等级考试二级作文：
书面表达一般要求考生根据所给情景，写出一篇100字左右的书面材料，情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。
注意：《PETS-2级考试大纲》规定的文体为：书信、通知、日记、便条共四种。
1.审清题意，确定写作要求，这是写好书面表达题的前提。
要求考生根据所提供的画面写出字数在100词左右的一封短信，旨在考查学生的观察能力和实际运用语言的能力。（下面题目选自《PETS-2级考试大纲》）
假定你是李华。你和几个朋友约定星期天去人民公园野餐。你们的英国朋友Peter也应邀参加。请你根据下面的示意图，给他写封短信，告诉他进公园后如何找到你们。
注意：(1)词数100词左右。 (2)开头语已为你写好。
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
June 1st
Dear Peter，
We’re so glad you’re coming to join us on Sunday.Here is how you can find us．
2．确定格式。
考生需熟练掌握大纲要求掌握的各种体裁的格式。如果试卷已提供了格式，考生只需填进相关内容即可。有些内容题中没有提供，则需考生自己根据题目要求编写，如姓名、职务、时间地点等。
3.确定要点。
书面表达题的评分依据之一是内容要点，因此在审清题意的基础上，要确定内容要点。我们来看大纲书面表达题的内容要点。
(1)从公园正门进，朝前走，再过桥。
(2)向右拐，朝前走，绕过(或爬过)小山。
(3)湖边有个树林，就是野餐地点。
注意，在确定内容要点时应把握好，切勿把非要点添上去反而弄巧成拙，画蛇添足，被扣分。
4.组织语言。
将短文要点组织成语言，这是构成短文的基础。以大纲题要点示范。 (1)When you enter the People’s Park, please walk along the road and cro the bridge.
(2)Turn right, walk a while and you will come to a hill.Walk around to the other side of the hill.See a lake.
(3)There\'re trees beside the lake.We are going to have the picnic in the small woods.
5．将语言点组成句子。
利用恰当的联接词将上述要点联成句子，再形成短文，在完成这一步前，考生须注意尽量用你最熟悉的词汇和句型，根据短文内容确定句子的主谓语，该采用的时态、语态，句子与句子之间的有机联系，段落与段落之间的过渡，尽量使句子表达清楚、正确，使短文具有一致性和连贯性。
6．通读全文，检查复核。
确保字数不超过规定数，体裁正确，要点没有遗漏；语言表达准确又流畅，也无拼写、标点等小错误。
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
We’re so glad you’re coming to join us on Sunday.Here is how you con find us.We’ll have our picnic in the People’s Park.You know where that is, don’t you? After you enter the park by the main gate, walk straight on till you come to a stream.Cro the stream and turn right.After walking for a while you’ll come to a hill.Walk round to the other side of the hill.There you will see a lake.We’ll have our picnic there in the small woods by the lake.I’m sure you’ll have no trouble finding us.Do come!
Yours,
Li Hua
A． 书信
在写信时注意以下几点：
a．地址要由小到大。
b．朋友间的信函无需加上写信人地址和收信人地址。
c．称呼语用Dear+姓(正式)，Dear+名(朋友间)。非常随便的信件可直呼其名，
d.书信的开头常见句型如下：
Your letter came to me this morning.
I have received your letter of July the 20th.
I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.
I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.
How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you …
Thank you for your letter.
In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year)…;
Let me tell you that… / I am very glad to hear from you.
Thank you for your letter.
e.结尾语或结束语常见句型如下:
Please remember me to your whole family.
Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother.
Best wishes./With love.
Wish you a pleasant journey.
Wish you succe.Wish you the best of health.(luck)
Looking forward to your next visit to China.
Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.
Expecting to hear from you as soon as poible
I hope to have a letter from you before long.Please write to me soon and tell me all about yourself.
Give my best wishes to you.
Wishing your busine ever succeful！Hope you are healthy.
f.落款分正式与非正式两种：
Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully, 正式 或Sincerely yours, Faithfully yours.
Love, 非正式，朋友间等Yours ever, ……
英文信函按其功用不同又可分为:邀请信，对邀请信的复信，感谢信，介绍信，求职信等等，下面分别举例说明。
(1)邀请信
写邀请信要用上一些发出邀请的短语和句型：
Can／Could you come to...?
We would be very happy if you could join us.
It would be very nice to see you here with us.
典型例文：
Dear Profeor Wang,
On behalf of the Ohio State University and the IEEE Computer Society, I would be very pleased to invite you to attend 2004 International Conference on Computer Science to be held in Bellaire, Michigan, from October 25 to October 28, 2004.
We sincerely hope that you could accept our invitation.If you can come, please let us know as soon as poible, since we have to prepare the final program soon.We are looking forward to your acceptance.Sincerely yours,
Peter White
(2)复信
在接到邀请后，可以回信接受或拒绝。不管是否接受，都要先表示感谢邀请。若接受，应表明自己很高兴参加该项活动；若拒绝，要婉转地拒绝并写出拒绝原因。最后还要祝愿活动成功。在拒绝邀请时要使用婉转的语言，可用下列表达方式：
I’d love to come, but I can\'t because...
I’m terribly sorry I cannot come to...for I\'m going...
I’m afraid I will not be able to...because...
典型例文：
Dear peter,
Thank you for your letter of October 25.I haven’t written sooner as I were busy preparing for my mid--term exams.We are having a party on 11th November at our house for my sister’s 15th birthday and we hope you can come.It only happens once a year! The party will start at 6 p.m.and will go on until late! I’m at home in the evenings.Please give me a call.We’re looking forward to seeing you.
loves,
Zhao Ning
(3)感谢信
感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、款待、送行、探病、帮助等。写感谢信一定要先交待为何要感谢对方。典型例文：
Dear Jack,
I am writing to thank you for all the help you gave us in moving into our new flat.
