推荐第1篇：初中英语
七年级上：自我介绍、寻求帮助、电话号码、教室里面的器材、家庭成员、介绍人的相貌、
方位介词、建议、喜欢和不喜欢、购物、日期、制定计划、能力、时间、喜欢的
科目、家庭住址、现在进行时
七年级下：问路、描述动物、食物、工作、周末活动、音乐种类、一般现在时、相貌、天气、
假期、给建议、课堂规则
八年级上：时间的频率、健康、假期计划、交通方式、邀请、性格、做菜、旅游、名人、人
生目标、情态动词、家乡
八年级下：一般将来时、观点、建议、过去进行时、直接引语和间接引语、条件状语从句、
对频率提问、情态动词、礼物、有趣的地方、编对话
九年级全：怎样学习、过去常常、规则、建议、所属、音乐、旅游、自愿者、历史的发明
推荐第2篇：初中英语
英语参考答案及评分标准
四、单项填空（共15小题，计15分）
16.C17.D18.D19.A20.C
21.C22.C23.C24.B25.B
26.D27.A28.B29.A30.B
五．完形填空（共15小题，计15分）
31.C32.D33.D34.C35.C
36.B37.B38.A39.C40.D
41.B42.B43.A44.D45.A
六、阅读理解（共15小题，计30分）
46.B47.B48.A49.B50.A
51.C52.A53.B54.A55.C
56.D57.F58.A59.B60.E
七、词语填空（共10小题，计10分）
61.habit62.second63.especially64.national65.offer
66.healthy67.stop68.energy69.saying70.memory
八． 单词拼写（共10小题，计10分）
71.waste72.proud73.built74.blind75.knock
76.translate 77.magic78.neighbors79.deep80.covered
九．书面表达（共1小题，计15分）
A survey shows that about 20% of the students have a bad habit of not having breakfast.That’s because they study too late at night and they can sleep longer without breakfast in the morning.And their parents are too busy to look after them .They just give them some money for breakfast.Some girls don’t have breakfast to keep slim.As a result, they feel sleepy in cla.And they do worse in the exams.To make the things better, they should have breakfast every day because it can provide 30% energy for them and it can help them think better.Teenagers’ health should begin with good breakfast.书面表达评分原则：
本大题共15分，内容和语言占14分，字数1分。按5个档次给分。评分时根据其内容、语言表达的准确程度及其书写情况分档，最后确定分数。内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
评分档次：
第1档：（13-15分）紧紧围绕中心话题，内容详实，表述准确完整，语言流畅，语法、拼写无误，书写工整。第2档：（9-12分）能够 围绕中心话题，表述比较清楚，语句较通顺完整，基本上无语法、拼写错误，书写工整。第3档：（5~6分）能够围绕中心话题，表述基本清楚，语句基本通顺，有一些语法、拼写错误，但不影响句意理解，书写工整。第4档：（4-8分）能够表述中心话题的一些方面，语句不够通顺完整，语法、拼写错误较多，书写不够工整。第5档：（0-3分）对中心话题表述不清，语法、拼写错误多，不知所云，书写混乱。
注意：凡不写任何内容、抄袭其他内容、所写内容无法看清者一律给0分。
推荐第3篇：初中英语
范文：一次体育课 A PE Leon 下面是某节体育课的有关情况，请你据此写一篇日记。
1．时间：5月28日，星期一，下午。
2．天气：阴。
3．项目：跳远（jump）。
4．过程：
（1）打上课铃时就在操场集合；
（2）做准备活动（warming—upexercises）；
（3）听老师讲解并示范；
（4）我因心情紧张而失败；
（5）不灰心，反复练习； （6）终于跳过了3米。
5．体会：只要有恒心（perseverance）就一定能成功。
注意：
1．内容必须包括所有要点，但不能逐点翻译。
2．日记格式要正确。
3．词数100左右。
A PE Leon
May 28th Monday Cloudy
This afternoon we had a PE leon.Our teacher taught us to practise the long jump.When the bell rang，we gathered on the playground.After warming-up exercises，the teacher told us the way of long jump and showed us how to do it.Then we followed the teacher and practised one after another.Soon came my turn，but I felt a hit nervous.Though I failed the first time，yet I didn\'t lose my heart.I kept on practising.At last I was able to jump over 3 meters.
From this leon I came to see that one will succeed if he has perseverance.
1 范文：写给母亲的感谢信 My dearest Mother，
The mother\'s day is coming and I would like to say “Happy mother\'s day” in this letter.I love you and thank you so much for everything you did for me.This day，I will stay away and can\'t give you my appreciation at home.I know I will watch myself，so don\'t worry about me.I am doing very well on my study.My schoolmates and teachers are all very nice.Though I can\'t be at home， I hope you have a wonderful mother\'s day.
Love， Your son
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Dear mother ：
I am writing to expre my deepest thanks to you in Mother\'s Day，dear mother，you devote all of your energy and blood to our .you do not have any complaint about my brother and i.You love our though various different approaches such as study，work and life，consequently，our held on the belief that the mother is only lover .please accept our appreciate again
I hope that you have happine everyday.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Mum：
Such is sons\' nature，I really do not know how to expre my thanks to you.However，I can imagine，on the day 18 years ago，when you gave birth to me，what a complex feeling you had.In the past few years，every day you struggle me up in the morning and prepare breakfast for me，then in the afternoon，you always welcome your only son with delicious foods after a day’s hardwork.Now your son has been 18 and will go to university soon，like a bird is leaving its parents.Neverthele，your footprints on my heart will never ever fade and——I love you mum！
范文：介绍校内配套设施
I am very glad to show you around.
As you can see，my school is very small.It has only one building which is built like a ring.It has four floors in all.On the first floor are the offices of leaders.The clarooms and the offices of teachers are on the other three floors.On the second floor，there is a reading room.In front of the building is the playground.
1楼
关于初中毕业计划英语作文
当学校的铃声再次响起的时候，我就要和我的初中生活说再见了。此刻我感觉到如此的累，以至于我只想回家好好睡一觉。我将像一只飞鸟一样自由，并且可以做我喜欢做的事。放假期间，我想要干什么呢？当然有很多，但是我最想做的一件事是去提高我的英语。我的英语是我所有课目中最差的。
我在它上面努力了，但我取得的进步很小。我不擅长读和写，因此我必须在这上面多做一些。每天早上我将会大声朗读三篇短篇故事，并用英语记日记。我会记住我的英语老师的建议，“如果你想学好英语，最好的方式是每天用它。” 初中毕业计划英语作文
When the bell rang again school of time, I will be with my junior high school life say goodbye.At this moment, I felt so tired that I want to go home and have a good sleep.I will be as free as a bird, and can be doing what I love to do.During the holidays, I want to do? Of course, there are many, but I want to do a thing is to improve my English.My English is the worst of all my subjects.
I was hard at it, but I have little progre.I\'m not good at reading and writing, so I must be doing something in it more.Every morning I will read aloud three short story, and keeps a diary in English.I will remember my English teacher\'s advice, \"if you want to learn English well, the best way is to use it every day.\"
我熟悉的一个人英语作文 my sister
My sister is very beautiful.She has short hair, small eyes, high nose & small mouth.Because she likes study, she studies very well.She likes English & maths very much.So studies English & maths very well.She likes tidy, so bedroom is very tidy.My sister likes swimming.She swims slower than me.She cooks very well.She can cook delicious dinner.I like eating the food.She is
3 my sister Jenny.
My friend
My friend is tong(李冰).he has short hair,small eyes,high nose.he likes study,he studies very well.He is a good boy.He likes swimming.He swims slower than me.He cooks very well.He is my good friend.
My Mother My mother is a kind & hardworking woman .She has long hair, & big nose.Her eyes look like grapes .She usually get up at seven.Every morning.She cooks breakfast ,she usually goes to work at one.At six,she goes to the super market to buy vegetables.At seven, she cooks dinner.I think she is very tired at that moment.She ofen teaches me how to get along with my studies &encourages me to study hard.
My life is colourful.I get up at half past six.I wash my face & brush my teeth .I have breakfast at seven .I usually have bread,milk & noodles for breakfast.I go to school at a quarter past seven .I go to school on foot.At eight , I study math.at nine,I study Chinese , atten ,I study English.I go back home at five .I have dinner at six .I have rice ,meat & cabbges for dinner .Ido homework at seven.I go to bed at nine.我熟悉的一个人英语作文
我的日常生活(My Daily Routine) my daily life routine 介绍我的日常生活
I have the same routine from Monday to Friday.I usually get up at five fifty.Then I have breakfast.At six thirty, I go to school.I don’t ride a bike.I go to school on foot.I have five leons in the morning.I do morning exercises with my clamates after the second leon.At eleven thirty, I go home for lunch.In the afternoon, I have three leons.After cla, we often have sports in the playground.At five, I go home.After supper, I do my homework.At about ten, I go to bed.I am happy every day.
关于读书的英语作文-我最爱的一本书my favorite book/idol/film
As a student, we have study for many years.During there years, we study Chinese, English, science and so on.In this period, with the improvement of our knowledge, we not only read the books in cla but also read extracurricular after school.In my opinion Dream of the red chamber is the best book I have read.In this book, the great author Cao xueqin his view about love.He had firmly faith in what is the true love and try to tell us that there are different kinds of love, only one kind which should be considered as True Love.
In a dream, and under mythical circumstances, the main character of the novel, Jia baoyu, met the Fairy Disenchantment in the Land of Illusions.She showed him three \"registers\" each containing the names and \"the happenings in life\" of 12 girls in his clan.Each girl represents a kind of love. From the stories which are unfolding in the novel, the reader should know the characteristics of the different kinds of love, and should be able to distinguish True Love from the other kinds.
