Unit Six Risks Teaching Objectives 1.To understand the definition about risks; 2.To inform ourselves about the relevant risks and then act accordingly; 3.Enable the students to learn how do we measure the level of a risk; 4.To learn to have a proper methods about manage risks; 5.Some important new words and phrases should be mastered.
Teaching allotment 6 academic hours 1) 1-2 Preparation(first week )
2) 3-4 In-Cla Reading: Risks and You(first week) 3) 5-6 After-Cla Reading & Exercises(second week )
Focus Points 1.Key words & phrases
accordingly,definitive,exposure,fraction,inflate,miner,partial,physician,probability,ratio, riskine,risky,roughly,symptom,versus,all manner of, end up, feed on, in question, on the strength of ,reduce to 2.Difficult sentences
1.At some time or other, all of us have played the part of a hypochondriac, imagining that we have some terrible disease on the strength of very minor symptoms.
2.But fear of disease is not our only fear, and neither is risk of disease the only risk we run. 3.It is much more difficult when anxiety about other forms of risk is concerned, because with many risks, the situation is not as simple..4.But what if you get hit from the side and end up trapped inside the vehicle, unable to escape because of a damaged seat belt mechanism?.5.There are risks, often potentially serious one, aociated with every hobby we have, every job we take, and every food we eat－in other words, with every action.6.The answer is that you are roughly twice as likely to die in a serious crash in a small car than in a large one.
7.In the case just discued, we would find the relative safety of car travel and coal mining by dividing the numbers of lives lost in each by the number of people participating in each.
8.Once we understand that risk can never be totally eliminated from any situation and that, therefore, nothing is completely safe, we will then see that the iue is not one of avoiding risks altogether but rather one of managing risks in a sensible way.
Methods of Teaching 1) Using multi-media teaching equipment 2) Group-Discuion
Ⅰ.Suggested Cla Activities:
I. Warming-up Activity: preparation
Purpose: Get to know more information of risks, including in life, jobs Form:
Group discuion and individual statement Step 1:
work in pairs to discu different types of risks
Step 2:
report the results to the cla: you need to get the time of effort in each activity Suggested words/expreions: Extreme Sports, Motocro, Cyclocro, Bungee Jumping
II.Activity for further development: Why would People Like to Take Risks?
Purpose: Let them know reasons of taking risks.Form:
Group discuion and individual statement Step 1: Work in groups to discu why would people like to take risks? Step 2:
Reports your ideas to the cla and informs some quotes Step 3: The teacher may give some decisions Suggested words/expreions: Extraordinary things Ⅱ.In-Cla Reading Words and phrases 1.risk Some phrases with “risk”: at risk 处于危险之中
The disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.Heart disease can be avoided if people at risk take medical advice.at the risk of 冒······的危险
He saved my life at the risk of losing his own.run the risk of 冒······的危险
1.I don’t want to run the risk of meeting George.2.I was afraid to run the risk of betting on the game.take a risk / risks 冒险做可能失败或危险的事 1.You are taking a big risk driving so fast.2.But he must be cautious; he must take no unneceary risks.2.play the part of play the role of 扮演······的角色
He played the part of Hamlet in the play. 他在剧中扮演哈姆雷特的角色。 3.on the strength of on the base of; relying on; with the support or help of 基于，由于······的影响，凭借 She was hired on the strength of her computer skills.基于她的计算机能力，她被录用了。
I bought the book on the strength of your recommendation. 我是因为听了你的推荐才买这本书的。 4.pose v.
give rise to (a difficult or dangerous situation) 提出；造成，形成 Some phrases with “pose”
pose a problem/difficulty/ risk/threat/challenge/question 1.Officials claim the chemical poses no real threat.2.Rising unemployment is posing serious problems for the administration.3.They had been expected to pose a serious challenge to the main parties.5.indefinitely
adv.for a period of time without a fixed limit 无限期地 She was allowed to keep the book indefinitely. 她被允许无限期保存那本书。 cf.definite Let’s fix a definite date for the next match.我们定一下下次比赛的确切日期吧。 6.partial
adj.
