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英语应用文写作教案模板(精选多篇)

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推荐第1篇:英语应用文写作教案

教 案(章节备课) 篇2:英语应用文写作课程教学大纲

《英语应用文写作》课程教学大纲

一、课程基本情况

二.课程性质与任务

英语应用文写作的课程性质拟定标准为教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》,即高等学校非英语专业本科生经过大学阶段的英语学习与实践应当达到一定的标准,该标准分为一般要求,较高要求和更高要求等三个层次的英语能力要求。结合我校学生的实际情况,经过一年(或一年半)的基础英语课程学习后,传媒和体育学院学生应达到《要求》的一般要求,一级班达到较高要求,达到更高要求。

因此,英语应用文写作课程在高等学校非英语专业培养目标中具有重要的地位。本课程教学任务是为达到《大学英语课程教学要求》正式版相关规定的“较高要求”而打下扎实的语言基础。通过实施过程式教学法使学生掌握应用文的写作方法,真正提高他们运用英语的能力。另一方面,课堂管理模式采用项目式教学法以培养学生的职业意识及职场所需的职业素质,为今后走入社会做准备。

三.课程主要教学内容及学时分配

四.课程教学基本内容和基本要求

(一)职业意识及职业素质背景下的写作技能提升 1.商务英语相关的词汇、短语、句型学习,进一步扩大学生的写作词汇。 2.掌握商务背景下的应用文写作句型和表达法,加强学习者的语言输入,使学生能在相应的场景下灵活自如的运用相关句型和表达法。 3.以外资公司事务为内容设计以学生为中心的应用文写作活动,采用过程式教学法与项目式教学法交叉的立体教学法,并采用pair work, group discuion, role play, presentation等活动形式,提升学生在真实文化场景中的应用文写作能力。

(二)提高运英语应用文体写作的能力,培养学生职业意识和素质。 1.通过过程式教学法与项目式教学法交叉的立体教学法激发学生的写作的热情,培养和提高学生运用英语进行不同实用的应用文体写作的能力。 2.学生们在完成该课程设置的一个个写作项目时逐渐培养了自己的职业意识和素质:独立工作的能力、团队合作精神等等,为学生走向社会从事工作打下很好的基础,对学生未来职业发展产生积极的影响。

五.课程内容的重点和深广度要求

英语应用文写作注重培养学生在商务背景下正确运用英语有效处理公司事务的能力。

六.课后作业与课外辅导的要求

每2学时一次作业,作业量根据教学内容确定。原则上每次作业数量不少于10;每周至少批改作业和辅导答疑各1次,每次作业至少批改选课人数的二分之一,每次集中答疑时间不少于2学时。

七.教材及主要参考书

教材:

史范隽.商务英语写作100主题.外文出版社, 2008年. 八.学习方法与建议

学生在学习过程中,应该积极跟随教学进度;关注“写作过程”,在写前的准备

内容输入,写中强调学生的课程参与度与学生的互助合作,写后,在学生中建立“学生互评小组”,关注写作反馈,从而提高学生英语应用文写作的兴趣与写作实践的能力。篇3:大学英语应用文写作教学课件 英语应用文写作教学课件(示范)

课程编号:12x5003 教学课件:week 11 review type 1 type 2 memos, agenda & minutes of a meeting type 3 telegrams, telexes review: form announcements: outward to announce changes in the addre/ phone number, or in executive personnel, to announce the establishment of new branches, the change in product prices, etc.inward to cover a wider range of topics.emergent occasions. attention: another place for “ name of the unit” is above the body. notice/note attention: another place for “date” is above the body. review: content rule of relevancy review: language be concise and precise.attention to the integration of formality and emotion of language.study the following instances and consider the use of pronouns and impersonal structures. 1a we are pleased to inform you that on account of rapid increase in the volume of our trade with new york, we have decided to open a new branch at 314 broadway with mr.li xiao-gang in charge. 1b it is a great pleasure to inform you that approved by the board of directors the personnel department has decided to appoint you the secretary of general manager. 2a we are so sorry to inform you that due to the present economic depreion, the board of directors has decided to dismi some employees from their posts, and you are one among them.2b we regret to inform you that we have received no reply to our letter in which we asked for settlement of our account sent to you on june 20. 3a 3b it is hereby proclaimed that the board of directors has decided to appoint ms liu ling secretary of the management. activity 1 directions: read the criteria of “good announcement” listed below.then form pairs and examine your partner’s announcements.point out the problems, if any, to him/her.--- be clear and precise in language; --- provide explanation for unusual or unexpected happenings. activity 2 attention: this is le formal. activity 3 directions: please translate the following announcement into english. reference: type 2 memos, agenda & minutes of a meeting a memorandumor reminding the recipient of something important.it serves as an exchanging of information between departments within a busine or official agency or between agencies for the following purposes: 1) to give information; 2) to request information; 3) to request action; 4) to put forward suggestions the format of a memorandum is diagramed as follows: attention: 1.the element “date” may appear in different places. 2.sometimes “subject” is replaced by “reference”. when it appears in the form of a letter, a memo usually includes --- heading (addreer’s name, addre, phone no., telegram no., telex no., etc.).if this is already inscribed on the top of the stationary, it begins with --- date, --- addreee’s name, title, addre --- subject [1] --- salutation --- body --- signature attention: subject should be centered when it appears below the salutation. sometimes a memo may include information about distribution list, copy notation (c.c.) or even enclosure.the format then is like this: activity 1 directions: read the sample and generalize the features. sample篇4:英语应用文写作教案 part 2 secretarial writing notice of meeting the different forms of notice of meeting and examples: notice of meeting on the blackboard or bulletin board: notice of meeting in memo: notice of meeting of an international symposium writing of minutes of meeting the heading of minutes: board of directors --minutes of meeting held on? the generic structure of minutes: the minutes of meeting include: 1 what the meeting was about(heading) 2 when and where the meeting was held(time & place) 3 who attend the meeting(presiding, present, absent) 4 what happened at the meeting(agenda & activities) the format of minutes of meeting: [layout 1] (转载于:英语应用文写作教案) [layout 2] past tense and paive voice in minutes: past tense and paive voice are often used in minutes, for example: ◆ the minutes of the meeting held on 21 january 1999 were agreed and signed. ◆ the continuing education schemes of study were discued and the following observations were made: ◆ a letter received by alwyn roberts from the welsh funding council was noted. ◆ after some discuions, it was decided that? reported speech in minutes: reported speech is another distinct feature of minutes, it will be used篇5:英语应用文写作课程简介

英语应用文写作

(practical english writing)课程简介

课程编号: 050249 学时[学分]: 32[2] 课程类型:任选课

先修课程:英语应用文写作 适用专业:非英语专业本科实验班、卓越班等

本课程的培养目标为:通过实施过程式教学法使学生掌握应用文的写作方法,真正提高他们运用英语的能力。另一方面,课堂管理模式采用项目式教学法以培养学生的职业意识及职场所需的职业素质,为今后走入社会做准备。本课程在课程设置、教学模式、教学评估等方面的要求体现在以下几个方面:

(1)本课程采用过程式教学法与项目式教学法交叉的立体教学法,旨在激发学生的写作的热情,培养和提高学生应用文体写作的能力。根据学生的实际学习情况,按照求职与应聘、商务交际与事务处理的进程将课程学习分为几大模块,每一大模块又包括若干个子模块。其内容包括:商务英语写作概述; 商务信函结构与格式;人事事务:求职信、个人简历、招聘、申请;商务交际:邀请信、祝贺信、感谢信、道歉信、慰问信、通知与启事;事务处理:电子邮件、备忘录、会议纪要、公司简章、商品使用说明、项目计划书等。

(2)“写作过程”为教学中心的教学法,在整个教学过程强调学生观点的批判性和创新性,在写前、写中课堂讨论中尽量鼓励有新观点的学生发言、阐述自己的观点,在写后对于有新观点的习作,都给予较高评价。为提高学生的课程参与度 ,在学生中建立“学生互评小组”,鼓励学生以读者的眼光审视另一位学生的写作,培养其运用写作基础知识辨别优点和不足的能力。

(3) 英语应用文写作课程不生搬硬套使用一本固定教材,向学生提供阅读清单。教材形式有纸质和多媒体等。引进《作文批改网》教学平台,将学习课堂拓展由教室到网站二维空间。并将批改后的优秀作文连同评语在平台共享,让学生阅读学习,大大提高了习作批改的质量和效率;同时,批改作文时将发生的错误分类,用数据引起学生对作文中存在问题的认识和重视。 (4)在教学评估环节,除传统意义上的期末纸质化测试之外,课程辅之以平时学习进程监控模式、学期口语测试,并加强网络化学习效度监测和控制体系。 总体而言,本课程的主要特色归纳为写作能力培养突显化;学生自主学习网络化、多元化、个性化;学习评价及反馈机制科学、合理、客观化。

推荐第2篇:英语应用文写作

英语应用文写作范文 1.外籍教师lynne任教期满准备回国,学校答应派车送她去机场。她在临行前一天写了张便条提醒办公室李老师: 1).请检查(check on)明天的车是否落实,提醒司机(remind sb.of sth.提醒某人做某事)。

2).她之所以要确定一下,是因为太早不好叫出租车。 3).感谢费心,并感谢一年来的关心。

4).在学校一年来,生活愉快、难忘,很可能再来。 5).留下一些英语书给贵校图书馆,希望对学生有用。 字数:100—120个词。 hi, mr.li, yours lynne 2.假设你是李华,最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论北京动物园是否应迁出市区。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报写一封信,反映讨论结果。

赞成迁出: 反对迁出:

①.游客多,交通堵塞 ①.建于1906年,中外闻名

②.郊区环境好 ②.搬迁易造成动物死亡

注意:1).词数100字左右,信的开头已为你写好。 2).可根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 3).参考词汇: 郊区—suburb june 3 ,2005 dear editor , recently, our cla have had a heated discuion about whether the beijing zoo should be moved out of the city .some of my clamates are in favor of the move .they say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams .they also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs.however, other students are against the idea, saying that the beijing zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years, and is well –known at home and abroad.so it should remain where it is.what’s more, moving may cause the death of some animals.to move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in beijing.yours truly, li hua 3.假设你的英文名为jack,是英国诺丁汉大学的中国留学生。你负责为在该校就读的32名中国学生筹划圣诞节期间的苏格兰之行,为期7天,请你给诺丁汉的sta(students’travel agency)经理phil发一封电子邮件,联系有关事宜。要点如下:

(1)希望能够派车接送; (2)需要一名说标准英语,并非常熟悉苏格兰的导游;

(3)请求告知旅行日程及就餐、旅馆、费用等情况;

(4)你的联系方式:电子邮箱地址:07747745007 注意:(1)词数:100词左右;(2)开头和结尾已为你写出,不计入总词数; yours truly. jack 4.加拿大高中生david在互联网上登出启事notice,希望结识一位中国朋友,以便学习中国的语言、文化。假设你是重庆实验中学的李华,请在看到这则启事后,用英文给david发出一封电子邮件。主要内容包括:

①.你怎样得知他的愿望 ②.你愿意成为他的朋友 ③.你打算如何帮助他 ④.你盼望他的回复 注意:词数:100词左右 dear david, i am lihua.i am glad to read your notice on the internet and i know you want to make friends with a chinese in order to learn the chinese language and culture.i want to be your friend.now i’d like to introduce myself to you.i was born in chongqing in 1990,i study in the experimental middle school of chongqing and i am good at english. i think i can help you to know about china by sending e-mails.what’s more, we can have chats on the internet in chinese or english and i’ll tell you the customs,the festivals,the foods,etc.of the chinese.i hope we can keep in touch with each other. i am looking forward to your reply. yours, lihua 5.假如你是一名大学生叫李华,对近年来大学毕业生就业情况颇有已见,请根据下面提供的信息向报社写信谈谈你的看法。字数100左右。开头已给出 。

学生心态 向往城市,不愿下乡。

就业现状 城市人才过剩;农村渴求人才。

就业前景 农村天地广阔,可施展才华。 dear editor, i am writing to you to talk about taking up occupations for college graduates.nowadays many graduates are looking forward to obtaining employment in big cities, not willing to work in the countryside. as a matter of fact, there are not enough opportunities to satisfy most of the hunters in big cities while in the countryside talented people are badly needed and a lot of posts are waiting for us.rural areas are a vast world, where you can put your abilities to good use and you’ll be able to make greater contributions to the building of new countryside. therefore, i believe we can have as bright a future in the country as we have in the city.yours, li hua 6.假如你叫王东,你的叔叔三十年前离开家乡去了美国。不久前,他观看china report节目,得知中国决定加大建设社会主义新农村的力度,感慨万分,于是发了一份e-mail给你,询问近来家乡的变化情况。请根据email内容和提示要点,给你叔叔做简要回复。e-mail开头和结尾已经给出。

日期:20-03-2006 发件人:wangguifu 收件人:

主题:t0 xiaodong dear xiao dong how are you doing? the other day when 1 was watching china report cctv at home, i was excited to learn that the chinese government is calling on her people to speed up the reconstruction of their countryside.the report at once took my thoughts back to the small village i once lived in. how time flies!.it is 30 years since i left my home village.it must have changed a lot.would you please write and tell me something about its changes? remember me to your parents! yours, wang guifu 7.要点:①.叔叔离家后,家乡变化很大。 ②.生活条件愈来愈好。

③.房子大而宽敞,许多人住进了设施齐全的公寓。

④.装了电话,买了彩电、洗衣机、冰箱等。⑤.宽敞的道路连接了村庄和城镇。

⑥.买了拖拉机、卡车和汽车。⑦.学校教育良好。⑧.政府重视农村城市化建设。 要求:1)、词数:100左右。2)、可根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 dear uncle , i’m very glad to receive your email . our government cares very much about the reconstruction of our countryside .we are speeding up the citifying of the villages . best wishes . yours xiao dong 8.请以宿舍管理委员会的名义写一份通知,2007年4月2日发出。内容如下:

① 时间:4月5日晚上7点。 ②地点:3号楼103房间。

③ 内容:学生宿舍安全问题:安全用电、火灾应变、防止失窃等。

④ 参加人员:每间寝室一名同学。

⑤ 要求:带笔记本,按时到场,做好记录,并传达给室友。

注意:1)通知的格式已经为你写好,不计入总词数;2)词数:100左右。

参考词汇:学生宿舍 dormitory,盗窃theft(n.) notice a meeting is going to be held in room 103 of building 3 at 7 on the evening of april 5.problems to be talked about at the meeting include the safety of the dormitories, proper use of electricity, what to do in case of fire, prevention of theft and so on.a member of each dormitory is required to be present.they should take notebooks with them and arrive on time.they should take notes carefully and after the meeting they are to inform their roommates of what is discued and what measures will be taken. april 2nd, 2007 9.假如你叫李平,是一位成绩优秀的学生,你班班主任在安排座位时,让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生作同桌,这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响,团活课上大家就此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下,并说出自己的观点。 赞同 反对 你的观点

1.人人有长处和不足,成绩差的学生也有可取之处; 2.相互学习,建立友谊; 3.通过帮助学习差的学生的学习从而使他们建立自信。 1.部分学习差的学生常常违反校规校纪,担心自己会受影响,养成坏习惯。 2.老是问问题,使自己不能专心学习。 ?

注意:1.词数:100~120,短文的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。 2.短文需包括表中所有要点,内容可适当发挥,以使行文连贯。 3.参考词汇:成绩差的学生:a slower student dear mr.zhang, we have held a discuion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower student. some are for the idea.as they know, everyone has strengths as well as weaknees.although they are not good at leons, they might do well in other fields like sports or arts.therefore, they can learn from each other, and they may develop a friendship.in addition, top students can help slower ones gain self-confidence by helping them with their leons, which benefits them all.however, others don’t hold the same view.they think some slower students are always making trouble, such as keeping talking in cla, breaking school rules, which may lead to them forming the bad habits.besides, slower students often ask top students questions, which has a bad effect on their studies. in my opinion, i’d like to choose to share a desk with a slower student so that we can learn from each other and make progre together. yours, li ping 10.假如你是校报负责人,急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑,请你用英文以“an english editor wanted”为题目写一则招聘启事。内容要如下:

⑴.该工作主要包括两部分:一是从英文报刊杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章;二是选择与编辑同学们的来稿。 ⑵.希望该同学满足下列要求:

① 乐意奉献出一些业余时间为同学们服务; ② 英文与美术皆好;能熟练使用电脑。 ③

感兴趣的同学请在本周内与学生会(students’ union)联系。

注意:(1)词数100左右;(2)不要逐字翻译,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。 an english editor wanted our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its english edition.the job mainly includes two parts: one is to choose proper english articles from other newspapers, magazines or internet for us students.the other is to pick out articles from those written by students in our school and edit them for use. those who are interested in the job, please get in touch with the students’ union this week. students’ union 11.假定你是某市居民,名叫李华。你觉得该市出租车行业问题较多,请写一封信给该市市长,内容应包括:

问题 (1)停靠点太少,不易打的; (2)欺诈外地乘客; (3)车速过快,事故频频; (4)仍有拒载者; (5)深夜聚集在娱乐场所外等客时制造噪音,影响他人休息。

建议 要求加强管理

注意:1.字数100词左右。文章开头已给出。 2.参考词汇:绕道:take a roundabout route 不替别人着想的:inconsiderate (adj.) 行业:trade 加强管理:tighten control over„ dear mayor, i’m a resident of the city.i feel there are many problems existing in the trade of taxi in our city.first of all, there are still not enough stops in the streets so it’s not easy to take a taxi.and taxis often run very fast, which causes many traffic accidents.what’s more, some taxi drivers still refuse to pick up some paengers without any reason.another terrible thing which often happens is that deep at night taxis waiting around the entertainment places make much noise.many people suffer from this inconsiderate action.a friend of mine living in another city once visited me, and she told me our city’s taxi drivers cheated her by taking a roundabout route.what will a guest think of our city after such a bad experience? i think we must take actions to tighten control over the taxi trade.maybe the first thing to do is raise the taxi drivers’ profeional morality. we are looking forward to your reply. sincerely yours, li hua 12.如你是学生会主席,请根据下面图表,用英语写一则关于春游的通知。

参加者 高中

一、二年级的学生 2.参加泉山植物园。

集合地点 学校大门前

集合时间 1.4月25日上午乘校车前往; 2.早上七点集合,七点二十分开车。

注意事项 1.参观展览时保持安静;并认真记笔记,准备回来后讨论。篇2:英语应用文写作大全

应用文写作之书信

----劝诫/鼓励朋友或同学

一.写作结构指导

开头:称呼

第一段:开门见山地说明写信的意图,即信的开头要交待的事由。

第二段:交代信中所反映的主要问题的看法和建议,不同内容可以分段。

第三段:表达美好祝愿,期待对方回信。

结尾:结束语和署名

二.常用句型

i am writing to share with you my opinion about it. it’s quite natural/understandable for you to do„, however,„u from my point of view, you should never go to extremes. i hope my advice can be of some help to you. i wonder if you can take my suggestions into consideration. i am looking forward to your good news. 三.优秀范文欣赏

2012年上海高考作文及范例

你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐。给12年六月八日 june 8, 2012 dear xu haiqing, you said in your letter that many of your clamates were wearing fashionable clothes, but you couldn’t afford to buy the best brands.so you felt very depreed.there are different views on people’s wear.the following are my ideas about it. firstly, you shouldn’t put too much emphasis on physical appearance.you must always a famous saying goes, ―frugality is the mother of virtue.‖ so, secondly, you must understand that it is a fine virtue to learn live in frugality.since your family is not able to provide you with enough money to buy clothes of the best brands, it is all the more neceary for you to try every means to lighten the financial burden of your family.you will find the virtue of frugality will benefit you a lot in your later life. i hope you understand what i mean.i am sure you will take a positive attitude towards life and will be happy again when you read my letter.(205 words) yours, huangping 四.实战练习

假设你是john,你的朋友angela在数学学习上遇到一些困难,上课听不懂,课后作业也不能独立完成,几次考试都不及格,她很苦恼,感到自卑,甚至想辍学。请你给她写封信,谈谈你的看法和建议。 -------申请/ 自荐信

一. 写作结构指导

开头:称呼

第一段:介绍自己,开门见山地说明写信的意图,即信的开头要交待的事由。

第二段:阐明申请或自荐的原因、自己的优势或理由

第三段:表达美好祝愿,期待对方回信。

结尾:结束语和署名

二. 常用句型 i am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... i would like to write a letter to tell you that... i am confident that i am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising„... i shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. i will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience i am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience. best regards for your health and succe. 三,高考作文点评

假定你是李华,亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办,现正在招募志愿者,你 希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封信。内容应包括: 1.个人情况:年龄,性别,学历 2.个人条件:英语好,爱好体育,善于交际,乐于助人,熟悉本地情况 3.承诺:提供最佳服务

注意:

1.词数100左右,开头语已为你写好 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯 3.生词:申请—apply (v.),application(n.) 志愿者—volunteer dear sir / madam: my name is lihua .i would like to work as a volunteer for the winter asian games. 思考:避免每句都用第一人称i开头;

内容要点 1.年龄、性别 2.学历及英语水平3.爱好体育、熟悉本地 4.善于交往、乐于助人 5.承诺

6.合适的结尾

【同学范文1】第一档(很差)1-5分 dear sir or madam, my name is lihua.i would like to work as a volunteer for the winter asian games. i am an 18 girl.as a local people, i know the roads and buildings very clear.i like sports very much.by several years training, i am almost good at every sports. now i am a student.in school, my english is good, i am also a kind girl.when i know someone is in difficulty, i will give him or her to defeat it. best wishes for you. 点评:~~~ 【同学范文2】第二档(较差)5-10分 dear sir or madam, my name is lihua.i would like to work as a volunteer for the winter asian games. i hear that the games will be held in this place where i lives.i hope to be a volunteer.because by this, i can lean about the world and take exercise.i can provide the best service for the games.i know the situation here.i believe i can do well. 点评:要点安排混乱,部分要点理解错误;拼写、语法错误较多,部分句型结构有问题;

【同学范文3】第三档(适当)11-15分 dear sir or madam, had a happy end. i apply for being a volunteer, i hope you can allow me to be a volunteer.i will do well in it and it and try my best to work.thank you. 点评:缺少部分要点,如爱好体育、熟悉本地、善于交往、乐于助人等;承诺部分比较精彩。

【同学范文4】第四档(好)16-20分 dear sir or madam, my name is lihua,i would like to work as a volunteer for the winter acian games. i am a warm-hearted boy of 17, who is still studying in middle school.i want to be a member of them. please accept my application for being a volunteer, and i have been ready to make contribution to the games. 点评:能通过使用多变的句式和高级的词组增强文章表现力,英语功底比较扎实。

【同学范文5】第五档(很好)21-25分 my name is li hua.i would like to work as a volunteer for the winter asian games.i’m a boy of 17 years old and right now i’m studying in the ╳╳ no.2 senior high school. 应 用 文 写 作

格式例文:

[书信作文写作模版1] 1. 保持书信格式---地址,日期,称谓,落款 2. 根据内容确定文体----建议,劝说,说明,申请,投诉,介绍;商榷/讨论; 描绘/叙述;致谢,致歉„

二、书信作文 (2) 写作流程图

范文示例:

topic a letter to the university president about the library service on campus.you should write at least 120 words, and base your 假设你是李强,请你就本校图书馆的状况给校长写一封信,内容应涉及图书馆的藏书数量和更新状况、环境、服务等,可以是表扬,可以是批评建议,也可以兼而有之。

【范文及点评】 a letter to the university president about the library service on campus. thjanuary 6, 2006 dear mr.president, i am writing to expre my concern over the library service on the campus. as a major in english, i find that most of the books in english in the library are outdated. (2) 提出第一个问题,藏书没有及时更新

第一部分:提出抱怨并表示遗憾

经典语录:

第二段

consequently, we fail to get the latest information of academic development both at home and abroad. (3) 指出后果,不能及时得到最新信息 in addition, the light in the reading room is far from bright. (4) 指出光线不好 worse still, there is no air-conditioning and we are sweating heavily while reading. (5) 指出没有空调的问题, (6) 提出最后一个问题 last but not least, the newly developed electronic information system does not work well and needs further improvement.countle books should have been listed in the system. 经典语录

第三段

there is no denying that the library has helped us tremendously. (7) 客观说明图书馆的作用 but it is in urgent need of advancement.when improved, the library is certain to provide much more help with our study. (8) 对图书馆的改进充满期待 thank you for your time.i am looking forward to your reply shortly. (9) 结束语,期待对方的回信 yours sincerely, li qiang 2.咨询信 (letter of inquiry) (1) 写作方法

① 首段:

a.复述题目场景,表明写作目的; b.遵守礼貌原则,只问相关信息; c.简要介绍自己,表明写作目的。

② 主体:

a.询问具体问题,注意疑问句式; b.提供背景材料及询问原因; c.强调所需信息重要性; d.题目要求的内容均应涉及。

③ 尾段:

a.表明急切心情,提供联系方式; b.结尾彬彬有礼,表示诚挚谢意; c.希望得到对方帮助和合作。 (2) 写作流程图

范文示例 topic a letter of inquiry of applying for an english club.you should篇4:英语应用文写作格式总结[1] 英语应用文写作格式总结

常见的应用文格式: 1.备忘录(memo)

2.邀请函(invitation)

3.求职信(a job application letter) 4.感谢信

5.通知(notice)

6.请假条(a leave of absence) 7.e-mail 备忘录(memo):

date:(时间)november 10,2009 to:(收文人)kelly anderson, personnel manager from:(发文人)j.hign, aistant to the customer service director subject: reasons of decreasing sales (正文)

邀请函(invitation): topic: you must organize an annual academic conference which will be held on december 15.write an invitation to dr.william. dear dr.william, 正文(说明开会的具体时间,地点和内容,表示自己的诚恳请求) i am writing to invent you sincerely to attend the„„ 结束语(诚恳地邀请对方,期待对方的到来) yours, name 求职信(a job application letter): 和邀请函格式基本相当

写信日期(october 10,2009 ) dear mr.peter, 正文

yours sincerely, name 通知(notice): notice 正文(介绍活动的所有相关信息)

发文单位(english department) 有的话写,看题目。

感谢信:

时间(date)

dear sir or madam: 正文(开头,中间)

结束语(感谢对方)thank you for your „„.. yours, name e-mail:称谓,正文,同上

请假条: to: from: date: subject: dear sir or madam, 正文(说明请假的原因,请假的时间有几天,说明什么时候上班等,对此表示歉意,希望能得到批准)

结束语:i am looking forward to your kind answer.

一、邀请信

非常希望...共进晚餐

2、thank you for inviting us to dinner 谢谢您邀请我们共进晚餐

我期望您会在百忙中光临

4、the reception will be held in ...,on dec.12th..招待会定于...在...举行

5、we are looking forward to ...我们期待着.... 6we have decided to have a party in honor of。。。 为此我们决定举办一次晚会来纪念。。。。

二、感谢信

1、thank you very much for .... 十分感谢...

2、many thanks for your ... 非常感谢您...

3、please accept my sincere appreciation for ... 请接受我对...真挚的感谢

4i am truly grateful to you for ... 为了...,我真心感激您

5thank you again for your hospitable reception and i am looking forward to seeing you soon. 再次感谢您的盛情款待,并期待不久见到您。

推荐第3篇:英语应用文写作

英语应用文写作

书信,祝贺信,感谢信,邀请信

1.A Letter of Invitation

Dear Dr.Brown:

I am pleased to invite you to visit the Genetics Institute of Eastern University of Medical Sciences for one week in early October 2001.During your visit to our institute, we look forward to your academic presentations and the exchange of ideas in genetic sciences.Furthermore, we can discu the poibility of establishing a cooperative relationship between our two institutes.

Please inform us at your earliest convenience of your schedule so that we can make appropriate arrangements for your visit.

We are looking forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely yours,

Da Chengde, Ph.D.

Director Genetics Institute

Eastern University of Medical Sciences

2.A Letter of Congratulations

Dear Jim:

It’s time to celebrate your special day again.Congratulations on your fiftieth birthday and best wishes for the whole year.

We want you to know our thoughts are with you everyday but especially on your birthday and we wish you the best of everything life has to offer.

If you are in the mood for celebrating, we would like to take you to a concert.Just let us know when you would be available and we will make all the arrangements.May this birthday be an especially happy one.

Cordially,

John

3.A Letter of Thanks

Dear Dr.White:

I am pleased to inform you that Dr.Bli from the University of Colorado at Boulder has succefully completed her two-week academic visit to our university from May 7 to May 24, 1999.We were very impreed by her hardworking spirit and her conscientious efforts in teaching our teachers and students.For the past two weeks, Dr.Bli has lectured and taught claes in listening, speaking, reading, writing and American culture for a total of 28 hours.In addition, she has contributed many books to the English Department and the university library.This experience has provided us with a great opportunity to improve our English proficiency.

On behalf of my university, I would like to expre our appreciation for the warm-hearted contribution of Dr.Bli to our educational programs.We hope that as a result of this experience, a substantial academic link in broader areas can be established between our universities.

Please keep in touch.

Sincerely yours,

╳╳╳, Ph.D.

Vice President and Profeor

╳╳╳ University

4.A Letter of Apology

Dear Janet,

Thank you so much for inviting me to attend your wedding ceremony.I would like to apologize to you for not being able to be there due to the unexpected illne of my daughter.We had to rush her to the hospital for an instant intravenous injection.The doctor put her on bed rest for ten days.Please accept my heartfelt congratulations on the special occasion of your marriage.

Best Wishes.