True love is acceptance, committal, mutual and without any post conditions.The love between Lin daiyu and Jia baoyu is considered to be True Love.Just saying or hearing I love you is not good enough because talk is cheap.Action in mutual commitment is eential, as we can see in the novel. We always have dreams.What’s ours dream? Do you know what you exactly want? And do you work hard for it.In this book, you can taste the feeling of the author about his strong will.In his
4 words, you can find the charm of Chinese.It is not a book, but a precious deposits.You can get a lot from it.But unfortunately, the novel was never \"completed\" to such a state.On the other hand, maybe, it is another kind of beauty of the book.If you have not read this book yet, just go and read it.You will love it.
初中自我介绍英语作文模板
My name is ....I\'m thirteen years old.I come from +某地.I\'m in Cla One ,Grade One.I\'m a sunny girl/boy.I love my teachers and clamates.I love my cla，too.
There are four people in my family.They are my father,my mother,my sister and I.My father is a worker.He works in the factory.My mother is a doctor.She works in the hospital.They love their work.They work very hard.My sister is a student.We study in the same school.She studies very carefully.
My favorite sport is basketball.After school,I often play basketball with my friends.关于母亲的英语作文
I love my mother very much.Like many other Chinese women, my mother is diligent.She works in a primary school.In order to teach well, she prepares her lectures very carefully and often works so late at night.
My mother is very kind and sincere.She gets along with her neighbors and colleagues.When they have difficulties, she is always ready to lend them a helpful hand.Therefore she is loved and respected in our neighborhood.From Joozone.com.Mother often tells me to be honest and upright.She expects me to be useful to the people in the future.Up to now, I still remember her saying: Do as much as you can and you will succeed.
关于人生目标的英语作文 The goal of my life is living a simple happy and healthy life.
What I want is a simple life not a complicated one.Because what my job or career offers me are difficult iues which I must handle them properly, and sometimes they are so boring and tedious,but I have to do.So after a day\'s work, I want to have a break and do some things which would provide me happine and a harmonious life.It is so simple like that, I have a supper with my families talking some funny and humourous topics, or I sit on gra with who I loved looking at the beautiful sky and counting the numbers of the stars.It is simple, but very harmonious and romantic.
5
I also want to spend sometime on my hobbies,such as playing table tennis,badminton,basketball and so forth.I like sports very much and I believe it will benefit me all my life.What I gained from sports are not only speed,strength and skill but also competitivene,teamwork and so on.Sports could give me a strong and energetic body and a healthy life.The goals of my life are just written as above,and they will be pursued by myself all my life.
父亲节英语祝福作文
这是一篇关于初中英语作文的作文，是一位同学在父亲节期间写给爸爸的一封信，供同学们学习参考。
Father＇s Day
Yesterday was Father＇s Day.I had planned to give my father a present.But I didn＇t remember it until in the morning.It was too late to post a card to him.So I decided to buy something.When I was in the department store.I found it was not easy for me to choose something right for him.Suddenly I
got an idea.I ran home and opened my computer.I made a beautiful card and mailed him through the Internet.then I began to make supper.When father came home, he was very glad to find a big meal on the table.then I asked him to check his e-mail.He was amazed to find a beautiful card in his e-mail-box.
What a wonderful surprise!
关于钱的英语作文
Money is indeed important, but money cannot buy everything.A miser may think that “money talks,” but if you only give your attention to making money, you may lose many things, such as
6 health, friendship and love.I don＇t think we should regard money as everything.Money is just a tool that can help us solve problems or enable us to live a comfortable life.What we should do is to use it appropriately and not become misers.This way, all of us can lead a happier lives.关于雪的英语作文
It was snow just now, there are lots of snow in the sky.The rivers are stopping flowing.The ground is covered with a layer of snow.
The snow looks like smoke, it’s white.It likes a piece of paper.The snow fall from the sky.It kies the ground.How white the snow is! How beautiful the snow is!
I like snow! I like winter!
推荐第4篇：初中英语
周公解梦中“血主财”，通常梦见血液的都会有好运财运。血在身体里流动，钱在世界上流动，两者有相通的地方。你在财富中得到了满足，就像身体的细胞从血液中得到能量。但是，当然，血主财仅仅是最普通的解释，我们来看更详细的梦境释义。有关“血”的梦境参考：梦见自己在喝血--是发财的祥兆。梦见流血成河--预兆着要发大财。梦见床铺或衣服上有血迹--会患重病，或受刑事案件牵连。梦见别人的床铺或衣服有血斑--仇人会被自己征服，并向自己求饶。梦见吐出的痰中带有血丝--长久以来的期望得以实现或了却宿怨。梦见花或布条中涌出鲜血--你的勇气和果断得到周围人们的赞许，为此大受鼓舞。梦见拿刀刺伤别人后鲜血溅到自己身上--通过帮助梦中的人，得到财物的征兆。梦见某人流着血死去--运作大量资产，毫无保留地发挥自己能力的祥梦。梦见从切断的动物或人的头上喷出血液--得到巨额财物和利权，事业昌盛，声名鹊起的征兆。梦见流出很多生理性血--恳切愿望的事情得以实现，幸福生活一直延续。梦见粘上生理性出血--遇见新的合作伙伴，生意不断的吉祥之梦。梦见正在清洗粘着鲜血的身体或衣服--预示由于财产的损失，将度过贫困潦倒的日子。梦见藏匿粘有血渍的衣服--对自己的错误感到羞愧而极力掩饰。梦见某人的衣服上粘有血迹--这是此人将遭遇不测的征兆。梦见脚底受伤而流血--手下人背信弃义或精神上、物质上蒙受损失。梦见脸上有斑斑的鼻血--向他人公开自己的财产或破财。梦见肚子里充满血液使腹部逐渐涨大--这是得到大量钱财的好梦。梦见体内的血管和脏器被别人误会--耻辱的感觉油然而生。梦见腿受伤而流血--事业发展，进财，感受安逸和成功的喜悦。梦见脚上粘有血渍--会有意想不到的人帮助你成事。胳膊流血--可能因为错误导致贫困潦倒。手指流血--小心最近钱会被骗走。鼻子流血--有些难以避免的小麻烦
推荐第5篇：初中英语
() 21.I think _____ is meaningful for us to help other people.
A.it B.that C.this D.it\'s
()22.Mile _____.
A.joined B.would C.did D.was
() 23.People over 18 can group ____ into a team of four people and join the charity walk.
A.they B.their C.theirs D.them
() 24.They should plan ____ during the walk.
A.what are they going to carry
B.what they are going to carry
C.how are they going to carry
D.how should they carry
() 25.If you finish the walk ____ two hours, you will receive a certificate.
A.within B.for C.since D.after
() 26.Which team is ____, yours or theirs?
A.popular B.more popular
C.most popular D.the most popular
() 27.I wish that I ____ a bird.
A.am B.is C.was D.be
() 28.Mr Li, our maths teacher, was ill this morning ____ he didn\'t come to school today.
A.so B.because of C.because D.but
() 29.They need ____ together to finish the hike because only the team\'s finishing time will be recorded.
A.walk B.walking C.walked D.to walk
() 30.It is wrong ____ some people look down on blind people and it is neceary for ____ ____ help them.
A.that; us; to B.that; we; to
C.that; you; too D./; us; to
52.What can you do to help if you have a ______ (disable) clamate?
53.Lots of people in this town became _________ (home) after the earthquake.
54.Green tells us the meaning of _____ (grow) and life.
55.For _______ (far) information about the charity walk, you can call Mr Zhang.
56.We have a _______ (fit) test every year.
推荐第6篇：初中英语
1.The profeor gave him one of the best ____ after cla.
A.piece of adviceB.pieces of advices C.Piece of advices D.pieces of advice.
2.You may drop in or just give me a call._____ will do.
A.eitherB.EachC.NeitherD.All
3.Do you paly ___ piano in your free time?
No,I like sports, I often play___soccer with my friends.
A.the, /B.the, theC./，theD./，/
4.Our summer holiday is coming.Two ____ the students in our school will go to thebeach.
A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundred of D.hundreds of
5.Are you going to help John with his Chinese this evening?
No, he____ to England.He will be back next month.
A.returnedB.has returnedC.returnsD.will return
6.I _____ English in that school since I came to the city.
A.have taughtB.am teachingC.will teachD.Taught
7.____number of trees____ around Beijing every year.Our environment is getting better and better.
A.are plantB.are plantedC.are planting D.were planted.
8.A:The light in the office is still on.
B: oh, I forgot _______.
A.Turning it offB.Turn it offC.To turn it offD.Having turned it off
推荐第7篇：初中英语
I LOVE TRAVELAs for this eay, I want the person who likes travelling to read.And, I also want the person who yearns to the solitary journey to read.
I like travelling very much.I often go to travel.I meets a lot of people when traveling.It can touch not only the person but also the region.Iam traveling and all the people I met have a very warm heart.It is very kind.There is a person who taught variety of land, too.I do not think meeting with two another degrees in the person.However, I do not think that I forget.Because, The reason is that there are a lot of very good memories.Therefore, travel is not stopped.I go to not only my country but also foreign countries.The communication of the intention can have been done with the person in the country though the word does not run well.However, I thought that the handicap of the word was large.I thought it was good if the word could be
understood more many times.Therefore, I think that I should study the language study more.It can meet the one different according to the land when traveling.The tourist spot is, and there is a lot of one not so either.There are a lot of very good points of
the place taught to the person in local.Therefore, it is always made to speak.I have not traveled still alone.I want to go out to travel alone sometimes.How about you? Traveling with someone is also good.However, I yearn to the solitary journey very much.It is not, and yearns for the destination to free travel.I want to go out to unrestrained travel some time.
Finally, I yearn to the solitary journey.However, I do not hate tour travel.I think that there is a merit also in the tour.I think that traveling with the person who does not know also has the enjoyment.However, I like independent tour more.Which do you like?
