阅读与写作（第一部分）
一、现代文阅读
十二点的列车
［埃及］舒尔巴吉著 郅溥浩译
正午时分，时钟照例敲了十二下。火车慢慢起动。就在这当儿，麦斯欧德迅速跳上最后 一节车厢。车厢里挤满了乘客，一个空位子也没有，连过道上都站满了人。他决心为自己找 一个座位，不能这样站一路。他看见有个座位上放着一只手提包，想先去抢座，免得给别人 占去。他从站在过道上的人群中用肩头艰难地为自己开路，终于走到那座位前。他伸手将包 拎起，问也没问一声就将它塞到座位底下。坐在对面的一位姑娘大声嚷起来，问他要干什么？ 他冷冷地反问道：
“这是你的提包吗？”
“是我的！”
“那好！位子是给人坐的，不是放提包的！”
说完他便仰靠在座位上，带点歉意地向那姑娘微笑。姑娘把脸转到一边，没理他。 一小时后，火车在下一站停车。检票员走过来查票。他在一位乘客面前停下来，要他下 车。那乘客回答说：
“我买的是到终点站的票！”
“所有乘客的票都是到终点站的。但每站都必须有一些乘客要下去，给新上来的乘客腾 出地方。”
“真是怪事，世界上没有一列火车会发生这种事。”
“我们这次列车有自己的规定。你必须下去！”
“先生，我求你„„”
“听着，如果你再不下去，我就命令乘警把你从窗口扔下去！”
“等等，让我再买一张票。”
“没有新票卖给你。”
“可是„„”
“你是在有意浪费我的时间„„”
检票员对身后的四名乘警示意，让他们把这乘客从车窗扔出去。说时迟，那时快，乘警 像闪电般扑向那乘客，迅即抓住他把他从窗口扔了出去。一会儿火车便开动了，那乘客凄惨 的呼唤声渐渐消失。检票员和乘警在乘客的惊惧中离开了车厢。
麦斯欧德看了看姑娘，禁不住和她攀谈起来。姑娘由于刚才的惊恐，也希望有个人和自 己说说话，减轻一下刚才目睹的事给她造成的心理影响。麦斯欧德说道：
“刚才是怎么回事？”
“不知道！不敢相信刚才看见的事实„„”
“那就让我们忘掉它。你叫什么名字？”
“可我不了解你„„”
“那好，让我先作自我介绍吧。我叫麦斯欧德，是个农业工程师，教过书，后来辞职不 干了。现在我到终点站去领取分给我的土地，我要在那儿耕耘播种，成家立业。你看，这不 是比干公职强得多吗？”
姑娘转过脸去，淡淡地说：
“这是你的事，与我无关。”
他明白她的意思，赶快亲切地说道：
“可是你必须同意我的观点。”
“我？为什么？”
“因为我将去迎接的生活是值得为之作出牺牲的。城市的拥挤已压得人喘不过气来。相 信我，新土地上的生活将是极其美好的，它将成为天堂的一部分，特别是„„如果有一位妻 子陪伴着„„”
“妻子？为什么你不和她一起去？”
“我还没有结婚哩！”
“你说得对。一开始你最好不结婚，以免婚后生活影响你„„”
“正相反，有了妻子，它才是美好的。„„你的意见怎样？”
“什么意见？”
“我已经谈得够多了„„现在该轮到你了，我想知道你„„”
“我是从城里逃出来的。”
“逃出来„„”
“我曾和一个青年相爱结婚。我曾认为他是一个天使。„„谁知还在蜜月中他就背叛了我。” “在新土地上不会发生背叛的。”
“我想到遥远的荒无人烟的岛上去生活„„”
“这不是自杀吗？”
“再跟另一个男人生活在一起才是自杀。”
“在新开垦的土地上是不会发生背叛行为的，因为它干净纯洁，没有受到城市中你争我 夺和工厂烟囱的污染„„请问芳名„„”
“我叫纳吉娃。”
“她真是我心中的娇娃。”他这么想着，不觉两眼向她瞟了过去，那一双蓝蓝的大眼 睛„„男人还会梦想到比这更美好的妻子吗？
“你在想什么呢？”
她的问话打断了他的思路。他赶忙笑了笑，对她说：
“你不觉得饿吗？我这儿有烤鸽肉„„”
“等等，我这儿有吃的。”她打开放在腿上的提包，取出几个三明治，带着甜蜜的微笑递给他。
他没来得及接过三明治，便被停车的声音惊醒过来。
检票员走过来，看了看姑娘：
“请把票拿出来。”
姑娘心头一紧，三明治从她手里掉下来。
她想起了前一站发生的事情„„她勉强堆着笑把票递给检票员，嘴里不住地说道： “前面还有很长一段路，是吧？”
“很遗憾，你的票到此为止！”
麦斯欧德忍不住喊了起来：
“不，这不可能！”
检票员向他投来冷峻而带威胁性的眼光：
“这与你无关„„”
麦斯欧德一阵战栗，他差点哭出来，说：
“您仔细看看她的票„„也许您弄错了„„”
“我们绝不会错的，先生。我们列车上的一切都是经过精确算计的。请下车吧，太太！ 否则我将命令乘警把你从窗口扔下去？！”
“不，”她惊惧地喊了一声，“我自己下去。”
她从座位站起。麦斯欧德也站起身，对她说：
“我和你一块下去，纳吉娃！我不让你一个人走。”
检票员用力一推，把麦斯欧德推回座位上，冲着他吼道：
“我们不许任何人下车，除非他的票已经到站！”
“可是„„”
在检票员那严峻的目光下，麦斯欧德恐惧得浑身都像要溶化似的，僵坐在自己的位子上， 呆呆地目送纳吉娃走下火车，泪花在眼睛里翻滚。火车又慢慢起动了。这时又过来一位姑娘， 请他允许她坐在他面前的空位子上。她注意到他那含泪的僵滞的目光在看着自己，于是嫣然 一笑，说：
“泪水是污秽的，污秽的泪水流完后，你的眼睛就会变得明亮„„瞧，你的眼睛已经变 得明亮了„„你用镜子照照„„你有镜子吗？我有，给你，你照照„„”
麦斯欧德瞧了瞧镜子，发现他的头发已经突然变白，脸上全是皱纹。他像大梦初醒，发 现车厢几乎全都空了，大部分乘客已经下去。
姑娘望着他，爽朗地笑着说：
“老大爷，你要上哪儿去呀？”
“到列车的终点站，姑娘！我的票还没有作废„„”
1．下列对小说人物的分析与概括，恰当的两项是
A．《十二点的列车》是一篇爱情小说，它主要讲述了麦斯欧德与纳吉娃这两个年轻人在 十二点的列车上的一段奇遇。
B．麦斯欧德与纳吉娃由相互不满到彼此交流的主要原因，是因为列车上发生了一件令所 有乘客都害怕和震惊的偶然事件，为了缓和惊悸与恐怖的心理，他们需要交流和语言 抚慰。
C．麦斯欧德厌恶了城市生活，主动到终点站领取分给他的土地，从事农业生产，是因为 他对未来的美好前程怀有无比的自信和有施必成的决心。
D．纳吉娃是一个在新婚蜜月的日子遭受丈夫背叛的不幸女子，她离开了她的丈夫，但她 并没有对生活、对男人绝望，她想在一个新的地方开始新的生活。
E．麦斯欧德对新上火车的姑娘说的最后那句话，说明纳吉娃的突然离去虽然让他伤心， 但他对未来并没有失去希望，对自己的目标仍然满怀信心。
2．小说主要运用了哪一种艺术表现手法？请联系你所熟悉的中外名著，比如巴尔扎克、契诃夫等人的作品，进行比较阐释。
二、文言文阅读
3．用“／”符号给下面的文段断句。
方羲之之不可强以仕而尝极东方出沧海以娱其意于山水之间岂有徜徉肆
恣而又尝自休于此邪羲之之书晚乃善则其所能盖亦以精力自致者非天成也然
后世未有能及者岂其学不如彼邪则学固岂可以少哉况欲深造道德者邪
曾巩《墨池记》
4．将下列文段中画横线的部分翻译成现代汉语。
子曰：“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。”《论语?里仁》）
三、作文阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于 800 字的论述文。
著名学者、古文字学家、东方学家及翻译家季羡林先生说：“每个人都争取一个完满的 人生。然而，自古及今，海内海外，一个百分之百的完满的人生是没有的。所以我说,不完 满才是人生。”
请根据自己的理解，联系社会生活实际，选择一个角度进行探讨，发表你的见解。
阅读与写作（第二部分）
Section I
Reading
