人人范文网 范文大全

Unit4_Earthquakes_同步教材导学

发布时间:2020-03-03 23:16:56 来源:范文大全 收藏本文 下载本文 手机版

一.教学内容分析

本单元话题为“地震”,主要描写了1976年唐山大地震,各项语言活动也都是围绕地震展开。本单元共分八个部分。

Warming-up 部分通过两张图片引出话题“一旦地震发生,将会造成怎样的危害”,为后面的主题作了一个热身运动。

Pre-reading 部分设置了两个开放性问题,目的是增加学生的生活常识,提高他们的应变能力。这部分为接下来的阅读作了很好的铺垫,学生可通过套乱,参阅有关地震的书籍并运用一些生活常识来回答这两个问题。Reading 部分具体描写了1976年唐山大地震的震前、震中和震后。作者详细描述了地震来临前的一些不正常的自然现象及动物的反常表现;地震的来势汹汹并在顷刻间将整座城市夷为平地;震后人们勇敢面对现实并及时实施抢救和重建工作。Comprehending 部分包括三组练习,主要目的是为了帮助学生更好地理解Reading部分的文章。

Learning about Language 部分分为两个部分:Discovering useful words and expreions 和Discovering useful structures.第一部分要求学生在把握文章的基础上,掌握重点词汇的词义及时用,这更注重培养学生运用上下文猜测词义的能力。其次还对一些复杂的数字读法进行了检测。第二部分则结合文章学习定语从句。

Using Language 部分分为Reading,Writing and Speaking; 1 Listening和Writing。Reading,Writing and Speaking 包括读一篇邀请函,写一份演讲稿和关于一套新唐山邮票的Little talk。Listening 部分讲述了一位地震幸存者的故事,并根据听力材料进行正误判断和回答问题,旨在培养学生获取细节的能力,并通过听来模仿标准的语音和语调。Writing部分要求学生报纸写一篇新闻报道,学习如何按照规范的步骤进行写作,如选择适当地标题和组织语言等。另外这一部分也培养学生写作时注意标题、主旨大意和细节。

Summing up部分帮助学生整理、巩固本单元所学到的知识,包括学到的关于地震的知识,有用的动词、名词、表达方式和新的语法项目。Learning Tip部分就听英语方面给出了一些建议,建议学生多听广播或电视里的英语节目.

二.教学目标和要求

根据《英语新课程标准》关于总目标的具体描述,结合高一学生实际和教材内容,我们将教学目标分为语言知识、语言技能、学习策略、情感态度、文化意识五个方面。 1.知识目标(Knowledge)

① 词汇(Vocabulary):shake, rise, crack, burst, well, smelly, pond, steam, destroy, ruin, injure, survivor, brick, usele, shock, quake, rescue, electricity, disaster, organize, bury, coal, mine, shelter, fresh, percent, honor, prepare.② 短语(Phrases and expreions):right away, at an end, lie in ruins, be trapped under sth, to the north of sp, put 2 up, give out, wake sb up, prepare sth for sth., think little of sth.③ 语法(Grammar):定语从句(The Attributive Clause).能用英语描述任务的特征、行为等---- 由who/ whom/ whose/ that引导;能用英语描述事物、事件的性质、内容等---- 由which/ that/ whose引导。 2.能力目标(Ability)

能运用所学语言知识描述地震前兆、危害及震后援救;根据已知信息推测将要听取的材料的内容;提高阅读技能和用英语进行思维、推理、判断的能力; 掌握演讲稿的格式及新闻报道的写作步骤和要点。 3.情感目标Affect 学习唐山人民勇敢面对自然灾害,积极进行灾后重建的精神;在教学活动中培养学生的合作精神和互助精神。