1.not complete 部分的，不完全的
She could only enjoy a partial recovery.
她只是部分地恢复了健康（她还没有完全康复）。
2.unfairly supporting one person or one group against another 偏向一方的，偏袒的，不公正的
You are expected to keep your judgment away from any partial attitudes.你必须让自己的判断客观公正。 7.rather adv.
to a fairly large degree 相当，颇；有点儿
I realize that I’ve been rather stupid and selfish.Some phrases with “rather”: rather than: instead of取代，而不是
1.It would be better to make a decision now, rather than leave it until later.2.It was what he meant rather than what he said that annoyed me.would rather prefer to do or have something宁愿„
I would rather you didn’t mention this matter to anyone else.or rather used before correcting something that you have said, or giving more specific information更精确的说，倒不如说
We all went in Vic’s car, or rather his father’s.not„ but rather„ used to say that one thing is not true but a different thing is不是„而是 The problem is not their lack of funding, but rather their lack of planning.8.may well to be likely to 很可能 You may well be right.
She may well change her plans.cf.may/might (just) as well have no strong reason, not to 不妨，可以 It’s obvious she is not going to answer the door; we may as well leave.might as well 如指现在的情况，语气比may as well更委婉 It’s no good waiting for the bus, we might as well walk.9.accidentally adv.happening by chance, not by plan or intention 偶然地，意外地
This morning I accidentally met with a friend with whom I have never kept in touch for a long time.cf.incidentally used for adding something to what was said before, either on the same or another subject，=by the way顺便说一下
I must go now.Incidentally if you want that book I’ll bring it next time.10.otherwise adv.1.in a different way; differently 不同地
She said that young contestant would lose, but I thought otherwise.她认为那位年轻的参赛者会输，我的看法却不是这样。
2.apart from that; in other ways（在）其他方面
It was a bit long, but otherwise it was a good film.
那影片是长了一点儿，其它方面倒还不错。 conj.if not（在不同情况下）否则
I’ve got one more page to write; otherwise I’ve already finished.我又多写了一页，不然的话已经完成了。 11.reduce...to
1.to bring (esp.) someone to a weaker or unfavorable state 使某人陷入某种（通常指更坏的）状态或状况中
It is greed that reduced him to a prisoner.贪婪让他变成了阶下囚。 2.to change something to its parts 将某事物概括或简化成某种形式 The president’s speech can be reduced to three main points.总统的演讲可以被归纳为三点。 3.to bring something to a smaller number or amount 使变为，使化为 The fire reduced the palace to ashes.一场大火把宫殿化为灰烬。 12.accordingly
adv.1.in a way that is appropriate to the situation 相应地
The weather has changed suddenly.Accordingly, we must alter our plans for camping. 2.as a result of something 因此，从而
There are a great number of readers who are crazy for martial arts novels.Accordingly, Mr.Jin Yong could enjoy a high status in today’s Chinese literature.
无数的读者对于武侠小说如痴如醉。因此，金庸先生能够在当今中国文坛享有很高的地位。 in accordance with 按照，依照
He was buried in his hometown, in accordance with his wishes.13.ae v.1.carefully consider a situation, person, or problem in order to make a judgment 评价，评定 It’s difficult to ae the effects of that new legislation just yet. 现在还难以评价那部新法规的效果。
2.calculate what something costs or is worth 估价，估计 They aeed the value of the house at over $700,000. 他们估计这所房子的价值超过70万美元。 13.versus (short form V.or vs.) prep.against in opposition to or against especially in a game of sports （尤指在体育比赛中）对······，以······为对手；与······相比 It’s going to be The Huston Rockets versus The Detroit Pistons in this season’s NBA Finals. 本赛季的NBA总决赛将会在休斯敦火箭队和底特律活塞队之间展开。
Phrases 1.all manner of
Many different kinds of people or things 各种各样的，形形色色的
e.g.We would discu all manner of subjects.
