发展。 Philosophy and the social sciences, the pre and publishing, radio, television and film, and literature and art are flourishing, and cultural industries developed rapidly.

文物保护、非物质文化遗产保护和传承取得重要进展。对外文化交流更加活跃。全民健身和竞技体育取得新成绩。

We made major progre in protecting cultural relics and preserving and paing on intangible cultural heritage.Cultural exchanges with other countries increased.New progre was made in nationwide fitne activities and competitive sports.

五是坚持把人民利益放在第一位，着力保障和改善民生。

Fifth, putting the people\'s interests first and striving to ensure and improve their well-being

我们把就业作为保障和改善民生的头等大事，实施积极的就业政策。加强重点人群就业工作，提高职业培训和就业服务水平，五年累计投入就业专项资金1973亿元，

We made expanding employment the top priority in ensuring and improving people\'s well-being and pursued a proactive employment policy.Over the past five years, we allocated 197.3 billion yuan of employment funds to help targeted groups obtain employment and to improve vocational training and employment services.

实现高校毕业生就业2800万人，城镇就业困难人员就业830万人，保持了就业形势总体稳定。

As a result, 28 million university graduates and 8.3 million urban residents having difficulty finding jobs found employment.All this kept the overall employment situation stable.

全面推进社会保障体系建设，建立新型农村社会养老保险和城镇居民社会养老保险制度，城乡居民基本养老保险实现了制度全覆盖，各项养老保险参保达到7.9亿人。

We made comprehensive progre in developing the social security system: A new old-age insurance system for rural residents and an old-age insurance system for non-working urban residents were established, and the basic old-age insurance system now covers both urban and rural residents.A total of 790 million people are now covered by different old-age insurance schemes.

企业退休人员基本养老金从2004年人均每月700元提高到现在的1721元。 A total of 790 million people are now covered by different old-age insurance schemes.Basic pensions for enterprise retirees rose from an average of 700 yuan per month in 2004 to 1,721 yuan at present.

妥善解决关闭破产企业退休人员、困难企业职工、国有企业老工伤人员、未参保集体企业退休人员社会保险等问题。

We extended social security coverage to retirees of closed or bankrupt enterprises, employees of enterprises with operating difficulties, employees of state-owned enterprises who suffered work-related injuries in the past, and uninsured retirees of collectively owned enterprises.

深化医药卫生体制改革，建立新型农村合作医疗制度和城镇居民基本医疗保险制度，

We deepened reform of the medical and health care systems, established a new type of rural cooperative medical care system and a basic medical insurance scheme for non-working urban residents.

全民基本医保体系初步形成，各项医疗保险参保超过13亿人，

We deepened reform of the medical and health care systems, established a new type of rural cooperative medical care system and a basic medical insurance scheme for non-working urban residents.

加强城乡基层医疗卫生服务体系建设，建立基本药物制度并在基层医疗机构实施，公立医院改革试点稳步推进。

We improved community-level medical and health care services, and established a system for using basic drugs and implemented it in community-level medical institutions.Steady progre was made in the trial reform of public hospitals.

国民健康水平进一步提高，人均预期寿命达到75岁。

People\'s health further improved, and the average life expectancy reached 75 years.

健全城乡居民低保、医疗、教育、法律等救助制度， The systems for aiding needy rural and urban residents with subsistence allowances, medical care, education and legal aistance were improved.

改革完善孤儿保障、流浪儿童救助保护、农村五保供养制度。

We reformed and improved systems for providing social security to orphans, helping and protecting homele children, and giving childle and infirm rural residents aistance in the form of food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses.

颁布实施新的中国妇女、儿童发展纲要，依法保障妇女儿童合法权益。

We promulgated and implemented new programs for the development of Chinese women and children, and protected their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law.

建立健全城镇保障性住房制度，覆盖面逐步扩大，2012年底已达到12.5%。 We established a sound government-subsidized urban housing system and extended it to cover 12.5% of the country\'s urban households by the end of 2012.

社会保障制度建设取得历史性的巨大成就。不断加强和创新社会管理，建立健全应急管理体系，发挥城乡社区自治和服务功能，社会保持和谐稳定。

Historic achievements were made in developing the social security system.We strengthened and made innovations in social management, put in place a sound emergency response system, encouraged urban and rural communities to fully play their self-governance and service roles, and maintained social harmony and stability.六是深化重要领域改革，增强经济社会发展的内在活力。[/cn][en]Sixth, deepening reform in key areas and enhancing the vitality of economic and social development[/en]

[cn]我们不失时机地推进改革，在一些重要领域取得重大进展。

We lost no opportunity to carry out reform and achieved great progre in a number of key areas.

大力推进财税体制改革，完善转移支付制度，全面建立县级基本财力保障机制，基层政府提供基本公共服务的能力有所提高；

We vigorously reformed the fiscal and taxation systems, improved the system of transfer payments and established a mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level governments acro the country.County- and township-level governments became more capable of providing basic public services.

由公共财政预算、政府性基金预算、国有资本经营预算、社会保险基金预算组成的预算体系框架基本形成，预算外资金全部纳入预算管理；

We put in place the basic framework of a system of budgets for public finances, government-managed funds, state capital operations and social security funds, and all extra budgetary funds were placed under budgetary management.

统一内外资企业税制，实现增值税转型，实施成品油价格和税费改革，开展营业税改征增值税试点，改革资源税制度，财税体制对加快转变经济发展方式的促进作用增强。

We unified the corporate tax systems for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises, implemented VAT reform, reformed pricing of refined oil products and related taxes and fees, carried out pilot projects to replace busine tax with VAT, and reformed the resource tax system.This strengthened the role of the fiscal and taxation systems in accelerating the change of the growth model.

全面深化金融体制改革，国有大型商业银行股份制改革顺利完成，政策性金融机构改革有序推进，

We comprehensively deepened reform of the financial system.Specifically, we smoothly completed the transformation of large state-owned commercial banks into joint-stock companies and carried out reform of policy-based financial institutions in an orderly way.

农村信用社改革成效明显，银行业新监管标准实施，创业板、股指期货和融资融券业务相继推出，

We made notable achievements in reforming rural credit cooperatives, implemented new oversight and supervision standards in the banking industry, launched the ChiNext stock market, and introduced stock index futures and securities margin trading.

保险业改革开放深入推进，人民币汇率形成机制不断完善，利率市场化和资本项目可兑换改革稳步推进，建立宏观审慎政策框架，扩大人民币在跨境贸易和投资中的使用。

We deepened reform of the insurance industry and opened it wider.We improved the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, made steady progre in making interest rates more market-based and promoting the RMB\'s convertibility under capital accounts, established a macro prudential policy framework, and expanded the use of the RMB in cro-border trade and investment.

我国银行、证券、保险业的抗风险能力和国际竞争力显著提升，为成功应对国际金融危机冲击奠定了坚实基础。

China\'s banking, securities and insurance industries became significantly more resilient to risks and internationally competitive, and they underpinned our succeful response to the global financial crisis.

国有企业改革不断深化，素质提高，竞争力明显增强。

Reform of state-owned enterprises deepened, their performance improved and their competitivene was significantly enhanced.

制定鼓励和引导民间投资健康发展的指导意见和实施细则，非公有制经济发展环境不断改善。

We formulated the Guidelines on Encouraging and Guiding the Sound Development of Non-governmental Investiment and rules for their implementation, and the environment for the development of the non-public sector of the economy improved.

建立生态补偿制度，开展排污权和碳排放权交易试点。

We adopted a system for compensating for ecological damage and carried out trials for trading pollution discharge and carbon emiion rights.

事业单位分类改革积极推进。

We carried out function-based reform of public institutions.

七是坚定不移扩大对外开放，全面提升开放型经济水平。

7.Unswervingly opening wider to the outside world and comprehensively improving the performance ofthe open economy

我们积极应对外部环境的急剧变化，及时出台稳定外需的政策措施，实施市场多元化战略，

We actively responded to drastic changes in the external environment, promptly introduced policies and measures to stabilize external demand, and implemented the strategy of diversifying markets.

进出口总额年均增长12.2%，从世界第三位提升到第二位，

During the past five years, China\'s import and export volume grew by an annual average of 12.2% and rose from third to second place in the world.

其中出口额跃居世界第一位，占国际市场份额比2007年提高2个多百分点，进出口结构优化，贸易大国地位进一步巩固。

China has become the largest exporter in the world, and its international market share increased by over two percentage points over 2007.China\'s import and export mix improved; and its status as a trading power was further strengthened.

五年累计实际利用外资5528亿美元，利用外资的结构和布局明显优化，质量和水平显著提升。

Over the past five years, we utilized US$ 552.8 billion of foreign investment, considerably improved the structure and distribution of this investment, and made much better use of it.

加快实施“走出去”战略，鼓励各类企业开展对外投资和跨国经营，

We quickened the implementation of the \"go global\" strategy and encouraged enterprises of various types to invest and operate overseas.

非金融类对外直接投资从2007年的248亿美元上升到2012年的772亿美元，年均增长25.5%，跻身对外投资大国行列。

Non-financial outward direct investment increased from $24.8 billion in 2007 to $77.2 billion in 2012, growing at an average annual rate of 25.5%.This turned China into a major overseas investor country.

对外开放有力促进了我国经济发展和结构优化，吸收了先进技术和管理经验，增加了就业和职工收入，也为推动世界经济复苏作出了重要贡献。

Opening up vigorously stimulated China\'s economic development and structural improvement, brought in advanced foreign technologies and managerial expertise, and increased employment and workers\' income, and also made an important contribution to global economic recovery.八是切实加强政府自身建设，进一步深化行政体制改革。

8.Effectively strengthening governance and deepening reform of the administrative system 推进政府机构改革，初步建立职能统一的大部门体制框架。

We proceeded with the reform of government agencies and put in place the basic institutional framework for establishing larger government departments that integrate the functions smaller ones had performed.

我们始终把实行科学民主决策、坚持依法行政、推进政务公开、健全监督制度、加强廉政建设作为政府工作的基本准则。

We always observed the following basic norms in exercising governance: making policy decisions scientifically and democratically, conducting administration in accordance with the law, promoting transparency in government operations, improving the oversight system and upholding integrity.

在规范行政权力运行，建设服务政府、责任政府、法治政府和廉洁政府方面，采取了一系列新举措，迈出了新步伐。

We adopted new measures and made new progre in exercising government power according to due procedures and in building a service-oriented, accountable, law-based and clean government.

坚持科学决策、民主决策、依法决策，健全公众参与、专家论证、风险评估、合法性审查和集体讨论决定等政府决策程序。

We took the following steps to improve government decision-making procedures: making policy decisions scientifically and democratically in accordance with the law; soliciting opinions from the public; and conducting expert evaluation, risk aement, legality review, and collective discuion.

深化行政审批制度改革，五年中分两轮取消和调整行政审批事项498项，

We deepened reform of the system of review and approval by government bodies and eliminated or streamlined 498 items requiring such review and approval in two stages over the past five years.

国务院各部门取消和调整的审批项目总数达到2497项，占原有审批项目的69.3%。

Departments of the State Council eliminated or streamlined 2,497 items requiring their review and approval, 69.3% ofthe original total.

大力推动政务公开，重点推进财政预算决算公开和公务接待、公务车购置使用、因公出国出境经费公开， We took major steps to increase transparency in government operations, with the focus on government budgets and final accounts, as well as on expenditures for official hospitality, purchase and use of official cars, and overseas trips for official purposes.

让人民群众更加全面地了解政府工作，更加有效地监督政府行为。

This made it poible for the people to learn more about how the government functions, and thus more effectively oversee its operations.

审计监督的力度越来越大，成效越来越明显。全面加强反腐倡廉建设，加强领导干部廉洁自律的监督管理。

Auditing oversight was intensified and became more effective.We comprehensively intensified efforts to fight corruption and build a clean government, and strengthened oversight and supervision of leading officials to ensure that they maintain personal integrity and are self-disciplined.

探索建立政府绩效管理制度，建立并切实执行以行政首长为重点的行政问责制度，努力提高行政效能。

We took steps to put in place a system of performance-based management of government officials, established and earnestly enforced the system of governance accountability focusing on leading government officials, and improved efficiency in governance.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

五年来，我们贯彻民族区域自治法，支持少数民族和民族地区发展的政策体系更加完善，民族团结进步事业焕发出新的蓬勃生机。

Over the past five years, we implemented the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, improved the policy system for supporting the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and infused new vitality into the cause of promoting unity and progre of ethnic groups in China.

全面落实宗教信仰自由政策，宗教事务管理的法制化、规范化水平进一步提升。 We comprehensively carried out the policy on freedom of religious belief and managed religious affairs on a more law- and procedure-based basis. 认真贯彻侨务政策，依法保护海外侨胞和归侨侨眷的合法权益，侨务资源的独特优势得到进一步发挥。

We implemented the policy on overseas Chinese affairs in both letter and spirit, protected the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese and those who have returned to China and their families; and we put their unique strengths to better use.

国防和军队建设开创新局面。

New progre was made in strengthening national defense and the armed forces.

中国特色军事变革取得重大成就，军队革命化现代化正规化建设协调推进、全面加强，

Major achievements were made in the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.The armed forces made coordinated and all-around progre in becoming more revolutionary, modernized and procedure-based.

军事斗争准备不断深化，履行新世纪新阶段历史使命能力显著增强，出色完成一系列急难险重任务。

They deepened their military preparedne, greatly enhanced their ability to carry out their historic miion in the new stage in the new century, and accomplished a number of urgent, difficult, and hazardous tasks.

港澳台工作进一步加强。香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定，同内地交流合作提高到新水平。

We strengthened our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.Hong Kong and Macao are thriving and stable, and their exchanges and cooperation with the mainland reached a new height.

推动两岸关系实现重大转折，两岸直接双向“三通”全面实现，签署实施两岸经济合作框架协议，

We achieved a major transition in relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.Complete, direct and two-way links of mail service, transport and trade were established, and the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement was signed and is being implemented.

形成两岸全方位交往格局，开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。

This extended cro-Straits exchanges to all areas and ushered in a new stage of peaceful growth of cro-Straits relations.

全方位外交取得新的重大进展。

Major new progre\' was made in China\'s all-around diplomacy.

我们积极推进同各大国关系，加强与周边邻国的互利合作关系，顺利建成中国—东盟自贸区，

We vigorously developed our relations with other major countries, enhanced mutually beneficial cooperation with our neighbors, and succefully established the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.

推动上海合作组织等区域合作机制发展，深化同广大发展中国家的传统友谊与合作，

We spurred the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and other mechanisms for promoting regional cooperation, and deepened our traditional friendship and cooperation with other developing countries.

积极参与应对国际金融危机、气候变化等全球性问题的国际合作，推动解决国际和地区热点问题，

We actively participated in international cooperation on global iues like the global financial crisis and climate change and helped resolve international and regional hot-spot iues.

为我国改革发展稳定营造了有利的国际环境，为世界和平稳定发展繁荣作出重要贡献。

We thus fostered an international environment favorable for China\'s reform, development and stability and made a significant contribution to world peace, stability, development and prosperity.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

过去五年取得的成就来之不易。这是党中央总揽全局、正确领导的结果，是全党全国各族人民齐心协力、艰苦奋斗的结果。

Our achievements over the past five years did not come easily.We owe them to the broad vision and correct leadership of the party Central Committee and the concerted efforts and arduous work of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.

我代表国务院，向全国工人、农民、知识分子、干部、解放军指战员、武警部队官兵和公安民警，表示诚挚的感谢！

On behalf of the State Council, I extend my sincere gratitude to all workers, farmers, intellectuals, officials, and members of the People\'s Liberation Army, armed police and public security police.

向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和其他各界人士，表示诚挚的感谢！ I extend my heartfelt thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people\'s organizations and leading figures in all sectors of society.

向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞以及广大侨胞，表示诚挚的感谢！

I expre my sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese.

向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚的感谢！

I also extend my sincere appreciation to foreign governments, international organizations and foreign friends that have shown understanding for and supported China\'s modernization drive.

我们清醒地认识到，经济社会发展中还存在不少矛盾和问题。主要是：

We are keenly aware that we still face many difficulties and problems in our economic and social development.In particular:

发展中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出；

Unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development remains a prominent problem.

经济增长下行压力和产能相对过剩的矛盾有所加剧；

There is a growing conflict between downward preure on economic growth and exce production capacity.

企业生产经营成本上升和创新能力不足问题并存；

There is a growing conflict between downward preure on economic growth and exce production capacity.

财政收入增速放缓和政府刚性支出增加的矛盾凸显；

The growth of government revenue is slowing down while fixed government expenditures are increasing.

金融领域存在潜在风险；

There are potential risks in the financial sector.

产业结构不合理，农业基础依然薄弱；

There are potential risks in the financial sector.The agricultural foundation is still weak.

经济发展与资源环境的矛盾日趋尖锐；

Economic development is increasingly in conflict with resource conservation and environmental protection.

城乡、区域发展差距和居民收入分配差距较大；

The development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is large, and so are income disparities between individuals.

社会矛盾明显增多，教育、就业、社会保障、医疗、住房、生态环境、食品药品安全、安全生产、社会治安等关系群众切身利益的问题不少，

Social problems have increased markedly, and many problems in the areas of education, employment, social security, medical care, housing, the environment, food and drug safety, workplace safety, and public order affect people\'s vital interests.

部分群众生活困难；

Some people still lead hard lives.

制约科学发展的体制机制障碍较多；

There are many systemic and institutional obstacles to developing in a scientific way.

政府职能转变不到位，一些领域腐败现象易发多发。

The transformation of government functions has not been fully carried out, and some areas are prone to corruption.

这些问题，有些是长期积累的，有些是经济社会发展过程中出现的，有些是政府工作中的缺点和不足造成的。

Some of these problems have built up over time, while others have emerged in the course of economic and social development, and still others have been caused by inadequacies and weaknees in our government work.

我们要以对国家和人民高度负责的精神，更加努力做好工作，加快解决这些问题，决不辜负人民的期望！

We should have a strong sense of responsibility toward our country and people, work harder and solve these problems more quickly in order to meet people\'s expectations and never let them down.

二、今年经济社会发展的总体要求、主要预期目标和宏观经济政策

II.General Requirements, Major Targets and Macroeconomic Policies for This Year\'s Economic and Social Development

党的十八大科学总结了过去五年的工作和党的十六大以来的奋斗历程和历史性成就，确定了全面建成小康社会和全面深化改革开放的目标，对进一步推进中国特色社会主义事业作出了全面部署。

At its Eighteenth National Congre, the Party scientifically reviewed its work over the previous five years and the historic achievements since its Sixteenth Congre, set forth the objectives of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and deepening reform and opening up in an all-around way, and laid out an overall plan for advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

2013年是全面贯彻落实党的十八大精神的开局之年，是实施“十二五”规划承前启后的关键一年，是为全面建成小康社会奠定坚实基础的重要一年。

The year 2013 is the first year for fully carrying out the guiding principles of the Party\'s Eighteenth National Congre, a crucial year for continuing to implement the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and an important year for laying a solid foundation for finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期，经济社会发展具备很多有利条件和积极因素，也面临不少风险和挑战。

China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities during which much can be accomplished.There are many favorable conditions and positive factors as well as a number of risks and challenges for China\'s economic and social development.

国际金融危机深层次影响持续显现，世界经济复苏充满不确定性、不稳定性。 The profound impact of the global financial crisis persists, and the recovery of the world economy is full of uncertainty and not yet on a stable footing.

我们既要看到形势的积极方面，坚定信心，也要看到形势的复杂性，增强忧患意识和紧迫感，兢兢业业、扎扎实实做好工作。

We should realize that the situation is encouraging and so remain confident; but also that it is complex and so be mindful of adversity, have a keen sense of urgency, and industriously and earnestly do our work well.

今年工作的总体要求是：

The general requirements for this year\'s work are:

深入学习和全面贯彻落实党的十八大精神，

Thoroughly study and fully implement the guiding principles of the Eighteenth Party Congre.Hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，紧紧围绕主题主线，以提高经济增长质量和效益为中心，

Follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development.Take developing in a scientific way as the underlying guideline and accelerating the change of the growth model as the major task.Focus on improving the quality and performance of economic growth.

深化改革开放，实施创新驱动战略，稳中求进，开拓创新，扎实开局，

Deepen reform and opening up.Implement the strategy of making development more innovation-driven.Make progre while ensuring stability.Blaze new trails in a pioneering spirit.Get off to a good start.

全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，实现经济持续健康发展和社会和谐稳定。

Comprehensively promote socialist economic, political, Cultural, social and ecological progre.Achieve sustained, healthy economic growth and social harmony and stability.

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：

The major targets for this year\'s economic and social development are:

国内生产总值增长7.5%左右，发展的协调性进一步增强； Increase GDP by about 7.5%.Better coordinate development.

居民消费价格涨幅3.5%左右；

Hold increases in the CPI to around 3.5%.

城镇新增就业900万人以上，城镇登记失业率低于4.6%；

Add more than 9 million urban jobs.Keep the registered urban unemployment rate at or below 4.6%.

城乡居民人均收入实际增长与经济增长同步，劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步；

Ensure that real per capita income for urban and rural residents increases in step with economic growth and that work remuneration rises in step with increases in labor productivity.

国际收支状况进一步改善。

Further improve the balance of payments.

这里，着重对经济增长和物价总水平两个指标作些说明。

Here, I wish to explain our targets for economic growth and overall prices.

关于经济增长目标。这是一个综合性指标，各方面高度关注。今年经济增长预期目标定为7.5%左右，主要基于两方面考虑：

The target for economic growth: This is a general target that is followed closely by all.In setting this year\'s target for economic growth at about 7.5%, we have taken two factors into account.

一方面，要继续抓住机遇、促进发展。这些年，我国制造业积累了较大产能，基础设施状况大为改善，支撑能力明显增强，储蓄率较高，劳动力总量仍然很大。 On the one hand, we need to continue to seize opportunities and promote development.Over the years, the capacity ofChina\'s manufacturing industry has increased considerably and our infrastructure has improved significantly, which means they are better able to sustain development.The rate of savings has been high, and the size of the workforce has remained large.

必须优化配置和利用生产要素，保持合理的增长速度，为增加就业、改善民生提供必要条件，为转方式、调结构创造稳定环境；

We must better allocate and employ factors of production and maintain a proper level of economic growth in order to provide neceary conditions for creating jobs and improving people\'s well-being and to create a stable environment for changing the growth model and adjusting the economic structure.

必须使经济增长与潜在增长率相协调，与生产要素的供给能力和资源环境的承受能力相适应。

We must ensure that economic growth is in accord with the potential economic growth rate, the ability to supply factors of production, and the bearing capacity of resources and the environment.

另一方面，要切实按照科学发展观的要求，引导各方面把工作重心放到加快转变经济发展方式和调整经济结构上，放到提高经济增长的质量和效益上，推动经济持续健康发展。

On the other hand, we should, in accordance with the Scientific Outlook on Development, guide all the people to shift the focus of their work to accelerating the change of the growth model, adjusting the economic structure and improving the quality and performance of economic growth, so as to promote sustained and healthy economic development.

综合权衡，今年的经济增长目标定为7.5%左右是必要的、适宜的，实现这个目标需要付出艰苦努力。

In light of these considerations, we deem it neceary and appropriate to set this year\'s target for economic growth at about 7.5%, a goal that we will have to work hard to attain.

关于物价总水平。保持物价总水平基本稳定始终是宏观调控的重要目标。

The target for overall prices: Maintaining basic stability of overall prices has always been an important macro-control target.

去年居民消费价格涨幅回落到2.6%，这是我们控制通货膨胀取得的一个重要成果，也与经济运行整体态势有关。

Last year, the rise in the CPI dropped to 2.6%.This was an important result of our efforts to curb inflation, and it was also due to the overall economic performance.