In the following article, some sentences or paragraphs have been removed.For questions 1 to 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps.There is ONE which does not fit in any of the gaps.
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all.We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seagoing boat, or calculated the length of the year; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you
It is just poible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight? so do savages? Hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to bePeople fight to settle quarrels.Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than byseeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like.Even our own age has fought the
two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed.And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets, nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages
But we must not expect too much.After all, the race of men has only just started.From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young children indeed, babies, in fact, of a few These figures are difficult to grasp? So let us scale them down.Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures on the earth as one hundred years? then the whole past of man works out at about one month, andduringthatmonththerehavebeencivilizations for between seven and eight hours.
civilized past at about seven or eight hours, we may estimate his future at about one hundred thousand years.Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its civilized life, and as I say, we must not expect too much.The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly busine, a busine of fighting and killing.We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things.All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else.
[A]Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently – this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done is not being civilized.
[B] And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatestnumber of other countries and ruled over themas conquerors.
[C] We have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly in daily life.However, every year conflicts between countries and nations are still claiming thousands of lives.
[D] And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right.For that is what going to war means? it means saying that might is right.
[E] So you see there has been little time to learn in, but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better.
[F] Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jellyfish and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years? But there have been men for only one million years, and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years at the outside.Section II
Writing
Part A
6.Translate the following text into English.
有人说成功取决于性格，但我认为什么性格都可能成功，关键是要分析自己
的实际，做自己喜欢并擅长的事。这样，你才会坚持，不畏艰难，不轻易改变方 向。这时，成功离你就不远了。
Part B
7.Write an eay of 150 words in English, which is relevant to the idea conveyed
in the Chinese text in Part A of this section.
