九年级英语新目标Unit5复习教案
学科:英语 课 型:复习年级:九年级 主备人:袁红亮 审核: 张彩霞
课题:Unit 5 It must belong to Carla
学习目标: 1 学会进行推断
2 正确运用情态动词must might could cannot进行推理和判断
3 教育学生外出野炊时要增强环保意识。通过学习,感受语言的魅力。
自学质疑: [重点词组] 1.belong to 2.hair band 3.because of 4.no more 不再 5.use up
用光、用完 6.claical music古典音乐 7.escape from 逃离
8.be careful of 留神.当心 9 .play a joke on sb [交际用语] 1 It must be Carla's.She loves volleyball.
2 It could be Ali's.She studies French.
3 If you have any idea where it might be, please call me. 4.My parents called the police, but they can't find anything strange. 5.The person can't be a boy. 6.It must belong to Alice. 点拨解疑: 语法知识:表示推测的情态动词。
在英语中,表示对某件事物的确定程度,即表示推测的时候,我们通常会用到以下情态动词:must, might, could, may, can't, couldn't.
一.can和could的区别和用法
1.can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力"。 例如: Can you speak English? What can I do for you? can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"猜测"或 "不肯定"。 例如: Where can he be?
Can the news be true? (在日常会话中,can可代替may表示"允许",may比较正式)
2.could 是 can的过去式,表示过去有过的能力和可能性,还有怀疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑问句中)。 例如: She couldn't skate when she was five years old.(能力) At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)
could用来提问,是有礼貌的请求 Could..., please? 语气较为婉转。 例如
Could I speak to Mr.Smith, please?
Could you help us carry this box, please?
二.跟上组词一样, might也是may的过去式,其用法如下: 1.may的用法:
a.表示"允许"或"请求"。例May I come in?
在使用这一用法时需注意: may表示"允许"的否定形式是must not,意思是"不应该""不许可"。
例如:-May I take this book out of the reading-room? -No,you mustn't.不行。
b.表示说话人的猜测,认为某一事情"或许"或"可能"发生。 例如: He may know the answer.
Tomorrow I may go shopping.
2.might的用法:
a.might可以代替may,表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。 例如: He might not come today.
Might I take a suggestion?
b.might用来表示现在时间时,还可表示"规劝"。 例如: You might pay more attention to spoken English.
三.must与have to的区别
have to比较强调客观需要,must着重说明主观看法。另外have to能用于更多时态,比较下面的句子:
We had to be there at ten.我们得在十点钟到那里。
有时两者都可以用,意思差别不大。
must在表示说话人对事物的推测时候要注意它比may肯定得多,相当于汉语的"一定"或"准是"。(只有在肯定句中能这样用。)
This must be your room.
There must be a mistake.
在回答由must引起的问题时,如果是否定
不能用mustn't,而需要用needn't或don't have to,因为mustn't是"一定不要"的意思。
例如:-Must we hand in our exercises today? -No,you needn't.
must not的否定形式则表示"不应该"或"不许可",语气比较强烈。
课堂练习:
一、单项选择
1.--- Can you swim in the river? --- No, I _____.
A.mustn't B.may not C.can't D.needn't 2.--- May I go swimming now? No, you _________.You may have a rest first.
A.mustn't B.can't C.may not D.needn't
6.--- Tom, where is your father?- I'm not sure.He_______ in his office.
A.is B.may be C.maybe D.may
7.---______________I visit Lucy on Sunday, Mum? ---Yes, you______________.
A.Must;can B.May;may C.Need;need D.May;need
8.--- Where is Tom? --- He hasn't come to school today.I think he________ be ill.
A.has to B.should C.may D.need
9.--- Need I go there with you? --- Yes, you _____.
A.need B.may C.must D.can
10.This book _____ Lucy's.Look! Her name is on the book cover.
A.must be B.may be C.can't be D.mustn't be
二、填空
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
(1) --- Why isn't Jim here?
--- He's busy.He ___________(take) care of his aunt's baby at home now.
(2) --- What's Mr.Clarke going to do tomorrow?