今年通货膨胀压力仍然较大，主要是：

This year, China is still under considerable inflationary preure.The main reasons are:

我国土地、劳动力等要素价格，农产品和服务类价格都存在上涨压力；

There is upward preure on the prices of land, labor and other factors of production and the prices of farm products and services.

主要发达国家实行宽松货币政策并不断加码，输入性通货膨胀压力不容忽视； Major developed countries are increasingly carrying out easy monetary policies, and imported inflationary preure cannot be overlooked.

理顺能源资源价格需要留出一定空间；

We need to leave some room for adjusting the prices of energy and resources.

去年价格上涨的翘尾影响约有1个百分点。

The carry-over effect of the CPI increase in 2012 will contribute roughly one percentage point to this year\'s CPI growth rate.

消费价格涨幅控制在3.5%左右，是充分考虑各方面因素后作出的选择。

Taking all these factors fully into account, we have set the target for increases in the CPI at around 3.5% for this year.要切实保障重要商品供给，搞活流通，降低物流成本，加强市场价格监管，保持物价总水平基本稳定。

We should effectively ensure the supply of major commodities, boost distribution of goods, reduce logistics costs, tighten oversight over market prices, and keep overall prices basically stable.

实现上述目标，必须继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，保持政策连续性和稳定性，增强前瞻性、针对性和灵活性。

To reach the above targets, we must continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, maintain continuity and stability of our policies, and make them more forward-looking, targeted and flexible.

继续实施积极的财政政策。更好地发挥积极财政政策在稳增长、调结构、促改革、惠民生中的作用。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.We should make our proactive fiscal policy play a bigger role in ensuring steady growth, adjusting the structure, advancing reform, and benefiting the people.

一是适当增加财政赤字和国债规模。今年拟安排财政赤字1.2万亿元，比去年预算增加4000亿元，

First, we will increase the deficit and government debt by appropriate amounts.This year we are projecting a deficit of 1.2 trillion yuan, 400 billion more than the budgeted figure last year.

其中中央财政赤字8500亿元，代地方发债3500亿元。

This consists of a central government deficit of 850 billion yuan and 350 billion yuan in bonds to be iued on behalf of local.governments.

这主要是考虑到结构性减税的滞后效应，今年财政收入增长不会太快，但财政刚性支出增加，

The time-lag of past structural tax cuts will make it hard for government revenue to grow fast this year, while fixed government expenditures will increase.

特别是要增加保障改善民生支出，保持对经济增长和结构调整的支持力度，适当扩大财政赤字和国债规模是必要的。

In particular, it is neceary to increase spending to ensure and improve people\'s well-being and maintain support for economic growth and structural adjustment.Consequently, we deem it neceary to appropriately increase the deficit and government debt.

同时，目前我国债务负担率相对较低，今年增加赤字后，赤字率在2%左右，总体上处于安全水平。

It should be noted that China has a relatively low debt-to-GDP ratio, and the increase in the deficit this year will bring the deficit-to-GDP ratio to about 2%, which is overall at a safe level.

二是结合税制改革完善结构性减税政策。

Second, we will improve the structural tax cut policy as we continue to reform the tax system.

重点是加快推进营业税改征增值税试点工作，完善试点办法，适时扩大试点地区和行业范围。

The focus will be on accelerating the pilot project to replace busine tax with VAT, improving the way these trials are conducted and extending them to more areas and sectors in a timely manner.

三是着力优化财政支出结构。继续向教育、医药卫生、社会保障等民生领域和薄弱环节倾斜，

Third, we will work hard to optimize the structure of government expenditures.We will continue to give priority to spending on education, medical and health care, social security and other weak areas that are important to people\'s well-being.

严格控制行政经费等一般性支出，勤俭办一切事业。

We will strictly limit regular expenditures like administrative expenses, and practice thrift in everything we do.

中央预算内投资主要投向保障性安居工程，农业、水利、城市管网等基础设施，社会事业等民生工程，节能减排和生态环境等领域。

Investment from the central government budget will be mainly made in government-subsidized housing projects; infrastructure projects related to agriculture, water conservancy and urban utilities networks; social programs and other projects to improve people\'s well-being; and energy conservation, emiions reduction and environmental protection.

四是继续加强地方政府性债务管理。妥善处理债务偿还和在建项目后续融资问题，积极推进地方政府性债务管理制度建设，合理控制地方政府性债务水平。 Fourth, we will continue to strengthen management of local government debt.We will properly handle debt repayment and follow-up financing for ongoing projects, put in place a system for managing local government debt and keep such debt at an appropriate level.

继续实施稳健的货币政策。把握好促进经济增长、稳定物价和防范金融风险之间的平衡。

We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy.We will maintain a balance between boosting economic growth, keeping prices stable and guarding against financial risks.

一是健全宏观审慎政策框架，发挥货币政策逆周期调节作用。

First, we will improve the policy framework for exercising macro-control prudently and have monetary policy play the role of making counter-cyclic adjustments.

广义货币Ｍ2预期增长目标拟定为13%左右。综合运用多种货币政策工具，调节市场流动性，保持货币信贷合理增长，适当扩大社会融资规模。

The target for growth of the broad money supply (M2) is about 13%.We will employ a full range of monetary policy tools to control market liquidity, increase the money and credit supply at an appropriate pace, and expand the aggregate financing for the economy by an appropriate amount.

完善货币政策传导机制，加强金融监管与货币政策的协调，不断优化监管标准和监管方式。

We will improve the transmiion mechanism for monetary policy, better coordinate financial oversight and monetary policy, and improve oversight standards and their implementation.

二是促进金融资源优化配置。引导金融机构加大对经济结构调整特别是“三农”、小微企业、战略性新兴产业等的金融支持，满足国家重点在建续建项目资金需求。 Second, we will better allocate financial resources.We will guide financial institutions to increase financial support for structural adjustments to the economy, especially for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, small and micro businees, and strategic emerging industries, and satisfy funding needs for key national projects under construction or expansion. 拓宽实体经济融资渠道，降低实体经济融资成本。促进资本市场稳定健康发展。 We will broaden financing channels for the real economy and reduce its financing costs.We will promote steady and healthy development of the capital market.

三是守住不发生系统性和区域性金融风险底线。引导金融机构稳健经营，加强对局部和区域性风险以及金融机构表外业务风险的监管，提高金融支持经济发展的可持续性。

Third, we will resolutely guard against systemic and regional financial risks.We will guide financial institutions to operate prudently, and we will tighten oversight over financial risks in certain sectors and regions and risks related to the off-balance sheet activities of financial institutions, and thus make the financial sector\'s support for economic development more sustainable.

三、对今年政府工作的建议

III.Suggestions for the Work of the Government This Year

结合过去十年特别是近五年工作的体会，对今年政府主要工作提出以下建议。 Based on an understanding of the work of the past ten years, especially of the past five years, I wish to make the following suggestions for the government\'s main work this year.

（一）加快转变经济发展方式，促进经济持续健康发展。

1.Accelerating the change ofthe growth model and promoting sustained and sound economic development

我国社会主义现代化建设取得的一切成就都建立在经济持续健康发展的基础之上，经济不发展，什么事情都办不成。

All the achievements we havemade in China\'s socialist modernization are attributable to sustained and sound economic development, without which we would have accomplished nothing.

我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾没有变，我国是世界上最大发展中国家的国际地位没有变，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。 China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time.This basic national condition has not changed; nor has the principal problem in our society, that is, production falls short of the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people, or China\'s international position as the largest developing country in the world.Development is still the key to solving all our problems.

必须坚持以经济建设为中心，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展。

We must keep economic development as the central task and give it our undivided attention.

只要我们牢牢把握发展的重要战略机遇期，尊重发展规律，创新发展理念，破解发展难题，加快转变经济发展方式，在发展中促转变，在转变中谋发展，就一定能实现经济持续健康发展。

As long as we make full use of this important period of strategic opportunities, respect the law of development, formulate new thinking on development, solve problems hindering development, accelerate the change of the growth model, spur change in the course of pursuing development, and promote development while working for change, we can certainly achieve sustained and sound economic development.

要坚定不移地把扩大内需作为经济发展的长期战略方针，充分发挥消费的基础作用和投资的关键作用。

We should unswervingly take expanding domestic demand as our long-term strategy for economic development, and make full use of the basic function of consumption and the key role of investment.

扩大内需的难点和重点在消费，潜力也在消费。

The difficulty in and key to expanding domestic demand lie in consumption, and that is also where the potential lies.

扩大居民消费要在提高消费能力、稳定消费预期、增强消费意愿、改善消费环境上下功夫，不断提高消费对经济增长的拉动力。

To expand individual consumption, we should enhance people\'s ability to consume, keep their consumption expectations stable, boost their desire to consume, improve the consumption environment and make economic growth more consumption-driven.

现阶段，投资在促进经济增长中的作用不可低估。

In the current stage, the role investment plays in promoting economic growth cannot be underestimated.

我国既有投资能力，又有投资需求，关键在于选准方向、优化结构、提高投资的质量和效益。

China has both investment capability and investment demand, but the key is to make investment in the needed sectors, optimize the structure of investment, and improve its performance and returns.

政府投资对社会投资具有十分重要的导向作用，但占全社会投资的比重越来越小，必须进一步放宽民间投资市场准入，激发民间投资活力。

Governmental investment is important in guiding non-governmental investment, but its share of the country\'s total investment is decreasing, so we must further relax controls over market acce for nongovernmental investment and stimulate it.

要大力推进转变经济发展方式，加快产业结构调整。

We should energetically change the growth model and speed up structural adjustment of industry.

我国生产力发展水平具有多层次性，回旋余地很大，无论传统产业还是新兴产业、劳动密集型产业还是资金密集型产业，都有发展的空间，

China\'s productive forces develop on multiple levels, which gives us plenty of room to maneuver.Industries, whether traditional or emerging, labor-intensive or capital-intensive, all have room for development.

重要的是优化资源配置和产业布局，解决产能过剩、核心技术缺乏、产品附加值低的问题，解决低水平重复建设和地区产业结构趋同的问题。

The important task is to optimize resources allocation and industrial distribution, and solve the following problems: exce production capacity, the lack of core technology, products with low value-added, low-level and redundant industrial projects, and different regions having similar industrial structures.

必须加快改造提升传统产业，大力发展高新技术产业，提高产品质量和市场竞争力。

We must accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, energetically develop new- and high-tech industries, and raise product quality and competitivene.

要加强政策引导，鼓励企业跨行业跨区域跨所有制兼并重组，利用市场倒逼机制促进优胜劣汰。

We should strengthen policy guidance; encourage enterprise acquisitions and reorganizations acro industries, regions and forms of ownership; and allow market forces to determine enterprises\' succe or failure.

以扩大国内市场应用、重要关键技术攻关为重点，推动战略性新兴产业健康发展。 We should promote sound development of strategic emerging industries, with the focus on expanding their share in the domestic market and making breakthroughs in major and key technologies.

积极推动信息化和工业化融合，加快建设新一代信息基础设施，促进信息网络技术广泛应用。

We should promote the integration of IT application and industrialization, more quickly build next-generation information and communication infrastructure, and spread the use of information network technology.

坚持生产性服务业和生活性服务业并重，现代服务业和传统服务业并举，进一步发展壮大服务业。

We should develop and expand the service sector, and attach equal importance to producer and consumer service industries and to modern and traditional service industries.

要顺应人民群众对美好生活环境的期待，大力加强生态文明建设和环境保护。生态环境关系人民福祉，关乎子孙后代和民族未来。

In response to people\'s expectations of having a good living environment, we should greatly strengthen ecological improvement and environmental protection.The state of the ecological environment affects the level of people\'s well-being and also posterity and the future of our nation.

要坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，着力推进绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展。

We should adhere to the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment and endeavor to promote green, circular, and low-carbon development.

大力推进能源资源节约和循环利用，重点抓好工业、交通、建筑、公共机构等领域节能，控制能源消费总量，降低能耗、物耗和二氧化碳排放强度。

We should greatly boost the conservation and reuse of energy and resources, give priority to saving energy in industry, transportation and construction and in public institutions, restrict total energy consumption, and reduce energy and materials consumption and carbon dioxide emiions.

要加快调整经济结构和布局，抓紧完善标准、制度和法规体系，

We should speed up adjusting the economic structure and distribution and upgrading related standards, practices, and laws and regulations.

采取切实的防治污染措施，促进生产方式和生活方式的转变，

We should adopt effective measures to prevent and control pollution and change the way we work and live.

下决心解决好关系群众切身利益的大气、水、土壤等突出环境污染问题，改善环境质量，维护人民健康，用实际行动让人民看到希望。

We should resolve to solve the problems of serious air, water, and soil pollution that affect the people\'s vital interests; improve environmental quality, and safeguard people\'s health, and give the people hope through our concrete action.

要做好气象、地质、地震等方面工作，提高防灾减灾能力。

We should do our meteorological, geological and seismic work well and become better able to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.优化国土空间开发格局，合理控制开发强度，调整空间结构。

We should optimize development of the country\'s territory, carry out development at a proper pace and adjust its spatial layout.

加强海洋综合管理，发展海洋经济，提高海洋资源开发能力，保护海洋生态环境，维护国家海洋权益。

We should strengthen comprehensive marine management, develop the marine economy, become better able to exploit marine resources, protect the marine ecological environment, and safeguard China\'s maritime rights and interests.

要继续深入实施区域发展总体战略，促进区域经济协调发展。

We should continue to fully implement the master strategy for regional development and promote balanced development between regions. 充分发挥各地比较优势，统筹规划、分类指导，

We should make full use of the comparative strengths of each region, make plans comprehensively and give guidance tailored to different circumstances.

优先推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展，

We should give high priority to large-scale development of the western region, fully revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, spur the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.

加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区扶持力度，深入推进集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚。

We should increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas and alleviate poverty in contiguous areas with acute difficulties.

（二）强化农业农村发展基础，推动城乡发展一体化。

2.Strengthening the foundation for agriculture and rural development and promoting integrated urban and rural development

近些年是我国农业发展最快、农村面貌变化最大、农民得到实惠最多的时期。 In recent years, China\'s agriculture has developed faster, its rural areas have undergone more significant changes, and its rural residents have received more tangible benefits than in another period.

当前，农业农村发展进入一个新阶段，呈现出农业生产综合成本上升、农产品供求结构性矛盾突出、农村社会结构深刻变动、城乡发展加快融合的态势，

Agriculture and rural development in China have now entered a new stage in which overall agricultural production costs are rising, structural problems in the supply and demand of agricultural products are worsening, the rural social structure is undergoing profound changes, and integration of urban and rural development is speeding up.

全面建成小康社会的重点难点仍然在农村。

All the major and difficult problems that we face in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects are in rural areas.

必须坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全部工作的重中之重，这是历史经验的科学总结，既管当前，也管长远，是长期指导思想。

We must make solving iues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers the number one priority in all our work.This is a scientific conclusion drawn from our historical experience and a long-term guiding principle applicable to both the present and the future.

农村土地制度关乎农村的根本稳定，也关乎中国的长远发展，其核心是要保障农民的财产权益，底线是严守18亿亩耕地红线。

The rural land system is central to maintaining rural\' stability and ensuring China\'s long-term development.Its main purpose is to guarantee farmers\' property rights and interests, and its main objective is to ensure that China\'s farmland remains at or above the red line of 120 million hectares.

要坚持以家庭承包经营为基础，支持发展多种形式新型农民合作组织和多层次的农业社会化服务组织，逐步构建集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相结合的新型农业经营体系，

We should continue to make household contracts the basis of rural operations, support the development of new farmers\' cooperatives of various forms and multilevel commercial organizations that provide agricultural services, and gradually establish a new type of system of intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized.

始终注重保护法律赋予农民的财产权利，调动农民积极性。

We should always protect farmers\' legitimate property rights and keep them motivated.

毫不放松粮食生产，建设高标准基本农田，推广先进技术，增强农业综合生产能力，保障粮食和重要农产品的有效供给。

We should always give high priority to grain production, develop high-yield basic farmland, spread advanced technologies, increase overall agricultural production capacity, and effectively ensure the supply of grain and other important agricultural products.

要继续加大“三农”投入，加强农村基础设施建设和基本公共服务体系建设，推动城乡发展一体化，

We should continue to increase spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers; improve infrastructure and basic public services in rural areas; and promote integration of urban and rural development.

形成以工促农、以城带乡、工农互惠、城乡一体的新型工农、城乡关系。

We should build a new type of relations between industry and agriculture and between urban and rural areas in which industry promotes agriculture, urban areas support rural development, industry and agriculture reinforce each other, and urban development and rural development are integrated.

要采取有效措施，稳定农业生产经营队伍，积极培育新型农民。

We should take effective measures to keep the agricultural workforce stable and train a new type of farmers.

城镇化是我国现代化建设的历史任务，与农业现代化相辅相成。

Urbanization is a historical task in China\'s modernization drive, and urbanization and agricultural modernization complement each other.

要遵循城镇化的客观规律，积极稳妥推动城镇化健康发展。

We should conform to the objective law of urbanization and carry it out actively yet prudently.

坚持科学规划、合理布局、城乡统筹、节约用地、因地制宜、提高质量。

We should promote sound development of urbanization by making plans scientifically, balancing geographical distribution, coordinating urban and rural development, using land economically, and tailoring measures to local conditions.

特大城市和大城市要合理控制规模，充分发挥辐射带动作用；

Megacities and large cities should be kept at an appropriate scale and fully play their role in driving the development of their surrounding areas.

中小城市和小城镇要增强产业发展、公共服务、吸纳就业、人口集聚功能。 Small and medium-sized cities and small towns should become better able to develop industries, provide public services, create jobs, and attract residents.

加快推进户籍制度、社会管理体制和相关制度改革，有序推进农业转移人口市民化，逐步实现城镇基本公共服务覆盖常住人口，为人们自由迁徙、安居乐业创造公平的制度环境。

We should accelerate reform of the household registration system, the social management system and related institutions; register eligible rural workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner; progreively expand the coverage of basic public services in urban areas to all their permanent residents; and create an equitable institutional environment for freedom of movement and for people to live and work in contentment.

村庄建设要注意保持乡村风貌，营造宜居环境，使城镇化和新农村建设良性互动。 In improving village conditions, we should preserve their distinctive rural flavor, make their environment more livable, and ensure that urbanization and the building of a new countryside reinforce each other.三）以保障和改善民生为重点，全面提高人民物质文化生活水平。

3.Giving high priority to ensuring and improving people s wellbeing and comprehensively improving their material and cultural lives

2003年抗击突如其来的非典疫情给我们的重要启示之一，就是要统筹经济社会发展。这些年我们在发展经济的同时，更加重视保障改善民生和发展社会事业，政府工作力度之大、财政投入资金之多前所未有。

An important leon we learned in our response to the sudden outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 is that economic development and social development need to be coordinated.In developing the economy in the years since then, we have placed greater importance on ensuring and improving people\'s well-being and developing social programs, and the government has made greater efforts and provided more funding in this area than ever before.

经过不懈努力，我国经济社会发展的协调性明显增强。

These unremitting efforts have resulted in much better coordination of China\'s economic and social development.

当前社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局发生深刻变化，社会矛盾明显增多。 These unremitting efforts have resulted in much better coordination of China\'s economic and social development.

我们必须把保障和改善民生作为政府一切工作的出发点和落脚点，放在更加突出的位置，着力加强社会建设。

We must make ensuring and improving people\'s well-being the starting point and goal of all the government\'s work, give higher priority to it, and strive to strengthen social development.

千方百计扩大就业。坚持实施就业优先战略和更加积极的就业政策，

We should do all we can to increase employment.We should persevere in implementing the strategy of giving top priority to employment and adopt a more proactive employment policy.

通过稳定经济增长和调整经济结构增加就业岗位，加强职业技能培训，提高劳动者就业创业能力，

We should create more jobs by maintaining stable economic growth and adjusting the economic structure and provide better vocational skills training to help people to find jobs of start their own businees.

加大投入和政策支持，完善就业服务体系，鼓励创业带动就业，做好重点人群就业工作，促进城乡居民收入持续稳定增长。

We should increase government spending and policy support, improve the employment services system, stimulate employment by encouraging busine start-ups, aist target groups in finding jobs, and stimulate sustained, steady increases in urban and rural incomes.

完善社会保障制度。坚持全覆盖、保基本、多层次、可持续方针，

We should improve the social security system.We should continue to follow the policy of making coverage universal, ensuring basic care, and providing multilevel and sustainable social security.

不断扩大社会保障覆盖面，提高统筹层次和保障水平，加强各项制度的完善和衔接，增强公平性，适应流动性，保证可持续性。

We should expand the coverage of social security, turn over the overall management of social security accounts to higher-level authorities, raise social security benefits, improve and coordinate all social security programs, make social security more equitable and sustainable, and facilitate the smooth transfer of social security accounts between localities.

今年企业退休人员基本养老金继续提高10%，城乡低保和优抚对象补助标准也进一步提高。

This year, basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees should be raised by another 10%, and subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents and subsidies for entitled groups should also be further raised.

要加大对社会养老服务体系和儿童福利机构建设的支持力度。

Greater support should be given to developing child welfare agencies and the system of social services for the elderly.

深化医药卫生事业改革发展。巩固完善基本药物制度和基层医疗卫生机构运行新机制，加快公立医院改革，鼓励社会办医。

We should advance reform and development of medical and health care services, consolidate and improve the system for using basic drugs and the new operating mechanisms of community-level medical and health care institutions, speed up the reform of public hospitals, and encourage non-governmental bodies to operate hospitals.

扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展。

We should support development of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic minority medicine.

健全全民医保体系，建立重特大疾病保障和救助机制，全面开展儿童白血病等20种重大疾病保障试点工作。

We should improve the universal medical insurance system, establish a mechanism to provide insurance and aid for treating major and very serious diseases, and conduct a pilot project to insure against childhood leukemia and 20 other serious diseases.

今年新农合和城镇居民基本医疗保险财政补助标准由每人每年240元提高到280元，人均基本公共卫生服务经费标准由25元提高到30元。

This year, annual government subsidies for the new rural cooperative medical care system and basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents should be raised from 240 yuan to 280 yuan per person respectively, and the per person payment standard for basic public health services should be increased from 25 yuan to 30 yuan.

逐步完善人口政策。坚持计划生育基本国策，适应我国人口总量和结构变动趋势，统筹解决好人口数量、素质、结构和分布问题，促进人口长期均衡发展。

We should progreively improve the government population policy.We should adhere to the basic state policy on family planning.In response to changes in the size and structure of China\'s total population, we should comprehensively solve problems relating to the size, health, structure and geographical distribution of the population and promote long-term, balanced population development.

重视发展老龄事业，切实保障妇女和未成年人权益，关心和支持残疾人事业。 We should boost the development of elderly services, protect the rights and interests of women and minors, and take an interest in and support programs that benefit people with disabilities.

加强和创新社会管理。改进政府提供公共服务方式，加强基层社会管理和服务体系建设，完善村民自治、城市居民自治制度，保证人民群众依法直接行使民主权利，管理基层公共事务和公益事业。

We should strengthen and make innovations in social management.We should improve the way the government provides public services, strengthen the system of social management and services at the community level, and improve self-governance by villagers and urban residents, to ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law by managing community-level public affairs and running public service programs.

改革社会组织管理体制，引导社会组织健康有序发展。

We should reform the management system for social organizations, and guide their sound and orderly development.

建立健全维护群众权益机制，完善人民调解、行政调解、司法调解联动的工作体系，健全法律援助制度，推动涉法涉诉信访工作改革，

We should establish a sound mechanism for safeguarding people\'s rights and interests; improve the integrated system of mediation by the people, administrative mediation and judicial mediation; strengthen the system of legal aistance; and carry out reform of the handling of people\'s complaints about legal and litigation-related iues.