Affectionately,

Robert

推荐第4篇:应用文英语写作

谈应用文写作

英语应用文写作在初中阶段主要包括日记、书信、通知、便条、贺卡等,前3种又是中考中常考的文体。解答这类题时,一方面要根据题目的提示和要求进行书面表达;另一方面要注意,应用文体(日记、书信、通知等)的不同书写格式,这也是考题测试考生的意图之

一。因此,在平时的学习过程中,要注意知识的积累,仔细观察,多练、多用。再则,书写时要确保所表达的内容情景交融,富有文采,语言通顺、流畅,语法准确。

●1.书信

英文书信与中文书信在格式上差异很大,英文格式分为以下几部分:

(1)信头。信头就是写信人的地址和日期,写在书信正文的右上角。顺序是先写地址,后写日期。地址的顺序由小到大。日期的顺序是:日、月、年或月、日、年。

(2)信内地址。信内地址就是收信人的姓名和地址。低于信头1~2行,写在书信的左上方,即在称呼的上方。顺序是:先写收信人的姓名,再写地址。地址也是由小到大。

(3)称呼。称呼就是对收信人的称呼。从左边顶格写,占一行。称呼一律在人名前加Dear。如Dear Mary, Dear Mr.Gao, Dear Doctor等。

(4)正文和结束语。正文是书信的主要部分。下文从称呼下隔一行开始,开头空4个字母的空间。结束语写在正文下方的2~3行的位置,从信纸中央偏右的地方写起。一般用Yours,后加逗号,然后另起一行,写上写信人的姓名。

【典型考题例】

假设你叫王伟,是山东临清和平路先锋中学的学生。请你给美国的Mary 小姐用英语写一封信,介绍一下你校情况。

提示:学校约有1 500多名学生、30个班。教师教学有方,学生学习勤奋,是一所省重点中学(key school),每年都有80%以上的毕业生考入各类高校。学校绿树成阴,办公楼和教学楼坐落其间,是学习的好地方。

注意:

(1)用英语书信格式填写双方姓名和地址。

(2)通讯地址:美国新泽西州普林斯顿(Princeton

New Jersey)大学物理系。

(3)写信日期:2006年6月7日

答案:

Wang Wei

Xianfeng Middle School

Heping Road, Linqing

Shandong Province

China

June 7, 2006

Mary

Physic Major

princeton New Jersey University

America

Dear Mary,

How are you? I am pleased to introduce our school to you.There are 1500 students and 30 claes in our school.It is one of the key middle schools in the province.The teachers teach well and the students study hard.Every year more than 80% of the senior students are able to go to universities and colleges.A lot of green trees and red flowers grow everywhere in the school and among them stand the office buildings and teachings building.It is really a good place for students to study in.I love it very much.Welcome to our school.

Best wishes.

Yours ever,

Wang Wei

●2.日记

英语日记通常由书端和正文两部分组成。

(1)书端。书端是专门载写日记的日期、星期和天气的。它被写在正文上面的左边,要顶格写。书端的日期可以先写月份,再写日期,最后写年份。如:January 6, 2004。也可以先写日期,再写月份,最后写年份,如:6 January, 2004。书端的日期可以用基数词,也可以用序数词的缩写形式,但后面必须加逗号。除May(5月)外,其余月份均可缩写,年份用阿拉伯数字书写。如:Feb.8th, 2004或8th Feb.,2004。

书端的星期可以在日期前,也可以在日期后。如:Wednesday(Wed.), February(Feb.) 8th, 2004或February 8th, 2004, Wednesday。

如果要在书端里写天气情况,可以简写成Fine/

Clear/Sunny, Cloudy, Snowy, Windy, Rainy等。天气写在右上方。

(2)正文。正文的格式与其他文章相象,一般缩进4个字母,也可以顶格写。由于日记记录的是已经发生的事,因此常用一般过去时态。

(3)写应试日记注意事项。

① 认真阅读图文提示,分析重点,确定如何写。

② 仔细分析文中所需时态和语态,力求做到语法正确。

③ 注意用好介词和连词,使文章简练、活跃。

④ 复合句和简单句搭配使用,加强文章的可读性。

⑤ 抓住重点,展开想象,拓宽思路,写好文章的结尾。

⑥ 格式正确,书写工整,标点准确,字数符合要求。

【典型考题例】

请根据如下内容提示,写一篇90词左右的日记。

内容要点:11月12日,星期天,晴。你乘公共汽车去商店,在车上看见一位乘客给一个抱孩子的妇女让座。你因为没有给那位妇女让座而感到惭愧,提前下了车。谈谈自己对此事的感受和今后对自己的要求。

答案:

November 12Sunday Fine

Today I went to a shop by bus.There were lots of people on the bus.A woman got on the bus.She was carrying a baby in her arms, but no seat was empty.The woman looked a little

disappointed.Just then an old woman stood up and gave her seat to the woman with a baby.The woman with a baby thanked the old woman again and again and then sat down.I just sat beside the old woman then.My face turned red as I thought of that.I felt very sorry for it.I decided to get off at the next stop and I did so.From that matter I felt that I should be strict with myself and try to do good deeds.

●3.通知

英语通知与中文通知一样有两种形式:一种是口头通知,另一种是书面通知。

(1)口头通知的格式

口头通知采用第一人称形式传达,说话者必须切合自己的身份,如代表某个集体或某个集体中的一员。发布口头通知应注意以下两点:

① 开头应有称呼语和引起听众注意的开场白。开头称呼语常用的有:Boys and girls, Comrades, Ladies and gentlemen。开场白常用的有:Attention, please! Be quiet, please! May I have you attention, please?

② 结尾应给听众要结束通知的信号,常用语有:That\'s all.Thank you so much for it.Thank you.

(2)书面通知的格式

书面通知通常以布告形式出现。为醒目起见,标题的每个字母一般都大写。内容要遵循“四多一少”原则,即:被动语态多,将来时态多,简单句多,祈使句多,修饰性词语少。通知要有4“W”,即:what, who, when, where。书面通知一般没有称呼语,通常用第三人称。书面通知由4部分组成:

①标题:在正文上面正中的位置写上NOTICE或Notice。

②正文: 说明通知的具体时间、地点、活动内容和注意事项。

③ 单位:发布通知的单位一般写在正文的左下角。有时也放于标题之下,作为标题的一部分。

④ 时间:发出通知的时间一般写在正文的右下角。

【典型考题例】

假如你是一位导游,原定今天带领外宾去农村参观,由于下雨参观活动延至明日。请你用英语口头通知外宾今天新的活动安排。内容要点如下:

(1)时间、地点:上午8:30在宾馆门口乘车。

(2)活动安排:上午参观一所具有85年历史的中学。下午参观工业展览馆,那里展出许多产品,其中有些产品还获得了今年的全国发明奖。

(3)注意事项:准时上车,随身带好所需物品。如有问题,欢迎询问。

注意:1.通知只需把要点写清楚,不要逐条翻译。2.字数100字左右。

答案:

Attention, please!

I\'m sorry to tell you that the visit to the countryside we planned for this morning will be put off till tomorrow because of the rain.Please gather at the hotel gate at half past eight tomorrow morning and then we will take a bus to the countryside.Tomorrow morning we will visit a middle

school, which has a history of 85 years.In the afternoon we will visit an industry exhibition, in which many new products are on show.Some of them won the national prizes for invention.Please get on the bus on time.Can\'t forget to bring the things you need with you.If you have any questions, you can ask me.Thank you.【典型考题例】

请用英语为学生会(The Students Union)写一个书面通知,时间是5月4日,内容是:

(1)今天上午10:00在会议室召开各班班长会议。

(2)全校师生下午4:00看电影。下午的课改在1:30开始。

答案:

NOTICE

There will be a meeting for all the monitors in the meeting-room, at 10:00 this morning.All the teachers and students are going to see a film at 4:00 this afternoon.The claes this afternoon will begin at 1:30.Be sure not to be late forschool, please.

The Students Union

May 4, 2006

●4.便条

便条主要是指留言条和请假条等。留言条和请假条在结构上是一样的,都由称呼、正文、签名和留言日期4个部分组成。正文部分应写得简单、明确。

便条一般写在纸上,不用信封。格式与书信类似,但简化了很多:

① 称呼后面都用逗号。

② 结尾不必像书信一样写结束语,署名在右下角。

③ 可以写日期,位置一般在右上角略高于称呼的位置,一般只写星期几和上、下午或晚上。为了准确,可以写具体的钟点,不必写年、月。

④ 语言较口语化。

(1)请假条(Asking for a Leave)

具体来讲,请假条分两种:病假条和事假条。但无论哪种请假条,都要写明请假的原因和请假的时间。另外,如果是病假,最好随请假条附上医生的诊断证明。

【典型考题例】

假设你叫Joe,昨天在一场车祸中腿部受伤,现在在医院。医生说你至少要卧床两个星期。请你给班主任高老师写一张请假条,说明这一段时间不能上学的原因。请假的日期是10月12日。字数60字左右。

一并附上医生的诊断证明。(Enclosed please find the doctor\'s certificate.)

October12th

答案:

Dear Mr.Gao,

I\'m sorry to tell you that my legs were hurt in a traffic accident yesterday.Now I am in hospital and the doctor told me that I would have to stay in bed for at least two weeks, so I can\'t

go to school these days.

Enclosed please find the doctor\'s certificate.

Yours,

Joe

(2)留言条(Leaving a Meage)

当你去找某人,而他不在的时候,你可以用留言条告诉他你找他的原因。留言条是一种实用但比较不正式的文体,因此,要言简意赅。最后不要忘记告诉对方留言的人是谁。

【典型考题例】

假设你叫Bill,钟伟是你的朋友。你们很久没有见面。你打电话给他却没有人接,去他家找他,他又不在。所以你就留言约他周日晚上在他家附近的中国餐馆吃饭,让他看到条子之后给你回一个电话,你新换了电话号码,现在的是53768897。

这个留言条的背景是多次寻友不遇而留言相约,因此有必要把多次到访的过程做个简单的叙述。另外的重要信息是约会的时间、地点和自己的电话。写的时候可以按照这个顺序,但要注意不可逐句翻译。

答案:

Zhong Wei.

I haven\'t seen you for a long time.I tried to call you, but there was no reply.I stopped by your house, but you were not there.It is said that the Chinese restaurant near your home is pretty good.What about going there this Sunday evening? We can have a nice chat over dinner.Please call me as soon as you see my meage.By the way, my telephone number has just been changed.It is 53768897.

Bill

(3)电话留言(Telephone Meage)

电话留言也是便条的一种。电话留言要求信息完整、准确,语言简单扼要。一般以表格的形式进行记录。

【典型考题例】

请根据下面的对话完成后面的表格。

下笔之前,问自己几个问题:

1.Pat为什么要打电话给Jack?

2.晚会什么时间开始?

3.大家是各自前往吗?

C = Mrs.Clarke,P = Pat

C:Hello, this is Mrs.Clarke.

P:Hello, Mrs.Clarke, this is Pat.May I speak to Jack, please?

C:Sorry, he\'s out.Can I take a meage?

P:OK, that\'s very kind of you.Please tell him the party was put off to 5:00 p.m.the day after tomorrow.

C:Will you meet before the pary?

P:Yes.I\'ll come to meet Jack in your house at 4:30 on that day.

C:OK, I see.

P: Thank you, Mrs.Clarke.Bye!

C: Bye-bye!

答案:

TELEPHONE MESSAGE

FROM: Pat

TO: Jack

DAY: Friday

TIME: 4:00 p.m.

MESSAGE: There is no party today.It\'ll be at 5:00 on Sunday afternoon.Pat will meet you here at 4:30 on that day.

推荐第5篇:英语应用文写作

应用文写作范文精选

感谢信范文:

To Whom It May Concern,

As a student of this university, I would like to take the opportunity to expre my appreciation for your kind aistance as always.Meanwhile, I feel that it would be beneficial to expre my views concerning the quality of the library service.

In the first place, I find that most keyboards of the library computers are in poor operation, which brings much inconvenience to the users.I would also recommend the library to improve the efficiency of purchasing new books and subscribing to academic journals.Last but not least, the study rooms need to be furnished with a better lighting system.

I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming 申请信范文1: Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of busine manager you advertised in yesterday’s China Daily.

To briefly introduce myself, I am a graduate student of Peking University majoring in busine administration, and expect graduation this June.Not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also poe the rich experience of aisting management staff of several renowned international companies, such as KPMG and Microsoft.My interactive personal skills and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post.For further information, please refer to my attached resume.

I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely, Li Ming 申请信范文2: Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to expre my great interest in the “Olympic Volunteer Recruitment” launched recently by the Beijing Olympic Committee, and I would like to apply as a qualified candidate.

As I am an English major, my fluency in both Mandarin and English, as well as my basic command of French, guarantees that I meet the language requirement for the various volunteer positions.More importantly, I have been an enthusiastic participant in many international exchange programs—which are reflected in my attached resume—and therefore, I believe my communication skills make me competent for such a post.

Should you grant me an interview, I would be most grateful.

Yours truly Li Ming 求职信范文: Dear Mr.Wang,

I am a computer science major from Peking University, and I am writing in response to your advertisement for recruiting a software programmer intern posted on our university BBS yesterday.I hope I can take the job.

The main reason for my confidence in this position lies in both my extensive academic training in software programming, and my work experience in the relevant industry which has further polished my abilities.Moreover, I have much spare time this semester, which can ensure my time commitment for the internship.Please find more details in my enclosed resume.

Thank you for your time and patience, and I would greatly appreciate it if you could grant me an interview.

Yours sincerely, Li Ming

道歉信范文:

Dear Prof.Patent,

I am very sorry to inform you that I did not manage to complete the book report you aigned last week, due to a sudden illne falling upon me a few days ago.For the past few days I have been in hospital with a continuous fever, which has thus prevented me from any academic activity.I hereby submit the doctor’s note.

I would be very much obliged if you could grant me another week for the task, as my health is turning better.

Hope you can understand my situation and accept my apology.

Yours faithfully, Li Ming 感谢信范文:

Dear Mr.and Mrs.Smith,

I am now back to China safe and sound.In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you and your lovely children for your kindne and hospitality to host me when I was in New York.Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory.

I do hope that your whole family pay a visit to China in future, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your friendship.I aure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home.

I feel obliged to thank you once more.

Love, Li Ming

祝贺信范文:

Dear Jason,

I am much delighted to learn that you have been elected the Chairman of our University Students’ Union.This is a special and happy moment for you and I am very proud of your achievement.

The Students’ Union plays an eential role in our campus life.Managing and leveraging such an organization not only poses a great challenge to you, but will also fundamentally enhance your ability comprehensively.I believe this position will be a new beginning, and a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career.

Please accept my most sincere congratulations!

Best wishes, Li Ming

通知范文:

Notice There is going to be a lecture, titled “Acro Cultures: Digital Media and Literate Activity”, in the meeting room of the English Department from 9:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.on Monday, July 11th.The lecture will be given by Profeor Robert Johnson, who is from the Department of English Literature of University of Pennsylvania.Profeor Johnson is known for his unique probing of the many connections between literate activity and new information technologies.He will present, in his humorous style, the relation he found between culture and technological development, which you surely will enjoy very much.

All the teachers and students are welcome to attend this lecture.

English Department

推荐第6篇:英语写作应用文

四级作文范文

求职信

A Letter of Application

1.表达自己对该工作的渴求态度

2.尽量展示自己的技能和经历

3.信中应包括自己的联系方式

【范文】

January , 2011Dear Sirs,

I am writing you this letter to show my keen interest in the post of aistant manager which you advertised in yesterday\'s China Daily for, as is indicated in the enclosed resume, my major and experiences closely parallel your requirement.

I have always been a top student in my specialized area, biochemistry.I took several other courses in my spare time and excelled in all of them due to my hard work.I am sure such courses as British and American literature and culture, busine management and statistics will lend me an edge in the fierce competition in the job market.Another point I want to draw your attention to is that I have been taking an active part in a variety of campus activities.In the due proce teamwork spirit has been enhanced and my interpersonal skills improved.

I would like to meet you at your earliest convenience and discu the poibility of working with your company.Or, if you are too busy these days, you can contact me at 64543575 for further information.Thank you for your favorable consideration.

Best wishes.Yours sincerely,Jenny Green 【点评】

这篇文章是一篇非常成功的求职信。首段表明了自己对经理助理这一职位的渴望,其中包括了自己如何得知这一职位的,而后说明自己的条件符合要求,引起下段。次段分五句,说明自己在专业上是个尖子生,并指出对于其他课程自己做得同样出色,为将来的工作奠定了坚实的基础;后两句说明自己参加了各种学校活动,培养了多方面的能力。第三段首句说明自己非常希望能早日获得面试的机会;次句说如果对方太忙,可以打电话联系;末句对对方表示感谢,是一句客套话。

首段中的keen表示“热切的”, parallel这里做动词,表示“与……相当,比得上”。第二段首句中的specialized area表示“专业领域”;第二句中的excel是不及物动词,表示“突出,超常,胜过他人”;第三句中的edge表示“优势”;第四句中的a variety of等于various,表示“多种多样的”;第五句中的teamwork spirit表示“团队精神”,interpersonal skills表示“人际交往的能力”。

推荐第7篇:英语应用文写作

英语应用文写作之通知

通知 (Notice)

通知有两种,一种是书信方式,寄出或发送,通知有关人员;另一种是布告形式,张贴通知。究竟采用哪种形式,视实际需要而定。如通知的对象为集中的较大范围的人员,例如学生、教师、会员以及读者、观众等,宜采用布告的形式。这里所讲的“通知”正是这一种。

这种通知一般在上方居中处写上“Notice” 或“NOTICE”一词作为标志,正文的下面靠右下角写出通知的单位名称或人名。但也可放在正文上面。有时出通知的单位名称用在本文的开头,这样就不需要另外注明。出通知的日期写在正文的左下角。如有单位负责人署名,可写在右下角。出通知的单位以及被通知的对象一般都用第三人称。如果正文前用了称呼用语,则用第二人称表示通知对象。 举办报告会(Notice About A Report Meeting)

Notice

All Are Welcome

Under the Auspices of 1 the Foreign Language Department

a report will be given

on impreion of visiting America

by Prof.Wang Yi

in the Room 501 of the Department

on Wednesday, October 15, 2005, at 2:00 p.m.

The Department Office

October 12, 2005

注:1.under the auspices of„, 由„主持(或主办)(新P.73)

[译文]

通知

外语系主办报告会

主讲人:王义教授

题目:访美观感

地点:外语系501教室

时间:2005年10月15日星期三下午2:00

欢迎大家届时参加

系办公室

2005年10月12日

2.召开会议 (Meeting Notice)

The University Commiion of Academic Research

NOTICE

All the members of the University Commiion of Academic Research are requested to meet in the University conference room on Monday, April 6 at 3:00 p.m.to discu questions of inter-collegiate academic exchanges.April 3, 2005

[译文] 兹订于四月六日(星期一)下午三点在校会议室召开校学术委员会全体委员会议,讨论校际学术交流问题,请准时出席。

校学术委员会

2005年4月3日

汇报演出(Notice Announcing A Report Performance)

Notice

The Foreign Language Department takes pleasure in announcing its annual Foreign Language Literary and Artistic Report Performance, which is to be held in the University Auditorium on December 30, 2005, at 2:00 p.m..The program includes chorus, solo, dance, recitation and skit.All the teachers and students are warmly welcome.

December 28, 2005

[译文]

通知

我系定于2005年12月30日下午2:00在校大礼堂举行每年一度的外语文艺节目汇报演出。内容包括:合唱、独唱、舞蹈、诗朗诵和小品等。热烈欢迎全体师生莅临指导。

外语系

2005年12月28日

英语应用文写作之便条写法

便条是一种简单的书信。虽然内容简单,但却有其独特的风格。主要目的是为了尽快的把最新的信息、通知、要求或者活动的时间、地点转告给对方。常见的便条有收条、欠条、留言和请假条等。

便条可以有题目,也可以省略题目。

便条开篇须有称呼语,但称呼可以比较随便。

日期部分可写在便条的右上角。

日期的签署通常只需写星期几或星期几的上午、下午,也可只写上午或下午和具体时间。只写日期也可以。

便条结尾须署上留条人的姓名,位置在正文的右下角。

便条的形式和内容简洁,故可以用几句话概括。文内语言尽量通俗口语化,简单扼要,直截了当,无需使用客套语言。便条虽简单,但中心务必突出,更要注明活动的时间及地点。便条不需邮寄,不用信封。通常请人代为转交。有时可写在留言板和留言簿上。基本写作格式

便条内容和类型不尽相同,可以灵活变通。但各类便条必须包括以下几个基本要素;1)Date:便条日期2)Salutation:称呼3)Body:正文4)Signature:署名

样例

收条:即收到钱物之后,给交钱或送物人写张字据,说明已经收到某物,可留作证据。条据上需写明钱物名称和数量、立据人及日期。不得涂改。

Jan.23rd,2003Received from Student, Wang Zihao one hundred yuan only for this months tuition fee.

Li ManFor the Finance Office ofForeign Language Institute

欠条;留下字据,表示欠某人某物。条据上需写明钱物名称和数量、立据人及日期。不

得涂改。

Sept.16th, 2002Borrowed from the Foreign Language Department Reference Library three books as follows:A copy of History and Anthology of English Literature by Wu WeirenA copy of A Survey of American Literature by Chang YaoxinA copy of World Literature by Jiang ChengenWu Zhuo

For the Office of

Social Science Department

留言;用书面留下要说的话。留言涉及的方面很多,包括约会,通知,请求等任何可用便条留下的口信。

TuesdayDear Li,As the Spring Festival is drawing near, Im very glad to invite you to come to a dinner party with several other friends of ours.Im sure we will have a very happy time and enjoy ourselves thoroughly.Would you like to come on time at 5:00 p.m.today, to Room 6 of Lijing Hotel?Yours always, Jiayang

请假条:往往指由于生病或特殊情况不能亲自当面请假,用假条的形式告假。所以,请假条大多是病假条。可以自写,也可请他人代写。写假条最重要的是说明原因和请假的期限。

Jan.10thDear Ms.Jiang,I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend this mornings two periods of English Cla due to a bad cold and high fever.Enclosed is a certificate from the doctor who said I must stay in bed for a few days.I will go back to school as soon as I recover.

Yours respectfully,Tian Ye

常用句子I shall feel obliged if you will favor me with a call at your earliest convenience.如您方便,请早日来电,我将不胜感激。

Delighted!Will call at 2 p.m.tomorrow.来条收悉,定于明天下午两点拜访。

Encl.: Doctors Certificate of Advice.附;医生证明

I shall be bery happy to call at your house at 6:30 this everying.Until then,...我定于今晚6:30去你家,望等候。

Upon receiving this note, please come to my office.见条后,请立即来我办公室。Mr.Li stands in urgent need of your service.李先生急需你的帮助。

I happen to be in urgent need of 200 yuan.我因有急事,需要200元。

Yours note with an admiion ticket enclosed is much appreciated.留言和一张入场券均已收到,不胜感激。

I am very grateful to you for your kind invitation, and Im sure to come to see your concert.承蒙邀请观看你们的音乐会,我一定按时到场。

Please accept this little figt as a small token of my esteen for you.奉上这小小的礼物,以表达我对您的崇高敬意。

结束语I trust my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience.望我的缺席不会给你带来太大的不便。

Please favor me with an early reply.敬请早复。

Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as poible.希望能及早处理此事。Please give an extension of leave for three days.请准予续假三天为盼

推荐第8篇:英语应用文写作

Practical Writing Models

实用英文写作范文

Dear Sir,

My name is Li Kang.I am going to graduate from Department of Mathematics in Nanjing University in June next year.I am very eager to enter the Graduate School of your University next fall to study applied mathematics for master’s degree.

I entered … University in 2003.During my 3 years at this university, I paed all the required courses of study with satisfactory marks, wining scholarship each semester.In addition, I also took an active part in extracurricular activities.I won the second prize in the National English Contest in 2005, and have been the chairman of students’ Union of my department for 2 years, from which I accumulated plenty of social and work experience.… Enclosed in the letter are my materials concerning the application.Please feel free to write to me and ask for further information and documentation if you have any question.It would be very kind of you if you will consider my application and give me the earliest reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Kang

Dear Sir:

I was pleased to see your ad in Chengdu Shang Bao on May 10, 2007 for a sales engineer.In July 1 I will receive my Bachelor’s degree in Electronic Engineering from SWJTU, and I would like to be considered for the post.

I believe I could do a satisfactory work for your company because both my education and work experience have been in line with the duties you outlined in your ad.As indicated in my attached resume, my main degree course is concerned with basic electronic topics.But I also have taken such courses as Marketing, Consumer Behavior Strategies and Psychology, and all available opportunities to increase my knowledge in both fields.

As for my English ability, I have already paed the national CET (Band 4) with excellent results and I have even worked two summers as an English interpreter at Chengdu Travel Service.

I will be available for interview at any time, and look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,

Dear Sirs,

I have learned from an advertisement that your university will offer a three-month Advanced English Program for foreign students from June to September.I would like to6

inquire into the poibility of my being enrolled in such a course.

At present, I am a senior student at the Department of Civil Engineering, … University.When I graduate next year, I will be working for the Head Office of China Construction Cooperation, dealing with projects abroad.My prospective employer suggests that I take an additional course to improve my proficiency in spoken and written English.My knowledge of English is adequate for me to survive the period of training in your country, for I have paed English Test Band Four, which is sponsored by China Education Committee.

I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply with a set ofapplication form.

Sincerely yours,

Wang Ming

4.A Letter of Thanks感谢信

范文1 Thanks for One’s Hospitality

Dear Linder,

My visit with you last weekend was a real pleasure.Thank you for yourhospitality.I enjoyed every moment.

Yours sincerely,

Joan

范文 2Thanks for a Gift

Dear Lynn,

I just love the vase you sent me! It is so delicate, yet so gorgeous.It is one of the nicest birthday presents I have ever received.

I will place the vase on our dining table and put the most beautiful flowers in it.You really should come and see for yourself how lovely the vase looks in our dining room.

With love, and a special hug and ki,

Helen

5.Memo Writing备忘录写作

A memo is a useful note to convey meages.The following should be covered in your memo:

1.To whom it is addreed.

2.From whom it comes.

3.The subject of the memo.

4.The date.

5.Brief, simple and to-the-point instructions, inquiries, requests or information.

范文1A Memo on a Welcome Luncheon

Date: Oct.8, 2007

To: Dr.David Clinton

From: Dr.Frank White

Re: Luncheon to Welcome Profeor Wang

This is a reminder of the invitation to a luncheon to welcome Prof.Wang Xinfrom Peking University.During the luncheon Profeor Wang will make apresentation to the university library.

The luncheon is scheduled for Thursday, October 11, 2007, at 12:00 noon,at the Students Union Club.

范文 2A Memo to Students Living in Student Dorms

To: All residents of Building 10

From: The Domestic Bursar

Date: September 11, 2007

BATHROOMS AND TOILETS

Due to the repairs being completed in the bathrooms and toilets in Building 9,it would be helpful if residents did not use them for a few days.Hopefully they should be ready by next Tuesday, but to have a completely satisfactory job done, the floors MUST NOT BE WALKED ON for 24 hours at least.

6.英文简历范文

范文 1

Chinese Name: Guoqiang Zhang

English Name: Eddy Zhang

(外企习惯以英文名字作为同事间的称呼,如果你有英文名字,将会首先给你的面试官一份亲切感。)

Sex: Male

Born: 6/12/82

University: South West Jiao Tong University

Major: Marketing

Addre: 328#, South West Jiao Tong University

Telephone: 1398****451

Email: ****@163.com

(不论你是肥环瘦燕,还是鹤立鸡群,“身高体重”的话题都不要在简历中提及。在西方文化中,“身高体重”属于特别隐私性的话题。另外,政治色彩越少越好,老外一般没有兴趣知道你的政治隐私。)

Job Objective:

A Position offering challenge and responsibility in the realm of consumer affairs or marketing.

Education:

2003-2007South West Jiao Tong University, College of Economic Management.Graduating in July with a B.S.degree in Marketing.

Fields of study include: economics, marketing, busine law, statistics, calculus, psychology, sociology, social and managerial concepts in marketing, consumer behavior, sales force management, product policy, marketing research and forecast, marketing strategies.

1997-2003The No.2 Middle School of Xi’an, Shanxi Province.

(第二部分教育背景必须注意:求职者受教育的时间排列顺序与中文简历中的时间排列顺序正好相反,也就是说,是从求职者的最高教育层次写起。

Social Activities:

2003-2007 Secretary of the Cla League Branch.

2000-2003 Cla monitor.

Summer Jobs:

2006: Administrative Aistant in Sales Department of Xi’an Nokia Factory.Responsible for

public relations, correspondence, expense reports, record keeping, inventory catalog.2005: Provisional employee of Sales Department of Xi\"an Lijun Medical Instruments &

Equipment (Holdings) Company.Responsible for sorting orders, shipping

arrangements, deliveries.

Hobbies: Internet-surfing, tennis, travel.

English Proficiency: College English Test-Band Six.

Computer Skills: Microsoft office, Adobe Photoshop, etc.

References will be furnished upon request.

(大多数外企对英语及计算机水平都有一定的要求,个人的语言水平、程度可单列说明。)

范文 2

Name: Li PengEnglish Name: Win

Personal Data:

Sex: maleAge: 23Marital status: Single

Native place: Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China

Mobile: 1373633558

3Educational background:

Major: Busine Administration

Graduate school: South West Jiao Tong University

Degree: Bachelor

Education:

2003.9--2007.6: South West Jiao Tong University, majoring in busine administration.

Academic main courses:

management of human resources/ production and busine administration /operation

management /strategic management /quality management / marketing/ international trade / principles of management /groundwork of accounting /economic law, etc.English skills:

Have a good command of both spoken and written English;

Certificate of CET Band 6

Computer abilities:

skilled in use of windows / office2003

Self aement:

An energetic, adaptable and able man, cooperative and honest to others.

Employment experience :

2006/6--2006/10: sale car acceories kits to abroad in Wenzhou Qishijiayin Car

Acceories Co.Ltd

2005/10--2006/3: General manager aistant, aisting the manager to open a good market to sale car acceories in southeast Asia , 2 million RMB per month now, and it will be added month by month.

Position wanted:

To obtain a challenging position as an aistant for a manager, especially in human

resource management / sale part.

信息性文摘(Information Abstract)应该用简洁、明确的语言(一般不超过150 words)将论文的\"目的(Purposes)\",主要的研究\"过程(Procedures)\"及所采用的\"方法(Methods)\",由此得到的主要 \"结果(Results)\"和得出的重要\"结论(Conclusions)\"表达清楚。如有可能,还应尽量提一句论文结果和结论的应用范围和应用情况。也就是说,要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题:

1) 本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?)

2) 解决问题的方法及过程(How I did it?)

3) 主要结果及结论(What results did I get and what conclusions can I draw?)