推荐第8篇：初中英语
企业避税问题探讨
个人所得税筹划的几点思考
会计报表分析探索
新企业所得税法对企业的影响分析以华为公司为例 浅谈企业内部控制制度 ——以中国石油为例
推荐第9篇：初中英语
晚自习纪律表
姓名周一周二周三周四周日 翁旭辉
阮鹏程
郑开心
郑欣雷
林翰文
推荐第10篇：初中英语
初中英语
词汇10 语法10 听力8 阅读10 写作情景对话文化背景考试突击
词汇语法听力阅读写作情景对话文化背景考试突击
词汇语法听力1010241010810101024122012 课时安排 64课时 课时安排 64课时
完型专项10
阅读专项10
写作专项10
情景对话10
文化背景4
考试专项8中考真题训练
10课时安排 106课时
第11篇：初中英语
一．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
在表示比较的时候，会出现三种情况：同级比较，比较级和最高级。
同级比较的结构是：as...as...，意思是“„„和„„一样”。
例如：
He is as tall as his father.
他和他的父亲一样高。
He gets up as early as Tom every day.
他每天和汤姆起得一样早。
Special tips：
as...as...的中间要用形容词或副词的原形。
这个句子结构的否定形式表达的意思是“„„不如后者„„”。
例如：
The pen is not as dear as that one.
这支钢笔没有那支贵。
比较级的结构是：...than...，意思是“„„比„„更”。
例如：
Today is colder than yesterday.
今天比昨天冷。
Cars run faster than bikes.
汽车比自行车跑得快。
Special tips：
(一) 在指代两者当中的某个特征更明显的对象时，可以用the来特定化。例如：
He is the taller of the twins.
他是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
(二) 某个形容词或副词的比较级形式可以通过and连接起来，表示“越来越„„”。例如：
It becomes older and older.
它变得越来越老。
He walks more and more quickly.
他走得越来越快。
(三) the + 某一形容词或副词的比较级 + the + 某一形容词或副词的比较级，表示“越„„，
就越„„”。
例如：
The more exercise you do，the healthier you will be.
锻炼得越多，你就越健康。
The warmer it gets，the more people you can see in the street.天越暖和，你就会在街上看到越多的人。
(四) 固定结构like...better than...表示的意思是指“与„„（后者）相比较更喜欢„„（前者）”。
例如：
I like ice water better than coke.
与可乐相比我更喜欢冰水。
最高级表示在某个范围内（不少于三个对象）某个对象具有最突出的特征，它常和among，in，of连用。
例如：
He works the most carefully among his clamates.
在他的同学当中他干活最细心。
The red one is the best of all.
红色的是最好的。
二．一般过去时态
一般过去时态表示在过去某个时间发生的事情或动作，强调与现在的对比。我们需要把动词变成过去式。变成否定形式时，只需在动词前加一个didn’t，然后把动词变成原形就可以了。
例如：
He left 4 hours ago.
他在四个钟头前离开了。
He didn’t know how to say it in English.
他不知道它用英语怎么说。
Special tips:
我们需要特别留意不规则动词的过去式形式。
三．一般将来时态
一般将来时态表示的是将要发生或打算要做的事情。结构有二种：
1.主语+be going to + 动词原形
例如：
He is going to travel to Xinjiang.
他要去新疆旅游。
Special tips:
going，leaving，coming的现在进行时态就可以表示将来。
例如：
They’re coming.
他们要来了。
2.主语+will+动词原形
例如：
We’ll be here an hour later.
我们一个钟头后到。
四．反意疑问句
反意疑问句的规则是，“前否定后肯定，前肯定后否定”。我们要把握的是表示否定的词（如little，few，never，no one，nothing，nobody，hardly等）出现在前半句的时候，后面也要用肯定形式。
例如：
Few people know the story，do they?
He never saw the film before，did he?
五．感叹句
how引导的感叹句的完整结构是：
How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + !
例如：
How carefully he drives！
他驾驶得多谨慎小心啊！
How exciting the news is!
这个消息多么激动人心啊！
what引导的感叹句的完整结构是：
What + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + !
例如：
What an exciting news it is！
多么激动人心的消息啊！
Special tips:
判断用how还是用what引导感叹句，要看完整的句子去掉后面的主谓短语后的情况。如果去掉主谓短语后结尾词是名词，就要用what引导这个感叹句。如果去掉主谓短语后结尾词是形容词或副词，就要用how引导这个感叹句。
1.The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时
一般现在时最容易出现错误的地方是在第三人称单数形式上。
everyone，everybody，no one，nobody，someone，somebody，nothing，everything，anything，以及none，each，every引导的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如：
Everyone is here.大家都在这里。
No one knows his name.没有人知道他的名字。
2.The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时
现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式上，我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规则动词的变化形式。
例如：
swimming, beginning, putting, taking, buying, cutting, putting等。
3.The Simple Future Tense 一般将来时
1) 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常
与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow，next week，next year等。其构成为“助动词
will +动词原形”。
2) be going to 用于一般将来时态中，表示“打算，准备，将要„„”。动词be 要随着主语的人称变
化而变化，后面要用动词的原形。
例如：
He is going to walk to school.
I am going to buy a new CD.
They are going to wash the dishes after dinner.
3) go，come，leave这三个词一般不放在be going to 的后面，这三个动词如果要表示将来时，要直接
用be+ going/ coming/ leaving 的形式。
例如：
They are leaving Beijing tonight.
The teacher is coming.
We are going to the Great Wall next Saturday.
4．The Simple Past Tense一般过去时
一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它。
这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有：yesterday，yesterday morning（afternoon，evening），just now（刚才），before（以前），then （at that time）（当时），last + 时间 （如 last week，month，year，Monday，„ January，„ spring，„，etc.），that + 时间 （如 that day，afternoon，summer，„，etc.），时间 + ago （如 a few minutes ago，two weeks ago，years ago，„ etc.）
5．动词的常用搭配形式
let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 It’s time to do sth.到了该做某事的时间。 want to do sth.想做某事 Would you like to do sth？你愿意做某事吗？ help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 like doing sth 喜欢做某事 stop doing sth.别做„„了stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 finish doing sth.结束做某事 Why not do sth.为什么不„„? had better do sth 最好做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 What about doing sth? 做„„怎么样？ need to do sth.需要做某事 Thank you for doing sth.谢谢你„„ tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 be busy doing sth.忙着做某事 ask sb.to do sth.请某人做某事 / 要求某人做某事
第12篇：初中英语
情态动词及虚拟语气
一.单项选择
1.Tom,you___play with the knife,you__hurt yourself.
A.won’t;can’tB mustn’t;may
C.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t
2.when__I comeforthephotos ?I need them this afternoon
A.canB.should
C.mightD.ought
3.You__return the book now.You can keep it till next Sunday if you like.
A.can’tB.ought not
C.needn’tD.shouldn’t
4.Could I borrow your bike?
Yes,of course you___
A.oughtB.will
C.canD.should
5.My mother_____make rice dumplings
She will teach me how to do it
A.mustB.ought to
C.shouldD.can
6.Would you like to go for picnic with us?
_____,but I’m too busy
A.No,I can’tB.Yes,I’m glad
C.Yes,I’d love toC.Yes,I’d like
7.Must I finish my homework now?
A.ought notB.can’t
C.may notD.needn’t
8.Students____be careful when they do chemical experiments in the lab
A.canB.must
C.needD.may
9.Let’s go to the museum tomorrow morning,______?
A.shall weB.will we
C.ought weD.should we
10.Even if she has time,she____shopping in town on Monday.
A.won’t goB.will go
C.won’t go toD.doesn’t go
11.Where are my magazines?
I____lost them
A.ought toB.should have
C.will haveD.must have
12.Lily ____finished earlier
A.shall haveB.ought to
C.could haveD.must have
13.Must I finish my washing now?
No you___.You ___do it tomorrow
A.mustn’t;canB.needn’t,may
C.can’t,mustD.needn’t,must
14.May I go swimming now?
No,you___.You must finish your homework first
A.mustn’tB.may not
C.couldn’tD.needn’t
15.Whose is that coat?Is it Jack’s?
I’m not sure.It_____be this
A.mayB.should to
C.oughtD.should
16.This key____be Bill’s .His is still in the lock
A.may notB.can’t
C.mustn’tD.needn’t
17.The little girl____there alone
A.not dare goB.dares not go
C.dare not goD.dare not to go
18.I ___play ping-pong than basketball
A.would ratherB.had better
C.like betterD.prefer
19.If she___time,she____attend the meeting
A.have,wouldB.had.will
C.had,wouldD.have.wil
20.I wish I ______there two hours earlier
A.can arriveB.could arrive
C.have arrivedD.had arrived
21.If you____my advice,you_____have failed in the examination
A.took,wouldn’tB.have taken,shouldn’t
C.had taken,wouldn’tD.taken,wouldn’t
22.Rose ____that she had never stolen anything
A.insistedB.suggested
C.commandedD.agreed第二题改错
1.ABCD
错误项_____改正___________________
2.ABCD
错误项_____改正_________________
ABCD错误项____改正____________________
ABC
D
错误项___改正____________________
ABCD
错误项____改正____________________
第三题:完成句子
1.即使班里最好的学生也算不出这道题目,它一定很难
Even the top students in our cla can’t work out this problem,so it__________________________________
2.如果你不能保持安静,你必须离开教室
You must leave the claroom_________________________
3.你昨天头疼得厉害,你应该去看医生
You had headache yesterday.You _______________________
4.他不可能在家
He_____________________________
5.我要去看牙科医生,但你不必跟我一起去
I want to see the dentist,________________
6.我不知道她在哪里,她可能在北京
I don’t know where she is.____________________
第四题:填空
用ought to,can,must,can’t,shouldn’t,mustn’t,needn’t填空
1.I________get up early ,for tomorrow is Saturday
2.Lucy’s little sister___________________read or write now
3.Students________play football in the street .It’s dangerous
4.Should I come tomorrow?No,you_______________
5.____________your brother swim?Yes,he______________
6.We______start now,we don’t want to be late
7.Where’s the post office?I __________find it
8.Your sister is ill.You_______look after her at home
9.I_______get down from the tree,so I don’t need your help
10.You_________hand it in at once,you may hand it in tomorrow .
