主谓一致和倒装
Quiz :改错 句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the （only）、
1.Both paper and ink is used up.the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only
2.Eating too much are bad for your health.就用复数形式。
3.This pair of shoes are my brother\'s.He was one of the students who were late for school .
4.Each of the boys have a dictionary.He was the only one of the students who was late for school.5 Every one of the students in Cla Two have two books .
6.I think maths are very difficult to learn.★3.each, either, neither, another, the other 和由some, any,
7.A large number of students has gone to work in Xingjiang.no, every + thing/ one/ body构成的复合不定代词作主语
8.The mother with two children often go to the town.时，谓语动词用单数。
9.Bread and butter are her daily breakfast.e.g.There is something wrong with my computer.
10.Nobody know the answer to the question.Everyone is ready for the big dinner.
I have two sisters.One is a doctor, the other is a nurse.主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在‘人称’和‘数’方面的
一致关系。 ◆注：each作同位语，谓语动词仍与主语一致。 主谓一致遵循以下四种原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原They each have a book.
则、就近一致原则和就远一致原则。 ★4.不定式/动名词（短语）作主语，谓语用单数。
e.g.Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
一、语法一致原则（主单→谓单；主复→谓复）
★1． 由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，To teach is to learn.
谓语动词用复数。 如果多个非谓语动词连在一起表达同一概念，谓语动词用e.g.Both milk and coffee are on sale in Walmart 单数形式；如果表达不同概念，谓语动词用复数。 supermarket.e.g.To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.Zhang Jie and Xie Na are a couple.
To work and to live are two different things but they are ◆但是，⑴and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一
事物或同一概念(and 后无冠词)，谓语动词用单数。 always together.e.g.The teacher and writer has come.Bread and butter is the breakfast of the western people.★5.all/most/ part /some/none/half/plenty/a lot/lots/the rest/and所连接的表示同一概念的短语有：a horse and cart 马分数/百分数+of+ n.等短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数车, a knife and fork 刀叉, bread and butter 涂有黄油的取决于of后面的名词的数。此名词可数，则谓语用复数；面包 此名词不可数，则谓语用单数。 ⑵由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, All of the work has been finished.every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 All of the people have gone.e.g.In our country every boy and every girl has the right to Fifty percent of the apples were bad .receive education.Fifty percent of the water was polluted .Part of the work has been done by us .★2.用one, every one, each one, any one, each, either, Let’s eat the food first.The rest is going to be given to them.
neither 等+ of +复数名词/人称代词作主语时，谓语用单
★6.成双成套的词如glaes, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, 数。 ，socks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 e.g.Neither of his parents is a doctor.They are both teachers.sciors◆注：如果这类名词前用了a pair /two pairs等修饰，则谓Every one of the students is studying hard.语与pair的单复数一致。 ◆注：(1)“both of +复数名词/人称代词”作主语时，谓语用The shoes in the shop are beautiful.
A pair of shoes was sold out this morning.复数。Both of them are students.
(2) none作主语时如果指人或可数的物，表数目，谓语★7． 由“a/this kind of, many kinds of”或‘n.+ of this 动词用单复数形式皆可；如果指不可数名词，表量，谓kind’，以及由与kind 意义相似的type, sort 等词构成的语动词用单数。 类似短语作主语时，谓语与of前的名词保持一致。 e.g.None of the students have made mistakes this time.A kind of birds has been discovered by them.
Machines of this kind are very useful.None of us is/are interested in your new subject.(3)在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语★8.a number of后面加复数名词或代词，谓语用复数形动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用但在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从单数。
The number of the students in our school is over 20 thousand.
A number of students are coming to our school to learn English.
★9.倒装句中谓语单复数要看其后面的主语。 There comes the bus.
Between the two buildings is a supermarket.
二、意义一致原则（主语表单数概念→谓语单数；主语表复数概念→谓语复数） ★1.主语表事物的总称，若指有生命的集合体，如people, police, staff，cattle, crew等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。The police are looking for the miing boy.
主语表事物的总称，若指无生命的集合体，如traffic, clothing, fruit, equipment等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
★2.复数形式、单数意义的名词作主语
(1)有些词形似复数，实为单数，其作主语时谓语用单数.常见的有：抽象名词news ，学科名词maths，physics ，politics，报纸、杂志名The New York Times,专有名词James, the United States等
The United States was founded in 1776.Physics is my favorite subject.