The market has all manner of interesting things for sale.synonym：various, all kinds of 2.end up be in a particular place or state after a series of events,especially when you did not plan it最终处于 e.g.The car wouldn’t start ,so I ended up having to walk.3.feed on sth.
be nourished or strengthened by sth.由···助长 e.g.Hatred feeds in envy.She seemed to feed on his despair.eat sth,especially as the usual food以···为食物 e.g.Owls feed on mice and other small animals.
They feed on large tough fruits and other vegetables Language points 1.At some time or other, all of us have played the part of a hypochondriac, imagining that we have some terrible disease on the strength of very minor symptoms.
Translation 在说不定的某个时候，我们大家都曾充当过疑病症患者的角色，只凭一些轻微的
症状便怀疑自己得了某种可怕的病。
Explanation “imagining that… very minor symptoms.” 为现在分词短语，在句中作状语，对
主句作进一步解释。
Example Having no money, I borrowed some from John.(Reason)
Walking along the bank, I met a friend.(Time)
Turning to the right, you will see the shop.(Condition) 2.But fear of disease is not our only fear, and neither is risk of disease the only risk we run.
Translation然而，对疾病的恐惧并非我们唯一的恐惧。同样，患病的危险也并非我们唯一会 遇上的危险。
Explanation It is an inverted structure with an adverb put at the beginning of a sentence.此
句为倒装结构。
Example Never have they heard of such strange things.
Hardly could I believe my eyes when I entered the room.
3.And from these threats come questions that we must pose to ourselves: „ Translation从而产生了好些问题，我们不得不问自己，······。
Explanation This sentence means that these threats give rise to questions that we must ask
ourselves.当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组，谓语动词为go，come等表示位
置转移的动作动词时，句子通常全部倒装。
Example From the room came the sound of children singing.
From the fountain bubbled a stream of cold water.
4.It is much more difficult when anxiety about other forms of risk is concerned, because with many risks, the situation is not as simple.
Translation 但当涉及到其它形式的风险时，事情就要困难得多，因为对许多风险来说，情况 并不那么简单。
Explanation” when sth.is concerned”意为“就······来说，就······而言”，有时常用“as far as sth.
is concerned”来表示.Example When we’re concerned, you can go whenever you want.就我们而言，你什么时候
走都行。
As far as policy is concerned, I have to say something.谈到政策，我得说几句。 5.But what if you get hit from the side and end up trapped inside the vehicle, unable to escape because of a damaged seat belt mechanism?
Translation倘若你的车侧面被撞，结果你被困在车里，又因安全带装置遭破坏而无法挣脱，
那怎么办呢？
Explanation “what if”相当于“what would happen if”，意为：“如果······那又怎么办呢？”
“„ end up trapped”一句中trapped是过去分词表示伴随，词组“end up”
的意思是“最后成为（处于）”，后面可接名词（短语）、形容词、现在分词、过
去分词或介词短语作状语。
Example What if she changes her mind and doesn’t turn up? 如果她改变主意不来怎么办?
What if his mother doesn’t like the girl? 要是他妈妈不喜欢这个女孩该怎么办？ 6.There are risks, often potentially serious one, aociated with every hobby we have, every job we take, and every food we eat－in other words, with every action.Translation有些风险，常常是潜在的重大风险，与我们的每个业余爱好、所做的每项工作、
所吃的每种食物有关，换句话说，与所进行的任何活动有关。
Explanation 句中“… often potentially serious one”是插入语，其作用是作进一步解释或说明。
此处是说明risks。 “be aociated with”意思为“be related to”。“every hobby we
have”, “every job we take”和 “every food we eat”都是with的宾语。
7.The answer is that you are roughly twice as likely to die in a serious crash in a small car than in a large one.