第13篇：初中英语
Unit1：by 的用法 by+v-ing
Unit2：used to be 是重点 意思是 “过去常常”
Unit3：被动语态 sb should be allowed to do sth “某人应该被允许做某事 Unit4：虚拟语气If i were …，i would …
Unit5：sth belong to sb 某物属于某人
Unit6：定语从句
Unit7：知识点多忘了⊙﹏⊙
Unit8：put off+v-ing , work as, sw+adj
Unit9：被动语态 本单元重点单词：invent，be invented ，inventor
Unit10：过去完成时 标志性词语：by the time,realize
Unit11：宾语从句，注意从句的语序和先行词
Unit12：be supposed to 句型
Unit13:make sb do sth,make sb adj
Unit14：现在完成时：have done结构
Unit15：各个单元都有一些 单词表里单词的句型
ps:每个单元的标题很重要
过去常常做某事 used to do sth习惯做某事 be used to doing sth 激光唱机 a CD player 输入 put into 全神贯注于……中 put one’s heart into 想出、提供 come up with 拾起某物 pick up sth 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb 把某物借给某人 lend sb sth/lend sth to sb 带给某人知识 give sb knowledge 在校园内的室外 outside in the schoolyard 忘记要做某事 forget to do sth 忘记曾经做过的事 forget doing sth 第二天 the next day 上一周 last week 几天以后 several days later 迟早 sooner or later 更糟糕的是 what be worse 为……而付款 pay for… 所借的书 borrowed books 在国外 be abroad 整理床铺 make the bed 把某物归还给某人 return sth to sb 从某人处得到某物get sth from sb 顺手拿走、偷走 walk away with 鼓励某人做某事 encourage ab to do sth Unit 2 水上运动 water sports 一天三次 three times a day 尝试 have a try / want a go 遍及全世界 all over the world 许许多多、大量 a large number of 一年到头，终年 all the year round 不管 no matter 放弃做某事 give up doing sth 放弃工作 give up one’s job 以冲浪为生 live to surf 看起来令人兴奋 look exciting 因……而著名 be famous for 在A和B之间 between A and B 例如 for example 从那时起 ever since 打零工 a part-time aistant 休息一晚 have a night off 使某人舒畅（开心）make sb fit 乐趣无穷 such great fun 动身去某地 leave for sw.一等奖 first prize 冲浪竞赛 a surfing competition 奥林匹克运动会 Olympic Games 出差,因公 on busine 时光飞逝，光阴似箭，日月如梭 (How) time flies! 迄今为止 so far 到某处旅游 travel to sw.试着做某事 trying doing sth 尽力做某事 try to do sth 一个十二岁的男孩 a 12-year-old boy / a boy of 12 实现 come true 走进、踏入 step into 减速 slow down 又过了两个小时 another two hours 高度赞扬 speak highly of 因……感到自豪 be proud of doing sth / be proud
to do sth 是…..的骄傲 be the pride of sb Unit 3 造纸厂 a paper factory 找出、查明 find out 倾倒, 倒入 pour… into 污水、废水 waste water 害怕某事（物） be afraid of sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth 传到某人耳中 come to one’s ears 将某物投入 throw sth in 将某物投入某处 throw sth into sw.帮助做某事 help (to) do sth 保持城市整洁 keep the city clean 保护环境 protect the environment 绿化中国 Greener China 乱丢某物 litter / throw sth about 以……为根据 base on /be based on 在公共场所吐痰 spit in a public place 为干某事而做出(巨大)贡献 make a (great) contribution to doing sth 砍伐 cut down 收垃圾的车 a truck collecting rubbish Unit 4 尽快 as soon/quickly as poible; as soon /quickly as one can 现在 right now 乘飞机旅行 travel by plane/ air 匆匆行程 a rushed trip 火车旅途 a train ride 打的前往 take a taxi to 卧铺车箱 a sleeping car 四处走走 walk around 感到疲惫 feel tired 打牌 play cards 一直不断干某事 keep doing sth 不断老是做某事 keep on doing sth 为某人提供某物 offer sb sth 练习干某事 practise doing sth 很快睡熟了 fall fast asleep 持久 last long 持续一段时间 last for some time 旅行 go on a trip/ have a trip / be on a trip 拍照 take photos / pictures 赶快 hurry up 在某人一生中 in one’s life 留言 leave a meage 冲洗, 显影 come out Unit 5 过来、加油 come on 开家庭会议 have a family meeting 谈论 talk about 去度假 go for a holiday / go on holiday 决定干某事 decide to do sth 潜水 scuba diving 在因特网上 on the Internet 上网查寻 search the Internet 双击左键 double left click 因特网图标 the Internet icon 键入网址 type in the Website 按回车键 pre the enter button 花市 a flower market 驯鹿公园 a deer park 单程 one-way trip 往返双程 round trip 珊瑚礁 coral reefs 快速列车 a fast train 向前走 walk along 照直走 go straight along 请稍等 just / wait a minute Unit 6 报警 call the police 出事故 have an accident 去冲浪 go surfing 骑马 ride a horse 拜访某人 visit sb 允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth 使它成为可能 make it poible 水下呼吸器 the scuba machine 对……感兴趣 be interested in 摄像 make videos 制作电视节目 make a TV show 对……感到惊讶 be amazed /surprised at 保护环境 save /protect the environment 保持某物清洁 keep sth clean 清理、打扫 clean up 鼓励某人干某事 encourage sb to do sth 参加……活动 take part in sth /doing sth 长达…… as long as… 在世界上 on earth / in the world 以……为生、为主食 feed on… 在沙滩上 on the beaches 警告某人做某事 warn sb to do sth 去看望、拜访某人go to visit sb 走出 get out of 就这么定了。 That’s a deal.Unit 7 能 be able to 持续做…… keep doing sth 让某人持续做某事 keep sb doing sth 操作、从事、致力于…… work on sth 改变世界 change the world 试验新的想法（创新）try out new ideas 在校上学 be in school 与……无/有关 have nothing / something to do with… 对……感兴趣 be interested in 在12岁时 at the age of 12 铁轨 railway tracks 冲过去 rush out 把孩子抱到安全地带carry the boy to safety 如此……以致…… so… that… 对……评价高，看重 think a lot of 考虑、关心 think of 开发 open up 关小 turn dow ...
第14篇：初中英语
初中英语写作策略指导与实践
第一部分 应用文
应用文是人们日常生活或工作中经常使用的文体，包括书信、通知、便条、启事等。其语言重在实用，要求朴实、准确、简洁。
应用文在实践中逐渐形成了各自的格式，且各种格式都有一定的规范。掌握应用文的基本结构和特点是学生应该具备的基本功之一。
第一节书信
书信是人们在日常生活、学习、工作和公务活动中应用最为广泛的有一定惯用格式的应用文，是个人与个人之间、个人与组织之间、组织与组织之间交流思想感情、传递意见要求、传播信息的书面形式。
同其它类应用文一样，书信具有实用性强、格式固定、使用广泛等特点。
由于文化背景与习俗的不同，英文书信与中文书信在书写格式上有较大差异，需特别注意。
书信的写法应注意三大部分。
一、信封的格式
在信封正面的中间略偏右的地方写收信人的地址，注意要先写收信人的姓名，再从小到大写上收信人的地址，寄信人的地址则按从小到大的顺序写在信封的左上角，或者是写在信封的背面。格式如下所示：
二、书信的格式
书信分为正式信件(公务性信件和商务性信件)和非正式信件(家人、朋友之间的信件)两种。常见的书信格式如下图所示：
三、正文的写法
1.信头(Heading)：信头是指写信人的地址及日期，位于信笺的右上方，距信纸的顶头约一英寸。顺序是先写地址，后写日期。地址由小写到大，即门牌号→街名→城市→省份→国名，由小到大的顺序书写。如“江西省万载县康乐镇田下路159号”，英文写法是：159 Tianxia Road, Kangle Town, Wanzai County, Jiangxi Province；日期可按“日—月—年”的顺序或“月—日—年”的顺序写。
2.信内地址(Inside Addre)：它是指收信人的姓名和地址，写在信笺的左上方，稍低于信头一至二行，在称呼语上方。顺序是先写收信人姓名，后写职务，再写地址(由小到大)。商业往来信件及公函必须写信头和信内地址。但亲友、熟人之间的信可不写信内地址，信头处只写发信日期。
3.称呼(Greeting)：收信人的称呼，写在信纸的左边，低于信内地址。
4.书信的正文(Body)：是写信者所要说的话，正文信的内容，从左向右横写，低于称呼语，常在缩进
四、五个字母处起笔。写信与写文章一样，要分段写，每段有一个中心思想，内容要表达清楚，语言要简单明了，态度要诚恳礼貌。给亲友的信还应亲切热情。考试时必须把规定的内容写清楚。正文结束时，还可写一两句表达心愿的话，如：Best wishes to you /Remember me to your family /Hoping to hear from you soon等。
5.结束语(Closing)：发信人表示自己对收信人的一种客套称呼，写在书信正文结尾下面低两行的位置上。一般它均从正中或偏右处写起。结束语的第一个字母必须大写，后面须加上逗号。收信人与写信人之间是朋友关系时常用：Yours,/Yours ever,/Ever yours,/Always(Sincerely) yours, 等等。
6.签名(Signature)：发信人自己的姓名，写在结束语的下面一行。可与结束语齐头或略向右靠一点儿。
在这里给大家介绍一些关于书信的开头和结尾的写法：
A.开头语
1.Thank you for your letter of September 1.