The New York Times sells well all over the United States .◆但clothes, goods(货物), works(著作)，the Olympics等词或短语作主语时，谓语用复数。
The Olympics are held every four years.
His works are translated into so many languages that you can find it in many bookshops easily.(2) 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词或短语作主语时，应将它们看作一整体，谓语用单数。Ten years is a long time.Five million dollars is a lot of money.
★3.“the +形容词”表一类人（如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等）作主语，谓语用复数；The rich are not always happy.若“the +形容词”表一种抽象概念或品质，谓语用单数。 The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.
★4.“the +姓氏的复数”（表一家人）作主语时，谓语用复数。
The Greens are watching TV.
★5.集体名词family, cla, team, group ,government, audience, crowd, company等若表整体概念时，谓语用单数；若表每一个成员时，谓语用复数。
Her family is a large one.Now the whole family are having dinner in the dinning room ◆注：population表“人口”时，谓语用单数；若population受分数、百分数修饰表“居民”时，谓语用复数。 The population of China is about 1.4 billion.Two thirds of the population in China are farmers.★6.疑问代词作主语时，其谓语也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语用单数。
Who is your brother?Who are League members?
★7.what 从句作主语时，表示单数意义，则谓语用单数；表示复数意义，谓语用复数。
What we need is more time.What they need are books.
★8.many a ＋单数名词(许多„„) ； more than one ＋单数名词(不止一„„)作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.◆注： “more than +基数词＋复数名词”结构或“more ＋复数名词＋ than one做主语时，谓语用复数。
More than twenty students are playing football on the playground.
More members than one are against your plan.★9.算式中的主谓一致
（1）两数相加、相乘：此时谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。E.g.Fifteen and five is/are twenty.Five times six is / are thirty.
(2)两数相减、相除；此时谓语用单数 e.g.Fifteen minus five is/ leaves ten.Fifteen divided by five is / makes three.
三、就近一致原则（谓语与离它最近的主语保持一致） 由连词not…but…, or, either…or, neither…nor,not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，谓语采用就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。There be句型、以here be开头的句子谓语也采用就近一致原则。 Not you but he is to blame.
Not only students but also their teacher is against the plan.Neither you nor I am a student.
There is an apple and three oranges on the table.There are three oranges and an apple on the table.
四、就远一致原则 主语后面跟有with ，together with ，along with ，as well as ，but ,except, besides, like ，including, rather than, in addition to等引导的介词短语+其它名词时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The women with two children is my aunt .
Everyone here, including children and old people, is for the plan.
Mary, along with her boyfriend, goes climbing every Sunday.
常考点
1.用one, every one, each one, any one, each, either,
neither 等+ of +复数名词/人称代词作主语
2.由连词not…but…, or, either…or, neither…nor,not
only…but also,等连接的并列主语，谓语采用就近一致原则。
3.all/most/ part /some/none/half/plenty/a lot/lots/ the rest/
分数/百分数+of+ n.等短语作主语时。
4.主语后面跟有with ，together with ，along with ，as
well as ，but, like ，including等引导的介词短语+其它名词时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
5.people, police, staff，cattle, crew等作主语时，谓语动
词要用复数。
6.集体名词family, cla, team, group ,government,
audience, crowd, company等表整体/成员时。
7.成双成套的词如glaes, shoes, trousers, chopsticks,
sciors ，socks等作主语。
8.a number of和 the number of后面加复数名词或代词
作主语。
9.由“a/this kind of, many kinds of”或‘n.+ of this kind’
短语作主语时，谓语与of前的名词保持一致。
10.表时间、金钱、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词或短语
作主语时，看作一整体，谓语用单数。 11.“the +形容词”作主语，谓语用复数。 12.and连接的并列主语指同一概念
C．has been2．Look! There ___ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.
B．are a number of deers C．is a number of deerD．is a number of deers 3．Both Lily and Lucy ________ to the party yesterday.A．invitedB．was invited C．had invited4．Eachofthestudents______ adictionary.A.haveB.isC.are
5．How time flies! Ten years ________ paed.A.haveC.isD.are
6．Not only his parents but also his brother ________to the Summer Palace.They haven’t been back.