4) 本文的创新、独到之处(What is new and original in this paper?)

英文摘要各部分的写作

英文摘要的写作并没有一成不变的格式,但一般来说,英文摘要是对原始文献不加诠释或评论的准确而简短的概括,并要求它能反映原始文献的主要信息。

1.目的(What I want to do?)

主要说明作者写作此文的目的,或本文主要解决的问题。一般来说,一篇好的英文摘要,一开头就应该把作者本文的目的或要解决的主要问题非常明确地交待清楚。

2.过程与方法(How I did it?)

主要说明作者主要工作过程及所用的方法,也应包括众多的边界条件,使用的主要设备和仪器。在英文摘要中,过程与方法的阐述起着承前启后的作用。开头交待了要解决的问题(What I want to do)之后,接着要回答的自然就是如何解决问题(How I did it),而且,最后的结果和结论也往往与研究过程及方法是密切相关的。

3.结果和结论(What results did I get and what conclusions can I draw?)

结果和结论部分代表着文章的主要成就和贡献,论文有没有价值,值不值得读者阅读,主要取决于你所获得的结果和所得出的结论。因此,在写作结果和结论部分时,一般都要尽量结合实验结果或仿真结果的图、表、曲线等来加以说明,使结论部分言之有物,有根有据;同时,对那些看不懂中文的英文读者来说,通过这些图表,结合英文摘要的说明就可以比较清楚地了解论文的结果和结论。也只有这样,论文的结论才有说服力。

4.如何提高英文摘要的文字效能

为了提高文字效能,应尽量删去所有多余的字、句。

5.关于英文摘要的句法

三个一般原则:

1) 尽量用短句(use short sentences)。

2) 描述作者的工作一般用过去时态(因为工作是在过去做的),但在陈述由这些工作所得出的结论时,应该用现在时态。

3) 一般都应使用动词的主动语态,如:写成A exceeds B比写成B is exceeded by A更好。

范文

将下面这篇约500词的原文按要求写成约150词的摘要。

原文:

原文:

How New York Became America\'s Largest City

In the 18th century New York was smaller than Philadelphia and Boston.Today it is the largest city in America.How can the change in its size and importance be explained?

To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography,history,and economics.Together these three will explain the huge growth of the most famous city in America.

The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily populated areas in this region are around seaports.At these points materials from acro the sea enter the United States,and the product of the land are sent there for export acro the sea.

Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into finished goods.That is why seaports often have cities nearby.But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers.Their development did not happen simply by chance.

About 1815,when many Americans from the east coast had already moved toward the west,trade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem.The slow wagons of that time,drawn by horses or oxen,were too expensive for moving heavy freight very far.Americans had long admired Europe\'s canals.In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem.From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way acro the state to the Hudson River there is a long strip of low land.Here the Erie Canal was constructed.After several years of work it was completed in 1825.

The canal produced an immediate effect.Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what had been.New York City,which had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston,quickly became the leading city of the coast.In the years that followed,transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to routes on the Miiippi River.Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the Miiippi.

The coming of the railroads made canal shipping le important,but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country.It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas.

Exports from New York were greater than imports.Consequently,shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with paengers on the return trip from Europe.Paengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.

Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries.Many of these people remained in the city.Others stayed in New York for a few weeks,months,or years,and then moved to other parts of the United States.For these great number of new Americans New York had to provide homes,goods,and services.Their labor helped the city be come great.

摘要

How New York Became America\'s Largest City

New York was once smaller than Philadelphia and Boston,but now it is America\'s largest city because of geography,history and economics.

New York was located at the seaport where materials were imported to the US and the products of the US were sent abroad acro the sea.The city was further developed when the Erie Canal was completed in 1825.This linked Lake Erie to New York via the Hudson River and the cost of transporting goods to those who had settled inland was cut down.In addition,the Great Lakes were soon linked to the Miiippi.Later,railroads tied New York closer to the central states,whose goods were exported via New York.Fewer goods were imported,so cheap paages were available from Europe.New York became the main port for receiving Europeans,many of whom stayed in the city and helped it become great.

推荐第9篇:英语应用文写作

应用文写作

1. 应用文的重要性:日常生活中常用,考试能够合理测量学生的语言水平,阅卷相对来说较方便。阅卷教师只需掌握评分的标准和套路即可,因此考前必须予以充分重视和训练。

2. 应用文的主要种类。

应用文的种类主要包括感谢信, 祝贺信, 致歉信, 慰问信, 介绍信, 邀请信, 家信, 建议信, 询问信, 投诉索赔信等十几种书信。除书信外,还有很多实用文体。如日程安排、报告、解说词、演讲稿、观后感、个人情感或经历描述。这些写作方法和技巧有很强的时代性,标准性和可操作性,透彻的了解和掌握应用文各种文体的写作不但对您在校的学习和生活有很大的实用性,而且对您以后的工作和生活也有很高的参考价值.

书信

书信写作的五点要求

1、开门见山说意图

2、咨询/ 建议

1、

2、3

3、不同内容可分段

4、感谢客气不可少

5、期待回信成老套

书信题的写作方法:

(一)信封格式:

名字、信箱、地域范围由小到大,写在右下角(与我们相反)。

(二)信纸格式:

 日期:背月份的缩写

 (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December)

称呼(后面的标点是逗号):Dear Sir or Madam, To whom it may concern, 正文:空4个字节或者顶格写,段与段之间空行)

签名:sincerely yours

(三)开头段:

1、告知对方你的身份(假如对方不认识你)

2、问候收信人(假如他/她是你的朋友)

3、解释写信的原因

1、告知对方你的身份

(假如对方不认识你)

 Dear Sir/ Mr.Prometheus,

 I was a student at your college, enrolled in Philosophy Department.

 / I am a… at your…

 / I am a … at your college, enrolled in the… course.

 / My name is…, I am…

2、问候收信人

(假如他/她是你的朋友)

 Dear Prometheus,

Hello / Hi.How are you? / I hope everything is fine./ How are things going

with you?

/ How are you getting on in / getting along with…..?

3、解释写信的原因

 (1)致谢:

 / I am greatly indebted to you for (the double) you have done on my behalf.

 / Thank you for your letter about studying in Canada.

 / I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for…

 / I would like to thank you most sincerely for…

 (2)抱怨:

 I am writing to complain about the poor service at your dining-room.

 / I am writing to expre my diatisfaction with / at…

 / I wish to make a complaint about…

 / I am writing to draw your attention to….

 / I am afraid I have got a complaint about….

 (3)致歉:

 / I am writing to you because I am unable to….

 / I am terribly sorry that….

 / I would like to expre my apologies for not being able to….

 (4)询问:

 I would like to obtain /request/seek/inquire about some information about…

 I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain eential

information regarding the following aspects.

 / I would like

 (5)邀请

 表示 “若你没有其他安排,请光临…”

If you have no other plans for Wednesday,April 8…,will you come to a little

informal dinner here at my home?

I hope that you have no previous engagement and can join us for the English

Evening at 7 on February 1st.

We should be very pleased if you could honor us with your company.

I’ll expect you at that time unle l hear from you to the contrary.

 (6) 祝贺

 表示 “欣闻佳音,谨表祝贺。”

Permit me to present my congratulations to you upon your recent official

promotion.

Allow me to present my hearty congratulations on your elevation to the post of...

(四)结尾段:

1、发出请求

2、提供帮助

3、再次表示歉意或感激

4、期盼回信:R.S.V.P.1、发出请求

 (1)Please give this matter your immediate attention.

 (2)I would very much appreciate it if……as soon as poible.

(3)Please render me some valuable advice which is conductive to my final decision.

2、提供帮助

 (1)I hope these……will be helpful, and please feel free to contact me for more

information.

 (2)……will be taking responsibility for you and if you should need any aistance,

she/he will be pleased to

3、再次表示歉意或感激

 (1)Thank you for your kind aistance.

 (2)Please accept my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude, now and always.

(3)I am sorry that I cannot……, and trust that you will understand.

 (4)In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenience I may have caused.

(5)I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.

(6)Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.

4、期盼回信:R.S.V.P.

 (1)I look forward to your prompt response.

 (2)Looking forward to a prompt reply,

(3)I expect to hear from you very soon.

范文

询问信

You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books.Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:

1)detailed information about the books you want,

2)methods of payment,

3)time and way of delivery.

To whom it may concern,

I’m writing this letter to inquire about the English reference books I need for preparing for the entrance exams for graduate schools.Since I want to lay a solid foundation for English, I’m especially interested in grammar and vocabulary books.

As far as the means of payment are concerned, I wonder if I can mail you the money through the post office.As you know, this is the most convenient way for me.

Could you tell me how many days it will take the books to reach me? What’s more, if you can mail me the books, I’ll be much grateful.

Thank you for your consideration and I’m looking forward to your reply.(118 words)

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

求职信

June 17th, 2006

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am responding to your advertisement in China Daily on June 10th, 2006, which invites applications for interpreters.Enclosed with this letter is my resume which details my background.

I believe that I am the best candidate for this position.In the first place, I have been studying for four years in Beijing Foreign Studies University, one of the most prestigious language schools in China, which has provided me with a desirable command of English skills.In the second place, I have taken part in a number of social activities in the past years, which have helped cultivate my team-spirit and creativity.Besides, I have attended training courses for interpretation and have obtained related certificates.Last but not least, I have worked as a part-time interpreter, so I am well prepared for this job.

I would treasure the chance and exert every effort to do a good job if I had the luck to be provided with the position.Besides, I shall be much obliged if you will afford me an opportunity for an interview, and I appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience.

Thank you for considering this application.

邀请信

Directions: Suppose you are the dean of the History Department, Peking University.You want to invite Profeor Herb Jason, a well-known scholar of Chinese history, to come to attend an international conference on Chinese history.You’ll cover the following points:

1.The purpose of the invitation

2.The time and place of the conference

3.Ask him a favor of presenting a lecture to your students during his stay

Write your letter in no le than 150 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead.You do not need to write the addre.

Dear Profeor Herb Jason,

I am Li Ming, dean of the History Department, Peking University.I am writing to invite you to participate in an international convention that is to be held in Beijing from 22th to 25th, July, 2007.

Since your visit in Beijing last year, all the teachers that attended your lecture have been deeply impreed with your thorough knowledge and profound understanding of the subject.We would be pleased if you could come, as our guest of honor, to the International Conference on Chinese History, If poible, would you please deliver a speech on whatever subject that interests you.Enclosed in this letter is a time schedule for the event.You would, of course, receive our standard honorarium to cover traveling and other expenses.When you arrive in Beijing, I will certainly meet you at the airport.

Please let me know your date of arrival if you can come and tell us when you can make the trip.If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to contact me.Look forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,Li Ming

感谢信

Directions: Write a letter of thanks according to the following situation.Once you were ill and were hospitalized for a few weeks in the Chaoyang Medical Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province.During your stay the entire staff were kind to you.When you came back home, you wrote them a letter of thanks.

Dear Sir/Madam,

I’m writing to extend my heartfelt thanks to all the nurses and doctors in your hospital.

Last month, while I was on a busine trip in Taiyuan, Shanxi province, I suffered from a bad cold and a fever, so I was sent to Ward Rom 201, Chaoyang Medical Center.During my stay at hospital, nurses on duty patiently took my temperature, regularly examined my body, and often fed meals to me.In addition, doctors prescribed me the most effective drugs and gave the best medical advice.Thanks to the constant care from the hospital staff, I recovered quickly.Now that I have returned home, the excellent service of your hospital still imprees me.I believe that as patient, I have received the most profeional treatment and the most considerate care.

Please allow me to convey my sincere greetings toward the doctors and nurses that contribute all their efforts, patience and energy to their patients.Nothing can expre my gratitude except my best wishes to them.If you have anything that needs my help, please don’t hesitate to contact me.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

书信

 1.朋友之间联络建议类

 2.部门机构投诉与意见类

朋友类

 1.表示很高兴收到对方来信

 2.直接针对对方的询问提出自己的建议

 3.分析你给出建议的原因

 4.在采纳和执行你的建议时需注意些什么?

 5.表示盼望对方随时与你联系并盼望尽快收到对方的来信。

Templet

1.Dear ___,

Pleased to receive your letter of (对方来信时间),and thank you for your season’s greetings.

2.As for ___ you asked me in your last letter, I’d like to suggest ___.

3.① By___, you can not only___, But also ____.

② Not to mention that ____。

4.① Therefore, in order to___, you’d better ___.

② As for ____, you should ___.

③ Meanwhile,____.

④ Last but not the least, ___.

5.①Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have other questions.

② Looking forward to hearing from you soon.

③ Sincerely yours

A letter to a Schoolmate

Dear Xiao Wang,

Pleased to receive your letter of June 26, and thank you for your season’s greetings (用作圣诞问候语).

As for your one week holiday arrangement you asked me in your last letter, I’d like to suggest you visit some famous places of interests in Beijing, such as the Palace Museum and the Great Wall.By visiting these places, you can not only enjoy yourself, but also get to know more histories about Beijing.

Not to mention that you will find Beijing develops so fast.

Therefore, in order to have a good time, you’d better remember a few points.As for a better holiday you should take a pair of comfortable shoes.Meanwhile, remember to take your student card with you.Last but not least, take care of yourself on the trip.

Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have other questions.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Sincerely yours,Zhang Ying

投诉意见类-公文

 1.表明身份,提出要求

 2.指出对方问题所在

 3.针对上述问题提出建议和意见,并说明原因

 4.提出希望,

1.Dear ___,

This letters comes to youfrom ___.

In it, Some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon.

2.As you know, ___.(谈论的对象)But unfortunately, ___ (不好的方面)

____(例一)

Besides, ___ (例二)

What’s more,____(例三)

3.According to those mentioned above, I strongly recommend that ___.

The reason for this is obvious.

Only when ____ can we ____.

4.To be brief, though a bit diatisfied with ___, I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solve the problems there.

Thank you for your attention/time.

Faithfully yours, ___.

A letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus

Dear Mr.President,

This letter comes to you from one of your students.In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon.

As you know, students are the main customers of the university canteen.But

unfortunately, we don’t find the service there is satisfying sometimes.The food tastes very bad.Besides, the canteen is always dirty.And what’s more, the fare is too high.

According to those mentioned above, I strongly recommend that the workers of canteen should improve their service quality.The reason for this is obvious.Only when we have good meals can we study harder.

To be brief, though a bit diatisfied with the present canteen conditions, I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solve the problems there.

Thank you for your attention.

Faithfully yours,

Li Ming

推荐第10篇:英语应用文写作

考试大纲要求的写作的内容有:

1)日常题材的短文

2)填写个人资料表单

3)填写业务表单

4)名片、贺卡、通知等

5)便条、邀请函及回函

6)个人简历

7)简短私人信函

8)简短业务信函

9)简短传真和电子邮件

10)简短广告

11)简短产品与厂家介绍

12)简短产品维护及使用说明

13)合同

写作要求用汉语提示,因而,在一定程度上,这种写作也是一种翻译过程。在平时的训练中,要多记一些各种体裁的写作格式和固定套话。

Part V Writing (25分)

评分原则:采用总体评分方法,阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分,而不是按语言的错误数目扣分。从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。

应注意的问题:

A.要卷面工整、字迹清楚。

B.格式必须正确,否则只能得及格分。 C.要得高分必须要有高、难句型和词汇。 D. 条理性强,结构清晰;符合字数要求。 2.评分标准:(分为5个分数段)

A.5分 – 条理不清,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。 B.10分 – 基本切题,表达思想不清楚,连贯性差,有较多的严重语言错误。

C.15分 – 基本切题,有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯,语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。

D.20分 – 切题,表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误

E.25分 – 切题,表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。

如何写好作文

A.思路开阔,用词灵活,用不同的词表示相同的意思 B.写作时要使用过渡词和短语表示连接、转折、特殊说明、强调,顺序,等等:

C.如果想得高分,句子结构要复杂一些,定语可用分词短语或定语从句;多用状语从句、固定短语等结构:

D.多背范文及套话,争取更高的分数。 E.先打草稿或大纲,保持卷面干净整洁。

1. 一般开头句型

I’m writing to… 开门见山的开头模式 I’m writing to inform you that… (通知类型) I’m writing to seek your aistance in … (请求类型)

I’m writing in response to your advertisement in … (回应类型) I’m writing to expre my views on … (建议类型) I’m writing to apply for the scholarship that your department offers to students from other countries.(申请类型) I’m writing to see if it is poible for you to provide me with information regarding… (咨询类型) I’m writing to expre my disappointment/ diatisfaction about… (投诉类型) 2.感谢类句型

thank-gratitude-grateful-appreciate 的多种变体 I’m most grateful to you for your…

I’m writing this letter to expre my sincere gratitude for… I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks for… I feel greatly indebted to you for…

I’m writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me… But for your kind aistance, I would have … I must thank you again for your generous help。 Please accept my deepest gratitude。 3.

道歉类句型

sorry-apologize-apology的多种变体 I feel really sorry to you for… I must apologize to you for…

I would like to expre my deepest apology / regret for not being able to … Had I …, I would have…。

Please accept my sincere apology for…

I want you to know how badly I feel about… 4.

一般结尾句型

Any favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.(申请/求职) We should be very pleased if you could honor us with your presence.(邀请函) Best wishes for your greater succe in your career.(祝愿) Thank you for your patience and concern in reading this letter.I hope this does not cause you too much inconvenience.I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience。(套话组合)

1.投诉信模板

Dec.30th, 2.11 Dear_______,

I am .(自我介绍) I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_______.

The reason for my diatisfaction is _________(总体介绍).In the first place,__________(抱怨的第一个方面).In addition, ____________(抱怨的第二个方面).Under these circumstances, I find it ___(感觉) to __________(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).

I appreciate it very much if you could___________(提出建议和请求), preferably __________(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ______(设定解决事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming Dear _____________ ,

I am ________(写信人身份)。②I venture to write you a letter about_________(抱怨内容)。

③The focus of the complaint is _________(抱怨内容的核心)。④For one thing, ___________(抱怨内容的一个方面)。⑤For another, _____________(抱怨内容的另一方面)。⑥ Honestly speaking, _____________(客观的评论)。⑦But _________(抱怨产生的原因)。

⑧All in all, There is still much room for improvement.⑨Before I take any further action, I do hope _________(表达本人的愿望)。⑩Thank you for your time and kind consideration.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

投诉信常用语

1) 有礼貌地说明所犯错误或指出问题

1.I am writing to complain about--- 2.I write to expre my concern/diatisfaction about 3.I would like to expre my disappointment about--- 4.We have received your (invoice/consignment)

5.With reference to your invoice of--- I must point out--- 6.According to---, the correct figure is--- 7.On checking the goods, we discovered that 200 radios were miing.8.Your invoice states that the consignment contains radios, but in fact ...2) 要求对方采取措施

1.I will appreciate anything you can do to help me 2.I trust you will take my complaint seriously.3.I would, however, be perfectly satisfied if you would

kindly replace the item or refund my money, whichever is more convenient.4.We should be obliged if you could investigate these matters.5.We should be thankful if you could give us a refund for the faulty goods.6.We shall appreciate very much if you could replace the damaged goods by Tuesday.3) 期盼对方回复

1.I look forward to hearing from you soon.2.I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience.3.I look forward to your early reply.

2.辞职信

Dear

,

I am writing to inform you about the decision to resign from my current position.There are a few factors involved.

First and foremost,

.Secondly, .Last but not least, .

I would like to take this opportunity to expre my gratitude for the rewarding experience that I have enjoyed during my employment.

I sincerely wish you could approve of my resignation, and I apologize in advance for any inconvenience thus caused.

Sincerely yours,

Li Ming 辞职信二

Dear

,

I am sure it will come as no surprise that I wish to resign my position as

.Though I have enjoyed working with you and other colleagues in the company / organization, there are a few reasons that force me to give up my current work.

For one thing, .For another, .Moreover / Besides / In addition, .

I appreciate the plenty of help and encouragement from you constantly, and I am very sorry for any inconvenience thus caused.I promise that I will stay through the next month to help you find

a replacement for my position.

Sincerely yours,

Li Ming 常用表达 : (1)I am writing to inform you of…

(2)Though having…, I, unfortunately, find that…

(3)First of all… Moreover…

(4)I apologize in advance for…

(5)I am sorry to inform you by this letter that Iplan to…

(6)The main reason is that…

(7)I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.

(8)I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation.

1、I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my… 我写信是要告诉您我决定从……辞职了。

2、I have accept an offer by another firm and have decided to tender my resignation.我意见接受另一个公司提供的职位,并且决定辞职。

3、My best wishes for the company’s continued growth.祝公司生意兴隆,蒸蒸日上。

4、Please feel free to contact me at any time if I can be of further aistance in helping with a smooth transition.如果我能为实现平稳的工作交接提供帮助,请随时联系我。

3.道歉信

Dear_____________ ,

①I am exceively sorry to say/tell yo that __________(直接说出道歉事由)。②Now, I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret.③Please accept my sincere apology.④I hope you will understand me and excuse me for _______(请求对方原谅的事由)。

⑤The reason for my delay/absence was that ________(过失的原因)。⑥I had no way out because__________自己当时的处境和情况。⑦Therefore it’s not in my power to_______ (过失导致的结果)。

⑧Naturally, I want to suggest _________(建议下次再实现愿望)。⑨I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me when and where you_______(约定下次见面的时间和地点)。⑩We may meet again and I hope to see you soon.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

4.感谢信

Dear _____________ ,

①I am now writing these few lines to expre my sincere thanks for _____________(感谢事由)。②I’d like you to know how much your_____ meant to me.③You have a positive genius for_________(对收信人某一方面的赞美).④I not only enjoyed _________, but also________.⑤I shall ever remember__________as one of the most___________in my life.

⑥I hope to have the opportunity of reciprocating.⑦I will fiil very honored and pleased if you__________(表达自己回报的心愿)。⑧I am looking forward to seeing you next time!

⑨I repeat my thanks again for your_____.⑩Please give my kind regards to your________.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming 英语感谢信常用语句:

Many thanks for your kind and warm help.⑫

I am greatly indebted to you for your help.⑬ Thank you for your generous hospitality.⑭

It was really exciting to get your New Year's card! ⑮

I'm sincerely grateful for all your help in finding me a place. ⑯ Your note of congratulations is deeply appreciated. ⑰ Thank you for doing so much to make my trip interesting. ⑱ Thank you for your kindne to have done me a favour.

⑲ On behalf of my whole family,I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for……

⑳ Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories,we will nurture them forever. ⑴ Thanks again for your kind help. ⑵ My true gratitude is beyond any words description. ⑶ Please accept my thanks,now and always.

5.求职信

Dear Sir or Madam,

I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in________(报纸名称)of________(广告发布时间).

Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a __________(工作名称).In the one hand,_________(第一个原因).On the other hand, _____________(另一个原因).

Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at ___________(电话号码)

Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

Dear_____________ ,

①I am applying for the position of _________(想申请的职务) advertised in______.②I majored in________(专业)。③My training in ________(接受过的培训) definitely meets your qualifications.④My complete resume is attached.

⑤I will graduate on ________(毕业时间)from _______(毕业院校)。⑥In addition to the required courses of my major, I have_________(除专业外,选修的课程)。⑦I also have some experience in___________(曾有过的社会工作经验)。⑧You will find me to be_______(请对方对自己有信心)。

⑨May I have a personal interview at your convenience? ⑩I can be reached by telephone。

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

常见求职及申请信的导语句型:

1.I am writing to apply for ...

2.I wish to apply for the post mentioned in your advertisement in Beijing Daily of March 21. 3.I am writing to expre my interest in ... 4.I am writing to formally request ...

5.I should like to apply for the job advertised in yesterday\'s newspaper.

6.Your advertisement for a sale manager in … has impreed me.I feel I can fill that vacancy … 7.The requirements outlined in your advertisement makes me confident that I am qualified for the position.

8.I am writing in response to your advertisement for the position of …

9.It is with considerable interest that I enclose my resume in response to your … advertisement for a Human Resources Manager. 表示信心、能力或兴趣的方式:

1.I feel that similar contributions might be made to your firm as well.

2.I feel that, with my overall qua1ifications and desire, I could contribute significantly to your company.

3.I feel that I can make a strong contribution to your company.

4.I would appear to have excellent qualifications for this position ...

5.I feel confident that I can provide the kind of leadership that you are seeking for.

6.I am convinced that my interest together with my academic background and working experiences will make me better qualified in applying a course of a higher level. 在信尾表达进一步联系的愿望,表示感谢的方式:

1.After you have reviewed the enclosed curriculum vitae, I would appreciate an opportunity to discu how I may contribute to your department.

2.I would be pleased to have the opportunity to interview with ... 3.I would appreciate the opportunity to discu how I might further contribute to your ...

4.Thank you again and I look forward to hearing from you shortly.

5.I am very interested in this position and would appreciate the opportunity to further discu during a face-to-face interview. 6.Thank you for you consideration.

7.Thank you again and I am looking forward to hearing from you. 8.I would appreciate it if you could contact me as soon as poible.If there is anything further I could add to a review of my qualifications or goals, please do not hesitate to call.I hope to hear from you soon.

6.询问信

Dear ______,

I am __________(自我介绍).I am writing to see if it is poible for you to provide me with information regarding_______.(要询问的内容)

First of all, what are __________?(第一个问题) Secondly, when will_________?(第二个问题) Thirdly, is ________?(第三个问题)

I would also like to inquire _________(将最重要的问题单独成段).Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects?

Thank you for you kindne, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.

Li Ming 必背模版句型

I wonder if you could tell me the information about…… I am writing for the information about……

I would be forever grateful if you could send me information concerning……

I would like to know whether you can provide me with information regarding……

I wish to request materials for……

I’d very much appreciate your advice on such matters as how to contact the officers who would be willing to aist……

Would you be so kind to tell me……? I look forward to your immediate response.Your attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.I am waiting for your quick reply.Thank you in advance for your cooperation/aistance. I am writing to ask for information about.

7.祝贺信

Dear_____________,

①I have learned with delight that you_________(祝贺事由)。②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on______.③ you must be________.④ And I feel very happy for you.

⑤______(所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news! I know this is surely owing to _________(被祝贺人过去的努力).⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your__________(被祝贺人的优点)。

⑧Kindly let me know when you________(咨询对方何时有空).⑨I hope ________(表达自己的愿望).⑩My best wishes for your further succe.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming Dear

Congratulations on your

.I know how hard you have been working and I am very proud of you for your achievement.

I understand for sure that it is your hard work / your excellent ability that leads you to the current succe.This new position, on the other hand, adds a new dimension to your life and is bound to

.What’s more, I also believe that

.

May all goes beautifully in your new post!

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming Dear

Good news travels fast! It was delightful for me to hear that

.Please accept my sincere congratulations to your

.I have been watching your progre with admiration all the years, and I know more than anyone else how much effort you have put in.Now you prove to me a matured and well-rounded in every respect.Judging from your current succe / achievement, I am confident that in the future

.May all the years ahead fulfill your dreams!

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

必背模版句型

① Congratulations,all of us feel proud of your remarkable achievements!

② I am so pleased and happy to hear that……

③ I write to congratulate you upon……

④ I offer you my warmest congratulations on your……

⑤ We are just as proud as can be of you and send our congratulations.⑥ I wish you still further succe!

⑦ We look forward to bragging about you in the years ahead.

⑧ Please accept our most sincere congratulations and very best wishes for all the good future in the world.

1、Heartfelt congratulations on… 真心祝贺……

2、Congratulations, all of us feel proud of your remarkable achievements! 祝贺你,我们都为你所取得的巨大成就感到骄傲。

3、I am so happy to hear that… 听到……我真的非常高兴。

4、I write to congratulate you upon… 我写信来祝贺你……

5、I offer you my warmest congratulations on your… 对于你的……我表示热烈的祝贺。

6、I wish you still further succe! 预祝你取得更大的成功!

7、We look forward to bragging about you in the years ahead.我们希望在未来的岁月中能骄傲地谈起你。

8、Please accept our sincerest congratulations and very best wishes for all the good future.谨向你表示由衷的祝贺和美好的祝福。

9、Congratulations to you on being awarded the prize/getting the scholarship.祝贺你荣获此奖项、获得奖学金。

10、May lasting happine and joy be yours/with you forever.愿幸福和欢乐永远伴随你!

11、I take pride in your achievements and would like to avail myself of this opportunity to extend my best wishes for your succe.对你取得的成就我深感自豪,我愿借此机会对你的成功表示由衷的祝贺。 Dear Sir,

As I am _________(介绍自己), I feel that it is my obligation to make some suggestions concerning _______。(建议的方面)

Generally speaking, __________________ is in a satisfying environment and is well-equipped.However, there are two unpleasant aspects that cause inconvenience to us: 1) ______ 2) ______.

I would be more than happy if my proposal could be considered and positive changes take place in these regards。

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming 8.建议信

常用句型

1.I‘d like to suggest that you can give me a prompt response. 2.May I suggest that you can… 3.I wish…

4.I really hope that… 5.What about… ? 6.How about… ?

7.My suggestions are as follows.

8.It is my pleasure to offer you some advice on…

9.If you could take what I suggest seriously, you would…

10.When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you can…

9.邀请信

Dear_____________,

①_____________(开门见山提出事件/活动、地点、时间).②It would be pleasant/honored to have you here.

③During the party/conference, we will have lots of activities you will be interested in.④First, __________(要举行的活动内容一).⑤Second, _______(要举行的活动内容二).

⑥I know/believe that you will be very interested in_________.⑦First/For one thing, _________(受邀请人参加的理由一).⑧Second/For another, _______(受邀请人参加的理由二).⑨The conference/party would not be complete without you!

⑩The party/conference will begin at 时间and we do hope you can come.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming 常用开头用语

I am writing to invite you to…

I would like to see your presence at…

I think it would be a good idea if you could participate in… I wonder if you could come… I would like you to come…

How would you like to join us in…?

常用结尾用语

My family and I would feel honored if you could come.

We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision.I really hope you can make it.

Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come?

