引言小结译文
1.Throughout the post-World War Ⅱ era, the world，s economies have become increasingly
interdependent in terms of the movement of goods and services, busine enterprise, capital, and technology.
2.Proponents of an open trading system contend that international trade results in higher levels of
consumption and investment, lower prices of commodities and a wider range of product choices for consumers.Arguments against free trade tend to be voiced during periods of exce production capacity and high unemployment.
3.International competitivene can be analyzed in terms of a firm, an industry, and a nation.Key to the
concept of competitivene is a productivity, or output per worker hour.
4.Researchers have shown that exposure to competition with the world leader in an industry improves a
firm’s performance in that industry.Global competitivene is a bit like sports: You get better by playing against folks who are better than you.
5.Although international trade helps workers in export industries, workers in import-competing
industries feel the threat of foreign competition.They often see their job and wage levels undermined by cheap foreign labour.
6.As a rough measure of the importance of international trade in a nation’s economy, we can look at the
nation’s exports and imports as a percentage of its gro domestic product（GDP）.This ratio is known as openne.
7.A sudden removal of trade barriers might harm producers and workers in protected industries.It may
be costly to transfer quickly the protected resources to other, more productive activities.Gradual removal of the barriers would minimize this shock effect and the accompanying cost of relocation.
8.The World Trade Organization’s summit meeting in Seattle, Washington, in 1999 attests to a
globalization backlash in opposition to continued liberalization of trade, foreign investment, and foreign immigration.
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