畅通和规范群众诉求表达、利益协调、权益保障渠道，

We should maintain open and regular channels for people to voice their demands, and we should coordinate the people\'s interests and protect their rights and interests.

健全重大决策社会稳定风险评估和突发事件应急管理机制，维护社会公共安全，促进社会和谐稳定。

We should improve the mechanism for aeing potential risks major policy decisions may pose to social stability and the emergency response mechanism.The purpose of all this work is to preserve law and order and promote social harmony and stability.

食品药品安全是人们关注的突出问题，要改革和健全食品药品安全监管体制，加强综合协调联动，

Food and drug safety is a prominent iue of widespread concern.We should reform and improve mechanisms for overseeing and supervising food and drug safety and strengthen overall coordination.

落实企业主体责任，严格从生产源头到消费的全程监管，加快形成符合国情、科学合理的食品药品安全体系，提升食品药品安全保障水平。

We should require enterprises to aume primary responsibility for safety, exercise strict oversight and supervision throughout the whole proce from production to consumption, and move faster to establish a scientific and effective food and drug safety system that suits China\'s national conditions so as to better ensure food and drug safety.

强化公共安全体系和企业安全生产基础建设，遏制重特大安全事故。

We should strengthen the public safety system and improve workplace safety conditions to prevent accidents, especially major and very serious ones.

加强房地产市场调控和保障性安居工程建设。坚决抑制投机、投资性需求，抓紧完善稳定房价工作责任制和房地产市场调控政策体系，健全房地产市场稳定健康发展长效机制。

We should tighten regulation of the real estate market and strengthen construction of government-subsidized housing.We need to firmly rein in speculative and investment-driven housing demand, promptly improve the accountability system for stabilizing housing prices and the policies for regulating the real estate market, and strengthen mechanisms for sustaining its steady and sound development.

继续抓好保障性安居工程建设和管理，让老百姓住上放心房、满意房。

We should continue to build and manage government-subsidized housing for the people so they have housing they are satisfied with.

今年城镇保障性住房基本建成470万套、新开工630万套，继续推进农村危房改造。 This year, 4.7 million government-subsidized urban housing units should be basically completed, construction of another 6.3 million units should begin, and renovation of dilapidated rural houses should continue.

教育和科技在现代化建设中具有基础性、先导性、全局性作用，文化是民族的血脉和人民的精神家园，必须放在更加重要的战略位置。

Education, science and technology playa fundamental, guiding and global role in the country\'s modernization drive, and culture is eential for the long-term vitality of a nation and gives the people a sense of belonging.They must therefore occupy a position of greater strategic importance.

继续推进教育优先发展。目前我国年度财政性教育经费支出总额已经超过2万亿元，今后还要继续增加，必须把这些钱用好，让人民满意。

We should continue to give top priority to developing education.China\'s annual government expenditures on education already exceed two trillion yuan and should continue to increase.We must make good use of such funding to the satisfaction of the people.

要进一步深化教育综合改革，切实解决社会普遍关注的重大问题。

We need to deepen comprehensive education reform and effectively solve major iues of public concern.

着力推动义务教育均衡发展，加快发展现代职业教育，提高各级各类教育质量，进一步促进教育公平，为国家发展提供强大的人力资源支撑。

We should boost balanced development of compulsory education, accelerate development of modem vocational education and raise the quality of education of all types and at all levels.This should help make education more equitable and provide strong human resources support for China\'s development.

深化科技体制改革。推动科技与经济紧密结合，着力构建以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系。

We should deepen reform of the management system for science and technology.We should integrate science and technology more closely with the economy, and establish a technological innovation system that is based on enterprises, guided by the market, and integrates enterprises, universities and research institutes.

第15篇：某年政府工作报告中英文下载[定稿]

XX年政府工作报告中英文下载

下面是整理的关于XX年政府工作报告中英全文摘抄部分，想看全文的同学可以点击下载XX年政府工作报告中英文全文!

XX年政府工作报告

Report on the Work of the Government

—— XX年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上

– Delivered at the Fifth Seion of the 12th National People’s Congre of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, XX

国务院总理李克强

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council 点击下载：XX年政府工作报告中英文

各位代表：

Esteemed Deputies,

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

一、XX年工作回顾

Let me begin with a review of our work in XX.

过去一年，我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民迎难而上，砥砺前行，推动经济社会持续健康发展。党的十八届六中全会正式明确习近平总书记的核心地位，体现了党和人民的根本利益，对保证党和国家兴旺发达、长治久安，具有十分重大而深远的意义。各地区、各部门不断增强政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识，推动全面建成小康社会取得新的重要进展，全面深化改革迈出重大步伐，全面依法治国深入实施，全面从严治党纵深推进，全年经济社会发展主要目标任务圆满完成，“十三五”实现了良好开局。

In the past year, China’s development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.

At the Sixth Plenary Seion of the 18th Party Central Committee, the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping was formally affirmed, which reflects the fundamental interests of the Party and the Chinese people, and is of crucial and farreaching significance for ensuring the flourishing and longterm stability of the Party and the country.All regions and all government departments have steadily strengthened their consciousne of the need to maintain political integrity, think in bigpicture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment.Pushing ahead with allaround efforts, we have achieved major progre in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, made important strides in deepening reform, continued to exercise lawbased governance, and made further progre in practicing strict Party selfgovernance; and we have accomplished the year’s main tasks and targets for economic and social development, and got the 13th FiveYear Plan off to a great start.

——经济运行缓中趋稳、稳中向好。国内生产总值达到万亿元，增长%，名列世界前茅，对全球经济增长的贡献率超过30%。居民消费价格上涨2%。工业企业利润由上年下降%转为增长%，单位国内生产总值能耗下降5%，经济发展的质量和效益明显提高。

· The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth.

——就业增长超出预期。全年城镇新增就业1314万人。高校毕业生就业创业人数再创新高。年末城镇登记失业率%，为多年来最低。13亿多人口的发展中大国，就业比较充分，十分不易。

· Employment growth exceeded projections.

· Continued advances were made in reform and opening up.

——经济结构加快调整。消费在经济增长中发挥主要拉动作用。服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重上升到%。高技术产业、装备制造业较快增长。农业稳中调优，粮食再获丰收。

· Economic structural adjustment was stepped up.

——发展新动能不断增强。创新驱动发展战略深入实施。科技领域取得一批国际领先的重大成果。新兴产业蓬勃兴起，传统产业加快转型升级。大众创业、万众创新广泛开展，全年新登记企业增长%，平均每天新增万户，加上个体工商户等，各类市场主体每天新增万户。新动能正在撑起发展新天地。

· New drivers of growth gained strength.

Further progre was made in pursuing the innovationdriven development strategy, and a number of worldleading achievements were made in science and technology.Emerging industries were thriving, and the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries accelerated.People were busy launching businees or making innovations, with a yearonyear increase in the number of new businees registeredan average of 15,000 new businees daily.With selfemployed traders and other market entities included we had an average of 45,000 new market entities launched per day.New growth drivers are opening new prospects for China’s development.

——基础设施支撑能力持续提升。高速铁路投产里程超过1900公里，新建改建高速公路6700多公里、农村公路29万公里。城市轨道交通、地下综合管廊建设加快。新开工重大水利工程21项。新增第四代移动通信用户亿、光缆线路550多万公里。

· Infrastructure became everbetter able to sustain development.

——人民生活继续改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长%。农村贫困人口减少1240万，易地扶贫搬迁人口超过240万。棚户区住房改造600多万套，农村危房改造380多万户。国内旅游快速增长，出境旅游超过亿人次，城乡居民生活水平有新的提高。

· Living standards were improved.

我国成功主办二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，推动取得一系列开创性、引领性、机制性重要成果，在全球经济治理中留下深刻的印记。

China succefully hosted the G20 XX Hangzhou Summit, and helped to deliver a number of important pioneering, leading, and institutional outcomes, thus doing its part for global economic governance.

回顾过去一年，走过的路很不寻常。我们面对的是世界经济和贸易增速7年来最低、国际金融市场波动加剧、地区和全球性挑战突发多发的外部环境，面对的是国内结构性问题突出、风险隐患显现、经济下行压力加大的多重困难，面对的是改革进入攻坚期、利益关系深刻调整、影响社会稳定因素增多的复杂局面。在这种情况下，经济能够稳住很不容易，出现诸多向好变化更为难得。这再次表明，人民有勇气、有智慧、有能力战胜任何艰难险阻，经济有潜力、有韧性、有优势，的发展前景一定会更好。

XX was an unusual year in our country’s development.China was confronted with an external environment in which the world saw the lowest economic and trade growth in seven years, growing volatility in global financial markets, and sudden and frequent regional and global challenges.Domestically, China faced multiple difficulties: major structural problems, prominent risks and dangers, and mounting downward preure on the economy.China found itself in a complex environment as reform entered a critical stage, profound changes took place affecting interests, and factors impacting social stability grew.

Given all these factors, it was not easy for us to maintain stable economic performance.And yet we succeeded, and even managed to make progre on many fronts.Once again, this shows that we the Chinese people have the courage, ingenuity, and ability to overcome any difficulty or hardship.It also shows that the Chinese economy poees potential, resilience, and strengths, so we can be sure there is even better development ahead for China.

一年来，我们主要做了以下工作。

I will now move on to discu our main work last year:

一是继续创新和加强宏观调控，经济运行保持在合理区间。去年宏观调控面临多难抉择，我们坚持不搞“大水漫灌”式强刺激，而是依靠改革创新来稳增长、调结构、防风险，在区间调控基础上，加强定向调控、相机调控。积极的财政政策力度加大，增加的财政赤字主要用于减税降费。全面推开营改增试点，全年降低企业税负5700多亿元，所有行业实现税负只减不增。制定实施中央与地方增值税收入划分过渡方案，确保地方既有财力不变。扩大地方政府存量债务置换规模，降低利息负担约4000亿元。稳健的货币政策灵活适度，广义货币M2增长%，低于13%左右的预期目标。综合运用多种货币政策工具，支持实体经济发展。实施促进消费升级措施。出台鼓励民间投资等政策，投资出现企稳态势。分类调控房地产市场。加强金融风险防控，人民币汇率形成机制进一步完善，保持了在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，维护了国家经济金融安全。

First,we continued to develop new and more effective ways of carrying out regulationat the macro level, thus keeping the economy performing within an appropriate range.

Lastyear, we faced difficult choices in conducting macrolevel regulation, but westood firm in not adopting strong stimulus policies that would have had aneconomywide impact, and strived instead to maintain steady growth, adjust the structure, and guard against risks through reform and innovation.We strengthened targeted and welltimed regulation on the basis of rangebasedregulation.

Moreproactive fiscal policy was pursued, and the increase in the fiscal deficit wasused mainly to cover tax and fee cuts.The trial replacement of busine taxwith value added tax (VAT) was extended to cover all sectors, slashing the taxburden of businees for the year by over 570 billion yuan and reducing taxburdens in every sector.A transitional plan for sharing VAT revenue betweenthe central and local governments was formulated and implemented to ensurefinancial resources of local governments remained unchanged.More local government bonds were iued to replace outstanding debts, reducing interest payments by roughly 400 billion yuan.

Aprudent monetary policy was pursued in a flexible and appropriate manner.TheM2 money supply increased by percent, below our projected target of around13 percent.We used a range of monetary policy tools to support the developmentof the real economy.

Measures were taken to upgrade consumption.We unveiled policies to encourage privateinvestment, and saw investment begin to stabilize.We strengthened efforts to manage financial risks.The RMB exchange rate regime continued to improve, and the exchange rate remained generally stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level.We also exercised categorybased regulation over the real estate market.By doing this, we have safeguarded China’s economic and financial security.

第16篇：政府工作报告中英文对照版翻译鉴赏

政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2015 年 3 月 5 日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上

Delivered at the Third Seion of the 12th National People's Congre

on March 5, 201

5 国务院总理李克强

Li Keqiang

Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies,

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval, and I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).一、2014 年工作回顾

I.A Review of the Work in 2014

过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。全球经济复苏艰难曲折，主要经济体走势分化。国内经济下行压力持续加大，多重困难和挑战相互交织。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民万众一心，克难攻坚，完成了全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，全面深化改革实现良好开局，全面推进依法治国开启新征程，全面建成小康社会又迈出坚实步伐。

Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging.The road to global economic recovery has been rough, with many ups and downs, and the performance of the major economies has been divergent Downward preure on China's economy has continued to mount, and we have faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges.

一年来，我国经济社会发展总体平稳，稳中有进。“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。

增速稳，国内生产总值达到 63.6 万亿元，比上年增长 7.4%，在世界主要经济体中名列前茅。就业稳，城镇新增就业1322 万人，高于上年。价格稳，居民消费价格上涨 2%。“进”的总体特征是，发展的协调性和可持续性增强。经济结构有新的优化，粮食产量达到1.21 万亿斤，消费对经济增长的贡献率上升3 个百分点，达到51.2%，服务业增加值比重由 46.9%提高到 48.2% ，新产业、新业态、新商业模式不断涌现。中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长 8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过 2%，能耗强度下降 4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。人民生活有新的改善，全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长 8%，快于经济增长;农村居民人均可支配收入实际增长 9.2%，快于城镇居民收入增长;农村贫困人口减少 1232万人;6600 多万农村人口饮水安全问题得到解决;出境旅游超过 1 亿人次。改革开放有新的突破，全面深化改革系列重点任务启动实施，本届政府减少 1/3 行政审批事项的目标提前实现。

■ The growth rate was steady China's GDP reached 63.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year, making China one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world.

■ Employment remained robust, with 13.22 million new urban jobs created, which is higher than the figure for the previous year.■ Prices were stable, with the CPI rising by 2%.

■ The underlying feature demonstrating progre is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable.

■ The economic structure was upgraded.Grain output reached 605 million metric tons; the contribution of consumption toward economic growth rose by three percentage points to 51.2%; the value added of the service sector increased from 46.9% to 48.2% of the GDP; and there was a constant stream of new industries, new types of busine, and new busine models.The central and western regions grew faster in economic terms than the eastern region.

■ The quality of development was raised.Revenue in the general public budgets grew by 8.6%.Research and development spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP.Energy intensity was cut by 4.8%, the biggest reduction made in recent years.

■ People's lives were improved.Per capita disposable personal income increased by 8% in real terms nationwide, growing faster than the economy, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents grew by 9.2%), outpacing that of those living in urban areas.In rural areas, the number of people living in poverty was reduced by 12.32 million, and over 66 million more people gained acce to safe drinking water.The number of outbound trips made by Chinese tourists exceeded 100 million.

■ New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.A series of key tasks for comprehensively deepening reform were launched, and the goal of the current administration to cut the number of items that require government review by one third was achieved ahead of schedule.

这份成绩单的确来之不易，它凝聚着全国各族人民的心血和汗水，坚定了我们奋勇前行的决心和信心。

过去一年，困难和挑战比预想的大。我们迎难而上，主要做了以下工作。

Over the past year, we have faced more difficulties and challenges than anticipated.We have risen to the challenge and accomplished the following in our work.

一是在区间调控基础上实施定向调控，保持经济稳定增长。面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。把握经济运行合理区间的上下限，抓住发展中的突出矛盾和结构性问题，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精准发力。向促改革要动力，向调结构要助力，向惠民生要潜力，既扩大市场需求，又增加有效供给，努力做到结构调优而不失速。

First, on the basis of range-based macro regulation, m exercised targeted regulation to keep the economy growing steadily.

有效实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。实行定向减税和普遍性降费，拓宽小微企业税收优惠政策范围，扩大"营改增"试点。加快财政支出进度，积极盘活存量资金。灵活运用货币政策工具，采取定向降准、定向再贷款、非对称降息等措施，加大对经济社会发展薄弱环节的支持力度，小微企业、"三农"贷款增速比各项贷款平均增速分别高 4.2 和 O.7 个百分点。同时，完善金融监管，坚决守住不发生区域性系统性风险的底线。

We have been effectively implementing proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy.We increased targeted tax reductions, reduced fees acro the board, extended the coverage of tax relief policies to benefit more small and micro businees, and expanded the trials to replace busine tax with VAT to cover more industries.We sped up the proce of making budgetary funds available for fiscal expenditures and put surplus budgetary funds to good use.By flexibly utilizing monetary policy instruments, making targeted cuts to required reserve ratios, carrying out targeted re-lending, and making asymmetric interest rate cuts, we stepped up support for weaker areas in economic and social development.Increases in loans made to small and micro businees, and loans for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, outdid the average increase in loans overall by 4.2 and 0.7 percentage points respectively.At the same time, regulation of the financial sector was improved and regional and systemic risks were forestalled.

二是深化改革开放，激发经济社会发展活力。针对束缚发展的体制机制障碍，我们通过全面深化改革，以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力，啃了不少硬骨头，经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等体制改革全面推进。

Second we deepened reform and opening up and invigorated economic and social development.

扎实推动重点改革。制定并实施深化财税体制改革总体方案，预算管理制度和税制改革取得重要进展，专项转移支付项目比上年减少 1/3 以上，一般性转移支付比重增加，地方政府性债务管理得到加强。存款利率和汇率浮动区间扩大，民营银行试点迈出新步伐，“沪港通”试点启动，外汇储备、保险资金运用范围拓展。能源、交通、环保、通信等领域价格改革加快。启动科技资金管理、考试招生、户籍、机关事业单位养老保险制度等改革。

We have made solid progre in key reforms.We formulated and implemented a coordinated plan for deepening the reform of the fiscal and tax: systems.Important progre was made in the reform of the budgetary management and tax systems.The number of items receiving special transfer payments was over one third le than that of the previous year, and the proportion of transfer payments for general purposes was increased.Management of local government debt was strengthened.The floating ranges of interest rates on deposits and exchange rates were expanded.New steps were taken in the trials to establish private banks.The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect was launched on a trial basis.The scope for using foreign exchange reserves and insurance funds was broadened.Price reforms in energy, transport, environmental protection, and communications were accelerated.We launched reforms to the system for managing research and development funding, the school examination andenrollment systems, the household registration system, and the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions.

继续把简政放权、放管结合作为改革的重头戏。国务院各部门全年取消和下放 246 项行政审批事项，取消评比达标表彰项目29 项、职业资格许可和认定事项 149 项，再次修订投资项目核准目录，大幅缩减核准范围。着力改革商事制度，新登记注册市场主体达到 1293 万户，其中新登记注册企业增长 45.9 % 形成新的创业热潮。经济增速放缓，新增就业不降反增，显示了改革的巨大威力和市场的无限潜力。

We have continued to give the central stage in reform to streamlining administration arid delegating more powers to lower-level governments and to society in general while improving regulation.Over the course of the year, departments under the State Council cancelled the requirement of or delegated the power for review on 246 items.We cancelled 29 performance evaluations, inspections on the meeting of standards, and commendations, and 149 verifications and approvals of vocational qualifications.We again revised and significantly shortened the list of investment projects requiring government review.We channeled great effort into the reform of the busine system.The number of newly registered market entities reached 12.93 million, with that of enterprises increasing by 45.9%, creating a fresh surge of entrepreneurial activity.While economic growth slowed down, more jobs were created, which fully demonstrates both the tremendous power of reform and the endle potential of the market.以开放促改革促发展。扩展上海自由贸易试验区范围，新设广东、天津、福建自由贸易试验区。稳定出口，增加进口，出口占国际市场份额继续提升。实际使用外商直接投资 1196 亿美元，居世界首位。对外直接投资 1029 亿美元，与利用外资并驾齐驱。中国与冰岛、瑞士自贸区启动实施，中韩、中澳自贸区完成实质性谈判。铁路、电力、油气、通信等领域对外合作取得重要成果，中国装备正大步走向世界。

三是加大结构调整力度，增强发展后劲。在结构性矛盾突出的情况下，我们积极作为，有扶有控，多办当前急需又利长远的事，务实经济社会发展根基。

Third, we stepped up structural adjustments to make China’s development more sustainable.

Work was done to strengthen the foundations of agriculture.We increased policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards.Grain output increased for the 11th consecutive year, and the income of rural residents grew faster than that of urban residents for the fifth year running.Overall agricultural production capacity was steadily improved.Agricultural science and technology continued to be strengthened, and agriculture was further mechanized.The pace of progre in the construction of major water conservancy projects was stepped up.Farmland under water-saving irrigation was increased by 2.23 million hectares.An additional 230,000 kilometers of roads were built of upgraded in rural areas.We launched a new round of efforts to return more marginal farmland to forest or graland.The work to determine, register, and certify contracted rural land-use rights proceeded as planned, and new types of agricultural businees registered faster growth.

大力调整产业结构。着力培育新的增长点，促进服务业加快发展，支持发展移动互联网、集成电路、高端装备制造、新能源汽车等战略性新兴产业，互联网金融异军突起，电子商务、物流快递等新业态快速成长，众多"创客"脱颖而出，文化创意产业蓬勃发展。同时，继续化解过剩产能，钢铁、水泥等 15 个重点行业淘汰落后产能年度任务如期完成。加强雾噩治理，淘汰黄标车和老旧车指标超额完成。

We channeled great energy into making adjustments in the structure of industry.We focused on fostering new areas of growth by encouraging the service sector to develop more quickly, and supporting the development of strategic emerging industries, including the mobile Internet industry, the integrated circuits industry, high-end equipment manufacturing, and the new-energy vehicles industry.Internet-based finance rose swiftly to prominence.B-commerce, logistics, expre delivery services and other emerging businees developed rapidly.We have seen creators coming thick and fast, and the cultural and creative industries have been developing with great vitality.At the same time, we continued to cut overcapacity.Fifteen key industries including steel and cement achieved their task for the year of shutting down outdated production facilities as scheduled.We stepped up efforts to prevent and control smog and surpaed this year's targets for removing high-emiion and old vehicles from the roads.推进基础设施建设和区域协调发展。京津冀协同发展、长江经济带建设取得重要进展。新建铁路投产里程 8427 公里，高速铁路运营里程达1.6 万公里，占世界的 60% 以上。高速公路通车里程达 11.2 万公里，水路、民航、管道建设进一步加强。农网改造稳步进行。宽带用户超过 7.8亿户。经过多年努力，南水北调中线一期工程正式通水，惠及沿线亿万群众。

Progre was made in developing infrastructure and promoting coordinated development among regions.Significant progre was made in coordinated development for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and in building the Yangtze Economic Belt.An additional 8,427 kilometers of railway lines were put into operation.The length of high-speed railways that are up and running in China reached 16,000 kilometers, accounting for more than 60% of the world's total.The length of the country's expreways open to traffic grew to total 112,000 kilometers.Waterways, civil aviation, and pipelines were all further developed.Steady progre was made in upgrading rural power grids.The number of broadband Internet users exceeded 780 million.Thanks to many years of hard work, the first phase of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was officially put into operation, benefiting millions of people along the route.

Fourth, we worked on developing a tightly woven and sturdy safety net to secure and improve living standards.

我们坚持以人为本，持续增加民生投入，保基本、兜底线、建机制，尽管财政收入增速放缓、支出压力加大，但财政用于民生的比例达到70%以上。

We continued to put people first, sustaining increases to spending in areas that are important to improving standards of living.We have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements.Despite a slowdown in the growth of government revenue and increased preure on expenditures, more than 70% of last year's government budget was spent on ensuring standards of living.

