英文病例汇报常用体格检查术语
1、肋骨和软组织[ribs and soft tiure]
•胸骨上切迹[suprasternal notch]
•浮肋[free ribs]
•胸壁[chest wall]
•扁平（桶状、佝偻、漏头、鸡）胸[flat (barrel,rachitic, funnel, pigeon) chest] •皮下气肿[subcutaneous emphysema]
•捻发音[Crepitus]
•佝偻病串珠[rachitic rosary]
•软骨病[chondrosteoma]
•脂肪瘤[lipoma]
•软骨发育不全[achondroplasia (chondrodysplasia)]
•软组织损伤[soft tiue injury]
•肋骨畸形[abnormality of the ribs(rib deformity, costal anomaly)] •肋骨串珠（错位）[beading (displacement) of rib]
•肋软骨畸形[costochondral deformity]
•肋软骨增生[costal cartilage hyperplasia]
•肋下切口[subcostal incision]
•肋间隙宽（窄）[wide (narrow) intercostal space]
2、乳房[breast]
•对称性[symmetry]
•乳头内陷（内缩）[crater (retracted) nipple]
•乳头皱裂[cracked nipple]
•乳头偏斜（抬高）[nipple skewne(elevation)]
•乳头溢液[nipple discharge]
•乳头脓肿（溃疡、血肿）[absce (ulcer, hematoma) of nipple]
•乳头过小[hypomastia]
•乳斑[milk spots]
•乳房潮红[breast flush]
•乳房出血[mastorrhagia]
•乳房过早发育[premature thelarche]
•乳房肿胀（脓肿）[mammary swelling(absce)]
•乳房湿疹[eczema mammae]
•乳房下垂[mastoptosis (pendulous breast)]
•乳房萎缩[mastatrophy]
•巨乳[macromastia]
•乳晕[mammary areola]
•乳房硬化[zaranthan]医.学.全.在线.网.站.提供
•异常泌乳[abnormal lactation]
•男子女性化乳房[gynecomastism]
•乳房皮肤红肿[erythroswelling of mammary skin]
•乳房桔皮征[mammary orange-peel sign]
•乳记局限性凹陷[mammary localized pitting]
•乳房瘘管[breast fistula]
•正常女性乳房[normal female breasts]
•无压痛性肿块[nontender ma]
3、肺[lung]
•呼吸缓慢（急促）[bradypnea (tachypnea)]
•呼吸浅慢（深快）[hypopnea (hyperpnea)]
•呼吸不规则[irregular respiration]
•点头呼吸[nodding breathing]
•端坐呼吸[orthopnea]
•三凹征[retraction sign of three foae]
•叹息样呼吸[sighing respiration]
•浅快[shallow and rapid]
•呼（吸）气性呼吸困难[expiratory (inspiratory) dyspnea]
•呼吸道烧伤（塌陷）[burn (collapse) of respiratory tract(airway)]
•呼吸道阻塞[respiratory tract obstruction]
•呼吸均匀（呼吸加深或加快）[eupnea(exaggerated or acclerated respiratory)]
•呼吸停止[apnea]
•呼吸费力[respiration is labored]
•语音（触觉）震颤[vocal (tactile) fremitus]
•语颤相等（减弱、增强）[vocal fremitus is equal(diminished, accentuated)]
•间接（直接）叩诊[mediate (immediate) percuion]
• 浊（实、鼓、清、过清、金属）音[dullne (flatne, tympany, vesicular resonance, hyperresonance, bell)]
•移动范围[range of movement]医学.全.在线.网.站.提供
• 呼吸音消失（减弱，增强）[absence (diminution, exaggeration) of breath sound] •呼吸音粗（清）[sound of breath(SOB) is rough (clear)]
•支气管（支气管肺泡，肺泡）音[bronchophony (bronchovesicular sound, vesicular sound)] •管状呼吸音[tubular breath sound]
•捻发音[crepitantrales]
•爆裂音[crackles]
•干（湿）罗音[dry (moist) rales]
•细（中等、粗）罗音[fine (medium, coarse) rales]
•呼（吸）气未罗音[end-inspiratory (expiratory) rales]
•胸膜摩擦音[pleural friction rub]
•呼（吸）气延长[prolonged inspiratory (expiratory)]
•高（低）调鼾音[sibilant (sonorous) rhonchi (sonorous rales)]
•哨笛音[sibilant rales]
•哮鸣音[wheezing]
•小（中、大）水泡音[small(middle, big) bubbles]
•支气管语音[bronchophony]
•耳语音[whispered]
•羊鸣音[egophony]
•高（低）音调[high (low)-pitched]
•两肺部（右背部）[over both lung fields (right back)]
•两（左）肺底[over the both (left) lower lung]
•整个肺野[the whole lung field]
•左（右）上（下）肺[the left (right) upper (lower) lung]
•肺尖（底）[apex (base) of lung]
4、心脏[Heart]
•用手掌（指尖）触诊心尖搏动[palpate apical area with palm(fingertips)]
•心前区隆起（凹陷）[precordial bulge (retraction)]
•搏动弥漫（局限）[diffuse (local) pulsation]
•负性搏动[inward inpulse]
•心尖搏动[apex beat (apical impulse)]
•剑突下搏动[xiphoideusalpulsaton]
•抬举性心尖搏动[heaving apex impulse]
•心尖搏动最强点[point of maximal impulse (PMI)]
•锁骨中线[mid-calvicular line (MCL)]
•肋间[intercostal space (ICS)]
•收缩（舒张）期震颤[systolic (diastolic) thrill]
•心浊音界[the border of cardiac dullnes]
