2001年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题
PART ONE
I．Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A.Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions labeled [A], [B],
[C] and [D].Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expreivene.
1.You can’t be too careful while driving!
[A]开车要特别小心！[B]开车不能太小心！
[C]你开车时不得不小心翼翼！[D]你开车要小心，但切忌谨小慎微！
2.The samples of soil from various depths are examined for traces of oil.
[A]土样被从不同深度取出，进行检验，看是否有含油的迹象。
[B]从不同深度取出土样以后，便进行检验，看是否有含油的迹象。
[C]根据含油的迹象，土样被从不同深度取出，对之进行检验。
[D]为了寻找含油的迹象，从不同深度取出土样以后，便进行检验。
3.Scarcity of deer in some areas or Texas is attributed to the screw-worm.
[A]得可萨斯州某些地区鹿群稀少造成了这样螺旋锥蝇的出现。
[B]得可萨斯州某些地区稀少的鹿群与这种螺旋锥蝇起着相互影响。
[C]这种螺旋锥蝇的出现，就是因得可萨斯州某些地区鹿群稀少而造成的。
[D]得可萨斯州某些地区鹿群之所以稀少，就是由这种螺旋锥蝇造成的。
4.It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I had intended to pay to Germany in January.
[A]我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。
[B]我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。
[C]令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。
[D]令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对的国预定的访问。
5.Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, and the waters flow more quietly.
[A]河面逐渐展开，两岸徐徐向后退去，河水也流得更为平缓。
[B]河面逐渐展开，两岸离得越来越远，河水也流得更为平缓。
[C]河面逐渐展开，两岸变得越来越近，河水也流得更为平缓。
[D]河面逐渐展开，两岸愈加隐隐约约，河水也流得更为平缓。
6.Zhou Enlai arranged for experts from Beijing University to give Bill Morrow some up-to-date information he wanted.
[A]北京大学的专家想为比尔·莫罗提供一些最新情况，周恩来就给他们作了安排。
[B]周恩来想让北京大学的专家作出安排，向比尔·莫罗介绍一些最新情况。
[C]比尔·莫罗想了解一些最新的情况，周恩来就安排北京大学的专家向他作介绍。
[D]比尔·莫罗想了解一些有关北京大学的专家的最新情况，周恩来就作了安排。
7.小王没有辜负父母的期望。
[A]Xiao Wang reached his parents’ expectations.
[B]Xiao Wang satisfied his parents’ hopes.
[C]Xiao Wang realized his parents’ dreams.
[D]Xiao Wang lived up to his parents’ expectations.
8.世界在变化，我们的思想和行动也要随之而变。
[A]The world is changing, we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
[B]The world is changing, werefore we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
[C]The world is changing, and we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
[D]The world is changing, but we should change our thinking and actions along with it.
9.大错误没有犯， 小错误没有断， 因为我们没有经验。
[A]We haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made minor ones, because we have no experience.
[B]Since we haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no1
experience.
[C]As we haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no experience.
[D]although we haven’t made any major mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no experience.
10.她不爱说话，别人问了才回答，答的也不多。
[A]She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question.
[B]She said little, answering only briefly when asking a question.
[C]She said little, others asked and then she answered briefly.
[D]She said little, and not answered briefly only until other asked.
B: Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked [A],
[B],[C] and [D].Select the one that best completes each statement.
11.“信、达、雅”这一翻译标准，是严复在他翻译的_________一书中的“译例言”中提出的。
[A]《原富》[B]《天演论》[C]《法意》[D]《穆勒名学》
12.周煦良认为“雅”应当理解为________.
[A]尔雅[B]有文采[C]得体[D]易懂
13.__________认为，一部好的译作总是既有直译又有意译的：凡能直译处坚持直译，必须意译处则放手意译。
[A]傅雷[B]郭沫若[C]王佑良[D]茅盾
14.王力先生指出，西文多用形合法，______.
[A]因此定语从句用得特别多[B]因为现在分词用得特别多
[C]联结成分在大多数情况下是不可缺少的[D]介词和介词短语往往是不可缺少的
15.就句子结构而言，一般说来，_________.
[A]汉语多用并列结构，英语也多用并列结构[B]汉语多用并列结构，英语多用主从结构
[C]汉语多用主从结构，英语有多用主从结构[D]汉语多用主从结构，英语多用并列结构
PART TWO
II.Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A.Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.