加强就业和社会保障。完善就业促进政策，推出创业引领计划，高校毕业生就业稳中有升。统一城乡居民基本养老保险制度，企业退休人员基本养老金水平又提高10%。新开工保障性安居工程 740万套，基本建成511万套。全面建立临时救助制度，城乡低保标准分别提高9.97%和14.1%，残疾军人、烈属和老复员军人等优抚对象抚恤和生活补助标准提高20%以上。

继续促进教育公平。加强贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校建设，提高家庭经济困难学生资助水平，国家助学贷款资助标准大幅上调。中等职业学校免学费补助政策扩大到三年。实行义务教育免试就近入学政策，28 个省份实现了农民工随迁子女在流入地参加高考。贫困地区农村学生上重点高校人数连续两年增长 10%以上。经过努力，全国财政性教育经费支出占国内生产总值比例超过 4%。

We continued to make progre in securing fair acce to education.We strengthened efforts to improve badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, increased financial aid to students from poor families, and significantly increased the amount available per eligible student for national study aistance loans.The scheme to subsidize the waiving of tuition fees at schools providing secondary vocational education was extended to cover three years of study.Policies have been introduced to ensure that children can receive compulsory education at schools close to where they live without having to take entrance exams, and 28 provincial-level administrative areas began to allow children who live with their migrant worker parents to take the college entrance exam in their cities of residence.The number of students from poor rural areas who were newly enrolled in key colleges and universities increased by more than 10% for the second year running.Through hard work, government spending on education has come to reach over 4% of GDP.

积极发展文化事业和文化产业。推动重大文化惠民项目建设，广播电视“村村通”工程向“户户通”级。实施文艺精品战略，完善现代文化市场体系。群众健身活动蓬勃开展，成功举办南京青奥会。

五是创新社会浩盟，但进和谐稳定。我们妥善应对自然灾害和突发事件，有序化解社会矛盾，建立健全机制，强化源头防范，保障人民生命安全，维护良好的社会秩序。

Fifth, we have been developing new forms of social governance, and promoting social harmony and stability.

我们大力推进依法行政，国务院提请全国人大常委会制定修订食品安全法等法律 15 件，制定修订企业信息公示暂行条例等行政法规 38件。政务公开深入推进，政府重大决策和政策以多种形式向社会广泛征求意见。完成第三次全国经济普查。改革信访工作制度。法律援助范围从低保群体扩大到低收入群体。加强城乡社区建设，行业协会商会等四类社会组织实现直接登记。严厉打击各类犯罪活动，强化社会治安综合治理，维护了国家安全和公共安全。

我们严格落实党中央八项规定精神，持之以恒纠正“四风气严格执行国务院”“法三章”，政府性楼堂馆所、机关事业单位人员编制、“三公”经费得到有效控制。加大行政监察和审计监督力度，推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，严肃查处违纪违法案件，一批腐败分子得到应有惩处。

我们狠抓重大政策措施的落实，认真开展督查，引入第三方评估和社会评价，建立长效机制，有力促进了各项工作。

一年来，外交工作成果丰硕。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席二十国集团领导人峰会、金砖国家领导人会晤、上海合作组织峰会、东亚合作领导人系列会议、亚欧首脑会议、达沃斯论坛等重大活动。成功举办亚太经合组织第二十二次领导人非正式会议、亚信会议第四次峰会、博主主亚洲论坛。积极参与多边机制建立和国际规则制定。大国外交稳中有进，周边外交呈现新局面，同发展中国家合作取得新进展，经济外交成果显著。推进丝绸之路经济带和 21 世纪海上丝绸之路建设，筹建亚洲基础设施投资银行，设立丝路基金。我们与各国的交往合作越来越紧密，中国在国际舞台上负责任大国形象日益彰显。

Over the past year, Chinese diplomacy has been fruitful.President Xi Jinping and other state leaders visited many countries and attended major international events, including the G20 Leaders Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, the Asia-Europe Meeting, the Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2014 in Tianjin, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2015 in Davos4 Switzerland.China hosted the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the Fourth Summit of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia, and the Boao Forum for Asia.China has been participating actively in establishing multilateral mechanisms and writing international rules.We have made steady progre in developing relations with other major countries, entered a new phase in neighborhood diplomacy, and made new headway in our cooperation with other developing countries.Notable progre has been made in conducting economic diplomacy.Progre has been made in pursuing the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road initiatives; preparations have been made for establishing the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Silk Road Fund has been set up.China is engaging in more exchanges and cooperation with other countries, and is increasingly recognized as a major responsible country on the international stage.各位代表!

Fellow Deputies,

一年来取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽全局、科学决策的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民共同努力、不懈奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢!向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢!向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢!

We owe the achievements of the past year to the overall planning and sound policymaking of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary and to the concerted and unremitting efforts of all members of the Party and the armed forces, and all of China's people.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to expre our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to the non-CPC parties, people's organizations, and people from all sectors of society.We would like to expre our heartfelt appreciation to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.We also wish to expre true gratitude to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who show understanding for arid support China in its endeavor to modernize.

我们既要看到成绩，更要看到前进中的困难和挑战。投资增长乏力，新的消费热点不多，国际市场没有大的起色，稳增长难度加大，一些领域仍存在风险隐患。工业产品价格持续下降，生产要素成本上升，小微企业融资难融资贵问题突出，部分企业生产经营困难。经济发展方式比较粗放，创新能力不足，产能过剩问题突出，农业基础薄弱。群众对医疗、养老、住房、交通、教育、收入分配、食品安全、社会治安等还有不少不满意的地方。有些地方环境污染严重，重大安全事故时有发生。政府工作还存在不足，有些政策措施落实不到位。少数政府机关工作人员乱作为，一些腐败问题触目惊心，有的为官不为，在其位不谋其政，该办的事不办。我们要直面问题，安不忘危，治不忘乱，勇于担当，不辱历史使命，不负人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we must also be mindful of the difficulties and challenges on the road ahead:

■ Growth in investment is sluggish; the number of new areas of strong consumer activity is limited; there is no sign the international market is about to significantly pick up; maintaining stable growth is becoming more difficult, and there are still latent risks in some areas.■ The prices of manufactured products are continuing to fall; the costs of factors of production are on the rise; small and micro businees are finding it difficult and costly to obtain financing; and the going is tough for some enterprises.

■ China's economic growth model remains inefficient; our capacity for innovation is insufficient; overcapacity is a pronounced problem, and the foundation of agriculture is weak.

■ There are still many problems of public concern in medical services, elderly care, housing, transport, education, incom

e distribution, food safety, and law and order.Environmental pollution is serious in some localities, and major accidents in the workplace are not uncommon.

■ There is still much to be improved in the work of the government, with some policies and measures not being satisfactorily implemented.A small number of government employees behave irresponsibly; shocking cases of corruption still exist; and some government officials are neglectful of their duties, holding onto their jobs while failing to fulfill their responsibilities.

二、2015 年工作总体部署

II.The Plan for Work in 2015

我国是世界上最大的发展中国家，仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，发展是硬道理，是解决一切问题的基础和关键。化解各种矛盾和风险，跨越“中等收入陷阱”，实现现代化，根本要靠发展，发展必须有合理的增长速度。同时，我国经济发展进入新常态，正处在爬坡过坎的关口，体制机制弊端和结构性矛盾是“拦路虎”，不深化改革和调整经济结构，就难以实现平稳健康发展。我们必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心，切实抓好发展这个执政兴国第一要务。必须坚持不懈依靠改革推动科学发展，加快转变经济发展方式，实现有质量有效益可持续的发展。

China is the largest developing country in the world; it is still in the primary stage of socialism, where it will remain for a long time to come.At this stage, development is of primary importance to China; it is both the basis for and the key to solving every problem we face.In order to defuse problems arid risks, avoid falling into the "middle-income trap," and achieve modernization, China must rely on development, and development requires an appropriate growth rate.At the same time, China's economic development has entered a new normal.Our country is in a crucial period during which challenges need to be overcome and problems need to be resolved.Systemic, institutional, and structural problems have become "tigers in the road" holding up development.Without deepening reform and making economic structural adjustments, we will have a difficult time sustaining steady and sound development.We must be adamant in pursuing economic development as our central task and make a thorough job of development as the top priority for ensuring the governance and revitalization of the country.We must continue to promote development in a sound and balanced way through reform and speed up the transformation of the growth model so as to achieve quality, efficient, and sustainable development.

当前，世界经济正处于深度调整之中，复苏动力不足，地缘政治影响加重，不确定因素增多，推动增长、增加就业、调整结构成为国际社会共识。我国经济下行压力还在加大，发展中深层次矛盾凸显，今年面临的困难可能比去年还要大。同时，我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期，有巨大的潜力、韧性和回旋余地。新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化持续推进，发展基础日益雄厚，改革红利正在释放，宏观调控积累了丰富经验。我们必须增强忧患意识，坚定必胜信念，牢牢把握发展的主动权。

At present, the world economy is undergoing profound adjustment, its recovery lacks drive, the influence of geopolitics is increasing, and there are a greater number of uncertainties at play Promoting growth, creating jobs, and making structural adjustments have become common goals for the international community.With downward preure on China's economy building and deep-seated problems in development surfacing, the difficulties we are to encounter in the year ahead may be even more formidable than those of last year.On the other hand, China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity during which great progre can be made in development.Our country's development has enormous potential and is hugely resilient, and we have ample room for growth.Steady progre is being made in the development of new types of industrialization, applications of information technologies, urbanization, and agricultural modernization; the foundation underpinning development is becoming stronger by the day; benefits of reform are being delivered as we speak; and we have gained much experience in conducting macro regulation.We must strengthen our awarene of latent problems while remaining fully confident and taking an active approach to development.

新的一年是全面深化改革的关键之年，是全面推进依法治国的开局之年，也是稳增长调结构的紧要之年。政府工作的总体要求是:高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会精神，贯彻落实习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，主动适应和引领经济发展新常态，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，保持经济运行在合理区间，着力提高经济发展质量和效益，把转方式调结构放到更加重要位置，狠抓改革攻坚，突出创新驱动，强化风险防控，加强民生保障，处理好改革发展稳定关系，全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，促进经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定。

■ hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

■ follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

■ comprehensively implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Party Congre and the third and fourth plenary seions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

■ put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major speeches;

■ actively adapt to and guide the new normal in China's economic development;

■ adhere to the general principle of seeking progre while keeping performance stable;

■ ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range;

■ focus on strengthening the quality and benefits of economic development;

■ give greater priority to transforming the growth model and making structural adjustments;

■ tackle tough problems of reform head on;

■ pursue innovation-driven development;

■ strengthen risk prevention and control;

■ strengthen safeguards for people's standard of living;

■ get the right balance between carrying out reform, pursuing development, and ensuring stability;

■ promote all-round socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement; and

■ achieve steady and sound economic development and ensure social harmony and stability.

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长7%左右，居民消费价格涨幅 3%左右，城镇新增就业 1000 万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内，进出口增长 6%左右，国际收支基本平衡，居民收入增长与经济发展同步。能耗强度下降3.1%以上，主要污染物排放继续减少。

We have set the main targets for China's economic and social development for this year as follows:

■ increase the GDP by approximately 7%;

■ keep the increase in the CPI at around 3%;

■ create over ten million jobs in urban areas;

■ ensure that the registered urban unemployment rate does not rise above 4.5%;

■ increase imports and exports by around 6%;

■ achieve a basic balance of payments;

■ ensure that personal incomes increase in step with economic development; and

■ cut energy intensity by 3.1%, and continue to reduce the emiions of major pollutants.

经济增长预期7%左右，考虑了需要和可能，与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，与经济总量扩大和结构升级的要求相适应，符合发展规律，符合客观实际。以这样的速度保持较长时期发展，实现现代化的物质基础就会更加雄厚。稳增长也是为了保就业，随着服务业比重上升、小微企业增多和经济体量增大，7%左右的速度可以实现比较充分的就业。各地要从实际出发，积极进取、拉掘潜力，努力争取更好结果。

The target growth rate of approximately 7% takes into consideration what is needed and what is poible.This target is both aligned with our goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and is appropriate in terms of the need to grow and upgrade our economy.It is also in keeping with the objective laws of development as well as conditions in China.If China's economy can grow at this rate for a relatively long time, we will secure a more solid material foundation for modernization.At the same time, the aim of maintaining stable growth is to ensure employment.As the service sector becomes larger, the number of small and micro businees grows, and the economy gains in size, a growth rate of approximately 7% will ensure ample employment.Local governments need to set targets based on local conditions, be fully motivated to make progre, and tap into their full potential so as to deliver better outcomes.

做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下三点。

To deliver a good performance in the work of the government this year, we need to concentrate on the following three areas:

第一，稳定和完善宏现经济政策。继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，更加注重预调微调，更加注重定向调控，用好增量，盘活存量，重点支持薄弱环节。以微观活力支撑宏观稳定，以供给创新带动需求扩大，以结构调整促进总量平衡，确保经济运行在合理区间。

Firs we need to ensure continuity in and make improvements to macroeconomic policies.

积极的财政政策要加力增效。今年拟安排财政赤字1.62 万亿元，比去年增加2700亿元，赤字率从去年的 2.1%提高到2.3%。其中，中央财政赤字1.12 万亿元，增加 1700 亿元;地方财政赤字 5000 亿元，增加 1000 亿元。处理好债务管理与稳增长的关系，创新和完善地方政府举债融资机制。适当发行专项债券。保障符合条件的在建项目后续融资，防范和化解风险隐患。优化财政支出结构，大力盘活存量资金，提高使用效率。继续实行结构性减税和普遍性降费，进一步减轻企业特别是小微企业负担。

Our proactive fiscal policy must sustain the momentum of economic growth and increase economic returns.The government budget deficit for 2015 is projected to be 1.62 trillion yuan, an increase of 270 billion yuan over last year, which means that the deficit to GDP ratio will rise from last year's 2.1% to 2.3%.Of this amount, the central government deficit will account for 1.12 trillion yuan, an increase of 170 billion yuan, and local government deficit will account for 500 billion yuan, an increase of 100 billion yuan.We need to find the right balance between managing debt and maintaining steady growth.We will develop and improve mechanisms for local governments to secure financing through bond iuance.We will allow local governments to iue an appropriate amount of special bonds, ensure continued financing for eligible projects already under construction, and guard against and defuse risks and latent dangers.We will improve the mix of budgetary spending, redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use, and strengthen the effectivene of government spending.We will continue to make structural tax reductions and cut fees acro the board so as to further lighten the burden on enterprises, particularly small and micro businees.稳健的货币政策要松紧适度。广义货币M2预期增长12%左右，在实际执行中，根据经济发展需要，也可以略高些。加强和改善宏观审慎管理，灵活运用公开市场操作、利率、存款准备金率、再贷款等货币政策工具，保持货币信贷和社会融资规模平稳增长。加快资金周转，优化信贷结构，提高直接融资比重，降低社会融资成本，让更多的金融活水流向实体经济。

第二，保持稳增长与调结构的平衡。我国发展面临“三期叠加”矛盾，资源环境约束力口大，劳动力等要素成本上升，高投入、高消耗、偏重数量扩张的发展方式已经难以为继，必须推动经济在稳定增长中优化结构。既要稳住速度，确保经济平稳运行，确保居民就业和收入持续增加，为调结构转方式创造有利条件;又要调整结构，务实稳增长的基础。要增加研发投入，提高全要素生产率，加强质量、标准和品牌建设，促进服务业和战略性新兴产业比重提高、水平提升，优化经济发展空间格局，加快培育新的增长点和增长极，实现在发展中升级、在升级中发展。

Second, we need to maintain a proper balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments.

At the same time, structural adjustments must be made to consolidate the foundation for ensuring steady growth.We need to increase research and development spending, raise total factor productivity, improve quality, standards, and brand-building, strengthen the service sector and strategic emerging industries and increase their share of the economy, improve the Overall structure of economic growth, and work harder to foster new areas of growth and growth poles.With these efforts, we can ensure that economic upgrading and development reinforce each other.

第三，培育和催生经济社会发展新动力。当前经济增长的传统动力减弱，必须加大结构性改革力度，加快实施创新驱动发展战略，改造传统引擎，打造新引擎。一方面，增加公共产品和服务供给，加大政府对教育、卫生等的投入，鼓励社会参与，提高供给效率。这既能补短板、惠民生，也有利于扩需求、促发展。另一方面，推动大众创业、万众创新。这既可以扩大就业、增加居民收入，又有利于促进社会纵向流动和公平正义。我国有 13亿人口、9 亿劳动力资源，人民勤劳而智慧，蕴藏着无穷的创造力，千千万万个市场细胞活跃起来，必将汇聚成发展的巨大动能，一定能够顶住经济下行压力，让中国经济始终充满勃勃生机。政府要勇于自我革命，给市场和社会留足空间，为公平竞争搭好舞台。个人和企业要勇于创业创新，全社会要厚植创业创新文化，让人们在创造财富的过程中，更好地实现精神追求和自身价值。

Third, we need to nurture and hasten the birth of a new force for driving economic and- social development.

China has a population of 1.3 billion and a workforce of 900 million.Our people are hardworking and talented, and there is no limit to their ingenuity.When an abundance of market cells spring into life, they will form a mighty driving force for development, ensuring China's economy remains resilient in spite of the downward preure on it, and continues to be full of life and dynamism.The government should be bold in imposing a reform on itself so as to leave ample space for the market and society to play their respective roles and level the playing field for fair competition- Individuals and enterprises must have the mettle to promote their busine development and make innovations, and our society needs to nurture a culture of entrepreneurs hip and innovation.In this way, while creating wealth, people will be able to meet their cultural and intellectual needs and realize their full potential in life.

三、把改革开放扎实推向纵深

III.Deepening Reform and Opening Up

加大简政放权、放管结合改革力度。今年再取消和下放一批行政审批事项，全部取消非行政许可审批，建立规范行政审批的管理制度。深化商事制度改革，进一步简化注册资本登记，逐步实现“三证合一”，清理规范中介服务。制定市场准入负面清单，公布省级政府权力清单、责任清单，切实做到法无授权不可为、法定职责必须为。地方政府对应当放给市场和社会的权力，要彻底放、不截留，对上级下放的审批事项，要接得住、管得好。加强事中事后监管，健全为企业和社会服务一张网，推进社会信用体系建设，建立全国统一的社会信用代码制度和信用信息共享交换平台，依法保护企业和个人信息安全。大道至筒，有权不可任性。各级政府都要建立简政放权、转变职能的有力推进机制，给企业松绑，为创业提供便利，营造公平竞争环境。所有行政审批事项都要简化程序，明确时限，用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法”。

We will do more to streamline administration and delegate more powers to lower-level governments and to society in general while improving regulation.

It goes without saying that powers should not be held without good reason.Governments at all levels need to adopt effective Ways to streamline administration, delegate powers, and transform their functions, creating an enabling environment for enterprises, making it easier to start up in busine, and creating the right environment for fair competition.Procedures and procees must be simplified and time frames must be clarified for all itemsrequiring administrative review, and cuts to government power will be made to boost market vitality.

多管齐下改革提融资体制。大幅缩减政府核准投资项目范围，下放核准权限。大幅减少投资项目前置审批，实行项目核准网上并联办理。大幅放宽民间投资市场准入，鼓励社会资本发起设立股权投资基金。政府采取投资补助、资本金注入、设立基金等办法，引导社会资本投入重点项目。以用好铁路发展基金为抓手，深化铁路投融资改革。在基础设施、公用事业等领域，积极推广政府和社会资本合作模式。

We will take multiple measures to reform the investment and financing systems.

不失时机加快价格改革。改革方向是发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，大幅缩减政府定价种类和项目，具备竞争条件的商品和服务价格原则上都要放开。取消绝大部分药品政府定价，下放一批基本公共服务收费定价权。扩大输配电价改革试点，推进农业水价改革，健全节能环保价格政策。完善资源性产品价格，全面实行居民阶梯价格制度。同时必须加强价格监管，规范市场秩序，确保低收入群众基本生活。

We will take timely action to accelerate price reform.

This reform is aimed at ensuring the market plays the decisive role in allocating resources and significantly reducing the number of categories and items of goods and services for which prices are set by the government.In principle, we will lift pricing controls over all goods and services that can viably compete in markets.The government will stop setting prices for most pharmaceuticals arid delegate to lower-level governments the power to set prices for certain basic public services.We will expand the trials of pricing reforms for electricity transmiion and distribution, carry out pricing reforms for water used in agriculture, and improve pricing policies to make them more conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection.We will improve the pricing of resource products and fully implement a system of tiered pricing for electricity, water, and natural gas used for household purposes.At the same time, we must strengthen oversight over pricing, improve market order, and ensure the basic living standards of people on low incomes.

推动财税体制改革取得新进展。实行全面规范、公开透明的预算管理制度，除法定涉密信息外，中央和地方所有部门预决算都要公开，全面接受社会监督。提高国有资本经营预算调入一般公共预算的比例。推行中期财政规划管理。制定盘活财政存量资金的有效办法。力争全面完成“营改增”，调整完善消费税政策，扩大资源税从价计征范围。提请修订税收征管法。改革转移支付制度，完善中央和地方的事权与支出责任，合理调整中央和地方收入划分。

We will ensure that progre is made' in the reform of the fiscal and tax systems.

We will put in place a comprehensive, well-regulated, open, and transparent budgeting system.With the exception of cases where claified information is involved, all central and local government departments must release their budgets and final accounts for public oversight.We will increase the percentage of funds transferred from the budgets for state capital operations to general public budgets.We will introduce medium-term fiscal planning.We will design effective measures to make good use of government funds at hand.

围绕服务实体经济推进金融改革。推动具备条件的民间资本依法发起设立中小型银行等金融机构，成熟一家，批准一家，不设限额。深化农村信用社改革，稳定其县域法人地位。发挥好开发性金融、政策性金融在增加公共产品供给中的作用。推出存款保险制度。推进利率市场化改革，健全中央银行利率调控框架。保持人民币汇率处于合理均衡水平，增强人民币汇率双向浮动弹性。稳步实现人民币资本项目可兑换，扩大人民币国际使用，加快建设人民币跨境支付系统，完善人民币全球清算服务体系，开展个人投资者境外投资试点，适时启动“深港通”试点。加强多层次资本市场体系建设，实施股票发行注册制改革，发展服务中小企业的区域性股权市场，推进信贷资产证券化，扩大企业债券发行规模，发展金融衍生品市场。推出巨灾保险、个人税收递延型商业养老保险。创新金融监管，防范和化解金融风险。大力发展普惠金融，让所有市场主体都能分享金融服务的雨露甘霖。

We will move ahead with financial reform to better serve the real economy.

A deposit insurance system will be established.We will further liberalize interest rates and improve the central bank's framework for their regulation.We will work to keep the RMB exchange rate at an appropriate and balanced level and allow it to float more freely.We will make steady progre in realizing the convertibility of the RMB capital accounts, expand the use of the RMB internationally, accelerate the establishment of a cro-border payment system for die RMB, improve the; worldwide clearing system for the RMB, pilot private overseas investment, and launch the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect on a trial basis at an appropriate time.

深化国企国资改革。准确界定不同国有企业功能，分类推进改革。加快国有资本投资公司、运营公司试点，打造市场化运作平台，提高国有资本运营效率。有序实施国有企业混合所有制改革，鼓励和规范投资项目引入非国有资本参股。加快电力、油气等体制改革。多渠道解决企业办社会负担和历史遗留问题，保障职工合法权益。完善现代企业制度，改革和健全企业经营者激励约束机制。要加强国有资产监管，防止固有资产流失，切实提高国有企业的经营效益。

We will deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and state capital.

The non-public sector is an important component of China's economy.We will remain firmly committed to encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of this sector, work to enable entrepreneurs to give full expreion to their talent, put into effect all policies and measures encouraging the development of the private sector, strengthen the vitality of enterprises under all types of ownership, and protect the property rights of all types of enterprise-legal persons in accordance with the law.

开放也是改革。必须实施新一轮高水平对外开放，加快构建开放型经济新体制，以开放的主动赢得发展的主动、国际竞争的主动。

推动外贸转型升级。完善出口退税负担机制，增量部分由中央财政全额负担，让地方和企业吃上“定心丸”。清理规范进出口环节收费，建立并公开收费项目清单。实施培育外贸竞争新优势的政策措施，促进加工贸易转型，发展外贸综合服务平台和市场采购贸易，扩大跨境电子商务综合试点，增加服务外包示范城市数量，提高服务贸易比重。实施更加积极的进口政策，扩大先进技术、关键设备、重要零部件等进口。

We will transform and upgrade China's foreign trade.