三.教学重点和难点

1重点词汇:injure,survivor, shock, rescue, disaster, fresh, judge, prepare 2语法:The Attributive Clause 3难点: 运用所学知识表达自己的想法; 较长句子成分的划分及意义的理解; 如何能就课文内容完成一些开放性的话题讨论,能把课文的内容得以延伸与拓展;指导学生通过各种渠道如报纸、杂志、图书馆和网络等资源查找有关素材,培养信息社会收集查找资料的能力。

四.课时安排

3 本单元共分为四个部分,具体课时教师可根据自身教学实践进行适当地安排和调整。

Part1:Warming-up和listening.通过游戏、介绍和VIDEO等手段对地震知识进行适当了解的基础上,引入对San Francisco地震的学习,从而进入听力部分。

Part2:Pre-reading, Reading, Comprehending and Learning about Language.读前的两个问题:第一个问题问学生在危机情况下会带什么,有利于很好的激起学生的兴趣和调动课堂气氛,由此则可过渡到第二个问题对地震前兆的了解,从而自然地引入到对唐山大地震的学习。在对唐山大地震震前、震中和震后的学习中,可结合今年唐山大地震30周年的报道,使学生进一步了解唐山大地震和现今的唐山,形成对比和强烈的震撼,从而更好地了解学习唐山人民勇敢面对自然灾害,积极进行灾后重建的精神。其次,通过对文章的学习,了解新闻的特点,为后面的写作做准备。重点词汇和语法的学习可结合文章进行,并配以适当的练习。

Part3:Writing由提前让学生完成的关于唐山的新闻写作来引入对写作的学习。通过对学生习作的评析,来引出新闻写作中应注意的事项,并通过适当的练习来进行巩固,再让学生对自身的习作进行修改。

Part4:Using Language(Reading, Writing and Speaking),主要学习SPEECH演讲稿的写作。通过对演讲稿的了解、注意事 4 项和名人演讲的感受,让学生学会如何恰当地写演讲稿。

五.教学步骤

Section Two Language Points

1.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里,

鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。

He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了,说不出话来。

They reached the station too late to catch the train. 他们到火车站太迟了,没赶上火车。

以上句式用了too...to结构,意思为“太……而不能……”,表示否定意义。但是当

too...to...用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词时,如anxious,eager,glad,happy,

pleased,ready,willing等,不定式为肯定意义。

He remarked he was too delighted to visit our city. 他说他很高兴访问我市。

(1)这个箱子太重,提不起来。 The box is too heavy to lift. (2)老师们很乐意接受对他们的教学方法提出的建议。

Teachers are too glad to accept the suggestions on their teaching method.2.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内,有些建筑物里的

水管爆裂了。

He felt he would burst with anger and shame. 5 他恼羞成怒,都要气炸了。

The dam burst under the weight of water. 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。

He burst into the room without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了屋子。

The sun burst through the clouds. 太阳破云而出。

The words burst from her in an angry rush. 她脱口说出了那一堆气话。

There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间突然爆发出一阵笑声。

burst既是名词也是动词,意为“爆炸;猛冲;爆发;突然出现”。

burst into突然闯入,突然……起来,后接名词 burst into tears/laughter突然哭/笑起来 burst into a room(闯)进房间

burst out突然开始,后接v.­ing形式;(战争、疾病等)突然发生(=break out) burst out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起来 burst in突然插嘴,打断谈话;突然来到

(1)He suddenly burst into tears/burst out crying (哭了起来). (2)The audience burst into cheers/burst out cheering (爆发了一阵欢呼声). (3)The war burst out/broke out (爆发).3.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日!

①You look/looked as if you had seen a ghost. 你的神色看起来像撞到鬼了。

②He looks as if he were an artist.看上去他好像是个艺术家似的。

③She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. 她讲英语很流利,就像在美国学习过似的。

④It seems as if it’s going to rain.

看起来好像要下雨了。

6 ⑤It seemed as if he wasn’t satisfied with your work.

