英语课外拓展4
I 英文潮词
职场冷暴力emotional office abuse
赞助费sponsorship fee
抚恤金financial compensation，compensation payment
草莓族Strawberry generation
母校alma mater
非难a kick in the pants
黑马dark horse
挥金如土spend money like water
意外怀孕 unplanned pregnancy
跳槽jump ship
闪婚flash marriage
闪电约会speeddating
闪电恋爱whirlwind romance
人渣scouring
II实用又时髦英文俚语
Stand on line
尽管大多数的美国人都会stand in line，纽约人会说，stand on line。如果你想要融入纽约的文化中，那你也可以这么做！
Hero
在纽约，你该到饭店去点一份hero。别担心，服务生不会当你是疯子。只要你不期待一个勇敢令人惊奇的男人到你的餐桌前就没有问题了。hero是纽约人叫大个的意大利潜水艇三明治。
Out in left field
不，这并是指在左区的棒球选手。你可以说某人是out in left field如果你觉得他们很古怪或是莫名其妙。\"Look at that strange guy! He\'s really out in left field!\"
All right already!
这个短语是用于愤怒中！这是另一种方式表示，“够了！停止吧！”例如，\"All right already! I\'ll do you a solid.Just stop bothering me!\"yingwen.911usa.com.cn
Fuhhgeddaboutit
这是纽约人如何发\"Forget about it!\"的音。本质上讲，这是“没有可能”的另一种方法。\"You want me to do you a solid? Fuhhgeddaboutit!\"yingwen.911usa.com.cn
Don\'t jerk my chain
作为一名游客，如果你认为有人在捉弄或是欺骗你的话，你就可以这么说！ Don\'t jerk my chain! 意思是别想欺骗我！
III秋裤英文原味来袭
口语里long johns就是秋衣秋裤的意思，动词用wear。blistering的本意是起泡，可以形容极度热也可以形容极度寒冷。北方的冬天是有暖气的，但我见过很多南方的朋友冬天也不穿秋裤，甚是佩服。hoodie是指篮球运动员很常穿的帽衫
It\'s chilly, bring a hoodie。
chilly是那种微凉的天气，这个时候需要穿一些薄一点的外套，hoodie是指篮球运动员很常穿的帽衫。 down jacket就是我们平时冬天穿的羽绒服
It\'s freezing, get a down jacket。
freezing比chilly要冷得多，不过比blistering cold要暖和一些，down jacket就是我们平时冬天穿的羽绒
服，一般是鸭绒填充的，仅次于军大衣的保暖装备！
风衣的另一种说法是trench coat
It\'s cooler in September, grab a windbreaker with you.
九月份天气凉爽下来，出去的时候记得带件风衣，在时尚圈，风衣的另一种说法是trench coat，在美剧里windbreaker可以理解为那种普通的外套。
III复古流行词儿英文版
study hard and move forward every day 好好学习，天天向上
food coupon 粮票
This allowed people to get certain food supplies under the planned economy.Low agricultural production meant insufficient food supplies and a quota system and the coupons were a means of distribution.The quota system lasted to the early 90s.The tickets are now the stuff of collectors。
计划经济体制下，粮票是人们购买某些粮食的必备凭证。较低的农业产出导致了食物供给的短缺和定额分配制度，而粮票恰恰解决了这一分配问题。这种定额分配制度一直持续到90年代早期。如今，它们已经成了收藏者们的挚爱。
educated youth 知青
From the mid-1960s to the late-1970s, about 17 million urban middle school grads answered Mao\'s call and flocked to the countryside.They were encouraged to pay respect to and learn from the peasants.By 1979, most educated youth were heading back to the cities but they had a hard time adapting to the changed world.
60年代中期到70年代末，约1700万城市中学毕业生响应毛主席的号召来到农村。他们被告诫要尊敬农民，向农民学习。到了1979年，大多数知青返回城市。但是他们很难适应新的社会。
pull string 走后门
Literally, entering through the back door.It originated under the planned economy when people used connections to get goods from the back door of a state-owned shop.This string-pulling reached a sort of climax in the late 1970s when the educated youth tried everything poible to get back to the cities.走后门可直译为entering through the back door。该词源自计划经济下人们利用自己的关系从国营商店的后门获取商品这一行为。这种现象在70年代末知青绞尽脑汁返回城市时达到了高潮。
laowai老外
“老外”直译就是old foreigner。“老外”这一新词出现在70年代末，改革开放后，大批外国人涌入中国。起初，该词含有一种戏弄的口气。如今，该词多用为一种友好的昵称。比如大山这种在中国居住、工作或学习时间较久，精通中国文化的外国人常被称作an old China hand（中国通）。
iron rice bowl 铁饭碗
A secure, lifetime job aigned by the government.Where was no fear of losing the job.By the 1980s, with the new market economy, there was a competitive model of employment.And the cherished iron rice bowl was gone after more than 30 years.
“铁饭碗”指由政府提供的有保证的终生制工作。因此，这些人永远不愁失去工作。然而，到了80年代，在新的市场经济体制下，就业竞争机制出现。存在了30多年之后，备受人们喜爱的“铁饭碗”退出了历史舞台。
all-round good student 三好学生
Literally, thrice-good, given to students who were virtuous, talented, and good at P.E.;first used in the 1950s by Mao to encourage young people to keep fit, study well, and work hard.
“三好学生”直译为thrice-good，指在德、智、体三方面都很优秀的学生。该词最早在50年代由毛主席提出，旨在鼓励年轻人强身健体、努力学习、勤奋工作。
