手机
If you walk down any busy street in America, you will probably see many people with their hands up to their ears.Others may be pushing buttons on a small electronic device in their hands.Talking or sending text meages on mobile phones has become an important part of American life.
Until 1973, most telephone calls were made either at home, at a busine or in a vehicle.But on April 3rd of that year, Martin Cooper of the Motorola Company made history.While walking down the street in New York City, he made the first mobile telephone call.Mr.Cooper had helped invent the DynaTAC 8000X.It was a mobile, or cellular, telephone often called \"the brick\".It was much larger and heavier than the mobile phones we use today.After that first call, it took 10 years before the phone was ready to be sold to the public.The first ones were very expensive.They cost almost $4000 each.But even with that size and cost, many people stood in line to buy them.The first mobile telephones used a system, or network, called 1G.It was the \"first generation\" of technology.This allowed one person to call and talk to another person, but that was all.By the early 1990s, the 2nd generation, or 2G network, came into use.It allowed talking and sending text meages.By that time, cell phones were much smaller and cost much le.In 2001, the first 3G systems were being used.This new network permitted people using cell phones to make calls, send text meages and use the Internet.Users could even keep photographs and music on their phones, and send them to their friends.Within the past 2 years, the 4G network has come into use.It permits cell phones to work much faster and with much more information.Modern cell phones can even act as small televisions.They can show movies and live sporting events. As the networks have gotten more complex, the telephones have gotten smaller, lighter and le costly.Many electronics stores in the United States even give away the newest cell phones.But customers must agree to pay to use the network that sends their calls from one place to another.It is interesting to imagine what the 5G and 6G network cell phones of the future will be able to do.
运动会
Several popular profeional sports, including football, are played in winter.The National Football League will hold its championship game on February 7th.The Indianapolis Colts will play the New Orleans Saints in the Super Bowl at Dolphin Stadium in Miami, Florida.Most sports experts believe football is the favorite sport to watch in the United States.Since 1994, the sports broadcasting network ESPN has been studying the subject.Their experts ask tens of thousands of Americans what sporting events they like to watch best.This includes attending the event and watching it on television at home.National Football League competition has finished in first place for many years.However, both profeional and college basketball always rates in the top 5.Basketball competition starts in autumn and continues throughout the winter into spring.One of America\'s favorite spectator sports takes place almost all year long.NASCAR, the National Aociation of Stock Car Auto Racing, has huge live and television audiences.The races take place mainly in the warm southern states.Probably the most famous NASCAR race is the Daytona 500.It takes place every February in Daytona Beach, Florida.About 200,000 people attend the race.Millions more watch it on television.The winter sports Americans like to take part in often depend on where they live.Many Americans love to downhill ski, for example.But only people who live near snowy mountainous areas can ski a lot.