看来他好像对你的工作不满意。

as if系从属连词,意为“好像”。根据情况,as if从句中可使用真实语气,如例句④⑤,

表示事实如此;从句也可用虚拟语气,如例句①②③,表示事实并非如此。as if从句表示

的动作如果指现在的动作,从句的谓语用一般过去时(be用were);如果表示过去的动作,

从句中用过去完成时;如果指将来,则用would+动词原形。

as if从句的主语如果和主句的主语一致,同时从句的谓语中含有be的某种形式,这时可以

把从句的主语和be省去,后面保留介词短语、分词短语或不定式短语等形式。

He shook his head as if to say “No”.他摇了摇头,似乎想说“不”。

When he had finished,he waited as if for a reply. 讲完后,他等着,仿佛在等一个答复。 He looked around as if for help. 他环视四周,好像在寻求帮助。

(1)It seems as if she the novel but in fact she’s never heard of it at all. A.had read

B.has read C.read

D.would read 答案 A (2)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if whether he was going in the right direction. A.seeing

B.having seen C.to see

D.to have seen 答案 C (3)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday. A.was happening

B.happens C.has happened

D.happened 答案 D 7 4.Two­thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中受

伤或死去。

I was injured in a street accident. 我在一次车祸中受了伤。

John fell off the tree and injured his back. 约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。

injure,词性为动词,意为“损害,伤害”。

injury n.伤害,损伤 injured adj.受伤的

the injured受伤的人;伤员(表示一类人)

injure,hurt,wound,harm (1)injure多指造成容颜、机能的损害;在事故中受伤。 (2)hurt一般指精神上或肉体上受到伤害,有强烈的疼痛感。 (3)wound指(人)在战斗、攻击中受伤。

(4)harm常用于口语,一般用作及物动词,表示“对……有害/损害”。

吸烟太多会损害你的健康。

You will harm your health by smoking too much.5.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒内,一座大城市就沦为了

废墟。

He wanted to become a doctor but his mother’s death was the ruin of his hope. 他想当医生,但他母亲的死使他的希望破灭了。

She poured water over my painting and ruined it. 她把水浇在我的画上,将画毁掉了。

We visited the ruins of the temple. 我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。 The castle is now in ruins. 城堡现在已成废墟。

8

ruin动词或名词,意为“毁灭,毁坏”,其复数形式ruins意为“废墟,遗迹”,in ruins 意为“成为废墟”。

bring sb.to ruin毁灭某人 come/go to ruin毁灭

The fire left the temple . A.ruin

B.in ruin

C.ruins

D.in ruins 答案 D 6.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.所见之处,几乎一切都被毁了。

①His dog follows him everywhere he goes.无论到哪里,他那条狗总跟着他。

②I can’t find my pen though I’ve looked everywhere.

我到处找那支钢笔,可就是找不到。

③Everywhere seemed silent.

万籁俱寂。

④Fire destroyed the forest.

大火烧毁了森林。

⑤The heavy storms destroyed a good part of our crops.

几场暴雨把大部分庄稼都毁坏了。

在例①中,everywhere用作连词,引导状语从句,意为“无论何处”;在例②中词性是副

词,意为“到处,处处”,在例③中词性是名词,意为“每个地方”。在例④⑤中,

destroy词性是动词,意为“破坏,毁坏,消灭”。

destroy,damage,ruin (1)destroy指彻底的损坏,常含不能或很难修复的意思。destroy可接人,也可以接物。

(2)damage损坏,毁坏,指部分损坏,降低某物的价值。damage通常接物。

9 (3)ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏,但往往是非暴力的,也不是一次打击的结果。常

指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。

用destroy,damage,ruin的适当形式填空 (1)What left the town in ruins? (2)The fire destroyed their houses and they became homele. (3)The fire did great damage to the town.7.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些医生和营救人

员被困在了废墟下。

The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship. 救生艇被派出去救沉船上的水手。

The rescue team came to the visitors’ rescue on the island.

