长城
the Great Wall 人民大会堂 Great Hall of People 颐和园 the Summer Palace 香山
the
Fragant Hill 天安门广场 Tian An Men Square 人民英雄纪念碑 Monument to the People\'s heros 毛主席纪念堂 the Memoral Hall to Chairman Mao 天坛
the Temple of Heaven 北海公园
Beihai Park 亚运村
Asian Games Village 首都机场
the Capital Airport 首都体育馆 the Capital
Gymnasium 民族文化馆 the National Cultural Palace 北京动物园 Beijing Zoo 中国人民历史博物馆 Museum of Chinese History and the Chinese Revolution 中国人民军事博物馆 Mlitary Museum of the Chinese People\'s
Revolution 农业展览馆 the Agriculture Exhibition Hall 中国美术馆
the Chinese Art Gallery 乾清宫 Palace of Heavenly Purity
御花园 the Gate of Devine Might; the Imperial Garden
居庸关 Juyong Pa
八达岭长城 Great Wall at Badaling
慕田峪长城 Great Wall at Mutianyu
天坛 The Temple of Heaven 圜丘 the Circular Mound Altar
回音壁 Echo Wall
祈年殿 the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest
明十三陵 The Ming Tombs 北海公园 Beihai Park 雍和宫 Yonghegong Larmasery 白云观 The White Cloud Taoist Temple 北京孔庙 Beijing Confucius Temple 国子监 The Imperial College 潭柘寺 Tanzhe Temple 圆明园 The Ruins of Yuanmingyuan 初级商务英语（-）
周口店北京猿人遗址 Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian
中华民族园 Chinese Ethnic Culture Park
世界公园 Beijiang World Park 中华世纪坛 China Century Altar 清华大学 Tsinghua University 昆明湖 Kunming Lake
金水桥 the Golden Devine Might
神武门 the Gate of Devine Might
司马台 Simatai Fort
午门 the Meridian Gate
万寿山 Longevity Hill
紫金山天文台 Purple and Gold Hills Observation okky
周口店遗址 Zhoukoudian Ancient Site
少年宫 the Children\'s Palace
烽火台the Beacon Tower
清东陵 Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty
Tian’anmen Square
On
October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the
founding of the People’s Republic of China.Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine.Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”.Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world.The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history.It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.
THE Great Wall To the northwest and north of Beijing, a huge, serrated wall zigzags it\'s way to the east and west along the undulating mountains.This is the Great Wall, which is said to be visible from the moon.
Construction of the Great Wall started in the 7th century B.C.The vaal states under the Zhou Dynasty in the northern parts of the country each built their own walls for defence purposes.After the state of Qin unified China in 221 B.C., it joined the walls to hold off the invaders from the Xiongnu tribes in the north and extended them to more than 10,000 li or 5,000 kilometers.This is the origin of the name Of the \"10,000-li Great Wall\".
The Great Wall was renovated from time to time after the Qin Dynasty.A major renovation started with the founding of the Ming Dynasty in 1368, and took 200 years to complete.The wall we see today is almost exactly the result of this effort.With a total length of over 6,000 kilometers, it extends to the jiayu Pa in Gansu Province in the west and to the mouth of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the east.What lies north of Beijing is but a small section of it.
The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world.It is one of the few man-made objects on earth that can be seen on the moon.It dates from about 770 BC.It is more than 6000 kilometres long, 6-7 metres high and 4-5 metres wide.All the work was done by hand.Many people were forced to work on the wall.Now the Great Wall has become a place of interest.We all know the famous Chinese saying: “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” (不到长城非好汉)
初级商务英语（-）
十三陵的介绍（中英对照）
十三陵在北京西北郊，距城约五十
公里，是明朝（公元1368至1644年）十三个皇帝的陵墓。
定陵是明朝第十个皇帝和他的两个皇
后的墓，定陵的地下宫殿 （underground palace） 是于1956至1957年第一个被发掘出来的地下建筑。
定陵是由五个殿 (hall) 组成，全部为石
结构，总面积1195平方米。前、中殿各高7.2米，左右配殿高7.1米。在中殿摆设有3个“宝座” (throne)。后殿高达9.5米是放置棺木的地方。 定陵的陪葬物 (grave goods) 有金银珠
宝、玉器 (jadeware) 、瓷器 (chinaware) 、漆器(lacquerware) 、丝织品 (silk goods) 共3000余件。 The Ming Tombs are located in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing ,about fifty kilometers from the city.They are the tombs of thirteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty (1368----1644 A.D).
Dingling is the tomb of the tenth emperor of the Ming Dynasty and his two emprees.Its underground palace was the first of the underground structures excavated between 1956 and 1957.
Dingling consists of five chambers, all built of stone.Its total area is 1,195 square metres.The Ante-chamber and the Central Chamber are 7.2 metres high each.Two Side Chambers are 7.1 meters high each.In the Central Chamber there are three thrones,.The Back Chamber, 9.5 metres high, is the place where the coffins are kept.