As you know, my mother is in poor health and there is a lot of furniture.I know we would never have been able to move all the things into the new flat without your help.
I am arranging a housewarming party soon and I look forward to seeing you then.
Thank you again for everything you have done for us.
Yours,
Tian Bing
(4)自我介绍信
写介绍信时，先写出写介绍信的目的，然后再开始介绍年龄＼学习(工作)、生活、爱好等，结尾写上作者的希望及感情。介绍情况时，用过去时介绍以前的事情，用现在时介绍目前的事。典型例文：
Dear Wang Gang,
I was very interested to hear that you’ve looking for a pen friend.I have never visited your country but I should be very happy to write to you.Let me introduce myself.
I’m seventeen years old.I study in a high school.I go to school every day.My best-liked subject is biology.I hope to go to university and finally become a doctor.My favorite sports are football and observing nature.My other hobbies are collecting stamps .
Please write to me and tell me about yourself.I’m very much looking forward to reading your letter.Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(5)求职信
写作要领：
a.求职信属公务函体，格式用词都较正规。
b．信的内容一般分三部分：写信目的，自我介绍和要求。
c．写信目的直接了当在信的开始就提出来。如，从报纸上或广告中了解到您单位招聘什么职务的人员，自己认为适合做这项工作，愿意应聘等。
d.自我介绍主要介绍自己的学历，工作经验，工作能力等。行文措词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度，语言要简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利条件。当然，还要紧扣用人单位的
要求，巧用词语，自我推销。
e．最后提出进一步联系的途径，如会面时间，地点或资历咨询等，主动提出接受面试或考核。典型例文：
Dear manager,
I learn from the newspaper that a secretary of the English language is wanted in your company.I beg to apply for the post.
My name is Li Hua, a girl of twenty-six.I graduated from the English Department of a university four years ago.I’ve been working as a guide of English for four years.And I take more pleasure in the job as a secretary.I can speak good English as well as Chinese.
I want very much to be accepted by your company.Please give me an answer if these satisfy
B.便条：
便条格式与书信类似，但称呼不用加客套语dear,除非对年长者，结尾直接署上自己的名字。请假条也属便条范围。
典型例文1：(便条)
Dear Mr Eric,
I came to see you this morning but it so happened that you were out.So I have to leave this note to you.I’m so glad to tell you that after raining so many days, it is said to be fine this Sunday.Therefore some of my friends and I have decided to go for an outing.We’ll meet at the gate of the Forest Park at 8:30 a.m.Then we’ll go climbing and have some games.We’ll have a picnic.In the afternoon we’ll go boating in the river nearby.If poible, we’ll go to pick some wild fruits.I’m sure we’ll take some photos, too.Will you join us? We’ll be very happy if you will.Ring me up before 5 p.m., please.
Yours,
典型例文2：(请假条): Wang Gang
Dear Mr.Du,
I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t go to school today.I’ve caught a cold because I went swimming yesterday.This morning I had a headache and had a fever.The doctor advised me to stay in bed for two days.Now I’m writing to you to ask for two days’ sick leave.
Yours respectfully,
C.通知
a．通知内容与便条相似。通知形式有书面通知和口头通知，写通知时只要将通知内容按层次有步骤地交待清楚便行。如果通知事项不止一件，可用first，second，third，then等词将事件一一列出。b.口头通知：口头通知开头可用：
①Dear Parents(开家长会时可用）
②Fellow students/Boys and girls
③Ladies and gentlemen
然后再写上
①May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.
②Here\'s an announcement, please listen to me.
③Attention please.Following is an announcement.
c.结束语：
That\'s all．Thank you．
典型例文：
Attention, please, comrades.I have something to tell you.There is going to be a lecture from 2:00 to 4:00 on Thursday afternoon, January 25th.It will be held in Room 302 of our claroom building.Profeor Yu from Qing Hua University will give us the lecture.The topic will be “English Idioms”.Please be there on time.We’ll have a discuion in groups the next day.After that, everyone should write an article on it.That’s all.Thank you!
D.日记：
日记是用来记叙事件或谈感受的以记叙文或简单议论文为体裁的一种书面表达。包括日期（年、月、日），位置在左上角。天气状况在右上角。有时可另起一行附小标题，也可不要。特别注意日记叙事多用过去时态，但为了生动，一些议论或景色、天气的描写及对话引语，也可以用现在时态。日记可分为记事、描写及抒情等，通常用第一人称来写。日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述，所以有时需要借助一些表示先后顺序的词语。如：at first, then, later on, afterwards, soon, finally, at last等。一些有关天气的英文表达： Fine (晴), Very fine (晴朗), Rainy (雨), Cloudy (阴), Snowy (雪), Windy (风), Very hot (热), Pretty warm (相当暖和), Shower (阵雨), Thundering (雷雨), Dense fog (浓雾), A little rain, later cloudy (小雨转多云).
典型例文：
August 5, 2000 Saturday Fine
Early in the morning, we all set off for the beach.We took a lot of pictures on the way.By noon we arrived at the hotel.After having lunch there, we went to the beach.We were so tired that we spent the whole afternoon lying on the beach and swimming a lot.On the way back to the hotel, we went shopping for presents.In the evening it rained.We all stayed in the hotel and played table tennis.We had a good time today.
