两会词汇：中国国家机关英文名称一览
全国人民代表大会
1.全国人民代表大会 [National People‘s Congre (NPC)]
主席团 Presidium
常务委员会 Standing Committee
办公厅General Office
秘书处Secretariat
代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee
提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee
民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee
法律委员会Law Committee
财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee
外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee
教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee
内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs
华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee
法制工作委员会Commiion of Legislative Affairs
特定问题调查委员会Commiion of Inquiry into Specific Questions
宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution
2.中华人民共和国主席 [President of the People\"s Republic of China]
3.中央军事委员会 [Central Military Commiion]
4.最高人民法院 [Supreme People\"s Court]
5.最高人民检察院 [Supreme People\"s Procuratorate]
国务院部委
6.国务院 [State Council]
(1)国务院部委 Ministries and Commiions Directly under the State Council
外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs
国防部Ministry of National Defence
国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commiion
国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commiion
教育部Ministry of Education
科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology
国防科学技术工业委员会Commiion of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence
国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commiion
公安部Ministry of Public Security
国家安全部Ministry of State Security
监察部Ministry of Supervision
民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs
司法部Ministry of Justice
财政部Ministry of Finance
人事部Ministry of Personnel
劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security
国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources
建设部Ministry of Construction
铁道部Ministry of Railways
交通部Ministry of Communications
信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry
水利部Ministry of Water Resources
农业部Ministry of Agriculture
对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
文化部Ministry of Culture
卫生部Ministry of Public Health
国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commiion
中国人民银行People\"s Bank of China
国家审计署State Auditing Administration
国务院办事机构
(2)国务院办事机构 Offices under the State Council
国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council
侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs
港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office
台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office
法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs
经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring
国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council
新闻办公室Information Office
国务院直属机构
(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council
海关总署General Administration of Customs
国家税务总局State Taxation Administration
国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration
中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)
国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television
国家体育总局State Sport General Administration
国家统计局State Statistics Bureau
国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce
新闻出版署Pre and Publication Administration
国家版权局State Copyright Bureau
国家林业局State Forestry Bureau
国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)
国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)
国家旅游局National Tourism Administration
国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs
国务院参事办Counsellors\" Office of the State Council
国务院机关事物管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council
国务院直属机构事业单位
(4)国务院直属事业单位 Institutions Directly under the State Council
新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency
中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences
中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
中国工
程院Chinese Academy of Engineering
国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council
国家行政学院National School of Administration
中国地震局China Seismological Bureau
中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau
中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commiion (CSRC)
部委管理的国家局
(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administrated by Ministries or Commiions
国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reserve (under the State Development Planning Commiion)
国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade
国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry
国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry
国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry
国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries
国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry
国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry
国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry
国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau 国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry
[以上由国家经贸委管理][all under the State Economic and Trade Commiion]
国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)
国家海洋局 （国土资源部）State Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and resources)
国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)
国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)
国家文物局（文化部）State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)
国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health)
国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People\"s Bank of China)
国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs) （实习编辑：顾萍）
“两会”热词
（二）
今年“两会”会期短、议程简，被誉为“节俭的两会”。政协会议只有9天，人大会议会期也只有8天半。 两会上最大的节俭来自会务安排上的高效率，会务组将对提案进行分类梳理，提高效率。下面就给大家介绍一下近几天“两会”全体会议及分组讨论中提到的双语热词。
panel discuions 分组讨论
social strata 社会阶层
macro-control 宏观调控
market mechanism 市场机制
build a harmonious society 建立和谐社会
trade protectionism 贸易保护主义
traditional export markets 传统出口市场
export credit insurance 出口信用保险（国家为了推动本国的出口贸易，保障出口企业的收汇安全而制定的一项由国家财政提供保险准备金的非赢利性的政策性保险业务）
export proceing industry 出口加工业
private investor 个人投资者
building of public infrastructure 公共基础设施建设
low-income families 低收入家庭
Scientific Outlook on Development 科学发展观
registered unemployment rate 登记失业率
economic indicator 经济指标
development pattern 发展模式
structural adjustment 结构调整
legal framework 法律体制
draft laws 法律草案
poverty-stricken areas 贫困地区
vocational education 职业教育
social safety net 社会安全网
food safety monitoring system 食品安全监管制度
post-quake reconstruction 震后重建
earthquake-resistance standards 抗震标准
economic zone 经济区
labor-intensive industry 劳动密集型产业
negative growth 负增长
go-ahead 放行信号
second board 二板市场（二板市场是与主板市场main board相对应存在的概念，是为了促进众多中小型创新企业发展而设立的针对中小型企业尤其是创新型企业的股票市场）
labor dispute 劳资纠纷
company share-holding reform 公司股改（公司股份制改革，改变股票持有人的股权比例,例如增加股东或引入其他投资人）
anti-risk capability 抗风险能力
personal income tax threshold 个税起征点（缴纳个人所得税的最低限额）
tax levy system 税收制度
work ethics 职业道德
market-oriented 市场导向
eight percent protection 保八（中央政府今年力保国内生产总值增长8%的通俗说法） （实习编辑：顾萍）
harmonious socialist society 社会主义和谐社
会
sound and fast development 又快又好的发展
people\'s well-being “民生”
to safeguard social fairne and justice 维护社会公平和正义
new socialist countryside 社会主义新农村
basic living /subsistence allowance system for rural residents 农村最低生活保障制度
minimum living/subsistence allowance 最低生活补助
new type of rural cooperative medical care system新型农村合作医疗制度
methane 沼气
corporate/enterprise income tax 企业所得税
property law 物权法
overheated property sector 房地产市场过热
low-rent housing 廉租房
county-level cities 县级市
to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants discharge 节能降耗减排
school-age children 适龄儿童
tuition aistance 助学金
vocational education 职业教育
pre-marital medical check-up 婚前医学检查；婚检
doctor-patient relationship 医患关系
substandard food and medicine 不合标准的食品和药品
food and drug safety 食品医药安全
tax on agricultural specialty products 农业特产税
community hospitals 社区医院
community healthcare system 社区医疗保健制度
stay-at-home children 留守儿童
rural migrant workers 农民工
ice-melting/ice-thawing trip “融冰”之旅
diversification of foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备多元化
vulnerable group/disadvantaged group 弱势群体(实习编辑：kay)
双语盘点：“两会”相关词汇大集萃
每年初春是两会召开之际，有人把“两会”译为 the two meetings, 在中国人看来这样译没有问题；但在对外报道和宣传中最好说清楚。
“两会”指全国人民代表大会 (the National People\'s Congre) 和中国人民政治协商会议(the Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference)。两会是每年召开的会议，可在前面加上annual seion of。
表示“会”的英文词汇很多。congre 一词常表示专门性代表大会，比较正式而隆重，出席会议的代表一般是选举产生的，会上通过的决议往往具有约束力，“中国共产党的全国代表大会”就是 national congre of the Chinese Communist Party, 美国的国会也称congre。
Conference多指协商讨论性的会议，出席的代表通常是邀请，协商产生或有关单位委派的，会议的决议往往不具有约束力。
Meeting是其中最普通的词，词义比较笼统。meeting 可以泛指各种有目的的集会，如 ma meeting(群众大会)，farewell meeting(欢送会)，cla meeting(学生开的班会)，由各国元首或政府首脑出席的“峰会”是summit meeting，现在meeting一词常省略。“座谈会”等学术性会议常用forum 和symposium。
汉语中有些“会”已不属于meeting的范畴，比如“展览会”是exhibition 或show；春节期间的“庙会”可译为festival temple fair,元宵节的“灯会”应该是lantern show。
最近大家谈论最多的莫过于即将召开的“两会”，下面小编和大家分享一些与“两会”相关的词汇：
National People\'s Congre 全国人民代表大会
Chinese People\'s Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议
11th Five-year Development Program 十一五发展规划
Innovation-oriented Society 创新型社会
Scientific Concept of Development 科学发展观
Township Health Service 城乡医疗服务
Rural Compulsory Education 农村义务教育
Building New Socialist Countryside 建设社会主义新农村
Cro-straits peace and stability 两岸和平与稳定
Increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate 增加人民币汇率的灵活性
President of the People\'s Republic of China 中华人民共和国主席
Central Military Commiion 中央军事委员会
Supreme People\'s Court 最高人民法院
Supreme People\'s Procuratorate 最高人民检察院
Presidium 主席团
Standing Committee 常务委员会
General Office 办公厅
Secretariat 秘书处
Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 内务司法委员会
Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 华侨委员会
Commiion of Legislative Affairs 法制工作委员会
Committee for Revision of the Constitution 宪法修改委员会
Credentials Committee 代表资格审查委员会
Motions Examination Committee
提案审查委员会
Ethnic Affairs Committee 民族委员会
Law Committee 法律委员会
Finance and Economy Committee 财政经济委员会
Foreign Affairs Committee 外事委员会
Commiion of Inquiry into Specific Questions 特定问题调查委员会
Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会 （实习编辑：顾萍）
中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee
政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee
政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee
书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee
中央委员 Member, Central Committee
候补委员 Alternate Member
„„省委/市委书记 Secretary, „Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC
党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group
中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People\'s Republic of China
全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People\'s Congre
秘书长 Secretary-General
主任委员 Chairman
委员 Member
(地方人大)主任 Chairman, Local People\'s Congre
人大代表 Deputy to the People\'s Congre
国务院总理 Premier, State Council
国务委员 State Councilor
秘书长 Secretary-General
(国务院各委员会)主任 Minister in Charge of Commiion for
(国务院各部)部长 Minister
部长助理 Aistant Minister
司长 Director
局长 Director
省长 Governor
常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor
自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People\'s Government
地区专员 Commiioner, prefecture
香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor
区长 Chief Executive, District Government
县长 Chief Executive, County Government
乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township Government
秘书长 Secretary-General
办公厅主任 Director, General Office
(部委办)主任 Director
处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief
科长/股长 Section Chief
科员 Clerk/Officer
发言人 Spokesman
顾问 Adviser
参事 Counselor
巡视员 Inspector/Monitor
特派员 Commiioner
人民法院院长 President, People\'s Courts
人民法庭庭长 Chief Judge, People\'s Tribunals
审判长 Chief Judge
审判员 Judge
书记 Clerk of the Court
法医 Legal Medical Expert
法警 Judicial Policeman
人民检察院检察长 Procurator-General, People\'s procuratorates
监狱长 Warden
律师 Lawyer
公证员 Notary Public
总警监 Commiioner General
警监 Commiioner
警督 Supervisor
警司 Superintendent
警员 Constable （实习编辑：顾萍）
翻译国家大事必备英语词汇
For four years in a row(连续四年)
a year-on-year increase(比上年增加)
reform and opening up policy(改革开放政策)
social programs(社会事业)
per capita(每人的，人均的)
after adjusting for inflation(扣除价格因素)
moderately prosperous society(小康社会)
macroeconomic regulatory(宏观调控)
new socialist countryside(社会主义新农村)
pursuant to the law(依法)
rural migrant workers in cities(农民工)
surplus production capacity(生产力过剩)
opened to traffic(通车)
energy conservation(节能)
state-owned enterprises(国有企业)
civil servant(公务员)
made breakthroughs(取得突破)
compulsory education(义务教育)
miscellaneous fees(杂费)
boarding schools(寄宿制学校)
distance education(远程教
育)
secondary vocational schools(中等职业学校)
incorporated villages(行政村)
unincorporated villages(自然村)
After years of effort(经过多年努力)
basic cost of living allowances(最低生活保障)
autonomous regions(自治区)
free our minds(解放思想)
keep pace with the times(与时俱进)
Chinese socialism(中国特色社会主义)
social harmony(社会和谐)
special administrative regions(特别行政区)
prudent fiscal policy。(稳健的财政政策)
boosting domestic demand(扩大内需)
cutting-edge(前沿)
displaced residents((三峡)移民)
non-publicly funded schools(民办学校)school year(学年)
communicable diseases(传染病)
social safety net(社会保障)
discharged military personnel(退伍军人)
pyramid schemes(传销)
pilot project(试点)
Income Tax(所得税)
futures market(期货市场)
high value-added(高附加值)
high-end(高端)
cutthroat competition(恶性竞争)
combat corruption(反腐)
hand over foot(大手大脚)
plug up loopholes(堵塞漏洞)
People\'s Armed Police(武警)
starting point and objective(出发点和落脚点)
socialist market economy(社会主义市场经济)
Scientific Outlook on Development(科学发展观)
harmonious socialist society(社会主义和谐社会)
tailor measures to suit local conditions(因地制宜)
South-to-North Water Diversion Project(南水北调)
administrative examination and approval(行政审批)
follow a realistic and pragmatic approach(实事求是)
exercise activities for the general public(全民健身活动)
large-scale development of the western region(西部大开发)
proceing industry for agricultural products(农产品加工业)
municipalities directly under the central government(直辖市)
primary, secondary and tertiary industry(第一第二第三产业)
deliver a good report to the people。(向人民交出满意的答卷)
socialist cultural and ethical progre(社会主义精神文明建设)
give full play to the initiative of each。(充分发挥各自的积极性)
registering the third consecutive annual increase(连续三年增加)
physically and mentally challenged persons(残疾人，肢残和智残)
resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society。(资源节约型和环境友好型社会)
ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development。(让全体人民共享改革发展的成果) （实习编辑：顾萍）
