Part 11 Translation Practice
Compilation Time: Jun.5, 2017 Implementation Time：Jun.12-- Jun.18 Teaching Contents: Section A Summary of translation skills Section B Translation practice Time allocation: (4 periods) Aims and Requirements: 1.Introduce some of the translation exercises in the new CET Band 4, helping the freshmen know how to prepare for it； 2.Master the main translation skills of CET Band 4.Focal Points and Difficult Points: Analysis of the translation skills; Key words of translation.Instruction Types: 1.Lecture and explanation.
2.Student-oriented communicative teaching, free discuion and interaction.Teaching Aids:
Multimedia software, CD-ROM
Step 1 The Problems of the translation
1、词汇积累不够，活跃词汇量低；
2、质低、量少、面偏；
3、课堂教学欣赏有余，练习密度差，强度小。 改正策略：
1、坚持扩大词汇量；
2、练习、对比、分析、思考总结四合一。
Step 2 The Skills of the translation 把平常的毎一次测试当考试（练习即模考）
1、开头与结尾要多分配时间(开头结尾不出错误，句式漂亮地道，汉译英重
表达)；
2、英语译文必须语法正确（直接影响及格与否）；
3、多用有把握的词句；
4、谨慎对待考场灵感；
5、对待难点宜“软”不宜“硬”；
6、在试卷上做适当的勾画。 推荐书目:
1、《大学英语翻译技巧》上海外教出版社 蔡基刚
2、《汉英翻译技巧》外文出版社
唐义均
3、《灵活与变通——英汉翻译案列讲座》 外文出版社 叶子男
4、《说词解句——英汉语言对比与翻译》 大连理工大学出版社
仝益明
做题步骤:
1、2分钟大致意群分析；
2、2分钟精细意群分析；
3、2分钟划分信息主干；
4、20分钟翻译全文；
5、3分钟检查。
简言之：
1、全文浏览；
2、短句；
3、找出主干（主谓或主系结构）
4、补充修饰成分（定状语）
Step 3
Translation Practice
练习1 • 中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对 海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。 改革开放以来， 中国企业与海外企业一直 积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成 就。海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长， 而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将 继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企 业与国外企业进一步开展合作。
• China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more busine opportunities to overseas enterprises.Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great achievement.Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation.Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between
Chinese and overseas enterprises.
练习2
• 狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈 之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视 为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将狮 子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护 人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。 在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入 了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好 运、平安和幸福。
• The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of bravene and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happine.练习3 • 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费 观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中 国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需 品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。 同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日 经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相 应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面， 服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质 量的要求。
• The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic neceities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development.On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.
练习4 • 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大 臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。 但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自 尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子， 希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几 千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子
（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是 在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
• The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.
练习5
• 2013年6月20日在中国各地，剧估计60万儿童和他们 的老师观看了有宇航员（astronaut）王亚平在距离 地球300公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个 同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱(the Tiangon-1 laboratory module) 执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系 列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球 上重力（one-gravity）环境下同样的实验。这堂物理 课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理 课，也显示了 我国通信科技的前进。
• On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers acro China watched a science leon taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Yaping.Wang is aboard the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week miion.Her leons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space.In some demonstrations, she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity environment on Earth.The leon has not only offered children a physics leon with knowledge and interest, but also shows the advance in communication technology of China.练习6通常看一个读些什么书就可知道他的为人，就像看他同什么人交往就可知道他的为人一样，因为有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴。无论是书友还是朋友，我们都应该以最好的为伴。但如果你放下了一本你不喜欢看的书而不断地去找寻另外一本对你有意义的书，因为这样一本书让你得到消遣放松，你确定很享受——因为阅读，你变得更好，更聪慧，更和善或者说更文雅，如果没有阅读的过程你什么也享用不了。他认为这本书和书中的知识只是违背他自身世界的另一个世界，一个他不存在也不想介入的世界，一个可恨的老师们代表着和标榜着的世界。
．A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.But if you put down a book you don‟t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time—and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder or more gentle, you won‟t have suffered during the proce.He felt that books and the knowledge in them were part of a world that was against him, a world to which he did not belong and which he did not want to enter, the world of which the hateful teachers were representatives and symbols.
练习7我们对历史的爱好起源于我们最初仅对一些历史上的宏伟场面和激动人心的事件感到孩童般的兴趣；其后，这种爱好变得成熟起来，我们开始对历史这出“戏剧”的多样性和复杂性，对历史上的辉煌成就和悲壮失败也感兴趣；对历史的爱好，最终以我们对人类生命的一种深沉的神秘感而告结束。对死去的，无论是伟大与平凡，所有在这个地球上走过而已逝的人，都有能取得伟大奇迹或制造可怕事件的潜力。
．It begins as a childlike interest in the grand spectacle and exciting event; it grows as a mature interest in the variety and complexity of the drama, the splendid achievements and terrible failures; it ends as deep sense of the mystery of man„s life of all the dead, great and obscure, who once walked the earth, and of wonderful and awful poibilities of being a human being.
中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代 诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征 着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国 的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗 烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。
Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals.For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day.The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completene and family reunion.The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake.The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.Besides the popular poultry and meat, people
cook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake
练习8北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅 是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大 厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来
In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs.The life of common people in hutongs brings endle charm to the ancient capital, Beijing.The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture.Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people.Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendline and genuine humanity.Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings.I hope hutongs can be preserved.
练习9过去的七年，中国的房地产(real estate)业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市 拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经 取得了初步的成效
In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed.For those who earn le but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc.Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities.
练习10如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学生把在校的大多数 时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次，大 学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议大学生在 课余时间做一些兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。
Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack neceary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more
fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.
Aignments: Students are required to finish all the related exercises in the book.