The grave goods of Dingling number over 3,000 pieces in all, including gold, silver, pearls, jewels, jadeware, chinaware,
lacquerware, silk goods.故宫英文介绍
Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is approached through Tiananmen Gate.Immediately to the north of the Palace Museum is Prospect Hill (also called Coal Hill), while on the east and west are Wangfujing and Zhongnanhai neighborhoods.
The Palace Museum, historically and artistically one of the most
comprehensive Chinese museums, was established on the foundation of the palace that was the ritual center of two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, and their collections of treasures.Designated by the State Council as one of China\'s foremost protected monuments in 1961, the Palace Museum was also made a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987. 北京
Beijing is an ancient city with a long history.Back in 3000 years ago in Zhou dynasty, Beijing, which was called Ji at the moment, had been named capital of Yan.Thereafter, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty all made Beijing their capital.Therefore, Beijing was famous for \"Capital of a thousand years\". The long history leaves Beijing precious cultural treasure.Winding for several kilometers in Beijing area, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure that could been seen in the space.The Summer Palace is a claic composition of ancient royal gardens, and the Forbidden City is the largest royal palaces in the world.Tiantan is where the emperor used to fete their ancestors, and also the soul of Chinese ancient constructions.The four sites above has been confirmed world cultural heritage by UNESCO.However, the best representatives for Beijing are the vanishing Hutongs and square courtyards.Through hundreds of years, they have become symbol of Beijing\'s life.Tian\'anmen square being still 初级商务英语（-）
brilliant today with cloverleaf junctions and skyscrapers everywhere, the old-timey scene and modern culture are combined to present a brand new visage of Beijing.
As Beijing has been confirmed home city of Olympics 2008, the spirit of \"green Olympics, scientific Olympics and humanized Olympic\" will surely bring more and more changes to Beijing, promote the development of sports and Olympics in China as well as in the world, and strengthen the friendly communications between Chinese and foreign people.
The Temple of Heaven was initially built in Yongle year 18 of the Ming Dynasty (in 1420).Situated in the southern part of the city, it covers the total area of 273 hectares.With the additions and rebuild during the Ming, Qing and other Dynasties, this grand set of structures look magnificent and glorious, the dignified environment appears solemn and respectful, it is the place for both Ming and Qing Dynasty\'s Emperors to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest.The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square, implies \"sky is round and earth is square\" to better symbolize heaven and earth.The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, dividing the whole Temple into inner and outer areas, with the main structures enclosed in the inner area.The most important constructions are the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, the Circular Mound Altar, Imperial Heaven, The Imperial Vault of Heaven, Heaven Kitchen, Long Corridor and so on, as well as the Echo Wall, the Triple-Sound Stone, the Seven-Star Stone and others of historic interest and scenic beauty.The Temple of Heaven is a comprehensive expreion of the unique construction
techniques from Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is China\'s most treasured ancient architecture, it is also the world\'s largest architectural complex for worship heaven.In 1998, it was included in the \"list of the world heritages\" by the United
Nation\'s Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Do you know? There are four wonderful sounds in the Temple of Heaven! It\'s worth your time to study the four wonderful sounds.
1.The echo from the Echo WallIf you speak while standing on the 18th stone in front of The Imperial Vault of Heaven, the sound can clearly pa to the northeast corner of the north side hall and the northwest of the west side hall that are both 36 meters away.The sound can be heard just as well on the stone when speaking from the corners of these two side halls, this is what we call the \"Sound of the Dialogue Stone\".
3.Repeating sounds of the Triple-Sound StoneThere is a stone plate in the center of the Circular Mound Altar called the Heaven\'s Center Stone.Shouting aloud standing above, you will hear the reverberation of the echo.This is due to the refraction of the sound.
Beijing Municipality
As the capital of the People\'s Republic of China, Beijing is the nation\'s political,
economic, cultural and educational center as well as being the most important center in China for international trade and
communications.It has been the heart and soul of politics and society throughout its long history.By the time of the Warring States
Period (476 BCjust one room short of the number that ancient Chinese believed
represented divine perfection.Once having entered the Forbidden City, visitors are
transported to a spacious world of great luxury that had a culture of its own.For five centuries, this palace functioned as the administrative center of the country as well as being the
pleasur\"Tian\'anmen Tower\"e home of the emperors and emprees who were served by thousands of people.Walking along the corridors and through various rooms it becomes easy to understand the impact of the rulers who lived here and their isolation from the rest of Chinese life.Regardle of how much history you have read, or movies featuring the Forbidden City you have seen, the place itself is not to be mied by any Beijing visitor.(Self-guided audio tour tapes are available in several languages at the entrance.)
For a peaceful and interesting stroll, visit one of Beijing\'s many beautiful parks, such as Beihai Park, which was probably built by the Great Khan centuries earlier than the Forbidden City.This park was enjoyed by the various rulers of China for hundreds of years and features pavilions, architecturally interesting walkways, the 27-meter-long (about 88 feet) Nine Dragon Screen (built to scare off evil spirits), a jar that is the last remnant of the Khan\'s court that had been there, the Five Dragon Pavilion dating from the mid 1600\'s, and a large lake with an island in the middle.Another park that is a definite \"must see\" is the Summer Palace, a famous claic imperial garden with breathtaking beauty.Bold and generously designed, the northern gardens skillfully blend into the exquisite delicacy of the southern gardens.The Summer Palace holds a special place in the history of Chinese gardens.These are only two of the many majestic gardens in Beijing.Sometimes, you can find exceptional gardens within or surrounding Beijing\'s many ancient temples.