16.the Industrial Revolution17.joint venture
18.labor intensive industries19.court of appeals
20.registered capiotal21.force majeure
22.Universal Copyright Convention23.per capita
24.internal combustion engine25.economic globalization
B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26.自然资源27.营业执照28.修正案29.香港特别行政区
30.保险公司31.原料32.太和殿33.金融危机
34.原油35.国民生产总值
III.Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies.Improve the given translations.
A.Example:
原文：It was an old and ragged moon.
译文：那是一个又老又破的月亮。
改译：那是一弯下弦残月。
36.原文：They had barely enough time to catch the train.
译文：他们刚够使劲赶上火车。
37.原文：Martha bought a suit for one-third off the regular price.
译文：玛莎以原价三分之一的钱买了一套衣服。
38.原文：I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age.
译文：我把青春献给了海洋，回家的时候便把老年给了我的妻子。
39.原文：Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth.
译文：他的许多思想对当代青年特别感兴趣。
40.原文：Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways that he traveled as he went about his engineering projects.
译文：布林德雷在为他的工程项目到处奔走的时候，还用自己的帐户中的利息对沿途经过的河道进行了勘察。
41.原文：It may not be in the interest of one or more of these groups to have clarity and simplicity in land information and regulations where that group is deriving illegal
profits from land transactions.
译文：使土地信息透明和土地法规简化可能不符合正在从土地买卖中非法获得的某些集团的利益。
B.Example:
原文：革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。
译文：Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces, and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces.
改译：Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces, and so does reform.
42.原文：她在这出戏里扮演祥林嫂。
译文：She played the part of Sister-in-law Xianglin in the opera.
43.原文：先有哈佛，后有美利坚合众国，这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位。
译文：The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to the position of Harvard in the United States in the American history.
44.原文：就我们国家来讲，首先是要摆脱贫穷。要摆脱贫穷，就要找出一条比较快的发展道路。
译文：For China, the first thing is to throw off poverty.To throw off poverty we have to find a way to develop fairly rapidly.
45.原文：我进去看了，只记得有几个年青人在那里唱民歌，别的没有印象了。
译文：I went there to have a look.All I remember now is that some young people were singing folk songs there, and I do not remember anything else.
IV.Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A.Directions: Translate the following paage into Chinese.(20 points)
46.Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan.Driving southward from Cairo into the Valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era.For the next 1,800 miles the thin blue ribbon of the Nile, flowing slowly north, unwound over brown soil and green fields, some only a few yards wide, others as broad as an Iowa cornfield.At the edge of the fields, rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon, lay the brown barren deserts.
I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long, narrow farm.The villages and towns were usually perched on the edge, so as not to waste arable soil and because there was a need, before the High Dam tamed the Nile, to live beyond the reach of the annual floods.The road followed the course of the Nile, now paing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert.
B.Directions: Translate the following paage into English.(10 points)
47.我虽爱买书，而对于书却不甚爱惜。读书的时候，常在书上把我认为要紧的处所标出。有些书用笔加圈，其他书就用红铅笔划粗粗的线。经过我看过的书，统体干净的很少。
参考答案及评分标准
I．Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.B6.C7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.B12.C 13.C14.C 15.B
II.Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A.
16．工业革命（或产业革命）17．合资企业18．劳动秘集型产业
19．上诉法庭20．注册资本21．不可抗力 22．世界版权公约
23．人均24．内燃机25．经济全球化
B.
26.natural resources27.busine license28.amendment
29.Hong Kong Special Administrative Region （或Hong Kong SAR）
30.insurance company31.raw material(s)32.The Hall of Supreme Harmony
33.financial crisis34.crude oil35.gro national product （或GNP）
III.Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
[评分标准及参考答案]
一．本题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。
二．凡与参考答案相符，给2分；若与参考答案不符，但考生能用规范译语把原文的意思准确地表达出来，也可给2分。
三．即使辨认出错误，但没有正确改译，不给分。
四．如考生在改译中把原译的错处或缺点改掉，却又在另一点上犯错，原则上不给分；如错误小，可考虑给1分。
A.