Ice skating and the game of ice hockey are also popular winter sports.There are many indoor ice rinks in America.So skaters can be active all year round.The same is true of many sports normally thought of as warm weather activities.Indoor tennis courts, soccer fields and rock climbing centers permit people to take part in these sports in all seasons.在美国冬季有几项较受欢迎的职业体育运动，其中包括美式足球。美国国家足球联盟将在2月17日举办它的冠军赛。届时印第安纳波利斯小马队和新奥尔良圣徒队将在弗罗里达迈阿密的海豚体育场争夺今年的超级碗杯。
大多数体育专家认为美式足球是国内最受大众欢迎的体育项目。从1994年起，美国体育电视网ESPN就对这一课题进行了研究。专家就最受大众喜爱的体育赛事问题调查了几万名美国民众，其中包括到现场观看的和在家通过电视转播收看。在调查中，美国国家足球联盟的比赛连续多年稳居榜首。
除此之外，职业和大学篮球联赛也稳居前五。美国的篮球联赛通常从秋季开始进行，经由整个冬季一直持续到来年的春季。
一项美国人最喜欢的有观众的运动几乎常年举行。NASCAR，全国汽车比赛协会，有大量的现场和电视观众收看。比赛大部分在温暖的南方洲际举办。最富盛名的比赛大概是德通纳500米比赛，每年二月份在佛罗里达州的德通纳海滩举行。大约有20万人参加比赛，数以百万计的观众通过电视上收看比赛。
美国人喜欢参与的冬季运动项目通常取决于他们住在哪。比如，许多美国人喜欢滑雪，但只有那些住在雪山附近的人可以经常滑雪。 滑冰以及冰上曲棍球是非常流行的冬季运动项目。在美国，有许多室内人造冰场。所以，人们可以在一年中任意时间溜冰。
同样，许多被认为是适宜温暖天气参加的活动也有室内场地。室内网球场，足球场以及攀岩中心让人们可以在任何季节里参与运动。
巧克力
Candy is serious busine.The world\'s top-10 confectioners sold more than $40,000,000,000 of it in 2005.But many of the more than 5,000,000 farmers worldwide who produce cocoa, the main ingredient in chocolate, are living in poverty.One reason for that is that their farms are not very productive, according to Howard-Yana Shapiro, head of plant research for the US-based candy giant, Mars Inc.Shapiro says the average West African cacao tree farmer produces only about 400 kilograms of cocoa beans per hectare.\"There\'s a yield potential of maybe 4,000 kilos, 10 times what the average is in West Africa.We saw the disparity.\" To reduce that disparity, Mars helped fund a project to sequence the genome of the cacao tree.The Mars project sequenced the most common variety.French researchers led a separate effort focusing on the high-quality Criollo variety. Bill Guyton is president of the World Cocoa Foundation, an industry-sponsored group promoting sustainable cocoa farming.He says each year farmers lose about 1/3 of their harvest to pests and fungal diseases.\"This type of program we feel this is gonna be very beneficial in helping to breed trees that are more tolerant or resistant against some of the fungal pests.\" With better productivity, Guyton says, farmers can earn more money and improve their social conditions.Mars team leader Howard Yana Shapiro says it\'s a win-win both for the company and for cocoa farmers.\"We want to be in busine sustainably in the future.We want to have certified cocoa that is sustainably grown.We want the farmers to have a sustainable life.We don\'t want them all have to move to the city.\" The genome data will be publically available without restrictions or patents.Shapiro expects improved cacao trees to start reaching farmers in about 3 years.
巧克力是一种利润颇丰的商业。2005年，世界前10名的糖果制造商销售额超过四百亿美元。
但是在全世界，五百多万种植巧克力主要成份--可可的农民，仍处在贫困中。
据美国糖果巨头火星公司植物研究主管霍华德•雅拿•夏皮罗说，（农民处于贫困的）原因之一是他们的农场并不是很富饶。夏皮罗说西非农民种植的可可树平均每公顷的可可豆产量大约只有400千克。
“潜在的产量可能是4000千克，是西非（可可）的平均产量的10倍。我们看到了这种差别。”
为了缩小差距，火星公司赞助了一项计划——对可可树基因组进行排序。火星工程对最普通的品种进行排序。法国研究员主要针对高质量的杂交品种进行研究。 比尔·盖顿是世界可可基金会的总裁。世界可可基金会是一个由可可行业发起的团体，旨在促进可持续的可可种植。比尔·盖顿说，每年农民都会因虫害和真菌病而损失三分之一的收成。
“我们认为这类基因改良计划将会对可可产业非常有益，它有利于繁殖耐真菌虫害或抗真菌虫害的树木。”
盖顿说，生产率提高之后，农民就可以赚更多的钱，进而改善他们的社会生活状况。
美国玛氏集团的全球植物科学和外部研究主管霍华德·夏皮罗说，对于公司和种植可可的农民来说，这是一种双赢。
“我们希望将来的买卖都是可持续的。我们希望得到合格的、可持续种植的可可。我们希望农民过上可持续发展的生活。我们不希望他们都被迫向城市迁移。”
基因数据将有望成为可被公共使用的资源而不会有任何限制或专利制约。夏皮罗预期，农民在约三年之后就可以开始种植改良的可可树。
一、作文预测：和谐社会
1.建立和谐社会成为了一种潮流和趋势 2.我心中的和谐社会是….
3.为了建立和谐社会，我们应该如何去做?