We will improve the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments with the central government paying all this year's increase over last year for the benefit of local governments and exporting enterprises.We will overhaul and regulate charges for imports and exports, and establish and release a complete list of such charges.We will implement policies and measures to enable China's foreign trade to develop new competitive edges, facilitatethe transformation of proceing trade, develop market purchase trade and a comprehensive service platform for foreign trade, expand comprehensive trials in cro-border e-commerce, turn more cities into trendsetters in undertaking services outsourced by other countries, and increase the share of service trade in China's foreign trade.We will adopt a more active import policy to increase the import of advanced technology, key equipment, and important parts and components.更加和极有效利用外资。修订外商投资产业指导目录，重点扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，把外商投资限制类条目缩减一半。全面推行普遍备案、有限核准的管理制度，大幅下放鼓励类项目核准权，积极探索准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理模式。修订外商投资相关法律，健全外商投资监管体系，打造稳定公平透明可预期的营商环境。

We will take a more active, more effective approach to making me of foreign capital.

加快实施走出去战略。鼓励企业参与境外基础设施建设和产能合作，推动铁路、电力、通信、工程机械以及汽车、飞机、电子等中国装备走向世界，促进冶金、建材等产业对外投资。实行以备案制为主的对外投资管理方式。扩大出口信用保险规模，对大型成套设各出口融资应保尽保。拓宽外汇储备运用渠道，健全金融、信息、法律、领事保护服务。注重风险防范，提高海外权益保障能力。让中国企业走得出、走得稳，在国际竞争中强筋健骨、发展壮大。

We will speed up the implementation of the "go global" strategy.

构建全方位到外开放新格局。推进丝绸之路经济带和 21 世纪海上丝绸之路合作建设。加快互联互通、大通关和国际物流大通道建设。构建中巴、孟中印缅等经济走廊。扩大内陆和沿边开放，促进经济技术开发区创新发展，提高边境经济合作区、跨境经济合作区发展水平。积极推动上海、广东、天津、福建自贸试验区建设，在全国推广成熟经验，形成各具特色的改革开放高地。

We will foster a new environment in all-round opening up.

We will work with the relevant countries in developing the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.We wall move faster to strengthen infrastructure connectivity with China's neighbors, simplify customs clearance procedures, and build international logistics gateways.We will work to build the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor.We will make China's interior and border areas more open to the outside world, promote the innovation-driven development of economic and technological development zones, and upgrade both border and cro-border economic cooperation areas.We will work actively to develop pilot free trade zones in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian, and extend good practices developed in these zones to the rest of the country so that such zones become leading reform and opening up areas, each with its own distinctive features.

统筹多双边和区域开放合作。维护多边贸易体制，推动信息技术协定扩围，积极参与环境产品、政府采购等国际谈判。加快实施自贸区战略，尽早签署中韩、中澳自贸协定，加快中日韩自贸区谈判，推动与海合会、以色列等自贸区谈判，力争完成中国——东盟自贸区升级谈判和区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判，建设亚太自贸区。推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判。中国是负责任、敢担当的国家，我们愿做互利共赢发展理念的践行者、全球经济体系的建设者、经济全球化的推动者。

We will promote multilateral, bilateral, and regional opening up and cooperation.

We will uphold multilateral trade systems, work to promote expansion of the Information Technology Agreement, and take an active part in international talks in areas such as environmental products and government procurement.We will move faster to implement the strategy of developing free trade zones, ensuring that agreements on free trade zones with the Republic of Korea and Australia are signed as soon as poible; stepping up negotiations on the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Zone; working for progre in talks on free trade zones with the Gulf Cooperation Council and: Israel; endeavoring to complete the talks; on upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone and on establishing the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership; and working to build the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Zone.We will continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union.As a responsible and enterprising nation, China champions the vision of promoting mutually beneficial development, boosting the global economy, and encouraging economic globalization.

四、协调推动经济稳定增长和结构优化

IV.Balancing Steady Economic Growth and Structural Improvement

稳增长和调结构相辅相成。我们既要全力保持经济在合理区间运行，又要积极促进经济转型升级、行稳致远。

加快培育消费增长点。鼓励大众消费，控制“三公”消费。促进养老家政健康消费，壮大信息消费，提升旅游休闲消费，推动绿色消费，稳定住房消费，扩大教育文化体育消费。全面推进“三网”融合，加快建设光纤网络，大幅提升宽带网络速率，发展物流快递，把以互联网为载体、线上线下互动的新兴消费搞得红红火火。建立健全消费品质量安全监管、追溯、召回制度，严肃查处制售假冒伪劣行为，保护消费者合法权益。扩大消费要汇小溪成大河，让亿万群众的消费潜力成为拉动经济增长的强劲动力。

We will move faster to foster growth areas of consumption.We will encourage private consumption and curb spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality.We will promote consumption in elderly care, domestic services, and health services, help strengthen spending oil information goods and services, raise consumer spending on leisure and tourism, give impetus to green consumption, keep housing consumption stable, and encourage people to spend more on education, culture, and sports.

We will pre ahead with the nationwide project to deliver telecoms, radio, television, and Internet service over a single broadband connection, accelerate the development of fiber-optic networks, significantly increase broadband speeds, develop logistics and expre delivery services, and ensure that new forms of Internet-based spending, which combine online-offline activities, come to thrive.

增加公共产品有效投资。确保完成“十二五”规划重点建设任务，启动实施一批新的重大工程项目。主要是：棚户区和危房改造、城市地下管网等民生项目，中西部铁路和公路、内河航道等重大交通项目，水利、高标准农田等农业项目，信息、电力、油气等重大网络项目，清洁能源及油气矿产资源保障项目，传统产业技术改造等项目，节能环保和生态建设项目。今年中央预算内投资增加到 4776 亿元，但政府不唱“独角戏”，要更大激发民间投资活力，引导社会资本投向更多领域。铁路投资要保持在8000 亿元以上，新技产里程 8000 公里以上，在全国基本实现高速公路电子不停车收费联网，使交通真正成为发展的先行官。重大水利工程已开工的 57 个项目要加快建设，今年再开工 27 个项目，在建重大水利工程投资规模超过 8000 亿元。栅改、铁路、水利等投资多箭齐发，重点向中西部地区倾斜，使巨大的内需得到更多释放。

We will increase effective investment in public goods.

We will ensure that the projects set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan are completed.We will launch a number of major new projects, including:

■ projects for rebuilding rundown urban areas and renovating dilapidated housing, urban underground pipe network projects, and other projects to improve living standards;

■ major railway, highway, and inland waterway transport projects in the central and western regions;

■ agricultural projects on water conservancy arid developing high-quality farmland;

■ projects that involve major information, electricity, oil, and natural gas networks;

■ clean energy projects, and oil, natural gas, and mineral resource supply projects;

■ projects for upgrading traditional industries; and

■ energy-saving, environmental protection, and ecological conservation projects.

This year, the central government will increase its budgetary investment to 477.6 billion yuan.However, the government does not intend to perform an investment soliloquy; we need to do more to stimulate private investment arid channel the investment of nongovernmental capital into more areas.

We will invest over 800 billion yuan in railway construction and open over 8,000 kilometers of railways to traffic.We will work to ensure that drive-through electronic toll collection systems are connected up on expreways throughout the country, and work toward making transportation truly lead the way in promoting development.Construction on the 57 ongoing major water conservancy projects needs to be accelerated; construction will be started on an additional 27 such projects this year, and investment in the major water conservancy projects under construction will exceed 800 billion yuan.Investment to be made in the above sectors, such as railways, water conservancy, and projects to rebuild rundown urban areas, will be weighted toward the central and western regions, helping stimulate enormous domestic demand.

加快推进农业现代化。坚持“三农”重中之重地位不动摇，加快转变农业发展方式，让农业更强、农民更富、农村更美。

We will work harder to modernize agriculture.

今年粮食产量要稳定在1.1 万亿斤以上，保障粮食安全和主要农产品供给。坚守耕地红线，全面开展永久基本农田划定工作，实施耕地质量保护与提升行动，推进土地整治，增加深松土地 2 亿亩。加强农田水利基本建设，大力发展节水农业。加快新技术、新品种、新农机研发推广应用。引导农民瞄准市场调整种养结构，支持农产品加工特别是主产区粮食就地转化，开展粮食作物改为饲料作物试点。综合治理农药兽药残留问题，全面提高农产品质量和食品安全水平。

We will, step up efforts to develop and expand the use of new technology, new crop varieties, and new agricultural machinery.We will guide farmers to adjust what and how much they grow or breed based on market demand.We will offer support for agricultural products to be proceed locally, particularly for grain proceing in major grain-growing areas, arid carry out pilot projects to replace grain crop cultivation with feed crop cultivation.We will comprehensively addre problems such as residual traces of chemicals in agricultural products and livestock shipments.We will work to improve the quality of all agricultural products and make our food more safe to eat.

新农村建设要惠及广大农民。突出加强水和路的建设，今年再解决 6000 万农村人口饮水安全问题，新建改建农村公路 20 万公里，全面完成西部边远山区溜索改桥任务。力争让最后 20 多万无电人口都能用上电。以垃圾、污水为重点加强环境治理，建设美丽宜居乡村。多渠道促进农民增收，保持城乡居民收入差距缩小势头。持续打好扶贫攻坚战，深入推进集中连片特困地区扶贫开发，实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫。难度再大，今年也要再减少农村贫困人口 1000 万人以上。

Our efforts to build a new countryside should benefit the rural population.We will give high priority to building roads and water facilities.This year, we will ensure that 60 million more rural residents gain acce to safe drinking water; that 200,000 kilometers of rural roads are built or upgraded; and that bridges are built to replace all ropeways in the western region.We will work toward providing electricity to the over 200,000 remaining people in China who are still without acce.We will strengthen efforts to improve the environment, focusing particularly on refuse and sewage treatment, to build a more beautiful and livable countryside.We will increase rural incomes through multiple channels and keep narrowing the urban-rural income gap.

推进农业现代化，改革是关键。要在稳定家庭经营的基础上，支持种养大户、家庭农牧场、农民合作社、产业化龙头企业等新型经营主体发展，培养新型职业农民，推进多种形式适度规模经营。做好土地确权登记颁证工作，审慎开展农村土地征收、集体经营性建设用地入市、宅基地制度、集体产权制度等改革试点。在改革中，要确保耕地数量不减少、质量不下降、农民利益有保障。深化供销社、农垦、种业、固有林场林区等改革，办好农村改革试验区和现代农业示范区。完善粮食最低收购价和临时收储政策，改进农产品目标价格补贴办法。加强涉农资金统筹整合和管理。无论财政多困难，惠农政策只能加强不能削弱，支农资金只能增加不能减少。

We will deepen the reform of rural supply and marketing cooperatives, state farms on reclaimed land, the seed industry, state forestry farms, and state forests, and work to ensure the succe of both experimental zones for carrying out rural reform and modern agriculture demonstration zones.We will refine the policy on setting minimum state grain purchase prices and the policy on the temporary state purchase and storage of major agricultural products, and improve the ways that subsidies are granted under the system of guaranteed base prices for agricultural products.We will strengthen the integration and management of funds for agricultural development.Whatever fiscal difficulties we may face, our policies to support agriculture must be strengthened, and related funding must be increased.

推进新型城镇住取得新突破。城镇化是解决城乡差距的根本途径，也是最大的内需所在。要坚持以人为核心，以解决三个1亿人问题为着力点，发挥好城镇化对现代化的支撑作用。

We will work to achieve breakthroughs in promoting a new type of urbanization.

Urbanization is a fundamental way to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas arid provides the largest source of domestic demand.We will make urbanization people-oriented, focus on the three tasks, and folly leverage the role of urbanization in underpinning modernization.加大城镇棚户区和城乡危房改造力度。今年保障性安居工程新安排 740 万套，其中棚户区改造 580 万套，增加 110 万套，把城市危房改造纳入棚改政策范围。农村危房改造 366 万户，增加100 万户，统筹推进农房抗震改造。住房保障逐步实行实物保障与货币补贴并举，把一些存量房转为公租房和安置房。对居住特别困难的低保家庭，给予住房救助。坚持分类指导，因地施策，落实地方政府主体责任，支持居民自住和改善性住房需求，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。

In providing government housing support, we will phase in the policy of using both the provision of physical housing and the allocation of housing subsidies, and transform a portion of available housing into public rental housing or housing to be sold to those being relocated.Housing allowances will be provided to families who live on subsistence allowances and are facing serious housing difficulties.We will give targeted guidance, implement policies suitable to local conditions, aign primary responsibility to local governments for the development of housing, support people's demand for housing for personal use and second homes, and promote the stable and sound development of the real estate market.

提升城镇规划建设水平。制定实施城市群规划，有序推进基础设施和基本公共服务同城化。完善设市标准，实行特大镇扩权增能试点，控制超大城市人口规模，提升地级市、县城和中心镇产业和人口承载能力，方便农民就近城镇化。发展智慧城市，保护和传承历史、地域文化。加强城市供水供气供电、公交和防洪防涝设施等建设。坚决治理污染、拥堵等城市病，让出行更方便、环境更宜居。

据展区域发展新空间。统筹实施“四大板块”和“三个支撑带”战略组合。在西部地区开工建设一批综合交通、能源、水利、生态、民生等重大项目，落实好全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地政策措施，加快中部地区综合交通枢纽和网络等建设，支持东部地区率先发展，加大对老少边穷地区支持力度，完善差别化的区域发展政策。把“一带一路”建设与区域开发开放结合起来，加强新亚欧大陆桥、陆海口岸支点建设。推进京津冀协同发展，在交通一体化、生态环保、产业升级转移等方面率先取得实质性突破。推进长江经济带建设，有序开工黄金水道治理、沿江码头口岸等重大项目，柑筑综合立体大通道，建设产业转移示范区，引导产业由东向西梯度转移。加强中西部重点开发区建设，深化泛珠等区域合作。

We will expand space for promoting development in different regions.

■ In the western region, we will launch a number of major projects involving multipurpose transportation systems, energy, water conservancy, the environment, and living standards;

■ In the old industrial bases of the northeast and other parts of China, we will implement policies and measures designed to ensure their full revitalizatiori;

■ In the central region, we will speed up the development of integrated transportation hubs and networks;

■ We will support the eastern region in taking the lead in development;

■ We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and areas with relatively high incidences of poverty; and

■ We will improve differentiated policies for promoting the development of different regions.

■ We will integrate the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road with the development and opening up of related regions.We will promote development of the new Eurasian Continental Bridge as well as major coastal and border ports which serve as hubs for the Belt or the Road.

■ We will step up coordinated development for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and ensure that the region takes the lead in making substantive breakthroughs in areas such as integrated transportation, ecological conservation, environmental protection, and industry upgrading and relocation.

■ We will pre ahead with the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, working step by step to launch major projects including upgrading the area's major waterways and building docks and quays along the Yangtze River to create an integrated, multidimensional transport corridor.Industrial relocation demonstration zones will be built along the belt to guide the orderly relocation of industries from the east to the west.We will step up efforts to develop major development zones in the central and western regions and ensure cooperation is deepened in the pan-Pearl River Delta and other regions.

推动产业结构迈向中高端。制造业是我们的优势产业。要实施“中国制造2025”，坚持创新驱动、智能转型、强化基础、绿色发展，加快从制造大国转向制造强国。采取财政贴息、加速折旧等措施，推动传统产业技术改造。坚持有保有压，化解过剩产能，支持企业兼并重组，在市场竞争中优胜劣汰。促进工业化和信息化深度融合，开发利用网络化、数字化、智能化等技术，着力在一些关键领域抢占先机、取得突破。

We will move forward in industrial structural upgrading, aiming at a medium-high level.

Manufacturing is a traditionally a strong area for Chinese industry.We will implement the "Made in China 2025" strategy; seek innovation-driven development; apply smart technologies; strengthen foundations; pursue green development; and redouble our efforts to upgrade China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality.We will provide subsidies and accelerate equipment depreciation to push forward the technological upgrading of traditional industries.We will ensure the development of some industries while restricting the growth of others, cut overcapacity, support busine acquisitions and restructuring, and let market competition determine which businees survive.We will promote the extensive application of information technologies in industrialization, develop and utilize networking, digitalization, and smart technologies, and work to develop certain key areas first and make breakthroughs in these areas.

新兴产业和新兴业态是竞争高地。要实施高端装备、信息网络、集成电路、新能源、新材料、生物医药、航空发动机、燃气轮机等重大项目，把一批新兴产业培育成主导产业。制定"互联网十"行动计划，推动移动互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等与现代制造业结合，促进电子商务、工业互联网和互联网金融健康发展，引导互联网企业拓展国际市场。国家已设立 400 亿元新兴产业创业投资引导基金，要整合筹措更多资金，为产业创新加油助力。

Emerging industries and new types of businees are areas of intense competition.We will launch major projects to develop high-end equipment, information networks, integrated circuits, new energy, new materials, biomedicines, aero engines, and gas turbines, helping a number of emerging industries to become leading ones.We will develop the "Internet Plus" action plan to integrate the mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things with modern manufacturing, to encourage the healthy development of e-commerce, industrial networks, and Internet banking, and to guide Internet-based companies to increase their presence in the international market.In addition to the 40 billion yuan government fund already in place for investment in China's emerging industries, more funds need to be raised for promoting busine development and innovation.

服务业就业容量大，发展前景广。要深化服务业改革开放，落实财税、土地、价格等支持政策以及带薪休假等制度，大力发展旅游、健康、养老、创意设计等生活和生产服务业。深化流通体制改革，加强大型农产品批发、仓储和冷链等现代物流设施建设，努力大幅降低流通成本。

The service sector can provide an enormous amount of employment opportunities and has vast potential for development.We will deepen the reform and opening up of the service sector, and implement fiscal, tax, land, and pricing policies to support its development We will ensure that paid vacations are enforced, and channel great energy into developing tourism, health, elderly care, innovative design, and other better-living and production-related services.We will also deepen logistics reform, strengthen the building of modern logistics facilities such as large-scale wholesale, storage, arid cold chain facilities for agricultural produce, and work hard to achieve major reductions in logistics costs.

以体制创新推动科技刨新。创新创造关键在人。要加快科技成果使用处置和收益管理改革，扩大股权和分红激励政策实施范围，完善科技成果转化、职务发明法律制度，使创新人才分享成果收益。制定促进科研人员流动政策，改革科技评价、职称评定和国家奖励制度，推进科研院所分类改革。引进国外高质量人才和智力。深入实施知识产权战略行动计划，坚决打击侵权行为，切实保护发明创造，让创新之树枝繁叶茂。

We will use institutional innovation to drive scientific and technological innovation.

It is people who make innovations and create things.We will speed up the reform to manage the use and commoditization of and the distribution of profit from scientific and technological advances of public institutions and extend the coverage of policies which allow for incentive mechanisms for innovation based on shares and dividends.Legislation on the commercialization of research and development deliverables arid on-the-job inventions should be improved so that inventors can enjoy a share of the returns on their inventions.

We will formulate policies for encouraging the flow of researchers and engineers, reform the systems for aeing their achievements, for appraising them for the conferral of profeional titles, and for granting national awards, and reform research institutions according to their functions.We will work to attract high-caliber foreign profeionals and bring in other expertise from overseas.

We will fully implement the action plan for carrying out the national strategy on intellectual property rights, crack down on infringements, and ensure inventions and creative work are thoroughly protected to keep innovation thriving.

企业是技术创新的主体。要落实和完善企业研发费用加计扣除、高新技术企业扶持等普惠性政策，鼓励企业增加创新投入。支持企业更多参与重大科技项目实施、科研平台建设，推进企业主导的产学研协同创新。大力发展众创空间，增设国家自主创新示范区，办好国家高新区，发挥集聚创新要素的领头羊作用。中小微企业大有可为，要扶上马、送一程，使“草根”创新蔚然成风、遍地开花。

Enterprises play a leading role in technological innovation.We will implement and improve preferential policies, such as extra tax deductions for research and development costs and policies that support new- and high-technology enterprises, so as to encourage enterprises to increase their spending on innovation.We will encourage enterprise involvement in implementing major science and technology projects and building research platforms, and promote collaborative innovation by bringing together enterprises, academia, and research institutes, with enterprises playing the leading role.

We will work hard to develop the right environment for creativity, establishing more national innovation demonstration zones, ensuring the smooth functioning of new- and high-technology national development zones, and enabling them to play a leading role in boosting innovation.Medium, small, and micro businees can accomplish great things.We need to give them a leg up to get them going.With these efforts, China's graroots innovation can sprout up arid grow strong, bringing flowers of creation to every field.

提高创新效率重在优化科技资源配置。要改革中央财政科技计划管理方式，建立公开统一的国家科技管理平台。政府重点支持基础研究、前沿技术和重大关键共性技术研究，鼓励原始创新，加快实施国家科技重大项目，向社会全面开放重大科研基础设施和大型科研仪器。把亿万人民的聪明才智调动起来，就一定能够迎来万众创新的浪潮。

To make innovation deliver, effective allocation of science and technology resources is crucial.We need to reform the management of science and technology plans funded by the central government to establish an open and unified national science and technology management platform.With the focus on supporting basic research, research in cutting-edge technologies, arid key technologies that have a broad application, the government will encourage original innovation and move faster to launch major national science and technology projects.We will enable open acce to the country's major science and research infrastructure facilities as well as large-scale or costly research equipment.By giving free rein to the talent arid ingenuity of the Chinese people, we will welcome in a new high tide of popular innovation.

五、持续推进民生改善和杜会建设

V.Making Sustained Efforts to Improve Living Standards and Promote Social Development

立国之道，惟在富民。要以增进民生福祉为目的，加快发展社会事业，改革完善收入分配制度，千方百计增加居民收入，促进社会公平正义与和谐进步。

The only way to build a country is to enrich its people.With increasing people's quality of life as our objective, we will accelerate the development of social programs, reform and improve the income distribution system, do everything poible to increase people's incomes, and promote social equity, justice, harmony, and progre.

着力促进创业就业。坚持就业优先，以创业带动就业。今年高校毕业生 749 万人，为历史最高。要加强就业指导和创业教育，落实高校毕业生就业促进计划，鼓励到基层就业。实施好大学生创业引领计划，支持到新兴产业创业。做好结构调整、过剩产能化解中失业人员的再就业工作。统筹农村转移劳动力、城镇困难人员、退役军人就业，实施农民工职业技能提升计划，落实和完善失业保险支持企业稳定就业岗位政策。全面治理拖欠农民工工资问题，健全劳动监察和争议处理机制，让法律成为劳动者权益的守护神。

We will work hard to promote busine development and increase employment.

We will continue to give top priority to employment and the creation of jobs by encouraging entrepreneurship.This year, the number of college graduates will reach 7.49 million, a record high.We need to strengthen employment guidance and education on starting up in busine; implement the plan to help college graduates find jobs and encourage them to look to the community level to find employment; and carry out the plan to guide university students toward starting their own businees and support them in creating start-ups in emerging industries.

We will work to help people who have lost their jobs due to structural adjustments or measures to addre overcapacity to find new employment, and coordinate efforts to ensure employment can be found for people who move from rural to urban areas to find work, vulnerable urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, and decommiioned military personnel.We will put into effect the plan on providing vocational training for migrant workers, and implement and improve the unemployment insurance policy on supporting enterprises that keep people in their jobs.We will draw on comprehensive governance to deal with the "miing" or delayed wages of migrant workers, improve the mechanisms for supervising the handling of labor iues and disputes, and ensure the law fully functions as the protector of the rights and interests of anyone in employment.