A.have beenB.have goneC.has been7．Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square.
B.are a number of deersC.is a number of deerD.is a number of deers 8．The Smiths ______ sending e-mails _______ letters, because it is faster．
B．prefer，to write C．prefers，to writingD．prefers，to write 9．Everyone except Bill and Jim ______there when the meeting began.
B.isC.areD.were
10．Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now． A．wereC．areD.was 11．Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city.Everything ______.
A.are changedB.was changedD.had changed
12.The Olympic Games _______ held every______ years.A.is，fourC.is，fiveD.are，five 13.Look, there come some _______.
A.dogB.horseD.cow
14.The injured in the tsunami _____ good care of by some medical teams.解题误区：
一、误认主语 1.倒装句
(误填are)
2.主语后带介词for health.(误填are)
3.“one of +名词复数”作主语。 4.定语从句中
(误填was)
(误填were)
二、被主语表象迷惑
1.看似复数实为单数physics, maths, news.2.看似单数实为复数police, staff, cattle 3.单复同形Are there any sheep on the farm.4.集合名词作主语 cla, team, family
三、主语想当然
1.表时间、金钱、距离、价格等的名词或短语作主
语
Two days is a minute for him when he is with his girlfriend.(误填are)
2.就近一致和就远一致中的主语确定
练习
1．Not only his parents but also his brother ________ to the Summer Palace.They haven’t been back.A．have beenB．have gone
A.is takenA.are; areB.is; isD.are; isC.are takingD.is being taken 30.My shirt _____ white and my trousers _____ blue.15.It is not J.K.Rowling but her works that _____ us A.are; areB.are; isC.is; isexcited.31.------Two months _______ quite a long time.A.makesD.are made ------Yes.I’m afraid that he will mi a lot of leons.16.On the closet _____ a pair of trousers his parents boughtB.areC.wasD.were for his birthday.32.He is one of the boys who _____ here on time.He is the A.lyingC.lieD.is laid only one of the boys who _____ here on time.17.Each man and each woman _____ asked to help when theA.has come; have comefire broke out.C.has come; has comeD.have come; have comeA.isC.areD.were 33.Either you or he _____ interested in playing che._____ 18.About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south; you or he fond of music at present?
the rest of them _____ from thenorth and foreign countries.C.are; IsD.is; IsA.are; isB.is; isC.is; are34.Many a profeor _____ looking forward to visiting 19.They said the eighteenth and last leon _____ quite easy.Germany now.Many scientists _____ studied animals andA.isC.areD.were plants in the last two years.20.---When are you going to Kunming for your holidays?B.is; hasC.are; haveD.is; are---I haven’t decided.___ this Sunday ___ next Sunday is OK.35.A knife and a fork _____ on the table.A knife and fork A.Both; and_____ on the table.C.Neither; ofD.Not only; but alsoA.is; isB.are; areD.is; are21.The paper for books and new papers ___ made of wood.36.Her family _____ much larger than mine four years ago.A.areC.hasD.have Her family _____ dancing and singing when I came in last 22.Not only my brother but also I______ good at painting.night.Both of us ______good painters.A.are...areC.is...isD.are...is 37.The box of rubbers ____ white.23._______ of them has his own opinion.B．areC．beD．were A.BothB.SomeC.Every38.The writer and teacher ____ coming now.24.Are there any _______ in the zoo?B．areC．hasD．haveA.horseB.duckC.chicken39.The old man has two children but _____ of them lives 25.One-third of the area _____ covered with green trees.with him.About seventy percent of the trees _____ been planted.A.bothB.noneD.all
A.are; haveB.is; hasD.are; has40.How and why Jack came to China _____unknown.When
and where to build the new library _____ not been decided.
26.The number of teachers in our college _____ greatly
D.are; have
increased last term.A number of teachers in this school _____ from the countryside.
D.were; is27.What _____ the population of China? One-third of the population _____ workers here.
B.are; areC.is; isD.are; is28.Not only he but also we _____ right.He as well as we _____ right.
A.are; areC.is; isD.is; are 29.What he’d like _____ a digital watch.What she’d like _____ textbooks.