Translation 答案是这样：在一起严重的车祸中，坐小车丧生的可能性是坐大车的两倍左右。 Explanation表示倍数可以用“times+as+adj.+as”或者“times+ the… +of”。 Example The room is twice as big as that one.
The room is twice the size of that one.8.In the case just discued, we would find the relative safety of car travel and coal mining by dividing the numbers of lives lost in each by the number of people participating in each.
Translation在刚才讨论的例子中，我们可以用每一项活动中死亡的人数除以参与该活动的总
人数，从而找出汽车旅行与采煤的相对安全性。
Explanation这是一个简单句，主干结构为“we would find the relative safety”。of引起的介词
短语作定语修饰前面的名词“relative safety”，“by dividing...in each”是句子的方
式状语，句首的“In the case just discued”为状语，意思是“在刚刚讨论的情况
中”。结尾中出现了两个each都指的是“each activity”，“每一项活动”。divide...by…
用······去除······
Example If you divide 30 by 6, the answer is 5.
以6除30，答案为5。
Thirty divided by six is five.
30除以6等于5。
9.Once we understand that risk can never be totally eliminated from any situation and that, therefore, nothing is completely safe, we will then see that the iue is not one of avoiding risks altogether but rather one of managing risks in a sensible way.
Translation 一旦我们懂得在任何情况下都不能完全排除危险，因而任何事情都不是绝对安全 的，我们就会明白问题不在于彻底避免危险而在于如何理智地管理危险。
Explanation本句是一个主从复合句，once引导的从句中，谓语 understand后有两个由that
引导的并列宾语从句，主句“we will then see...way”中，动词see也带了一个
由that引导的宾语从句，从句的主要结构为“the iue is not...but rather...” 。
once (conj.)
一旦
Example Once the books are open, phone calls go unanswered, TV unwatched and
newspapers unread.一旦打开书本学习，就不接电话、不看电视、不读报纸了。
Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the system to recover
对环境一旦造成破坏，就要花很多年的时间才能使整个系统恢复。
Ⅲ.Organization
Part I(Para.1-3) Risks are always a matter of probability rather than certainty. Part II(Para.4-7) Nothing we do is completely safe.The point is to decide the risk level and then act accordingly. Part III(Para.8) Managing risks with common sense and information about risk level.
Summary
This text mainly deals with the risks in our daily life.The author thinks that risks are almost always a matter of probability rather than certainty and nothing we do is completely safe.The author makes a comparison between hypochondria and anxiety about the risks of life.He explains how to measure the risk level of activities by means of ratio or faction.At last, he draws a conclusion that the problem is not to avoid risks but to manage them in a sensible way by using our common sense and information about the character and degree of the risks
we may be running.IV.After-cla reading （exercises）
On page 142-143 (Vocabulary and Translation).V.Useful Expreions
1 现代生活中充满了诸多威胁。
Modern life is full of all manner of threats.2我们的疑虑无休止的增加。
Our uncertainties multiply indefinitely.3危险几乎总是一个可能而非确定。
Risks are almost always a matter of probabilities rather than certainty.4我应该系安全带吗？
Should I wear a seat belt? 5我们做的事没一件是百分之百安全的。
Nothing we do is completely safe.6关键在于见机行事。
The point is to act accordingly.7从刚才讨论的情况看
In the case just discued 8后者其实比前者危险四倍。
The latter turns out to be four times riskier than the former.VI.Difficulty in teaching 1 While meeting new English words, students are more likely to look them up in the dictionary instead of trying to figure out their meaning by reading through the context.2 Students have difficulty in improving their sense of comprehension.They can’t answer
the questions relatively easily in the listening
3 Students have their idea but they can not use English to expre.4 About master time properly.VII.Achievements 1 The basics training 2 Mastering time 3 About explanation of the proce 4 Communicating with students 5 The explanation of expanding vocabulary
Are Environmental risks worth taking