10.证明信

◆常用句式:

1、This is to certify that…特此证明……

2、I hereby certify that…特此证明……

3Mr.Li Ming had fulfilled all the requirements prescribed by the syllabus of the Department.李明同学达到了院系教学大纲规定的所有要求。

4Mr.Li proved himself to be a diligent and valuable employee through hard work.李先生通过努力证明自己确实是一名勤勉、有价值的员工。

5、With his friendly manners and loyalty he perfectly fitted into our team.他的友善和忠诚使他很好地融入了我们的团队。

6、Mr.Li had no problem adjusting to the work in your company.李先生会很快适应贵公司的工作的。

7、Mr.Li will surely prove adequate to the job in your company.李先生绝对会证明自己能胜任这项工作。

推荐信

Dear Sir or Madam,

It is with great pleasure that I recommend to you Li Ming, an outstanding graduate majoring in Busine Administration。

I have been in charge of Mr.Li’s cla since they were freshmen, so I know him well.He is courteous, sincere and hardworking.He took several courses in computer science, which strengthened his administration ability.And also his excellent communication ability and good command of English add a lot to his managerial skills。

I believe Mr.Li’s education and character undoubtedly qualify him to serve as an administrator in your company.I recommend him without reservation and believe you will find him a helpful and responsible staff member。

Sincerely yours,

Wang Hua

1、It is with a great pleasure that I recommend to you…

很高兴向您推荐……

2、It affords me much pleasure to recommend … to you。

很高兴向您推荐……

3、With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend … as an ideal candidate。

根据贵方的要求,我毫无保留地向您推荐……作为理想人选。

4、Therefore, without any hesitation I recommend … as the right person for you consideration。

因此,我毫不犹豫地向您推荐……作为合适人选。

5、Therefore, I here recommend … to you with all my heart 因此,我在此衷心向您推荐……

6、Should you favor him with a position in your company, I am sure that his future conduct will prove worthy of your confidence。

如果您能给他在贵公司任职的机会,我保证他今后不会让您失望。

7、I believe his education and character undoubtedly qualify him to serve as an administrator in your company。

相信他的学识和人品一定会使他成为贵公司合格的管理人员。

8、I would be most grateful if you would consider my recommendation and kindly offer him/her…

如果您考虑我的推荐,并为他/它提供……,我将万分感激。

9、I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest poibly moment。 希望尽早收到您的回复。

10、If you have any further questions regarding his ability or this recommendation, please do not hesitate to contact me。 Contributions 征稿启示

To provide it with more and better English writings, we’d like to ask for contributions from readers from all walks of life.we welcome college students, foreign learners, foreign students and foreign friends to contribute.The writing can be: 1.A short story

2.interesting things happened around you.Your composition will not be over 500 words.Here is our communication addreand email: Wang Ping, Binhai everning Zip code: 230034 E-mail:

Contributions wanted

Published on 15th every month, our newspaper mainly serves our company staff.We welcome contributions of all forms.The writing can be: 1.report on all departments 2.opinions and suggestions on productions, sales and products spreading.3.spare time lives of company staffs.4.others

Your compositions will not be over 1000 words.Contributions in English are required to be typed .if not adopted, contributions will be returned to the authors in 3 months.Here is our communication addre:

第11篇:英语应用文写作

英语应用文写作范文

篇1:英语应用文写作范文精选

应用文写作范文精选

感谢信范文:

To Whom It May Concern, As a student of this university, I would like to take the opportunity to expre my appreciation for your kind aistance as always.Meanwhile, I feel that it would be beneficial to expre my views concerning the quality of the library service. In the first place, I find that most keyboards of the library computers are in poor operation, which brings much inconvenience to the users.I would also recommend the library to improve the efficiency of purchasing new books and subscribing to academic journals.Last but not least, the study rooms need to be furnished with a better lighting system. I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 申请信范文1:

Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for the position of busine manager you advertised in yesterday’s China Daily. To briefly introduce myself, I am a graduate student of Peking University majoring in busine administration, and expect graduation this June.Not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also poe the rich experience of aisting management staff of several renowned international companies, such as KPMG and Microsoft.My interactive personal skills and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post.For further information, please refer to my attached resume. I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 申请信范文2:

Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to expre my great interest in the “Olympic Volunteer Recruitment” launched recently by the Beijing Olympic Committee, and I would like to apply as a qualified candidate. As I am an English major, my fluency in both Mandarin and English, as well as my basic command of French, guarantees that I meet the language requirement for the various volunteer positions.More importantly, I have been an enthusiastic participant in many international exchange programs—which are reflected in my attached resume—and therefore, I believe my communication skills make me competent for such a post. Should you grant me an interview, I would be most grateful. Yours truly Li Ming 求职信范文:

Dear Mr.Wang, I am a computer science major from Peking University, and I am writing in response to your advertisement for recruiting a software programmer intern posted on our university BBS yesterday.I hope I can take the job. The main reason for my confidence in this position lies in both my extensive academic training in software programming, and my work experience in the relevant industry which has further polished my abilities.Moreover, I have much spare time this semester, which can ensure my time commitment for the internship.Please find more details in my enclosed resume. Thank you for your time and patience, and I would greatly appreciate it if you could grant me an interview. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 道歉信范文:

Dear Prof.Patent, I am very sorry to inform you that I did not manage to complete the book report you aigned last week, due to a sudden illne falling upon me a few days ago.For the past few days I have been in hospital with a continuous fever, which has thus prevented me from any academic activity.I hereby submit the doctor’s note. I would be very much obliged if you could grant me another week for the task, as my health is turning better. Hope you can understand my situation and accept my apology. Yours faithfully, Li Ming 感谢信范文:

Dear Mr.and Mrs.Smith, I am now back to China safe and sound.In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you and your lovely children for your kindne and hospitality to host me when I was in New York.Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory. I do hope that your whole family pay a visit to China in future, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your friendship.I aure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home. I feel obliged to thank you once more. Love, Li Ming

祝贺信范文:

Dear Jason, I am much delighted to learn that you have been elected the Chairman of our University Students’ Union.This is a special and happy moment for you and I am very proud of your achievement. The Students’ Union plays an eential role in our campus life.Managing and leveraging such an organization not only poses a great challenge to you, but will also fundamentally enhance your ability comprehensively.I believe this position will be a new beginning, and a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career. Please accept my most sincere congratulations! Best wishes, Li Ming

通知范文:

Notice There is going to be a lecture, titled “Acro Cultures: Digital Media and Literate Activity”, in the meeting room of the English Department from 9:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.on Monday, July 11th.The lecture will be given by Profeor Robert Johnson, who is from the Department of English Literature of University of Pennsylvania.Profeor Johnson is known for his unique probing of the many connections between literate activity and new information technologies.He will present, in his humorous style, the relation he found between culture and technological development, which you surely will enjoy very much. All the teachers and students are welcome to attend this lecture.

English Department 篇2:英语应用文写作模板汇总

应 用 文 写 作

书信写作的五点要求:

1. 开门见山说意图。

2. 详细内容

1、

2、3 3. 不同内容要分段

4. 感谢祝愿不可少

5. 期盼回复成老套

学生真实范文:

Dear President: I’m liming.I’m a student in Grade Three. Today, I’m writing to you a letter, my dear, dear president.Our college has ten campuses,( but the same food in different campus) the food same, the price no same.The price is so black.Please tell me why different.The word on the menu too small to read.So we ask cooker what we eat today.At last, I love my university, I love you too.So I write you this letter. No response, I’ll write again and again. 对比范文

Dear Mr.president, My name is Liming.I am a junior from the Chemical Science School.I write to talk about the canteen service on campus. I am sorry to tell you that there are many problems in our school.firstly, the quality of our food in our school is very bad, while the price is very high.As a result, many students prefer to have a food out of school.secondly, though the service of our canteen is good, the environment of our canteen is very bad.Many students threw about food and rubbish everywhere the wanted.It is very disgusting for us to dine in such environment.thirdly, our canteen is too small to provide us with enough seats.So everyday we spent much time in waiting to be served, which is a waste of time for us. Therefore, I think we should take some measures to deal with the problems.First, we should try our best to improve the quality of the food.Second, we should take measures to make the price medium.Last, we should send some students to make sure that our canteen is clean. I am sure our canteen will become better with our efforts.I am looking forward to seeing the change of our canteen. Yours, Li Ming 1.投诉信: expre/air diatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding/concerning/as regards the canteen/library/bookstore 正文:第二段

1. 改写提纲一:2句

2. 改写提纲二:2句

3. 改写提纲三:2句

第三段:2句

1.表示感谢:My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words; Words fail me when i wish to expre my sincere gratitude to you; I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind aistance you render me. 2.期待回信: I am looking forward to hearing from you soon; I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience; Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.正文写法小结:共写10句,首尾两段(4句话)是万能句。

落款:

1.结尾客套:Yours sincerely, 2.签名:Li Ming

The letter of Invitation Dec 4 ,2011 th Dear _____/To someone concerned, I am delighted to learn that_____.Several years has paed since________.In my opinion,____________.On the one hand,________.On the other hand,_________. As to the famous sites, I suggest_________________.It is not neceary for you to _____________.In addition,___________.I am sure__________________. Please inform me _____________.I am looking forward to seeing you soon.

Sincerely yours, Li Ming stndrdthJan 1 2 3 4 , Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Li min 批评信模版

A letter of Complaint Date____ Dear _____, My name is __________.I am ___________.I venture to write you a letter about ----------.The focus of the complaint is __________.For one thing __________.For another____________________. Honestly speaking,_________.篇3:英语应用文写作精品范文

2011考研英语应用文写作精品范文

一、投诉信参考范文 Directions: You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting.He/She has parties in the room and sometimes borrows your things without asking you. Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and: 1) ask for a new room next term, 2) you would prefer a single room, 3) explain your reasons. Don’t sign your own name at the end of your letter, using“Li Ming”instead. Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to expre/air diatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation.I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient. I must explain that the reason for my diatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.To solve this difficulty/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut, I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned.I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as poible. Yours sincerely, Li Ming (136 words)

(128 words) Directions: You want to apply for the following post/position: Waiter/waitre required for evening work.Write a letter: 1) show your interest, 2) describe your previous experience, 3) explain why you would be suitable for the job. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead. Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to expre my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitre.Enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous work experience and qualifications. Not only do my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate for the job, my personality is well suited to working as a waitre.I am a very friendly person who can quickly establish rapport with people of all ages. I would like to meet with you at your earliest convenience, to discu the poibility of working at your restaurant.Thank you for your consideration of my application.I look forward to meeting you in the near future. Yours sincerely, Li Ming (119 words)

Directions: You have a friend who is about to enter university, and he wants you to advise him on which subject to specialize in—history, in which he is very interested, or computer science, which offers better job prospects.1) Give your suggestions.2) Explain the reasons.3) Other recommendation. Dear Wangcai, You have asked me for my advice concerning/regarding whether you should study history or computer science at university, and I will try to make some useful/practical/conducive suggestions/proposals/recommendations. You must keep in mind that, above all, your university training is a preparation for your future career.There is no doubt that the field of computer science offers far wider job opportunities than history.Besides, for the foreseeable future, not only will it be neceary for everyone to be computer-literate, it will also be neceary to be equipped with computer skills merely to earn a living. Of course, I would recommend that you keep up your reading of history in your spare time. Yours sincerely, Li Ming (111 words)

Directions: You find your study load is too heavy.Write a letter to your college teacher: 1) you need to withdraw from two courses, 2) explain the reasons, 3) ask if it is poible to obtain a refund. Dear Profeor Shakespeare, I am writing to formally request to withdraw from two courses: Introduction to Elementary Education and Teaching Methods. The main reason for reducing my course load is that I am finding it extremely difficult to manage six courses.Because I really have to work part time, I have no other choice but to decrease my course load. I would also like to request a tuition refund.I am sorry for any inconveniences I have caused by this change in plans.This decision was not taken lightly, and I do appreciate the kind consideration you have shown to me.Thank you for your attention to these requests.If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me at 82036600.I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Ming (134 words)

Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually: 1) Invite them to the party. 2) Elaborate on the reason why such a party should be held.3) What activities will be arranged for them. Dear Xiaobao, I will hold a dinner party at my house on April 1, 2006 to celebrate Mr.Old Fish’s marriage with Mi Fujiwora.As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to participate in the celebration and share our joy. The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strau. If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company. Yours sincerely, Li Ming (118 words)

第12篇:英语应用文写作

Letters of application-1(for a scholarship)

61 Daizong Street

Tai’an, Shandong 271018

China

April 10, 2010

The World Bank

Attention: Scholarship Program

1919 World Trade Building

10 First Avenue

New York, NY 10001

U.S.A.

Dear Sirs:

I have recently heard that the World Bank is offering scholarship for those who are going to study languages at a university.I would like to have you send me an application form.

I received a score of 620 on TOEFL taken October 25, 2009, and would like to improve my English abilities by studying in an English university.Although my major is biochemistry, I want to improve my English well enough to translate recent Chinese research in my field into English for publication in the West.

Thank you for considering me.

Sincerely yours,

(signature)

Huang Houping

Letter of application-2 (for a position)

338E.44th St.

New York, NY 10017

U.S.A.

May 5, 2002

Profeor Li Bing

Department of English

Beijing Foreign Studies University

Beijing 100081

P.R.C.

Dear Profeor Li,

I am interested in teaching English in the People’s Republic of China.I am qualified to teach reading, writing and literature.An acquaintance of mine, Mr.Zhang Wei of your University suggested that I should write to you.

Presently, I work as a teaching aistant in a college in Los Angeles, California.My background is strong in the liberal arts, especially in the English language.I have got my Ph.D.degree in linguistics from university of Michigan.

Enclosed you will find a copy of my resume.Basically, I am interested in a position as a foreign language expert or as a teacher.

If you have any position available, please allow me to interview with you.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Respectfully yours,

Martin Lews

Encl.

Letter of application-3 (for further study)

Dept of Computer Science

Tsinghua University

Beijing 100084

P.R.C.

Feb.28, 2009

Profeor S.M.Smith

Computer Engineering Department

Maachusetts Institute of Technology

Cambridge, Ma, 02139

Dear Profeor Smith,

I am writing to you about the poibility of further studies in the field of Computer Engineering leading to the Ph.D degree at your institution.Would you please send me the neceary information and forms?

I am 25, male, majoring in computer science.I received my B.E.(Computer Science) in June 2005 and M.E.(Computer Science) in March 2008 from Tsinghua University in Beijing.I kept on ranking in the upper 5% of my undergraduate cla and graduate cla.I do believe that the doctorate-oriented study at your institution is of great help for my further study in the area of Computer Science.

I have taken the TOEFL Test (score 637) and GRE General Test (score 2170).I am going to take the GRE Subject Test on Computer Science this summer.

Thank you very much.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Sincerely yours,

Sensen Li

Encl.: resume

Letter of application-4 (for a part time job)

College of Life Science,

Shandong Agricultural University,

61 Daizong Street,

Tai’an 271018.

April 10, 2010

Dr.Wang Dequan,

Department of Pathology,

Tai’an Central Hospital,

Tai’an 271000.

Dear Dr.Wang,

I would like to apply for the position of part-time lab aistant that my organic chemistry instructor, Profeor Fang Jin-yi, told me about.I feel both my academic background and my work experience qualify me for this job.

I am presently a junior majoring Biological Science at Shandong Agricultural University.During the past years I have taken courses in biochemistry, cytology (细胞学) and physical chemistry.I have had experience in the laboratory and I am familiar with most basic procedures.Last summer I worked for the Provincial Drug Administration studying the effect of artificial sweeteners on rats.In this position, I prepared frozen sections and did computer correlations of study results.

After graduation I expect to apply to medical school and eventually become a pathologist.Working in your department would enable me to gain more insight into this field as well as contribute something to it.

I have enclosed a resume, and I will be available for an interview at your convenience.Sincerely yours

(signature)

Zhang Xi

Letter of application-5 (for a teaching job)

Toute 1, Box 19

Mound City

Kansas 66056

U.S.A.

April 10, 2010

Chair of Personnel Office

Shandong Agricultural University

61 Daizong Street

Tai’an 271018

China

Dear Sir:

I have heard from Dr.Joseph Thomas, Pittsburg University that your university wants English teachers to teach in Foreign Languages Department.I am interested in being considered for a teaching position in FLD for the 2010-2011 school year.

I graduated from Harris Teacher’s College in 1965, and have teaching experience for more than 40 years.I have

enclosed a copy of my resume, which will show my background.Dr.Thomas has offered to give you further information about me.

Thank you for considering this application.

Sincerely yours,

(signature)

Betty Jane Marcum

(Enclosure)

DATA SHEET

Name: Betty Jane Marcum

Addre: Route 1, Box 19, Mound City, Kansas, 66056, U.S.A.

Birth Date: January 18, 1940

Heath: Excellent, no allergies or handicaps

Education: Beaumont High School-Diploma, 1956

Harris Teacher’s College-B.A.Degree, ranked 2nd in graduating cla-1965

Post-graduate work-six hours at No.Univer./St.Louis 27 hours at Pitts.State Univer.

Certified to teach: Grades kindergarten through 12

All subjects-K-8

Biology 9-12

Teaching Experience: 1965-1966, St.Louis, Mo.-Grade 4

1966-1970-Overland, Mo.-grades 3-6

1970-1974, stayed home with my infant son

1974-present, U.S.D.346., Mound City, KS.

Subjects taught here:

High school Spanish

High school English

High school General Science

High school Biology

Twelfth grade Advance Placement Biology

Junior High (grade 7 and 8) General Science

Coached Jr.High boy’s track

Jr.High girl’s basketball

Advocate: Writing, radio broadcasting, reading, speaking

Family: Husband, George W.Marcum, Jr., Married 28 years

Daughter, Amy, age 27, married

Son, James, age 21, Completing his last year in college

References: Mr.Gary wimmer, Superintendent

U.S.D.346

Mound City, Kansas 66056

Mr.Dwayne Osborne, Principal

Jayhawk Linn High School

Box D

Mound City, Kansas 66056

Mr.Vanetta Sabine- (Friend of eight years)

Box 536

Pleasanton, KS 66075

Letter of application -6 (for a job)

Dear Mrs.Leer,

I am writing in response to your ad in the Austin American-Statesman for a Technical Writer/Intern.I have attached a copy of my resume for your interview.

During the past five yours, I have gained valuable experience in various types of technical writing, documentation, and graphic design.I have written technical specifications, government contracts, and white papers for International

Software Systems, Inc., in conjunction with several branches of the United States Army and Navy.I have also edited several ads that were published in major magazines for Object International (such as PC World, PC Weekly, and ORACLE).In my current position at Dell Computer Corporation, I have written and illustrated an employee handbook and documented and flowcharted several corporate procees (such as hiring procees, EMI procedures and flowchart maps for engineering reviews and checkpoints).

I am currently in proce of completing my Aociate Degree in Communication at Austin Community College.Once I achieve this degree, I plan to transfer to the University of Texas (at Austin) to complete a Bachelor’s Degree in Journalism.While my studies at UT have been invaluable to my career goals, your intern program provides an important element.I have been searching for employment opportunity like this one that combines my continuing education with practical experience in technical writing.

In the past, several team members from your organization have aisted me in completing projects on a contract basis.They were instrumental in enhancing documents and work reflected a strong sense of pride and profeionalism.Since these are the same busine ethics I strive for personally, I can think of no better learning environment than joining an organization such as yours.

I look forward to having the opportunity to further discu my qualifications with you.

Sincerely yours,Carol N.Brand

Enclosure: resume

A good example of memo

To:Dong Fang, Head Reference Librarian

From: Liu Jian, Reference Aistant

Subject: Implementing Open Shelves in the Reference

Section

Date:May 10, 2008

The purpose of this memo is to recommend a new shelving system for books in the reference section of our library.

Following are (1) a background statement, (2) a discuion of the new system, and (3) recommendations.

Background

Under the present system of closed shelves, students wishing to consult reference books must fill out a requisition slip, wait in line, give the requisition to a desk person, and wait some more time before receiving the desired book.This system is time-consuming, unwieldy, and ineffective.The result is that students do not like to use the reference facility of the library.

New System

I propose that we switch to an open-shelf system at once.The transition can be made simply by eliminating the desk that forms the front of the reference section.The fear of theft that some people have voiced could be eliminated by using the magnetic detection system that is already in place.The benefit of open shelves would be a reduction in personnel and free acce to a needed library resource.

Recommendations

To implement the open-shelf system we should proceed with the following changes:

1.1.Eliminate the front reference desk.

2.2.Maintain a central information desk.

3.3.Reaign all but two librarians who presently work at the front reference desk.

I am certain that these changes will do much to improve the service that this section of the library provides.

第13篇:应用文写作教案

海报和简报

教学目标:

1、知识与技能:了解海报和简报的写作格式,学写海报和简报。

2、过程与方法:通过练习提高应用文的写作能力。

3、情感态度与价值观:增强应用文的写作兴趣。教学重点:

了解会议记录的写作格式和记录的技巧,学写会议记录。 教学难点:

会写海报和简报。 教学方法:

指导法,展示法,练习法。 教学时间: 一课时。 教学过程:

一、写作要求

了解海报和简报的写作格式,学写海报和简报。

二、写作指导

(一)海报

海报是向广大人民群众预告临时性消息或活动时使用的招贴式应用文。多用于文艺演出、体育比赛、报告会等场合。

海报一般都会有标题、正文、插图和落款。 标题。一般是在纸的上方中间。

正文。活动的具体内容、时间、地点、参加方式、注意事项等,可以使用生动的语言。 插图。要考虑到正文和插图的比例及位置安排,做到布局新颖,图文并茂。 落款。正文的右下方写上主办单位组织的名称,最后写上日期。

(二)简报

简报是各级机关、企事业单位、人民团体编发的汇报工作、通报情况、交流经验的一种内部文件。

简报在格式上由报头、主体、报尾三部分组成。 1.报头。由“简报名称”“期数编号”“编印单位”“编印时间”四部分组成,占简报第一页的三分之一篇幅。

2.主体。包括标题和正文两部分。正文一般包括导语、主体和结尾三部分。 导语。用精辟的语言概括全文。

主体。运用具体事例、典型材料和确凿数据来说明中心问题。 结尾。用一段话对全文阐述的内容做一个概括、总结,加深印象。 3.报尾。位于简报最后一页下方,包括:报(指上级单位)、送(指平行或不相隶属的单位)、发(指下级单位)。

编写简报要做到材料准确,内容真实。其次,要求文字简洁,对事物做概括的反映。

三、例文展示

见课文164~165页。

四、写作练习完成课后练习二。

第14篇:应用文写作教案

应用文写作教案

导入语: “工作中、学习中、生活中经常需要写作, 所以写作是非学不可的,而且是非学好不可的„„ 大学毕业生,不一定要能写小说、诗歌,但一定要写应用文,而且非 写得既通顺又扎实不可。”-—— 叶圣陶 因而我们广大青年必须掌握一些应用文写作知识。

一、教学总目标

本课程旨在着重提高学生写作应用文能力,让学生明白应用文写作的重要性和必要性。

通过讲授与训练,学生能系统了解应用写作的基本知识,基本方法。能较熟练地掌握专科应用型人才所必备的应用写作技能,能写出主旨明确、详略得当,结构合理、语言得体、格式规范的常用经济应用文。 教学分目标

(一)

了解调查报告的定义、调查报告的特点和种类,熟悉调查报告的写作步骤,掌握问卷调查的结构、设计技巧,指导学生分析实地调查的数据,根据调查报告的写作要求写作调查报告。 教学分目标

(二)

了解发言提纲的定义、特点,掌握发言提纲的写作要求。 教学分目标

(三)

掌握申请书的格式和写作要求,了解通讯的定义、特点、种类及写法。

二、实施过程。

今天我们学习的内容有:

调查报告是对某项工作、某个事件、某个问题,经过深入细致的调查后,将调查中收集到的材料加以系统整理,分析研究,以书面形式向组织和领导汇报调查情况的一种文书。

调查报告有以下几个特点: (1)写实性。调查报告是在占有大量现实和历史资料的基础上,用叙述性的语言实事求是地反映某一客观事物。(2)针对性。调查报告一般有比较明确的意向,相关的调查取证都是针对和围绕某一综合性或是专题性问题展开的。(3)逻辑性。调查报告离不开确凿的事实,但又不是材料的机械堆砌,而是对核实无误的数据和事实进行严密的逻辑论证。调查报告的种类很多,常用的调查报告有几下几种:(1)基本情况调查

(2)经验性调查(3)问题调查 (4)揭露性调查 (5)述评性调查

调查报告一般由标题和正文两部分组成。

标题。标题可以有两种写法。一种是规范化的标题格式,即“发文主题”加“文种”,基本格式为“××关于××××的调查报告”、“关于××××的调查报告”、“××××调查”等。另一种是自由式标题,包括陈述式、提问式和正副题结合使用三种。

正文一般分前言、主体、结尾三部分。

1.前言。有几种写法:第一种是写明调查的起因或目的、时间和地点、对象或范围、经过与方法,以及人员组成等调查本身的情况,从中引出中心问题或基本结论来;第二种是写明调查对象的历史背景、大致发展经过、现实状况、主要成绩、突出问题等基本情况,进而提出中心问题或主要观点来;第三种是开门见山,直接概括出调查的结果,如肯定做法、指出问题、提示影响、说明中心内容等。前言起到画龙点睛的作用,要精练概括,直切主题。 2.主体。这是调查报告最主要的部分,这部分详述调查研究的基本情况、做法、经验,以及分析调查研究所得材料中得出的各种具体认识、观点和基本结论。

3、结尾。结尾的写法也比较多,可以提出解决问题的方法、对策或下一步改进工作的建议;或总结全文的主要观点,进一步深化主题;或提出问题,引发人们的进一步思考;或展望前景,发出鼓舞和号召。

(二)发言提纲

概念: 为了有条理地在某一场合把话讲好,根据事先考虑的讲话内容及其思路,把问题、核心要点及内容逐条拟出来而形成的文字叫发言提纲。 要求: 写作前,要认真考虑发言内容。先确定好谈几个问题,再考虑从哪几方面谈,分清重点和次要,突出重点。(2)提纲要繁简得当,不必写得太细,突出要点即可。(3)重要事例和必要数字要写入提纲,以免讲话时忘记。(4)写好提纲后,要检查一遍,有无遗漏或不妥,注意补充修改和熟悉。

(三)申请书

写申请书的目的是通过向上级或有关主管部门提出自己明确而具体的某种要求并申明理由,以期得到批准。

申请书的一般格式是:

(1)标题 包括事由和文件名称,如“入团申请书”。(2)正文 包括申请原因(含申请者有关方面的基本状况)、事项、理由和要求。(3)结尾 署明申请者和日期。写申请书,事项要明确,态度要积极,言辞要恳切,理由要充分。

(四)通讯

定义:通讯是运用多种表现手法比较详细而又深入报道国内外近期出现的具有新闻价值的典型人物、事件或典型经验的一种新闻文体。

特点:

1、新闻性。通讯反映的是新闻的真实。凡是进入通讯的内容,不允许任何虚构和“合理想象”。

评论性。通讯的作者,可以对他所报道的典型人物或事件直接发表评论,抒发感情,用自己的感情或见解加强对读者的影响。

文学性。通讯虽然不是文学作品,却可以也应该运用多种形象化的表述手法。还可以用比喻、象征等修辞方法,增强形象描述的逼真感和生动性。

种类:

按形式分为:一般通讯、新闻小故事、特写、速写、访谈录等。

按报道的内容分为:人物通讯、事件通讯、工作通讯、概貌通讯、主题通讯、小通讯。

写法:

(1)选好典型,开掘主题;

(2)写活人物,展现精神;

(3)结构灵活,手法多样;

(4) 记事生议,情理交融。 作业:

1、能了解计划的概念,种类,特点,写作格式和要求,能比较熟练的写出一份工作计划和总结。

2、了解通知和启事的基本知识,写出一则通知和一份《国庆特刊》征稿启事。

应用文写作教案

卫辉市上乐村镇第二中学

第15篇:应用文写作教案

会议记录

教学目标:

1、知识与技能:了解会议记录的写作格式和记录的技巧,学写会议记录。

2、过程与方法:通过练习提高应用文的写作能力。

3、情感态度与价值观:增强应用文的写作兴趣。教学重点:

了解会议记录的写作格式和记录的技巧,学写会议记录。 教学难点: 会写会议记录。 教学方法:

指导法、展示法、练习法。 教学时间: 一课时 教学过程:

一、写作要求:

了解会议记录的写作格式和记录的技巧,学写会议记录。

二、写作指导

记录是把有关的言论和现场发生的事情如实记下来的书面材料。记录的形式有会议记录、会谈记录、电话记录、谈判记报告记录、庭审记录、事故现场记录、课堂笔记等。

会议记录有三个基本特点:真实性、完整性、即时性。 一般会议记录的格式包括三部分。

1、会议的组织情况

这部分主要记录一下项目:会议名称,会议时间,会议地点,出席人,缺席人,列席人,主持人,记录人。

2、会议内容

包括议题、讨论情况以及形成的决议。对于发言的内容,一是详细具体的记录,尽量记录原话,主要用于比较重要的会议和重要的发言;二是摘要性记录,只记录发言要点和中心内容,多用于一般性会议。

3、结尾

记录有一定的写作技巧,一般来说有四条:一快、二要、三省、四代。

一快,即书写运笔要快,记得快。二要,即择要而记。三省,即在记录中正确使用省略法。四代,即用较为简便的写法代替复杂的写法。

三、例文展示

《育才中等职业学校学生会2009年第四次会议记录》

四、写作练习

根据课文提供的内容,整理一份符合格式的简要会议记录。 (内容见课文138页)

第16篇:应用文写作教案

第一章:绪论

应用文写作教案

第一节:应用文概念、特点

教学目标:了解一般应用写作的概念;应用写作的文体特点;

初步了解应用写作;

教学重点:掌握应用写作的基础知识点,了解应用写作的特点 教学难点:理清应用写作的文体特点 教学方法:讲授法;互动教学法

一:什么是应用写作 1.什么是应用文?