--- He'll go fishing if it__________(not rain).
(3) Linda_____________ (make) a lot of friends since she came here last autumn.
(4) --- Did Jack finish__________ (clean) the house this morning?
--- Yes, he did.
(5) --- Have you heard of the Great Wall, Mr.Read?
--- Yes, I have.It's a place of great interest in China.
It ___________(build) thousands of years ago.
三、选择最佳答语补全对话
Mi Wu : Can I help you? Li Gang : Yes, I'd like to return this book, please. Mi Wu : (1). Li Gang : No, I couldn't read it.I had a hard time reading a few pages, and
then I decided to give up. Mi Wu : (2). Li Gang : It wasn't the language.It was the words.They are too small for me. Mi Wu : (3).What can I do for you then?
Li Gang : Well, I'd be glad if you could find me another book. Mi Wu : (4). Li Gang : Yes, but one with bigger words. Mi Wu : (5). Li Gang : Oh, Oliver Twist.This one is fine.And the words are much bigger.
Thank you very much. Mi Wu : You're welcome. A.What about this one? B.You can't keep the book for long.
C.Another English storybook? D.Isn't it interesting? E.Oh? But I know you are good at English. F.Did you enjoy the book? G.Yes, they are really small.
1、must表示推断
现在时 must+现在式：He must live here．他一定是住在这里。 或must+进行式：He must be living here．他一定是住在这里。 过去时must+完成式：He must have lived here．他一定在这里住过。
或 must+ 完成进行式：He must have been living here．他当时一定住在这里的。 注意
must不能用于表示否定的推断，一般也不用于疑问式，除非是对含有must的推断句提问： —There is a lot of noise from upstairs．It must be Tom． —Why must it be Tom？Other people use that flat． —楼上喧闹的声音很大。一定是汤姆弄的。 —为什么一定是汤姆呢？那套房子里也有别人。
2、must与may／might的比较 它们之间的差别最好通过实例来了解：
（a）设想一个钥匙环上有三把钥匙，而且知道其中一把钥匙是开地下室的门的。可能选出一把钥匙说： This may／might be the key． 可能就是这一把钥匙。（也许这是那把钥匙。） 但一连试了两把钥匙都没打开锁，就会拿起第三把钥匙说： This must be the key．一定是这把钥匙。（不存在别的选择了。）
（b）—I wonder why Tom hasn't answered my letter．—He may／might be ill． —我不知道汤姆为什么没给我回信。
—他可能生病了。（但也存在其他可能性：说不定他出门了，或者事情太忙无暇写信。）
但假设比尔从来没有人来访问他。如果急救车停在他门口，邻居们会说Bill must be ill（比尔一定得了病了）。这是对于急救车来到他家一事可能做出的唯一解释。
（c）同样，在谈到过去的动作时： He may have come by train．
他也许是乘火车来的。（但也存在别的可能：他可能是乘出租汽车或公共汽车来的。）
但He must have come by taxi（他一定是乘出租汽车来的）意指他没有其他选择，不存在用其他办法进行这种旅行的可能。
3、have／had表示推断 have／had主要是用在与to be连用时：
—There's a tall gray bird fishing in the river．—河里有一个大个的灰鸟在捕鱼 —It has to be／must be a heron．。—那一定是一只苍鹭。
had＋to be可表示说话人对过去可能发生的事认为是肯定无疑的：
There was a knock on the door．It had to be Tom．有人敲门。肯定是汤姆。（他肯定是汤姆。） had＋to be也可用来代替 must+完成式：—I wonder who took the money．—我不知道谁把这钱拿去了。 —It had to be Tom．／It must have been Tom．He's the only one who wasthere． —肯定是汤姆。当时只有他在那里。但为了避免混淆，建议学生们还是尽量用must的各种形式
情态动词
情态动词是表示情态意义的动词, 它表示说话人的语气和情态,它不能单独作谓语,必须与 实义动词一起构成谓语,情态动词没有人称和数的变化.如: He can swim in the river .他能在河里游泳.I can swim in the river .我能在河里游泳.They cane swim in the river .他们能在河里游泳.英语中常见的情态动词有: can ( could ) , may ( might ), must , shall ( should ) ,will ( would ) , need , dare , ought to 下面分别介绍这些情态动词的用法.( 一) 情态动词的基本用法
1)can ( could ) 表示能力 , 这时could 为can 的过去时; 能够 ( 可能), 这时could 不是can 的过去时, 它表示比can 的可能性更小或语气更委婉。例如： She can sing an English song .(他能唱英文歌。） Can (Could) you come here at six ? (你能六点中来这儿吗？）
2) may ( might ) 可以 （ 表示许可，might 表示更委婉）；may 的否定式谓：can't （不该）或mustn't (不许） 例如：----May I come into the room to see Mr Green ?