2.Many thanks for your kind letter which reached me yesterday.
3.You letter come to me this morning.
4.I was delighted to receive your letter.
5.I am in receipt of your letter.
6.It’s a long time since I saw your last.
7.I have been miing you a lot since we met last time.
8.I am sorry for not writing to you sooner.
9.I am writing to you tell that ……
10.I often think of you.How are you recently?
B.结束语
1.Good luck!
2.Best wishes!
3.Take care of yourself, will you?
4.Send my love to your…
5.Please write to me when you have time.
6.Please write soon.
7.Let’s keep in touch.
8.I am looking forward to your next letter soon.
9.Thank you for an early reply.
10.Please tell me if you need my help.
[实例点评]
请按以下提示给美国总统写一封信。提示：
1.你是一个中国学生，对美国攻打伊拉克很关注。
2.战争已经持续十多天了。这些天来，大约二十万美、英士兵一直在攻击伊拉克(Iraq) 。到目前为止，已经有很多房屋被摧毁(destroy) ，数以百计的平民
(civilians) 在战争中被打死。伊拉克的儿童不能安静地上学，甚至连吃的都没有。
3.希望美、英立刻停止战争，让伊拉克人民能重新过上平静的生活，让伊拉克的儿童重新回到课堂。
[写作指导]
1.这是一封写给美国总统呼吁停止战争的信。措词要恰当。要以学生身份去写。
2.一些关键词：last 持续, two hundred thousand 二十万，be killed 被打死，live a…life 过着……生活，care about 关注。
3.要正确使用被动语态。
[参考范文]
No.28 Middle School
Yangzhou
April 8, 2005
Dear Mr President Bush,
I am a student from China.All my clamates and I are caring about the war between your country and Iraq.
So far, the war has lasted about ten days.During these days, about two hundred thousand soldiers from your country and Britain have kept attacking Iraq.Many houses have been destroyed.Hundreds of civilians have been killed in the war.What’s worse, the children in Iraq couldn’t go to school like the children in your country and all of us.They even have no food to eat.
Mr President Bush, will you please stop the war at once? Let the people in Iraq live a quiet life and let the children go back to their schools, will you?
Love,
Li Lei
[强化训练]
1.假如你叫Li Ming, 中学生，经常收听音乐节目，请你用英语给节目主持人写一封信。信的要点如下：(1)你很喜欢这个节目，特别是英语歌曲；(2)学习很疲劳时，你会打开收音机，听这个节目；(3)从英语歌里你学了很多单词；你最喜欢“Take Me to Your Heart”这首歌，希望得到歌词(the words of a song)。
注意：信要通顺连贯；词数70左右。信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
2.假定你叫周海，家住江西省南昌市北京西路 153号，你刚收到好友张辉8月15日的来信。他说对英语学习失去了信心，准备放弃，你很吃惊。现请你给他复信，劝他继续学习，并告诉他英语是一门重要学科，要有克服困难的意志，要有好的学习方法。写信时间为8月 20日，词数100左右。
[参考范文]
1.
No.28 Middle School
Suzhou
April 8, 2005
Dear Mr Liu,
I’m a middle school student.In my spare time, I’d love to listen to the radio,
especially the programme you present.When I am tired, I usually turn on my radio to relax.I enjoy the English songs in the programme most.From the songs, I learn new words.It is helpful in my English study.
I was wondering whether you could help me find the words of the song Take Me to Your Heart, as it is one of my favourites.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
2.
153 Beijing West Road
Nanchang, Jiangxi
August 20, 2005
Dear Zhang Hui,
I have received your letter of August 15.I’m surprised to learn that you have lost heart in your English and that you want to give it up.
In my opinion, English is an important subject for us middle school students.It’s wrong for you to give it up.I hope you’ll go on studying English.You should have more confidence and when you are learning a language you will make mistakes, this is part of learning.Where there is a will, there is a way.Besides, you must develop a good way of learning.If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for help.I’m sure you’ll make great progre in your English very soon.Yours,
Zhou Hai
第15篇：初中英语
初中英语语法口诀
英语语法口诀歌
1.数词变化规律及读法口诀
两大数词基和序，前表数量后第几。 构成先谈基数词，1至12请认真记。
13至19teen结尾齐，ty结尾表示几十。 若要表达几十几，几十短横1到9。
One hundred 一百记，若表几百几十几。 几百 and几十几，基数规律上述里。
再把序数谈仔细，第一至三独立记。 第四至十九结尾th,第廿到九十有规律。
基数基础y变ieth。第几十几有特例，第几十由基数起，几用序数有道理。
第一百one hundred。若说第一百几十几。 One hundred and第几十几。谈此即告一段落。
2.一般现在时用法及句型转换口诀
经常习惯动作和真理，是一般现在时的定义。构成除单三皆动原式。若逢动词第三人称体，
动词变单三式有道理。若要变成否定的形式， 动词原形之前加don’t,除单三人称外无特例。
单三式前doesn’t动原基。句首Do,Does疑问起，Does用单三人称限制，单三还原形没大问题。
3.变动词单三人称口诀
一般情况动词尾-s加。O,s,ch,sh结尾“-es”没有差。 辅音加y 去y为“-ies”是方法。
4现在分词构成口诀
词尾直加-ing是一般式，若遇无音e去之加-ing。
重读闭音一辅音字母尾，双写该字母-ing是正里。
8.形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成口诀
结尾直加-er,-est属一般，详细构成方法逐一来侃谈。
一辅音结尾重读闭音节看，辅音双写-er,-est是习惯。
辅音加y(ly)除外有型感，按照去y,-er,-iest方法办。
上述皆属单音部分双音段，下面把多音节规律来看看。
词前加more,most此规律唤。规则变化到此已全都谈完。
有些不规则变化请你记全。“双好”better,best记的宽。
“坏病”worse,worst莫记乱。“双多” more,most不用管
“老、远”两种形式别记篡，“有点”le,least记清盼。
5.感观使役动词记忆和使用口诀
1.记忆口诀：二听四看一感觉，使役动词有三个。
或：一感二听三使四看。
一感；feel 二听：hear,listen to 三使：make ,let ,have
四看：look at,see,watch,notice
使用口诀：感使动词真奇怪，to在句中象妖怪。
主动句里它走开，被动句里它回来。
动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。
10.规则动词加-ed的读音口诀
元音后[t]，浊音后[d]，[t][d ]后读[id]。
注：浊音包括浊辅音和元音。
6.时刻表达法口诀
时刻表达法作用大，衣食住行离不开它。 整点时把点钟数打，时分俱全不好表达。
请记下列几种方法：先时后分莫给弄差。 若要说明几点过几分，可把past和after来抓。
前分后时不能搞差，要说几点几分差， to前分后时来表达。
7.形容词和副词的比较等级及用法句型口诀
一者比较用原级。比较级限二者比。三者三者往上比，最高级的用法起。
若要比项掌握齐，比较范围要搞细。比较级二句型记，做出句子没问题。
若甲乙程度相同，as…as 结构体。甲某方面不及乙，用 not so/as…as表示。
1、英语的词类
句子要由词组成，
英语词类有十种：
句中成分用实词，
名、代、动、副、数、形容：
冠、介、连词和感叹，
虚词附加或沟通。
词类功能掌握了，
造句之时好运用。
2、语序歌
主、谓、宾、表同汉语，
定语有同也有异。
状语位置更特殊，
不能全和汉语比。
3、肯定句变一般疑问句
have和be提句首，
其它助词Do开头。
时间、人称由do变，
动词只把原形留。
谓语助词有几个，
第一助词提句首。
4、肯定句变否定句
否定词语加not，
放在be和have后。
其它要加动词do，
do的后面加not，
时间、人称由do变，
动词原形总保留。
谓语若是助词多，
not紧跟第一个。
5、名词的所有格
名词只变数，
不分主宾格。
人和动物类，
可变所有格。
撇（’）后加s，
相当汉语“的”。
时间、距离等，
也变所有格。
6、名词变复数
单数变为复数式，
加上“s”统言之。
7、时间名词前所有介词的速记
年月周前要用in，
日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用“on”，
上午下午又是“in”。
要说某日上下午，
用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏用at，
黎明用它也不错。
at也在时分前，
说“差”用to，
说“过”要用past。
8、介词用法歌
介词加宾语，
才能有实意。
表、定、状、宾、补，
词组在句里。
9、介词顺口溜
in 在……里，
out在……外，
在旁边的是beside，
靠近的为by。
on在……上，
under在……下，
above在上头，
below在底下。
10、be的用法歌
动词be，变化大，
“I”用“am”“You”用“are”
Is用于它（it）、他（he）、她（she）
复数一定要用“are”，
切莫用错闹笑话。
11、动词的时态
四种时间各四式，
联想对比便于记。
时间现在和过去，
各自还有将来时。
一般、完成、进行式，
完成进行是四式。
四四共有十六种，
看来复杂掌握易；
除去have/be以外，
动词变化有规律。
12、动词形式的变化
动词根本是原形，
变化形式有四种：
原形词尾加“s”，
现在第三单人称；
过去原形加“ed”，
过去分词也相同；
原形加上“ing”，
现在分词或动名。
原形词尾加“s”，
如同名词复数式。
若加“ed/ing”，
以下情况要注意：
词尾有ie只加d，
Ing去掉无声e；
词尾ie变成y，
然后再加ing；
辅音之后y结尾，
Y要变i加ed；
现在分词不变y，
直接加上ing；
词尾重读闭音节，
结尾辅音都双写，
r做结尾也一样，
重读音节r双写；
结尾字母若是“t”，
不是重读也双写。
过去分词过去式，
不按规则也有些。
13、动词不定式不带to的动词
四看（notice，observe，see，watch），
三使役（have，let，make），
二听(hear，listen to)，
一感觉（feel）。
按：在上述动词后做宾语补语用的不定式不带to。
14、非谓语动词
动词不做调话用，
不定、分调与动名。
to加原形不定式，
词组可做名、副、形。
分调现在和过去，
相当副词和形容。
原形加上“ing”，
动词具有名词性。
15、基数词变序数词（之一）
基变序，有规律，
词尾字母tdd。①
八减t，九减e，
f要把ve替。②
ty把y变成i，
记住山前有个e。③
① 指first、second、third。
② 指eight去掉t，nine去掉e，five和twelve去掉ve加上f。
③ 指twenty→twentieth等。
16、基数词变序数词（之二）
第一、
二、三要全变，①
其余“th”加后边，②
“th”里有例外，
你需格外记明白：
八减t，九减e，③
字母f代ve，④
ty变tie。⑤
① one-first，two-second，three-third。
② four-fourth，seven-seventh，hundred-hundredth。.