其实应用文古已有之,其历史最早可追溯到文字的产生时期。目前我们所能见到最早的应用文是殷商时期的甲骨文,即殷墟甲骨文,它多为占卜之辞。最早的文章总集《尚书》,则是我国第一部以应用文为主体的文集。

相较于应用文的产生,“应用文”这一概念的确立则晚得多。“应用文”一词最初出现在宋代。只是此时,“应用文”这一名称不是专用的文体概念。真正将“应用文”作为文体概念提出的是清代学者刘熙载。此后,关于应用文研究的文章及著作越来越多,对“应用文”这一概念的界定也越加明确。

“应用文”这个概念传到今天,简单来说,就是“凡个人、团体、机关相互之间,公司往来,用约定俗成的体裁和术语写作,以资交际和信守的文字,都叫应用文。”

2.应用文的种类

Ⅰ。公务应用文,指人们在办理公务中普遍使用的文书。

(1)法定公文,指公文法规中明确规定的公文。†国家行政机关公文处理办法‡(国务院2000年8月24日发布,2001年1月1日起实施)规定,行政机关公文种类为13种:命令(令)、决定、公告、通告、通知、通报、议案、报告、请示、批复、意见、函、会议纪要等。†中国共产党机关公文处理条例‡(经中共中央批准中共中央办公厅1996年5月3日印发)规定,党的机关公文种类为14种:决议、决定、指示、意见、通知、通报、公报、报告、请示、批复、条例、规定、函、会议纪要等。一般指†国家行政机关公文处理办法‡中所规定的文种。

(2)事务公文,指除法定公文以外的公文。包括工作计划、工作总结、调查报告、述职报告、简报、公示、规章制度、大事记、会议材料(开幕词、闭幕词、会议报告、会议记录、领导讲话、提案)等。

Ⅱ. 日常应用文,指人们在日常生活、事务中使用的文书。 (1)宣传类:演讲稿、发言稿等。 (2)说明类:启事、声明、海报等。

(3)礼仪类:请柬、贺(祝)词、题词、感谢信、慰问信、讣告、悼词等。 (4)书函类:申请书、倡议书、建议书、承诺书、证明、聘书等。 (5)个人事务类:简历、自荐信、辞职信、日记、读书笔记等。 Ⅲ、行业应用文,指专业性较强的文书。如经济(合同、可行性报告等)、法律、新闻传播、科研、外交、军事类等文书。

二:学习应用写作的目的和意义

它具有很强的实用性和工具性。

(应用文具有怎样的实用性)

首先,应用写作时社会生活必要组成部分。在学校,工作单位里,我们要写通知、公告、计划、简报等应用性文体。在工作上,要制定计划、总结经验;反映情况、提出建议;在日常生活中,写东西要写借据,双方合作要签协议、订合同,有事不能上学上班要写假条,邀请他人参加活动要写请柬,寻找丢失的东西要写启事„„生活中种种都离不开应用文。

其次,应用写作是信息时代人才的基本素质与能力。现代社会各方面高速发展,瞬息万变,要求人们快节奏、高效率的工作。应用文的写作水平在很大程度上反映了管理部门、机关单位处理事务的质量和效能,各行各业对应用文的需求都非常迫切。因此,能否得心应手的撰写应用文成为衡量工作能力高低的重要标准之一。

三:应用写作的文体特点

1.实用性

实用性是应用文区别于其他文体的根本特征,也是应用文最重要的属性。也就是 说应用文首先是用来办事,解决实际问题的。由此可见,应用文则应用理论文体的逻辑思维,运用叙述、说明、议论等方法,以事实和道理反映具体问题,表述对某一事件或某一现象的认识和判断,从而解决实际存在的问题。(举例) 2.程式性

应用文一般具有相对固定的体式,这是实用性在表现形式上的体现。它以惯用的文体格式、篇章结构和文书处理程序服务于实用性内容。这些相对固定的体式,是人们在长期实际工作、日常生活中约定俗成的。目的是为了更好的发挥实际效用,便于写作,交流与执行。(举例)

程式性在表达上还体现为具有一套相对稳定的习惯用语,既有特殊的含义又有较为固定的用法。(举例) 3.时效性

应用写作的最终目的是处理事务,解决实际问题,使办事有依据。现实生活中的种种问题只存在于特定的时间、空间中,要求应用文必须在限定时间内行文,及时处理特定的问题,否则将失去使用价值。 4.简明性

应用文的语言要求简洁明了,要求用最简约的文字说明事由,陈述事件,分析事理,提出建议,制定方案,以达到顺利处理公司事务的目的。

第二节:应用写作的基本功

一:应用文语言的特点 练习一:对比下面两个例子,说说两者的不同之处。(应用文语言和散文语言)

1、春夏之交,滕格里沙漠东南的中卫县呈现出一派生机盎然、朝气蓬勃的景象,天气晴朗,微云淡抹,暖意宜人。但是,在下午六时许,沙漠东北部的天际突然竖起一道黑墙,越升越高,迅速向前推进。黑色的帷幕很快向两边拉开,帷幕后边窜起无数沙、云,转眼将夕阳吞没,同时,地面上升起黑色的、灰色的、黄色的尘云交织在一起,翻滚着、变幻着,出现千奇百怪的景象。接着帷幕四合,一声巨响,一瞬间白昼变成黑夜,强大的气流卷着沙尘横扫过来。室内尘上弥漫,呛得人喘不过气来,这就是黑风!沙暴!

2、这次强沙暴主要是西伯利亚强冷空气侵入造成的,强冷空气前锋于五月四日八时进入新疆西北部,风速逐渐加大,在北疆地区和东疆北部形成第一片沙尘暴;五月五日八时在新疆哈密以东、猩猩峡至甘肃安西—带形成第二片沙尘暴;五月五日十四时以后.在阿拉善盟、甘肃酒泉以东至宁夏北部形成第三片,也是最大的一片沙尘暴。沙尘暴风力达8~12级,能见度大多仅在200米以内,局部地区能见度为零。沙暴所到之处,地表土层风蚀厚度一般这10—30厘米,沙丘前移1—8米.每平方公里降沙量达166多吨。有的地区出观高达300~700米的沙尘暴壁,1公里以外都能听到轰鸣声

答案:后者是应用文的语言,与散文语言不同,应用文语言的特点是:

(一)明白 。应用文的目的不在让人欣赏,而在让人理解并接受,故必须把明白放在第一位。 

1、要求观点明确,思路清晰

2、用词造句应平实、规范

(二)准确 。要求语言能精确无误地表达作者要表达的理论和观点。 准确表达,辨清细微差别

练习二:下面这篇短文符合应用文语言的特点吗?为什么

“ 这是我第一次在这种场合讲话。在我的印象中,在这里讲话的人应该是德高望重、学术精湛的学者,所以接到这个邀请有点诧异。但无论是什么原因,至少说明一点,那就是我的年龄也不小了。”—————XX级毕业生在毕业典礼上的讲话

答案:正确范文。

今天是文学院2009级研究生的开学典礼,我是中文系1981级的研究生,二十八年时光,蓦然回首,弹指一挥间。“子在川上曰:逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜。”汉代人说“人生一世间,如白驹过隙耳”。这些人生格言,相信在座各位都耳熟能详,但真正有所体会和体认,往往在时过境迁之后。清朝人有两句诗:“人无哀乐头难白,座有婵娟眼易青。”面对洋溢着青春生命光彩的朝气蓬勃的各位,面对将承担二十一世纪中国学术命运的各位,我这个白头学长如何能不“眼易青”?

①专用词语 1.称谓词

即表示称谓关系的词 第一人称:“本”、“我”,后面加上所代表的单位简称。如:部、委、办、厅、局、厂或所等。

第二人称:“贵”、“你”,后面加上所代表的单位简称。一般用于平行文或涉外公文。

第三人称:“该”,在应用文中使用广泛,可用于指代人、单位或事物。如:“该厂”、“该部”、“该同志”、“该产品”等。“该”字在文件中正确使用,可以使应用文简明、语气庄重。 2.领叙词

领叙词是用以引出应用文撰写的根据、理由或应用文的具体内容的词。常用的有: 根据 按照 为了 接„„ 前接或近接„„ 遵照 敬悉 惊悉 „„收悉 „„查 为„„特„„ „„现„„如下

应用文的领叙词多用于文章开端,引出法律、法规以及政策,指示的根据或事实根据,也有的用于文章中间,起前后过渡、衔接的作用。 3.追叙词

追叙词是用以引出被追叙事实的词。如: 业经 前经 均经 即经 复经 迭经 在使用时,要注意上述词语在表述次数和时态方面的差异,以便有选择地使用。 4.承转词

又称过渡用语,即承接上文转入下文时使用的关联、过渡词语,有: 为此 据此 故此 鉴此 综上所述 总而言之 总之 5.祈请词

又称期请词、请示词,用于向受文者表示请求与希望。主要有: 希 即希 敬希 请 望 敬请 烦请 恳请 希望 要求

使用祈请词的目的在于造成机关之间相互敬重、和谐与协作的气氛,从而建立正常的工作联系 6.商洽词

又称询问词;用于征询对方意见和反映,具有探询语气。有: 是否可行 妥否 当否 是否妥当 是否可以 是否同意 意见如何

这类词语一般在公文的上行文、平行文中使用,在使用时要注意确有实际的针对性,即 在确需征询对方的意见时使用。 7.受事词

受事词即向对方表示感激、感谢时使用的词语。如: 蒙、承蒙 。属于客套语,一般用于平行文或涉外的公文。 8.命令词

命令词即表示命令或告诫语气的词语。以引起受文者的高度注意。如: 表示命令语气的语词有:着 着令 特命 责成 令其 着即 表示告诫语气的词语有:切切 毋违 切实执行 不得有误 严格办理 9.目的词

目的词即直接交待行文目的的词语,以便受文者正确理解并加速办理。 用于上行文、平行文的目的词,还须加上祈请词,如: 请批复 函复 批示 告知 批转 转发 用于下行文,如:查照办理 遵照办理 参照执行 用于知照性的文件,如:周知 知照 备案 审阅 10.表态词

又称回复用语,即针对对方的请示、问函,表示明确意见时使用的词语。如: 应 应当 同意 不同意 准予备案 特此批准 请即试行 按照执行 可行 不可行 迅即办理

在使用上述词语时应对公文中的下行文和平行文严加区别。 11.结尾词

结尾词即臵于正文最后,表示正文结束的词语。 用以结束上文的词语。如: 此布 特此报告 通知 批复 函复 函告 特予公布 此致 谨此 此令 此复 特此

再次明确行文的具体目的与要求。如: „„为要 „„为盼 „„是荷 „„为荷 表示敬意、谢意、希望。如: 敬礼 致以谢意 谨致谢忱使用这些词语,

可以使文章表述简练、严谨并富有节奏感,从而赋予庄重、严肃的色彩。

二:表达方式

(一) 叙述 1.讲究顺叙 2.多用概叙 3.追求真实

(二) 说明

1.说明与叙述结合

2.多种说明方法综合运用

(三)议论

练习:

下列事项是否都需制发公文?

1、人事处部署本年度学校各类人员的考核工作。

2、某学生多次殴打同学,学校对其进行处分。

3、中秋节当天,下午放学时间提前半小时。

5、经管学院王立老师生病住院,其担任的课程暂由李吾老师代替。

反例:

××省财经学校给××大学的函 ××大学校长办公室:

首先,我们以××省财经学校的名义,向贵校致以亲切的问候,我们以崇敬和迫切的心情,冒昧地请求贵校帮助解决我校当前面临的一个难题。事情是这样的:最近,我校经与××学院磋商,决定派几位教师到该院进修学习,只因该院刚开办不久,大部分宿舍未修盖完毕,以致本校进修教师的住宿问题,虽几经协商,仍得不到解决。然而举国上下,起头并进,培养人才,时不我待,我校这几位教师出省进修学习机会难得,时间紧迫,要使他们有效地学习,则住宿问题是亟待解决的。

为此,我们在进退两难的情况下,情急生智,深晓贵校府高庭阔,于是我们抱一线希望,与贵校商洽,能否为我校进修教师的住宿问题提供方便条件。

以上区区小事,不值得惊扰贵校,实为无奈,望谅解,并希望尽快得到贵校的答复。

此致 敬礼

20××年×月×日(公章)

范文案例:

××省财经学校致××大学的函 ××大学:

我校×教研室有三位教师在×学院进修,但住房问题未能得到妥善的解决。他们提出愿在贵校租住教工宿舍,我们希望贵校能考虑这一要求,解决这一困难。约定面谈。

如蒙允诺,敬表谢意。

此致 敬礼

二O××年×月×日(公章)

范文案例二:

证明

福建师范大学文学院:

兹证明温志拔同志系本校人文系教师,经其本人申请,学校研究,现同意该同志在职脱产进入贵校文学院中国语言文学博士后流动站,进行合作研究。 特此证明

福师大福清分校人事处

二○一二年六月七日(公章)

第二章:法定公文

教学内容:公文的概念;公文的特点;公文的作用;公文的种类;行文关系与行文规则。

教学目的:理解公文的概念;了解公文的特点和作用;掌握公文的种类;理解公文的行文关系与行文规则。

教学重点:公文的概念及种类;行文关系与行文规则 教学难点:公文的行文关系与行文规则。

教学方法:讲授法、互动教学法

一、公文的概念

公文,即公务文件,习惯上称为文件,是党政机关、社会团体、企事业单位为了管理国家、处理政务,按照特定的体式,经过一定的处理程序形成的,作为传达贯彻党和国家的方针、政策,颁布法律和答复问题,指导和商洽工作,报告情况,交流经验和记载公务活动的一种工具。

广义的公文包括收发文件、电报、表册、会议文件、调查材料、图片、图纸、录音带、录像带等。我们通常所说的文件,一般是指具有固定格式并带有版头和发文字号的正式公文。

二、公文的特点

1.由法定的作者制发

法定的作者是指依法成立并能以自己的名义行使法定职权的组织及其领导人。如各党政机关、团体、企事业单位就是法定作者。它们的领导人是上级机关任命或经过选举后报上级机关批准产生的,也是法定作者。 2.具有法定的权威性 3.具有特定的体式 4.具有很强的政策性

三、公文的作用

1.公文是传达贯彻党和国家方针政策及各项指令的有效形式,在机关公务管理中发挥领导与指导作用。2.公文用于发布行政法规、规章与采取行政措施,在国家行政管理、维护社会主义管理秩序方面发挥行为规范的作用。

3.公文是请示、报告工作,反映情况,沟通自下而上的纵向联系的基本手段。4.公文是沟通机关间横向联系的纽带。

5.公文具有较强的政策性、理论性与对实践活动的指导性。 6.公文是机关行政管理的真实记录,具有依据与凭证的功能。

四、公文的种类

(一)公文的分类方法

1.从公文的性质分,可分为党内机关公文,国家行政机关公文,社会团体机关公文以及企事业单位的公文。

2.从公文的来源和使用范围分,公文可分为收文和发文。收文是指其它机关发送或传递到本机关的文件。如上级机关发来的通知,下级机关报送的报告文件、请示等。发文是由本机关制发的,一部分是发送给需要用它进行工作联系的其它机关,一部分是下发给本机关或本系统内部使用。

3.从行文关系上分,可分为上行文、平行文、下行文和泛行文四种。

4.从公文发送与处理的时间要求上分,可分为特急件、急件、平件三类。

5.从公文件的机密性分,可分为绝密文件、机密文件、秘密文件和普通公文等。 6.从文件的使用范围分,可分为通用文件、专用文件等。

五、公文的行文关系与规则

(一)什么叫行文关系 所谓公文的行文关系,是根据组织系统,公文法定作者的职权与行文单位间的隶属关系来确定的。

根据行文制度的规定,机关之间的行文可分为三种:上行文、平行文、下行文。

(二)处理行文关系的基本原则 处理行文关系的基本原则,总的说是必须根据各自的隶属关系与职权范围来确定。具体要求注意以下几点:

1.一般不越级向上行文请示问题。因特殊情况,必须越级行文时,应当抄报越过的机关,以免引起行文混乱。

2.‚条条‛一般不对‚块块‛下命令作指示,但可在业务管辖范围内向下行文。3.经批准在报刊上、计算机网络上发表的公文,应当视为正式公文,具有正式公文的同等效力。 4.上行文不必同时抄送下级;下行文如有必要,可抄送上级。

5.受双重领导的单位,向上请示问题,应当写明主报单位与抄报单位,而不能出现两个以上的主报单位,以免公文无人负责受理。

6.上级的公文,未经许可与没经过一定手续,下级不能任意翻印、转发。7.国家机关的公文,不得对党的组织作指示,交任务。 (三)下行文规则

1.政府各部门依据部门职权可以互相行文和向下一级政府的相关业务部门行文;除以函的形式商洽工作、询问和答复问题、审批事项外,一般不得向下一级政府正式行文。

2.部门之间对有关问题未经协商一致,不得各自向下行文。如擅自行文,上级机关应当责令纠正或撤销。

3.上级机关向受双重领导的下级机关行文,必要时应当抄送其另一上级机关。4.向下级机关或者本系统的重要行文,应当同时抄送直接上级机关。

(四)上行文规则 1.请示应当一文一事;一般只写一个主送机关,需要同时送其他机关的,应当用抄送形式,但不得抄送其下级机关。

2.“报告”不得夹带请示事项。3.一般不得越级请示和报告。

4.除上级机关负责人直接交办的事项外,不得以机关名义向上级机关负责人报送请示、意见和报告。

5.受双重领导的机关向上级机关行文,应当写明主送机关和抄送机关。 (五)联合行文规则

1.同级政府、同级政府各部门、上级政府部门与下一级政府可以联合行文;2.政府与同级党委和军队机关可以联合行文; 3.政府部门与相应的党组织和军队机关可以联合行文; 4.政府部门与同级人民团体和具有行政职能的事业单位也可以联合行文。 (六)其他行文规则

1.属于部门职权范围的事务,应当由部门自行行文或联合行文。联合行文应明确主办部门。须经政府审批的事项,经政府同意也可以部门行文,文中应注明经政府同意。 2.属于主管部门职权范围内的具体问题,应当直接报送主管部门处理。

练习:

不定项选择:

1、应用文的骨架是()

A、主题B、材料C、结构D、语言

2、下列属于点明主题,揭示文章中心内容的标题是() A、《请示》B、《启事》C、《聘请书》D、《全面建设小康社会,开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面》

3、应用文语言的特点是()

A、平实B、华丽C、朴素D、隐晦

4、应用文主要运用的表达方式有() A、记叙B、抒情C、议论D、说明

答案:C D

AC

ACD

判断题

1.报告、请示、通知都属于上行文。

) 2.某大学和某县城小学之间的行文关系是上下级关系。(

) 3.某市国家税务局与所在省工商行政管理局是平行关系。(

4.平行文只能在同级机关之间使用。(批改说明:不相隶属机关也可以使用)

第三章:公文的格式

教学内容:公文格式的概念;公文格式的内容。

教学目的:了解掌握公文格式的内容。

教学重点:公文的书面格式。

教学难点:公文格式和各要素及排列。 教学方法:讲授法、互动教学法

一、公文的排版规格与印制装订要求

(1)排版规格:正文使用3号仿宋体字,一般每面排22行,每行排28个字。公文文字从左至右横写、横排,采用三号仿宋体。少数民族文字按其习惯书写、排版。在民族自治地方,可并用汉字和通用的少数民族文字。

(2)用纸要求:公文用纸采用A4型,幅面尺寸为210mm×297mm。公文用纸天头(上白边)为37mm±1 mm,公文用纸订口(左白边)为28mm±1 mm,版心尺寸为:156mm×225mm(不含页码)。张贴的‚通告‛、‚命令(令)‛用纸幅面尺寸可根据实际需要确定。

(3)装订要求:公文应左侧装订,不掉页。包本公文的封面与书芯不脱落,后背平整、不空。两页页码之间误差不超过4mm。

二、公文书面格式

通常,我们将组成公文的各要素划分为眉首、主体、版记三部分。臵于公文首页红色反线(又称间隔横线)以上的各要素统称眉首(亦称文头部分);臵于红色反线(不含)以下至主题词(不含)之间的各要素统称主体(亦称行文部分);臵于主题词以下的各要素统称版记(亦称文尾部分)。

(一)眉首

眉首的特点是位臵相对固定。一般由公文份数序号、密级和保密期限、紧急程度、发文机关标识、发文字号、签发人、会签人等部分组成。

1.公文份数序号

公文份数序号是将同一文稿印制若干份时每份公文的顺序编号。公文如需要标识公文份数序号,用阿拉伯数码顶格标识在版心左上角第1行。并不是所有的公文都需要编制份数序号,†办法‡规定带有密级的公文必须编号。如果发文机关认为有必要,也可以对不带密级的公文编制序号,如国务院文件都编有份数序号。

编制公文份数序号用阿拉伯数码。一般说来,应根据公文的份数来决定所编份数的位数,但至少应不少于两位,即‚1‛应编为‚01‛,如果单编‚1‛,会使人不知其意,以为是误印上去的。

2.秘密等级和保密期限

秘密等级是标识公文保密程度的一种标志。根据†办法‡的规定,涉及国家秘密的公文应当按照国家秘密及其密级范围的规定分别标明‚绝密‛、‚机密‛和‚秘密‛。‚绝密‛是重要的国家秘密,泄露会使国家的安全和利益遭受特别严重的损害;‚机密‛是重要的国家秘密,泄露会使国家的安全和利益遭受严重的损害;‚秘密‛,是一般的国家秘密,泄露会使国家的安全和利益遭受损害。在国家行政机关的公文中应按照上述要求在公文中标识公文的秘密等级。 保密期限是对公文密级的时效加以规定的说明。涉及国家秘密的公文如有具体保密期限应当明确标注,否则按照†国家秘密保密期限的规定‡(国家保密局1990年第2号令)•第九条执行,即“凡未标明或者本通知保密期限的国家秘密事项,其保密期限按照绝密级事项三十年、机密级事项二十年秘密级事项十年认定。”在秘密等级和保密期限间用‚★‛隔开。如:绝密★3个月,意味着该公文属于绝密等级,保密的期限为3个月,过期即可解密。

如需标识秘密等级,用3号黑体字,顶格标识在版心右上角第1行,秘密等级和保密期限之间用‚★‛隔开。应该注意的是,如不标识保密期限,秘密等级两字之间应空1字距离,如需标注保密期限,则秘密等级的两字间不空1字距离,以使该字段不致过长。

3.紧急程度

紧急程度是对公文送达和办理时间的要求。根据†办法‡规定,紧急公文应当分别标明‚特急‛、‚急件‛。电报的紧急程度分为‚特提‛、‚特急‛、‚加急‛、‚平级‛等四种。具体‚特急‛和‚急件‛的时间要求是多少,由各地行政机关主管自行确定。

公文如需标识紧急程度,用3号黑体字,顶格标识在版心右上角第1行,两字之间1字;如需同时标识秘密等级与紧急程度,秘密等级顶格标识在版心右上角第1行,紧急程度顶格标识在版心右上角第2行。 在表示紧急程度时应注意:一是不要随意将公文的紧急程度升格。确定与标明文件的紧急程度,是一项严肃的工作,是为了特别引起文书处理部门和承办人的注意,以保证文件的时效,确保一些紧急问题能得到紧急处理。所以不要随意将公文的紧急程度升格,防止滥标急件。如果把平件也标成急件,形成急件太多,就会造成急件不急,以致影响了真正急件的处理。二是紧急文件标明何种等级,应由公文签发人确定。

4.发文机关标识

发文机关标识由发文机关全称或规范化简称后加‚文件(电报)‛组成;‚函‛只标识发文机关全称或规范化简称,不加‚文件(电报)‛字样;‚命令(令)‛、‚会议纪要‛除标识发文机关全称或规范化简称外,还应加上文种名称。发文机关全称应以批准该机关成立的文件核定的名称为准。规范化简称应由该机关向上级机关申报,也有由本机关自定的,但一定要明示其他行政机关,不能只是自己使用而别人不认同。

发文机关标识上边缘至版心上边缘距离一般为25mm;上报的公文,发文机关标识的上边缘至版心上边缘为80mm。‚函‛的发文机关标识上边缘上页边的距离为30mm,发文机关全称下4mm处为一条武文线(上粗下细),距下页边20mm处为一条文武线(上细下粗),两线长均为170mm。命令(令)标识上边缘至版心上边缘距离为20mm。

发文机关标识原则上应使用小标宋体字,一般用红色标识。小标宋体字显得庄重,其他字体如楷体、隶书、魏碑等都带有某些书法艺术的成分,应该说不适于标识具有执法职能的国家行政机关的公文。电报的发文规定用黑色标识,字号以醒目美观为原则酌定,但应小于22mm×15mm。

联合行文在排列时应注意:

第一、同级机关联合行文时,可用主办机关一家版头,也可并用几家版头。

二、联合行文的同级别机关,一般按党、政、军、群的顺序排列。

5.发文字号

发文字号由发文机关代字、年份和序号组成,一般用3号仿宋体字标注在发文机关标识下空2行,居中排布,年份、序号用阿拉伯数码标识;年份应标全称,用六角括号‚“”‛括入;序号不编虚位,不加第字。发文字号之下4mm处印一条与版心等宽的红色反线。联合行文,只标明主办机关发文字号。

序号是发文的流水号。一般都是按文件的形式统一编,即是哪个部门主办的,只要是同一发文形式,就要统一按顺序编号。

6.签发人

上报公文需标识签发人姓名,平行排列于发文字号右侧。发文字号居左空1字,签发人姓名居右空1字;签发人用3号仿宋体字,签发人后标全角冒号,冒号后用3号楷体字标识签发人姓名。如有多个签发人,主办单位签发人姓名臵于第一行,其他签发人姓名从第2行起在主办单位签发人姓名之下按发文机关顺序排列,应使发文字号与最后一个签发人姓名处在同一行并使红色反线与之的距离为4mm。

(二)主体 公文主体部分包括标题、主送机关、正文、附件、成文时间、印章、附注等项。 1.标题。

指标明某一公文主题的概括性名称。公文标题与文章标题的显著区别,在于公文标题有固定的结构,而文章的标题基本无定规。

(1)标题的位臵。放在正文上方的正中最醒目的地方,使读者首先通过标题对公文的性质、要求与反映的主要问题,有一个概括的了解,同时便于文书的处理工作。

(2)标题的组成。一般由发文机关名称、事由、文种三部分构成。发文机关,放在标题之首;事由放在发文机关和文种之间。通常在事由前加介词‚关于‛,组成介词结构,使事由更加鲜明、突出;文种,放在标题的末尾,在事由和文种之间加助词‚的‛。

公文的标题,按要求一般应写成全结构,即具备发文机关、事由和文种三部分。但按照惯例,有些公文省去了发文机关,只有事由和文种,尤其是上行文。有的省去了事由,只有发文机关和文种,有极少数公文省去了发文机关和事由,只有文种,称不完全结构标题。但不论在什么情况下,均不能省去文种,否则就不成其为公文了。

(3)标题的要求。标题是公文的具体名称,起到画龙点睛的作用,既不能冗长,也不能笼统含糊,字数一般不超过50个字。字数如不多,可居中排一行。如果字数较多,可排成两行或三行,最多不要超过三行。各行的字数一般不相等,一般有‚正梯形‛、‚倒梯形‛、‚除号形‛等。总之,各行之间应对称,并注意其中最长的行一般不要超过正文一行字的五分之三。分行时,不要把两个字以上的词分割开。标题结尾处不加标点符号,标题内除批转法规性文件处,一般不加书名号。标题采用二号宋体字,其中的数字要用汉字小写。公文如为经会议讨论通过或批准的,应在标题下加题注,即在圆括号中居中排出‚某年某月某日经某会议通过(或批准)‛,字号是三号宋体。

2.主送机关

即收受公文并对公文负主办或答复责任的机关的全称、规范化简称或统称。又称上款或抬头。其作用在于概括表明公文的空间效力范围,明确对公文负法定办理或答复责任的机关。除普发性文件外,通常一份公文(特别是上行文)只能选择一个机关为主送机关,且一般不要报送领导个人(领导者本人有要求者除外)。

主送机关,于标题之下空一行靠左顶格书写,末尾用冒号。如主送机关不是一个时,应按其性质、级别的轻重高低以及有关规定或惯例依次排列,机关名称之间用顿号、逗号分隔。

3.正文

是公文的主体部分。于主送机关下1行,每自然段左空2字,回行顶格,数字、年份不能回行。

4.附件

附件指附属于公文正件的其它公文或材料,可分为两类:一是与公文正件具有同等效力的附件,其作用在于进一步补充和完善公文正件的内容;二是公文正件已申明仅供参考而不具备现实执行效用的附件,其作用在于为受文者正确理解执行公文提供参考数据。

附件说明,标注于正文下空一行,左空2个字用3号仿宋体字标识‚附件‛,后标全角冒号和附件名称。如有序号使用阿拉伯数码,附件不加书名号,名称后不加标点符号。附件应与公文正文一起装订,并在附件左上角第1行顶格标识‚附件‛,有序号时标识序号;附件的序号和名称前后标识应一致。如附件与公文正文不能一起装订,应有附件左上角第1行顶格标识公文的发文号并在其后标识附件(或带序号)。

5.发文时间

公文必须写明成文时间,以表明公文从何时生效。一般的公文,成文日期就是它的生效日期。法规性公文,有的从发布之日起生效,有的专门规定了生效和开始执行的日期。

发文时间一般以机关领导签发的日期为准。如果缮印时间较长,也可以以印发的日期为准。几个机关联合发文,以最后一个会签机关所签发的日期为准。经一定会议讨论通过的公文,以通过日期为准。

发文时间的位臵,写在正文末右下方。其位臵、距离根据发文机关的数量及机关印章的大小而确定。必须用汉字小写完整写明年月日。

6.公文生效标识

公文生效标识是证明公文效力的表现形式,它包括发文机关印章或签署人姓名。 单一机关制发的公文在落款处不署发文机关名称,只标识成文时期,成文日期右空4字;加盖印章应上距正文1行之内,端正,居中下压成文时间,印章用红色。

当联合行文需加盖两个印章时,应将成文日期拉开,左右各空7个字;主办单位印章在前,均压成文日期,两印章不相交或相切,相距不过3mm。

当联合行文需加盖3个以上印章时,应将各发文机关名称(可用简称)按加盖印章顺序排列在相应位臵,并使印章或套印在其上。主办机关印章在前,每排最多排3个印章,两端不得超出版心;最后一排如余一个或两个印章,均居中排布;在最后一排印章之下1行右空2字标识成文时间。