---- No, you can't.( mustn't ) He needs to have a good rest . ---- 我可以进来看看格林先生吗？
----- 不，你不要进来。它需要很好地休息。
3）must 必须 ;否定式 mustn't ,意思为：一定不要 ；回答 must 提问时，否定用needn't , 如：
----- Must I start at once ? 我必须立即开始吗？
----- No , you needn't .不，不必。
4）shall ( should ) 应该（ 表示劝告，建议） 一般用于第二或第三人称。 例如：
You should keep your promise .你应该遵守诺言。
Shall he come to see you ? 它必须来看你吗？
You shall get the answer right this afternoon .你应该在今天下午得到答案。
5）will ( would ) 愿意 （ 表示意愿， 愿望）；惯于、总是 （表示习惯性、经常性）；必须 （ 表示命令） 例如： We will fight on until the end of the enemy .(我们一定要战斗到敌人的末日。
He will sit for hours reading 他看书常常一坐就是几个小时。 You will do as I say at once .你马上按照我的话去做。
He would sit for hours ,deeply thinking .他过去常常一坐好几个小时沉思着。 6) need 需要 ； 一般用于疑问句和否定句。needn't 不必，不需要。如 ：
You needn't show your paport at the entrance unle the guard asks you for it. 在门口你没有必要出示通行证除非门卫与你要。
----Shall I tell Jack about it?
我告诉杰克那件事好吗？
----No, you needn't.I've told him already.不，你没有必要。我已经告诉他了。
----Need I come?
我有必要来吗？
----No,you needn't.(Yes,you must )
不，你没有必要。（是的，你必须。) 7) dare 敢 ； 用于否定句、疑问句 和条件状语从句。
We dare not refuse their request.我们不敢拒绝他们的要求。
Dare you walk through the forest at night? 你敢夜间穿过森林吗？
If the enemy dare ener the village,we'll fight against them to the end.
如果敌人敢进入村子，我们将和他们战斗到底。
8)ought to 应该 。 （表示“道义”上的责任） I ought to go home.我应该 回家。
9）used to
表示现在已经不再有的过去的习惯性行为。如：
She used not to cry so often , did he ? Used to 和would 都可以表示过去的习惯性行为，但有区别：used to 陈述的是事实，还有“现在已经不再如此”的内在含义，且用于口语；而would 则陈述的是说话着的主观看法，”还反复多次“的含义，且多用于外呢学语言。试对比：
She used to make mistakes in spelling when young .
他年轻时常常犯拼写错误。
She would make mistakes in spelling when others hurried her . 有人催时她就会犯拼写错误。
（二） 情态动词表示推测
对目前状态的推断以及 对目前正在发生的动作的推断
1）肯定的推断：may ， should ， must 2) 否定的推断：can't ， couldn't 3) 疑问的推断：can ( could ) 例句: It may be Mary .那可能是玛丽.