救援队去营救岛上的游客。

The car was trapped in the deep snow. 车陷在深雪中了。

I was trapped into signing a confeion. 我被诱骗在供词上签了字。

rescue,名词或动词,意为“营救”,rescue sb.from...意为“从……中把人救出来”;

the rescue team意为“救援队”;come/go to sb.’s rescue意为“营救某人”。be trapped in/ by...意为“困在……中”;trap sb.into doing sth./sth.意为“诱骗某人做某事”。

be caught in=be stuck in=be trapped in均意为“困在……中”。

(1)The soldiers have tried to go to rescue in the lake. A.the boy

B.their C.the

D.the boy’s

答案 D 10 (2)The girl cried because she the elevator. A.has trapped in

B.had trapped by C.was trapped with

D.was trapped in 答案 D

8.All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。

Not all the answers are right. =All the answers are not right. 并非所有的答案都对。

Not every boy likes football. =Every boy does not like football. 并不是每个男孩都喜欢足球。

Both of them don’t like English.

他们俩并不都喜欢英语。

以上例句在意义上都表示部分否定,译为“并不是所有的都……;两者不都……”;其构

成条件是not+all/every/both...或all/every/both...+not。

“all,every,both等全肯定词+not+谓语动词”或“not+all,every,both等全肯定词+

谓语动词”构成部分否定。所谓全肯定词,是指含有全体意义的代词与副词,常见的有:

all,both,always,every(everybody,everyone,everything,everywhere)等。如果表示全

部否定,要分别用none,neither,never,no,nobody,nothing,nowhere。

Neither of them is doctors.他们俩都不是医生。 No boy likes football.没有一个男孩喜欢足球。

(1)All men here are not honest. 这儿的人并非都诚实。

(2)Both of the brothers don’t like the film.

兄弟俩并不都喜欢这部电影。

(3)Not everything went well with him. 他并非每件事情都顺利。 (4)I never get up late. 11 我从不晚起床。

(5)None of my friends smoke. 我的朋友都不吸烟。 (6)Nothing is needed. 什么都不需要。

地球的一个不眠之夜

河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生。三天来,村子里的井水升升降降,起起伏伏。农夫注意到,水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝,裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼会往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右,有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空没有飞机,在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。在市内,有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是,唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。

在凌晨3点42分,一切都开始摇晃起来。世界似乎到了末日!二十世纪最大地震中的一次就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震,全国1/3的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸气。石头山变成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒钟内,一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。人们遭受的灾难极为深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万个家庭遇难,许多孩子变成了孤儿。死伤的人数达到40多万。

幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢?人们无论朝哪里看,哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。所有的市内医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地,然而它们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了,多数桥梁不是塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子,而不是水。人们惊呆了。接着,在下午晚些时候,又一次和第一次一样强烈的地震震撼着唐山。有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、电和食物都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷,这场灾难还会持续多久。

并不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久,部队派了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员。数十万的人得到了救助。部队人员组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边,有一个万名矿工煤矿,其中多数人得救了。援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。用火车、卡车和飞机向市内运来了水。慢慢地,这座 12 城市又开始出现了生机。

Section Three Grammar

定语从句(Ⅰ)

1.Titanic is the ship that sank after hitting an iceberg.2.Rose and Jack are the lovers who met on the ship.3.The earthquake that/which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.4.We don’t know the number of people that/who lost their homes in the earthquake of 1906.

以上4句的斜体部分都是对其前的名词进行修饰限制的,即作了该名词的定语。定语是用

来限定、修饰名词或代词的,主要由形容词担任。此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副

词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个从句即定语从句来担任。单词作定

语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语;短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之

后,作后置定语。

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成

分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。如以

上例句中的斜体部分。

关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有

that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常

有3个作用:1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。

先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词,如以上例句中的划线部分。

13 1.that指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可以省略。

The house (that) I’m going to buy faces south. Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Lao She. 2.which 指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。

I’m not interested in the book which has just been published. I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning. 3.who、whom指人,在从句中who作主语和宾语,whom只能作宾语;作宾语时二者都可

以省略。

The girl (whom) I called just now is from America. The boys who are playing football are from Cla One.