加强社会保障和增加居民收入。企业退休人员基本养老金标准提高 10%。城乡居民基础养老金标准统一由 55 元提高到 70元。推进城镇职工基础养老金全国统筹。降低失业保险、工伤保险等缴费率。完善最低工资标准调整机制。落实机关事业单位养老保险制度改革措施，同步完善工资制度，对基层工作人员给予政策倾斜。在县以下机关建立公务员职务和职级并行制度。加强重特大疾病医疗救助，全面实施临时救助制度，让遇到急难特困的群众求助有门、受助及时。对困境儿童、高龄和失能老人、重度和贫困残疾人等特困群体，健全福利保障制度和服务体系。继续提高城乡低保水平，提升优抚对象抚恤和生活补助标准。提高工资和保障标准等政策受益面广，各级政府一定要落实到位。民之疾苦，国之要事，我们要竭尽全力，坚决把民生底线兜住兜牢。

We will strengthen social security and increase individual income.The basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees will be increased by 10%.The monthly basic pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents will be uniformly raised from 55 yuan to 70 yuan per person.We will work to place the basic pensions of workers in urban areas under unified national management.The premiums will be lowered for insurance schemes such as the unemployment insurance scheme and the workplace injury insurance scheme.We will improve the mechanism for adjusting minimum wages.We will take steps to reform the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions and at the same time improve their pay systems, and we will make policies weighted toward benefiting government and Party employees at the community level.A system will be instituted under which public servants of Party and government offices at and below the county level can be promoted in terms of both their post and their rank, and are paid accordingly.

We will increase aid for treating major and serious diseases and implement the temporary-aistance scheme nationwide so that people with urgent or special needs will have somewhere to go for support, and will be able to get that support straight away.We will develop sound welfare and service systems for vulnerable groups including children living in difficult circumstances, the very elderly, elderly people with disabilities, people with serious disabilities, and people with disabilities who are living in poverty.We will continue to raise subsistence: allowances for rural and urban residents and increase benefits and living allowances for entitled groups.Policies for increasing wages and social security benefits have a bearing on a great number of people; their implementation by governments at all levels must be completely satisfactory.Ensuring people's wellbeing is a top priority for the government, and we must do all we can to make sure that basic needs are met.

促进教育公平发展和质量提升。教育是今天的事业、明天的希望。要坚持立德树人，增强学生的社会责任感、创新精神、实践能力，培养中国特色社会主义建设者和接班人。深化省级政府教育统筹改革、高等院校综合改革和考试招生制度改革。加快义务教育学校标准化建设，改善薄弱学校和寄宿制学校基本办学条件。落实农民工随迁子女在流入地接受义务教育政策，完善后续升学政策。全面推进现代职业教育体系建设。引导部分地方本科高校向应用型转变，通过对口支援等方式支持中西部高等教育发展，继续提高中西部地区和人口大省高考录取率。建设世界一流大学和一流学科。加强特殊教育、学前教育、继续教育和民族地区各类教育。促进民办教育健康发展。为切实把教育事业办好，我们要保证投入，花好每一分钱，畅通农村和贫困地区学子纵向流动的渠道，让每个人都有机会通过教育改变自身命运。

We will promote fair acce to and strengthen the quality of education.

Education is an endeavor for today, but a source of hope for tomorrow.We need to foster virtue through education and ensure that students develop a strong sense of social responsibility, innovative thinking, and ail ability to put ideas into practice.We should ensure that students strengthen their dedication to socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will deepen the reform to expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, the comprehensive reform of colleges and universities, as well as the reform of the school examination arid enrollment systems.

We will move more quickly to help all schools providing compulsory education to meet standards, and improve basic conditions in boarding schools and schools that are poorly built and operated.We will implement the policy of enabling the children of migrant workers to receive compulsory education in the cities and towns where they and their parents live and improve policies that enable them to continue on into secondary and college education.

We will work to comprehensively promote the development of a modern vocational education system.We will guide a number of local undergraduate institutions to transform themselves into applied colleges.We will support the development of higher education in the central and western regions by offering them aistance through pairing programs, and continue to raise the admiion rate for those taking the college entrance exams in the central and western regions and in provinces with larger populations.We will work to develop world-cla universities and disciplines.

We will strengthen education for those with special learning needs, preschool education, continuing education, arid all types of education in areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities.We will work to promote the healthy development of privately run educational institutions.In order to provide good education, we must guarantee funding and ensure that every yuan is well spent.We should clear any obstructions to upwards mobility for students from rural or poor areas, and ensure that each and every person has the opportunity to change their life through education.加快健全基本医疗卫生制度。完善城乡居民基本医保，财政补助标准由每人每年 320 元提高到 380 元，基本实现居民医疗费用省内直接结算，稳步推行退休人员医疗费用跨省直接结算。全面实施城乡居民大病保险制度。深化基层医疗卫生机构综合改革，加强全科医生制度建设，完善分级诊疗体系。全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，在 100 个地级以上城市进行公立医院改革试点，破除以药补医，降低虚高药价，合理调整医疗服务价格，通过医保支付等方式平衡费用，努力减轻群众负担。鼓励医生到基层多点执业，发展社会办医。开展省级深化医改综合试点。加快建立医疗纠纷预防调解机制。人均基本公共卫生服务经费补助标准由 35 元提高到 40 元，增量全部用于支付村医的基本公共卫生服务，方便几亿农民就地就近看病就医。加强重大疾病防拉。积极发展中医药和民族医药事业。推进计划生育服务管理改革。健康是群众的基本需求，我们要不断提高医疗卫生水平，打造健康中国。

We will work more quickly to improve the basic medical and healthcare systems.

We will improve basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents, and increase the annual government subsidy for this insurance from 320 yuan to 380 yuan per person.We will basically complete the task of enabling on-the-spot settlement of medical expenses incurred anywhere within the provincial-level administrative area where one's insurance is registered, and steadily work toward enabling retirees to have their medical expenses settled on the spot in whichever provincial-level administrative area they are living.We will fully implement the major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents.

We will work to deepen the comprehensive reform of community-level medical and healthcare institutions, strengthen the general practitioner system, and improve the system of tiered diagnosis and treatment.We will fully implement the comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals, and trial public hospital reform in 100 cities at or above the prefecture level.We will put a stop to the practice of charging more for medicines to make up for low prices for medical services, lower extortionate prices on medicines, make appropriate adjustments to medical service prices, and take measures such as reforming medical insurance payouts to control costs of medical services, thereby lightening the burden that medical expenses place on people.

We will encourage doctors to practice in community-level clinics in addition to their regular practice and help the development of nongovernmental hospitals.We will launch comprehensive pilot projects for deepening medical reform at the provincial level.We will move faster in setting up mechanisms for preempting and mediating medical disputes.We will increase the annual subsidy for government expenditures on basic public health services from 35 yuan to 40 yuan per capita, with the entire additional sum to be used for paying for rural doctors to provide basic public health services; this will allow large numbers of rural residents to enjoy better acce to local medical services.

We will strengthen the prevention and control of major diseases.We will actively develop traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities, and advance the reform of family planning services and the way they are managed.Good health is a basic public neceity, so we must work consistently to raise the standard of medical and healthcare services to create a healthy China.

让人民群众享有更多文化发展成果。文化是民族的精神命脉和创造源泉。要践行社会主义核心价值观，弘扬中华优秀传统文化。繁荣发展哲学社会科学，发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视、档案等事业，重视文物、非物质文化遗产保护。提供更多优秀文艺作品，倡导全民阅读，建设书香社会。逐步推进基本公共文化服务标准化均等化，扩大公共文化设施免费开放范围，发挥基层综合性文化服务中心作用。深化文化体制改革，促进传统媒体与新兴媒体融合发展。拓展中外人文交流，加强国际传播能力建设。发展全民健身、竞技体育和体育产业，做好 2022 年冬奥会申办工作。

We will enable people to enjoy more of the fruits of cultural development

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation and a source of innovation.We will put into practice core socialist values and promote fine traditional Chinese culture.We will encourage philosophy and the social sciences to flourish and promote the development of literature and art; the pre and publishing; radio, television, and film; archiving; and other cultural programs.We will work to protect cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.

We will ensure that more outstanding works of literature and art are created for the people to enjoy, and encourage a love of reading in all our people to build a nation of avid readers.We will make steady progre in providing basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way, allow free admiion to more public cultural facilities, and ensure multipurpose cultural service centers play a key role in local communities.

We will deepen the structural reform of the cultural sector and promote the integrated development of traditional and emerging media.We will expand cultural exchanges with other countries and improve our ability to communicate effectively with international audiences.We will develop public fitne programs, competitive sports, and the sports industry, and work toward putting in a strong bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics.

加强和创新社会治理。深化社会组织管理制度改革，加快行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩。支持群团组织依法参与社会治理，发展专业社会工作、志愿服务和慈善事业。鼓励社会力量兴办养老设施，发展社区和居家养老。为农村留守儿童、妇女、老人提供关爱服务，建立未成年人社会保护制度。提高公共突发事件防范处置和防灾救灾减灾能力。做好地震、气象、测绘、地质等工作。深入开展法治宣传教育，加强人民调解工作，完善法律援助制度，落实重大决策社会稳定风险评估机制，有效预防和化解社会矛盾。把信访纳入法治轨道，及时就地解决群众合理诉求。深化平安中国建设，健全立体化社会治安防控体系，依法惩治暴恐、黄赌毒、邪教、走私等犯罪行为，发展和规范网络空间箩确保国家安全和公共安全。人的生命最为宝贵，要采取更坚决措施，全方位强化安全生产，全过程保障食品药品安全。

We will strengthen and make innovations in social governance.We will deepen reform of the management of social organizations, and accelerate efforts to untie industry aociations and chambers of commerce from any connections they may have with the government.We will support the participation of popular organizations in social governance in accordance with the law.We will develop specialized social work, volunteer services, and charities.We will encourage the opening of nongovernmental elderly care facilities, and develop community-based and at-home elderly care.

We will provide support and services for children, women, and older people who remain in rural areas while their family members move to work in urban areas, and establish a system of social protection for minors.We will improve our ability to prevent and handle public emergencies and to prevent, respond to, arid mitigate disasters.We will ensure that work in seismology, meteorology, surveying, mapping, and geology is all carried out to good effect.

We will make intensive efforts to increase public awarene of the rule of law, improve the effectivene of people's mediation, and improve the system of legal aid.We will ensure that potential risks which major policy decisions may pose to social stability are fully aeed so as to effectively prevent and resolve social conflicts.We will ensure that the handling of public complaints filed through letters and visits is brought into line with the rule of law, and see to it that all justified complaints and demands are resolved promptly arid locally.

We will uphold law and order in China; improve the multidimensional system for crime prevention and control; punish violent terrorism, pornography, gambling, drug abuse and trafficking, cult activity, smuggling, and other crimes in accordance with the law; develop and regulate cyberspace; and ensure national and public security.Life is pricele; we must take stronger measures to ensure workplace safety in all fields, and ensure food and medicine safety throughout the production proce.

打好节能减排和环境治理攻坚战。环境污染是民生之患、民心之痛，要铁腕治理。今年，二氧化碳排放强度要降低 3.1%以上，化学需氧量、氨氮排放都要减少 2%左右，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放要分别减少 3%左右和 5%左右。深入实施大气污染防治行动计划，实行区域联防联控，推动燃煤电厂超低排放改造，促进重点区域煤炭消费零增长。推广新能源汽车，治理机动车尾气，提高油品标准和质量，在重点区域内重点城市全面供应国五标准车用汽柴油。 2005 年底前注册营运的黄标车要全部淘汰。积极应对气候变化，扩大碳排放权交易试点。实施水污染防治行动计划，加强江河湖海水污染、水污染源和农业面源污染治理，实行从水源地到水龙头全过程监管。推行环境污染第三方治理。做好环保税立法工作。我们一定要严格环境执法，对偷排偷放者出重拳，让其付出沉重的代价;对姑息纵容者严问贵，使其受到应有的处罚。

We will fight to win the battle of conserving energy, reducing emiions, and improving the environment.

Environmental pollution is a blight on people's quality of life and a trouble that weighs on their hearts.We must fight it with all our might.This year, we will cut the intensity of carbon dioxide by at least 3.1 %, reduce both chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emiions by around 2%, and reduce emiions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides by around 3% and 5% respectively.

We will fully implement the action plan for preventing and controlling air pollution; carry out coordinated inter-regional prevention and control efforts; upgrade coal-burning power plants to achieve ultra-low emiions; and strive for zero-growth in the consumption of coal in key areas of the country;

We will promote the use of new-energy vehicles, reduce vehicle exhaust emiions, raise the national production standards for and improve the quality of fuel, and provide motor gasoline and diesel fuel that meets National-V standards to all key cities in key areas.We will remove from the roads all high-emiion commercial vehicles registered before the end of 2005.

We will actively respond to climate change and expand the trials for trading carbon emiions rights.We will implement the action plan for preventing and controlling water pollution; strengthen control over pollution in rivers, lakes, seas, water pollution sources, and pollution from nonpoint agricultural sources; and ensure the safety of drinking water by carrying out oversight over the whole proce, from the source to the tap.

We will introduce third party governance in the handling of environmental pollution.We will work on the legislation for environmental protection tax.We must strictly enforce environmental laws and regulations; crack down on those guilty of creating illegal emiions and ensure they pay a heavy price for such offenses; and hold those who allow illegal emiions to account, punishing them accordingly.

能源生产和消费革命，关乎发展与民生。要大力发展风电、光伏发电、生物质能，积极发展水电，安全发展核电，开发利用页岩气、煤层气。拉制能源消费总量，加强工业、交通、建筑等重点领域节能。积极发展循环经济，大力推进工业废物和生活垃圾资源化利用。我国节能环保市场潜力巨大，要把节能环保产业打造成新兴的支柱产业。

Revolution in energy generation and consumption is vital to any country's development and to the wellbeing of its people.In China, we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and bioma energy, work actively to develop hydropower, stre safety in developing nuclear power, and exploit and utilize shale gas and coal seam gas.

We will set a ceiling on total energy consumption and strengthen energy conservation in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, and construction.We will work hard to develop a circular economy and promote the recovery of resources from industrial and household waste.There is enormous potential in China's market for energy conservation and environmental protection; we will develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industry into a new pillar of the economy.

森林草原、江河湿地是大自然赐予人类的绿色财富，必须倍加珍惜。要推进重大生态工程建设，拓展重点生态功能区，办好生态文明先行示范区，开展国土江河综合整治试点，扩大流域上下游横向补偿机制试点，保护好三江源。扩大天然林保护范围，有序停止天然林商业性采伐。今年新增退耕还林还草 1000 万亩，造林 9000 万亩。生态环保贵在行动、成在坚持，我们必须紧抓不松劲，一定要实现蓝天常在、绿水长流、永续发展。

Forests, gralands, rivers, and wetlands are ecological riches arid gifts of nature that we must take greater care to cherish.We will carry out major ecological projects; extend key eco-function zones; work to establish zones that demonstrate best practices for promoting a sound ecology; carry out pilot projects to improve the overall condition of rivers; expand the trial of having localities situated on the upper and lower reaches of river basins compensate each other for their impact on water quality; and ensure the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers are effectively preserved.We will expand the areas of natural forests under protection, and work in a planned way to put a stop to commercial logging in these forests.This year, we will return an additional 666,667 hectares of marginal farmland back to forest or graland, and afforest 6 million more hectares of land.

In ecological protection, progre comes only through action, and succe only through persistence.We must take a firm and unrelenting approach in this work, to ensure we always have blue skies, lucid waters, and sustainable development.

六、切实加强政府自身建设

VI.Improving Government

我们要全面推进依法治国，加快建设法治政府、创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府，增强政府执行力和公信力，促进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。

We will fully promote the law-based governance of the country; move more swiftly to build an innovative, clean, service-oriented rule of law government; enhance the government's administrative capacity and public credibility; and modernize China's governance system and capacity for governance.

坚持依宪施政，依法行政，把政府工作全面纳入法治轨道。宪法是我们根本的活动准则，各级政府及其工作人员都必须严格遵守。要尊法学法守法用法，依法全面雇行职责，所有行政行为都要于法有据，任何政府部门都不得法外设权。深化行政执法体制改革，严格规范公正文明执法，加快推进综合执法，全面落实行政执法责任制。一切违法违规的行为都要追究，一切执法不严不公的现象都必须纠正。

We will exercise governance in accordance with the Constitution and other laws and bring all government work in line with the rule of law.The Constitution is the fundamental guide on which our every action should be based; governments at all levels and their employees must faithfully observe it.We must respect, study, abide by, and apply the law, and fully perform our duties in accordance with it.All government activities must have a legal basis, arid no government body may aume any power which is not provided for by law.We will deepen reform of the administrative law enforcement system, enforce the law in a strict, well-regulated, impartial, and appropriate manner, pre ahead with coordinated law enforcement, and fully implement the accountability system for administrative law enforcement.We must see to it that all violations of laws arid regulations are investigated and prosecuted, arid all failures to strictly and impartially enforce the law are rectified.

坚持创新管理，强化服务，着力提高政府效能。提供基本公共服务尽量采用购买服务方式，第三方可提供的事务性管理服务交给市场或社会去办。积极推进决策科学化民主化，重视发挥智库作用。全面实行政务公开，推广电子政务和网上办事。各级政府要自觉接受同级人大及其常委会的监督，接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取人大代表、民主党派、工商联、无党派人士和各人民团体的意见。我们的所有工作都要全面接受人民的监督，充分体现人民的意愿。

We will develop new ways of conducting regulation, strengthen services, and work to improve government performance.

In basic public services, we need to do all we can to use service procurement as the means of provision, and routine services that can be provided by a third party should be handed over to the market or society.We will work to ensure decisions are made in a sound and democratic way and place importance on the role of think tanks.We will fully put into practice transparency in government affairs and promote the Use of e-government and online administration.All levels of governments must actively accept oversight by people's congrees and their standing committees at their respective administrative level; accept the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees; and earnestly solicit the views of deputies to people's congrees, non-CPC parties, federations of industry and commerce, public figures without party affiliation, and people's organizations.All our work must be subject to the people's oversight and be done in the way they expect it to be done.

坚持依法用权，倡俭治奢，深入推进党风廉政建设和反腐败工作。认真落实党中央八项规定精神，坚持不懈纠正“四风”，继续严格执行国务院“约法三章”。腐败现象的一个共同特征就是权力寻租，要以权力瘦身为廉政强身，紧紧扎住制度围栏，坚决打掉寻租空间，努力铲除腐败土壤。加强行政监察，发挥审计监督作用，对公共资金、公共资源、国有资产严加监管。始终保持反腐高压态势，对腐败分子零容忍、严查处。对腐败行为，无论出现在领导机关，还是发生在群众身边，都必须严加惩治。

We will exercise power in accordance with the law, encourage thrift and oppose extravagance, arid, work painstakingly to improve Party conduct, promote integrity, arid fight corruption.

We will work conscientiously to implement the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct; work tirelely to oppose formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance; and continue to strictly enforce the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.As rent-seeking is a feature common to all types of corruption, we will shed powers to make government cleaner, tru up the institutional fencing, and resolutely eliminate any room for rent-seeking, thus eradicating the breeding grounds of corruption.We will intensify government supervision, make full use of auditing oversight, and strictly monitor public funds, public resources, and state-owned aets.Our tough stance on corruption is here to stay; our tolerance for corruption is zero, and anyone guilty of corruption will be dealt with seriously.We will see to it that every instance of corruption, should it be committed higher up or lower down, is severely punished.

坚持主动作为，狠抓落实，切实做到勤政为民。经济发展进入新常态，精神面貌要有新状态。广大公务员特别是领导干部要始终把为人民谋发展增福祉作为最大责任，始终把现代化建设使命扛在肩上，始终把群众冷暖忧乐放在心头。各级政府要切实履行职责，狠抓贯彻落实，创造性开展工作。完善政绩考核评价机制，对实绩突出的，要大力褒奖;对工作不力的，要约谈诫勉;对为官不为、懒政怠政的，要公开曝光、坚决追究责任。

We will take an active approach to our work, focus on implementation, and work with diligence for the people.

China's economic development has entered a new normal, meaning we must adopt a new attitude.All public servants, especially officials, should always treat it as their greatest responsibility to promote development that benefits the people, carry the task of modernization on their shoulders, and keep the wellbeing of the people at the forefront of their minds Governments at all levels must fully perform their functions and responsibilities, ensure thorough implementation, and be creative in their work.We will work to improve the mechanisms for aeing performance, and commend those who perform well, admonish those who do

第17篇：历年政府工作报告中英文对照版和

历年政府工作报告中英文对照版和《经济学家》中英文对照版建议多看看，上面的习题最好都亲自做一下，三级没多大难度，充分准备应该可以通过

汉英翻译技巧的培养（translation competence development）应涉及以下内容：

一.要培养对英语的语感和悟性（language intuition – open and alert mind to pick up idioms, specific expreions, etc.）；

二.要培养对英语的判断能力和鉴赏能力（evaluation capacity – judgment）；

三.要培养对英语的洞察能力和剖析能力（power of observation – insight）；

四.要培养对英语细微特征的反应能力（linguistic nuances alertne）；informal 三种文体风格(style):

Please await instructions before dispatching items.

Please wait for instructions before sending items off.

Don’t send anything off until you’re told to do so.

Eential measures should be undertaken at the earliest opportunity.

One should undertake any neceary measures at the earliest opportunity.

You should do whatever you have to as soon as you can.

第八：要注意各行各业的不同术语的选择。比如我们要把“专业签证人员”翻译成英语，那么我们就要按照外交用语的习惯把它翻译为visa officers，而不应该照字面上翻译成specialized visa personnel。“安居工程” 的英译不是housing project for low-income urban residents，而应该按照社会经济用语的习惯翻译为the Affordable Housing Program; “信息化”的英译不是informatization 或informationization，而应该按照高科技行业习惯翻译为the spreading / sweeping information explosion / the information explosion proce / trend; “外资企业”的英译不是overseas-funded enterprises,而应该按照外贸行业习惯翻译为enterprises with foreign investment / enterprises with foreign elements；再比如，高速公路上的警示语“请勿疲劳驾驶，”翻译成英语不是Don’t drive tiredly，按照交通法规术语应该翻译为Drowsy driving is dangerous 或Drive alert, arrive alive。

第九：注意汉语和英语之间的文化差异。把“相声”翻译成英语不能只是翻译其形式，还要翻译其内涵。翻译成cro talk 外国人不明白；不如翻译为comic dialogue 更好懂。再如，假设我们要把“以外贸为龙头”翻译成英语，能不能直接翻译为with foreign trade as the dragon head呢？这样翻译是很难让外国人明白的，因为“以……为龙头”这个说法是源自耍龙灯的习俗，而多数外国人不一定熟悉中国人的这一习俗。为了取得好的翻译效果，最好是用能够跨越文化障碍的表达方法，如“火车头”或“旗舰”：with foreign trade as the locomotive / flagship。

但是不能机械地对待一切类似的翻译问题，我们的头脑里应该有一点辩证法。比如汉语的“鱼米之乡”(land of fish and rice)，在英语里有一个类似的说法land of milk and honey，但由于land of fish and rice 外国人也能理解，不会造成跨化交流的障碍，所以我们可以采用land of fish and rice的说法，以保留一点中国的特色。

第十：对于暗含的意思，必须把它明白地翻译出来，这样便于外国读者理解。例如，”东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴”中的“晴”字，它是个双关语，有“天晴”和“爱情”的双重意思。我们在翻译的时候，必须做到二者兼顾：

It’s sunny in the east but in the west it’s raining hard.

Whether rain or sunshine, he’s the sunshine in my heart.

