雅思写作精要
教学：
方法：结合实题，分阶段克服问题（拼写、语法、句型多样性、整体风格、临场速度训练）。 材料：题库真题+自撰。
作业：练习+文摘。
基本技巧：
1)句子与词语的正确用法。这是最基本的一点。这里包括单字的正确拼写、词语在特定句子中的正确应用、正确的句子模式。注意：千万不要在文章中出现中国式的英语。这就要求在构思的时候不要用中文进行思考，写的时候要仔细斟酌文章的语句。
2)句子的多样化。这点的实现必须在句子与词语的正确上来实现。句子的多样化是体现一个人英语语言水平的关键也是使文章获得高分的重点。如非谓语从句、定语从句、宾语从句等，以及简单句、复杂句的综合使用。
3)标点的正确使用
4）文章的整体风格与气氛。作为考官或者是阅读你文章的人，在第一次接触到你文章时就可以感受到文章的特点与风格，或者活泼或者呆板，而依据模板写的文章很难做到活泼或者是吸引读者。
5）保持书写的工整性与字迹。
小作文常见题型及应对句型：
数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：pie chart表格图：table直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram程序图：proceing/procedures diagram 圆柱图：column chart
描述：show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict以下是一些较常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,
figures/statistics shows (that)...
It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ...增加：increase / raise / rise / go up / grow/ jump/ ascend
减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall/decline/reduce/ descend
波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...
稳定：remain stable(steady) / stabilize / level off ...
描述稳定的data：
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between
(第一时间) and (第二时间)
The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
描述不同状态的data
Noun form:
steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop
Verbal form:
(to) bottom out / (to) reach the bottom / (to) increase gradually / (to) reach a plateau / (to) remain steady
描述the highest point以及the lowest point
高点极值：
The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ...
+peaked in (月份/年) at XXX% / XXX(极点data)
或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(极点data)
低点极值：
XXX bottomed out / reached
+rock / the bottom / a low point
或者hit a trough
变化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的
dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的
sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply 急剧升降的
steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地
stable/stably 稳定的
其它在描述中的常用到的词
significant changes 图中一些较大变化noticeable trend 明显趋势
during the same period 在同一时期distr123te 分布，区别
unequally 不相等地pronounced 明显的
average平均no doubt 无疑地
corresponding adj.相应的，通讯的represent vt.阐述，表现
overall 总体上讲in the case of adv.在...的情况下in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在...方面
描述流程的文章，应说明：
1． 首先说明是做什么工作的过程，目的是什么2． 准备工作
3． 按时间/过程先后描述4． 结果
5． 简单总结（可有可无）
描述一个实物/器具的工作过程，文章应分以下几点：
1． 实物是什么，做什么用的2． 基本结构
3． 工作过程4． 简单总结
大作文常用套路句型：
开头：
When it comes to ..., some think ...
There is a public debate today that ...
A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?
Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.
提出观点：
Now there is a growing awarene that...
It is time we explore the truth of ...
Nowhere in history has the iue been more visible.
进一步提出观点：
...but that is only part of the history.
Another equally important aspect is ...
A is but one of the many effects.Another is ...
Besides, other reasons are...
提出假想例子的方式：
Suppose that...
Just imagine what would be like if...
It is reasonable to expect...
It is not surprising that...
举普通例子：
For example(instance),...
...such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)
A good case in point is...
常见连词：
表层进
first, firstly to begin with/second, secondly to start with/third, thirdly what s more/also and then/and equally important/besides in addition/further in the first place/still furthermore
last but not the least/next besides/too moreover/finally
表举例
for example for instance/to illustrate as an illustration/after all/表解释 /as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case namely/in other words表总结
in summary in a word/in brief in conclusion/to conclude in fact/indeed in short/in other words /of course/it is true specially/namely in all/that is to summarize/thus
as has been said/altogether in other words/finally in simpler terms/in particular that is/on the whole to put it differently/therefore表强调
of course indeed/above all most important/emphasis certainly in fact
表让步
still neverthele/in spite of all the same/even so after all/conceion granted naturally/of course
表比较
in comparison likewise/similarly equally/however likewise/in the same way/ 表转折
by contrast although/e same time but/in contrast neverthele/notwithstanding on the contraryon the other hand otherwise/regardle still/though yet/despite the fact that even so/even though for all that/however in spite of/instead表时间
after a while afterward/again also/and then as long as/at last at length/at that time before/besides earlier/eventually finally/formerly further/furthermore in addition/in the first place in the past/last lately/meanwhile moreover/next now/presently second/shortly simultaneously/since so far/soon still/subsequently then/thereafter too/until until now/when
范文
（一）
The diagrams show data for a flu epidemic which hit a large country town in 1996.Figure 1 gives the number of persons who died; Figure 2 shows the percentage breakdown of females who received a new flu vaccine; and Figure 3 gives the number of cases of flu before and during the epidemic.
In Figure 1 it can be seen that the flu was responsible for the deaths of 2 females but no males in the period from March to May.However, from June to August, there were 4 female deaths and 1 male death.
According to the pie chart in Figure 2, only those females most at risk were given the new flu vaccine; 28% did not take part in the trial.Of those females who took part, 35% were aged (over 65 years old); 24% were babies or children; and 13% were either hospitalised or receiving other medical attention.
From Figure 3 it is clear that the new vaccine had a positive effect on the number of new cases of flu reported in females.There were just over 1000 cases reported in March, climbing rapidly to a peak of 3500 in June.Thereafter, the number of cases dropped slowly to about 2800 in August, before levelling off at 2500 for the rest of the year.For males, the figures were lower but showed a similar trend throughout the epidemic.(232 words)
范文
（二） Topic
With the development of market economy, advertisements have become a dominant feature in television industry.Describe the rich information brought by
TV.There still exits strong criticism against TV advertisement.Write an article analyzing the positive and negative effects of TV advertisements.
TEXT（341 Words）
There is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to everything--and that includes the TV advertisement.As the most popular media now, TV is offering a large amount of news and other information everyday.In fact TV has the biggest number of audience in the world.Neverthele, along with populace and welcome, it has brought mankind new problem to solve.
There is no denying that TV can vastly enrich the life of people.TV programs can be received everywhere all over the world .It allows the audiences swift and free
acce to the world events and other programs.The most important point is that you need not to pay any fee for the TV station.All these expenses of the TV station are being paid from television advertisements.No matter how we compare, the TV program is the cheapest in various kinds of recreation.Last but no least, the TV advertisement has permeated the lives of people already and it helps people buying the goods which they like with both more convenience and more quick.
While there are a lot of advantages of TV advertisement, its drawbacks should not be forgotten.For one thing, the TV advertisements waste a lot of time of audiences, who have to spend a long time to watch many usele programs.We all have this experience and we were very annoyed about a long TV advertisement when watched a normal program.Especially TV advertisements interrupt the play or sport match abruptly.How bored you are at that moment! For another, not all the TV advertisements are either useful or harmle, the audience often are misled by the TV advertisements of overstatement.Some dishonest producers often utilize the TV advertisement to promote their inferior products.
In a word, because people analyze the question in different ways, such as the TV station and audience.So it is very difficult to say clearly whether the advertisement is good or bad.In my opinion, I certainly hope that TV advertisements will be reduced a little in the near future.