They should be at home by now , I think .我想他们现在该到家了。
There must be a mistake .一定有错误。
It can't be Mr Li .He has gone home .那不可能是李先生。他已经回家了。
Where could ( can )he be now ? 他现在可能会在哪呢？
Can the news be true ? 消息会是真的吗？
They must be playing basketball on the playground .他们一定正在操场打篮球。
He can't be writing his composition .他不可能在写作文。
对某个状态或 过去发生的事情进行推测
在情态动词后加上 have done 例如：
1）肯定的推断：may have done , must have done
2) 否定的推断：can't have done ， couldn't have done
3) 疑问的推断：can ( could ) have done
例句： They may have settled the problem .( 他们可能已经解决了这个问题。）
I might have come to a wrong conclusion .( 我可能得出了一个错误的结论。） The road idn't wet , It can't have rained last night .
(路面没湿，昨天夜里肯定每下雨。 ）
Could Mary have mied the first bus ? She got up very early . ( 怎么玛丽会赶不上车吗？他起得很早的。）
（三） 几个应注意的问题
1）情态动词+have done 可以表示对过去所发生事情的一种责备语气。如：
I could have done the work better .（我本来可以做得更好。自责自己没有把事情做好，感到惋惜、遗憾） You should have thought of that .(你本应当想到这一点。责怪你没有想到。should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的事情。）
You shouldn't have told them that .(你本不应当告诉他们那件事。shouldn't have done表示本不应该做而做了的事情。）
You needn't have told them that .(你本不必告诉他们那件事。needn't have done表示本不必做而做了的事情。）
2）情态动词dare 和 need 还可以用作实义动词。在肯定句中多用于实义动词，在疑问句和否定句中多用情态动词，用于实义动词时有人称和数的变化。例如：
He needn't worry about us now .( 他不必为我们担心。 need 为情态动词）
She dares to stay at home alone at night .( 夜里她敢独自一人呆在家里。dares 为实义动词。) 练习
I.指出下列各句中的情态动词并说出词义 1.I can even write a little Chinese now .2.May we ask you some questions now , Mr White ? 3.You're quite right , boy .We must stop the train.4.But who would send their children to an unknown young woman ? 5.I will not listen to any excuse.
6.Shall I return these books to the library ? 7.How dare you say I'm unfair ? 8."You needn't climb the tree , " his mother said. 9.The news may be true, of course .10----- Can it be Susan ?
----- No , it can't be Susan.She has gone to London.11.It's ten o'clock .I think she may have gone to bed .答案：
1.can 能力 2.may 请求 3.must 必须 4.would愿意 5.will 愿意 6.shall征求 7.dare 敢8.need 必要 9.may 可能（表推测） 10.can （可能，表推测 ）, can't（ 不可能，表推测） 11 .may 可能（表对过去事情
的推测）
II.用情态动词填空
1.----- _____ you explain the sentence again ? ---- OK.I will .2.You _____ hand in your exercise book in at once .You may hand it in on Wednesday.3.Mary _____ play the piano well when she was quite young.4.------____ I clean the claroom before three o'clock ? ------ No, you needn't.5.It ____ rain tomorrow .
6.____ you please show us some photos ?
7.The soldier shot his comrades .He _____ have been mad . 8.The tree is dead .He ________have given it more water .9.They _____ be writing their compositions in the claroom now .I saw them in the claroom . 10.______ he have finished the work ? I don't think so .答案：
1.Will 2.needn't 3.could 4.Must 5.may 6.Will 7.must 8.should 9.must 10.Can III.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1． Where can he ______ ( be ) now ? There’s something important to tell him at once . 2． He can’t ________ ( hear ) us because there was terrible noise from the street .
3． What he is saying may not _________ ( be ) true .I don’t think she is such a kind of woman . 4． “ What do you think that noise was ? “ “ It might _______ ( be ) a cat .”
5． There must ________ ( be ) something wrong with my computer .Can you help me to fix it ? 6． The girl must _______ ( leave ) for town .We don’t see her anywhere on the farm . 7． She ought to ________ ( have ) his addre .She was his girl friend at university .8． Haven’t you got the tickets ? You oughtn’t to ________ ( have ) any difficulties in getting them . 9． That will ________ ( be ) the postman .He usually comes at this hour . 10． Sorry to be so late .you will _____ ( wait ) for some time .
11． It should _____ ( be ) somebody else .Jane never stays in the lab so late . 12． She should _______ ( receive ) the package .I sent it five days ago .