再如，“这种鞋油为您足下增光”中的“足下”也是个双关语，翻译的时候也必须把两层意思都表达出来：This shoe shine shines your shoes and you look great.

第十一：有时候，比如翻译诗句，光翻译字面上的意思是不够的，还必须把字里行间的深度、力量和美感表达出来。例如，朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨：不是 Wines and

meats become rotten in the mansions; Dead bones become rotten at the doors of them，而是：In the mansions, rolling luxury allows wine and meat to go rotten away;On the streets, grinding poverty causes dead bodies to freeze and decay.

第十二：汉语和英语在语法语序和句子结构上都有很大的差别。因此，在进行中译英的时候必须要考虑到这些方面的变化。例如，改革开放开放取得了巨大的成就：不是The economic reform and the opening-up have made great achievements.而是把“巨大的成就”当作主语，把主动语态变成被动语态：Great achievements have been made in the economic reform and in our efforts to open-up China to the outside world.综上所述，一个好的翻译人员必须具有高屋见瓴的视角，要懂得翻译的真谛是什么。要想提高汉英翻译水平，必须加强对上述各种意识的培养。必须养成多层次、多角度的思维习惯

第18篇：政府工作报告

政府工作报告2006

政府工作报告

（2006年12月20日在xx镇第五届人民代表大会上）

镇长xxx

各位代表：

现在，我代表镇人民政府向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请列席会议的同志提出宝贵意见。

五年来工作的回顾

过去的五年，镇人民政府在县委、县政府和镇党委的领导下，在镇人大的监督

、支持下，坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻执行党的十六大、十六届三中、四中、五中全会精神及中央、省、地、县经济工作会议精神，坚持以人为本，全面贯彻落实科学发展观，以经济建设为中心，以改革发展为第一要务，抢抓西部大开发和新阶段扶贫开发的机遇，认真履行职责，正确处理好改革、发展、稳定的关系，团结和依靠全镇各族人民，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，全面完成了各项工作目标任务，全镇社会主义民主法制和精神文明建设取得新成效，经济建设和各项社会事业迈上了新的台阶。

一、经济建设持续快速发展，综合实力明显增强，经济发展迈上了一个新的台阶。

全镇地方生产总值从2002年的xxxx万元增加到2006年的

xxxx万元；年均增长8.9，财政收入从2002年的xxx万元增加到2006年的xxxx万元，年均增长7.2；2006年全镇金融信用系统各项存款余额达xxxx万元，是2002年的14倍，各项贷款余额达xxx万元，是2002年的6.9倍。

二、大力实施科技兴农战略，积极推进农村经济结构调整和农业产业化经营，实施惠农政策，促进了全镇农业农村的稳步发展。

——五年来，镇政府加大农业生产良种良法、规范化栽培等技术的推广应用，大力推广农业适用新技术和实施示范带动工程，较好地完成了上级下达的任务。加大农业机耕建设投入，出台农机补贴政策，使全镇农业机耕技术推广取得突破，现全镇有耕整机24台，为全镇广大群众服务，从而推动了全镇农业机械化进程；加大农技培训工作，认真落实农作物病虫害“预防为主，综合防治”方针，从而提高了农业科技含量和农民素质，促进了粮食增产、农业增效和农民增收。根据上级政策，全面取消了农业税和兑现了种食和良种补贴。同时镇政府还出台了对全镇种植大户进行奖励扶助的惠农政策，进一步减轻了农民负担，调动了农民的种粮积极性。

——生态畜牧业发展工作得到加快。五年来全镇进一步加大对畜禽品种改良和科学饲养等技术的推广，搞好技术跟踪服务，提高了全镇畜牧业的科技含量。加强动物疫病防治体系建设，认真贯彻落实上级文件精神，开展全镇畜禽春、秋两防工作，搞好高致病性禽流感和猪链球病防控工作，确保无重大动物疫病发生，提高了畜禽存、出栏率。同时，充分利用资源，发展养殖大户，建立生态养殖小区，以点带面，推行“畜、沼、粮”生态畜牧业发展模式。到目前止，全镇成立了养猪协会1个，建立养殖小区2个，发展养殖大户46户。为了推动了全镇生态畜牧养殖业的发展，镇政府还出台了奖励扶助政策，现全镇已有36户养殖户受奖。

——加强森业资源管理工作，规范林木采伐办证程序和严格审批，有效地控制了全镇森林资源的消耗。积极开展打击各类破坏森林资源及非法占用林地的不法行为和违法分子，加大森防宣传和森防案件的查处力度，使全镇的森林资源得到了有效保护。同时按照上级精神，认真贯彻执行《退耕还林条例》，退耕还林和荒山造林工作成效显著，五年来，全镇实施退耕还林面积9410亩，荒山造林13833亩。

——新阶段扶贫开发工作深入开展，易地移民搬迁工程建设已全面结束，51户移民搬迁对象全部搬入新居，群众生活水平得到明显改善和提高。积极开展种植、养殖适用技术培训和劳动转移培训工作，提高了广大劳动者的素质和生产技能。同时，民政救灾救济工作得到顺利开展，民政优抚、城镇低保和农村特困户救助政策得到落实。全镇落实低保对象“4050”人员再就业2人。

——五年来，全镇农业基础设施建设得到加强，农业抗御自然灾害能力得到进一步增强，农业生态环境和人民群众生产生活条件得到有效改善。先后解决了xxxx村组的人饮工程。2003年“6.26”特大洪灾使全镇损失惨重，农业基础设施损毁严重，给农业正常生产造成了极大的不利，为了克服和解决困难，我镇积极向上级争取资金和加大自身建设投入，取得了一定成效。一是争取到上级资金xxx万元，由水利部门组织实施修复了xxx河水毁河堤。二是镇政府克服困难，分别于2004年和2005年从有限的财力中拨出200余万元，修复了xxxx等水毁河堤和部分农灌沟渠。三是镇政府投入190余万元，对xx水土流失进行了治理。四是省农办投入的农业综合开发项目已开工实施。

——农村生态能源建设取得成效，全镇已建成沼气池420余口。同时为了推进农村生态能源建设，努力改善生态环境，全镇还出台了农户每建成一口沼气池奖励100元，以村为单位建

第19篇：政府工作报告

2007年政府工作报告

各位代表：

现在，我代表××镇人民政府向大会作政府工作报告，请予审查，并请列席人员提出宝贵的意见和建议。

2006年工作回顾

2006年××镇人民政府在县委、县政府、镇党委的正确领导下，在镇人大的监督下，坚持以“三个代表

”重要思想为指导，以经济建设为中心，求真务实，与时俱进，开拓创新，按照作风转变、农民增收、经济发展、社会稳定的总体思路，努力促进全镇社会事业持续、协调、健康发展。

——国民经济快速发展。国内生产总值实现12813万元，递增12%。其中，第一产业实现5368万元，增长10.7％，第二产业实现4043万元，增长31.5％，第三产业实现3402万元，增长17.6％。全镇围绕农民增收，农业结构调整步伐加快，农村经济全面发展，村级债务化解明显加快。2006年人均纯收入实现2860元。围绕退耕还林调整粮经播种面积比例，加大种草养畜力度，畜牧业产值稳步增加。农业产业化经营、小城镇建设、民营企业和劳务输出都有新的发展。

——社会事业协调进步。政府认真加强公民道德建设，实施科技兴镇战略，巩固“两基”成果，深化农村新型合作医疗制度改革。狠抓环境和国地资源保护工作。加强人口与计划生育工作，强化安全和稳定。

一年来的主要工作是：

一、加强理论学习，不断提高执政能力和水平

2006镇政府在县委、政府、镇党委的领导下，认真学习十六大精神，坚定深化改革、解放思想、实事求是的信念，牢固树立了发展意识、创新精神，抢抓发展机遇。

一是不断加强班子民主团结，充分调动干部积极性。

二是自觉接受镇人大的监督，坚持依法行政。

三是不断加强学习，努力提高理论水平。

二、狠抓干部作风和党风廉政建设

坚持民主生活会制度，深入开展批评与自我批评，弘扬民主。认真落实党风廉政建设责任制，把党风廉政建设纳入重要议事日程，确保党风廉政建设的决策和部署的贯彻落实。坚持政务、村务公开制度。加大对村级财务的管理、审计力度，全面完善了村账镇管制度，财务制度规范有序，杜绝了违纪违规现象的发生。

三、加强三个文明建设，狠抓社会事业发展，维护社会稳定

加强公民道德建设.加强对农民教育，提高农民素质，转变农民观念。注重民主法制建设，加强普法工作，促进基层民主法制建设，依法行政，依法治村不断得以深化。

计划生育工作成效明显。2006年全镇计生率达93%以上，人口自然增长率在6‰以内。人口出生率控制在11‰以内。落实避孕节育措施665例，新增父母奖励金对象240对，新增奖励扶助对象8人，落实独生女享受困难补助对象3400人。

认真做好新型农村合作医疗组织发动，截止12月8日全镇参合人数2.8万余人。参合率达91%。认真开展狂犬病防治工作，注射犬只1600只，灾犬300只。有效地杜绝狂犬病的发生。完成无偿献血50人。

2006年按照县委、政府的决策认真开展无房户建房工作。在县扶持基础上自筹捐资0.9万元为39户无房户建房。发放民政优抚金37.7万元，发放救灾救济金5.5万元。投资16万元，修缮万福敬老院。社会保障体系不断改善，切实抓好就业和再就业工作，城镇“低保”实现应保尽保，解决农村户449人。培训农民工856人次，实现再就业761人次。

狠抓安全管理工作，定期和不定期对全镇安全工作开展教育和安全检查，2006年全镇无一件重特大事故发生。积极为民办实事，切实维护农民利益。认真筹备川硫社区水厂改造。维护广播电视传输安全，撤除违法安装的地面卫星接收器670余套。认真做好饮用水界牌设置工作。

四、以经济建设为中心，促进镇域经济持续发展

一是大力调整农业产业结构，促农增收。种植业上，加大林木管护力度。养殖业狠抓生猪品种改良，重点发展规模养殖，努力培植种类养殖专业大户。

二是狠抓私营经济发展。牢固树立工业强镇思想，努力培植私营企业，壮大规模企业。

三是狠抓基础设施建设。多方筹资加强农田水利设施和基础设施建设。维修水渠1公里、电排3个、石田坎14根、山坪塘10余口。新建村道5公里。

四是认真做好新塘坊扶贫新村建设。目前扶贫新村基建工程正在紧张有序地进行。

总结我们的实践经验，归结起来就是，解放思想、实事求是，与时俱进、开拓创新，坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，坚持科学发展、和谐发展、和平发展，求真务实，真抓实干。

一年来，××镇人民政府各项工作取得了一定成绩，这是全镇干部群众齐心协力、顽强拼搏的结果。这些成绩的取得要归功于县委、县政府、镇党委的正确领导，归功于人大的监督督促，归功于县级部门大力支持

，归功于全镇干部的密切配合，归功于全镇人民的大力支持。在此我代表镇人民政府向我镇广大干部群众表示诚挚的感谢！

我们也清醒地看到，我镇经济、产业发展中仍然存在不少矛盾和问题，政府工作还有一些缺点和不足。

一是经济结构矛盾突出。一二三产业比例不合理，工业经济有待加强。

二是经济增长方式粗放。突出表现在能源消耗高

、环境污染重。

三是一些涉及群众利益的突出问题解决得不够好。公路维修、交通安全做得不够好，医疗服务、危岩危房、群众信访、社会治安、安全生产等方面还存在群众不满意的问题，环境保护等方面损害群众利益的问题仍未能根本解决。不少低收入群众生活比较困难。

四是政府自身建设存在一些问题。政府职能转变稍显滞后，有些部门职责不清，办事效率低，效能建设成效巩固存在一定问题。存在这些问题，根本在于制度不健全、监管不到位。

我们必须以对党委、人大及全镇人民高度负责的精神，采取更加有力的措施，切实解决这些问题，决不辜负人民群众的期望。

2007年工作思路

2007年，镇人民政府将坚定不移地贯彻执行党的路线、方针、政策。努力践行“三个代表”重要思想，大力实施“惠民行动”，永葆共产党员先进性。以全面落实党的十六届六中全会精神为核心；以建设社会主义新农村为目标；以科学发展观构建和谐社会；以县委政府建四川丘陵地区经济大县文化名城为主线，以发展为主题，创新为动力；以经济建设为中心，不断提高群众生活质量。进一步加强党的思想建设，制度建设，素质建设，营造良好工作氛围和社会环境。努力完成县委、政府下达的目标任务，着有实效地解决群众实际问题和困难。

政府工作的基本思路和任务是：全面贯彻落实“围绕党的建设抓管理、围绕社会事业建设抓发展、围绕项目抓农业、围绕招商抓工业、围绕制度抓廉政、围绕安全抓稳定” 的指导思想，深入实施“惠民行动”，努力构建和谐社会。以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局,践行“三个代表”重要思想，建设社会主义新农村；以经济发展为中心，不断改善群众生活质量；以素质建设为重点，增强凝聚力和战斗力，全面推进全镇经济和社会事业协调、持续、健康发展。2007年全镇国内生产总值比上年增长11%，力争实现1.5亿元。农业总产值增长4%，力争实现0.6亿元。财政一般预算收入实现17万元，农民人均纯收入增加150元，外出务工总人数确保1万人，招商引资力争实现200万元，计生率达到93%以上。

2007年，镇人民政府将努力做好以下四方面工作：

一、树立工业强镇思想，狠抓工业经济的巩固和发展，切实为企业发展营造良好环境

围绕镇第五次党代会提出的“强力实施工业强镇、项目推进、招商引资”三大战略，牢固树立工业强镇意识。2007年，全镇工业工作的指导思想是：狠抓工业强镇。配合县城工业集中区建设，落实全镇工业集中片规划和建设；做大做强现有工业企业；积极引资兴办企业。

（一）今年仍将实行镇领导联系企业制度。联系企业领导每月应深入企业调查研究，解决企业发展中的困难和问题，确保企业健康发展。

（二）积极支持鼓励现有企业做大做强。一方面要保证三力木业2007年上规模。积极协调万福信用社和三力木业“银企”关系，向企业提供贷款，也要引导企业逐步提高信用程度。树立企业优质品牌意识，引导企业坚持中高档木工板材市场方向发展。另一方面要确保现有4家规模企业进一步提高生产能力和产品品值，提高规模企业工业增加值。

（三）配合县城工业集中区建设，规划我镇工业集中片。

争取县国土资源局的支持，利用省国土资源土地修边的契机，在县工业发展领导小组的重视和帮助下，调整××村公路沿线土地，逐步规划××镇工业集中片区。

（四）注重工业招商引资

2007年要进一步加大对工业项目的招商引资，争取引进2户以上规模企业入住××镇工业集中片区。同时要努力引入科技企业。

（五）储备农业产业化项目。2007年重点包装好三个农业项目：一个是老寨子旅游开发，二是甘蔗的精深加工。三是大力发展双包菇，积极引进双包菇加工企业，争取将双包菇推向国际市场。

（六）加大对企业的服务力度，党委、政府要尽力协调处理好企业外部环境中存在的困难和问题。协调处理“厂社”关系、“银企”关系。积极维护群众的合法权益，既解决群众的实际问题，又给企业创造一个宽松愉快地经营环境。

（七）加大企业外宣力度。宣传部门要重点宣传“三力木业”等强势企业，树立××镇企业品牌形象。

二、围绕项目抓农业，为民办好实事，落实“惠民行动”

今年农业工作的指导思想是：深入实施农业项目推进，积极争取新的农业项目，以点带面，典型引导，着力调整农业产业结构，逐步提高农业产业化经营规模，建设新农村。

（一）抓好退耕还林还草的综合利用，调整农业产业结构要出实效。当前退耕还林核心是抓好工程管护，保证群众退耕还林工程稳得住不反弹。林业部门要把工作落实到退耕还林林地，深入村社做好技术示范，同时要聘请专家定期到退耕林地现场讲解技术。逐步建立各种专业协会，依靠支部加协会开拓市场，提高农户发展林果业的积极性。

（二）狠抓基础设施。2007年要依托扶贫村、农业综合开发土地治理、老寨子水库茅店子支渠、新农村建设等项目，狠抓基础设施建设。集中对部分村进行基础设施建设和完善。同时积极争取上级各种经费补助加大对全镇现有水渠、山坪塘、石田砍整治维修。各村也要充分调动群众积极性加大基础设施新建和整治力度。不断增强抵御各种自然灾害的能力。要认真研究基础设施经营权的转换，确保基础设施的充分利用和管理维护。

（三）抓好扶贫村建设。一方面是做好新塘坊扶贫工程项目建设，加大对山水田林路的综合治理。新塘坊村两委要服从镇有关部门的组织领导，在认真实施农业项目的同时要把经济发展作为今后一段时间工作重点。另一方面要在产业结构调整上出成效。配合经济发展办等相关部门加大对现在林果的管理，认真实施一村一品规划，提高产业化经营效益。要千方百计调动群众积极性发展经济，积极引导群众发展双包菇。

（四）加强公路建设和维护。2007年公路建设的重点是完善通村公路。争取县交通局大力支持，在××、××等尚无村级公路的村新建四级泥结碎石路。并力争将××厂大门至××村通村公路4.5公里路面黑化。各村也要利用通村公路建设的契机抓好村级公路建设。认真实施××村通达公路建设，实施全镇公路联网。对现有的村级公路镇党委、政府要研究切实可行的方案进步维修和整治。在群众支持的基础上、既不过多增加农民负担又科学合理的管理办法，加强对现有的凝结碎石公路的管护。

（五）2007年6月底前完成××等村400口沼气建设任务。争取县农能局项目支持，规划××、××等村沼气国债项目。努力改善群众生活条件。

（六）加强××中心村的经济发展工作。针对××农业产品的历史习惯，加大对××村特色农产品的开发和包装，逐步建立以优质花生为主的新场土特产品专业市场。

（七）努力开发我镇具有特色的农产品。敏捷把握甘蔗市场行情，做好××村甜城18#高产高糖甘蔗品种改良，2007年认真做好10亩优质蔗种引种工作，三年内实现甘蔗品种全部改良。逐步建成18#优质蔗种和优质果蔗基地。包装好甘蔗的精深加工项目，引入甘蔗加工等农业企业。

（八）养殖业上继续推广生猪品种改良，稳步发展山羊、兔业养殖等项目，大力发展畜禽养殖，注重畜禽疫病防治，确保人民生命财产不受损失。经济发展办公室牵头，水电管理站积极组织做好优质水产品的引进和发展，继续推广示范稻田养鱼。

（九）认真组织实施新村建设工程。2007年××村被列为××市重点新农村建设村。××村新村建设拉开了全镇新农村建设的序幕。××新村建设对全镇新村建设具有导向性。新村建设要按照县委、政府提出的“政府引导、部门帮抚、资金整合、村民自治”的原则组织实施。因此，我们既要认真研究新村建设工作迫切需要解决的各种问题，又要探索新村建设的有效途径。新村建设要在反复研究，详细规划的基础上组织有关部门认真实施。要认真把握和研究新村建设的每个细节问题，既要有突破又要有符合和尊重群众意愿，既要体现新村特色，又要调动群众参与积极性，实现村民自治。既要抓硬件投入，更要抓经济发展。既要整合项目资金，又要少花钱多办事，办好事。“建好新村，富裕群众”。

各部门要加强与上级主管部门的业务联系，积极争取各种项目支持。合理规划和综合利用各种项目，按照项目“打捆”使用的原则，集中项目建出亮点，既改善农业生产条件，又要努力增加农民收入。

三、围绕建设服务型政府，加快社会事业发展，促进社会事业全面进步

（一）加强人口与计划生育工作。加大计划生育村民自治力度，认真开展计划生育奖励、扶助等惠农政策，探索独生子女父母养老保险、医疗保险等制度。教育群众转变生育观念，控制生育反弹，稳定低生育，提高人口素质，降低人口性别比，关爱女孩，坚决打击非法胎儿性别鉴定。继续加大计划生育综合治理力度，稳步过渡人口高峰期。重视人口与计划生育事业工作。

（二）进一步加强素质教育，提高教学质量。认真贯彻落实《义务教育法》。巩固“两基”成果，关爱留守儿童。

（三）加快广播电视事业发展。认真实施“村村通”工程，丰富群众精神文化生活，积极维护广播电视安全。

（四）深入推行农村新型合作医疗制度，扩大群众参合面，提高群众参合积极性。加快医疗卫生基础设施建设，改善群众医疗条件。完善突发公共卫生事件应急机制，做好幼儿强制免疫和各种疫病防治工作。

（五）坚持可持续发展战略，认真贯彻保护耕地、保护环境等基本国策。注重经济增长的同时，十分珍惜和利用土地。加大环境保护工作的力度。

（六）强化社会事务管理，关注弱势群体。加大民政扶持力度，关注弱势群体。帮助贫困群众的脱贫解困，加大救灾救济力度。认真做好全镇31户无房建设工作。关爱五保老人，保障基本生活和医疗救治。民政与劳动保障要认真研究再就业工作，加大职业技能培训和再就业工作力度，维护社会稳定。

四、狠抓制度建设，从源头上治理腐败，维护社会安全稳定

（一）加大镇村财务监管力度，积极化解镇村债务

加强支出管理，优化支出结构。严格财经纪律，自觉接受人大、纪委及全体干部的监督。加强村社财务审计，严格执行村级财务有关规定，坚持村级财务审签程序。及时公开政务、村务，接受监督。

（二）强化干部的教育管理，切实转变干部作风

按照一级对一级负责的工作要求，仍然实行办、站、所负责人负责制，并与经济挂勾考核干部，要进一步严肃上下班纪律和请销假制度。

（三）加强部门责任教育，提高服务质量

全镇所有部门要明确自身工作职责，认真照章办事，把解决群众问题，服务群众作为工作重点。不断提升部门形象，充分发挥部门职能作用，各部门要认真按照部门年初计划，扎实有效地推动部门工作。党委、政府也将严格按照上级目标考核要求认真考核各部门。具体考核办法另行文件通知。

（四）落实镇干部分组驻村和部门分类责任制

继续实行公务员分组驻村制度。按去年一样，分组包村；继续实行镇领导定人定项目考核的分组考核机制。

各位代表：

2007年，××镇人民政府将在县委、县政府、镇党委的正确领导，在联系我镇的县级部门的关心支持下，在镇人大的监督下，在全体干部的密切配合下，全镇人民的大力支持下，进一步弘扬民主、精诚团结、励精图志、真抓实干，创造性地开展工作，努力促进全镇各项事业更上新台阶。

回顾过去，我们豪情满怀，展望未来，我们信心百倍。让我们紧密团结在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央周围，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，全面落实科学发展观，全面贯彻党的十六大精神，努力践行“三个代表”重要思想，开拓创新，勤奋工作，为全面建设社会主义新农村，构建和谐××而努力奋斗！

第20篇：政府工作报告

[图文]政府工作报告

政府工作报告——2005年4月11日在峦庄镇第十六届

人民代表大会第四次会议上镇长王军平各位代表：

现在，我代表镇人民政府向大会报告工作，请予审议，并请各位列席人员提出意见。

一、2004年工作回顾

过去的一年，是我镇坚持“234”工作思路和战略，加

快发展，各项工作亮点凸现、进展较快的一年。在镇党委的正确领导下，在镇人大的监督支持下，镇政府坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，团结并带领全镇人民，按照科学发展观的要求，以落实“一号文件”精神为动力，紧紧围绕既定的“234”工作思路，抓住“农民增收、财政增收”两大目标，突出“特色经济、扶贫开发、城镇建设”三大重点，实施“基础设施建设、校舍危改、维护稳定、阳光政务”四大工程，全镇经济和社会事业全面协调健康发展。2004年的各项工作，主要呈现出以下特点：