如确需党政机关联合行文,应将党的机关排列在前。以机关领导人名义行文时,应在姓名前同时冠上职务身份。

当印章下弧无文字时,采用下套方式,即仅以下弧压在成文日期上;当印章下弧有文字时,采用中套方式,即印章中心线压在成文时期上。两个或两个以上印章的排列要统一采取一种,要下套均下套,要中套均中套,以保证印章排列整齐、美观。

7.附注

附注一般是对公文的以放范围、使用时需注意的事项加以说明,如‚此件发至县团级‛、‚此件可见报‛等。

公文如有附近注,用3号仿宋体字,居左空2字加圆括号标识,在成文时期下1行。

(三)版记

版记包括主题词、抄送单位、印发机关和印发日期等项。

1.主题词

指用以揭示公文主要内容并经规范化处理的名词术语。主题词的作用在于与标题相配合进一步简要而精确地揭示公文内容,为主题检索法的运用提供检索标识,为实现公文处理的标准化、现代化奠定基础。标引顺序是先标类别词,再标类属词。在标类属词时,先标反映文件内容的词,最后标反映文件形式的词。一份文件如有两个以上的主题内容,先集中对一个主题内容进行标引,再对第二个主题内容进行标引。如†国务院关于在若干城市试行国有企业兼并破产和职工再就业有关问题的通知‡,先标反映第一个主题内容的类别词“经济管理”,再标类属词“企业”•、“破产 ”;然后标反映第二个主题内容的类别词“劳动”,再标类属词“就业”;最后标“通知”。一份文件的标引,除类别词外最多不超过5个主题词。主题词用3号黑体字,居左顶格标识,后标全角冒号;词目用3号小标宋体字;词目间空1字。

2.抄送机关

抄送机关是指虽不由这个收文机关主办,但需使其了解这份公文的内容或应协同办理这份公文的机关。公文如有抄送机关,在主题词下1行,左空1字,用3号仿宋体字标识‚抄送‛,后标全角冒号;抄送机关间用逗号隔开,回行时与冒号后的抄送机关对齐;在最后一个抄送机关后标句号。如在抄送机关之上、主题词之下需标识主送机关,与抄送机关的标识相同。

3.印发机关和印发日期

印发说明是对公文承印单位、印发日期、印刷份数等情况的介绍。其作用在于明确公文印刷质量、时限的责任归属并便于受文者直接与公文印发单位取得联系。

承印单位一般为机关的办公室,用三号仿宋体字左空一字。有的发文机关没有专门的办公(厅)室或文秘部门,也可标识发文机关。

印发日期以公文会印的日期为准,用阿拉伯数字,右空一字。印发份数是党的机关公文所需标注的。

4.版记中各要素下均中一条反线,宽度同版心,一是为了显示各要素之间的区别,二是如此设计显得美观。

5.版记的位臵

版记应臵于公文最后一面(封四),版记的最后一个要素臵于最后一行。(1)公文主体之后 的空白容不下版记的位臵,需另起一页标识版记,此时版记要放在最后一面,即使前一面完全空白也没有关系。(2)公文如有附件。如果附件最后的空白能够容下版记,该页又正是4的倍数,此时版记应臵于空白处。如附件是被转发的文件,该文件后面也有版记,此时被转发文件的版记不能代替转发文件的版记,转发文件还应标识自己的版记。

参考说明(例子图片选取多个):

练习题:

不定项选择题 :

1、需用请示行文的情况是()

A、权限不够 B、能力不足 C、认识不清 D、资源匮乏 E、问题特殊

2、发文字号年份的正确写法是() A、〔97〕B、〔1997〕C、〔’97〕D、〔1997年〕

3、不属于通报适用范围的是()

A、表彰先进B、传达情况 C、申请批准D、批评错误

4、公文的秘密等级应标于文头的()

A、左上角 B、右上角 C、左下角 D、右下角

5、任免人员应使用的文种是() A、通报 B、批复C、通知D、通告

6、公安局向市政府请求批准办某件事用()

A、报告 B、函 C、请示 D、意见

7、公文中使用频率最高的文种是()

A、函 B、通告 C、通知 D、通报

8、市政府把省政府文件以通知的形式发至县政府,这种形式叫() A、印发 B、批转 C、翻印 D、转发

9、目前国家行政机关公文共有() A、13种 B、11种 C、12种 D、14种

10、不符合用印要求的是()

A、位置在发文时间上方 B、上不压正文 C、上可压正文 D、下要压年月日

1、ABCDE

2、B

3、C

4、B

5、C 6、C

7、C

8、D

9、A

10、C

判断题

1、越级请示时,不必将文件抄送被越过的上级机关。()

2、若是联合发文,主办机关应排列在前。()

3、公告和通告行文时,都要写上主送机关。()

4、批复只限于答复请示。()

5、会议纪要和一般公文一样,不能设正副标题。()

1、×

2、√

3、×

4、√

5、×

第四章:通知

教学内容:通知的概念、种类、特点、结构写法和写作要求。

教学目的:理解通知的概念,了解通知的种类、特点以及写作要求。能够拟写通知。 教学重点:通知的概念、种类和写作要求。 教学难点:通知的拟写;通知和通报的区别。 教学方法:讲授法、案例分析法、互动教学法

一、通知的适用范围及特点

通知适用于批转下级机关的公文,转发上级机关和不相隶属机关的公文,发布文件;传达要求下级机关办理和需要有关单位周知或者执行的事项;任免人员。

通知是各级党政机关、人民团体、企事业单位在公务活动中最常用的一种公文,使用范围相当广泛。

通知具有三个特点:

1.使用范围具有广泛性。通知不受发文机关级别高低的限制;对通知的行文路线限制不严,主要作上级机关对下级机关、组织对所属成员的下行文,但平行机关之间、不相隶属的机关之间,有时也可使用通知知照有关事项;通知写作灵活自由,使用比较方便。

2.文种功用多具有指导性。上级机关和组织向下级机关、组织用通知行文,都明显体现出指导性。特别是部署和布臵工作、批转和转发文件等,都需明确阐述处理某些问题的原则和方法,说明需要做什么,怎样做,达到什么要求等。一部分通知对下级或有关人员有约束力,起指挥、指导作用;另一部分通知则主要起知照作用。

3.有明显的时效性。通知事项一般是要求立即办理、执行或知晓的,不容拖延。有的通知如会议通知,只在指定的一段时间内有效。

二、通知的主要类型 根据内容与作用,通知可分为以下几种类型:

1.指示性通知。有关行政法规和规章、办法、措施,不宜用命令(令)发布的,可使用这种通知行文。指示性通知往往带有强制性、指挥性和决策性的特点。 2.知照性通知。用于告知某一事项或某些信息的通知,诸如庆祝节日,成立、调整、合并、撤销机构,人事任免,启用新印章,更改电话,更正文件差错等,都可用这种通知行文。 3.批示性通知(批转、转发性通知)。用于发布某些行政法规,转发上级、同级或不相隶属机关的公文以及批转下级机关的公文。这类通知包括批转性和转发性两种。批转性通知,适用于上级机关对下级部门的文件加批语下发,需在标题中加‚批转‛两字;转发性通知是‚转发‛有关文件的通知,同样需在标题中注明‚转发‛字样。

4.事项性通知(工作通知)。要求下级机关办理某些事项,除交待任务外,通常还提出工作原则和要求,让受文单位贯彻执行,具有强制性和行政约束力,这种通知,便属事项性通知。有些工作任务,不宜采用命令和意见行文的,可使用这种通知。

5、会议通知。即告诉有关单位或个人参加会议的通知。

三、通知的结构和写法

各种类型的通知各有不同的写法。以下介绍各类通知标题和正文的一般写法: 1.标题。通知的标题有完全式和省略式两种。完全式标题是发文机关、事由、文种齐全的标题,省略式标题则根据需要省去其中的一项或两项。

省略式标题有如下三种情况:

(1)省略发文机关。如果标题太长,可省略发文机关。如‚关于县级市经济管理权限的通知‛,这个标题便省略了发文机关。省略发文机关的标题很常见。如果是两个单位以上联合发文,不能省略发文机关。

(2)省略多余的‚关于‛和‚通知‛字样。发布性和批转性通知的标题由‚发文机关+发布(批转、转发)+被发布文件标题+通知‛构成。被发布、批转、转发公文为法规、规章时,一般应加上书名号,有时由于被批转、转发公文标题中已有‚关于‛和‚通知‛字样,或者被批转、转发的公文标题比较长,这时,通知的标题一般可保留末次发布(批转、转发)文件机关和始发文件机关,省略去多余的‚关于‛和‚通知‛字样。否则,就会出现一个标题中有多个‚关于‛和‚通知‛的现象,显得很长,读起来也拗口。如:‚××县人民政府关于转发†××市人民政府关于转发„××省人民政府关于转发人事部关于×××同志恢复名誉后享受××级待遇的通知‟的通知‡‛。这个标题有四个层次,用了三个‚关于转发‛,两个‚的通知‛,很不顺口。可把这个标题简化为‚××县人民政府转发人事部关于×××同志恢复名誉后享受××级待遇的通知‛。至于被省、地区等转发过的内容,可在转发意见中交待清楚。

(3)省略发文机关和事由。如果通知发文范围很小,内容简单,甚至张贴都可以,这样的通知标题可以省略发文机关和事由,只写文种‚通知‛二字。

2.正文。通知的正文主要包括原由、事项、要求三部分。主体在事项部分。下面分别介绍几种通知正文的写法:

(1)指示性通知的写法。指示性通知的正文,一般先写发文的原由、背景、依据;在事项部分,或写发布行政法规、规章制度、办法、措施等,或写带有强制性、指挥性、决策性的原则(或指示性意见)、具体工作要求等。

指示性通知的事项,一般具有影响面较大、比较紧急和有一定的政策性的特点。

(2)批示性通知。(批转、转发性通知)的写法。批转与转发性通知正文写法大体相同。可以把这两种通知称为‚批语‛,把被批转、转发的文件看做是通知的主体内容。批语的内容主要有如下三个方面:

1)说明批转的目的或陈述转发的理由; 2)对受文单位提出贯彻执行的具体要求; 3)根据具体情况做出补充性的规定。 用通知批转或转发下级机关、不相隶属机关和上级机关的公文时,对被批转和转发的文件已起到了一种公布、认可或推荐的作用。从构成上看,这种通知由批语部分和批转或转发文件组成,批语和被批转或转发文件都不能单独作为一份文件。如果批语脱离被批转或转发文件,没有实际依托内容,不能单独行文;如被批转或转发文件离开批语则不能纳入通知的内容,不能体现发文单位的意图,没有批语予以的权威性和合法地位。

(3)事项性通知的写法。事项性通知正文的写作,要使受文单位了解通知的内容(即事项),以及做什么,怎样做,有什么要求。正文一般分三部分。

第一部分是开头,一般是说明为什么要发此通知,目的是什么。

第二部分是主体,即事项部分,将通知的具体内容一项一项列出,把布臵的工作或需周知的事项,阐述清楚,并讲清要求、措施、办法等。这类通知多数用于布臵工作,因此也有人称之为‚工作通知‛。

第三部分是结尾,多提出贯彻执行要求,如‚请遵照执行‛,‚请认真贯彻执行‛,‚请研究贯彻‛等习惯用语,也有的通知结尾不写习惯用语。

写事项性通知,要开门见山,忌转弯抹角。在叙述事项时,要突出重点,把主要的、重要的写在前面。根据需要,主要的内容可详写,讲清道理,讲明措施,次要的内容则尽量简略,扼要交代即可。在语言表达方面,通知主要以叙述为主,对下级单位提出要求。有时可以适当做一些分析、说理。但通知中的说理不像议论文的说理那样要有严密的逻辑性,只要抓住关键问题,用简洁的语言把道理阐述清楚即可。

(4)知照性通知的写法。知照性通知的正文,只要写清楚行文的依据、目的和事项即可。要求文字简练、明白。

(5)会议通知的写法。会议通知依据其不同类型,有不同的写法。通过文件传递渠道发出的会议通知,一般应写明召开会议的原因、目的、会议名称、主要议题、到会人员、会议及报到时间、地点、需要的材料等,通常采用条文式写法,要求内容周密、语言清楚、表述准确,不致产生歧义。

供机关、单位内部张贴或广播的周知性会议通知,正文开头可不写受文对象,应在通知事项中说明会议时间、地点、内容、准备材料及出席人员等。语言力求简短、明白。

(6)任免通知的写法。任免通知的写法比会议通知更为简单,一般的固定格式是:按任免决定写上任免人员即可。

第五章:请示

教学内容:请示的概念、种类、特点、结构写法和写作要求。

教学目的:理解请示的概念,了解种类、特点以及写作要求。能够拟写请示。 教学重点:请示的概念、种类和写作要求。 教学难点:请示的拟写

教学方法:讲授法、案例分析法、互动教学法。

一:请示的适用范围及特点

请示是“适用于向上级机关请求指示、•批准”的公文。请示为上行文,具有强制回复的性质。

具体地看,请示的适用范围主要包括如下几方面:

1、对上级有关方针、政策、指示或法规、规章不够明确或有不同理解,需要上级机关做出明确解释和答复。

2、从本地区本单位的实际情况出发,需要对上级的某项政策、规定做出变通处理,有待上级重新审定,明确作答。

3、在工作中出现新情况、新问题需要处理而无章可循、无法可依,需要上级机关做出明确指示。

4、需要请求上级解决本地区、本单位的某一具体问题和实际困难。

5、按上级机关和主管部门有关政策规定,不经请示有关部门批准,无权自行处理的问题。

6、工作中出现了一些涉及面广而本部门无法独立解决的困难和问题,必须请示上级领导或综合部门,以求得他们的协调和帮助。

值得注意的是,凡自己职权范围内的工作,经过努力能处理和解决的问题、困难,都应尽力自行解决,不要动辄请示,把矛盾上交。 与报告比较,请示的特点更鲜明地表现为:

1、行文内容的请求性。请示是向上级机关请求指示和批准的公文,具有请求的性质;而报告是向上级机关汇报工作、反映情况、提出建议、答复上级机关的询问或要求的公文,具有陈述性质。

2、行文目的的求复性。请示的目的是请求上级指示、批准,解决具体问题,要求做出明确批复;而报告的目的则在于让上级知道、掌握某方面或某阶段的情况,不要求批复。

3、行文时机的超前性。请示必须在事前行文,等上级机关作了批复之后才能付诸实施;报告则可在事后行文,也可在工作进行中行文,一般不事前行文汇报方案。

4、请求事项的单一性。请示要求一文一事;报告可以一文一事,也可以一文数事。

二、请示的主要类型

请示类型有多种分类。根据请示的不同内容和写作意图,将其分为两类:

1、请求指示的请示。请示上级机关对有关的方针、政策、规定中的难以理解或不明之处,以及在执行过程中需作变通处理的问题或涉及其他机构职权范围的问题予以回复。前面所提请示的适用范围之

1、

2、3项,属这种类型。

2、请求批准的请示。这类请示多涉及人事、财物、机构等方面的具体问题,前面所提

4、

5、6项即属此类。

三、请示的结构及写法

请示包括标题、主送机关、正文和落款几部分。

1、标题。请示标题内容包括发文机关、事由和文种。标题中尽可能不要出现‚申请‛、‚请求‛之类词语,不宜写为“关于请求×××××的请示”,“请示”中本身就含有请求的意思了。不能将‚请示‛写成‚报告‛或‚请示报告‛。

2、正文。请示的正文包括请示原由、请示事项、请示要求三部分。 (1)原由。请示的原由,实际上就是何以提出请示事项和要求的理由、背景及依据,要写在正文的开头。先把原由讲清楚,然后再写请示的事项和要求,这样才能顺理成章,有说服力。请示的原由是写作请示的关键,写得充不充分,直接关系到请示事项能否成立,关系到上级机关审批请示的态度等。如果原由比较复杂,不能为简要而简单化,必须讲清情况,举出必要的事实、数据,实事求是,具体而明白。

(2)事项。指请求上级机关批准、帮助、解答的具体事项。请示的事项,要符合国家法律、法规,符合实际,具有可行性和可操作性。因此,事项要写得具体、明白,并做出具体的分析。如果请示的事项内容比较复杂,则要分清主次,一条一条地写。

请示事项,不能出现不明确、不具体的情况,也不能把原由、事项混在一起写。否则,容易使上级不得要领,不明白下级要求解决什么问题。

(3)要求。为了使请示的事项得到答复,发文机关一定要提出要求。请示的要求常以简短的文字概括请示的具体要求,再次点明主题。如:‚以上请示,请批复‛,‚以上意见当否,请指示‛,‚以上请示,请审批‛等等,虽然是很简单的一句话,但却是请示必不可少的内容。不要用“可否(妥否、当否),请批准”之类不合逻辑的用语。

四.请示的写作要求

1、一文一事。一份请示只能写一件事,这是†国家机关行政公文处理办法‡的规定,也是实际的需要,如果一文多事,很可能导致受文机关无法批复。如果性质相同的几件事确需写在一份请示中,则必须是同一机关可以批复的。

2、单头请示。一份请示,只送一个上级领导机关,不能同时主送两个或两个以上机关。如有需要,对有关的单位可用抄送的形式。这样,可以避免出现推诿、扯皮的现象。受双重领导的机关向上级机关请示工作时,要根据请示内容的性质,主送一个上级领导机关,抄送另一个领导机关。

3、不越级请示。请示与其他公文一样,一般不越级请示,如果因情况特殊或事项紧急必须越级请示时,要同时抄送越过的机关。请示一般不直接送领导个人,除非是领导直接交办的事项。把应由秘书部门统一办理的请示直接送领导个人,容易误事,甚至会造成领导者之间的矛盾。

4、不得抄送下级机关。请示是上行公文,不得同时抄送下级机关,更不能要求下级机关执行上级机关未批准的事项。

第六章:报告

教学内容:报告的概念、种类、特点、结构写法和写作要求。

教学目的:理解报告的概念,了解种类、特点以及写作要求。能够拟写报告。 教学重点:报告的概念、种类和写作要求。

教学难点:报告的拟写

教学方法:讲授法、案例分析法、互动教学法。

一、报告的适用范围及特点

报告适用于向上级机关汇报工作,反映情况,答复上级机关的询问。 报告主要有三个特点:

1、内容的实践性。这一特点集中表现在工作报告上。工作报告是对本单位所做过的工作的回顾和总结,只有做过的工作,才能写进报告,没有做过的、只停留在计划里和口头上的豪言壮语,不能作为报告的材料。怎样做就怎样写,做得好的总结经验,做得不好的吸取教训,不能弄虚作假,也不能抄几段文件搪塞。其他类型的报告实际上也以实践为依据。

2、表述的概括性。这是报告的文体特点。报告是以叙述和说明为主要表达方式的文种,但它的叙述和说明是概括性的,要求作粗线条的勾勒,而不必详述过程,更不要求铺排大量的细节,制作者只有领会了这个特点,才能写出篇幅短小而又有分量的报告来。

3、选材的灵活性。报告选材的自由度很大,写什么、不写什么,选择权掌握在发文单位手里。了解了这个特点,发文单位就可以根据实践挑选最有特色、最有价值、最有新意的题材和材料来写。当然,答复报告必须按上级的要求实事求是地写。

二、报告的主要类型

1、工作报告。指汇报工作的报告。工作报告可分为:综合工作报告,如下级机关向上级机关汇报某一阶段工作的进展、成绩、经验、存在问题及打算;专题工作报告,即针对某项工作或问题所写的报告。

2、情况报告。指向上级机关反映情况的报告。例如,及时汇报本地区、本单位发生的重大事件,在一定范围内带有倾向性的情况,包括会议的情况等。

3、答复报告。答复报告是指答复上级询问事项的报告。例如,上级领导对群众来信来访中反映的问题或文件材料中反映的问题,批示下级机关查办,或询问有关情况,下级机关办理完毕,需用书面形式答复上级机关,此时使用的公文就是答复报告。

4、报送报告。指向上级机关报送物件或有关材料的报告。

三、报告的结构及写法 报告有多种写法,这里只介绍一般的结构和写法,同时指出实际写作中常见的一些毛病。 报告的结构包括标题、正文、落款三部分。报告的正文一般包括原由、事项和结尾三部分。

1、标题。报告的标题可根据需要省略发文机关。事由和文种不能省略。另外,报告的标题容易出毛病的部分是事由,对事由要注意概括、提炼。

2、各类报告正文的写作要点。

(1)工作报告。正文内容一般包括基本情况、主要成绩、经验体会、存在问题、基本教训、今后意见等几部分。这类报告篇幅较其他类型报告长,应恰当安排其层次结构。可标出序数,分条分项陈述,也可列小标题分部分或分问题写。

基本情况可简要交代时间、背景和工作条件;写主要成绩应把工作的过程、措施、结果和成绩叙述清楚;经验体会主要是指对工作实践的理性认识,要从实际工作中概括出规律性的东西来,以便指导今后的工作;写存在问题要写出工作中的缺点与不足;基本教训是指工作失误的原因和值得吸取的教训;今后意见指改进工作的意见,或者提出今后开展工作的建议。 不同类型的工作报告,在这些内容上各有不同的侧重点。

(2)情况报告。

情况报告常用于向上级汇报下列事项: 1)严重的灾害、事故、案情、敌情;

2)重要的社情、民情,如社会生活中的新动态和上级某项有关国计民生的新政策、新规定的贯彻执行情况及群众的反映等;

3)督促办理或检查某项工作的情况,如财务、税收、物价、质量、安全、卫生等项工作的检查结果;

4)举办重大活动、召开重要会议的基本情况,各级各类代表会议的选举结果等; 5)对某项工作造成失误和问题的检讨与反思; 6)其他重要的、特殊的、突出的新情况。

情况报告写法不强求一律,但都要力求做到:

1)内容集中、单一,突出重点,抓住事物本质,实事求是地反映情况; 2)把情况和问题讲清楚,把事情的经过、原委、结果、性质写明白;

3)提出处理意见和建议,要写得具体、明确、简要,尤其要注意提出意见、建议的角度,不能在报告中夹带请示事项;

4)理顺文章的思路和结构,无论是纵式结构还是横式结构,都要脉络清楚,层次分明; 5)写作要及时,以便让上级机关和有关领导尽快了解重大、特殊、突发的种种新情况。

(3)答复报告。答复报告的内容要体现针对性,有问必答,答其所问,以示负责。表述要明确、具体,语言要准确、得体,不可含糊其辞、模棱两可。答复报告的正文包括答复依据和答复事项两部分内容。答复依据指上级要求回答的问题,要写得十分简要,有时一两句话即可。答复事项指针对所提问题答复的意见或处理结果,既要写得周全,又要注意不要节外生枝,答非所问。

(4)报送报告。这类报告正文极为简单,有的甚至只有三言两语,把报送物件、材料的名称、数量说明就行。结尾常用“请收阅”、“请查收”等结束。

四、报告的写作要求

报告写作一般要求在掌握充分材料的基础上,进行综合分析,提炼出正确的主题和新颖的观点,然后用简洁的语言来表述。具体要求做到:

1、立意要新。提炼主题,应该在占有大量材料的基础上进行分析研究,归纳出新颖的观点,从而提炼出能反映出本质的、带规律性的主题。

2、内容要真实、具体。报告的内容必须是真实的,尽管选材具有灵活性,但也要实事求是,一是一,二是二,有喜报喜,有忧报忧,绝不能编造假情况,欺骗上级。所以,起草报告的人员,要深入调查研究,尽可能亲自调查了解,掌握第一手材料,然后进行分析归纳,去伪存真。材料要具体,既有概括性的材料,也有典型的具体事例。

3、重点突出。报告的内容要根据主题的要求来安排,分清主次轻重。重点的、主要的内容,要安排在前面,应详写;非重点的、次要的内容,可略写;可写可不写的内容就不写。同时,要注意处理好点和面的关系,比如既要有典型的事例,又要有面上的综合性的情况,做到点面结合,眉目清楚,说服力强。

4、报告中不能夹带请示事项。对于报告,受文单位不用答复,如果夹带请示事项,不但不便处理,甚至还会贻误工作。

5、注意情况报告与工作报告的区别。工作报告反映的是经常性的常规工作情况,而情况报告汇报的是偶发性的特殊情况;工作报告的内容相对确定,而情况报告的内容多不确定,因时因事而异;工作报告的写法基本稳定,而情况报告的写法灵活多样;有的工作报告有不同程度的说理,而情况报告重在叙述、说明有关情况。

五.请示和报告的不同之处

(1)行文目的、作用不同。请示旨在请求上级批准、指示,需要上级批复,重在呈请。报告要向上级汇报工作、反映情况、答复上级询问,不需上级答复,重在呈报。

(2)行文时间不同。请示需要事前行文,报告一般在事后或者工作过程中行文。 (3)主送机关数量可以不同。请示只写一个主送机关。报告有时可写多个主送机关,如在情况紧急需要多级领导机关尽快知道灾情、疫情时。正式印发请示报送上级时,还应在‚附注‛处注明联系人的姓名和电话,以利主送机关在必要时查询,而报告没有此项要求。

(4)受文机关处理方式不同。请示属办件,收文机关必须及时批复。报告多属阅件,除需批转的建议报告外,收文机关对其他报告都可不行文。

(5)涉及内容不同。请示用于向上级机关请求批准、指示,凡是下级机关、单位无权解决、无力解决以及按规定应经上级机关批准认定的问题,均可以请示行文。而报告用于向上级机关汇报工作、反映情况、答复询问。

(6)写作侧重点不同。虽然都要陈述、汇报情况,但报告的重点只在汇报工作情况,报告中不能夹带请示事项,而请示中所陈述的情况只是作为请示的原因,即使反映情况以及阐述原由所占的篇幅再大,其重点依然是请示事项。

第17篇:应用文写作教案

应用文写作教案

进入职业学校后,我们要处理的事情增多了,比如,你想进入学生会社团(团委等),要写申请书;加入社团后,社团里举行活动,要写策划书、张贴海报、发布消息;毕业时要写毕业论文,制作简历、求职信;你想创业,要对市场进行调查并撰写调查报告及可行性研究报告;作为记者团的学生,你们还要学会写新闻稿。

因此,我们这学期要学习的内容,都是围绕大家大学生涯中最迫切需要学习的一些应用文知识。

以前虽然没有系统地学习如何写作应用文,但是我们却使用过它,比如大家有没有写过“请假条”?再比如你的“录取通知书”——这就是一个最简单的应用文。以你的“录取通知书”为例,请说说应用文有什么特点。

一、应用文的特点

(1)实用性:黑色的六月、煎熬的

七、八月,通知书到了,说明我们被正式录取了,我们那一颗悬着的心才放下。

(2)针对性:你的通知书就是给你下的。 (3)时限性:报到时间。 (4)真实性:

(5)程式性:体现在空格部分,一个学校所发的通知书都是一样的。 (6)平实性:

补充:有疑义的“另类大学录取通知书”——淘宝版

南京理工大学在手机短信告知考生录取情况的时候,采用“淘宝体”:“亲,南理工,211院校噢!奖学金很丰厚哦!门口就有地铁哦!景色宜人,读书圣地哦!亲,记得9月2日报到哦!录取通知书明天‘发货’哦!上网就可以查到通知书到哪了哦!”

尽管南理工使用手机告知对方,但这种做法遭到了批评:

(1)通知书采取网络化语言,破坏了录取通知的严肃性和权威性,会使家长和学生不信任。

(2)录取通知书有着特殊的纪念意义,一般一式两份,一份报到时交给学校,一份留给考生永久保存,所以才采取较为传统并且庄重的方式。

所以,作为应用文一种的录取通知书,还是采用平实、严肃、正式的语言比较好。

第18篇:应用文写作教案

第一讲 日常事务类、告启类文书写作

教学计划:

1、了解应用文的含义、分类及作用。

2、了解日常事务类文书:介绍信、证明信、慰问信、表扬信、感谢信、祝贺信、请柬、聘书、倡议书、嘉奖书等写作方法。

3、了解告启类文书:启事、声明、公示、公告、通告、海报、商业广告、通知、通报、产品说明书等写作方法。

教学重点:商业广告、通知

教学时间:四课时

第一课时

教学目的:了解应用文的含义、分类、作用和日常事务类应用文写法。

一、导入:

自古以来,中华民族就非常重视应用文写作。如秦朝李斯的《谏逐客书》、汉刘邦的《求贤诏》和诸葛亮的《出师表》等。应用文写作讲究的不是文采,讲究的是规范,代表是威严和信誉。学好应用文写作,对于一个企业管理干部来说非常重要,你所写的应用文是否规范,要受到社会各方面的评说、检验,代表你所在单位的公众形象,影响到企业的美誉度和信誉度。因此,我现在就与大家一起探讨公文写作的一些基本知识。

二、应用文的概念

1、如何理解文书、应用文、公文的概念?