Beijing has many beautiful temples that at one time served as the focus for religious life.Temple of Heaven is the largest group of structures in the country dedicated to rituals that pay homage to heaven.This temple was built specifically for the worship of heaven and 初级商务英语（-）
prayers for good harvests during the time of the Ming and Qing dynasties.There are two amazing acoustical spots here.On the top of the tri-leveled round altar (originally built in the 1500\'s) there is a spot where your words reverberate around you.You can easily
imagine the power that temporal rulers felt as their prayers for abundance echoed as if they iued down from the heavens.The other is at the Echo Wall that partially encloses a circular courtyard that is 65 meters (213 feet) in
diameter.Words whispered at one end travel along the wall and can be heard clearly by someone listening at the other end.The entire temple complex is a treasure of ancient
Chinese architectural design and art.Symbolic shape combinations (the temples are round on square bases signifying heaven and earth) and various mystical numbers are the basis for much of the design work.The temple structures themselves are stunning works of art.All of this and more is set in the midst of a beautiful park.
There are many other fascinating temples in Beijing, among which are: the Yunju Temple, which houses the most stone inscriptions of Buddhist scriptures in the world, the White Cloud Taoist Temple, which is one of the oldest and still the most active of Taoist temples in Beijing, and the Temple of Confucius.Visiting these temples can help elucidate three primary philosophies that formed the basis for early Chinese life and culture.For example, much of traditional Chinese medicine\'s principles and theories were derived from the work of Taoist doctors and masters.
The largest city central square in the world, the solemn and respectful Tiananmen Square is not only the symbol of Beijing but also the symbol of China.This immense courtyard is the site of many historic events.The square is surrounded
by a variety of significant edifices: Chinese Revolution History Museum, Mao Mausoleum, Great Hall of the People, the elegant and beautiful Tiananmen (Heavenly Peace Gate), and Qianmen (Front Gate).The daily flag ceremony at the square, performed at sunrise and sunset each day, is most exceptional and well-worth making time to view.
Zhong Nan Hai The Great Wall is one of the eight wonders of the world and is the only man-made structure that is visible from the moon.This immense wall was built to keep out invaders as well as to retain the inhabitants.It spans five provinces (6,700 kilometers, or 2,587 miles) from Shanhaiguan Pa in the east to Jiayuguan Pa in the west.Like a gigantic dragon, it winds up and down acro deserts, gralands and mountains.Just outside Beijing, it is poible to climb a section of the Great Wall and enjoy a splendid panoramic view that you will remember for the rest of your life.
Other famous Beijing attractions include the Ming Tombs, the burial site of 13 ancient emperors; the Drum Tower built in the 1400\'s; Tiantan Park with its excellent Ming architectures; Fragrant Hills Park; the Ancient Observatory that dates back to the days of Kublai Khan; The Silk Market; Botanical Gardens; the Indian-designed Temple of Azure Clouds and many, many more wondrous places.Any reader of the claic The Dream of Red Mansions will want to visit Prince Gong\'s Mansion of the 18th Century, which is purported to be the model for mansion in the novel.
History
How can one city boast so many phenomenal places? Beijing\'s long and illustrious history starts approximately 500,000 years ago.It is here that the ancestors of modern Homo 初级商务英语（-）
sapiens, Peking men, lived in caves.Records show that Beijing has been an inhabited city for more than three thousand years and has lived through invasions, devastating fires, dynasties, warlords, Anglo-French troops and has
emerged each time as a strong and vibrant city.For more than 800 years, Beijing was a capital city - from the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties.Thirty-four emperors have lived and ruled in Beijing and it has been an important trading city from earliest days.Although now Beijing is modern, fashionable and full of 21st Century vitality, you can experience authentic Beijing life and become acquainted with \"old Beijing\" by exploring many tea houses, temple fares, Beijing\'s Hutong and Courtyard and enjoy the Peking Opera.Adding these to your Beijing tour, you will leave feeling in your heart a special
appreciation for this ancient city that has truly seen it all and tells its story with matchle grace and beauty.
China Silk Carpet Gallery When to go
Beijing is close to Tianjin Municipality and is partially surrounded by Hebei Province.
Beijing covers a total area of more than 16,800 square kilometers (6,487 square miles) and has a population of 13.82 million people.Beijing\'s climate is a semi-humid, continental climate with an average temperature of 12C.It\'s rainy season, which brings most of its nearly 600 millimeters of rain, starts in July and ends in August.Beijing summers are very hot and rainy while winters in Beijing are dry, cold, and snowy.The short spring season is temperate and autumn is clear and clean.
Beijing is at its best in late spring and autumn, particularly during the months of May, September, and October when people can enjoy bright sunlight and blue skies