③ eight-eighth ，nine-ninth。
④ five-fifth，twelve-twelfth。
⑤ twenty-twentieth，sixty-sixtieth。
17、There be的位置和用法
说明何时何地有，
there be在主语前。
随着主语第一个，
be的形式做变换。
18、be going的用法
be going是助动词，
后跟加to不定式。
说明“准备”或“就要”，
时间人称只变be。
19、have+got
have作为动词“有”，
情态动词have；
have got惯用语，
got可有也可无。
若变否定疑问，
去掉got再加do；
或把have提句首，
not加在have后。
20、以or结尾的词
售票员班长（照）镜子，
蓖麻教授（找）医生。
按：有些同学常把-or结尾的词误拼为-er结尾的词。初中课本1-6册只有六个以-or结尾的词。它们是：doctor n.医生（第一册）；monitor n班长（第二册）；conductor n.售票员（第四册）；mirror n镜子（第五册）；castor n蓖麻（第六册）；profeor n教授（第六册）。
21、以f（e）结尾的名词复数
以f（e）结尾的名词，在中学课本里，出现了不少。其名词复数形式：有的直接在-f（e）后加s；有的要改-f（e）为ve再加-s；个别单词上述两种形式均可（如handkerchief→handkerchiefs或handkerchieves）。似乎不易记住这些规则，可只要记只下面这首顺口溜，相信你就不会觉得难了。
妻子持刀去宰狼，
小偷吓得发了慌；
躲在架后保己命，
半片树叶遮目光。
按：顺口溜中的字是中学阶段学过的九个以上-f（s）结尾的名词：wife（妻子），knife（小刀），wolf（狼），thief（小偷），shelf（架子），self（自己），life（生命），half（一半），leaf（树叶）。这九个词变复数时，都是改-f（e）为ve再加-s。由self构成的复合词，其变化与self相同（如myself→ourselves；yourself→yourselves）
第16篇：初中英语
初中英语语法知识框架总结
中考的语法，初一占50%，初二占50%，然而到了初三是复习拔高的过程。而在中考当中，单项选择和完形填空是考察语法的两道大题，其中以名词、代词、数词、介词、连词、形容词、副词、冠词以及句子（宾语从句出现频率较高）为主旋律，几乎年年都在考，另外，还要单独把动词拿出来讲，纵观近五年北京中考英语，只要涉及语法，动词是必考的，这就要同学们从现在开始牢记动词的三单形式，动词的一般过去式，动词的过去分词，现在分词，当然，动词的原型是必会的。同时还要熟练掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、现在进行时和过去进行时，这些时态在中考当中地位也是相当高的，历来是走在时尚的最前沿。下面就历年语法出现的频率高低进行排序
一、代词
二、时态
三、词汇
四、非谓语动词
五、固定短语
六、形容词、副词
七、连词
八、介词
九、宾语从句
十、被动语态 十
一、情态动词 十
二、主将从现 十
三、数 十
四、对话问答 十
五、特殊结构。
初中基本语法框架
Ⅰ 词类:
名词冠词代词形容词数词动词副词介词连词感叹词
名词：
1.名词的种类
专有名词集体名词普通名词物质名词抽象名词
2.名词的数
3.名词的格
(二)冠词
1.定冠词-the
2.不定冠词-a / an
3.零冠词
(三)形容词
1.形容词的构成
2.形容词的用法
3.形容词的位置
4.形容词的比较级和最高级(一般加 er / est ，不规则见表)
(四) 副词
1.副词的种类
1 时间副词2 地点副词3 方式副词4 程度副词5 疑问副词 6 关系副词 7 连接副词 8 频率副词9 其他副词
2.副词的用法
1 作状语2 作定语(要后置)3 作表语4 作宾补，构成复合宾语
3.副词的比较级和最高级
(五)数词 1.基数词 2.序数词
六)代词
物主代词反身代词相互代词 指示代词 不定代词 疑问代词 关系代词 连接代词
(七)动词
行为动词及物动词不及物动词连系动词 助动词 情态动词
注：动词(除情态动词，只有原形和过去式)有原形、第三人称单数、动词-ing、动词过去式、动词过去分词五种形式。
(八)介词
1.介词的种类
1 简单介词2 合成介词3 短语介词4 分词介词
2.介词短语在句子中的作用：
1 作定语2 作状语3 作表语4 作宾语补足语
3.常用介词的基本用法：
1 表示时间的介词
2 表示位置，方位的介词
3 表示交通方式的常用介词
4 其他一些词组搭配介词
(九)连词
1.并列连词：
表联合关系连词转折连词选择连词
2.从属连词：
1 引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句的连用
2 引导状语从句的从属连词：
(十)非谓语动词 5 作主语补足语
1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。
2.动词不定式
3.动名词
4.分词：动词原形+ing 。具有形容词、副词和动词一些特征。(可分为现在分词、过去分词)
现在分词
过去分词
(十一)动词的语态
1.语态定义：英语中表示主语和谓语之间的关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。We teach English in our school .(主动) English is taught in our school .(被动)
2.被动语态：助动词Be + 及物动词的过去分词(be +p.p.)，be有人称、时态和数的变化。见下表：
时 态 谓语动词的形式 例 子
一般现在时 Am / is / are + 动词过去分词 Colour TVs are made in the factory .一般过去时 Was / were +动词过去分词 My hometown was liberated in 1949 .一般将来时 Shall / will + be +动词过去分词 The film will be shown again .现在进行时 Am / is / are + being +动词过去分词 The walls are being painted .过去进行时 Was / were +being动词过去分词 The tickets were being well sold then .
现在完成时 Has / have + been + 动词过去分词 A new road has been built here .(十二)动词的时态：
时态 表示内容 谓语动词的构成 常用的时间状语 例句
一般现在时一般将来时 一般过去时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去将来时
Ⅱ 句子
1.定义：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语里的组成部分。
句子的种类
1.英语中按使用目的或功用分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。句子类型
1.从结构上看，英语的句子可分为三种类型：简单句、并列句和复合句。
2.简单句：由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫做简单句。简单句有六种句型：
1 主语+不及物动词(+状语)2 主语+连系动词+表语3 主语+及物动词+宾语.4 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语6 There +be+主语+状语
3.并列句：由并列连词把两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子。常用的并列连词有and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet, neither…nor, either…or, still, however, not only…but also等。并列句的结构：简单句+并列词+简单。
4.复合句：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫做复合句。主句是句子的主体，从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。从句可以担任复合句的主语(主语从句)、表语(表语从句)、宾语(宾语从句)、定语(定语从句)、状语(状语从句)。中学阶段主要学习含有状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句的复合句。
主语从句
状语从句
定语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
Ⅲ There be 句型
Ⅳ 主谓一致
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语？如：
①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports, do you?使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则：
一、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如：
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)
三、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t they?)②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)
四、反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)
②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)
③It is impoible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?)
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：
①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)
②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。如：I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如：
①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?)
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?)
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you)②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?)
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如：Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如：
Let us stop to rest, will you?
十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如：
Let’s go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如：
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。如：
Don’t make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如：
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语？形式。①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?
②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
二
十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语？或usedn’t +主语？形式。
①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?
②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：
①He might have forgotten his pen in the claroom yesterday, didn’t he?
(不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?)
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?)
二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如：
①Everyone must have known the death of the waitre, haven’t they? (不用mustn’t they?)
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?)
二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如：
①What he said is true, isn\'t it? (不用didn’t he?)
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用won’t we?)二十
四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如：①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn\'t it?