4.whose 指人或物,在从句中作定语。

The girl whose father had given us a report got first. That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see. 5.限制性定语从句中只能用that的几种情况

(1)当先行词是anything,everything,nothing (something 除外),few,all,none,little,

some等代词时,或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much,each等修饰

时。

Have you taken down everything (that) Mr.Li has said? There seems to be nothing that seems impoible for him in the world. All that can be done has been done. There is little (that) I can do for you. Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.(2)当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、the only、the very来修饰或当先行词前面有

who,which等疑问代词时。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. This is the best film that I have seen. Wang Hua is the only person in our school that will attend the meeting. Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the T­shirt that fits me most? 14 (3)当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时。

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? (4)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。

The village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago.

Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with who,whom,whose,which and that.1.The man who/whom/that I saw told me to wait.2.The man to whom I spoke was a foreigner.3.I know a boy whose father is an acrobat(杂技演员).4.He saw a house whose windows were all broken.5.All the apples that fall are eaten by wild boars.6.Can you think of anyone that/who could look after him? 7.This is the best hotel that I know.8.He showed us a machine whose parts were too small to be seen.Ⅱ.翻译句子

1.他指给我看他画的画。

He showed me the picture that he drew.2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。

I don’t know the girl whom/that/who you speak to.3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。

She is a girl who is called Mary.4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。

Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.5.你记不记得我们一起度过的那一天?

Do you remember the day that we spent together?

Ⅰ.重点单词

1.suffering n.苦难;痛苦→suffer vt.& vi.遭受 2.extreme adj.极度的→extremely adv.极度地 3.injure vt.损害;伤害→injury n.4.shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊;震动→shocking/shocked adj.5.electricity n.电;电流;电学→electric adj.电气科学的;与电有关的

6.frighten vt.使惊吓;吓唬→frightened adj.受惊吓的→ 15 frightening adj.令人恐惧的

7.congratulation n.祝贺;(复数)贺词→congratulate v.祝贺 8.expre vt.表示;表达; n.快车;速递→expreion n.表达,表示;词语

9.burst vi.爆裂;爆发;n.突然破裂;爆发 10.event n.事件;大事

11.ruin n.废墟;毁灭;vt.毁灭;使破产 12.destroy vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭 13.track n.轨道;足迹;痕迹 14.rescue n.& vt.援救;营救

15.trap vt.使陷入困境;n.陷阱;困境 16.disaster n.灾难;灾祸 17.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏

18.shelter n.掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处 19.harm n.& vt.损失;损害

20.judge n.裁判员;法官;vt.断定;判断;判决 Ⅱ.重点短语

1.dig out掘出;发现

2.be buried in埋头于;专心于 3.judge from...从……判断

4.be proud of为……而自豪;引以为荣 5.break out爆发;发生 6.get rid of离开,逃脱 7.a (great) number of许多

8.the number of……的数量/数字 9.at once/right away立刻;马上

10.burst into laughter/burst out laughing突然大笑 11.as if仿佛;好像 12.at an end结束;终结

13.be/lie in ruins严重受损;破败不堪 Ⅲ.重点句型

1.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.2.It seemed as if the world was at an end! 3.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.4.All hope was not lost.5.To the north of the city,most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. 16 Ⅳ.重点语法

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分;引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用:1.引导定语从句;2.代替先行词;3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。

同步导学》心得体会

第二学期同步导学检查小结

6梦圆飞天同步导学

三年级同步导写

学案导学

学案导学

学案导学

学案导学

导学五步

导学练

Unit4_Earthquakes_同步教材导学
《Unit4_Earthquakes_同步教材导学.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑,方便编辑。
推荐度:
点击下载文档
点击下载本文文档