有的教材这样定义:

文书是机关、团体、企事业单位和个人,在日常工作、生产、学习和生活中,办理公私事务所使用的,具有直接实用价值和一定惯用文章体式的文字材料。

应用文又叫实用文,是以实际应用为目的,为人们处理公私事务时常用的一种文体,是行政管理的一种手段,是社会交往的一种工具。

公文又叫文件,是党政机关、人民团体、企事业单位在管理过程中所形成的、按照规定程序办理并在法定的范围内使用的、具有法定效力和规范体式的文书。

2、公文和应用文都是文书,通常情况下,人们习惯于把正式的加带红色文件头的称为公文,而日常事务性的称为应用文,其实这是一种概念上的混淆,两者概念内涵基本相同,广义上没有具别,狭义上应用文大于公文,包含了公文。

三、应用文的主要特点、作用、分类及写作要求

1、应用文具有广泛性、实用性、规范性(程式性)、时效性和授意性与受意性(工具性)等特点。

2、应用文具有指导、督促、协调、宣传、教育、交流、代言等作用。

3、应用文分类方式有多种,可以按用途分,按体裁分,按格式分,按行业分等。

4、应用文写作要求内容真实具体、适应时代和阅读对象、合符规范格式、文字浅显简洁。

四、常用日常事务类文书写作

1、介绍信

⑴介绍信是用于证实本单位有关工作人员身份、介绍其工作使命、凭此与其他单位接洽工作的一种证明性函件。

一种是固定格式,印刷好的介绍信格式,留存根,有编号,便于查询。另一种是公用信纸临时书写,不受限制。

⑵标题:介绍信或XX单位介绍信

主送单位:顶格书写

正文:一要写清被介绍者姓名、身份、随行人数;二要写清接洽事项和要求;三要祈请用语或谦敬语,如“请予接洽”或“请予支持”,之后写“此致敬礼”。 落款:出具介绍信单位和日期,加盖公章。

期限:括号标注“有效期X天”。

2、证明信

⑴证明信是用于证明有关人员身份或有关事实真实情况的证明性函件。

⑵标题:证明或证明信、关于XXX的证明

主送单位:顶格书写,加冒号,也可不写。

正文:提行空两格,写清证明事由,实事求是,真实可靠,言之有据,引文准确,语言简洁。结尾写“特此证明”。

落款:证明单位和日期,盖公章。

附件:复印件加盖复制单位印章。

3、慰问信

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体向有关方面、有关人员表示慰问、问候和致意的一种专用书信。

⑵标题:慰问信或XXX致XXX的慰问信

主送对象:顶格写。

正文:一是简要说明形势、背景及慰问原因,二是对被慰问者工作成绩有针对性的肯定和评价,对困难表示理解和同情,三是提出希望和勉励。

落款:单位和日期。

第二课时

教学目的:继续了解常用日常事务类文书写作

1、表扬信

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体表扬有关方面、有关人员先进事迹、先进思想的一种专用书信。可直送,可张贴,可送报刊发表。

⑵标题:表扬信或拟定题目,加副标题,如《见义勇为,堪称表率--对XXX的表扬信》

主送对象:顶格写,公开发表的可不写。

正文:一是概述表扬的缘由,简明陈述其先进事迹的梗概;二是对先进事迹作出恰当评价、热情的赞扬和充分肯定;三是表达向被表扬者学习心意,或号召群众向被表扬者学习。

落款:单位和时间。

2、感谢信

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体向有关方面、有关人员的支持和帮助表示感谢的一种专用书信。

⑵主要写法与表扬信大致相同。结尾写“此致敬礼”或“顺致最诚挚的谢意!”

3、祝贺信

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体向取得突出成绩或遇上重大喜事的有关方面、有关人员表示庆贺的专用书信,也叫贺信,以电报发出叫贺电。

⑵标题:贺信、祝贺信或加上发信单位、祝贺理由。

主送对象:顶格写。

正文:一是表明贺意,二是肯定成绩,三是简要作结,结尾再另起一行写上祝语或敬语。

落款:单位和日期。

4、邀请书(请柬、请贴)

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体或个人郑重地邀请有关单位、有关人员参加某项活动、会议、工作时所使用的一种专用书信。

⑵标题:有封面的写封面,无封面的居中写标题,横排竖排均可。竖排标题写中上方位置。

应邀对象:此致 XX单位(XX同志、先生、女士)或恭候XXX光临。

正文:说明邀请事由,即写明活动时间地点,及报到有关事项。结尾“恭请(敬请)光临”。

落款:单位和时间。 印制请柬应注意:用语热情、诚恳、典雅、明白、得体。注意喜庆款式和设计艺术性,封面大方、精美。丧务请柬现多用《讣告》取代。

5、聘请书(聘书、聘约)

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体聘请有关人员担任某一职务或承担某工作时所使用的专用书信,一示敬重,二为守约。

⑵标题:居中写聘请书(聘书、聘约)

聘请对象姓名:顶格写,也可在正文中特聘XXX为XX,或在正文后写此致 XXX同志。

正文:简要说明聘请原因、职务、期限,有的还写职责、权限、待遇、要求等。

落款:单位和时间,盖章。

印制的聘书常设计一个精美、庄重、大方的封面。

6、倡议书

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体等为推进某项工作顺利进行,促进某项活动积极开展,向社会或有关方面首先公开提出的,带有号召性建议的一种专用书信。

⑵标题:可写正副双标

主送对象:泛指的可不写,如在正文写“特向XXX发出如下倡议”。

正文:分引言和主体,引言写原因、目的、形势、背景,“特提出如下倡议”过渡到主体。主体写明建议或希望大家做什么、怎么做,分条列出。

落款:单位和时间。

倡导内容要有针对性和可行性,语言有号召力和鼓动性,为扩大影响可公开张贴、广播或登报刊等。有关方面响应倡议书的发出的倡议叫附议,写法相同。

7、嘉奖书(嘉奖令、奖状、奖励证书、荣誉证)

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体对有关单位、有关人员所作出的成绩作出嘉奖、表彰、肯定的专用书信。

⑵格式:标题;嘉奖对象;正文:写清被嘉奖者在什么时候什么岗位取得什么成绩,或被评选为某某荣誉称号;结尾“特此奖励”或“特发此状(证),以资鼓励。”;落款:单位和时间,盖章。

第三课时

教学目的:了解告启类文书写作

告启类文书是指机关、单位、团体就某一具体事项向群众公开陈述、报道、解说,以使周知的一种简短应用文,通常包括启事、声明、公示、公告、通告、海报、商业广告、通知、通报、产品说明书等。

1、启事

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体需要公开向大家说明某件具体事情,或希望公众协助办理某项具体事务而使用的应用文。

启事可以处理公、私事,不便以通告、公告等公文文种行文时,就采用启事。如招领、寻人、寻物、征订、征文、征房、招工、招聘、迁址、更名、改期、更正、开业、停业等事项。启事不如公告类公文具有较强的约束力和强制性,多具祈求性、商洽性和周知性。

⑵标题:常以事由+文种为题,也有直以事由或以文种为题。不能错写成“启示”。

正文:写明启事内容,告诉大家什么事,需要大家帮什么忙,原因、目的、要求等,结尾可写特此启事、此启,或不写。

落款:启事单位、时间,加章。

语言注意:表述要明确、周到,语言要得体,祈求性的启事要真挚有礼,寻物启事要写清特征,而招领启事则要笼统含糊,以便认领核对。

2、声明

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体对重大事件、重要问题表明立场、观点、态度或主张而发表的一种公文。

一种是政府外交专用的声明,如《外交部声明》,也要两国联合声明。另一种是机关、企事业单位均可使用的通用声明,如宣布重要证件、支票、公章作废的声明。 ⑵标题:常用单位+事由+文种

正文:一是发出声明的原因、目的,二是声明的主要内容,要声明立场、态度、主张,语言精炼,用词恳切,切忌笼统、含糊。

落款:单位、时间。标题已发单位的可不写单位,只签署法人代表职务、姓名,有的联署法律顾问姓名。

3、公示

⑴定义:领导机关或机关、单位、团体领导机构,需要作出涉及某项决策、人事任免、组织处理或安排等要事项的决定,在事前征示一定范围公众意见的一种周知性公文。如《干部任前公示》。

标题:最好不省略,而要按三要素写清楚。

正文:一是公示缘由,二是公示事项,三是公示要求,便于群众反馈。公示时间一般是7-15天。

落款:单位和时间,加章。

4、公告

⑴定义:向国内外或社会发布重要事项或者法定事项时所使用的一种公文文种。公告通常是国家机关使用,而企事业单位一般用通告、启事。⑵对不良事和人的处理则常用布告、告示。

5、通告

⑴定义:在一定范围内公布应当遵守或周知事项的一种公文。具有通知和告知性,也具有行政约束力和法律效力。

⑵标题:事由+文种

正文:一要简明,重要事项要写清相关法律、政策依据和奖惩办法。二要注意行文语气,一般事项带有要求协助语气,特殊事项具有强制性,语言要严肃庄重。

公告、通告、启事的联系与区别:三者都是公开发表示的告知性文书,都可在公共场所“公告栏”内张贴,但公告级别最高,范围最大,一般是国家机关发布;通告一般具有纪律、法律约束力;启事级别最小,使用灵活,适用性强,不具强制性。

6、海报

⑴定义:机关、单位、团体向公众公布有关文化、艺术、体育、科技、学术和展览等方面活动消息的文书。凡此类消息不宜用启事、广告、通知的就用海报,公布商品消息、其他事项由不宜用海报。

⑵标题:如海报或球讯、电影消息、演出海报,可以配以图画,字体活泼多变。

正文:写明活动内容、时间、地点、主办单位、参加人员、参加方式和注意事项。

落款:若已写入正文中可省略。

特点比较灵活,可以配图,巧妙设计,新颖活泼,字体、颜色都可变化;可用修辞,但不能乱吹。

第四课时

教学目的:继续了解告启类文书写作

一、了解商业广告、产品说明书、通知、通报写作

1、商业广告

⑴定义:广告就是“广而告之”,商业广告是通过一定媒体把商品、服务信息传递给人们,以便广泛宣传、促进销售的一种专门经济文书。

⑵广告对产品对企业的作业不言而喻。广告一可传播市场信息,沟通产销渠道;二可促进生产发展,提高经济效益;三要如实介绍商品,正确指导消费;四可促进市场竞争,活跃市场经济;五能开拓国际国内市场,了解市场行情;六能美化市容环境,丰富文化生活。

广告为了追求宣传效果,突破了体裁格式限制,只有原则,没有固定模式,要根据商品本身、媒体质介和消费者心理特点来设计。形式可以多种多样,追求完美的艺术性和丰富的知识性、感观的趣味性。写作时要有推销价值、要有明确的宣传对象、要有鲜明的主题、要抓住消费者心理、要讲究表达的艺术性。

广告分类:按内容可分为商品广告、劳务广告、观念广告等,按传播媒体分印刷纸质广告、电视电台广告、交通路牌和公共场所广告等。 ⑶广告的主要内容:一是商品原料、制作、效用、价值和价格;二是商品的性能、特征及对消费者作用、意义;三是商品的竞争优越性;四是商品的用户反映;五是选购的好处;六是商品制造者(厂家)、经销商及其成功声誉。

⑷广告原则:一是法律性原则,必须遵守《广告法》;二是真实性原则,货真价实;三是思想性原则,以先进的思想、正确的舆论、高尚的精神,引导消费者,不能包含迷信、色情及颓废的内容来刺激消费者;四是战略性原则,要与企业产品总的战略目标和长远利益出发策划制作广告。

⑸广告的一般结构:标题、口号、正文、落款。

报刊广告标题很讲究,不仅集中醒目表现广告主题,而且吸引消费者注意,诱发阅读兴趣,促使购买欲望。有直截了当式标题,有间接性标题,复合型标题。写法常有四种,一是新闻式,如“XX交易中心隆重开业”;二是问答式,如“谁不希望牙好胃口就好?”三是赞美式,如“财旺福旺--旺旺雪饼”;四是格言式,如“犀利砂带磨世界不平”。

广告口号又叫标语,在广告文字中常反复使用,是企业、商品的形象标志,有的是企业服务理念、宗旨、精神,如福人药业造福人人。便于记忆和传播。

广告正文一般有开头、主体、结尾三部分,写法不拘一格,体式多样。最后要落款,尽量告知购物地点、运输方式、付款方式、厂商名称、地址、电话和银行帐号等。

2、产品说明书

⑴定义:介绍产品的性能、特点、构造、使用、保养、维修等有关知识的说明性经济文书。

⑵产品名称:注明型号、商标、批准生产文号

产品说明:一是性能、特点、功用;二是原料组成或基本结构;三是规格或指标(主要参数);四是产品使用方法;五是保养和维修;六是注意事项,如三包“包修、包换、包退”条件等。

⑶产品说明书要讲究实用性、真实性、条理性。在内容上要写出产品的知识性、实用性,在说明上要注意准确性、科学性,在取舍上要抓住重点,突出特点,在表达上注意通俗性条理性,不要滥用科学术语和行业用语。为了便于外国消费者,还要译成英语等。

广告的目的在于宣传企业,介绍产品简略,讲究艺术性;说明书侧重介绍产品知识,要详细,简洁平实。有的产品将其编入“用户手册”中。

⑷标题:产品牌号+名称+文种

正文:开头简要括产品概况,主体详细介绍产品有关知识,一般采用条款式写法,结尾写主体不便介绍的内容,如运输、保存、禁忌等等。

落款:厂名、厂址、电话、帐号等。

3、通知

⑴通知是一种最常用的公文,用于批转下级机关的公文,转发上级机关和不相隶属机关的公文,传达要求下级机关办理和需要有关单位周知或者执行的事项,任免人员。具有知照性和通用性。

⑵格式主要由标题、开头语、主体、结束语和落款构成。

标题:除极简单的事只写“XX通知”外(如会议通知、停电通知等),一般都应在通知前加上发文机关和事由,便于尽快了解通知的主要内容。有的还要加“紧急”、“重要”、“补充”等字样。

主送对象:受通知的对象一般要写全。

正文:要交代发文的原因、意图、目的,通知的什么事情,有哪些具体要求和意见,受文单位应如何办理。正文大体可分为总分条文式、归纳式、篇段合一式。

落款:正文右下方注明发文机关和成文日期。

⑶工作通知写法:一般包括通知缘由、通知事项、通知要求,多数采用总分条文式结构。通知缘由写出发通知的背景、依据、目的等,是文章的主旨。通知事项是主要部分,要写明做什么、怎么做,即工作任务、原则规定、执行要求、具体措施、注意事项等。通知要求是结束语,一般以要求、希望结束。 ⑷会议通知的写法比较简单、灵活,写清开会的原因、目的、会议名称、主要议题、到会人员、会议报到时间和地点、需要准备的材料等。机关内部小型会议通知在单位内张贴或广播,只写清时间、地点、到会人员和议题就行了。

⑸批转、发布性通知针对批转、转发的文件或发布的行政规章、管理规章而发的,通知是正件,原文件成了附件。

任免通知写法极为规范单一,只须简明扼要写胆任命或免职的根据和内容,有的写清任期、聘期和待遇。

事项通知与通告、启事相似,但用法不同。

4、通报

⑴通报是在一定范围内表彰先进、批评错误、传达重要精神或交流重要情况,以推动面上工作的一种下行公文,一般分表彰通报、批评通报和情况通报。

⑵标题:事由+文种,也有新闻式双标题

主送机关:写专指对象,普发的可不写对象,文后注明发至范围。

正文:分直述式和转述式写法,材料务求真实、准确。表彰的典型要有普遍意义,批评的典型要有典型性,针对性不强,普遍受表扬或普遍挨批评,对群众起不了教育作用,对工作没有指导性,宁可不发。

落款:注明单位和日期。

⑶表彰性通报包括先进事迹、评价、表彰决定、希望和要求四部分。

批评性通报除批评处理错误外,还要着重从中吸取教训,引起有关方面警觉,防止类似事件再发生。

情况通报多为一事一报,灵活自如,因文而定。主要是据实反映情况,分析问题,针对问题提出要求和希望。

作业

在表扬信、启事、商业广告、通知、通报、产品说明书中任选一种试写一篇应用文,内容从《宝塔村》第

一、二期文章中自选,字数为100-1000字。

第二讲 机关事务类、计划类文书写作

教学计划:

1、了解常用呈报性事务文书请示、报告、函等写作方法。

2、了解会议类文书会议工作报告、专题讲话和开幕词、闭幕词、主持词、会议记录、会议纪要等写作方法。

3、了解计划类文书计划、总结的写作方法。

4、了解信息简报和新闻消息、通讯、新闻评论的写作方法。

教学重点:会议报告、计划、总结、简报

教学时间:四课时

第一课时

教学目的:了解常用呈报性事务文书的写作

一、简要点评上一讲作业完成情况。

二、讲授常用呈报性事务文书的写作

1、请示

⑴定义:用于向上级机关请求批准或指示的一种上行公文。凡是下级无权解决、无力解决及按规定要经上级决断的问题必须向上级行文请示。

⑵标题:发文单位+事由+文种,不能将文种误写成请示报告、报告或申请,不宜写成“关于请求(或申请)XXX的请示”。 主送机关:一般只写一个主送机关,若同时要送其他机关应抄送。一般不要写给领导个人名字。

正文:一般由请示原因、事项和结语组成。请示原因应简明扼要而又充分地陈述请示的原因、依据,不宜太多太长。请示事项是重点,请求上级机关给予指示、批复、答复的具体事项,所提建议和要求要切实可行,一般应写“拟”怎么办。请示结语常用“妥否,请批复”、“特此请示,请予批准”、“请批准”、“请审批”、„请指示”等,不要用“可否(妥否、当否),请批准”不合逻辑的用语作结。

落款:发文机关和日期

⑶请示写作要注意一文一事,切忌把几件事写在一起,制发时要注意各方面协调,不宜多头主送、多级主送,一般送直接上级,不得越级上报。越级时要抄送被越过的上级。不得抄送下级。正式印发的请示应在文头注明签发人、会签人姓名。

⑷批复:用于答复下级请示事项的一种下行文书,包括标题、主送机关、正文和落款。正文中批复对象要针对请示单位,批复事项要明确,直截了当,不同意的要表明态度和观点理由。结语一般“特此批复。”

请批函:指向平级或不相隶属的业务主管部门制发的请求批准函。

商洽函:平行单位之间商洽工作、联系有关事宜的函。

询问答复函:上下级之间相互询问答复处理有关具体问题的函。不宜用指示、通知、批复、报告、请示等较正式公文时一般用函。

2、报告

⑴定义:用以向上级机关汇报工作、反映情况、答复询问的一种上行公文。一般分工作报告、情况报告、答复报告、报送报告。

⑵标题:发文机关+事由+文种

主送机关:力求单一

正文:由报告缘由、内容、结语构成。内容是重点,依靠事情的发展变化脉络、认识处理问题由浅入深来写。也可按基本情况、经验、教训或问题、改进意见或建议来写。不能夹带请示事项。结语一般以“特此报告”、“请审阅”等,也可不写。

落款:写明机关和日期。

⑶综合性报告要注意处理好点与面、事与理、详与略的关系。专题报告一文一事一报,专题总结工作经验或教训,可以工作中期写,便于反馈情况。

工作报告:向上反映经常性的工作情况,包括基本情况、主要成绩、经验体会、存在问题、基本教训和今后意见等,根据实际情况各有侧重。

情况报告:常用于向上汇报偶发性的灾害、事故、案情、敌情和重要社情、民情、商业行情,或督促办理、检查某工作,举办重大活动、会议,对某项工作失误和问题进行检讨和反思等等。

答复报告:针对性强,有问必答,答其所问,以示负责。

报送报告:向上报送工作,极为简单。

议案:用于各级人民代表按照法律程序向同级人民代表大会或人民代表大会常务会提请审议的事项。

提案:是政协委员的专用文种。一般有正式的格式纸。

第二课时

教学目的:了解会议类文书写作

1、会议工作报告和专题讲话

⑴会议工作报告:是主要领导人在代表会议、工作会议上代表领导机构所作的,说明成绩和经验、问题和教训,介绍形势与工作情况提出任务与措施的全面性报告。

专题讲话是有关领导人在会议上围绕形势与任务,就某方面工作、某一专门问题所作的指导性讲话。

⑵会议报告极富政论性和鼓动性,成文具有群体性,代表领导班子集体,甚至在一定范围内征求意见,具有临场性和不确定性。

⑶标题:一般由事由+文种,会议名称+文种,新闻式双标题,正题突出报告中心,副题说明会议名称、文种,有的还写明报告人和时间。 签注:标题下通常注明报告者姓名、职务和报告时间,标题已注明人、时的不再签注。

称谓:一般为“各位代表”、“同志们”。如果有重要来宾,还可专指性称呼,以示礼貌。称谓要涵盖所有与会者。

正文:一般分开头、主体、结尾三部分。通常是开头部分揭示报告的内容范围,或开门见山揭示主旨,或概述背景和形势,或说明报告缘由。结尾提出希望、表示祝愿和态度。主体是重点,或分析形势,总结成绩,阐述经验教训;或指明方向,布置任务;或提出目标,说明措施办法;或摆事实讲道理,阐述大家关注的热点问题。多采用递进式和并列式、总分式。

⑷写作会议报告一要把握主要内容的分寸,一般回顾前阶段工作,总结经验和规律,指出不足和教训,提出下阶段目标和任务。要注意内容的全面,重点的突出,总结成绩要实事求是,指出问题不要与成绩自相矛盾,提出目标任务要切合实际。二要吃透上下两头。认真领会上级政策、方针、路线和最新指示,从大局大背景上考虑本单位工作,克服地方本位主义和小团体主义,站在服务群众的立场。要全面掌握本单位各战线工作业绩,实事求是,讲真话,报喜不夸喜,报忧不缩忧,提目标不吹牛,不提过头口号,不要好高骛远。三要写出新意,写出特色。克服报告雷同化,只要深入实际,认真研究本单位工作规律和特殊性,就能写出有个性的报告。四要就事论理,逐层递进,顺理成章。语言简洁、明快、易懂、好记、诚恳、真挚,符合报告者的讲话习惯,少用长句,少用结构较复杂的复句。

⑸专题讲话一般注重专一性和集中性,只在内容侧重上有所不同。

会议总结报告一般由会议主持人在会议结束时,对会议基本情况进行归纳,对会议讨论作出总结,对有争议的问题阐明领导核心的倾向性看法,对主题报告、专题报告进行概括性强调、归纳、补充,并提出贯彻落实要求。可以代替闭幕词。

2、开幕词、闭幕词、主持词

⑴开幕词是大型会议开幕式上有关领导对会议所作的开宗明义的短篇讲话。郑重宣布大会开幕,简介会议的形势和背景,阐明会议宗旨,指导思想,目的意义、会议中心和议程,提出开会的纪律和要求。结尾常写“预祝大会圆满成功。”

⑵闭幕词是大型会议闭幕式上有关领导对会议所作的总结会议的讲话。结尾部分用坚定有力的语言对与会者发出号召、希望,用热情真挚的语气感谢大家对会议的支持,表示真诚的祝愿,最后郑重宣布会议胜利闭幕或散会。

⑶主持词,将开幕词和闭幕词串起来,加上中间承接会议各项议程的过渡语言。一般一天以内的会议议程只写主持词,一天及以上则要分开写开幕词和闭幕词,及主持串词。

3、会议记录、会议纪要

⑴会议记录是开会的过程中由专门记录人员把会议的基本情况、研究和讨论的问题、报告和发言的内容、形成的决议和各方面的意见,如实记录下来的书面材料。要求真实笔录,作为分析会议、研究会议精神的依据,是撰写会议纪要、会议简报、会议总结报告的基础,是检查工作备查资料。

⑵标题:单位+事由+名称

会议组织情况:时间、地点、出席人、缺席人、列席人、主持人、记录人。

记录时把握三点:一是记载会议中争议的问题时应将争议的观点的详细记录;二是关键问题、要害问题要详细记录;三是最重要发言人或主持人的归结性发言要记录清楚。学习速记,用自己的话记,忠于原意,字迹清楚。结束后要请主持人与记录人签名,以示负责。

⑶会议纪要是记载和表达会议主要精神和议定事项的公文文体。有五个特点,适用对象的特定性,撰写内容的纪实性,表达方式的纪要性,作用范围的特定性,行文用语的规定性。

会议纪要是记述会议成果的,纪会议之“要”,在分析综合之后提炼“要”。一般用“会议讨论了以下几个问题”,与会同志认为,会议提出、会议指出、会议决定、会议强调、会议要求、会议号召之类语言。

第三课时

教学目的:了解计划类文书写作

1、计划 ⑴计划是机关、单位为做好某阶段工作,完成某项任务,从本单位、本地区实际出发,事先写出工作目标、相应措施办法和完成任务的步骤、时间等文书。

⑵计划具有预见性、可行性和模糊性。是领导指导工作的重要手段,是建立正常工作秩序,提高工作效率的重要前提,是检查工作、总结经验的重要标准。按性质和用途分类为规划和纲要、要点、设想和打算、方案、安排、意见等。

⑶规划和纲要是时间较长、范围广、内容概括的长远计划,一般是3年及以上。

要点是一种粗线条式、提纲式的计划,一般为一年计划。

设想和打算一般是初步的、预备性的或非正式的计划。

方案一般是专项工作、专业性较强的具体计划。

安排是时间较短、范围较小、内容单

一、具体的计划。

意见作为一种计划时,对下级某阶段工作提指导性或建议性的计划。

⑷计划的四要素包括目标和任务、措施和办法、步骤和时间、检查和督促。

⑸计划的格式:

标题:单位+时限+事由+文种

正文常分开头、主体、结尾三部分。开头主要交待制订计划的依据、目的和要求、指导思想或背景材料等。

主体部分可采取条文式、分部式、贯通式写法,也有表格式。

结尾提出希望和号召或提出问题和困难,提醒防患于未然,也可不写。

落款:写单位和日期,有的注明报送单位。

表格式计划,如工作日程安排表、行事月(周、日)历。

2、总结

⑴总结是对前一阶段工作回顾、反思和分析研究,找出成绩和问题、经验与教训,用来指导今后工作的应用文。

⑵总结是自身实践的本质反映,是对客观事物规律的认识反映,必须实事求是,有群众基础,阐明“为什么做得这样”。通过总结可以肯定成绩,发现问题,分析成功与失败的经验或教训,认识客观事物发展规律,便于制订工作计划,为领导机关提供决策参考。

总结分为综合总结、专题总结和个人总结。

⑶标题:一是四项式标题,单位+时限+事项+文种;二是新闻式双标题;三是公文式标题。

正文通常包括开头、主体和结尾三部分。开头简明扼要,紧扣中心,有吸引力。常用概括式、结论式、提示式、对比式或提问式。

主体包括一是做法、成绩和经验;二是问题与教训;三是今后工作设想和努力方向(也可作为结尾)。主体部分写作结构常用分部式,如“情况--成绩--经验--问题--意见”、“主旨--做法--效果--体会”;阶段式,把工作过程按时间顺序或工作进程划分几个阶段来写;总分式,先概述主要情况后,再逐条逐项排列,或以工作经验体会为序分条列项,或以工作项目、工作成绩为序;贯通式,围绕中心按时间或事物发展顺序,抓住主要线索,层层分析说明,总结工作全过程;统计图表式,把工作情况、成绩分门别类列项统计,图表显示,并加以文字说明,直观,便于比较分析。

落款写总结单位和时间。

⑷总结根据侧重点不同可分为成绩总结和经验总结,各有所长。但总结一要实事求是,切忌虚假;二要突出重点,切忌平淡;三要写出特色,切忌平庸;四要注重分析,切忌肤浅。

第四课时

教学目的:了解信息类文书写作

1、简报

⑴简报是机关、单位、团体用来汇报工作反映情况、传递信息、交流经验的公文。简要的情况报告、情况通报。综合性很强,集多种应用文特点、优点之大成,具有简、快、新、活的特点。 ⑵简报为上级提供各种情况、信息,便于决策和指导;便于兄弟单位和部门之间互通情况、交流信息,互相学习和借鉴、协调工作;及时向下级推广经验、通报情况、传递信息、传达领导意图、提出工作意见等。

简报分为工作简报、社会动态情况简报、会议简报等。

⑶标题,要求贴切、简明、醒目,可用说明式、提问式、警句式、双标题式等。

正文,没有固定格式和写法,要求观点鲜明、材料精当、条理清楚、语言简洁,常采用总分条文式、消息报道式、讲话发言摘要式、列小标题分部式、集锦动态式、简要通讯式、数据图表分析式。

落款注明作者或供稿者。

⑷简报文面格式常包括报头部分,套红大字版头,期号、编印单位和日期、密级;主体部分含标题、正文、作者;报尾部分在最后一页下部用横线与正文隔开,含报送对象、印数。

简报有时可以加上按语、编者按或领导按,是编辑对所编发简报稿附加的说明、批注、评析或者建议的文字。

2、新闻消息

⑴新闻也叫消息,将已经发生或正在发生的事通过报刊、广播、电视、网络等传媒发布出来的一种常用记事文体。企业厂报厂刊也常发布内部消息,作用和性质近似于简报。

⑵消息的特点是真、短、快、新。真,用事实说话;短,语言简炼,篇幅短小,一事一报,俗称“豆腐块”;快,迅速快捷,讲究时效;新,要求是首次发生或正在发生事情中的最新变化,也有旧闻第一次披露现象。

⑶消息结构一般包括标题、导语和主体、结尾四部分。标题分单标题、双标题、三标题,三标题前为引题,中为正题,下为副题,双标题舍去引题或副题,单标题只留正题。导语是开头第一段,前以“本报讯”、“新华讯”载明来源,“通讯员XXX报道”、“记者XXX报道”载明作者。一般导语用一句话交待清事情的最主要内容或最精华内容,吸引读者读下去。主体,上承导语,回答导语中所概括的内容。写法灵活,但一般六要素必须齐全。消息的结尾可有可无,一般是收束全文的最后一句话或一段话,强化读者印象,与导语或标题呼应。有的消息还要加入背景材料,在后叫新闻链接,在前就叫引子,有的是编者加上的“按”语。

3、通讯

⑴通讯是一种综合运用叙述、描写、议论、说明等方式详细形象地报道典型人物或事件的新闻体载。一般分为人物通讯、事件通讯或工作通讯。

⑵通讯特点是新鲜及时,形象生动,还可以评论说理,手法灵活,内容丰满,现场感强。

通讯写作要注意选材,典型突出,反映时代精神,是新人新事新风尚,事中写人,人在事中。要注意运用多种表现手法,增强文章的感染力和感召力。有别于纪实性文学报告。

4、新闻评论

⑴新闻评论是报纸常用的一种议论性文体,对重大新闻典型进行点评,提炼其社会意义、价值和影响、风尚等。

⑵一般包括社论、短评、特约评论、评论员文章、编者按语、编后短论、记者述评以及杂文、随笔等。具有鲜明的政治观点和理论立场,强烈的新闻眼光,就事论事,一针见血,画龙点睛。

作业:

重新修改各自个人或部门2007年工作总结和2008年工作计划。

第三讲 规章类、经济类文书写作和应用文的写作技巧

教学计划:

1、了解管理规章类文书规定、办法、章程、细则、守则、规范、制度、公约的写作方法。

2、了解经济类文书市场调查报告、市场预测报告、经济活动分析报告、经济合同等写作方法。

3、了解应用文写作的一些基本技巧。

教学重点:市场调查报告、经济合同和写作技巧

教学时间:四课时

第一课时

教学目的:了解规章类文书的写作

一、点评上一讲作业完成情况

二、了解规章类文书的基本含义和类别

1、为了实现管理的制度化、规范化和科学化,常需要制订一些法规、规章和管理制度,作为人的行为准则。

先要具分清法规、规章和管理规章的涵义。

法规是国家省级以上行政机关、人大会根据宪法、法律和有关规定按照法定程序制订发布的具有法律强制执行力的规范性文件的总称。常用“法”、“条例”。

规章是为执行法律、法规需要,在本部门本区域内依照权限和程序制定的规范性文件,常用条例、规定、办法。

管理规章是单位在其职权范围内,为实施管理和规范工作、行为,而制定出的具有行政效力的文件,也称规章制度。

2、规章类文书写作格式基本相同相近,结构规范成形。

标题:(1)适用范围或对象+规范事项+文种

(2)公文式标题,如“关于XXXX的规定” 签注:或落款,注明发文单位和日期

正文:(1)章断条连式,总则、分则、附则三部分,以章为序,以条为则,连续编号。

(2)条文并列式,从头至尾用条文组织内容。第

一、二条说明目的、根据、原因和适用范围,最后一两条说明实施要求和生效时间、解释权。

(3)总分条文式,如《党章》。

3、写作规章文书的基本要求:有法律、法规依据;内容周到严密;语意准确无歧义,不带感情色彩词句和修辞手法,态度鲜明,文字简洁,概念科学;还要求结构合理,层次分明,条文内容单一完整,互不交叉包孕,合符逻辑;发扬民主,广泛听取群众意见。

4、注意事项:注意区别设定权利和义务的词语,如“可以、应当、必须、要”等。大量使用“的”字结构短语设定规范或责任。慎用单音节词。准确使用近义词。指示代词一般用“其他”,不用“其它”。以上、以下、以内等均包括本数,不满、以外则不含本数。

三、了解规章类文书的具体写法。

1、规定、办法

规定、办法用途较广,既可用于法规、行政规章,也可用于管理规章。

规定多用于对某方面工作作出部分规范和要求,着重写明应该、必须、可以做什么,不能、禁止做什么,违者如何处理等内容。办法多用于某项工作作出具体规范和要求,重在处理的可操作性,着重写明应该怎么做,强制性语气比规定稍弱。

2、章程

⑴章程是规定一个集体的性质、宗旨、任务、组织机构、组成成员、活动规则等事项的管理规章。应注意全局性、严密性和共容性。国家行政机关和职能部门一般不使用。一般党派、学会、协会、董事会等使用。

⑵章程的结构一般由标题、签注和正文组成。

标题:组织(团体)+文种

签注:章程的权威性和执行效力标志,注明通过章程的会议和日期。 正文:分条分章的条连式或条文并列式。总则部分写明组织名称、性质、任务和指导思想等。分则各自为章,写明组成成员条件、组织机构、经费、业务范围、活动内容和方式、其他事宜等。附则常说明生效日期、实施要求、修订权限、办事机构地址等。

章程与简章不同,简章不等于简要的章程,更接近于启事。

3、准则、细则

⑴准则是单位团体对所属成员提出较高标准的行为品德规范和要求,必须认真遵守的一种管理规章,写法与守则类似。标题为适应对象+准则,标题下签注,也可正文后落款,一般比较简短,常为同一单位中各种规章中最重要的行为规定。

⑵细则为具体执行、实施有关法规、规章而制订的一种解释性、操作性的管理规章,常用法律法规的补充。写法与规定、办法类似。

4、守则、规则

⑴守则是在一定范围内对有关人员的行为和品德作出规范的管理规章。如《中学生守则》。

⑵规则是在一定范围内对某项工作、活动作出行为规范的管理规章。如《阅览室规则》。

相同之处写法相似,作用有局部性、单一性特点。不同之处守则侧重制约人,规则侧重制约工作、事项、行为。

5、规范、规程

⑴规范是对某项工作质量标准、质量要求作出的规定。常用来确定岗位责任、实行目标管理。如《质检科工作规范》。

⑵规程是对某项工作、某项活动的操作过程、实施办法作出的有序的规定。一般用于程序性较强的工作,如《电工操作规程》。

6、制度、公约

⑴制度是机关、单位对某项具体工作、具体事项制订出一些必须共同遵守的行为规范的规章。如《保密制度》。内容要求合理合法,职责分明,具体明确,结构单一,条文简短,语言简明,一看就懂,便于施行。

⑵公约是一定范围或有关群体的群众为正常进行工作和社会生活的需要,经过讨论协商而制订的某一方面的行为准则和品德规范。如《宝塔大道绿化爱护公约》。尊重群众意愿,内容单一,条文较少,易读易记,多用四字句,或顺口溜式押韵句。

第二课时

教学目标:了解经济类文书写作方法

经济类文书是经济管理和经济活动领域经常使用,并与经济工作直接有关的专用文书。是传递经济信息、提供经济决策依据的必要途径,是实行经济活动调控职能的重要手段,是建立经济关系、加强业务联系的纽带,是日常经济活动往来的重要凭证。

经济文书分为信息交流类,如市场调查报告;经济关系类,如经济合同、协议书、责任书;商品介绍类,如商业广告、招投标启事;经济管理类,如会计凭证、审计报告等。

1、市场调查报告

⑴市场调查报告是运用科学方法,有目的、有计划地对市场情况进行调查搜集和分析研究的经济文书。

⑵市场情况包括供与求、产与销两方面现状、变化和发展趋势,一是产品及其类别、销售环境、需求量、市场价格、流通渠道、竞争结构等;二是消费者对商品的需求欲望、购买动机、要求和意见。

⑶作用:市场调查报告对企业在生产营销过程中起着分析市场、提供信息、帮助决策作用;对流通部门起着促进销售的作用;对消费者起着指导消费、从优选购的作用;对领导部门起着掌握市场动态、把握全局,以便加强宏观调控的作用。

⑷内容:一是关于用户(消费者)情况的调查,包括现有用户数、构成、分布,用户经济状况、购买力,用户购买动机、消费习惯和心理;用户购买次数、数量、时间和地点;用户对企业评价等。二是关于产品情况的调查,包括产品的质量、性能、规格、价格、外观、包装、商标、使用方法和技术服务,产品的使用状况、用户满意度,产品在市场上的地位、竞争情况、库存等。三是关于销售情况的调查,包括商品在市场的销售状况、销售能力和潜力、销售环节和利润、渠道,开辟新的销售渠道的可能性,仓储和运输情况,广告情况(广告信息、媒介、效果、费用等),销售人员素质、组建、分布、培训、考核和报酬等。四是关于市场情况的调查,包括市场对企业产品的总需求量和潜在需求量,产品在同行市场占有率,市场的销售指数、发展趋势,竞争对手情况,国内、国际市场拓展开创情况。

调查方法常采用观察法、询问法、实验法。写作要求客观真实、典型合理、清楚简练。

⑸结构包括标题、正文、落款。

标题:项目+文种

正文:一是前言,简要写出调查的时间、地点、对象、目的、范围、方法等;二是主体,一般由情况和问题、分析和预测、建议或对策;三是结尾。

落款,署名和日期。

2、市场预测报告

⑴定义:以经济理论为指导,运用科学方法,对市场供销发展变化趋势及其规律,进行分析、研究和预测后,推测市场未来情况的经济文书。

⑵内容包括对市场商品需求的预测,对商品资源发展趋势的预测,对市场商品价格变化的预测,对消费结构和消费者心理及其变化的预测,对企业经济效益的预测。基本原则要注意系统性、客观性、连贯性、实效性。

预测报告的特点:预见性、科学性、时效性。

⑶调查报告与预测报告的异同:都是以市场调查所获得的信息为基础,为市场决策、生产经营调整服务,调查报告中也有预测,预测报告前提也是调查。不同之处是调查报告侧重市场现状,介绍“情况;预测报告侧重市场未来,发展趋势,写作难度更大。

⑷预测报告分类:按范围分,有全国性的、区域性的;按内容分,有社会需求、价格变动、市场占有率、资源资金等;按时限分,有短期(一年内)、中期(1-5年)、长远(5年以上);按方法分,有定量和定性预测报告,定量主要采用数字图表,定性用文字分析。

⑸结构主要有标题和正文。标题一般由预测的范围、时限、对象加文种,如《通城县2008年电动车销售趋势预测报告》。也可拟新闻式双标题。

正文,开头可写一个“前言“,简要介绍预测时间、对象、范围、目的和结果;主体包括现状、预测和建议三部分。

现状包括产销情况、同行业经营情况、购买心理和支付能力、本企业生产能力和技术设备等。预测是核心部分,应对所调查的材料、数据进行科学分析,去假存真,去粗取精,分析判断有根有据,预计、推测合乎事物发展逻辑,符合市场发展必须规律。建议是为了正确决策的依据,要符合客观事实,切实可行,不能好高骛远。

写好市场预测报告要加强市场理论学习,懂经济、社会和心理学等,要深入调查,广泛收集信息,要突出重点,把握关键。

第三课时

教学目的:继续了解经济类文书写作

1、经济活动分析报告

⑴定义:是经济部门或企业根据有关经济资料和调查获得的信息,对经济活动状况进行分析研究,作出正确评价的经济性文书。

⑵经济活动分析是以国家政策法规为指导,对一定时期全局或局部经济活动--生产、流通、分配、消费为对象,以计划指标、统计资料、会计核算资料和调查材料为依据,进行科学系统的分析和研究、评价。

作用:有利于管理部门发挥出管理职能,有利于科学地编制和调整经济计划,有利于企业改善经营管理,提高经济效益。 特点:注重分析,注重数据,注重总结。类似于经济工作总结和经营决策报告,更注重将经济活动经验上升为理性认识。

⑶结构:标题、正文、落款,正文包括前言、主体、结尾。

标题,单位名称+时限+文种

正文,前言有导语式、简况式和概述式写法。主体通常分为情况、分析、建议三层。结尾照应开头。落款署名和日期。

写作要求:要全面掌握国家相关政策法规,要大量占有材料,如计划、报表、总结、统计、帐簿等,还有各方面真实情况,要运用科学的经济方法进行分析,揭示经济活动规律。常用比较分析法、因素分析法和预测分析法。

2、经济合同

⑴经济合同又叫经济契约,是经济活动中的当事人双方或多方为实现一定的经济目的,明确相互权利和义务关系而依法签订并共同遵守的契约性文书。

⑵经济合同是市场经济专业化协作的纽带,有利于加强企业的经营管理,有利于国家对企业进行有效的监督,有利于对经济工作的宏观调控,有利于提高经济活动中当事人的法制观念。

⑶特点:一是内容的经济性,明确双方经济业务关系。二是法律的约束性,要依法成立,合同确定的责权利是法律保护的凭证,必须遵守,签订双方一般要求具有法人资格,一旦签订即生法律效力,发生纠纷可以通过仲裁和起诉。三是效能的时限性,写明履行合约的期限和日期,超期则违约。四是合同各方的对等性,权利和义务平等,同等受法律保护,等价有偿,不得采取胁迫、欺诈手段;五是格式的规范性,工商部门有专门的示范文本和签订制度。

种类,按内容和功能分,主要有购销合同、建筑工程承包合同、加工承揽合同、货物运输合同、供用电合同、仓储保管合同、财产租赁合同、借款合同、财产保险合同、科技协作合同等。

⑷结构,分为标题、签约各方名称、正文和落款。

标题:常写明合同性质,标题下方标注合同编号。

签约各方名称:写明签订合同各方单位名称和代表人姓名。甲方、乙方,卖方、买方,供方、需方等。

正文,包括开头和主体两部分。开头写明双方签约的目的和依据,如“根据国家有关法律法规,经双方协议,订立如下条款,以资共同恪守。”

主体,一是标的,合同权利和义务双方所指对象,如货物、工程等;二是数量和质量,标的的具体数量、计量单位和规格质量和验检质量标准;三是价款或酬金,当事人履行各自义务的价值尺度,标明标的的价金或计算标准;四是履行合同的期限、地点和方式;五是违约责任,违约或不履行责任应采取的防范或制裁性措施;六是合同的份数和保存,写明一式几份,分别由谁保存,一般是双方各执一份,如有鉴证机关,则也存档一份。

如有附件,要将附件名称、件数、页数写在正文后面,材料附合同后面。

落款,署名要写明合同双方单位名称全称和签约代表姓名,并盖章,有上级鉴证单位的加盖鉴证章,签订日期。有的为了防止造假,正文和附件每页中加盖章或手印防伪。

⑸经济合同的签订原则:一是当事人要具有法人资格,二要符合国家的政策、法规;三是双方协商一致;四要体现平等互利;五要坚持等价交换。凡违背五条原则的可视为无效合同,一是当事人不具有法人资格或没有取得符合国家政策许可的合法资格;二是法人代理人超越了代理权限;三是超越职权或经营范围;四是无履约能力的法人;五是违反国家法律、政策、计划,违反国家利益和社会公共利益。

⑹写作要求,一是内容的条款必须具体、明确,不得遗漏,注意细节。二是经济合同的语言表述或格式填写要准确清楚,用语指代清楚,不可产生歧义,语气肯定,不能含糊不清,语言简练,书写工整。三是最好采用国家有关部门统一鉴制的示范性合同文本来写。

第四课时

教学目标:了解应用文写作的一些基本技巧。

一、应用文写作的一些基本技巧。

1、应用文写作特点:写作主体的服从性、被动性,不能随意创作,任意发挥;写作活动的群体性,文章不是代表个人,而是代表集体;写作过程的及时性,来得快,发得快;构思行文主要运用逻辑思维。写作时,要顾全大局,吃透两头,坚持实事求是,一切从实际出发,依法行文。应用文要注意接受对象的求实、求新、求尊、求近、求简、求知、求利等心理特点。

2、应用文标题:除法规、规章加书名号,一般不用标点符号。可加引号。公文式标题“关于”的用法,表求对事由在中心词语起关涉、介绍、提示、隔离的作用,与事由部分组成介宾结构,大多数情况下不能省略。标题常用黑体或宋体,字号在三号至二号之间。

3、应用文的开头:概述情况;说明根据,常用“根据”、“遵照”等领起;介绍目的,常用“为了”、“为”等领出下文;交代原因,常用“由于”、“因于”、“鉴于”等;阐明观点;表明态度;提出问题;慰问祝贺;引述来文;列序号开头等。

4、应用文正文结构层次:第一层为“

一、”第二层“

(一)”,第三层为“1.”,第四层为“(1)”,第五层为“①”。正文字体一般为三号仿宋体字,行距一般在25-35磅。用纸国际上通用A4纸,党委机关常用16开纸。页边距左右常留28mm,上下常留25mm。页码常选“1”、“-1-”。

5、应用文结尾:收篇点题;提出希望;强调说明;表示祝贺、慰问;自然作结。

6、应用文落款:单位名称要写全称,或者规范化的简称,标题下有签注的则不落款。日期可用“二○○八年三月十日”、“2008年3月10日”,用文件头发的公文只用能前一种。常见错误“二00八年三月十日”中的零用阿拉伯数字“0”或英文字母“O”代替。有些规章、命令、契约式的应用文,下发时落款单位下一行还要写明签署领导人职务和姓名,如“县长 XXX”、“厂长 XXX”。

7、应用文盖章:一种是单一发文的印章,盖章就代表单位,因此不再打单位名称,将章直接盖日期上。讲究“上不压正文,下骑年盖月”,不得采用“此页无正文”的写法盖章。另一种是联合发文印章,相互不交叉,不相切,不远离。

8、应用文的表达方式:常用说明、叙述、议论三种。

说明分为定义说明、释义说明、分类说明、举例说明、比较说明、引用说明等。议论由论点、论据、论证三要素构成,有例证法、引证法、对比法、因果法、反证法。叙述分为顺叙、倒叙、插叙三种。

9、应用文的语言:常用专用语,分为开头语、称谓语、经办时态语、引述语、期请语、征询语、期复语、表态语、综述转接语、结尾语等。介词短语,表对象范围,“对”、“向”、“关于”等;表目的,如“为”;表根据,如“依据”;表时间,如“当前”等。数字术语,准确、科学,注意增、减的表达,确数和约数的区分,以阿拉伯数字为主。模糊语言,如“基本上”、“大多数”等。“的”字短语,在规章中常用,如“情节严重的”。

二、主讲人与学员交流学习体会。

三、作业:写一份采购合同

第19篇:考研英语 应用文写作

考研应用文写作(A节作文) 一.应用文写作要求: 1 内容全面(覆盖面) 2 语言自然(词汇丰富,衔接手段的应用) 3 语法正确

4 语域得体(正式与非正式) 5 格式正确

二.写作类型:1信件(私人及公务)

2 备忘录

3 摘要

4 报告

三.写作总体把握:确定文章格式 与语域,抓住关键词,合理想象, 确定文章内容与结构

应用文分类破解 信件写作

(A) 信件格式:称呼 正文 结束语

签名

1 第一段自我介绍句型: I am

(a staff member of) _____________.写作目的句型: I am writing the letter in purpose of _____________.

感谢对方来信的句型: It is really a surprise to receive your letter of June 18.Your letter of June 18th has arrived.What a pleasing surprise!

thThank you for your letter of June 18. 2 结尾段句型: 1)表示感谢:My thanks to you for your general help are beyond words.I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind aistance you render me.

I apologize for all the inconvenienced I have Caused

2) 期待回信

I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.I look forward to hearing from you soon.

B 求学信写作

1首段: 自我介绍,申请原因, 说明写信目的 2 主体:自己的背景资料,询问对方学校的资料

3 结尾: 希望尽快收到答复,表示感谢与期待

常用句型:

th1) I am writing to inquire about the entrance to your university.

2) I wish to apply to your esteemed department as a postgraduate student.3) Your university is a well-staffed and well-equipped institute with a long history and a fine tradition of scholarship.4) Would you please be kind to furnish me with some related information?(P27)

C 投诉信

1 自我介绍,引出投诉内容 2 描述个人经历

时间、地点。First, …..then…..Later,…. Next,….Soon,….. Eventually,….

3 引起有关人员或公众注意,避免再次发生 4 希望能尽快得到满意答复 常用句型: 1 I’m writing to put forward some opinions about

2 I’m writing to complain about

3 I’m writing to you to expre my diatisfaction with 4 I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.

5 We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.

D 求职信

1 说明信息来源,表明写作目的和应聘职位.2 详述个人经历和能力:教育程度,所学专业(或询问薪水待遇) 3 希望获得面试机会,提供联系方式,感谢对方关心 常用句型:

1 I have read your advertisement in _____, and I should be grateful if you could consider me favorable for this position. 2 I am writing to apply for the position of __________ which you advertised in ____.3 I am writing to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of ___ you have advertised in

4 I graduated from the ________ university majoring in ______.I have been working in ______ since my graduation, and therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.

5 I would appreciate it if you could grant me an interview so that I could explain in more details.6 With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not le than ___ 7 If you want to know more about me, please contact me at ________.求职信范文

Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to expre my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitre.Enclosed with the letter is my resume, which further details my qualifications and previous work experience.

Not only do my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate for the job, but my personality is well suited to working as a waitre.I am a very friendly person who can quickly establish rapport with people of all ages.

I would like to meet with you at your earliest convenience, to discu the poibility of working at your restaurant.Thank you for your consideration of my application.I look forward to meeting you in the near future.

Your sincerely Li Ming The principle of hard work applies to 应用文写作(二) 推荐信写作

第一段:介绍自己背景,与被推荐人的关系以及为何事推荐

常用句型: As________(自己的背景或者与被推荐者的关系), I take great pleasure in recommending _________for acceptance into(for the position of )________.

I am_________.I am writing with pleasure to recommend _____, one of my favorite students, as far as all that I know, for the position in your company.

第二段:具体说明被推荐者的细节 常用句型: With good educational background and excellent character, ______ is qualified to apply for an appropriate position in your company.

第三段:表示期待以及愿意进一步提供信息 常用句型: A long journey begins with the first step.As far as I know of him, I am very pleased to write this letter of reference to support ______, a very promising young man to apply for ________.If you want to know more information about him, please don’t hesitate to contact me at _____. According to my knowledge of him in the past three years, I believe _____is qualified for this position.Should you need any further information about this student, please feel free to contact me ______.感谢信句型

Please accept my belated thanks for__________.I really appreciated your ___________.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for _________.

备忘录写作 Date: To: From: Subject: 正文:

通知的写作

Notice /announcement All students are requested to be present at the meeting to be held in the school auditorium on Saturday , January 14, 2005 at 3:00 pm.The meeting scheduled to take place this Tuesday is postponed until further notice.

写作病句回顾

1 There are many ways to know the society.For example, by TV, radio and newspapers. 2 When he made the decision.He found he began to regret.

3 English is a compulsory course in many colleges, and a student must pa it before he earns his degree.4 The problem is that your brain is le and le efficient, your proce is slower and slower.

5 However, there are still many students applying for teaching positions, teachers are very popular in our society.6 Take photos is my habit during travel. 7 Our cla has more than 200 students, often forcing me to sit on the floor.8 Because I want to be a scientist, so I worked very hard.9 I want to buy something that you will like it.

10 Knowledge, it is the most important things of our world.

11 To make progre, many factors have to be taken into account.12 In Nanjing, the weather is fine, you can enjoy your life here.

13 Getting married is easy, staying married is a difficult matter.

14 To learn English well is not an easy work.15 But it may occur many problems.16 Being a profeor needs knowledge, patience and your virtue.

17 Seeing this, many thoughts came into his mind.

However people who hold the view :global shortage of fresh water On the top of that, with the increasing of the factory .(前面句号改成逗号,前面不是一个完整的句子)There will need fresh water For example , a child lives with his parent for 18 years, when he go to university , he even don’t know what clothes to wear in every seasons.there is(删除) the flower fades in the same situation without the green house.Face(facing) this situation, drastic measure have be taken to and this unhealthy trend This picture vividly depicts that the athlete rushing to the end of line that is marked “start” in front and “end” in behind.But others do not agree with it, and believe there is several opportunity in everyone.more and more people come to realize that(删除) the important of kownledge.

第20篇:英语应用文写作1111

英语应用文写作

按照一般的格式英语信函主要由六个部分组成:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结句、签名。

信头(Heading)

信头由发信人地址和发信日期两部分组成,通常写在第一页的右上角。英语书信中的地址与中文正好相反,应该由小到大,先写门牌号码、街名,再写城市名、州(省)名、邮编、最后再写国名。如: No.256, Chaoyang Street Beijing, 100069, China

日期的写法英、美两种格式都可以,英国顺序为“日、月、年”,美国顺序则为“月、日、年”

信内地址(Inside Addre)

包括收信人的姓名和地址,一般置于信纸的左上角。

称呼(Salutation)

称呼位于收信人地址之下的一至二行,顶格写起,自成一行。

正文(The Body of the Letter)

信件的主要内容。

结句(Complimentary Closure)

类似于中文中的“此致”“敬礼”这类的话,主要是一些套语。

签名

道歉信

1) 道歉信的写法

致歉信是向收信人表示歉意的信件,包括三个部分:说明为何事而致歉;解释造成过失或不能履约的原因;再次致歉或提出解决方案。信息提示

信件启首

①直接表达自己不能实现先前的愿望或约定

②表达歉意

③诚恳希望对方能接受道歉

④ 表达出自己的心情,并请求对方原谅

⑤过渡句

⑥开始介绍道歉的原因

⑦阐述自己当时的处境和情况

⑧总结自己道歉的原因

⑨希望下次再次实现愿望

⑩约定下次约会的时间和地点

信件结尾与签名

2) 道歉信模板

Date:________

Dear______,

①I am exceively sorry to say/tell you that _______.② Now, I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret______.③Please accept my sincere apology______.④I fear you are displeased at _____.⑤I hope you will understand me and excuse me for______ .

⑥Let me explain.⑦The reason for my delay/absence was that _____.⑧I had no way out because ______⑨ Therefore it\'s not in my power to_______.

⑩Naturally, I want to suggest ____.I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me when and where you____.We may meet again and I hope to see you soon.

Yours,

XXx

道歉模版句型

I would like to give you my apology for...对于……我向你道歉。

Please accept my sincere apology for...请接受我关于……的真诚道歉。

I am indeed very sorry for what I said/did, but believe I had no intention to insult you.对于我说的话/做过的事,我确实感到很抱歉。但请相信,我并非要故意侮辱你。

Let’s not put a little misunderstanding between us.可别让我们之间存在哪怕一点点的误解。

Please forgive me for a stupid choice of words.请原谅我的用词不当。

I feel badly sorry about it and want you to know what happened.我为此感到非常内疚,所以想让你知道实情。 Please accept my apologies for my oversight.请原谅我的疏忽。

Please allow me to say sorry again.请允许我再次表示歉意。

I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.我真心希望你能理解我的处境,并接受我的道歉。

Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused.再一次,我为所有的不便表示歉意。

建议信

1) 建议信的写法

建议信是向某人对某事提出写信人的建议。建议信要写出写信的原因,建议的内容,提出建议的理由,提出合理请求性的建议。

信息提示

信件启首

① 写信的原因

② 引出作者的建议

③ 表述建议内容

④ 提出建议的理由一

⑧ 建议的理由二 具体到某一方面的建议内容 供被建议人选择的条件建议内容的另一方面

⑨ 其他的建议

⑩ 对建议内容的评价对建议内容所做的承诺

表达本人的愿望

信件结尾与签名

2)建议信模板

Dear ____ ,

①I am delighted to learn that_______ .②It .③In my opinion,_______.④On the one hand,________ .⑤On the other hand,_______.

⑥As to__________, I suggest_______.⑦If _______.⑧It is unneceary for you to_____ .⑨In addition, ____.⑩I am sure______.

Please inform me_____.I am looking forward to_______ .

Sincerely Yours,

Signature

建议模版句型

I would like to suggest that...我想……

I am writing to expre my views concerning...我写信来是要表达有关……我的看法。

You have asked for my advice with regard to...and I will try to make some suggestions.你问我有关……的事情,我会尝试着提出一些建议。

If I were you, I would...如果我是你,我会……

It seems to me that you could...我认为你可以……

I think it would be more beneficial if you could...我想如果你能……,可能会更好。

I believe you will take my advice into account.我相信你会认真考虑我的建议的。

I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/recommendations practical/useful/helpful.我希望这些建议/意见/看法对你来说实用/有用/有帮助。

I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.如果这方面有所改善我会非常开心的。

I will be ready for further discuing this matter into details.我时刻准备着就此事进行更详尽的讨论。

感谢信

1)感谢信的写法

信息提示

信件启首

① 直接表达谢意

② 表达出自己非常珍惜对方的付出/礼物

③ 对对方一定的赞美

④ 对方的情意对自己的影响

⑤ 介绍自己的近况

⑥ 表达出自己希望有回报的机会

⑦ 询问对方是否有时间

⑧ 表达自己回报的心情

⑨ 提出希望下次见面的愿望

⑩ 再次表达感谢

最后表达真挚的祝福

信件结尾与签名

2)感谢信模板

Date:_________

Dear____,

①I am now writing these few lines to expre my sincere thanks for____ .②I\'d like you to know how much your _____ meant to me.③You have a positive genius for ______.④I not only enjoyed_____ , but also___.⑤I shall ever remember _____ as one of the most _____ in my life.

⑥I _____.⑦I hope to have the opportunity of reciprocating(互换).⑧ Would you kindly let me know _____.⑨I will feel very honored and pleased if you have time to _____.⑩ How nice it would be to see you again and I am looking forwards to seeing you next time!

I repeat my thanks again for your_____.Please give my kind regards to your_____ .

Yours truly,

Signature

必背模版句型

I am writing to expre my thanks for...我写这封信是为了表达我对……的谢意。

I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for...在信中我要为……表达我真挚的谢意。

Thank you so much for the gift you sent me.Its one of the most wonderful gifts I ever got.非常感谢你给我寄来的礼物,这是我收到的最好礼物之一。

Many thanks for all the good things you have done in helping us to...非常感谢您为帮助我们……所做的一切。

I would like to take this opportunity to expre my great appreciation for your timely help and aistance.

我谨借此机会感谢您给予我们的及时帮助和支持。

On behalf of my whole family, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for...我谨代表我全家对……表示真诚的感激之情。

Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, we will nurture them forever.没什么能抹掉我们美好的记忆,我们会永远铭刻在心。

Thanks again for your kind help.对你的帮助再次表示感谢。

My true gratitude is beyond any words description.任何语言都不能表达我的真挚谢意。

Please accept my thanks, now and always.请永远记住我的谢意。

Your help is very much appreciated by each one of us.我们每个人都非常感谢你。

投诉信

1.写作攻略

具体写作步骤:

首段:表明来信所要投诉的问题,尽可能做到客观礼貌。

主体段落:写明投诉的原因、问题的经过及产生的后果。

结尾段:提出解决方案,不需展开。

Date

Dear XXX,

1 My name is (姓名).2 I am (身份).3 I venture to write you a letter about (表述抱怨内容).

4 The focus of the complaint is (抱怨内容的核心点).5 For one thing, (抱怨内容的一个方面).6 For another, (另一方面).7 Honestly speaking, (客观评论).8 But (抱怨产生的原因之一) 9 Besides, (抱怨产生的原因之二).

10 All in all, there is still much room for improvement (总结说明所抱怨现象或事物还有很大改进空间).11 I do hope (表达本人的愿望).12 Thank you for your time and kind consideration.(信件结尾常用语)

Sincerely yours

signature

2.必背模版句型

I am writing to make a complaint about...我写信是为了投诉……

I am most reluctant to complain, but...我非常不愿意投诉,但……

One annoying aspect of your service is...你们的服务项目中一个令人不满的地方是……

I have been pleased with your services for years, but now I feel very disappointed.多年来我一直很满意你们的服务,但现在我非常失望。

I would like to draw your attention to the problem/fault...我想让您知道这个问题/错误……

I am writing to inform you that I find...unsatisfactory.我写信是为了告诉你我发现……令人非常不满意。

I wish to expre my diatisfaction/disappointment about...我想表达我对……的不满/失望。

It would be highly appreciated if you could...如果你能……我将万分感谢。

I trust you will take my complaints seriously and...我相信你会认真对待我的投诉,并且……

I hope you will give due attention to this matter.希望对此事你能给予足够的重视。

I would like to get this matter settled by the end of this month.我希望能在月底解决这事。

I could not be more satisfied if you can kindly...如果你能……我将会非常满意。

I would appreciate it very much if you could...如果你能……我将非常感谢。

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