②Skating is your favorite sport, isn\'t it? (汪文)
第17篇：初中英语
关于政府专职消防队建设的实施意见
(送审稿)
为全面构筑覆盖城乡的灭火救援力量体系，根据省政府办公
厅 《关于进一步加强政府专职消防队建设的意见》(皖政办
[2012]四I号)精神，结合我市实际，现就政府专职消防队
建设提出以下实施意见。
一、总体目标
以邓小平理论、\"三个代表\"重要思想和科学发展观为指
导，按照政府主导、专群结合、覆盖城乡、统筹发展的原则，加大城市消防站建设力度，真正解决城区消防覆盖盲区问题;在符合条件的乡镇组建政府专职消防队，有效解决乡镇农村消防专业力量不足问题;招聘补充政府专职消防员，切实解决现役消防警力不足问题。到2015年底前，逐步形成以公安现役消防力量为主休，以政府专职消防队为重点，以
志愿消防队伍为补充，覆盖全市城乡的消防力量休系。
二、工作任务
(一)新建2个消防站。按照住建部、国家发改委《城市消
防站建设标准》和《马鞍山市城市消防规划 (2008-2020)》
的要求，科学规划、合理布局，力争2015 年底前新建2个
消防站，并按标准配齐车辆器材装备，使消防站数量、规模
及装备水平与城市经济社会发展相适应。
(市发政委、规划局、财政局、消防支队负责) (二)招聘补
充专职消防队员。根据省消防总队关于政府专职消防队员和
消防大员发展任务的要求，20@3年至2015年，市、县、区
新招聘政府专职消防队员四5名、消防大员20名(招聘补充
专职消防队员计划见附表人 (市消防支队、市人社局、各县、
区负责
(三)组建乡镇专职消防队。在建成区面积超过4平方公里
或居住人口4万人以上的22个乡镇，按照公安部《乡镇消
防队标准》，组建政府专职消防队(乡镇消防队建设计划见附
表)。乡镇专职消防队应纳入城镇体系规划、乡镇规划及消
防专项规划，有计划地组织建设。原则上每个专职消防队配
备水罐或泡沫消防车1辆、消防摩托车1辆，核定二级消防
队专职消防员5名，一级消防队专职消防员8名。各县、区、
开发园区可结合本地实际和灭火救援需求，参照《乡镇消防
队标准》，合理确定专职消防队建设标准。22个乡镇消防队
可招聘政府专职消防队员l10名-@76名，具休招聘数量由市
消防支队根据乡镇消防队建设情况，与县区、开发园区商定，
逐年安排落实。 (各县、博望区、郑蒲港新区、示范园区、
市消防支队负责)
三、队伍建设
(一)队员招聘。城区(含郑蒲港新区、示范园区)专职消防
队员由市消防支队会同市人社局进行公开招聘;三县专职消防队员由县消防大队会同县人社局进行公开招聘;对
消防部队退伍战士可免笔试，经相关考核择优聘用。
(二)队员派遣。公开招聘的政府专职消防队员全部实行人事
派遣、岗位聘用、合同管理。城区专职消防队员由市消防支
队确定人员分配方案，与派遣机构签订派遣协议;三县专职
消防队员由县消防大队确定人员分配方案，与派遣机构签订
派遣协议;郑蒲港新区、示范园区的专职消防队员由郑蒲港
新区、示范园区与派遣机构签订派遣协议。明确派遣机构和
用人单位分别承担的服务项日和管理内容，派遣机构主要负
责派遣人的合同签订、档案管理、工资代发、办理社会保险、
劳务纠纷处理等其他协议约定的事项;用人单位主要负责派
遣人的岗位安排、消防训练、绩效考核、奖励惩戒等日常管
理工作。派遣机构与派遣人员签订劳动合同，明确双方权利
和义务;用人单位与派遣人员签订岗位协议，明确岗位要求
和纪律。
(三)队员管理。城区专职消防队员分别由市消防支队和所
在区消防大队管理。各县专职消防队员由所在县消防大队管
理。乡镇政府(含郑蒲港新区、示范园区乡镇)组建的政府专
职消防队，由乡镇政府所在地的公安派出所管理，与派出所
合署办公，平时可参与公安派出所联防工作，消防训练由县、
区消防大队负责。在执行灭火救援任务过程中，政府专职消
防队接受公安机关及其消防机构的统一组织和指挥。
(四)队员待遇。政府专职消防队员工资待遇，可参照当地
事业单位人员的工资标准，由各县区、开发园区根据财力状
况确定，并建立绩效工资制度。政府专职消防队员参加城镇
企业职工基本养老保险和城镇职工基本医疗、失业、工伤、
生育等社会保险，要参照公安现役消防员标准，为政府专职
消防队员购买人身意外伤害保险，作为工伤保险的补充。政
府专职消防队员在业务训练、灭火战斗或应急救援等工作中
因公受伤、致残或死亡的，按照《工伤保险条例》的规定进
行工伤认定、劳动能力鉴定，落实各项工伤待遇。符合烈士
申报条件的，依照《烈士褒扬条例》有关规定，依法按程序
评定，并落实各项政策。
四、保障措施
(一)加强组织领导。为切实推动全市政府专职消防队建设，
市政府成立政府专职消防队建设领导小组，市政府分管副市
长任组长，县、区、开发园区和市发改委、财政局、民政局、
人社局、规划局、公安局、消防支队负责人为成员。领导小
组主要负责政府专职消防队建设的领导，统筹协调相关重大
问题。领导小组办公室设在市消防支队，主要负责政府专职
消防队建设的日常工作和有关重要事项落实情况的督查。
(二)落实经费保障。政府专职消防队的建设、装备配
臵和人员业务等所需经费纳入同级财政预算，由同级财政
保障。乡镇财政承担不足部分，由县、区、开发园区财政予
以保障到位。县、区政府、开发园区和市财政部门要接照《安
徽省地方消防经费管理办法》，统筹安排好政府专职消防队建设经费，并建立与政府专职消防队发展相配套的经费保障
长效机制。
(三)规范队伍管理。市消防支队要制定政府专职消防队管
理细则，明确政府专职消防队员招收、培训、执勤、训练、
考评等方面的具体要求，建立规范的政府专职消防队学习、
工作、生活和训练执勤等秩序。
五、有关要求
(一)政府专职消防队是由政府批准建立，具有社会公益性
质，以政府财政保障承担防火、灭火和应急救援任务的专业
化、职业化消防队伍，是覆盖我市城乡的重要消防力量。各
县、区和开发园区要高度重视政府专职消防队建设，因地制
宜，统筹安排，全面落实政府专职消防队建设工作。市直相
关部门要根据职责任务，认真组织实施，确保我市政府专职
消防队建设顺利推进。
(二)市政府将政府专职消防队建设工作纳入社会治安综合
治理、\"平安创建\"考评范围，对政府专职消防队建设工作落
实不到位的，予以通报批评;对末落实建设、管理要求，致
使火灾发生后得不到有效扑救，造成重大火灾事故的， 按
照有关规定严格实行责任追究。20I3年3月1日
第18篇：初中英语
一、听力测试（共30分）：略
二、单项选择（每小题1分，共20分）
22.My grandmother remembered ____________.
A.when we traveled to Shanghai
B.when did we travel to Shanghai
C.when we travel to Shanghai
D.when do we travel to Shanghai
23.Use your head and you _________ the answer to the question.
A.find B.will find
C.found D.are finding
24.Tim is getting old and cannot jump as _____ as he did.
A.higher B.high
C.highest D.much higher
25.The number of the students in our school ________ as many as 4，000.
A.have reached B.has reached
C.have reached to D.has reached to
26.She’s already gone back home after school， ___________?
A.isn’t she B.hasn’t she
C.doesn’t she D.wasn’t she
27.—How long has the amusement park been in busine?
—________ 1963.
A.After B.From C.Since D.For
28._____ friends you have， ______ you will be.
A.The more， the more happy
B.More， more happy
C.The more， the happier
D.More， happier
29.I asked Lucy and Susan to my birthday party， but ______ of them came.
A.both B.neither C.all D.none
30.As a reporter， I think I will meet __________ interesting and famous people and stories.
A.much B.a lot C.a few D.lots of
31.—Tiger Woods really does well in playing golf， doesn’t he?
—____________.
A.Me， too.B.Sure he does.
C.He sure is.D.All right.
32.Will the little panda ________ live by itself in the forest? We are worried about that.
A.can B.be supposed
C.must D.be able to
33.________ you like， you can come and see us.
A.Wherever B.Whoever
C.Who D.Whenever
34.I’m sorry I can’t _________ the word “发展” in English.
A.think of B.think over
C.think about D.think
35.Many people had difficulty _________ water to drink in Chongqing this summer.
A.to get B.as getting
C.for getting D.in getting
36.Cars __________ be parked here and there， or there will be a traffic jam in the street.
A.should B.mustn’t
C.needn’t D.have to
37.Lily lost his dog， and she __________ it yet.
A.haven’t found B.hasn’t found
C.find D.hasn’t finded
38.Would you mind ___________ here， sir? It’s not allowed to smoke here.
A.not smoking B.not to smoke
C.smoking D.to smoke
39._________ getting a snow globe of a birthday cake for your sister?
A.Why not B.Why don’t you
C.How about D.Why don’t
40.What _____ she _____ when the UFO landed?
A.did ， do B.was doing
C.does， do D.is doing
41.Excuse me， would you like to ________ your cigarette?
A.put off B.put out
C.put on D.put up
三、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）
On my way into the building I felt my heart beating.My face was red and my hands were cold.I told myself to pull 42 together.As I walked， I seemed to 43 the attention of strangers.They led me up some old wooden 44 and into a room.I looked around.There were tables covered with papers.Chairs were stacked （堆） against the wall.I waited 20 minutes 45 a tired woman came running up the stairs.She smiled and said she was very excited to see me.I 46 back.She was very nice and told me I would fit right in.She told me to go downstairs and start right away.I knew I had the skills and the personality to do a good job.As I went round the corner to see where I would work， I was 47 .Shiny gla jars （罐子） of candy were placed neatly on the counter.Just then I heard a screaming （尖叫） 48 .A little boy was crying and pointing at me.I was scared.I tried to figure out 49 the boy was saying.Finally I 50 he was saying， “Lollipop （棒棒糖）”.That was the first of many adventures selling candy at the Marlborough Country Barn.I was excited because it was my very first job， but that excitement quickly 51 .My days were filled with the screams and cries of little children.
