一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
（1）The boys who are playing football are from Cla One. （2）Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
（1）Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
（2）The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
（1） Football is a game which is liked by most boys.( which 在句子中做主语)
（2） This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.( which 在句子中做宾语)
4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
（1）The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主语)
（2）Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
（1）he has a friend whose father is a doctor.
（2）I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
（3）the claroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
（4）the claroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
（5）do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
（6）do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
二、关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
（1）the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
（2）the school in which he once studied is very famous.
（3）tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
（4）tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
（5）we\'ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. （6）we\'ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：
1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
(1) （1） this is the watch which/that i am looking for.(turth)
（2） this is the watch for which i am looking.(false) 2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；
（1） the man with whom you talked is my friend.(t) （2） the man who/that you talked with is my friend.(f)
（3） the plane in which we flew to canada is very comfortable.(t)
（4） the plane in that we flew in to canada is very comfortable.(f)
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
（1） he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
（2） in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
（3） there are forty students in our cla in all, most of whom are from big cities.
解答\"介词+关系代词 \"类型的定语从句题时，关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。这就需要同学们在平时学习时要注重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形，并要灵活运用。例如：
In the dark street, there wasn\'t a single person ________ she could turn for help. A.that B.who
C.from whom D.to whom
简析:本题定语从句中的turn 与介词 to 构成固定短语\"turn to sb.for help (向某人求助）\"。
定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住：
1.what不能引导定语从句. 2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。
一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析：
（1）The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist. （2） Mi Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing.（3）The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster.（The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.） 注：
A． 指人时有时只用who不宜用that。 1．先行词为one、ones或anyone （1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard. （2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 2．先行词为these时
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school. 3．在there be 开头的句子中 There is a student who wants to see you. 4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards. 5．在非限制性定语从句中
A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan. B．主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二．指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that.试分析： 1.I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun. 2.The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good. 3.This is the house in which we lived last year.(= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.) 4.I live in the room whose windows face south.(= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.) 注：
A.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、which不能用who或that. (1).The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor. (2).The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming. B.部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。
Is this the book which she is looking for? The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Profeor Li. The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son. C． 指物时，下列情况下只能用that ，不宜用which。
（1）先行词为不定代词，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。
We are willing to do anything that is good to the people. I have told them all (that) I know. All that can be done has been done. （2）先行词是序数词或被序数词、修饰时。
The first book that I read last night was an English novel. （3）先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen. This is the best that can be done now. （4）如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时(先行词既有人又有物)，定语从句的关系代词用which和who都不合适，只能用that。
We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about. There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill. （5）如果先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、few、little、no、all、one of、just修饰时。
This is the only book that can be lent to you. （6）当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时，关系代词只用that。 注意：1.不用that的情况
(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
(b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2.只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
(a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
(b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
(c) 先行词有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that。
(d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.
(e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。
(f) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时．
(g) 为了避免重复．
(h)先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略
Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ? D．只物时，下列情况下只能用which，不宜用that。
（1）关系代词放在介词之后
This is the factory in which we once worked. （2）非限制性定语从句中
This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun. （3）that，Those作主语时
Those which are on the desk are English books. E．先行词前有such、the same、as时, 关系代词用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同样的, the same…that…表示同一的
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
what不能引导定语从句
【典型例题解析】
例 1 The second book ______I want to read is Busine @ the Speed of Thought.A.which B.what C.that D.as 解析 先行词 book被序数词修饰时要用that引导定语从句，故选C。 例 2 I\'ll never forget the days _____I stayed with you.A.when B.in which C.that D.for which 解析 本题指时间，故选 A。
例 3 The book______ is sold out at the moment.A.you need B.what you need
C.which you need it D.that you need it
解析 B、C、D中的what和it与先行The book相抵触 ， 故选 A。 例 4 Is this the place ______Lincoln once lived.A.that B.which C.where D.when 解析 本题指地点，故选 C。
例 5 I\'m one of the boys _________ never late for school.A.that is B.who are C.who am D.who is
解析 本题中 who用作主语，谓语动词与先行词the boys保持一致，故选B。 【选讲例题】
例 6 Her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.A.whom B.that C.which D.who is
解析 非限制性定语从句中 ， 关系代词用 which,不用that,但指人时用who或whom.故选A。 例 7 These book are for students _____ mother language is not English.A.of whom B.that C.which D.whose
解析 whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语，故选D。
三、单项选择
(
)
1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.
A.who
B.which
C.whom
D.whose (
)
2. I like the house_____ windows face south.
A.whose
B.who’s
C.it\'s
D.its (
)
3 He was the only person in his office______ was invited.
A.whom
B.whose
C.that
D.which (
)
4.This is the museum______ we visited last year.
A.where
B.in which
C.which
D.in that (
) 5.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that
B.what
C.which
D.who
6.—Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
—I’m not sure.Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people?
A.where
B.what
C.that
D.when
7.—What kind of movies do you like? —I like movies _______ scary monsters.
