阅读训练教案 作者 宋海燕
默读
专家认为，做阅读理解不应该是读，而应该是看。默读有利于发展阅读者的内部语言，有利于强化理解，有利于提高阅读速度。测试表明，我们朗读时，一分钟能念125个字就已很不错了，而默读时，每分钟可读150个字以上，有人阅读小说时甚至可达每分钟600字。
默读时一定要做到如下三点：①全神贯注。这是有效阅读最需要的心理素质。②积极思维。默读有利于思维活动的开展，有利于深层理解。③减少回视。回视率高不仅限制了速度，也会对内容的理解产生支离破碎的影响。
培养默读习惯最好的方法是扩大视幅快读，让你的嘴跟不上你的阅读速度；我们也可用手指压在嘴上或按住喉部，这样就会逐渐改掉嘴唇抖动的坏习惯。
一、阅读理解
A
As one comes to some croroads, he or she sees a sign which says that drivers have to stop when they come to the main road ahead.（一个让驾驶员到了主干道就得停下来的标牌。） At other croroads, drivers have to go slow, but they do not actually have to stop unle, of course, there is something coming along the main road; and at still others, they do not have either to stop or to go slow, because they are themselves on the main road.
Mr Williams, who was always a very careful driver, was driving home from work one evening when he came to a croroad.It had a “SLOW” sign.He slowed down when he came to the main road, looked both ways to see that nothing was coming, and then drove acro without stopping completely.
At once he heard a police whistle (口哨声), so he pulled into the side of the road and stopped.（转向路边并停了下来） A policeman walked over to him with a notebook and a pen in his hand and said, “You didn\'t stop at that croing.”
“But the sign there doesn\'t say ‘STOP’.” answered Mr Williams, “It just says ‘SLOW’, and I did go slow.”
The policeman looked around him, and a look of surprise came over his face.（这个警察朝他的周围看了看，脸上露出惊讶的表情。） Then he put his notebook and pen away, scratched (抓) his head and said, “Well，I\'m in the wrong street！”
析：本文讲述了一个人明明遵守了交通规则，但由于警察自己站错了街道位置而产生了误会的故事。
1.Mr Williams was driving ____ one evening.
A.to a party
B.to his office
C.home after work
D.to work from home Key：C.文中第二段提到“...was driving home from work.”。 2.When he was stopped by a policeman, he ____.
A.was driving at a high speed
B.was driving onto the main road
C.was going to stop his car
D.was driving slowly
Key：B.第二段中提到“He slowed down when he came to the main road...”。 3.Though slowly, Mr Williams continued driving at the croing because____ .
A.he didn\'t see any “STOP” sign there
B.he paid no attention to the traffic rules
C.he didn\'t have to stop
D.he was eager to get home Key：C.根据文章意思，Mr Williams 只需要慢行，不必停下来。 4.Looking round Mr Williams, the policeman was surprised because____ . A.he met a mad man
B.he realized that he himself was mistaken C.Mr Williams dared to speak to him like that D.Mr Williams would not apologize to him Key：B.根据文中“I\'m in the wrong street!”可知警察最后知道是他自己弄错了。
B
Accidents happen almost every day.Some accidents are not serious and some are.We read about such accidents nearly every day in the newspapers.It is wrong for people to think that accidents take place only on the roads or highways, or even at work places.Home accidents are just as common.Because very few home accidents are reported, people come to think that there are few accidents which happen in homes.
There have been many cases where people fall to their deaths from high-rise flats.（曾有过很多人从高楼摔下而亡的例子。） Children often fall over while coming down the stairs.（小孩子经常在下楼时摔倒。当when, while, if, unle, before, as if 等引导的状语从句谓语由be +Ving形式或V-ed形式构成，并且从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，从句中的主语及be动词可省略。如：①While living in France, he learned some French.当他在法国生活时，他学了一些法语。②When visiting London, I like to travel by bus.我游览伦敦时喜欢坐公共汽车。③He won\'t go to the party unle invited .除非受到邀请，否则他不会去参加那个晚会。） Old people may slip (滑跤) on wet floors if they are not careful.