答案：
1.be 2.have heard 3.be 4.have been 5.be 6.have left 7.have 8.have had 9.be 10.have waited 11.be 12 .have received
一、单项选择
1.--- Can you swim in the river? --- No, I _____.
A.mustn't B.may not C.can't D.needn't 2.--- May I go swimming now? No, you _________.You may have a rest first.
A.mustn't B.can't C.may not D.needn't
6.--- Tom, where is your father?- I'm not sure.He_______ in his office.
A.is B.may be C.maybe D.may
7.---______________I visit Lucy on Sunday, Mum? ---Yes, you______________.
A.Must;can B.May;may C.Need;need D.May;need
8.--- Where is Tom? --- He hasn't come to school today.I think he________ be ill.
A.has to B.should C.may D.need
9.--- Need I go there with you? --- Yes, you _____.
A.need B.may C.must D.can
10.This book _____ Lucy's.Look! Her name is on the book cover.
A.must be B.may be C.can't be D.mustn't be
二、填空
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
(1) --- Why isn't Jim here?
--- He's busy.He ___________(take) care of his aunt's baby at home now.
(2) --- What's Mr.Clarke going to do tomorrow?
--- He'll go fishing if it__________(not rain).
(3) Linda_____________ (make) a lot of friends since she came here last autumn.
(4) --- Did Jack finish__________ (clean) the house this morning?
--- Yes, he did.
(5) --- Have you heard of the Great Wall, Mr.Read?
--- Yes, I have.It's a place of great interest in China.
It ___________(build) thousands of years ago.
三、选择最佳答语补全对话
Mi Wu : Can I help you? Li Gang : Yes, I'd like to return this book, please. Mi Wu : (1). Li Gang : No, I couldn't read it.I had a hard time reading a few pages, and
then I decided to give up.
Mi Wu : (2). Li Gang : It wasn't the language.It was the words.They are too small for me. Mi Wu : (3).What can I do for you then?
Li Gang : Well, I'd be glad if you could find me another book.
Mi Wu : (4). Li Gang : Yes, but one with bigger words.
Mi Wu : (5). Li Gang : Oh, Oliver Twist.This one is fine.And the words are much bigger.
Thank you very much.
Mi Wu : You're welcome. A.What about this one?
B.You can't keep the book for long. C.Another English storybook?
D.Isn't it interesting? E.Oh? But I know you are good at English. F.Did you enjoy the book? G.Yes, they are really small.II.用情态动词填空
1.----- _____ you explain the sentence again ?
---- OK.I will .2.You _____ hand in your exercise book in at once .You may hand it in on Wednesday.3.Mary _____ play the piano well when she was quite young.4.------____ I clean the claroom before three o'clock ? ------ No, you needn't.5.It ____ rain tomorrow .
6.____ you please show us some photos ? 7.The soldier shot his comrades .He _____ have been mad . 8.The tree is dead .He ________have given it more water .9.They _____ be writing their compositions in the claroom now .I saw them in the claroom . 10.______ he have finished the work ? I don't think so . III.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1． Where can he ______ ( be ) now ? There’s something important to tell him at once . 2． He can’t ________ ( hear ) us because there was terrible noise from the street .
3． What he is saying may not _________ ( be ) true .I don’t think she is such a kind of woman . 4． “ What do you think that noise was ? “ “ It might _______ ( be ) a cat .”
5． There must ________ ( be ) something wrong with my computer .Can you help me to fix it ? 6． The girl must _______ ( leave ) for town .We don’t see her anywhere on the farm . 7． She ought to ________ ( have ) his addre .She was his girl friend at university .8． Haven’t you got the tickets ? You oughtn’t to ________ ( have ) any difficulties in getting them . 9． That will ________ ( be ) the postman .He usually comes at this hour . 10． Sorry to be so late .you will _____ ( wait ) for some time .
11． It should _____ ( be ) somebody else .Jane never stays in the lab so late . 12． She should _______ ( receive ) the package .I sent it five days ago .