二、话题分析
和谐社会是目前中国建设的目标之一，是比较热门的社会话题。报纸、杂志、电视新闻等，经常讨论此话题。考生应多关注社会新闻，为写作收集素材。
三、范文解析 Nowadays, it seems known to everybody that one of the objectives of China\'s modern construction is to build a harmonious society.All of a sudden, \"a harmonious society\" has become a frequently-used phrase in media news, newspaper etc.It is the trend of China\'s development.But what is a harmonious society? In my mind, there are several aspects included in building a harmonious society.First, a harmonious society has democracy in its politics to ensure the maximum benefits of the people.Second, a harmonious society has equality and justice to protect the rights of every citizen.Third, a harmonious society has good faith and friendly relation between people to create a favorable atmosphere for living and doing busine.Forth, a harmonious society has energy to make sure its creativity.Fifth, a harmonious society has stability and order to provide people with a comfortable environment.Sixth, a harmonious society has harmony between humankind and nature for a sustainable development of economy.To be true, it needs joint efforts of every person in China to realize this great goal.For me, I am a student in college.What I can do is develop good relations with people around me, help others as much as poible, spread this awarene to as many people as poible, laying a foundation for this tall building.文章一开始就提到目前中国现代化建设的目标之一，就是构建和谐社会。一时之间，构建社会成为中国发展的趋势。
第二段从六个方面讲述了和谐社会的内涵：1)民主政治，保证人们的最大利益; 2)公平正义，保证每个公民的权利; 3)诚信友好，为生活和生产提供良好环境; 4)充满活力，确保社会的创造力; 5)稳定有序，保证生活平稳安定; 6)人与自然和谐相处，实现经济可持续性发展。 第三段从自身出发，讨论在构建和谐社会时自己该如何做。作为一名学生，作者认为：和周围人发展友好关系，乐于助人，传播“和谐社会”的意识，为这个宏伟目标奠定基础。
四、高分妙招 六级作文很贴近国家大事，因为对时事政治的了解是对当代大学生的要求之一。出现一个新的命题，考生应多关注其内涵及相关评论，这样写作过程中才能做到“胸有成竹”，写出来的作文才“言之有物”。
一、提纲作文的写作方法
根据给出的提纲写作文与段首句作文有很大的相似性。事实上，根据每段的提纲，就可以得出每段的main idea，再根据main idea写出每段段首的topic sentence，由此就可以按照写段首句作文的方法来写提纲作文了。
二、写作提纲作文的注意事项
通常提纲作文都是给出三个提纲，每个提纲即是一段，正好符合四级作文“三段论”的布局。但需要同学们注意的是：当给出的提纲小于三个时，比如只给出了两个提纲，那么其中的一个提纲就要分成两段来写。
三、写作范文 写作范文1 1.运动的积极因素 2.运动的消极因素 3.你的体会
Sports benefit us in many respects.(根据main idea 写出topic sentence.) When taking part in sports, we get the chance to train almost all parts of our bodies.There is no doubt that proper sports activities keep our physical fitne.Furthermore, sports can enrich our life and maintain our psychological health.Through participation, everyone can learn that on the playground he not only struggles for himself but also fights for his team.Sports teach us about consideration, cooperation and optimism to failure.(关键词的并列往往可以给阅卷人留下深刻的印象。) But sports can do some harm to those who cannot plan their activities properly.Too hard training may hurt their bodies, exhaust their vigor, and even cause them to become sick.In general, I love sports.I enjoy sports.For sports not only help me to live a well-balanced life, but also provide me with opportunities to get closer to nature.Sports add happine to my everyday life when I perform in a decent way.(decent这个词用得恰到好处，在这里也正是“恰到好处”的意思。) 写作范文2 Advertisement 1.广告给人们带来的益处 2.广告给人们带来的烦恼 3.如何正确利用广告的作用
Advertisement can be a service to people.First, it is informative, and can help people buy and sell goods.Second, it can widen people\'s knowledge, and make people more experienced.Lastly, people can enjoy themselves through those programs which advertisements have been put into.(分条举例说明广告的益处。) Some advertisements, however, are not very useful to people, sometimes even harmful.An advertisement like this, for example, may put thousands of women and girls into trouble.\"Disillusioned with life, love, marriage? You need help.Phone me.\" And the Savior gives his phone number to his sheep.In modern times, many advertisements are subjective rather than objective, persuasive rather than informative.(说理客观) The only purpose of these advertisements is to persuade people to buy their poorly made products.Therefore, it is wise for people to make sure the advertisements are telling the truth.(根据提纲中第三段的主旨来写如何正确利用广告。)