Nowadays there are a lot of modern electrical appliances (电器) such as rice-cookers which make life easy for the modern house-wives.These appliances can kill if they are not used in the proper way.Gas stoves (煤气灶) used for cooking are also dangerous if they are not properly used.They may cause burns or, in more serious cases, even fires.（它们会导致烧伤，甚至更严重的会引起火灾。）
But all such accidents can be stopped if we are careful and follow simple rules of safety.For example, it is unwise for people to try repairing their own electrical appliances （试着修理他们自己的电器 。注意try doing sth.(试着做某事) 和 try to do sth.(尽力做某事) 的区别：①Why not try taking a plane this time? 这次试乘飞机怎么样？②Try to arrive here on time.尽量按时到这儿。类似的区分还有几对：mean to do 想要做某事mean doing 意味着要有一个结果forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing忘记以前曾做过的事remember to do记得要做某事 remember doing记起来曾经做过某事go on to do接下去做另外一件事 go on doing继续做同一件事stop to do 停下来开始做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 ）if they do not know how to.It is safer to get them repaired by an electrician （电工）. 析：本文主要讲述了不仅在室外，而且在家里也会发生意外事故，并且举了好几个例子加以说明。
5.Accidents take place ____.
A.mostly in homes
B.mostly on roads and highways
C.mostly in factories
D.almost everywhere Key：D.文章第一段中提到事故不仅会发生在马路或高速公路上，甚至在工作场地，在家里也会发生，所以几乎到处都有可能发生事故。
6.Which of the following accidents may NOT happen in homes?
A.People may fall to death from high buildings.
B.People may be knocked down by cars on the roads.
C.Gas stoves may cause burns or even fires.
D.People may be killed by an electrical appliance. Key： B.四个选项中B选项明显不符合问题的要求。 7.People are advised____ . A.to avoid using electrical appliances
B.to repair their own electrical appliances C.not to repair their own electrical appliances D.not to get their electrical appliances fixed Key： C.最后一段提到“...it is unwise for people to try repairing their own electrical appliances if they do not know how to.”。
C
Ellen Parker was worried about her health.She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs.She was soon out of breath.（她很快就上气不接下气了。）
“I suppose I had better go to the doctor.” she thought.
She went to the doctor and told him her problem.
“I\'m not at all surprised.” he said, “I know what your problem is.”
He examined her and then gave her some advice.
“If you don\'t do what I say, Mrs Parker,” he said, “You will have a heart attack (心脏病发作).It could kill you.”
Ellen was very worried as she left the doctor\'s.She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and it would take time.
The next day she went shopping.The first shop she went into was a butcher shop (肉铺).
“I\'d like ten pounds of steak (牛排), please.” she said.
“Certainly, madam.” the butcher replied and went into the cold room and found a large piece of steak.He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale (称).
“That\'s just ten pounds.” he said.
“That\'s big enough.” Mrs Parker said.
The butcher worked out the price.（肉铺老板算出了价钱。）
“At $4.99 a pound that will be $49.90, please.Would you like me to cut it up into smaller pieces for you?”
“Oh, I don\'t want to buy the meat.” Mrs Parker said.
“If you don\'t want to buy it,” the butcher replied angrily, “Why did you ask me to get it for you?”
“My doctor told me that I am too heavy and have to lose ten pounds.I wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.”
析：本文是一个幽默小故事。一位女士由于身体不适去看医生，医生让她减肥减掉10磅，那位女士就到肉铺称了10磅牛排看看是多大的一块，却没买。 8.Why did Ellen Parker visit the doctor?
A.She had a heart attack.
B.She had a problem with her health.
C.She was unhappy about her weight.
D.She could not sleep well.
Key：B.从文章第一段可以明显看出Ellen Parker是因为身体不舒服才去看医生的。 9.Why did Ellen Parker ask for ten pounds of steak?
A.She wanted to buy some for dinner.
B.She wanted to lose weight.
C.Her doctor had told her to eat steak.
D.She wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.
Key： D.文章的最后一句“I wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.”道出了她称肉的目的。
10.What was Ellen Parker\'s real problem?
A.She ate too much steak.
B.She weighed too much.
C.She was often out of breath.
D.She could not walk very quickly.
Key： B.从整个文章不难看出Ellen Parker太胖需要减肥。
二、完形填空
In the middle of the night, Peter\'s wife suddenly fell ill.She couldn\'t help crying,（她忍不住大叫起来。） “Oh, my stomach (胃)! Get the 1 !”
Peter, awaking from a deep sleep, thought his wife was only having a 2 dream.
“Stop that noise.” he said to her.He turned over（翻身或翻转）and tried to go to 3 again, but his wife still cried out, “Oh, help! Help! I\'m sure I\'m 4 !”
Peter got out of bed and started 5 , but he could not find him any clothes.