42.A.myself B.herself C.itself D.himself
43.A.take B.bring C.draw D.fix
44.A.tables B.chairs C.hills D.stairs
45.A.after B.until C.so D.then
46.A.shouted B.looked C.smiled D.replied
47.A.surprised B.tired C.scared D.bored
48.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.whisper
49.A.that B.what C.which D.this
50.A.remembered B.repeated
C.realized D.reported
51.A.lost B.mied C.moved D.went
第19篇：初中英语
初中英语—数词
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。
一.基数词
1.基数词就注意以下几点：
（1）几十几的基数词的十位数与个位数之间要用连字符“-”连接。如：
eighty-five 85
twenty-six 26
（2）三位数的基数词须在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间用and连接。如：three hundred and sixty-five 365
two hundred and six 206
（3）基数词的复数形式。当基数词等词前有具体数词或several修饰时，必须用单数。如：
several hundred years ago几百年前
two thousand students两千个学生
2.基数词的特殊用法：
（1）表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”
in the 1990’s 20世纪90年代
in one’s twenties在某人20多岁时
（2）用在习语中。如：
in twos and threes
二.序数词
1.前边的基数词不变。如：2.21st第32nd第
3.thea或an时，则表示“又一；再一”（没有
那只小猴子已经吃了3
三.分数和百分数
1.分数
（1）分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如：
one fifth五分之一
one tenth十分之一
（2）当分子大于1时，分母用序数词的复数。如：
two thirds三分之二
five eighths八分之五
（3）当分子是1时，可以用one也可以用a。如：
a second = one second
a third = one third
（4）当分母是2和4时，分别可以用half和quarter代替。如：
a half二分之一
three quarters四分之三
2.百分数
百分数用percent表示。如：
forty percent百分之四十
three percent百分之三
3.分数、百分数与主谓一致
分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、
我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。
我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。
地球上三分之二的水是海水。
四.倍数的表示法
1.表示“几倍大小（长短；数量）”，由“倍数（）”
2.表示“……比……”++ than +被比较部分”结构组成。如：
3.表示是”+ as +被比较部分”结构组成。如：
练习※答案
() 1.Lincoln was born on ________.
A.February 12, 1809B.1809, February 12C.1809, 12 FebruaryD.February 1809,12
() 2.A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.
A.ten-year-oldB.ten years oldC.ten-year-oldD.fifth years old
() 3.An hour later, _____ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men.
A.twoB.the secondC.the twoD.second
() 4.Abraham Lincoln was _______ President of the United States.
A.16B.the 16C.16thD.the 16th
() 5.Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?
A.twoB.the twoC.secondD.the second
() 6.How many students are there in your cla?
________.
A.Twenty nineB.Thirty and two() 7.Which number is wrong? _______.
A.NinetyB.NinteenC.Ninth(A.on August 1, 1927() 9.The number 4,123 is read _______.
A.four thousand one hundred and B.thousand one hundred twenty-three
C.four a and thousands a hundred and twenty-three
(D.in the sixty
(D.as big three times as
((A.fifty twoD.the fifty-fourth car
(B.He is at the age of 15.
(A.nine hundreds ofB.nine hundredC.nine hundredsD.nine hundred of
() 16.How many new words are there in ________ leon?
There are only _________.
A.five; fifthB.fifth; fiveC.the fifth; the fiveD.the fifth; five
() 17.________, Coca-Cola began to enter China\'s market.
A.In 1970\'sB.In 1970sC.In the 1970s\'D.In the 1970s
() 18.There was no bus in that small town.We had a ________.
A.ten miles walkB.ten-mile walkC.ten mile\'s walkD.tenth mile walk
() 19.Today is the first day and ________.
A.Tuesday is fourthB.Thursday is the fourthC.second is Tuesday D.a second is Thursday
() 20.Which room do you live in? ________.
A.The 201 RoomB.Room 201C.Room 201stD.The 201\'s Room
() 21.How many magazines do you have? I have ________.
A.twoB.bothC.twiceD.the second
() 22.Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means ________.
A.3,170B.3,117C.300,170D.30,170
() 23.On May ________, ________ people traveled round the country.
A.the first, millionsB.the first, millions ofC.first, the millionthD.first, millions
() 24.________ of them are dining at school.
A.TwelveB.TwelfthC.The twelveD.the 12th
() 25.It\'s 7:17 is read ________.
A.seven and seventeenB.seven seven() 26.Four ________ two is two.
A.plusB.minusC.times() 27.Three ________ five is eight.
A.plusB.minusC.times(A.plusB.minusC.times() 29.Forty-two ________ seven is six.
A.plus((((A.the ninethD.ninth
(A.thirdB.threeD.the three
(A.The twelveB.The twelvethC.The twelfethD.The twelfth
() 36.We have known each other for ________.
A.a year and halfB.a year with halfC.a year and a halfD.a year with a half
() 37.“What year is it?”
“It\'s ________.”
A.nineteen hundred and ninety-sevenB.nineteen and ninety-seven
C.nineteen ninety and sevenD.nineteen ninety-seven
() 38.“What\'s the date today?”
“It\'s _________.”
A.TuesdayB.June FourthC.June the fourD.June the fourth
() 39.The train from Shanghai will arrive ________.
A.in quarter past sixB.in a quarter past sixC.at quarter past sixD.at a quarter past six
() 40.My friend was born on _________.
A.three of July, 1979B.the third of July,1979
C.1979, July the thirdD.1979, the third of July
() 41.________ is le than ________.
A.One-third; two-thirdsB.One-third; two-third
C.First-three; first-threesD.One-third; one-three
() 42.Which leon did you learn yesterday? ________.
A.Leon SevenB.Leon seventhC.The 7 Leon() 43.“What\'s the date today?” “It\'s _______.”
A.the fourth of mayB.the fourth May() 44.334 is read ________.
A.three hundreds and thirty fourC.three hundred and thirty fourth(A.twenty nineB.twenty-nineth(A.seven past thirtyB.half past seven(D.one and half hour
(((D.a two meter
Key:
1.A2.C3.8.A9.A10.B11.C12.D13.D14.
D15.B16.B21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.
B27.A28.C29.D32.A33.B34.C35.D36.C37.D38.
D39.D40.B41.A44.D45.C46.B47.B48.B49.B50.A
第20篇：初中英语
一、概说
连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等；从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)，引出名词性从句的连词如that, whether等，引出状语从句的连词如when, because, since, if 等。
二、并列连词的用法
1.表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet 等。如：
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don\'t remember who.
有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn\'t help us.
他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。
2.表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for, so 等。如：
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelene, for it often leads to serious errors.
你们一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。
注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。
3.表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 and , or , either„or , neither„nor , not only„but (also) , both„and , as well as 等。如：
He didn\'t go and she didn\'t go either.他没去，她也没去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。 Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
It is important for you as well as for me.这对你和对我都很重要。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.
年龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。
三、从属连词的用法
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1) 表示“当„时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如： Don\'t talk while you\'re eating.吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving.我正要走时他来了。
(2) 表示“在„„之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如：
Try to finish your work before you leave.离开前设法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the gra.喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如：
She\'s been playing tennis since she was eight.她从八岁起就打网球了。
Hold on until I fetch help.坚持一下，等我找人来帮忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.(谚)不要无事惹事。
(4) 表示“一„„就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner„than, hardly„when等。如： I\'ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.我一接她的信就通知你。
The moment I have finished I\'ll give you a call.我一干完就给你打电话。
I came immediately I heard the news.我一听到这个消息，马上就来了。
Once you begin you must continue.你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如： I\'ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。 We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands.
每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。
You can call me any time you want to.你随时都可以给我打电话。
注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以
省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unle, as [so] long as, in case 等。如： Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不介意吧?
Don\'t come unle I telephone.除非我打电话，否则你别来。
As long as you\'re happy, it doesn\'t matter what you do.只要你高兴，你做什么都没关系。 In case it rains they will stay at home.万一下雨，他们就呆在家里。
注意：在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。
不过，有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如：
If you will sit down for a few moments, I\'ll tell the manager you\'re here.
请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来了。
3.引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如： He raised his voice so that everyone could hear.他提高了嗓音，以便每个人都能听见。 Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains.带上雨伞，以防下雨。
She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand.
她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。
4.引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有so that, so„that, such„that等。如：
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat.我去听演讲去得很早, 所以找个好座位。 I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over.
我摔了许多跤，以致于全身都是青一块紫一块的。
He shut the window with such force that the gla broke.
他关窗子用力很大, 结果玻璃震破了。
5.引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如：
He distrusted me because I was new.他不信任我，因为我是新来的。
As you are sorry, I\'ll forgive you.既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。
Since we\'ve no money, we can\'t buy it.由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。
Seeing that he\'s ill he\'s unlikely to come.因为他病了，他大概不会来了。
Now that she has apologized, I am content.既然她已经道了歉, 我也就满意了。
6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。如：
Although they are twins, they look entirely different.他们虽是孪生, 但是相貌却完全不同。 I like her even though she can be annoying.尽管她有时很恼人, 但我还是喜欢她。 You won\'t move that stone, however strong you are.
不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头。
Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support.
我们取得的一切成就都归功于你们的支持。
Whoever you are, you can\'t pa this way.不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。
Whenever I see him I speak to him.每当我见到他，我都和他讲话。
7.引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as, as if, as though, the way等。如：
Why didn\'t you catch the last bus as I told you to? 你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢? He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber.
他将铁棍折弯，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do.没有人像我这样爱你。
8.引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。如： The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.
这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。
I\'ll take you anywhere you like.
你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。
Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.
不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。
9.引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和as„as。如：
She was now happier than she had ever been.现在她比过去任何时候都快活。
I glanced at my watch.It was earlier than I thought.我看了看表，时间比我想像的早。 He doesn\'t work as hard as she does.他工作不像她那样努力。
10.引起名词从句的从属连词。主要有that, whether, if 等，它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that 不仅没不充当句子成分，而且没有词义，在句子中只起连接作用；而 if, whether 虽不充当句子成分，但有词义，即表示“是否”。如： He replied that he was going by train.他回答说他将坐火车去。
I wonder if it\'s large enough.我不知道它是否够大。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我为是否伤了她的感情而担心。
