There be句型的用法
There be句型的用法
一、构成:There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如:
There are fifty-two students in our cla.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.
There was an old house by the river five years ago.
二、各种句式:
否定句:There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即:no + n.(名词)= not a\\an\\any + n.(名词)。注意:no + n.(可数名词单数)= not a\\an + n.(可数名词单数);no + n.(可数名词复数)= not any + n.(可数名词复数);no + n.(不可数名词)= not any + n.(不可数名词)。例如:
There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.→There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.→There is no juice in the bottle.
一般疑问句:There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。例如:
There is some money in her handbag.
→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中,some改为any, something改为anything.)
There is something new in today’s newspaper.→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper? 特殊疑问句:
There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式:
① 对主语提问:当主语是人时,用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”;当主语是物时,用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:
There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree?
There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问:用 “Where is \\ are + 主语?”表示(注意其答语变化):例如:
There is a computer in my office.
→ Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office.
There are four children in the claroom.
→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the claroom.
③ 对数量提问:一般有两种提问方式:
如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?”表示:
There are twelve months in a year. →How many months are there in a year? There is only one book in my bag. → How many books are there in your bag? There is a cat in the box.
→ How many cats are there in the box?
如果主语是不可数名词,则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?”表示:
There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in
your purse?
反意疑问句:There be或There加其它动词,其反意疑问句一律用„there? 例如: There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there? There used to be no school here, used there \\did there?
三、注意事项:
1.There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词,或是不可数名词,be动词用“is”“was”。例如:
There is a basketball in the box.There is a little milk in the gla.
如果句子的主语是复数名词,be动词就用“are” “were”。例如:There are many birds in the tree.
There were many people in the street yesterday.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如:
There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
2. There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to\\ will、现在完成时
have\\has + pp.、used to结构等连用,注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如:
There must be a pen in the box.
There happened to be some money in my pocket. There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church acro from the bank.3.There be句型和have\\has的区别:
There be句型表示 “存在有”, have\\has表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如:
桌子上有三本书.There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.I have three books.
4.There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语.例如:
There is a truck collecting rubish outside.There is a wallet lying on the ground.四、练习:Choose the best answers.
1.
There isn’t _____water in the gla.Let’s go and get some.A.many
B.lots
C.any
D.some 2.
There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.
A.was
B.had
C.is
D.were 3.There ____ many changes in the village recently.A.is
B.are
C.have been
D.to be
4.---There _______a lot of meat on the plate.Would you like some? ---Just a little, please.
A.is
B.are
C.am
D.be
5.There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.
A.is
B.are
C.have
D.has
6.There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.A.is
B.are
C.have
D.has 7.There is a boy _______at the door.
A.stand
B.standing
C.stood
D.is standing 8.---_______is in the house?
--- There is an old women in the house.
A.What
B.Whose
C.Who
D.Which
9.There used to be a tower here, _____?
A.usedn’t it
B.used there
C.didn’t it
D.didn’t there 10.There ____a meeting tonight.
A.is going be
B.is going to have
C.is going to
D.is going to be
Key 1-5
CACAB
6-10 ABCDD
There be 句型的练习题
一、选择
1.There are_____ pencils in my pencil box. A....a
B.an
C.some 2.There is ______ rocking chair in my bedroom.
A. a
B.an
C.five 3.There are _____ new books for you. A. a
B.an
C.two 4.There is _______ ruler on the desk. A. a
B.an
C.some 5.There is________cap on the desk. A.One
B.an
C.three 6.There are ______ pencil boxes in the book bag. A. a
B.an
C.two
二 把下例句子改成疑问句
1. There
are
four
apples
on
the
ground.
_______________________________________ 2. There
are
five
birds
in
the
tree.
_______________________________________ 3.
There
are
five
birds
singing
in
the tree.
:_______________________________________ 4.There is
an
armchair
in
the
living
room.
______________________________________ 5.There’s a sofa in the living room. ______________________________________ 6.There’s a
rubber
duck
in
the
bathmat.
______________________________________
三把下例句子改成否定句。
1.There are
two
bowls
on
the
table.
__________________________________________ 2.There are
some
beautiful
flowers
in
the garden. :__________________________________________ 3.There
is
a
tree
in
the garden.
:___________________________________________ 4. There
is
an
apple
tree
in
the garden. :____________________________________________