A.which has
B.that have
C.what has
D.why have
8.Do you know the man ______ is talking to Mi Wu?
A.he
B.whom
C.who
D.which
9.—Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? —The man _______ T-shirt is red.
A.that
B.who
C.which
D.whose
10.—Do you know the girl _______ is talking with our teacher?
—Oh, she’s my sister.
A.who
B.whose
C.whom
D.where
11.People ______ overweight need more water than thin people.
A.who is
B.which are
C.that is
D.who are
12.Sorry, we dont have the coat ________ you need.
A.what B.who C.whom D.which
13.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.
A.which B.what C.whose D.whom
14.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy?
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
15.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting.
A./ B.why C.when D.what
状语从句专练 Ⅰ.选择填空：
1.The man can’t get on the bus because there ________ no room on it.
A.was
B.is
C.are
D.were 2.I was listening to the music ________ there was a knock at the door.A.while
B.when
C.because
D.until 3.I don’t know if he ________ tomorrow, if he _________ ,I’ll meet him.A.will come, comes
B.comes, comes C.will come, will come
D.come, will come
4 The teacher understands that ________ Maths had always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. since
B.unle
C.though
D.when 5.________ I read, the more I understand. A.The more
B.So much
C.How much
D.For all 6.Would you give Johnny this letter if you ________ to see him this week. A.will happen
B.happen
C.are happened
D.happened 7.She was busy, ________ she couldn’t go to your birthday party last night. A.and
B.so
C.or
D.but 8.English is ________ a useful language ________ it is spoken in many countries of the world.
A.so…that
B.such…that
C.so…because
D.such…because 9.You will succeed if you ________ harder. A.will work
B.won’t work
C.work
D.don’t work 10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.A.since
B.for
C.because
D.so that 11.His brother has worked there ________ he left school.when
B.after
C.since
D.until 12.The boy didn’t stop talking ________ the second bell rang.when
B.until
C.after
D.because 13.He ran as fast as poible ________ he could reach school on time.in order to B.so as to
C.when
D.so that 初中宾语从句练习题
1.I don\'t know _________ he will come tomorrow._________ he comes, I\'ll tell you． A.if; Whether
B.whether; Whether
C.if; That
D.if; If 2.Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A.what
B.how
C.whether
D.where 3.Do you know where _________ now? A.he lives
B.does he live
C.he lived
D.did he live 4.Do you know what time _________? A.the train leave
B.does the train leave
C.will the train leave
D.the train leaves 5.She wanted to know ______her mother liked the present.
A which B that C.if D.what 6.Do you know ________has been selected to attend(参加) the meeting? A． who B.how C.why D.that 7.know ____ he doesn’t want to take part in the project. A.who B.what C.that
D.whose 8.She doesn’t know ______to stay or not. A.whether B.if C.why D.what 9.The teacher told me that light _______ faster than sound.A.traveled B.is traveling
C.had traveled
D.travels 10.I will find out _________. A.why is he late B.why isn’t he late C.why late he is D.why he is late
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children\'s Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which
2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which
5.That is the day ______I\'ll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when
6.The factory ______we\'ll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which
7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there
8.This is one of the best films _______. A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that
12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom
13.It there anyone in your cla ______family is in the country? A.who B.who\'s C.which D.whose
14.I\'m interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn\'t such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don\'t like ______ as you read. A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who 23.You\'re the only person ______I\'ve ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./; whom C.whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, ______I can\'t remember now. A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the WestLake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when; which B.which; when C.what; that D.on which; when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn\'t come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn\'t come was ______he was ill.A.why; that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pa the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use. A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which
38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as
39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose
40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though
41.--- Did you ask the guard _______ happened? --- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew. A.what; that B.what; what C.which; which D.that; that
42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A.when; who B.that; which C.which; that D.when; which
43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns; are B.owns; is C.own; is D.own; are
44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it
46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which; what B.through which; what C.through that; what D.what; that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who
49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well. A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up. A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been
答案及解析 for 初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 参考答案及解析
1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
2．C.\"和谁讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
6．C.解析同第5题。
7.A.解析见第3题。
8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。
9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 10.A.with which是\"介词+关系代词\"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有\"用\"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在从句中作状语.
12.D.with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.
14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.
15.D.the same„„..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语. 16.D.such„„„ as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语. 18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming. 19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such„as或the same„as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a„„..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词. 20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that. 21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语. 22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. 23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略. 24.A.whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25.A.for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语be famous for \"以„„..而闻名\". 26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语. 27.A.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句. 28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。
29.D.for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30.B.which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句. 31.A.The reason why„ was that„.已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。 32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题. 34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句. 35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such„as或the same„as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后
的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语. 36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.
38.D.解析见35题. 39.A.he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句. 41.A.what happened是宾语从句.all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that. 42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句. 43.C.本句话的定语从句是who own cars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“„..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。 44.D.that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。 45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。
46.B.through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。 47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。 48.A.解释见35题。
49.C.因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。
50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