“Where is my shirt?” he asked.His wife was 6 ill to tell him, and she could only cry, “Oh, my 7 stomach!”
As soon as he had put his clothes 8 , he said, “Now, my dear, are you quite 9 that you need the doctor? Surely you can wait 10 morning, can\'t you?”
“No, I can\'t.Go, go, go.” his wife shouted,“ 11 you will find me dead 12 the morning.”
So Peter went out into the dark street.He had only gone a few meters 13 he heard his wife calling him again.
“I\'m 14 again now, and I shall not want the doctor.” she said softly.
Hearing this, he started running as 15 as he could towards the doctor\'s.When he arrived there, he knocked at the door loudly enough to wake 16 around.
The doctor put his sleepy head out of the bedroom window and said, “Er? Who\'s there?”
“Oh, Doctor.”Peter said to him, “I\'ve very 17 news for you.My wife 18 ill with a terrible stomachache (胃疼).I was on my way to bring you to her, but she called me back to say the trouble had suddenly 19 her.So you need not come.Go back to 20 now,and sleep well!”
析：本文讲述的是一个妻子半夜突然生了病，而她丈夫在她已经好转之后还到医生家把医生叫醒的幽默小故事。
1.A.driver
B.nurse
C.doctor
D.child Key：C.生了病自然是去请医生。
2.A.terrible
B.interesting
C.surprising
D.wonderful Key： A.妻子睡觉时突然大叫，丈夫以为她只是做了个恶梦。
3.A.bed
B.sleep
C.dream
D.hospital Key：B.他翻了个身又想睡了。go to sleep意为“ 入睡”, go to bed意为“ 去睡觉”。
4.A.walking
B.dying
C.aching
D.sleeping Key： B.妻子感觉病得很重以致于快死了。
5.A.dreing
B.wearing
C.raising
D.working Key：A.这里肯定是穿衣且强调动作，所以用dre。
6.A.very
B.so
C.too
D.quite Key： C.从下文可以得知妻子没有告诉他，因为她病得太厉害了。
7.A.good
B.bad
C.wrong
D.poor Key：D.poor 在这里解释为“可怜的，不幸的”，其他三个选项均不符题意。
8.A.down
B.off
C.on
D.up Key：C.这里是穿上衣服，故选put...on。
9.A.surprised
B.afraid
C.certain
D.worried Key：C.丈夫想确定一下妻子是否真的需要请医生。
10.A.before
B.for
C.to
D.until Key：D.根据句意是“等到早上”。
11.A.And
B.But
C.So
D.Or Key：D.妻子让丈夫赶快去，否则到了早上他会发现她已经死了。
12.A.after
B.in
C.before
D.until Key：B.在早上是in the morning。
13.A.after
B.when
C.before
D.while Key：B.他刚走了几米，这时他听到他的妻子又喊他。when 表示“就在这个时候”。
14.A.good
B.wrong
C.all right
D.right Key：C.下文说不用请医生了，说明她感觉好了。
15.A.fast
B.slowly
C.hurriedly
D.happily Key：A.as fast as he could意为“尽可能快地”。
16.A.everyone
B.someone
C.no one
D.doctors Key：A.敲门如此之响以致于能吵醒附近的每一个人。
17.A.good
B.bad
C.neceary
D.ill Key：A.从下文得知医生不用半夜出诊了，他认为这对医生来说是个好消息。
18.A.fell
B.stayed
C.grew
D.failed Key： A.从文章开头能看出答案。fall ill 意为“生病”。
19.A.gone
B.mied
C.disappeared
D.left Key：D.后来病痛突然就没了。
20.A.your home
B.your bedroom C.your dream
D.bed Key：D.既然不用去给他妻子看病，丈夫就让医生回去睡觉。
三、短文改错
I am a sixteen-years old middle school student．I have a
1．____ weight problem．Some boys often make fun of me and were
2．____ unfriendly to me．They call me“fat pig”，it makes
3．____ me feel unhappy．I am now worried my weight．
4．____ Although I am a bit of too fat，I feel quite well．I
5．____ enjoy my meal．I love eating meat very much．
6．____ But I like sweet food，too．Now I am getting fatter and fatter．
7．____ In the past two months，I have put on 5 kilos．I\'ve become very worried
8．____ about this，but I don\'t know to lose weight quickly．
9．____ Who can tell me the best way of lose weight？
10．____
Key：1．years→year
2．were→are
3．it前加and
4．worried后加about
5．去掉of
6．meal→meals
7．But→And
8．√
9．know后加how
10．lose→losing