36．他们差点儿没赶上火车。（要求考生掌握副词“barely”的意思及反译法）
37．玛莎买了一套衣服，比原价便宜三分之一。（要求考生掌握分数及“off”在这儿的译法）
38．我年青时出海，回到妻子身边时已垂垂老矣。（要求考生把握全句，用引伸法译出意思。如有人译成“我将青春献给了大海，晚年回家来和妻子过日子”等，也不算错。）
39．他的许多观点，当代青年特别感兴趣。（要求考生在译文中弄清主谓动宾关系，注意句子结构。）
40．布林德雷在为他的工程项目到处奔走的时候，出于自愿和兴趣，对沿途经过的河道进行了勘察。（要求考生避免望文生义，弄清确切意思再翻译）
41．使土地信息透明，土地法规简化，就可能不符合某些集团的利益，因为这些集团正在从土地买卖中非法获利。（要求考生用切分法翻译此长句）
B.
42.She played the part of Xianglin’s Wife in the opea.（要求考生避免死译，不要一看到“嫂”就翻译成“sister-in-law”，要理清关系。但若翻译为“Sister Xianglin”，
虽不准确，但口语中也有人这样说，因此也可给分。）
43.The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to its position in the American history.（要求考生用人称代词所有格代替重复部分）
44.For China, the first thing is to throw off poverty.To do that we have to find a way to develop fairly rapidly.（要求考生避免重复，用规范的英语表达）
45.I went there to have a look.All I remember now is that some young people were singing folk songs there.（要求考生用省略法翻译，避免中式思维）
IV.Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A.[参考答案] （20分）
46．尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。从这里再往前一千八百英里，尼罗河像一条细细的蓝色丝带，缓缓流向北方，沿途穿过棕色的土地和绿色的田野，这田地窄的不过几码，宽的则赶得上美国依阿华州的玉米地。田地外边是村草不生的棕色沙漠，有的地方突然隆起像是小山，有的地方则平平地伸向地平线。
我感到仿佛是在开车穿过一个狭窄而极长的农场。大小村镇一般都处于田地的边上，这是为了不浪费耕地，同时有是因为在高坝控制尼罗河以前，有必要住得远一点，以躲避每年发生的洪水。公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，有时穿过庄稼地，有时像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
[评分要点]
英译汉部分满分为20分，包括分句评价分18分，总体评价分2分。
分句评价分的分值如下：
第1句：（3分）
follow一词不可译为“跟随”。译文需改变句子结构。
第2句：（3分）
要正确理解owed little to，译作“没有受到多少现代影响，”“没有多少现代的痕迹，”或类似译法均可。第3句：（3分）
unwound一词不可译作展开，可译作“穿过”，或“延伸”。
第4句：（3分）
这是一个倒装句，关键是把动词lay处理好。译文需改变句子的结构。
第5句：（2分）
had the illusion可译作“仿佛感到”，或“有一种幻觉”等，但不可译作“幻想”。
第6句：（2分）
要正确处理a need 和to live的关系。
第7句：（2分）
要正确理解now„，now„的意思。
总体评价分为2分。考生的分句评价分在15分（含15分）以上才可加总体评价分。如果译文在总体上理解正确，内容上忠实原文，表达流畅，汉语规范，则可给2分。如果理解基本正确，内容上基本忠实原文，表达比较流畅，语言基本规范，则可酌情给1分。
B.[参考答案] （10分）
47.Much as I love books, I take little care of them.In doing my reading, I often mark out what I regard as important in a book.In some books, I use a writing brush to draw small circles as markings.In others, I use a red pencil to draw heavy underlines.Consequently, the books I have read are rarely clean.
[评分要点]
汉译英部分满分为10分，包括分句评价分9分，总体评价分1分。
分句评价分的分值如下：
第1句：（2分）
although和but不能在句中同时出现。
第2句：（2分）
译文应有主语。
第3句：（3分）
该句可译成两句。如译成一句，则需有联结成分。“笔”若译成pen，不算错。
第4句：（2分）
注意句子结构。不要译成：The books I have read, few are clean，或出现类似的语法错误。
总体评价分为1分。考生的分句评价分在7分（含7分）以上才可加总体评价分。如果译文在总体上理解正确，内容上忠实原文，表达流畅，英语规范，则可给1分。如果理解基本正确，内容上基本忠实原文，表达比较流畅，语言基本规范，则可酌情给0.5分或不给分。