•心绝对（相对）浊音界扩大（缩小）[enlarged (diminished) absolute (relative) cardiac dullne]
•叩诊心脏大小正常[heart size is normal on (to) percuion]
•心脏向左（右）扩大[cardiac dilation (enlargement) to the left (right)]
•第1（
2、
3、4）心音[S1(S2,S3,S4)]
•第1心音增强（减弱，听不清）[first heart sound is exaggerate (decreased, muffled)] •生（病）理性杂音（分裂）[physiologic (pathological) murmur (splitting)]
•生理性（固定、反常、逆）分裂[physiologic (fixed, paradoxical, reversed) splitting] •肺动脉瓣第2心音>(=，(=，
•大炮音[connon sound]
•心音消失[heart sound is absent (disapeared)]
•心音增强（减弱）[accentuated (diminished) cardiac sound]
•心音响亮（遥远）[cardiac sound is loud (distant)]
•收缩期（舒张期，连续性）杂音[systolic (diastolic, continuous) murmur]
•收缩（舒张）前（中、晚）期杂音[pre-(mid-, post) systolic (diastolic) murmur] •全收缩期的[holosystolic(pansystolic)]
•全舒张期的[holodiastolic (pandiastolic)]
•低（高）音调[low (high) pitched]
•递减（递增，递减-递增）性杂音[decrescendo (crescendo, decrescendo-crescendo)murmur] •呈喷射型[be ejection in type]
•Ⅳ级喷射型收缩期杂音[grade Ⅳ(I-Ⅳ/6) systolic ejection murmur]
•吹风样杂音[murmur of puffing character]
•低音调隆隆样[low-pitched rumbling quality]
•柔和（粗糙）的[soft (harsh or rough)]
•吹风样（喷射性、隆隆样、沙沙声样、搔抓声样、机器声样、汽笛声样、倒水声样）杂音[blowing (ejection, rumbling, rustting, scratching, machinary, whistling, pouring )murmur]
•功能性（器质性）杂音[functional (organic) murmur]
•血管（静脉）杂音[vascular (venous) murmur]
•枪击音[pistol shot sound]医学全.在线网.站.提供
•静脉营营音[venous hum]
•奔马律[gallop rhythm]
•胎心律[embryocardia]
•心律齐（不齐）[regular (irregular) rhythm]
•心律不齐[arrhythmia]
•二
（三）联律[bigeminy (trigeminy)]
•早搏[premature (extrasystol)]
•喀嗽音[click]
•钟摆律[pendular rhythm]
•二尖瓣开瓣音[mitral opening snap]
•心包摩擦音[pericardial friction sound]
•听诊[on auscultation]
•二尖瓣（主瓣，肺瓣，三尖瓣）听诊区[mitral (aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid) valve area] •心包叩击音[pericardial knock]
•肿瘤扑落音[tumor plop]
5、腹部[abdomen]
•腹（妊娠）纹[abdominal striae (striaegravidarum)]
•腹膨隆[abdominal distention (prominence)]
•腹平坦（凹陷）[abdominal flatne (retraction)]
•蛙状（球状、舟状）腹[frog(bulbous, scaphoid) belly (abdomen)]
•腹围增大[increased abdominal girth]
•肠型[intestinal pattern]
•梯形腹[ladder-shaped abdomen]
•胃（小肠）蠕动波[gastric (intestinal) peristaltic wave]
•静脉曲张[varicosity (dilated tortuous vein)]
•疤痕[scar]
•腹壁紧张（松驰）[guarding (abdominal muscular relaxation)]
•腹壁切口（创伤）[incision (wound) of abdominal wall]
•腹部分区[abdominal region]
•左（右）上（下）腹[left (right) upper (lower) quadrant]
•脐膨出[projection of the umbilicus]
•腹式呼吸[abdominal (diaphragmatic) breathing]
•腹壁松弛[lax abdominal wall]
•肝肿大[hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver)]
•脾肿大[splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen)]
•右肋下5厘米[5 cm below the right costal margin]
•肿块（肝）质硬[firm ma (liver)]
•莫菲氏征[murphy`s sigh]
•肌卫现象[muscle guarding (tension)]
•反跳痛[rebound tenderne]
•压痛点[tenderne point]
•剑突下压痛[tenderne beneath the xiphoid proce]
•麦氏点压痛[McBurney`s point tenderne]
•腹肌强直（板状腹，板样强直）[rigor of abdominal muscle (wooden belly, board-like rigidity)]
•柔韧感[dough kneeding sensation]医学.全在线
•波动感[fluctuation]
•腹股沟疝[inguinofemoral hernia]
•腹壁反射[abdominal reflex]
•腹水征[sign of ascites]
•膀胱肿大[bladder expansion]
•膀胱区（脊肋角）压痛[tenderne of bladder region (costovertebral angle)]
•肾（肝）区叩击病[percuion tenderne on kidney (liver) region]
•移动性浊音[shifting dullne]
•鼓音[tympany(tampanitic resonance)]
•肝（脾）浊音区[hepatic (splenic)dullne area]
•肠鸣音正常（亢进、减弱、消失）[normal (hyperactive, diminished, absent) bowel sound] •气过水声[gurgling]
•振水声[succusion (splashing) sound]