——一个目标顺利实现。

农民收入增长。全镇农村经济总收入达3446.2万元，农民人均纯收入达1450元。产业对农民增收的贡献份额不断增大，人均产业收入达到1020元。

——两项工作有所突破。

一是农林牧产值有所增长。通过农业产业化的带动和政府行政推动，通过农业、林业、畜牧业三个综合服务中心的优质品种推广及科学技术支撑，全镇农业、林业、牧业市场效益日渐突出。全镇春秋两季粮食复种面积达23000亩，小麦产量500吨，玉米产量2317吨，豆类产量790吨，实现产值757.38万元；止年底，全镇猪饲养量达7500头，羊饲养量达7800只，鸡饲养量达60000只，畜牧业产值达到919.65万元；在不断巩固退耕还林成果的基础上，林业生产有序开展，全年林业总收入达到492.65万元。

二是产业开发取得新进展。依托“千百万”工程的服务推动，根据市场需求和“适度适生”原则，全镇养鸡、养猪小区数量不断增多，规模进一步壮大，基本形成了“一村一品”的格局。全镇养羊大户达50户，养猪大户达32户，养鸡大户达6户，养羊基地村2个，林果基地村2个，中药材基地村2个，烤烟基地村1个，比较规范的产业协会组织11个。全镇肉羊饲养量达7800只，肉猪饲养量达7500头，鸡饲养量达6万只，林果科管7321亩，药材种植2500亩，劳务输出5500人次，人均实现产业收入1020元。

——三大亮点逐步凸现。

一是扶贫开发成效显著。按照村容村貌、基础设施、产业发展和公益事业综合开发、协调发展的要求，坚持走开发式扶贫路子，黄柏岔流域八期农业综合开发、上马石重点村建设顺利竣工，通过了市县验收，村容村貌焕然一新，农民生产生活条件得到根本改善；回龙重点村建设已经启动，年度任务顺利完成；马家坪、四家村农业综合开发工程得到有力巩固和有效利用；河口、汪家沟等村35户生态工赈移民有序实施；坚持“扶贫先扶智”，不断加大农村劳动力转移就业培训和技术培训，共定向培训学生23人，就业23人；加大对产业发展的资金扶持，新投放小额信贷资金20万元，回收再贷资金60万元，累计扶持1745户群众调结构、兴产业；联通、移动两座新基站建成投入使用，电信宽带开通，大大缩减了我镇与外部在信息基础建设方面的差距；中南、河口、卧羊、马家坪四村的农网改造已基本结束，为群众生活生产提供了便利。

二是生态建设成绩斐然。把产业发展、基础设施建设、扶贫开发、退耕还林同生态建设融为一体，不断争取新项目，吸收外部资金投入，发挥项目资金的最大效益。河口、街坊、四家、马峡四村8.28水毁修复工程，河口村八岔河流域治理

一、二期主体工程，马家坪至四家村村道砂石化铺设已经顺利竣工；全镇共完成造林5900亩，实施退耕还林400亩，荒山造林1500亩，历年退耕还林补造2000亩，板栗野生改造1000亩6万株，四旁植树10万株1000亩，义务植树8万株，经济科管10万株，实施天保工程23万亩。

三是教育基础发展迅猛。抢抓各项目在我镇实施的历史机遇，以“两基”复验为契机，把教育基础设施建设放在优先发展的位置，教育硬软件投入创历史新高，全面提高了中小学办学条件。多方争取68万元完成了中心校13间两层宿办楼、河口小学5间教学楼、汪家沟小学8间平房、黄柏岔小学4间两层教学楼、元潭小学8间平房的校建工程；投资10.8万元，投工1640个，高标准建设了各校部室、农技校及校园文化体育设施。

——四项工作平稳运行。

一是人口与计划生育工作正常开展。紧紧围绕创建计划生育优质服务镇目标，以综合治理为突破口，加强四项工作，巩固五项改革成果，使全镇计划生育率达到98.3，三查率达到99.7，手术及时率达100，人口继续稳定在低生育水平，服务水平不断提高。

二是农村社会秩序稳定。在政法部门的大力配合下，以农用车安全、民爆

物品管理、护林防火、防汛以及学校安全为突破口，逐级落实监管责任和各项安全措施，常年开展巡查和综合治理，全镇安全生产形势较好；进行了四次大规模的民间纠纷排查和信访案件调处，确定了专人接待来信来访，落实了专人包抓信访案件调处责任制，及时化解矛盾，调处纠纷，消除不稳定因素；加大对贫困户、救济对象的救助扶持力度，着力解决群众生活中的具体困

难和问题，确保了困难群众的“五不发生”。一年来，全镇社会大局稳定，为经济建设创造了良好的社会环境。

三是“阳光政务”顺利实施。坚持实行政务公开、村务公开、校务公开，增强了政务运行的透明度和规范化，保障了群众的知情权、参与权和监督权；逐步推进“村财镇管”，实行会计集中核算，进一步规范了村级财务的管理体制和运作程序；实行政府集中采购，严格执行“收支两条线”制度，确保了日常办公的正常运转，财政收支基本平衡。

四是精神文明、民主法制建设同步推进。通过开展文明单位、创佳评差、十星级文明村等群众性精神文明创建活动，大力培育了民族精神和健康、向上、积极的生活方式，形成了群策群力谋发展、一心一意搞建设的良好社会氛围；加强未成年人思想道德教育，构建了学校、家庭、社会三位一体，使未成年人健康成长的“绿色空间”；进行了广泛深入的普法教育，全面实施行政执法责任制、亮证执法制、错案追究制、执法评议制等，以制促行，提高全镇依法行政水平，有效推进了农村基层民主法制建设。

通过各项工作的整体推动，全镇农民增收进程明显加快，农村综合经济实力有所提高和突破，农村综合发展能力进一步增强。这些成绩的取得，是在县委、县政府和镇党委的正确领导和亲切关怀下，镇人大的大力支持下，全镇广大干部群众团结奋斗、努力工作的结果。借此机会，我代表镇政府向一年来为我镇经济社会发展做出贡献的广大干部、群众、知识分子、公安干警致以崇高的敬意，向信任和支持政府工作的各位代表、社会各界人士表示衷心的感谢！

回顾一年来的政府工作，我们有以下几点认识和体会：

一是必须坚持把破解“三农”问题，加快农村发展作为第一要务。过去的一年里，我们万众一心，围绕经济建设中心，面对禽流感防治、自然灾害、财政拮据等不利因素，沉着应战、科学调度，及时化解影响加快发展的矛盾和问题。全镇工作的整体部署不变、抓发展的力度不减，始终如一地把基础设施建设、产业发展作为落实中央一号文件精神、破解“三农”问题的抓手，经济发展的亮点不断增多，农民收入较快增长。但是受各种问题的影响和制约，我镇农民增收的长效机制没有形成，经济增长方式比较单一，距离我镇人民实现小康的夙愿还相当遥远，加快发展，时不我待。我们的使命无限光荣，必须保持奋发有为、只争朝夕的精神状态，以“而今迈步从头越”的无畏精神，全力推进我镇各项工作不断进步。

二是必须把维护社会稳定作为第一责任。在过去的一年里，社会大局稳定是我们各项工作不断取得新突破的有力保障。由于我们狠抓安全生产，坚持把人民的生命财产安全放在首要位置，排查安全隐患，落实安全措施，全镇没有发生一例安全事故；由于我们高度重视弱势群体，不断化解调处人民内部的各种矛盾，着力解决困难群众生产生活中的突出问题，全镇人民心齐气顺，目标同向、步调一致；由于我们坚持不懈地打击违法犯罪行为，净化社会风气，才能保持政治安定、大局稳定、经济发展的良好势头。

三是必须坚持正确的发展思路不动摇。实践证明，我镇去年的“234”工作思路和战略是符合峦庄镇情实际和科学发展观要求的，是深得人心的。正是由于我们抓住农民增收这个核心，不断突破工作难点，营造工作亮点，我们才能取得上述成绩；今年的发展思路更加重视农民增收问题，围绕这个问题所实施的各项工作，都是根据峦庄实际做出的决策和部署，我们必须统一思想，明确思路，坚持不懈抓好落实。

四是必须坚持工作到一线，全力抓落实。新形势下，我们必须深入到最基层，倾听群众心声，了解群众意愿，掌握基层实际，做到问题在一线发现，矛盾在一线解决，成果在一线体现；要围绕全镇工作总体部署，理清工作思路，通过问题的逐个解决，工作的逐项落实，获得整体工作的不断进步。

在肯定工作成绩的同时，必须清醒认识到全镇经济社会发展中仍然存在许多困难和问题：一是农业产业化程度低，有效产业链没有形成，经济增长方式单一，对经济的垃动力度不大；二是干部群众的思想解放程度不高，发展意识不强，谋事、干事、干成事的竞争机制没有形成，奋发有为、只争朝夕的创业精神不够振奋，运筹帷幄、决胜市场的创业能力有待提高。三是政府财政极度困难，收支矛盾比较突出，客观上影响和制约了政府职能、干部作风的转变。这些问题和困难，需要我们认真研究加以解决。

二、2005年全镇经济和社会发展的工作思路和主要任务

今年，全镇工作的指导思想和总体要求是：坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，认真贯彻党的十六大和十六届四中全会及中省市会议精神，以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局，围绕“农民增收”一个中心，狠抓“政府职能、干部职能”两个转变，突出“特色经济、扶贫开发、城镇建设”三大重点，实施“基础设施建设、维护稳定、阳光政务、社会事业”四大工程。进一步强化农业基础，繁荣农村经济。坚持以人为本，维护农村稳定，不断推动社会事业全面协调发展，积极构建和谐社会。深入开展社会主义精神文明建设和民主法制建设，为实现经济和社会全面协调可持续发展提供坚强有力的精神动力、智力支持和法制保障。

全镇经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：继续保持全镇经济增长速度高于全县平均水平，达到11以上，稳定提高粮食生产能力，培育开发强势产业，大力发展非公有制经济，促进经济增长方式转变，不断提高农业经济综合实力，增加农民收入；积极争取项目投资，加快重点项目建设，加快小城镇建设，强化农业基础，推进社会事业发展，增强农村经济发展后劲。全年农村经济总收入达到3721万元，增长8，全年农民人均纯收入增长130元，达到1580元，粮食总产量达到3670吨，人口与计划生育工作稳定在低生育水平。

（一）围绕一个中心

促农增收。认真贯彻落实中央两个一号文件精神，坚持“多予、少取、放活”的方针，落实各项支农政策，以基础设施建设、产业开发、科技推广为支撑，提高农业综合生产能力，做好特色经济，不断促进农民收入稳定增长，逐步建立促农增收的长效机制。继续扩大粮食种植面积，提升质量，提高质量，确保粮食安全；全面取消农业税，严格农村公益事业“一事一议”制度，加强农民负担监管，确保农民负担“零增长”，全镇农民人均纯收入预计达到1580元。

（二）抓住两个转变

1、政府职能。要积极探索政府职能转变新途径，在转变政府职能上下大功夫，迈出大步子，逐步改变政府职能服务上的缺位、管理上的错位和越位问题，把工作重心放在加强基层组织建设、维护农村稳定、兴办社会公益事业和基础设施建设上来。

2、干部职能。今年，在干部管理上，打破行业、部门限制，整和人力资源，创造竞聘上岗、人尽其才的良好人事制度环境。鼓励干部走出机关带薪创业，可以回乡任职，带头发展产业，也可以带领群众下海经商、外出务工，也可以带资金、带技术与农户建立风险共担、利益共享的双赢机制，共同发展产业，兴办实体。要通过多种方式，给群众提供资金、政策、信息、市场等全方位的服务，成为联接政府、村组、群众的纽带和桥梁，成为群众致富奔小康的得力助手和知心朋友。

村组干部也要积极转变职能，探索为农服务新途径。各村要结合实际减少小组数量，实行村干部包组包户制度，所有组长一律由护林员、计生中心户长或其他村干部兼任。纠正组长工资由农户承担的做法，减轻村级负担。

（三）突出三大重点

1、特色经济。特色就是生命力，特色就是竞争力。我们的产业越是特色化，就越能市场化，甚至国际化。要加强调研，深入研究我镇在经济发展上的资源优势、区位优势和劳动力优势，坚定不移地推进农业结构调整，依靠科技进步，发展具有市场潜力和峦庄特色的养殖业、种植业，逐步大产业规模。要努力探索农业向工业化发展的新路子，延长产业在生产、服务、流通领域的链条，加强产业发展的前后向联系，努力培育新的经济增长点，形成产业链和产业群，形成产业的比较优势和规模效益。继续扩大富余劳动力的转移规模，提高集约化、组织化程度，做大做强劳务产业，做出品牌，提高效益。今年，要继续巩固河口、中南两个肉羊基地，不断提高产出和效益，认真扶持养猪、养鸡产业，发展大户，扩张规模，提升质量，建小区、建基地；鼓励群众发展坎埝经济，因地制宜发展中药材和林果，继续加强中南、马家坪两个林果基地村及全镇林果业的科管，不断提高科技含量；全力扶持马家坪烤烟种植示范基地，在干部力量予以全力支持，在资金给予倾斜，在技术、信息给予全方位服务，为今后推广树立样板，积累经验；结合干部带薪创业、“千百万”工程等方式，加快劳务输出的产业化和转型，扩大劳务输出的数量，提高农民现金收入。止年底，全镇羊、猪、鸡饲养量分别突破10000只、10000头和70000只，发展中药材1000亩，林果科管10万株，发展烤烟200亩，劳务输出5500人次，人均产业收入实现1200元。

继续稳定粮食种植面积，提高复种指数，推广增产技术，使全年粮食复种面积稳定在23000亩以上，总产稳定在3670吨左右。

2、扶贫开发。不断总结我镇在扶贫开发方面的经验和教训，坚持“输血式”和“造血式”扶贫二策并举，把重点放在强化农业基础、加强生态治理、加快产业开发上来，合理调度使用资金，提高项目建设的生态和经济效益。要继续实施河口回龙重点村建设，坚持高起点规划、高标准施工，确保年度任务如期完成；加快实施工赈生态移民，力争在年内35户搬迁户全部建成新房，告别“三不通”历史；启动已经立项的元潭高寒边远山区贫困村基础设施建设项目，加大投入，一次建设到位，建设精品工程；加强项目建后管理，切实提高项目建设的利用率和效益，为农业生产提质增效提供支持；要加大农村劳动力转移就业培训和技术培训，全年培训贫困人口30人次；继续加大扶贫信贷资金再贷力度，争取新的扶贫资金投入，支持群众发展主导产业。

3、城镇建设。加大上县进省力度，力争建设规划通过审批，多方协调，争取资金，启动并完成水磨大桥和过境公路建设，开展城镇建设前期准备、政策宣传和征地工作，把这一深得民心的百年大事办快办好。加强镇区综合管理，杜绝占道经营，加大卫生管理整治力度，改善人居及投资环境，为吸引外来人员、增加城市容量奠定基础。努力把峦庄建设成为豫陕交界地带农副产品交易的集散中心，提高集市贸易的知名度、综合性和辐射力，引导群众闯市场，促进特色经济的发展。

（四）实施四大工程。

1、基础设施建设工程。积极实施“项目带动”战略，抢抓“一号文件”落实机遇，争取农业综合开发、流域治理、公路建设、农网改造、通讯设施建设等更多的符合镇情需要的项目纳入县市计划盘子，吸引外部资金投入，统筹项目资金，调剂捆绑使用，集中财力，大搞一批基础设施建设项目。要组织劳力和资金突击完成八岔河流域治理三期工程的年度任务，争取以高效优质工程通过验收；争取汪家沟流域治理工程立项并启动实施前期工程，争取卧羊村、西楼村、中峰河流域治理能够正式立项，尽早实现我镇流域治理的无空段全覆盖，夯实农业综合发展的基础；启动实施中南、马家坪、汪家沟三村的“村村通”工程，建成黄柏岔联通基站和镇区小灵通基站，进一步提高我镇有线电视和移动通信的覆盖范围，进一步消除我镇与市场对接的“信息壁垒”；进一步优化施工环境，配合实施丹—庾—峦四级油路峦庄段改造工程；打通马家坪至河南兰草、回龙至河南官坡两条出境公路，完成马家坪至四家村油路立项及铺设任务；积极协调相关部门，抓早动快，完成西楼等部分村组的农网改造工程和卧羊、四家村的人饮工程。

2、维护稳定工程。坚持以人为本，按照“发展是第一要务，稳定是第一责任”的要求，围绕创建“安全峦庄”，高度重视和努力做好安全生产和社会稳定工作。坚持不懈抓好安全生产，时刻绷紧安全生产重于泰山这根弦，严格落实安全生产责任制，完善各项管理制度，落实防范措施，加强对农用车、农鼠药、森林安全、防汛等重点工作的监管和整治，消除各类安全隐患，预防重特大事故的发生。各级领导、干部都要充分认识做好信访工作对于社会稳定的重要性，正确认识和处理人民内部矛盾，要认真落实各级领导“信访接待日制度”，着力解决影响社会稳定的突出问题和矛盾，切实把矛盾解决在基层。要切实发挥基层治保调解组织的第一道防线作用，常年开展矛盾纠纷排查，做好社会稳定的基础性工作；要加强民主法制建设，严厉打击各种违法犯罪活动，认真开展反邪教警示教育和利用邪教组织从事违法犯罪活动的打击治理，不断增强公众安全感，推进依法治镇进程。今年，要完成镇司法所办公楼建设和规划化司法所建设，从根本上提高司法工作环境。各级领导、各位干部要转变作风，深入基层，变上访为下访，访问民情，时刻关心群众生活，掌握困难群众的冷暖疾苦，落实各种救助措施，要想群众之所想，急群众之所急，帮助困难群众找项目、找资金，发展产业，逐步走向富裕之路，不断缩小贫富差距。

3、阳光政务工程。重视扩大基层民主，开展普法教育，开展民主法制示范村创建活动，加强村民自治；精心组织第六届村民委员会换届选举工作，认真搞好换届后的村务、财务交接工作；认真开展村务公开、校务公开、政务公开，保障群众的知情权、监督权和参与权，依法落实好群众的民主权利；加快形成政府行为规范、运转协调、公正透明、廉洁高效、决策民主的行政运行体制，提高政府科学决策、依法管理公共事务、提供公共服务、保障公共安全的能力和水平；继续加强政府集中采购职能，加强政府采购的法制化，厉行节约，严格监管，增强财政调控能力。

4、社会事业工程。紧扣创建计划生育优质服务镇目标，坚持政策推进、法制管理、规范服务，推进计划生育综合改革，认真落实“三个一”领导体制和“一票否决”的工作机制，健全完善“村为主”基层计生网络，积极开展“关爱女孩行动”，加大综合服务力度，及时兑现优惠政策。进一步稳定低生育水平，提高综合服务能力，遏制出生人口性别比升高势头；进一步加强农村卫生基础建设，提高我镇整体医疗水平，实施食品药品放心工程，使群众看得起病，看得好病。今年，要积极协调配合县卫生部门完成峦庄中心医院住院楼建设；我镇的学校硬件建设通过近年来特别是去年的大量投入，整体水平已处于全县前列，今年要利用“两免一补”等措施保证义务教育阶段学生入学率，切实加强学校两个常规管理，加强学校班子和教师队伍建设，深入开展课程改革，不断提高教育教学质量努力创建省级教育强镇；围绕主导产业，加强农民科学技术教育和培训，不断提高我镇农民的科学文化素质；利用各种有利时机，开展群众喜闻乐见、丰富多采的文化体育活动，丰富群众的精神文化生活，培养群众积极向上，健康文明的生活方式；积极推进农村改革，加大减负力度，创造农民休养生息的大环境。今年要全面取消农业税，取消各种非税收入，规范“一事一议”程序及范畴，严格管好用好义务工和积累工，镇村统一实施的基础设施建设项目要量村量力而行，不增加农民负担，坚持好推磨转圈、以工换工、大体平衡的互助制度。

三、切实加强自身建设，努力创建“五型政府”

历史的重任，时代的挑战，对政府工作提出了更高要求。我们必须加强学习、转变职能、狠抓落实、锐意创新、勤政廉洁，努力建设“五型政府”，提高执政绩效，建设人民和党满意的政府。

（一）建设学习型政府，夯实执政基础。以保持党员先进性教育活动为契机，深入开展学习型机关创建活动，坚持用邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想武装头脑，认真领会十六大、十六届三中和四中全会精神，着眼新的实践，不断更新知识层次和思维方式，推进思想解放，增强公仆意识、创新意识和责任意识，不断提高政府机关运用科学发展观指导经济工作的能力，科学谋划发展的能力，驾驭市场经济的能力，依法行政的能力，努力建设政治坚定、业务精通、清正廉洁、作风优良的公务队伍。

（二）建设服务型政府，提高执政能力。积极推进政府职能转变，适应市场经济发展要求，发挥政府宏观调控、提供公共产品、护卫公共安全的职能作用，减少和规范行政审批，强化市场经济意识，更多地运用市场机制推进工作。改变计划经济体制下形成的直接干预微观经济活动的做法，改变主要用行政手段管理经济的方式方法，更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用。强化政府社会管理和公共服务职能，协调各种利益关系，建立健全预警和应急机制，提高保障公共安全和处理突发事件的能力。促进政府部门严格依法行政，更好地为基层、为农村服务；不断加强社会事业、安全稳定、矛盾调处、困难群体保障等工作，鼓励机关富余人员带薪创业，探索为农服务新途径。推行“透明行政”和“阳光行政”，始终把政府行为置于党的纪律监督、人大的法律监督、政协的民主监督、社会及新闻媒体的舆论监督之下。

（三）建设落实型政府，增强执政绩效。牢固树立亲民爱民思想，坚持维护群众利益高于一切，关心群众疾苦重于一切，解决群众困难先于一切，亲历亲为抓落实，把政府工作做实、做细。加强督促检查，完善考核办法，对决策定了的事理清“线路图”，列出“时间表”，少说多做，一抓到底，干出成效，以实干的精神取信于民，用实干的绩效造福于民。坚决反对形式主义、官僚主义，努力实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民群众的根本利益。

（四）建设创新型政府，提升执政水平。适应科学发展观的要求。用正确的政绩观和新的行政理念推进政府工作。完善公众参与、专家论证和政府决策相结合的决策机制，健全决策制度，规范决策程序，提高决策科学化、民主化水平。对涉及经济社会发展全局的重大决策，广泛征询各方面意见；对专业性、技术性较强的重大事项，认真进行专家论证和决策评估；对涉及公共利益的重大事项，实行社会公示和听证，真心听取群众意见。对超越权限、违反程序决策造成重大损失的，坚决追究决策者的责任。切实降低行政运行成本，使政府各项工作经得起群众的评判，经得起后人的评论，经得起历史的检验。

（五）建设廉洁型政府，巩固执政地位。落实中纪委五次全会和各级廉政工作会议精神，按照“为民、务实、清廉”的要求，建立健全教育、制度、监督并重的惩治和预防腐败体系。切实加强廉政建设，进一步健全和完善党风廉政建设责任制，落实“一岗双责”，狠抓领导干部廉洁自律，加大对失职渎职、破坏投资环境等典型案件的查办力度，扎实做好预防职务犯罪工作。大力纠正部门和行业不正之风，坚决刹住“三乱”和吃拿卡要歪风，防止农民负担反弹，巩固治理中小学乱收费成果。对重点项目和扶贫资金实行全程监督，努力从源头上治理腐败。管好政府系统干部，严格遵守“五不许”和省委“七条禁令”，真正做到严以律已、清正廉洁，权为民用，情为民系，利为民谋，树立人民公仆的良好形象。

各位代表，峦庄这方热土，正焕发着勃勃生机和活力。光辉事业，热血铸就。让我们在县委、县政府和镇党委的领导下，依靠全镇人民的团结奋斗，抢抓先机，扎实工作，为构建和谐、共建小康贡献新的力量，创造新的辉煌！

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